General Information 1 Acceleration Sensor Products 2 ...Evaluation Boards Smoke Integrated Circuits...

Evaluation Boards

Smoke Integrated Circuits

Pressure Range and Device Index

Pressure Sensor Products

Acceleration Sensor Products

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2

3

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General Information

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ALExIS, Buffalo, Bullet–Proof, CDA, Ceff–PGA, Cheval, CMTL, Customer Defined Array, DECAL, Designer’s, DIMMIC, DSPRAM,ECLinPS, ECLinPS LITE, ECL300, E–FETs, EpiBase, Epicap, E–POWER, EZFET, FIRsT, FLEX Alphanumeric Chip, FLEX Chip,FLEX Numeric Chip, FLEX Stack, GEL–PAK, GEMFET, GlobalOptoisolator, GreenLine, HDC, HDTMOS, H4C Series, H4C Plus,HYPERformance, ICePAK, L2TMOS, MAACPAC, MCCS, MCML, M•CORE, MDTL, MECL, MECL 10K, MECL 10H, MECL III,Media Engine, MEGAHERTZ, Memorist, MHTL, MicroCool, MicroSIMM, MiniMOS, Mini Mosorb, MONOMAX, MOSAIC I,MOSAIC II, MOSAIC III, MOSAIC IV, MOSAIC V, MOSFET, Mosorb, MRTL, MTTL, Multi–Pak, MUSCLE, Mustang, OACS, OnCE,PHACT, PowerBase, Power Manager, POWER OPTO, POWERTAP, Predix, PRISMCard, QUIL, Rail–To–Rail, SCANSWITCH,SENSEFET, Senseon, µSIMM, SLEEPMODE, SMALLBLOCK, SMARTDISCRETES, SMARTMOS, SMARTswitch, SORF,Surmetic, SWITCHMODE, Symmetric Superscalar, TestPAS, Thermopad, Thermopad II, Thermowatt, TMOS V, Unibloc,UNIT/PAK, VECOMP, VersaPower, WaveFET, X–ducer, Z–Switch and ZIP R TRIM are trademarks of Motorola, Inc.

C–QUAM, MOSAIC and TMOS are registered trademarks of Motorola, Inc.

Apollo is a registered trademark of Hewlett Packard Inc.AutoLogic, NetEd, QuickSim II, QuickPath and Falcon Framework are trademarks of Mentor Graphics Corp.Cho–Therm is a registered trademark of Chromerics, Inc.Concept, Gate Ensemble, Verilog–XL, Veritime and Dracula are trademarks of Cadence Design Systems, Inc.Daisy is a trademark of Daisy Systems Corporation.DDCMP and VAX are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation.Design Compiler, HDL Compiler, Test Compiler and DesignWave are trademarks of Synopsys, Inc.Echelon, LON, LONWORKS and NEURON are registered trademarks of Echelon Corporation.ETHERNET is a trademark of Xerox Corporation.FACT and FAST are trademarks of National Semiconductor Corporation.FIDE is a trademark of Aptronix.GED is a trademark of Valid Logic Systems Inc.Grafoil is a registered trademark of Union Carbide.HP/Apollo is a registered trademark of Hewlett–Packard Inc.IBM, IBM PC, PowerPC and SDLC are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation.InterTools is a trademark of Intermetrics, Inc.Isotop is a trademark of SGS–Thomson Microelectronics.Kapton is a registered trademark of E.I. Dupont.LONBUILDER and LONTALK are trademarks of Echelon Corporation.Macintosh is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.Mentor Graphics is a trademark of Mentor Graphics Corporation.Micro8 is a trademark of International Rectifier.MOTIVE is a registered trademark of Quad Design.NeXT is a trademark of NeXT Computer, Inc.Pentium is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation.POWERMITE is a registered trademark of and used under a license from Microsemi Corporation.ROM68K and SmartROM are trademarks of Integrated Systems, Inc.Rubber–Duc is a trademark of AAVID Engineering.Sil Pad and Thermal Clad is a trademark of the Bergquist Company.SPARC is a trademark of SPARC International, Inc.Sun–4 is a trademarks of Sun Microsystems Inc.Sync–Nut is a trademark of ITW Shakeproof.Thermasil is a registered trademark and Thermafilm is a trademark of Thermalloy, Inc.UNIX is a registered trademark of X/Open Company, Ltd.ZBT and Zero Bus Turnaround are trademarks of Integrated Device Technology, Inc. and the architecture is supported by

Micron Technology, Inc. and Motorola, Inc.

All brand names and product names appearing in this document are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders.

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��Device Data/Handbook

The information in this book has been carefully reviewed and is believed to be accurate; however, no responsibilityis assumed for inaccuracies. Furthermore, this information does not convey to the purchaser of semiconductordevices any license under the patent rights to the manufacturer.

Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no war-ranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor doesMotorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaimsany and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which maybe provided in Motorola data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual perfor-mance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer ap-plication by customer’s technical experts. Motorola does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rightsof others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intendedfor surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other applicationin which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. ShouldBuyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnifyand hold Motorola and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims,costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of per-sonal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that Motorolawas negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. Motorola and are registered trademarks ofMotorola, Inc. Motorola, Inc. is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer.

4th Edition Motorola, Inc. 1998“All Rights Reserved” Printed in U.S.A.

iv

DATA CLASSIFICATIONProduct Preview

This heading on a data sheet indicates that the device is in the formative stages or in design (under development).The disclaimer at the bottom of the first page reads: “This document contains information on a product under develop-ment. Motorola reserves the right to change or discontinue this product without notice.”

Advance or Preliminary Information

This heading on a data sheet indicates that the device is in sampling, preproduction, or first production stages. Thedisclaimer at the bottom of the first page reads: “This document contains information on a new product. Specificationsand information herein are subject to change without notice.”

Fully Released

A fully released data sheet contains neither a classification heading nor a disclaimer at the bottom of the first page.This document contains information on a product in full production. Guaranteed limits will not be changed withoutwritten notice to your local Motorola Semiconductor Sales Office.

MOTOROLA DEVICE CLASSIFICATIONS

In an effort to provide up-to-date information to the customer regarding the status of any given device, Motorola hasclassified all devices into three categories: Preferred devices, Current products and Not Recommended for NewDesign products.

A Preferred type is a device which is recommended as a first choice for future use. These devices are “preferred”by virtue of their performance, price, functionality, or combination of attributes which offer the overall “best” value tothe customer. This category contains both advanced and mature devices which will remain available for the fore-seeable future.

Preferred devices in the Data Sheet sections areidentified as a “Motorola Preferred Device.’’

Device types identified as “current” may not be a first choice for new designs, but will continue to be availablebecause of the popularity and/or standardization or volume usage in current production designs. These products canbe acceptable for new designs but the preferred types are considered better alternatives for long term usage.

Any device that has not been identified as a “preferred device” is a “current” device.

Products designated as “Not Recommended for New Design” may become obsolete as dictated by poor marketacceptance, or a technology or package that is reaching the end of its life cycle. Devices in this category have anuncertain future and do not represent a good selection for new device designs or long term usage.

The Sensor Data Book does not contain any“Not Recommended for New Design” devices.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION ONE — General Information

The WWW Connection 1–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Distributors and Sales Offices 1–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Quality and Reliability 1–8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview 1–8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reliability Issues for Silicon Pressure Sensors 1–9. . . . . . Soldering Precautions 1–16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pressure Sensors 1–17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Electrostatic Process Control 1–17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Statistical Process Control 1–19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Test Results 1–23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accelerometer 1–23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Media Compatibility Overview 1–24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION TWO — Acceleration SensorProducts

Mini Selector Guide 2–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Device Numbering System 2–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Acceleration Sensor FAQ’s 2–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Data SheetsPMMA2001D 2–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Application NotesAN1559 2–10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AN1635 2–13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AN1640 2–25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AN4004 2–28. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Case Outlines (Case 475–01) 2–32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Reference InformationPinout Diagrams 2–33. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Glossary of Terms 2–34. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION THREE — Pressure Sensor Products


Pressure Sensor OverviewGeneral Information 3–3–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motorola Pressure Sensors 3–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Integration 3–8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sensor Applications 3–9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Pressure Sensor Products 3–10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Pressure Side Identification 3–14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Device Numbering System 3–15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Packaging Options 3–16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Data SheetsMPX10, MPXL10 Series 3–17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MPX12 Series 3–21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MPX50, PPXV50G Series 3–25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MPX100 Series 3–29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MPX200 Series 3–33. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MPX2010, MPXT2010 Series 3–37. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MPX2050, MPX2052 Series 3–41. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MPX2100, MPX2102 Series 3–45. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MPX2200, MPX2201 Series 3–49. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MPX2300DT1 3–53. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MPX4100A, MPXS4100A, MPXT4100A,

PPXA4100A Series 3–55. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MPX4101A MPXT4101A Series 3–61. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MPX4105A, MPXT4105A Series 3–66. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MPX4115A, MPXS4115A, PPXA4115A Series 3–70. . . . . MPX4200 Series 3–75. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MPX4250A Series 3–79. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MPX4250D Series 3–83. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MPXT5006D Series 3–87. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MPX5010, MPXL5010 Series 3–91. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MPX5050 Series 3–96. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MPX5100 Series 3–101. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MPX5500 Series 3–107. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MPX5700 Series 3–111. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MPX5999D 3–115. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Application NotesAN935 Compensating for Nonlinearity in the

MPX10 Series Pressure Transducer 3–119. . . . . AN936 Mounting Techniques, Lead Forming

and Testing of Motorola’s MPX SeriesPressure Sensors 3–126. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AN1082 Simple Design for a 3–20 mA TransmitterInterface Using a Motorola Pressure Sensor 3–131. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AN1097 Calibration–Free PressureSensor System 3–134. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AN1100 Analog to Digital Converter ResolutionExtension Using a MotorolaPressure Sensor 3–139. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AN1105 A Digital Pressure Gauge Using theMotorola MPX700 SeriesDifferential Pressure Sensor 3–142. . . . . . . . . .

