Generating Electricity: Past and Present€¦ · Generating Electricity: Past and Present...

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PHYSICS - ELECTRICAL ENERGY Generating Electricity: Past and Present Turbo-Generators with Power House Employees. Source: Queensland Museum Network/Queensland Rail.

Transcript of Generating Electricity: Past and Present€¦ · Generating Electricity: Past and Present...

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PHYSICS - ELECTRICAL ENERGY

Generating Electricity: Past and Present

Turbo-Generators with Power House Employees. Source: Queensland Museum Network/Queensland Rail.

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PHYSICS | ELECTRICAL ENERGY PART ONE1 QUEENSLAND MUSEUM FUTURE MAKERS RESOURCE

Contents

Australian Curriculum Links .....................................................................................................................................................2

Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................3

Part 1: Develop Background Understandings .............................................................................................................4

Part 2: Image Analysis ........................................................................................................................................................................................................5

Image Analysis Interpretation Key ............................................................................................................................5

Part 3: Explore Further ..................................................................................................................................................................................................13

Glossary

Writing exercise

Presenting exercise

Need to know information

Group activity

Watch a video

Future Makers is an innovative partnership between Queensland Museum Network

and QGC formed to encourage students, teachers and the community to get involved

in science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM) education in Australia.

This partnership aims to engage and inspire people with the wonder of science,

and increase the participation and performance of young Australians in

STEM-related careers — creating a highly capable workforce for the future.

www.futuremakers.org.au/about/

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Year 6 Curriculum focus

Science UnderstandingPhysical Sciences

Electrical energy can be transferred and transformed in electrical circuits and can be

generated from a range of sources.

(ACSSU097)

Science as Human Endeavour

Scientific knowledge is used to solve problems and inform personal and community decisions.

(ACSHE100)

Science Inquiry SkillsCommunicating

Communicate ideas, explanations and processes using scientific representations in a variety

of ways, including multi-modal texts.

(ACSIS110)

Australian Curriculum LinksWhile this resource has been developed to support the delivery of the Year 6 Science

Curriculum, it is possible to connect learning with other year levels. You are encouraged

to adapt the resource to meet your individual needs and learning context.

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IntroductionThis learning resource has been designed to explore the past, present and future of

electrical energy, including its generation and ability to power movement around our vast

state. The Workshops Rail Museum has been used to contextualise learning due to the

site’s strong historical connections with the generation and use of electricity.

Primary and secondary sources of information from The Workshops Rail Museum are

used throughout the resource to stimulate inquiry into, and facilitate discussion about,

topics and concepts associated with electrical energy.

As this resource has been designed to complement classroom-based teaching and learning experiences, students are assumed to have developed knowledge about the following concepts:

• Energy is the capacity to do work and can exist in a variety of forms.

• Electrical energy can be transferred to objects and transformed into different energy forms.

• Electrical energy can be generated from a range of sources. A number of these sources

use kinetic energy to drive the movement of a turbine within a power station. The turbine

rotates a generator which is used to generate electricity.

• A generator is a device that spins a magnet between coils of wire to create a steady flow

of electrons. This movement generates an electric current that can be used to power

varied objects.

Visit The Workshops Rail Museum to make history come alive with hands-on exhibits,

multi-media encounters and colourful stories. Please contact The Workshops Rail Museum to

make a group booking and refer to the Teacher Guide for additional information

about the museum.

It is recommended that students complete the following activities independently or in groups

of four.

The Future of Rail: A Design Challenge may also be used to complement learning experiences

explored within this resource

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Part 1: Develop Background Understandings

Source: Image courtesy of Merv Volker

In the earliest days of the Ipswich Railway Workshops, machinery used to construct

railways and locomotives was driven by steam power. The site expanded rapidly in the

late 19th century and electricity was seen as the key to its modernisation. The city of

Ipswich had no electricity supply at this time, so the site built their own power station to

meet increasing demands.

The Ipswich Power House officially opened on the 2nd of July, 1903. The site supplied

electricity, compressed air and hydraulic pressure to power the machinery, tools and

lights of the Ipswich Railway Workshops and was one of the first industrial complexes

in Queensland to use electricity on a large scale. While the Power House is no longer

operational, you can visit The Workshops Rail Museum or access Google Maps

(search The Workshops Rail Museum) to view the building as it stands today.

