GENETIC INHERITANCE · 4.1: Mendelian Gene a)Define the terminologies used in genetic inheritance...
Transcript of GENETIC INHERITANCE · 4.1: Mendelian Gene a)Define the terminologies used in genetic inheritance...
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GENETIC
INHERITANCE
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Subtopics
Mendelian
Genetics
(C1)
Deviations From The
Mendelian Inheritance
(C1)
Genetic
Mapping
(C1)
4.1
4.2
4.3
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Learning
outcomes
4.1: Mendelian Gene
a)Define the terminologies used in genetic inheritance
b)State the characteristics of Mandel’s pea plants
c)State Mendel’s first law
d)State Mendel’s second law
e)Construct genetic diagram
4.2: Deviations from the Mendelian Inheritance
- Define types of inheritance that deviate from
Mendelian
4.3: Genetic Mapping- Define genetic mapping
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heterozygous
homozygous
genotype
phenotype
dominantAllele
Selfcross
gene
Terminologies Used In
Genetic Inheritance
Test
cross
recessive Locus
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Alleles
Alternative forms of a gene for a trait
occupying the same locus on
homologous chromosomes
Terminologies Used In
Genetic Inheritance
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Genes
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Alleles
Terminologies Used In
Genetic Inheritance
A heritable unit consisting of a
specific nucleotide sequence in DNA
that controls a specific characteristic
or phenotype of an organism
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Genes
Locus
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Alleles
Terminologies Used In
Genetic Inheritance
The position on a homologous
chromosome where a gene is
located
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Genes
Locus
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Alleles
Terminologies Used In
Genetic Inheritance
Genotype • Genetic composition of an
individual; combination of alleles it
possesses.
• or the alleles possessed by an
individual
.
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Genes
Locus
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Alleles
Terminologies Used In
Genetic Inheritance
Genotype
Phenotype• The observable characteristics of
an organism.
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Homozygous
Terminologies Used In
Genetic Inheritance
An organism that has a pair of
identical alleles for a gene.
HeterozygousAn organism that has TWO
different alleles for a gene.
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Homozygous
Terminologies Used In
Genetic Inheritance
Heterozygous
Dominant allele
Recessive allele
• An allele which express its
phenotype even in heterozygous
form.
• An allele that only express its
phenotype when present in the
homozygous form.
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Test cross
Terminologies Used In
Genetic Inheritance
Individual of unknown genotype with
dominant phenotype is crossed to a
recessive homozygous individual
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Test cross
Terminologies Used In
Genetic Inheritance
Transfer of the pollen grain from the
anther to the stigma of either the
same or genetically similar flowerSelf crosss/
self pollination
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Characteristics Of
Mendel’s pea plants
Easy to
grow
Short life
cycle/mature
quickly
Produce large
number of
offspring from
each mating
Many easily
observable
characteristics
Pea plants can
self-pollinate
or cross-
pollinate
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Characteristics Of
Mendel’s pea plants
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Mendel’s LAW FIRST
LAW
The TWO alleles
for a heritable
character
SEGREGATE
during gamete
formation & end up
in different
gametes.
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Mendel’s SECOND
LAW
Each PAIR of
alleles
SEGREGATES
INDEPENDENTLY
of each other pair
of alleles during
gametes
formation.
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Thank
you