AN1303 A Simple 3–20 mA PressureTransducer Evaluation Board 3–147. . . . . . . . .

AN1304 Integrated Sensor Simplifies BarGraph Pressure Gauge 3–152. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AN1305 An Evaluation System for DirectInterface of the MPX5100 PressureSensor with a Microprocessor 3–157. . . . . . . . .

AN1307 A Simple Pressure RegulatorUsing Semiconductor PressureTransducers 3–173. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AN1309 Compensated Sensor Bar GraphPressure Gauge 3–180. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AN1315 An Evaluation System Interfacing theMPX2000 Series Pressure Sensorsto a Microprocessor 3–187. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AN1316 Frequency Output Conversion forMPX2000 Series Pressure Sensors 3–208. . . .

AN1318 Interfacing Semiconductor PressureSensors to Microcomputers 3–214. . . . . . . . . . .

(continued — next page)

vi

Table of Contents (continued)

SECTION THREE (continued)AN1322 Applying Semiconductor Sensors to

Bar Graph Pressure Gauges 3–224. . . . . . . . . . AN1324 A Simple Sensor Interface Amplifier 3–229. . . . . . AN1325 Amplifiers for Semiconductor

Pressure Sensors 3–233. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AN1326 Barometric Pressure Measurement

Using SemiconductorPressure Sensors 3–237. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AN1513 Mounting Techniques and PlumbingOptions of Motorola’s MPX SeriesPressure Sensors 3–246. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AN1516 Liquid Level Control Using aMotorola Pressure Sensor 3–250. . . . . . . . . . . .

AN1517 Pressure Switch Design withSemiconductor Pressure Sensors 3–255. . . . .

AN1518 Using a Pulse Width ModulatedOutput with SemiconductorPressure Sensors 3–261. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AN1525 The A–B–C’s of Signal–ConditioningAmplifier Design forSensor Applications 3–267. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AN1536 Digital Boat Speedometers 3–274. . . . . . . . . . . . . AN1571 Digital Blood Pressure Meter 3–286. . . . . . . . . . . . AN1573 Understanding Pressure

and Pressure Measurement 3–294. . . . . . . . . . . AN1583 Motorola’s Next Generation Piston Fit

Pressure Sensor Packages 3–299. . . . . . . . . . . AN1585 High–Performance, Dynamically–

Compensated SmartSensor System 3–305. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AN1586 Designing a Homemade Digital Outputfor Analog Voltage Output Sensors 3–311. . . . .

AN1611 Impact and Tilt MeasurementUsing Accelerometer 3–318. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AN1612 Shock and Mute PagerApplications Using Accelerometer 3–330. . . . . .

AN1620 A Monolithic Integrated Solutionfor MAP Applications 3–337. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AN1621 An Integrated Silicon BulkMicromachined Barometric PressureSensor for Engine Control Unitand External Mount 3–343. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AN1622 EMC Considerations forAutomotive Sensors 3–350. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AN1636 Implementing Auto Zero forIntegrated Pressure Sensors 3–356. . . . . . . . . .

AN1638 Offset Calibration of Gauge PressureSensor Using Parallel I/O Ports 3–359. . . . . . . .

AN1645 Micromachined ElectromechanicalSensors for Automotive Applications 3–373. . .

AN1646 Noise Considerations for IntegratedPressure Sensors 3–379. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AN1651 ASB201 — UncompensatedSeries Sensor Module 3–385. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AN1652 ASB202 — MPX2000Series Sensor Module 3–391. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AN1653 ASB205 — MPX5000Series Sensor Module 3–397. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AN1654 ASB210 — 10″ H2O Sensor Module 3–402. . . . . AN1655 ASB200 — Motorola Sensor

Development Controller Board 3–407. . . . . . . . AN1660 Compound Coefficient Pressure Sensor

PSPICE Models 3–420. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AN1668 Washing Appliance Sensor Selection 3–427. . . . .

Case Outlines 3–432. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Reference InformationMarking Information for Pressure Sensors 3–442. . . . . . . . Pinout Diagrams for Pressure Sensors 3–443. . . . . . . . . . Reference Tables 3–444. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mounting and Handling Suggestions 3–446. . . . . . . . . . . . Connectors for MPX Pressure Sensors 3–447. . . . . . . . . . Standard Warranty Clause 3–448. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Glossary of Terms 3–449. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Symbols, Terms, and Definitions 3–452. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION FOUR — Pressure Range and Device Index

Pressure Range Index 4–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Device Index 4–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION FIVE — Smoke Integrated Circuits


Data SheetsMC14467–1 5–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC14468 5–9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC145010 5–15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC145011 5–25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC145012 5–35. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC145013 5–45. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC145017 5–55. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC145018 5–61. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Case Outlines 5–67. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION SIX — Evaluation Boards

Sensor Evaluation Board Information 6–2. . . . . . . . . . . . .

1–1Motorola Sensor Device Data

��

Section One

Introduction:This version of the Sensor Products Device Data Hand-

book is organized to provide easy reference to sensor deviceinformation. We have reorganized the book based upon yourrecommendations with our goal to make designing in pres-sure, acceleration and smoke ICs easy, and if you do havea question, you’ll have access to the technical supportyou need.

The handbook is organized by product line, acceleration,pressure and smoke ICs. Once in a section, you’ll find a glos-sary of terms, a list of frequently asked questions or otherrelevant data. If you have recommendations for improve-ment, please complete the comment card and return it to usor, feel free to call our Sensor Device Data Handbook hot lineand we’ll personally record your comments. The hot linenumber is 602/244–5568. We look forward to hearingfrom you!

The WWW Connection 1–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Distributors and Sales Offices 1–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Quality and Reliability 1–8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Overview 1–8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Reliability Issues for Silicon Pressure Sensors 1–9. . . .

Soldering Precautions 1–16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Pressure Sensors 1–17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Electrostatic Process Control 1–17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Statistical Process Control 1–19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Test Results 1–23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Accelerometer 1–23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Media Compatability Overview 1–24. . . . . . . . . . . . .

1–2 Motorola Sensor Device Data

General Information

THE SENSOR WORLDWIDE WEB CONNECTIONMotorola sensor products maintains an Internet URL or website on the Semiconductor Products

Sector web server. The sensor family homepage address is http://www.motorola.com/sps/senseon.This address will take you immediately to the sensor site with access to other Motorola productgroups.

We want to make this website entertaining as well as informative with a variety of informationavailable. You’ll find information on each sensor product (acceleration, pressure and smoke ICs)as well as access to data sheets, pricing, SPICE models as available, product and applicationsphotography, new product information and news about our growing sensor family. Information iscontinuously added to improve the value of our website as we envision it as a tool in your library ofproduct and design references. We encourage your comments and suggestions. To let us knowyour feed back, simply email Carol Smith, ([email protected]).


10/1/98

MOTOROLA AUTHORIZED DISTRIBUTOR & WORLDWIDE SALES OFFICESNORTH AMERICAN DISTRIBUTORS

UNITED STATES

ALABAMAHuntsville

Allied Electronics, Inc. (205)721–3500. . . . . . . . Arrow Electronics (205)837–6955. . . . . . . . . . . . FAI (205)837–9209. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (205)830–2322. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (205)837–8700. . . . . . . . . . . Newark (205)837–9091. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wyle Electronics (205)830–1119. . . . . . . . . . . . .

MobileAllied Electronics, Inc. (334)476–1875. . . . . . . .

ARIZONAPhoenix

Allied Electronics, Inc. (602)831–2002. . . . . . . . FAI (602)731–4661. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (602)968–7140. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (602)736–7000. . . . . . . . . . . Wyle Electronics (602)804–7000. . . . . . . . . . . . .