Museum Perspectives

What can you infer about the invitee and the event based on the style and language used

within the invitation?

Look closely at the invitation to the official opening of the Ipswich Power House.

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Part 2: Image AnalysisYou will now take a closer look inside the Power House and examine a series of images

taken of the site between 1902 and 1931.

Select one of the images on the following pages and use this image to think about, discuss and write down answers to the following questions:

1. Describe what you see:

2. When do you think this photo was taken? Why?

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3. Identify the objects in your image. What role do you think the objects played in the

generation of electricity at the Power House?

4. Can you identify any energy transfers or transformations that may be taking

place within your image?

5a. Working at a power station can be dangerous. Identify and describe any

potential safety issues or concerns you can see in your image.

5b. What could be done to reduce or eliminate these safety issues or concerns?

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6. Write a caption for your image.

Share your image, caption and responses to the above questions with your class.

Compare and contrast your responses to the image information provided on the image

analysis interpretation key.

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Source: Queensland RailImage One

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Source: Queensland Museum Network/Queensland RailImage Two

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Source: Queensland Museum Network/Queensland RailImage Three

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Source: Queensland RailImage Four

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Source: Queensland Museum Network/Queensland RailImage Five

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Image Analysis Interpretation KeyImage OneIpswich Power House Under Construction

• The Power House under construction in 1902.

• Babcock and Wilcox Ltd supplied the steam equipment for the site, including:

– Four boilers (horizontal cylindrical shape in middle of image)

– Cooling tower (vertical cylindrical shape in background of image)

– Steel chimney (upper left corner of image)

• Four coal hoppers can also be seen in the upper right hand corner of the image.

• Brick walls were built above the hoppers and cooling tower. These walls, along with a roof,

completely enclosed this section of the Power House after its completion.

• The cooling tower and chimney are no longer standing.

Image TwoPower House Machine Room Interior

• Image circa 1912 - 1916.

• Interior of machine room featuring:

– Air compressor with its large fly-wheel (circular object towards image left)

– Generators (box objects at the rear of the air compressor)

• The compressed air produced by the machine was used to operate tools such as

hammers, drills and riveters.

• The air compressor no longer remains inside the Power House.

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Image ThreeTurbo Generators with Power House Employees

• Image circa 1912 - 1916.

• Power House employees are pictured with a new generator.

• The Power House reached its generation limits by June 1910; all three generators and

four boilers were operating at full capacity to cope with increased power demands.

This posed a serious problem: if a breakdown occurred there were no backup generators

to continue the production of electricity.

• To cope with demand, a new 750 kW turbo-generator set was ordered in 1911 (pictured).

The old generators were kept at the Power House as backup. A 1000kW turbo-generator

was installed in 1915, allowing the Power House to meet its supply needs for several

more years.

Image FourChain Grate and Boilers

• Image circa 1911.

• Coal was delivered by train and dropped into a large concrete trough. The trough had

a number of openings inside it which could be opened and closed as required. The coal

passed through the openings and into a continuous filler.

• The continuous filler directed the coal into a series of buckets, which were carried high

across the boiler room floor. The coal was then dropped into a series of large chutes and

deposited into steel bunkers. Eight chutes and four bunkers can be seen in the image.

• From here, the coal was fed through the bunkers into the chain grate stokers and then

into the boilers (located behind the doors in background of image).

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Image FiveNew Power House Electrical Equipment

• Image circa 1931.

• As the electrical industry developed, the Workshops became out of step with newly

standardised power levels in use across Australia.

• Two convertor sets were installed in 1931 to deal with this change (large round objects in

middle of image). The sets consisted of a motor and alternator.

• The new equipment converted the 3-phase power now supplied from Brisbane to the

2-phase 60 cycle power used by the Workshops equipment.

• These convertor sets remain in place.

Source: Buchanan Architects. (2005). The Power House at The Workshops Rail Museum

North Ipswich: A Conservation Management Plan. (n.p.).

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Part 3: Explore FurtherExamine how Sarah Gallegos, an electrical engineer, and Mark Land, a production technician,

work with electricity on a daily basis at the Curtis Island Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Plant.

These videos are also available on the Future Makers Teacher Resource page.

Investigate and evaluate the sustainability and/or environmental impacts of electricity

generation methods used at this site.