General Lathe Set-up
-
Upload
intenseimages -
Category
Documents
-
view
33 -
download
0
description
Transcript of General Lathe Set-up
-
5/27/2018 General Lathe Set-up
1/16
Lathe Manual JH compilation 3.3.06 1
General Lathe Set Up
-
5/27/2018 General Lathe Set-up
2/16
Lathe Manual JH compilation 3.3.06 2
Machine Shop Safety............................................................................................................................ 2
General Lathe Set-Up ............................................................................................................................... 4
Facing, Turning, and Shouldering: ................................................................................................... 4
Three things matter with your tool bit position: ............................................................................... 51. Height, 2. Front clearance and 3. Side clearance. See below. .................................................... 5
Identifying a Quality Tool-bit Set-up ....................................................................................................... 6The complete set-up.......................................................................................................................... 7Facing: .............................................................................................................................................. 8
Turning and Shouldering .................................................................................................................. 8
Centerdrill/Countersink: ................................................................................................................. 10Tapping on a Lathe:........................................................................................................................ 10
Lathe Speeds and Other Rules........................................................................................................ 13
For Facing and Turning of Diameter of Soft Metal Stock.................................................................. 13For Facing and Turning of Diameter of Plastic Stock........................................................................ 13
For Drilling on the Lathe .................................................................................................................... 13
Other Rules of Lathe Use ................................................................................................................... 13
Machine Tool Items and Shop Supplies Commonly Purchased from Travers Tool ...................... 14Description Part Number.................................................................................................................. 14
Decimal Equivalents....................................................................................................................... 15
Tap Drill Size Chart........................................................................................................................ 16
Machine Shop Safety
-
5/27/2018 General Lathe Set-up
3/16
Lathe Manual JH compilation 3.3.06 3
Safety GlassesEVERYONE MUST WEAR SAFETY GLASSES IN THE SHOP.
Even when you're not working on a machine, you must wear safety glasses. A chip from a machine someone else
is working on could fly into your eye.
Clothes and HairCheck your clothes and hair before you walk into the shop. In particular:
o REMOVE JEWELERYo IF YOU HAVE LONG HAIR OR A LONG BEARD, TIE IT UP.
If your hair is caught in spinning machinery, it will be pulled out if you're lucky. If you're unlucky, you
will be pulled into the machine.
o NO LOOSE CLOTHING.Ties, scarves, loose sleeves, etc. are prohibited
o NO GLOVESo WEAR APPROPRIATE SHOES
No open toed sandals. Wear shoes that give a sure footing. If you are working with heavy objects, steel
toes are recommended.
Safe Conduct in the ShopBe aware of what's going on around you. For example, be careful not to bump into someone while they're cutting
with the bandsaw (they could lose a finger!).
Concentrate on what you're doing. If you get tired, leave.
Don't hurry. If you catch yourself rushing, slow down.
Don't rush speeds and feeds. You'll end up damaging your part, the tools, and maybe the machine itself.Listen to the machine. If something doesn't sound right, turn the machine off.
Don't let someone else talk you into doing something dangerous.
Don't attempt to measure a part that's moving.
MachiningIF YOU DON'T KNOW HOW TO DO SOMETHING, ASK!
BEFORE YOU START THE MACHINE:
o Study the machine. Know which parts move, which are stationary, and which are sharp. Spin the chuckby hand to insure that all is clear!
o Double check that your workpiece is securely held.o Remove chuck keys and wrenches.
DO NOT LEAVE MACHINES RUNNING UNATTENDED!
CLEAN UP MACHINES AFTER YOU USE THEM!
A dirty machine is unsafe and uncomfortable to work on.
Do not use compressed air to blow machines clean. This endangers people's eyes and can force dirt into machine
bearings.
Courtesy of the U.S. Army
-
5/27/2018 General Lathe Set-up
4/16
Lathe Manual JH compilation 3.3.06 4
General Lathe Set-Up
Facing, Turning, and Shouldering:
Below is an overhead shot of the set-up for facing and turning.
What you see is a right-handed tool bit in a left-handed holder mounted in a rocker-type tool post. In
the lathe headstock chuck is a dead center, but a live-center chucked on its cylindrical body can alsowork to help establish proper tool bit height.
-
5/27/2018 General Lathe Set-up
5/16
Lathe Manual JH compilation 3.3.06 5
Three things matter with your tool bit position:
1. Height, 2. Front clearance and 3. Side clearance. See below.
Remember that the left-handed holder is used for facing, turning, and shouldering.
-
5/27/2018 General Lathe Set-up
6/16
Lathe Manual JH compilation 3.3.06 6
Identifying a Quality Tool-bit Set-up
The Tool Post is positioned left of center in the compoundrest.
The Tool Bit Holder is choked up in the tool post to
minimize chatter.
The Tool Bit extends out of the holder just enough thisminimizes chatter and prolongs tool life. In this
instance, the tool bit extends out from the holder
approximately .
-
5/27/2018 General Lathe Set-up
7/16
Lathe Manual JH compilation 3.3.06 7
The complete set-up
-
5/27/2018 General Lathe Set-up
8/16
Lathe Manual JH compilation 3.3.06 8
Facing:
Position the tool bit just in front of the center of the part, as
shown.
Using the carriage handwheel, cut into the stock. Then, usingthe cross slide, proceed to center of the stock.