TempeArrow Electronics (602)966–6600. . . . . . . . . . . . Newark (602)966–6340. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PENSTOCK (602)967–1620. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ARKANSASLittle Rock

Newark (501)225–8130. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CALIFORNIAAgoura Hills

Future Electronics (818)865–0040. . . . . . . . . . . . Calabassas

Arrow Electronics (818)880–9686. . . . . . . . . . . . Wyle Electronics (818)880–9000. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Culver CityHamilton/Hallmark (310)558–2000. . . . . . . . . . .

IrvineArrow Electronics (714)587–0404. . . . . . . . . . . . Arrow Zeus (714)581–4622. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FAI (714)753–4778. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (714)453–1515. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (714)789–4100. . . . . . . . . . . Wyle Laboratories Corporate (714)753–9953. . Wyle Electronics (714)789–9953. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Los AngelesFAI (818)879–1234. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Manhattan BeachPENSTOCK (310)546–8953. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Newberry ParkPENSTOCK (805)375–6680. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Orange CountyAllied Electronics, Inc. (714)727–3010. . . . . . . .

Palo AltoNewark (650)812–6300. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rancho CordovaWyle Electronics (916)638–5282. . . . . . . . . . . . .

RiversideAllied Electronics, Inc. (909)980–6522. . . . . . . . Newark (909)980–2105. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

RocklinHamilton/Hallmark (916)632–4500. . . . . . . . . . .

RosevilleWyle Electronics (916)783–9953. . . . . . . . . . . . .

SacramentoAllied Electronics, Inc. (916)632–3104. . . . . . . . FAI (916)782–7882. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Newark (916)565–1760. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

San DiegoAllied Electronics, Inc. (619)279–2550. . . . . . . . Arrow Electronics (619)565–4800. . . . . . . . . . . . FAI (619)623–2888. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (619)625–2800. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (619)571–7540. . . . . . . . . . . Newark (619)453–8211. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PENSTOCK (619)623–9100. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wyle Electronics (619)558–6600. . . . . . . . . . . . .

San Fernando ValleyAllied Electronics, Inc. (818)598–0130. . . . . . . .

CALIFORNIA – continuedSan Jose

Allied Electronics, Inc. (408)383–0366. . . . . . . . Arrow Electronics (408)441–9700. . . . . . . . . . . . Arrow Electronics (408)428–6400. . . . . . . . . . . . Arrow Zeus (408)629–4789. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FAI (408)434–0369. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (408)434–1122. . . . . . . . . . . .

Santa ClaraWyle Electronics (408)727–2500. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Santa Fe SpringsNewark (562)929–9722. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sierra MadrePENSTOCK (818)355–6775. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SunnyvaleHamilton/Hallmark (408)435–3600. . . . . . . . . . . PENSTOCK (408)730–0300. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Thousand OaksNewark (805)449–1480. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Woodland HillsHamilton/Hallmark (818)594–0404. . . . . . . . . . .

COLORADOLakewood

FAI (303)237–1400. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (303)232–2008. . . . . . . . . . . .

DenverAllied Electronics, Inc. (303)790–1664. . . . . . . . Newark (303)373–4540. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

EnglewoodArrow Electronics (303)799–0258. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (303)790–1662. . . . . . . . . . . PENSTOCK (303)799–7845. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ThorntonWyle Electronics (303)457–9953. . . . . . . . . . . . .

CONNECTICUTBloomfield

Newark (860)243–1731. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cheshire

Allied Electronics, Inc. (203)272–7730. . . . . . . . FAI (203)250–1319. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (203)250–0083. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (203)271–5700. . . . . . . . . . .

WallingfordArrow Electronics (203)265–7741. . . . . . . . . . . . Wyle Electronics (203)269–8077. . . . . . . . . . . . .

FLORIDAAltamonte Springs

Future Electronics (407)865–7900. . . . . . . . . . . . Clearwater

FAI (813)530–1665. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (813)530–1222. . . . . . . . . . . .

Deerfield BeachArrow Electronics (305)429–8200. . . . . . . . . . . . Wyle Electronics (954)420–0500. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ft. LauderdaleFAI (954)428–9494. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (954)426–4043. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (954)677–3500. . . . . . . . . . . Newark (954)486–1151. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

JacksonvilleAllied Electronics, Inc. (904)739–5920. . . . . . . . Newark (904)399–5041. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lake MaryArrow Electronics (407)333–9300. . . . . . . . . . . . Arrow Zeus (407)333–3055. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Largo/Tampa/St. PetersburgHamilton/Hallmark (813)507–5000. . . . . . . . . . . Newark (813)287–1578. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wyle Electronics (813)576–3004. . . . . . . . . . . . .

MiamiAllied Electronics, Inc. (305)558–2511. . . . . . . .

MaitlandWyle Electronics (407)740–7450. . . . . . . . . . . . .

OrlandoAllied Electronics, Inc. (407)539–0055. . . . . . . . FAI (407)865–9555. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Newark (407)896–8350. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FLORIDA – continuedTallahassee

FAI (904)668–7772. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tampa

Allied Electronics, Inc. (813)579–4660. . . . . . . . Newark (813)287–1578. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PENSTOCK (813)247–7556. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Winter ParkHamilton/Hallmark (407)657–3300. . . . . . . . . . . PENSTOCK (407)672–1114. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

GEORGIAAtlanta

Allied Electronics, Inc. (770)497–9544. . . . . . . . FAI (404)447–4767. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DuluthArrow Electronics (404)497–1300. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (770)623–4400. . . . . . . . . . .

NorcrossFuture Electronics (770)441–7676. . . . . . . . . . . . Newark (770)448–1300. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PENSTOCK (770)734–9990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wyle Electronics (770)441–9045. . . . . . . . . . . . .

IDAHOBoise


ILLINOISAddison

Wyle Laboratories (708)620–0969. . . . . . . . . . . . Arlington Heights

Hamilton/Hallmark (847)797–7300. . . . . . . . . . . Chicago

Allied Electronics, Inc. (North) (847)548–9330. . Allied Electronics, Inc. (South) (708)535–0038. . FAI (708)843–0034. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Newark Electronics Corp. (773)784–5100. . . . .

Hoffman EstatesFuture Electronics (708)882–1255. . . . . . . . . . . .

ItascaArrow Electronics (708)250–0500. . . . . . . . . . . . Arrow Zeus (630)595–9730. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

LombardNewark (630)317–1000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

PalatinePENSTOCK (708)934–3700. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

RockfordAllied Electronics, Inc. (815)636–1010. . . . . . . . Newark (815)229–0225. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SpringfieldNewark (217)787–9972. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Wood DaleAllied Electronics, Inc. (630)860–0007. . . . . . . .

INDIANAIndianapolis

Allied Electronics, Inc. (317)571–1880. . . . . . . . Arrow Electronics (317)299–2071. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (317)575–3500. . . . . . . . . . . FAI (317)469–0441. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (317)469–0447. . . . . . . . . . . . Newark (317)844–0047. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wyle Electronics (317)581–6152. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ft. WayneNewark (219)484–0766. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PENSTOCK (219)432–1277. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

IOWABettendorf

Newark (319)359–3711. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cedar Rapids

Allied Electronics, Inc. (319)390–5730. . . . . . . . Newark (319)393–3800. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

KANSASKansas City


LenexaArrow Electronics (913)541–9542. . . . . . . . . . . . .


10/1/98

AUTHORIZED DISTRIBUTORS – continuedUNITED STATES – continued

KANSAS – continuedOlathe

PENSTOCK (913)829–9330. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overland Park

Future Electronics (913)649–1531. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (913)663–7900. . . . . . . . . . . Newark (913)677–0727. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

KENTUCKYLouisville


LOUISIANANew Orleans


MARYLANDBaltimore


ColumbiaArrow Electronics (301)596–7800. . . . . . . . . . . . Arrow Zeus (410)309–1541. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (410)290–0600. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (410)720–3400. . . . . . . . . . . PENSTOCK (410)290–3746. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wyle Electronics (410)312–4844. . . . . . . . . . . . .

HanoverNewark (410)712–6922. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MASSACHUSETTSBedford

Wyle Electronics (781)271–9953. . . . . . . . . . . . . Boston

Allied Electronics, Inc. (617)255–0361. . . . . . . . Arrow Electronics (508)658–0900. . . . . . . . . . . . FAI (508)779–3111. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Newark 1–800–4NEWARK. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

BoltonFuture Corporate (978)779–3000. . . . . . . . . . . . .

BurlingtonPENSTOCK (617)229–9100. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

LowellNewark (978)551–4300. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

PeabodyAllied Electronics, Inc. (508)538–2401. . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (508)532–3701. . . . . . . . . . .

WilmingtonArrow Zeus (978)658–4776. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

WorchesterNewark (508)229–2200. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MICHIGANDetroit

Allied Electronics, Inc. (313)416–9300. . . . . . . . FAI (313)513–0015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (616)698–6800. . . . . . . . . . . .

