Gender-Specific Residential Therapeutic Communities - Drug Addiction Rehabilitation
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Transcript of Gender-Specific Residential Therapeutic Communities - Drug Addiction Rehabilitation
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« Shaping the Future-A Multisectorial Challenge »
52th International ICAA Conference on Dependencies
Estoril, Portugal2009
Sylvain Harvey
Gender Specific Residentiel Therapeutic
Communities
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• Where are we coming from…• The switch to gender specific programming• The resistance• The benefits• Conclusion
The Portage experience
Plan of presentation
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• Portage was founded in Canada 1970 as a Therapeutic Community based on the American Daytop Model
• Long term, residential program 12 months plus in duration
• Every client entering Portage was expected to follow the same therapeutic program from beginning to end
• Highly confrontational, little distinction between male and female as specific needs
The Portage experience
Where are we coming from
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• Low retention rate, program was more effective for males than females
• Staffing was almost exclusively ex-addicts• Interaction between male and female residents
was highly controlled, severe reprimands for “game playing” or “cheap feelings” breaking of the cardinal community rule of “no sex” often cause for expulsion
• Very poor performance of woman in treatment
The Portage experience
Where are we coming from
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• In a desire to serve a greater female clientele Portage developed an experimental mother and children program. Mothers spent day in coed program with the other male and female clients
• Although children benefit significantly; women remained difficult to attract and retain in treatment
• Sexual acting out, couple formation remained the principal cause of program abandonment
• The dynamics in our female group helped us understand that many of the women entering treatment had little experience in positive interpersonal relationships with their own gender
The Portage experience
The switch to gender specific
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• In 1995 Portage underwent major changes• Portage modified the induction process: it
became more welcoming, less confrontational and challenging towards the client
• In 1999 a critical year for Gender Specific Programming at Portage
• Increasing awarness and recognition of different treatment needs of males and females
The Portage experience
The change
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• January 2002, all Portage facilities implement one day a week gender specific programming
• May 2003, adult programming at Lac Echo becomes fully gender specific
• May 2004, all Portage programs become gender specific except our West Island facility directed by Allan Farkas
The Portage experience
The change
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• Initial reaction by residents: resentful and negative -similar reaction amongst the adolescent
• More pronounced resistance amongst women than men
• Several departures at the beginning• All concerns were encouraged to be expressed and
worked trough in group supervision and discussion group
• Residents adapt quicker than staff
The debate continues but no one wishes
to return to old ways
The Portage experience
The resistance or…
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• Women share more openly in a gender specific environment
• Men find it easier to express some fears and emotions in a male only environment
• Sexual issues are easier to deal with for both genders
• Women find it easier to form friendships with other women
• Significant increase in the number of female clients
• Improved client retention for both genders and treatment outcomes
The Portage experience
The benefits staff
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Women• There is more care and less acceptance in
the women community• Group interaction is more in dept and
victimizing is less present• Group interaction is much deeper and less
superficial« I feel less alone and my relationships are more
honest and I have the feeling that I belong now »
The Portage experience
The benefits client
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The benefits client
Men
• The general atmosphere of our community is much calmer and conflicts are easier to manage and resolve
« I felt more support from the men »
« In the presence of women I used to hide aspects of my personality I didn’t like. With men, they surface and I have to adress them »
The Portage experience
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The conclusion Increased female population and
retention for both males and females in all Portage programs
Elimination of treatment abandonment due to couple formation
Decrease in incidences and inappropriate behaviors for both gender
Significantly improved outcomes on all measures for both genders