At this point, hold onto the carriage hand wheel to preventthe carriage from floating away from the stock.
Once at center, immediately begin drawing the cross slide
toward the exterior of the part, toward you.
1. Do not extend the tool bit beyond center of the stock.2. Make certain you are holding the carriage steady at
the handwheel throughout the entire process thisprevents the part from doming.
Continue drawing the cross slide toward you until the stock iscompletely faced.
Turning and Shouldering
-
5/27/2018 General Lathe Set-up
9/16
Lathe Manual JH compilation 3.3.06 9
The same tool bit set up used for facing can be used for turning to a specific diameter and creating a 90degree shoulder on the workpiece.
Floating Micrometer Scale
When turning, the cross
slide advances the toolbit.
The micrometer scaleallows the operator to
control the amount of
material removed.
The scale can be rotatedindependently of the
cross slide, then locked in
position to assist the
operator with precisiondimensioning of the work
piece.
-
5/27/2018 General Lathe Set-up
10/16
Lathe Manual JH compilation 3.3.06 10
Centerdrill/Countersink:
Centerdrill/Countersinks serve three purposes: The cylindrical center-point is used to create a pilot for
drilling holes, the tapered countersink is used to chamfer and countersink, and to provide a tapered
center for insertion of a live center.
Tapping on a Lathe:
-
5/27/2018 General Lathe Set-up
11/16
Lathe Manual JH compilation 3.3.06 11
To ensure that internal threads are cut square, a live center can be placed in the tailstock to support the
tap handle. As the part is threaded, the ram is drawn forward, not to push the tap, but simply to insurethat no lateral forces are placed on the tap while threading a key to reducing tap breakage.
Setting up to copy a mouthpiece taper:
A dial indicator is used when one needs to re-set a mouthpiece taper or adjust the shank. Note
the dead-center used to support the mouthpiece in the chuck and the live-center supporting the
-
5/27/2018 General Lathe Set-up
12/16
Lathe Manual JH compilation 3.3.06 12
backbore. The taper is copied by adjusting the compound slide to the same angle as the shape
the dial indicator providing an accurate read on progress.
-
5/27/2018 General Lathe Set-up
13/16
Lathe Manual JH compilation 3.3.06 13
Lathe Speeds and Other Rules
For Facing and Turning of Diameter of Soft Metal Stock
(brass, aluminum, cold-rolled steel, bronze)
300 diameter of part = chuck speedexamples:
chuck speed for a diameter piece should be approximately 600 rpm
chuck speed for a 5/8 diameter piece should be approximately 480 rpm
chuck speed for a 1 diameter piece should be approximately 300 rpm
***************************************************************
For Facing and Turning of Diameter of Plastic Stock
(abs, delrin)
400 diameter of part = chuck speed
For Drilling on the Lathe
300 Diameter of Drill Bit
Other Rules of Lathe Use
Parts should never extend out of the headstock chuck more than 3X the diameter of the partwithout live center support.
Example: The maximum extension for a 5/8 diameter piece chucked in the headstock chuck should be 2 before live
center support is required.
Rams should be extended 1 on their body rule before inserting any tailstock accessory. Inspect compound slides to ensure they are in the middle of their travel stroke before any
lathe is used.
Tool bit height is set at center, whether facing or turning.
-
5/27/2018 General Lathe Set-up
14/16
Lathe Manual JH compilation 3.3.06 14
Machine Tool Items and Shop Supplies Commonly Purchased from Travers
Tool
Description Part Number
6-Flute Countersink 07-040-032 Tube Chamfering
Hacksaw Blades 26-300-140
Lathe File (10) 51-732-555 Beveling Edges3M Diamond Files (400 grit) 54-580-831 Tone Hole Leveling
3M Diamond Files (800 grit) 54-580-832 Tone Hole Leveling
Wheel Dresser 53-410-000Diamond Sharpening Stone 53-810-010 General Purpose
Diamond Lapping Pad (fine) 54-514-987 PolishingCraytex Deburring Wheels (2 dia.) 53-700-326 (X-fine) DeburringDial Caliper 57-015-006
Micrometer 57-001-001
Dial Indicator Set 57-080-602 Lathe Precision Turning
Granite Surface Plate 57-037-609 Straightening Tbone SlidesTelescoping Gauge Set 57-025-011 Internal Measuring
Small Hole Gauge Set 57-045-001 Tone Hole Measuring
60Center Gauge 57-071-778 Tool Bit GrindingDrill Press Vise 61-200-000
Brass Shim Assortment 71-201-901 Multi-Purpose
#1 Gold Cutting Fluid (pint) 81-007-050 Turning/DrillingStick Wax 81-004-001 Dent Ball LubeLPS2 Lubricant (aerosol) 81-001-110 Tool Lubrication
Red Bearing Grease 81-006-540 Slide Grease
Never-Seez Epoxy Stick 81-006-573 Main T.S. MoldsPre-Solve Degreaser (aerosol) 81-001-190 Lacquer Prep
Thermomelt Temperature Indicator (500) 81-004-500 SolderingDrills
Taps/DiesThread Inserts
HSS + Carbide Tool Bits
Boring Bars
-
5/27/2018 General Lathe Set-up
15/16
Lathe Manual JH compilation 3.3.06 15
Decimal Equivalents
-
5/27/2018 General Lathe Set-up
16/16
Lathe Manual JH compilation 3.3.06 16
Tap Drill Size Chart