Grand RapidsAllied Electronics, Inc. (616)365–9960. . . . . . . . Newark (616)954–6700. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

LivoniaArrow Electronics (810)455–0850. . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (313)261–5270. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (313)416–5800. . . . . . . . . . .

NoviWyle Electronics (248)374–9953. . . . . . . . . . . . .

SaginawNewark (517)799–0480. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TroyNewark (248)583–2899. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MINNESOTABloomington

Wyle Electronics (612)853–2280. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Burnsville

PENSTOCK (612)882–7630. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eden Prairie

Arrow Electronics (612)941–5280. . . . . . . . . . . . FAI (612)947–0909. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (612)944–2200. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (612)881–2600. . . . . . . . . . .

MINNESOTA – continuedMinneapolis


MISSISSIPPIJackson

Newark (601)956–3834. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MISSOURI

Earth CityHamilton/Hallmark (314)770–6300. . . . . . . . . . .

St. LouisAllied Electronics, Inc. (314)240–9405. . . . . . . . Arrow Electronics (314)567–6888. . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (314)469–6805. . . . . . . . . . . . FAI (314)542–9922. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Newark (314)991–0400. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

NEBRASKAOmaha


NEVADALas Vegas

Allied Electronics, Inc. (702)258–1087. . . . . . . . Wyle Electronics (702)765–7117. . . . . . . . . . . . .

NEW JERSEYBridgewater

PENSTOCK (908)575–9490. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . East Brunswick


FairfieldFAI (201)331–1133. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MarltonArrow Electronics (609)596–8000. . . . . . . . . . . . FAI (609)988–1500. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (609)596–4080. . . . . . . . . . . .

Mt. LaurelHamilton/Hallmark (609)222–6400. . . . . . . . . . . Wyle Electronics (609)439–9110. . . . . . . . . . . . .

OradellWyle Electronics (201)261–3200. . . . . . . . . . . . .

PinebrookArrow Electronics (201)227–7880. . . . . . . . . . . . Wyle Electronics (973)882–8358. . . . . . . . . . . . .

ParsippanyFuture Electronics (201)299–0400. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (201)515–1641. . . . . . . . . . .

NEW MEXICOAlbuquerque

Allied Electronics, Inc. (505)266–7565. . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (505)293–5119. . . . . . . . . . . Newark (505)828–1878. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

NEW YORKAlbany

Newark (518)489–1963. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Buffalo

Newark (716)631–2311. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Great Neck

Allied Electronics, Inc. (516)487–5211. . . . . . . . Hauppauge

Allied Electronics, Inc. (516)234–0485. . . . . . . . Arrow Electronics (516)231–1000. . . . . . . . . . . . FAI (516)348–3700. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (516)234–4000. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (516)434–7400. . . . . . . . . . . Newark (516)567–4200. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PENSTOCK (516)724–9580. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wyle Electronics (516)231–7850. . . . . . . . . . . . .

HenriettaWyle Electronics (716)334–5970. . . . . . . . . . . . .

KonkomaHamilton/Hallmark (516)737–0600. . . . . . . . . . .

PittsfordNewark (716)381–4244. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

PoughkeepsieAllied Electronics, Inc. (914)452–1470. . . . . . . . Newark (914)298–2810. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

PurchaseArrow Zeus (914)701–7400. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

NEW YORK – continuedRochester

Allied Electronics, Inc. (716)292–1670. . . . . . . . Arrow Electronics (716)427–0300. . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (716)387–9550. . . . . . . . . . . . FAI (716)387–9600. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (716)272–2740. . . . . . . . . . .

SyracuseAllied Electronics, Inc. (315)446–7411. . . . . . . . FAI (315)451–4405. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (315)451–2371. . . . . . . . . . . . Newark (315)457–4873. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

NORTH CAROLINACharlotte

Allied Electronics, Inc. (704)525–0300. . . . . . . . FAI (704)548–9503. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (704)547–1107. . . . . . . . . . . . Newark (704)535–5650. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

GreensboroNewark (910)294–2142. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MorrisvilleWyle Electronics (919)469–1502. . . . . . . . . . . . .

RaleighAllied Electronics, Inc. (919)876–5845. . . . . . . . Arrow Electronics (919)876–3132. . . . . . . . . . . . FAI (919)876–0088. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (919)790–7111. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (919)872–0712. . . . . . . . . . .

OHIOCenterville

Arrow Electronics (513)435–5563. . . . . . . . . . . . Cincinnati


ClevelandAllied Electronics, Inc. (216)831–4900. . . . . . . . FAI (216)446–0061. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Newark (216)391–9330. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ColumbusAllied Electronics, Inc. (614)785–1270. . . . . . . . Newark (614)326–0352. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DaytonFAI (513)427–6090. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (513)426–0090. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (513)439–6735. . . . . . . . . . . Newark (937)294–8980. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mayfield HeightsFuture Electronics (216)449–6996. . . . . . . . . . . .

MiamisburgWyle Electronics (937)436–9953. . . . . . . . . . . . .

SolonArrow Electronics (216)248–3990. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (216)498–1100. . . . . . . . . . . Wyle Electronics (440)248–9996. . . . . . . . . . . . .

ToledoNewark (419)866–0404. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

WorthingtonHamilton/Hallmark (614)888–3313. . . . . . . . . . .

OKLAHOMAOklahoma City

Newark (405)943–3700. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tulsa

Allied Electronics, Inc. (918)250–4505. . . . . . . . FAI (918)492–1500. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (918)459–6000. . . . . . . . . . .

OREGONBeaverton

Arrow/Almac Electronics Corp. (503)629–8090. Future Electronics (503)645–9454. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (503)526–6200. . . . . . . . . . .

PortlandAllied Electronics, Inc. (503)626–9921. . . . . . . . FAI (503)297–5020. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Newark (503)297–1984. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PENSTOCK (503)646–1670. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wyle Electronics (503)598–9953. . . . . . . . . . . . .


10/1/98

AUTHORIZED DISTRIBUTORS – continuedUNITED STATES – continuedPENNSYLVANIA

AllentownNewark (610)434–7171. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chadds FordAllied Electronics, Inc. (610)388–8455. . . . . . . .

CoatesvillePENSTOCK (610)383–9536. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ft. WashingtonNewark (215)654–1434. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

HarrisburgAllied Electronics, Inc. (717)540–7101. . . . . . . .

PhiladelphiaAllied Electronics, Inc. (609)234–7769. . . . . . . .

PittsburghAllied Electronics, Inc. (412)931–2774. . . . . . . . Arrow Electronics (412)963–6807. . . . . . . . . . . . Newark (412)788–4790. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SOUTH CAROLINAGreenville


TENNESSEEKnoxville

Newark (423)588–6493. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Memphis

Newark (901)396–7970. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TEXAS

AustinAllied Electronics, Inc. (512)219–7171. . . . . . . . Arrow Electronics (512)835–4180. . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (512)502–0991. . . . . . . . . . . . FAI (512)346–6426. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (512)219–3700. . . . . . . . . . . Newark (512)338–0287. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PENSTOCK (512)346–9762. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wyle Electronics (512)833–9953. . . . . . . . . . . . .

BenbrookPENSTOCK (817)249–0442. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

BrownsvilleAllied Electronics, Inc. (210)548–1129. . . . . . . .

CarrolltonArrow Electronics (972)380–6464. . . . . . . . . . . . Arrow Zeus (972)380–4330. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DallasAllied Electronics, Inc. (214)341–8444. . . . . . . . FAI (972)231–7195. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (972)437–2437. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (214)553–4300. . . . . . . . . . . Newark (972)458–2528. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

El PasoAllied Electronics, Inc. (915)779–6294. . . . . . . . FAI (915)577–9531. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Newark (915)772–6367. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ft. WorthAllied Electronics, Inc. (817)595–3500. . . . . . . .

HoustonAllied Electronics, Inc. (281)446–8005. . . . . . . . Arrow Electronics (281)647–6868. . . . . . . . . . . . FAI (713)952–7088. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (713)785–1155. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (713)781–6100. . . . . . . . . . . Newark (281)894–9334. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wyle Electronics (713)784–9953. . . . . . . . . . . . .

RichardsonPENSTOCK (972)479–9215. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wyle Electronics (972)235–9953. . . . . . . . . . . . .

San AntonioFAI (210)738–3330. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

UTAHDraper

Wyle Electronics (801)523–2335. . . . . . . . . . . . . Salt Lake City

Allied Electronics, Inc. (801)261–5244. . . . . . . . Arrow Electronics (801)973–6913. . . . . . . . . . . . FAI (801)467–9696. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (801)467–4448. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (801)266–2022. . . . . . . . . . . Newark (801)261–5660. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

West Valley CityWyle Electronics (801)974–9953. . . . . . . . . . . . .

