GENERAL OBSERVATIONS FROM THE PHES EVALUATIONS … · 1 GENERAL OBSERVATIONS FROM THE PHES...
Transcript of GENERAL OBSERVATIONS FROM THE PHES EVALUATIONS … · 1 GENERAL OBSERVATIONS FROM THE PHES...
6/18/2009
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GENERAL OBSERVATIONS FROM THE PHES EVALUATIONS TO DATE
June 18, 2009
AVERAGE ANNUAL PROPANE USE
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ItemEstimated
costEstimated savings
Payback (years)
Overview of the improvement options recommended Note: Estimated savings will vary from farm to farm and, because of interactions, are not necessarily cumulative.
Insulate sidewall curtain $4,000 800 gal 2.5
Insulate ceiling $2,800 450 gal 3.1
Add attic inlets $1,800 600 gal 1.5
Tunnel inlet doors $5,800 500 gal 5.8
Mi i f $ 500 100 l 2 5Mixing fans $ 500 100 gal 2.5
Radiant tube heaters $7,000 500 gal 7.0
Cold cathode lights $1,000 11,000 kWh 0.8
Close and insulate sidewall curtains• 3 ½ inch fiberglass + plastic + blandex• “Therm All” fiberglass blanket w/reinforced
backing• Save 600 to 1000 gal LP/house/yr• Payback 2 to 4 yrs
Trade and brand names are used for information only and does not imply approval of any product to the exclusion of others that may be suitable
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SOLID SIDEWALLS
END DOORSA. Thermal image of a poorly‐sealed end door B. Thermal image of a well‐sealed end door
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Thermal Images – End Wall
Cold air is leaking along the top of the door
Cold air is leaking along theceiling line at the end wall
Air Leaks – Foundation & Wall
Cold air is leaking into the barn through a hole in the wall covering
Cold air is leaking under theCold air is leaking under the frame wall at the top of a concrete foundation
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ItemEstimated
costEstimated savings
Payback (years)
Overview of the improvement options recommended Note: Estimated savings will vary from farm to farm and, because of interactions, are not necessarily cumulative.
Insulate sidewall curtain $4,000 800 gal 2.5
Insulate ceiling $2,800 450 gal 3.1
Add attic inlets $1,800 600 gal 1.5
Tunnel inlet doors $5,800 500 gal 5.8
Mi i f $ 500 100 l 2 5Mixing fans $ 500 100 gal 2.5
Radiant tube heaters $7,000 500 gal 7.0
Cold cathode lights $1,000 11,000 kWh 0.8
ATTIC INSULATION
• Most barns – 2 to 4 inches• Could add 3 to 6 inches• Save 300 to 600 gal LP/house/year• Payback 2.5 to 5 years
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ATTIC INSULATION
ItemEstimated
costEstimated savings
Payback (years)
Overview of the improvement options recommended Note: Estimated savings will vary from farm to farm and, because of interactions, are not necessarily cumulative.
Insulate sidewall curtain $4,000 800 gal 2.5
Insulate ceiling $2,800 450 gal 3.1
Add attic inlets $1,800 600 gal 1.5
Tunnel inlet doors $5,800 500 gal 5.8
Mi i f $ 500 100 l 2 5Mixing fans $ 500 100 gal 2.5
Radiant tube heaters $7,000 500 gal 7.0
Cold cathode lights $1,000 11,000 kWh 0.8
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• Save 400 to 800 gal LP/house/yr
ATTIC INLETSCapture solar heat from the attic
Save 400 to 800 gal LP/house/yr• Gravity Inlets
– Need tight house– Management (open/close) issues– Payback 2 to 4 years
• Controlled (winch and static pressure) inletsControlled (winch and static pressure) inlets– House tightness not as critical– Some more energy savings possible– Payback 5 to 10 years
ATTIC INLETS
Winch controlled –Static pressure operated
Gravity operated –Counterweighted
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ItemEstimated
costEstimated savings
Payback (years)
Overview of the improvement options recommended Note: Estimated savings will vary from farm to farm and, because of interactions, are not necessarily cumulative.
Insulate sidewall curtain $4,000 800 gal 2.5
Insulate ceiling $2,800 450 gal 3.1
Add attic inlets $1,800 600 gal 1.5
Tunnel inlet doors $5,800 500 gal 5.8
Mi i f $ 500 100 l 2 5Mixing fans $ 500 100 gal 2.5
Radiant tube heaters $7,000 500 gal 7.0
Cold cathode lights $1,000 11,000 kWh 0.8
Thermal Images -Tunnel Inlets
Tunnel Inlet Leakage
Air Leakage at the top of the tunnel inlet curtain
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INSTALLING TUNNEL DOORSA. Thermal image of poorly‐sealed tunnel inlets
B. Thermal image of a well‐sealed tunnel doors
TUNNEL DOORS
• Insulated tunnel doors• Save 400 to 600 gal LP/house/yr• Payback 5 to 8 years
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ItemEstimated
costEstimated savings
Payback (years)
Overview of the improvement options recommended Note: Estimated savings will vary from farm to farm and, because of interactions, are not necessarily cumulative.
