Learning ResourcesRegent’s University London

Learning Resources – Information ResearchGeneral Agreement on Tariffs & Trade

World Trade Organization

Cluster Bretton Woods Institutions

Segment 1: International Monetary FundSegment 2: World BankSegment 3: General Agreement on Tariffs & Trade (GATT)

World Trade Organization (WTO)Segment 4: Alternative / Critical Research on the Bretton

Woods Institutions

Online Research Induction Segment Three – WTO / GATT

• International Management• International Political Economy• International Business• International Relations

Segment Two – World BankOnline Research Induction for Students of

• providing information about statistics, reports, working papers, publications provided by the World Bank

• enable students to find supportive arguments for essays, assignments and discussions

• delivering main-stream information and alternative views

The topic will be

About WTO (www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/thewto_e.htm)

WTO membership (www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/org6_e.htm)

WTO and you (http://www.wto.org/english/forums_e/forums_e.htm) WTO forum “Ideas for Development” blog Public Events

Trade topics (www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tratop_e.htm)• Goods• Services• Intellectual Property• Other Topics

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)World Trade Organisation (WTO)

(http://www.wto.org/)

[http://www.wto.org/english/forums_e/forums_e.htm]

WTO forum for online discussions, series of

webcast debates and live chat events

Blog to debate about

development issues

Content is actually free

to look at online

To receive up-to-date updates

by and about the WTO, sign

up here

Resources available specifically for Journalists, NGOs, Parliamentarians

and STUDENTS

Annual event to provide platform to discuss latest developments in world trade and to propose

ways of enhancing the multilateral trading

system

What’s new

Trade topics – Goods

* food safety, animal and plant health and safety)

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)World Trade Organisation (WTO)

(http://www.wto.org/)

Goodsagriculture & agric. neg.

IT products schedule of concessions on goods

anti-dumping & rules negotiation

market access for goods & related neg.

state trading enterprises

Balance of Payment (BoP)

pre-shipment inspections

subsidies & countervailing measures & rules neg.

customs valuation Rules of Origins tech. barriers to trade

GATT and the goods council

safeguard (contingency trade barriers)

textiles trade facilitations

import licensing sanitary and phytosanitary measures*

Closely connected to

subsidies andtrademark protection

Deals with the problem of dumping and state

subsidies vs free market

Deals with PROTECTIONISM

Highly controversial. One example:

Israel / Palestinian Territory

Trade topics – Services – Services Gateway Page (www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/serv_e/serv_e.htm)

introduction to services trade and the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS )

the mandate work in the WTO disputes data on Services Trade contact and enquiry points

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)World Trade Organisation (WTO)

(http://www.wto.org/)

Trade topics – Services – Services Negotiations

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)World Trade Organisation (WTO)

(http://www.wto.org/)

Major Area of Service Neg.

market access background & state of play domestic regulation negotiations process GATS rules on emergency safeguard measures, government procurement and subsidies

Proposals for the negotiations

Implem. of LDC modalities (i.e. special treatment for least-developed countries under GATS Article IV.3).

Special Sessions

how to open up markets and

perform market transitions

Helpful for searching and retrieving information

about development issues

Information about the negotiation process

Major areas of negotiations in

regards to services

Two-track negotiation

process of the Doha-Round

Proposals for negotiations

‘Special Session’ Meetings

Search facilities for meetings

and documents

Interlectual Trade topics

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)World Trade Organisation (WTO)

(http://www.wto.org/)

Intellectual PropertyIntellectual Property Gateway Page

Article 27.3 (b) – protection for plants and animals, traditional knowledge and biodiversity

TRIPS and Public Health & dedicated webpage for notification

Non-violation complaints (Art. 64.2)

Technology Transfer (http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/trips_e/techtransfer_e.htm)

Intellectual Property• Technology Transfer• Least developed

Countries’ Priority Needs

TRIPS: Trade-Related Aspects of

Intellectual Property Rights

Trade topics – Other Topics accession

building trade capacity aid for trade technical assistance and training integrated framework standards and trade development

civil aircraft

compensation policy

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)World Trade Organisation (WTO)

(http://www.wto.org/)

Very interesting aspect in Development Theory and

transition from state-run to market-run economy (see

‘Washington Consensus’ as well)

Trade topics – Other Topics developmentelectronic commerce / Environmentgovernment Procurement investment and TradeRegional Trade Agreements and negotiations on

RTAs trade policy review

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)World Trade Organisation (WTO)

(http://www.wto.org/)

Building trade capacity (www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/devel_e/build_tr_capa_e.htm)

central focus: improved integration into and better participation within the international trading system of developing countries

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)World Trade Organisation (WTO)

(http://www.wto.org/)

Building trade capacity (www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/devel_e/build_tr_capa_e.htm) main part of “technical assistance” spending is

dedicated towards improved understand complex WTO rules and disciplines Improved implementation of WTO agreements to bolster

their trading regimes more effective negotiation skills with their trading

partners broader and more effective dissemination of knowledge

has facilitated the participation of developing country trade officials in the Doha round and in other WTO activities.

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)World Trade Organisation (WTO)

(http://www.wto.org/)

Dispute settlement (www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/dispu_e.htm)

This page is a gateway to material on:

Disputes in general, and how they are handled in the WTO and its Dispute Settlement Body (DSB)

Negotiations on the Dispute Settlement Understanding (DSU) Individual dispute cases

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)World Trade Organisation (WTO)

(http://www.wto.org/)

Trade negotiations (Doha Round) (www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dda_e/dda_e.htm) aim is to achieve major reform of the international trading system

through the introduction of lower trade barriers revised trade rules

fundamental objective is to improve the trading prospects of developing countries.

Doha Ministerial Declaration provided the mandate for the negotiations, including agriculture services intellectual property topic

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)World Trade Organisation (WTO)

(http://www.wto.org/)

Trade negotiations (Doha Round) (cont.)

Doha Round in brief How the negotiations are organised Doha Round ministerial declaration Implementation decision Development

Implementation and monitoring (www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/monitor_e/monitor_e.htm)

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)World Trade Organisation (WTO)

(http://www.wto.org/)

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)World Trade Organisation (WTO)

(http://www.wto.org/)

Key Word:‘Washington Consensus’

Key Word:‘Hegemonic Stability Theory’

Further Recommendation (authors):

John WilliamsonPedro Pablo KuczynskiJoseph StieglitzGeorge SorosErik ReinertNaomi KleinNoam Chomsky

Further Recommendation (authors):

Charles KindelbergerRobert KeohaneGeorge ModelskiRobert GilpinStephen KrasnerSusan StrangeDuncan Snidal

Please contact in the Library

Sven Griesenbeckhiggens@regents.ac.uk

For further information