VIRGINIAHerndon

Newark (703)707–9010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Richmond

Newark (804)282–5671. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Springfield

Allied Electronics, Inc. (703)644–9515. . . . . . . . Virginia Beach

Allied Electronics, Inc. (757)363–8662. . . . . . . . WASHINGTON

BellevueAlmac Electronics Corp. (206)643–9992. . . . . . PENSTOCK (206)454–2371. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

BothellFuture Electronics (206)489–3400. . . . . . . . . . . .

KirklandNewark (425)814–6230. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

RedmondHamilton/Hallmark (206)882–7000. . . . . . . . . . . Wyle Electronics (425)881–1150. . . . . . . . . . . . .

SeattleAllied Electronics, Inc. (206)251–0240. . . . . . . . FAI (206)485–6616. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SpokaneNewark (509)327–1935. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

WISCONSINBrookfield

Arrow Electronics (414)792–0150. . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (414)879–0244. . . . . . . . . . . . Wyle Electronics (414)879–0434. . . . . . . . . . . . .

MadisonNewark (608)278–0177. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MilwaukeeAllied Electronics, Inc. (414)796–1280. . . . . . . . FAI (414)792–9778. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

New BerlinHamilton/Hallmark (414)780–7200. . . . . . . . . . .

WauwatosaNewark (414)453–9100. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CANADAALBERTA

CalgaryFAI (403)291–5333. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (403)250–5550. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (800)663–5500. . . . . . . . . . . Newark (800)463–9275. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

EdmontonFAI (403)438–5888. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (403)438–2858. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (800)663–5500. . . . . . . . . . . Newark (800)463–9275. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SaskatchewanHamilton/Hallmark (800)663–5500. . . . . . . . . . .

BRITISH COLUMBIAVancouver

Allied Electronics, Inc. (604)420–9691. . . . . . . . Arrow Electronics (604)421–2333. . . . . . . . . . . . FAI (604)654–1050. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (604)294–1166. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (604)420–4101. . . . . . . . . . . Newark (800)463–9275. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MANITOBAWinnipeg

FAI (204)786–3075. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (204)944–1446. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (800)663–5500. . . . . . . . . . . Newark (800)463–9275. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ONTARIOKanata

PENSTOCK (613)592–6088. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . London

Newark (519)685–4280. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mississauga

PENSTOCK (905)403–0724. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Newark (905)670–2888. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

OttawaAllied Electronics, Inc. (613)228–1964. . . . . . . . Arrow Electronics (613)226–6903. . . . . . . . . . . . FAI (613)820–8244. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (613)727–1800. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (613)226–1700. . . . . . . . . . .

TorontoArrow Electronics (905)670–7769. . . . . . . . . . . . FAI (905)612–9888. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (905)612–9200. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (905)564–6060. . . . . . . . . . . Newark (905)670–2888. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

QUEBECMontreal

Arrow Electronics (514)421–7411. . . . . . . . . . . . FAI (514)694–8157. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (514)694–7710. . . . . . . . . . . . Hamilton/Hallmark (514)335–1000. . . . . . . . . . .

Mt. RoyalNewark (514)738–4488. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Quebec CityArrow Electronics (418)687–4231. . . . . . . . . . . . FAI (418)682–5775. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (418)877–6666. . . . . . . . . . . .


10/1/98

INTERNATIONAL DISTRIBUTORSARGENTINA

Electrocomponentes (5–41) 375–3366. . . . . . . . Elko (5–41) 372–1101. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AUSTRALIAAvnet VSI Electronics (Aust.) (61)2 9878–1299. . . . . Farnell (61)2 9645–8888. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Veltek Australia Pty. Ltd. (61)3 9574–9300. . . .

AUSTRIAEBV Elektronik (43) 189152–0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Farnell (49) 8961 393939. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SEI/Elbatex GmbH (43) 1 866420. . . . . . . . . . . . Spoerle Electronic (43) 1 360460. . . . . . . . . . . . .

BELGIUMEBV Elektronik (32) 2 716 0010. . . . . . . . . . . . . Farnell (32) 3 227 3647. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SEI/Belgium (32) 2 460 0747. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spoerle Electronic (32) 2 725 4660. . . . . . . . . . .

BRAZILFarnell (5511) 445–7400. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future (019) 235–1511. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intertek (011) 266–2922. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Karimex (011) 524–2366. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Masktrade (011) 3361–2766. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Panamericana (011) 223–0222. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Siletek (011) 536–4401. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tec (011) 5505–2046. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Teleradio (011) 574–0788. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

BULGARIAMacro Group (359) 2708140. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CHINAArrow Asia/Pac Ltd (852)2 484–2113. . . . . . . . . . Avnet WKK Components Ltd. (852)2 357–8888. . . . . China El. App. Corp. Beijing (86)10 6828–9951. . . . Future Advanced Electronics Ltd. (852)2 305–3633. . Nanco Electronics Supply Ltd. (852)2 765–3025. Qing Cheng Enterprises Ltd. (852)2 493–4202. .

CZECH REPUBLICEBV Elektronik (420) 2 90022101. . . . . . . . . . . . Spoerle Electronic (420) 2 71737173. . . . . . . . . . SEI/Elbatex (420) 2 4763707. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Macro Group (420) 2 3412182. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DENMARKArrow Denmark A/S (45) 44 508200. . . . . . . . . . A/S Avnet EMG (45) 44 880800. . . . . . . . . . . . . . EBV Elektronik – Soeborg (45) 39690511. . . . . . EBV Elektronik – Abyhoj (45) 86250466. . . . . . . Future Electronics (45) 961 00 961. . . . . . . . . . .

ESTONIAArrow Field Eesti (372) 6503288. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Avnet Baltronic (372) 6397000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FINLANDArrow Finland (358) 9 476660. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Avnet Nortek (358) 9 613181. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EBV Elektronik (358) 9 8557730. . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (358) 9 345 5400. . . . . . . . . .

FRANCEArrow Electronique (33) 1 49 78 49 78. . . . . . . . Avnet (33) 1 49 65 27 00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EBV Elektronik (33) 1 40963000. . . . . . . . . . . . . Farnell (33) 474 659466. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (33) 1 69821111. . . . . . . . . . . Newark (33) 1 30954060. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sonepar Electronique (33) 1 69 19 89 00. . . . . .

GERMANYAvnet EMG (49) 89 4511001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EBV Elektronik GmbH (49) 89 99114–0. . . . . . . Farnell (49) 89 61 393939. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics GmbH (49) 89–957 270. . . . SEI/Jermyn GmbH (49) 6431–5080. . . . . . . . . . Newark (49)2154–70011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sasco Semiconductor (49) 89–46110. . . . . . . . . Spoerle Electronic (49) 6103–304–0. . . . . . . . . .

GREECEEBV Elektronik (30) 13414300. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

HONG KONGAvnet WKK Components Ltd. (852)2 357–8888. . . . . Farnell (65) 788–0200. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Advanced Electronics Ltd. (852)2 305–3633. . Nanco Electronics Supply Ltd. (852)2 333–5121. . . . Qing Cheng Enterprises Ltd. (852)2 493–4202.

HUNGARYEBV Elektronik KFT (36) 1 4313 495. . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (36) 1 2240 510. . . . . . . . . . . Macro Group (36) 1 2030 277. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SEI/Elbatex (36) 1 1409 194. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spoerle Electronic (36) 1 1294 202. . . . . . . . . . .

INDIAMax India Ltd 0091 11 625–0250. . . . . . . . . . . . .

INDONESIAP.T. Ometraco (62) 21 619–6166. . . . . . . . . . . . .

IRELANDArrow Electronics (353) 14595540. . . . . . . . . . . EBV Elektronik (353) 14564034. . . . . . . . . . . . . Farnell (353) 18309277. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (353) 6541330. . . . . . . . . . . . . Macro Group (353) 16766904. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ISRAELFuture Israel Ltd. (972) 9 9586555. . . . . . . . . . . .

ITALYAvnet EMG (39) 02 381901. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EBV Elektronik (39) 02 66096290. . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (39) 02 660941. . . . . . . . . . . . Silverstar LTD (39) 02 661251. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

JAPANAMSC Co., Ltd. 81–422–54–6800. . . . . . . . . . . . Fuji Electronics Co., Ltd. 81–3–3814–1411. . . . Marubun Corporation 81–3–3639–8951. . . . . . . OMRON Corporation 81–3–3779–9053. . . . . . . Tokyo Electron Device Ltd. 81–45–474–7030. .

KOREAJung Kwang Semiconductors Ltd. 82–2–278–5333. . Liteon Korea Ltd 82–2–650–9700. . . . . . . . . . . . Nasco Co. Ltd 82–2–3772–6810. . . . . . . . . . . . .