Insulate sidewall curtain $4,000 800 gal 2.5
Insulate ceiling $2,800 450 gal 3.1
Add attic inlets $1,800 600 gal 1.5
Tunnel inlet doors $5,800 500 gal 5.8
Mi i f $ 500 100 l 2 5Mixing fans $ 500 100 gal 2.5
Radiant tube heaters $7,000 500 gal 7.0
Cold cathode lights $1,000 11,000 kWh 0.8
MIXING FANS
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MIXING FANS
• Most helpful in leaky houses• Save 100 gal LP/house/yr• Payback 2 to 4years
ItemEstimated
costEstimated savings
Payback (years)
Overview of the improvement options recommended Note: Estimated savings will vary from farm to farm and, because of interactions, are not necessarily cumulative.
Insulate sidewall curtain $4,000 800 gal 2.5
Insulate ceiling $2,800 450 gal 3.1
Add attic inlets $1,800 600 gal 1.5
Tunnel inlet doors $5,800 500 gal 5.8
Mi i f $ 500 100 l 2 5Mixing fans $ 500 100 gal 2.5
Radiant tube heaters $7,000 500 gal 7.0
Cold cathode lights $1,000 11,000 kWh 0.8
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HEATING SYSTEMS
HEATING SYSTEMS
• Radiant tube or “Quad” heaters• Fewer units to maintain• Save energy if house air temperature is
lowered• Save 300 to 600 gal LP/house/yr• Payback 6 to 10 years
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ItemEstimated
costEstimated savings
Payback (years)
Overview of the improvement options recommended Note: Estimated savings will vary from farm to farm and, because of interactions, are not necessarily cumulative.
Insulate sidewall curtain $4,000 800 gal 2.5
Insulate ceiling $2,800 450 gal 3.1
Add attic inlets $1,800 600 gal 1.5
Tunnel inlet doors $5,800 500 gal 5.8
Mi i f $ 500 100 l 2 5Mixing fans $ 500 100 gal 2.5
Radiant tube heaters $7,000 500 gal 7.0
Cold cathode lights $1,000 11,000 kWh 0.8
RECOMMENDATIONS RELATED TO LIGHTINGChange from incandescent lights
to cold cathode or compact fluorescents
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LIGHTING
• Replace Incandescent bulbs• CFLs &/or Dimmable Cold Cathode • Do 8 W CC bulbs provide enough light?• May need to add some fixtures• Save 8,000 to 12,000 kWh/house/yr
– (full house replacement)• Payback <1 to 2 years
RECOMMENDATIONS RELATED TO LIGHTINGKeep light bulbs clean
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VENTILATION
36-inch Fans
10000
12000Approx. 9000 CFM
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
Fan Airflo
w, CFM
Operating range
0
2000
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25
Static Pressure
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Tunnel Fans
20 000
25,000 Farm 1, Fan 1
Farm 1, Fan 2
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
Air
flow
(CFM
) Farm 2, Fan 1
Farm 2, Fan 2
Farm 2, Fan 3
Farm 3, Fan 1
Farm 3, Fan 2
Farm 3, Fan 3
Farm 3, Fan 4
F 3 F 5
00.00 0.10 0.20 0.30
Static Pressure (inches of water)
Farm 3, Fan 5
Farm 4, Fan 1
48-inch Fans
20 000
25,000
5 000
10,000
15,000
20,000
Air f
low
(CFM
)
Farm 3, Fan 1Farm 3, Fan 2Farm 3, Fan 3
0
5,000
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25Static Pressure (inches of water)
Farm 3, Fan 4Farm 3, Fan 5
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50-inch Fans
20 000
25,000 Farm 1, Fan 1
Farm 1, Fan 2
Farm 1, Fan 3
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
Airf
low
(CFM
)
,
Farm 1, Fan 4
Farm 1, Fan 5
Farm 2, Fan 2
Farm 2, Fan 3
Farm 2, Fan 4
Farm 2, Fan 1
00.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25
Static Pressure (inches of water)
50-inch Fans – with and without a cones
20 000
25,000Farm 1, Fan 1Farm 1, Fan 2
w/Cone
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
Air f
low
(CFM
)
0
5,000
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25Static Pressure (inches of water)
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Comparisons with BESS data
Reduced fan performance
C k ll iCracks allow air to leak back into
the barn
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Keeping fans clean
18 000
20,000Clean
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
Airf
low
(CFM
)
Dirty
4,000
6,000
8,000
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25Static Pressure (inches of water)
Shutter maintenance
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Worn Pulleys & Belts
Average house tightness of the 14 farms participating in the PHES evaluations
(Values determined with a single tunnel fan running)
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Average air leakage at 0.1 inches SP for 12 of the 14 farms participating in the PHES evaluations
AVERAGE AIR SPEED MEASURED AT BROILER LEVEL WITH ALL TUNNEL FANS RUNNING
(Measured 75.5 ft upstream from tunnel fans)
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ELECTRICAL• Services not overloaded
– Building loads below 75 ABuilding loads below 75 A• Some voltage drops more than 5% (20 – 25 V)• Voltage at fans OK (> 215)• Few overheated components
Thermal image showing overheating in a breaker due to a poor contact
Thermal image showing overheating due to a poor relay connection
ELECTRICAL
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ELECTRICAL
Overheated Motor Main Breaker & lugs – 35°F degrees air temperature
CONTROLSFan
Thermostat