LATVIAAvnet Baltronic Ltd. (371) 8821118. . . . . . . . . . . Macro Group (371) 7313195. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

LITHUANIAMacro Group (370) 7764937. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MALAYSIAFarnell (60) 3 773–8000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Strong Electronics (60) 4 656–3768. . . . . . . . . . . Ultro Technologies Pte. Ltd. (65) 545–7811. . . .

MEXICOAvnet (3) 632–0182. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dicopel (5) 705–7422. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future (3) 122–0043. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Semiconductores Profesionales (5) 658–6011. . . . . . . Steren (5) 325–0925. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

NETHERLANDSHOLLANDEBV Elektronik (31) 3465 83010. . . . . . . . . . . . . Farnell (31) 30 241 2323. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (31) 76 544 4888. . . . . . . . . . SEI/Benelux B.V. (31) 7657 22500. . . . . . . . . . . . Spoerle Electronics – Nieuwegen (31) 3060 91234. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spoerle Electronics – Veldhoven (31) 4025 45430. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

NEW ZEALANDArrow Components NZ Ltd (64)4 570–2260. . . Avnet Pacific Ltd (64)9 636–7801. . . . . . . . . . . . Farnell (64)9 357–0646. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

NORWAYArrow Tahonic A/S (47) 2237 8440. . . . . . . . . . . A/S Avnet EMG (47) 6677 3600. . . . . . . . . . . . . . EBV Elektronik (47) 2267 1780. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (47) 2290 5800. . . . . . . . . . . .

PHILIPPINESAlexan Commercial (63) 2241–9493. . . . . . . . . Ultro Technologies Pte. Ltd (65) 545–7811. . . . .

POLANDEBV Elektronik (48) 713 422944. . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (48) 22 61 89202. . . . . . . . . . Macro Group (48) 22 224337. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SEI/Elbatex (48) 22 6217122. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spoerle Electronic (48) 22 6465227. . . . . . . . . . .

PORTUGALAmitron Arrow (35) 11471 4182. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Farnell (44) 113289 0040. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SEI/Selco (35) 12973 8203. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ROMANIAMacro Group (401) 6343129. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

RUSSIAEBV Elektronik (7) 095 9761176. . . . . . . . . . . . . Macro Group – Moscow (7) 095 30600266. . . . . Macro Group – St. Petersburg (7) 81 25311476. . . . .

SCOTLANDEBV Elektronik (44) 141 4202070. . . . . . . . . . . . Future (44) 141 9413999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SINGAPOREFarnell (65) 788–0200. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (65) 479–1300. . . . . . . . . . . . . Strong Pte. Ltd (65) 276–3996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Uraco Technologies Pte Ltd. (65) 545–7811. . . .

SLOVAKIAMacro Group (42) 89634181. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SEI/Elbatex (42) 17295007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SLOVENIAEBV Elektronik (386) 611 330216. . . . . . . . . . . . SEI/Elbatex (386) 611 597198. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

S. AFRICAAvnet–ASD (27) 11 4442333. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reutech Components (27) 11 3972992. . . . . . .

SPAINAmitron Arrow (34) 91 304 3040. . . . . . . . . . . . . EBV Elektronik (34) 91 804 3256. . . . . . . . . . . . Farnell (44) 113 231 0447. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SEI/Selco S.A. (34) 1 637 10 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SWEDENArrow–Th:s AB (46) 8 56265500. . . . . . . . . . . . . Avnet EMG AB (46) 8 629 14 00. . . . . . . . . . . . . EBV Elektronik (46) 405 92100. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Farnell (46) 8 730 5000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics (46) 8 441 5470. . . . . . . . . . .

SWITZERLANDEBV Elektronik (41) 1 7456161. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Farnell (41) 1204 6464. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SEI/Elbatex AG (41) 56 4375111. . . . . . . . . . . . . Spoerle Electronic (41) 1 8746262. . . . . . . . . . . .

TAIWANAvnet–Mercuries Co., Ltd (886)2 516–7303. . . Solomon Technology Corp. (886)2 788–8989. . Strong Electronics Co. Ltd. (886)2 917–9917. .

THAILANDSahapiphat Ltd. (662) 237–9474. . . . . . . . . . . . . Ultro Technologies Pte. Ltd. (65) 540–8328. . . .

TURKEYEBV Elektronik (90) 216 4631352. . . . . . . . . . . .

UNITED KINGDOMArrow Electronics (UK) Ltd (44) 1 234 270027. . Avnet EMG (44) 1 438 788300. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EBV Elektronik (44) 1 628 783688. . . . . . . . . . . Farnell (44) 1 132 636311. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future Electronics Ltd. (44) 1 753 763000. . . . . Macro Group (44) 1 628 606000. . . . . . . . . . . . . Newark (44) 1 420 543333. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


10/1/98

MOTOROLA WORLDWIDE SALES OFFICESUNITED STATES

ALABAMAHuntsville (205)464–6800. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ALASKA (800)635–8291. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ARIZONA

Phoenix (602)302–8056. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CALIFORNIA

Calabasas (818)878–6800. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Irvine (714)753–7360. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Los Angeles (818)878–6800. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . San Diego (619)541–2163. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sunnyvale (408)749–0510. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

COLORADODenver (303)337–3434. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CONNECTICUTWallingford (203)949–4100. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FLORIDAClearwater (813)524–4177. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Maitland (407)628–2636. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pompano Beach/Ft. Lauderdale (954)351–6040. . . . .

GEORGIAAtlanta (770)729–7100. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

IDAHOBoise (208)323–9413. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ILLINOISChicago/Schaumburg (847)413–2500. . . . . . . . .

INDIANAIndianapolis (317)571–0400. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kokomo (765)455–5100. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

KANSASKansas City/Mission (913)451–8555. . . . . . . . . .

MARYLANDColumbia (410)381–1570. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MASSACHUSETTSMarlborough (508)357–8207. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Woburn (781)932–9700. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MICHIGANDetroit (248)347–6800. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MINNESOTAMinnetonka (612)932–1500. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MISSOURISt. Louis (314)275–7380. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

NEW JERSEYFairfield (973)808–2400. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

NEW YORKFairport (716)425–4000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fishkill (914)896–0511. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hauppauge (516)361–7000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

NORTH CAROLINARaleigh (919)870–4355. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

OHIOCleveland (440)349–3100. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Columbus/Worthington (614)431–8492. . . . . . . . Dayton (937)438–6800. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

OREGONPortland (503)641–3681. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

PENNSYLVANIAColmar (215)997–1020. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Philadelphia/Horsham (215)957–4100. . . . . . . .

TENNESSEEKnoxville (423)584–4841. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TEXASAustin (512)502–2100. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Houston (281)251–0006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plano (972)516–5100. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

WASHINGTONBellevue (425)454–4160. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seattle (toll free) (206)622–9960. . . . . . . . . . . . .

WISCONSINMilwaukee/Brookfield (414)792–0122. . . . . . . . .

Field Applications Engineering AvailableThrough All Sales Offices

CANADA

ALBERTACalgary (403)216–2190. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

BRITISH COLUMBIAVancouver (604)606–8502. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ONTARIOOttawa (613)226–3491. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mississauga (905)501–3500. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

QUEBECMontreal (514)333–3300. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

INTERNATIONAL

AUSTRALIAMelbourne (61–3)9887 0711. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sydney (61–2)9437 8944. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

BRAZILSao Paulo 55(011)3030–5244. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CHINABeijing 86–10–65642288. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Guangzhou 86–20–87537888. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shanghai 86–21–63747668. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tianjin 86–22–25325050. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CZECH REPUBLIC(420) 2 21852222. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FINLANDHelsinki (358) 9 6866 880. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Direct Sales Lines (358) 9 6866 8844. . . . . . . . .

(358) 9 6866 8845. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FRANCE

Paris 33134 635900. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GERMANY

Langenhagen/Hanover 49(511)786880. . . . . . . Munich 49 89 92103–0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nuremberg 49 911 96–3190. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sindelfingen 49 7031 79 710. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wiesbaden 49 611 973050. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

HONG KONGKwai Fong 852–2–610–6888. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tai Po 852–2–666–8333. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

HUNGARY(36) 1 250 83 29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

INDIABangalore 91–80–5598615. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ISRAELHerzlia 972–9–9522333. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ITALYMilan 39(2)82201. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

JAPANKyusyu 81–92–725–7583. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gotanda 81–3–5487–8311. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nagoya 81–52–232–3500. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Osaka 81–6–305–1801. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sendai 81–22–268–4333. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Takamatsu 81–878–37–9972. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tokyo 81–3–3440–3311. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

KOREAPusan 82(51)4635–035. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seoul 82–2–3440–7200. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MALAYSIAPenang 60(4)228–2514. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MEXICOChihuahua 52(14)39–3120. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mexico City 52(5)282–0230. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Guadalajara 52(36)78–0750. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Zapopan Jalisco 52(36)78–0750. . . . . . . . . . . . . Marketing 52(36)21–2023. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Customer Service 52(36)669–9160. . . . . . . . . . .

NETHERLANDSBest (31)4993 612 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

PHILIPPINESManila (63)2 807–8455. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paranaque (63)2 824–4551. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Salcedo Village (63)2 810–0762. . . . . . . . . . . . .

POLAND(48) 34 27 55 75. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

PUERTO RICORio Piedras (787)282–2300. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

RUSSIA(7) 095 929 90 25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SCOTLANDEast Kilbride (44)1355 565447. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SINGAPORE (65)4818188. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SPAIN

Madrid 34(1)457–8204. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . or 34(1)457–8254. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SWEDENSolna 46(8)734–8800. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SWITZERLANDGeneva 41(22)799 11 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Zurich 41(1)730–4074. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TAIWANTaipei 886(2)717–7089. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

THAILANDBangkok 66(2)254–4910. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TURKEY(90) 212 274 66 48. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

UNITED KINGDOMAylesbury 44 1 (296)395252. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

NORTH AMERICA

FULL LINE REPRESENTATIVES

ARIZONA, TempeS&S Technologies, Inc. (602)414–1100. . . . . . .

CALIFORNIA, LoomisGalena Technology Group (916)652–0268. . . . .

INDIANA, IndianapolisBailey’s Electronics (317)848–9958. . . . . . . . . . .

NEVADA, Clark CountyS&S Technologies, Inc. (602)414–1100. . . . . . .

NEVADA, RenoGalena Tech. Group (702)746–0642. . . . . . . . . .

NEW MEXICO, AlbuquerqueS&S Technologies, Inc. (602)414–1100. . . . . . .

TEXAS, El PasoS&S Technologies, Inc. (915)833–5461. . . . . . .

UTAH, Salt Lake CityUtah Comp. Sales, Inc. (801)572–4010. . . . . . .

WASHINGTON, SpokaneDoug Kenley (509)924–2322. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

NORTH AMERICA

HYBRID/MCM COMPONENT SUPPLIERS

Chip Supply (407)298–7100. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Elmo Semiconductor (818)768–7400. . . . . . . . . Minco Technology Labs Inc. (512)834–2022. . . Semi Dice Inc. (310)594–4631. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Quality and Reliability — OverviewA Major Objective of the Production Cycle

From rigid incoming inspection of piece parts and materials,to stringent outgoing quality verification, the Motorolaassembly and process flow is encompassed by an elaboratesystem of test and inspection stations; stations to ensure astep-by-step adherence to prescribed procedure. Thisproduces the high level of quality for which Motorola isknown . . . from start to finish.

As illustrated in the process flow overview, every majormanufacturing step is followed by an appropriate in-process

quality inspection to insure product conformance tospecification. In addition, Statistical Process Control (S.P.C.)techniques are utilized on all critical processes to insureprocessing equipment is capable of producing the product tothe target specification while minimizing the variability.Quality control in wafer processing, assembly, and final testimpart Motorola sensor products with a level of reliability thateasily exceeds almost all industrial, consumer, and militaryrequirements.

Compensated Sensor Flow Chart

LASER I.D.BINNINGCHECK

INITIALOXIDATION

P+ PHOTORESIST

P+DIFFUSION

RESISTORPHOTORESIST

CAVITYPHOTORESIST

DIE SORTAND LOAD

GEL FILLAND CURE

RESISTORIMPLANT

THIN-FILMMETAL DEP.

WAFERFINAL

VISUAL

CELLMARKING

100%FUNCTIONAL

TEST

EMITTERPHOTORESIST

THIN-FILMMETAL P.R.

CLASSPROBE

DIE BONDAND CURE

FINALVISUAL

EMITTERDIFFUSION

CONTACTPHOTORESIST

WAFERTO WAFER

BOND

WIREBOND

PACK ANDSHIP

FINALOXIDATION

FRONTMETAL

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 9

10 11

13 15 16

17 18 19

20 21 22 23

8

METALPHOTORESIST

12

CAVITYETCH

14

SAW ANDWASH

LASERTRIM


Reliability Issues for Silicon Pressure Sensors

by Theresa Maudie and Bob TuckerSensor Products DivisionRevised June 9, 1997

ABSTRACTReliability testing for silicon pressure sensors is of

greater importance than ever before with the dramaticincrease in sensor usage. This growth is seen in applica-tions replacing mechanical systems, as well as newdesigns. Across all market segments, the expectation forthe highest reliability exists. While sensor demand hasgrown across all of these segments, the substantial increaseof sensing applications in the automotive arena is drivingthe need for improved reliability and test capability. Thepurpose of this paper is to take a closer look at these reli-ability issues for silicon pressure sensors.

INTRODUCTIONDiscussing reliability as it pertains to semiconductor elec-

tronics is certainly not a new subject. However, when devel-oping new technologies like sensors how reliability testingwill be performed is not always obvious. Pressure sensorsare an intriguing dilemma. Since they are electromechanicaldevices, different types of stresses should be considered toinsure the different elements are exercised as they would bein an actual application. In addition, the very differentpackage outlines relative to other standard semiconductorpackages require special fixtures and test set-ups. However,as the sensor marketplace continues to grow, reliabilitytesting becomes more important than ever to insure thatproducts being used across all market segments will meetreliability lifetime expectations.

RELIABILITY DEFINITIONReliability is [1] the probability of a product performing its

intended function over its intended lifetime and under theoperating conditions encountered. The four key elements ofthe definition are probability, performance, lifetime, andoperating conditions. Probability implies that the reliabilitylifetime estimates will be made based on statistical tech-niques where samples are tested to predict the lifetime ofthe manufactured products. Performance is a key in that thesample predicts the performance of the product at a givenpoint in time but the variability in manufacturing must becontrolled so that all devices perform to the same functionallevel. Lifetime is the period of time over which the product isintended to perform. This lifetime could be as small as oneweek in the case of a disposable blood pressure transduceror as long as 15 years for automotive applications. Environ-ment is the area that also plays a key role since the oper-ating conditions of the product can greatly influence thereliability of the product.

Environmental factors that can be seen during the lifetimeof any semiconductor product include temperature, humidity,electric field, magnetic field, current density, pressure differ-ential, vibration, and/or a chemical interaction. Reliabilitytesting is generally formulated to take into account all ofthese potential factors either individually or in multiple

combinations. Once the testing has been completed predic-tions can be made for the intended product customer base.

If a failure would be detected during reliability testing, thecause of the failure can be categorized into one of thefollowing: design, manufacturing, materials, or user. Thepossible impact on the improvements that may need to bemade for a product is influenced by the stage of productdevelopment. If a product undergoes reliability testing earlyin its development phase, the corrective action process cangenerally occur in an expedient manner and at minimumcost. This would be true whether the cause of failure wasattributed to the design, manufacturing, or materials. If areliability failure is detected once the product is in fullproduction, changes can be very difficult to make andgenerally are very costly. This scenario would sometimesresult in a total redesign.

The potential cause for a reliability failure can also beuser induced. This is generally the area that the leastinformation is known, especially for a commodity typemanufacturer that achieves sales through a global distribu-tion network. It is the task of the reliability engineer to bestanticipate the multitudes of environments that a particularproduct might see, and determine the robustness of theproduct by measuring the reliability lifetime parameters.The areas of design, manufacturing, and materials aregenerally well understood by the reliability engineer, butwithout the correct environmental usage, customer satis-faction can suffer from lack of optimization.

RELIABILITY STATISTICSWithout standardization of the semiconductor sensor stan-

dards, the end customer is placed in a situation of possiblejeopardy. If non-standard reliability data is generated andpublished by manufacturers, the information can beperplexing to disseminate and compare. Reliability lifetimestatistics can be confusing for the novice user of the informa-tion, “let the buyer beware”.

The reporting of reliability statistics is generally in terms offailure rate, measured in FITs, or failure rate for one billiondevice hours. In most cases, the underlying assumptionused in reporting either the failure rate or the MTBF is thatthe failures occurring during the reliability test follow an expo-nential life distribution. The inverse of the failure rate is theMTBF, or mean time between failure. The details on thevarious life distributions will not be explored here but the keyconcern about the exponential distribution is that the failurerate over time is constant. Other life distributions, such as thelognormal or Weibull can take on different failure rates overtime, in particular, both distributions can represent a wear outor increasing failure rate that might be seen on a productreaching the limitations on its lifetime or for certain types offailure mechanisms.

The time duration use for the prediction of most reliabilitystatistics is of relatively short duration with respect to theproduct’s lifetime ability and failures are usually notobserved. When a test is terminated after a set number ofhours is achieved, or time censored, and no failures areobserved, the failure rate can be estimated by use of the chi-square distribution which relates observed and expected


frequencies of an event to established confidence intervals.The relationship between failure rate and the chi-squaredistribution is as follows:

�L1 ��2 ��, d.f. �

2t

Where:

λ = failure rateL1 = lower one side confidence limitχ2 = chi–square functionα = risk, (1–confidence level)

d.f. = degrees of freedom = 2 (r + 1)r = number of failurest = device hours

Chi-square values for 60% and 90% confidence intervalsfor up to 12 failures is shown in Table 1.

As indicated by the table, when no failures occur, anestimate for the chi-square distribution interval is obtainable.This interval estimate can then be used to solve for thefailure rate, as shown in the equation above. If no failuresoccur, the failure rate estimate is solely a function of theaccumulated device hours. This estimate can vary dramati-cally as additional device hours are accumulated.

As a means of showing the influence of device hours withno failures on the failure rate value, a graphical representa-tion of cumulative device hours versus the failure ratemeasured in FITs is shown in Figure 1.

A descriptive example between two potential vendors bestserves to demonstrate the point. If vendor A is introducing a

new product and they have put a total of 1,000 parts on ahigh temperature storage test for 500 hours each, theircorresponding cumulative device hours would be 500,000device hours. Vendor B has been in the business for severalyears on the same product and has tested a total of 500,000parts for 10 hours each to the same conditions as part of anin-line burn-in test for a total of 5,000,000 device hours. Thecorresponding failure rate for a 60% confidence level forvendor A would be 1,833 FITs, vendor B would have a FITrate of 183 FITs.

Table 1. Chi-Square Table

Chi-Square Distribution Function

60% Confidence Level 90% Confidence Level

No. Fails χ2 Quantity No. Fails χ2 Quantity

0 1.833 0 4.605

1 4.045 1 7.779

2 6.211 2 10.645

3 8.351 3 13.362

4 10.473 4 15.987

5 12.584 5 18.549

6 14.685 6 21.064

7 16.780 7 23.542

8 18.868 8 25.989

9 20.951 9 28.412

10 23.031 10 30.813

11 25.106 11 33.196

12 27.179 12 35.563

CUMULATIVE DEVICE HOURS, [t]

105

108

107

109

104

100

10

1

0.1

1,000

106

1 10 100 1,000 104 105 106 107 108 109

FAIL

UR

E R

ATE,

[FIT

s]

Figure 1. Depiction of the influence on the cumulative device hours with no failuresand the Failure Rate as measured in FITs.


One could thus imply that the reliability performanceindicates that vendor B has an order of magnitude improve-ment in performance over vendor A with neither one seeingan occurrence of failure during their performance.

The incorrect assumption of a constant failure rate overtime can potentially result in a less reliable device beingdesigned into an application. The reliability testing assump-tions and test methodology between the various vendorsneeds to be critiqued to insure a full understanding of theproduct performance over the intended lifetime, especially inthe case of a new product. Testing to failure and determina-tion of the lifetime statistics is beyond the scope of this paperand presented elsewhere [2].

INDUSTRY RELIABILITY STANDARDS

Reliability standards for large market segments are oftendeveloped by “cross-corporation” committees that evaluatethe requirements for the particular application of interest. It isthe role of these committees to generate documentsintended as guides for technical personnel of the end usersand suppliers, to assist with the following functions: speci-fying, developing, demonstrating, calibrating, and testing theperformance characteristics for the specific application.

One such committee which has developed a standard for aparticular application is the Blood Pressure MonitoringCommittee of the Association for the Advancement ofMedical Instrumentation (AAMI) [3]. Their document, the“American National Standard for Interchangeability andPerformance of Resistive Bridge Type Blood PressureTransducers”, has an objective to provide performancerequirements, test methodology, and terminology that willhelp insure that safe, accurate blood pressure transducersare supplied to the marketplace.

In the automotive arena, the Society of AutomotiveEngineers (SAE) develops standards for various pressuresensor applications such as SAE document J1346, “Guide toManifold Absolute Pressure Transducer Representative TestMethod” [4].

While these two very distinct groups have successfullydeveloped the requirements for their solid-state siliconpressure sensor needs, no real standard has been set for thegeneral industrial marketplace to insure products beingoffered have been tested to insure reliability under industrialconditions. Motorola has utilized MIL-STD-750 as a refer-ence document in establishing reliability testing practices forthe silicon pressure sensor, but the differences in thetechnology between a discrete semiconductor and a siliconpressure sensor varies dramatically. The additional tests thatare utilized in semiconductor sensor reliability testing arebased on the worst case operational conditions that thedevice might encounter in actual usage.

ESTABLISHED SENSOR TESTING

Motorola has established semiconductor sensor reliabilitytesting based on exercising to detect failures by thepresence of the environmental stress. Potential failuremodes and causes are developed by allowing tests to runbeyond the normal test times, thus stressing to destruction.The typical reliability test matrix used to insure conformanceto customers end usage is as follows [5]:

PULSED PRESSURE TEMPERATURE CYCLING WITHBIAS (PPTCB)

This test is an environmental stress test combined withcyclic pressure loading in which the devices are alternatelysubjected to a low and high temperature while operating underbias under a cyclical pressure load. This test simulates theextremes in the operational life of a pressure sensor. PPTCBevaluates the sensor’s overall performance as well asevaluating the die, die bond, wire bond and package integrity.

Typical Test Conditions: Temperature per specifiedoperating limits (i.e., Ta = –40 to 125°C for an automotiveapplication). Dwell time ≥ 15 minutes, transfer time ≤ 5minutes, bias = 100% rated voltage. Pressure = 0 to fullscale, pressure frequency = 0.05 Hz, test time = up to 1000hours.

Potential Failure Modes: Open, short, parametric shift.

Potential Failure Mechanisms: Die defects, wire bondfatigue, die bond fatigue, port adhesive failure, volumetricgel changes resulting in excessive package stress.Mechanical creep of packaging material.

HIGH HUMIDITY, HIGH TEMPERATURE WITH BIAS(H3TB)

A combined environmental/electrical stress test in whichdevices are subjected to an elevated ambient temperatureand humidity while under bias. The test is useful forevaluating package integrity as well as detecting surfacecontamination and processing flaws.

Typical Test Conditions: Temperature between 60 and85°C, relative humidity between 85 and 90%, rated voltage,test time = up to 1000 hours.

Potential Failure Modes: Open, short, parametric shift.

Potential Failure Mechanisms: Shift from ionic affect,parametric instability, moisture ingress resulting in exces-sive package stress, corrosion.

HIGH TEMPERATURE WITH BIAS (HTB)This operational test exposes the pressure sensor to a

high temperature ambient environment in which the device isbiased to the rated voltage. The test is useful for evaluatingthe integrity of the interfaces on the die and thin film stability.

Typical Test Conditions: Temperature per specifiedoperational maximum, bias = 100% rated voltage, test time= up to 1000 hours.

Potential Failure Modes: Parametric shift in offset and/orsensitivity.

Potential Failure Mechanisms: Bulk die or diffusiondefects, film stability and ionic contamination.

HIGH AND LOW TEMPERATURE STORAGE LIFE(HTSL, LTSL)

High and low temperature storage life testing is performedto simulate the potential shipping and storage conditions thatthe pressure sensor might encounter in actual usage. Thetest also evaluates the devices thermal integrity at worstcase temperatures.


Typical Test Conditions: Temperature per specifiedstorage maximum and minimum, no bias, test time = up to1000 hours.

Potential Failure Modes: Parametric shift in offset and/orsensitivity.

Potential Failure Mechanisms: Bulk die or diffusiondefects, mechanical creep in packaging components due tothermal mismatch.

TEMPERATURE CYCLING (TC)This is an environmental test in which the pressure sensor

is alternatively subjected to hot and cold temperatureextremes with a short stabilization time at each temperaturein an air medium. The test will stress the devices bygenerating thermal mismatches between materials.

Typical Test Conditions: Temperature per specifiedstorage maximum and minimum (i.e., –40 to +125°C forautomotive applications). Dwell time ≥ 15 minutes, transfertime ≤ 5 minutes, no bias. Test time up to 1000 cycles.

Potential Failure Modes: Open, parametric shift in offsetand/or sensitivity.

Potential Failure Mechanisms: Wire bond fatigue, diebond fatigue, port adhesive failure, volumetric gel changesresulting in excessive package stress. Mechanical creep ofpackaging material.

MECHANICAL SHOCKThis is an environmental test where the sensor device is

evaluated to determine its ability to withstand a suddenchange in mechanical stress due to an abrupt change inmotion. This test simulates motion that may be seen inhandling, shipping or actual use. MIL STD 750, Method 2016Reference.

Typical Test Conditions: Acceleration = 1500 g’s, orienta-tion = X, Y, Z planes, time = 0.5 milliseconds, 5 blows.

Potential Failure Modes: Open, parametric shift in offsetand/or sensitivity.

Potential Failure Mechanisms: Diaphragm fracture,mechanical failure of wire bonds or package.

VARIABLE FREQUENCY VIBRATIONA test to examine the a

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