Gender and Development made easy

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    Gender and Development(made easy)

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    OBJECTIVES

    1. To attain basic understanding

    of gender and how it affects

    development.

    2. To generate appreciation of GAD

    concepts and principles as toolsfor development planning.

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    COVERAGE

    WHAT is DEVELOPMENT?I.

    II. WHAT is GENDER?

    WHAT are GENDER ISSUES?

    WHAT is GAD?

    III.

    IV.

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    Development is about attaining a fulland satisfying life for all

    Development: Whats the bottomline?

    Attaining a full and satisfying life forall is a shared responsibility

    - of everyone- regardless o f age, sex, rel igion,

    ethnic i ty or c lass- of the government as duly mandated autho r i ty

    - of al l ind iv iduals and enti t ies who benefi t from

    development or are affected by the lack of i t

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    For individuals the performance of

    this responsibility requires:

    a) the capacity to do; and

    b) the capacity to be

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    The capacity to do means -

    ability orpower

    to do productive and satisfying work

    to have control over ones income

    and benefit from it

    to enjoy nature and the naturalenvironment

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    to procreate and rear children

    to care for others

    to travel in search for

    opportunities

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    The capacity to be means-a right and opportunity

    to be knowledgeable and skillful

    to be well-nourished

    to be confident of own abilities

    to be comfortable with achievements,

    independence and power

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    Forgovernments, the responsibility

    to promote the attainment of abetter life for all means -

    a) helping people develop their

    abilities and individual strengths

    b) protecting peoples rights and

    creating opportunities for thedevelopment of peoples abilities

    and individual strengths

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    II. WHATS GENDER?

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    Gender is very much related to sex

    and many people are often confused

    about the distinction between sex

    and gender.

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    A good starting point is, therefore,to conceptually differentiate SEX

    and GENDER

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    SEX: a natural distinguishing variable

    It is concerned with differentiating

    people based on biological attributes,

    such as:

    phys ical - body contour, features, geni tals,

    reproduc t ive organs

    genet ic - ch romosomes, ho rmones

    label - female or male; man o r woman

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    SEX is universal, fixed, and is a valid

    distinguishing variable.

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    GENDER: a cultural, contrived

    distinguishing variable

    It is concerned with differentiating

    people based on perceptions, roles,and social expectations

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    Problems begin when their confusion

    find its way into decisions affecting:

    resource allocation

    assignment of roles and responsibilities

    transactional processes

    problem analysis

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    Productive-Reproductive Divide

    Productive Reproductive

    work

    politics

    paid

    visible

    valued

    chi ld bir th/rear ing home management

    family care

    unpaid

    invisible

    not valued

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    Gender issues are deterrents

    to development. Thus, it isimportant to address them in

    development planning.

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    Then, what is GAD?

    1. GAD is about recognizing that

    gender biases impede development

    because:

    they prevent people from attaining

    their full potentials (which will enable

    them to become effective contribu-tors to development)

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    they distort understanding of

    social realities and limit the impacts

    of development inputs

    they exacerbate social inequity and

    inequality which are the very end

    goals of the MTPDP

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    GAD is about removing explicit,

    implicit, actual and potentialgender biases

    in the organizations; and

    Of those who are concerned withdevelopment

    PPAs

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    GAD is about being faithful to the

    principle that

    Fairness and equity demands that

    everyone in society, whether male offemale, has the right to the same

    opportunities to achieve a full and

    satisfying life.

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    But why focus moreon women?

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    Eliminating gender inequalities leads to

    signif icant productivi ty gains, provides large

    societal benef i ts and enhances poverty

    reduction scheme

    -World Bank

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    First, women are half of thecountrys population. As such, they

    are half of the producers of economic

    goods and services

    bu t

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    Second, they are already in themoney economy

    informal sector

    wage employment

    trading

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    discrimination

    but, in being so, they experience a

    lot of hardships

    multiple roles

    violence and sexual harassment

    lack of protection

    exploitation

    poor skills

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    Third, women have unique stakes,roles and insights to share in order to

    attain development objectives,such as in:

    imparting values that have

    profound impacts on humanprogress and economic

    development

    sustaining the environment

    managing population growth

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    Why us?

    Everyone who believes in the vision ofattaining a full and satisfying life for all

    has an obligation to help pursue GAD

    We are custodians of peoples trust and

    resources. We have the power,knowledge, skills and resources to make

    development work for everybody

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    examine assignment of roles

    at home and correct gendered

    patterns

    critique books of young children

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    B) Professional

    disaggregate data by sex

    attain balance in various positions

    (esp. top and decision-making

    positions)

    stop gender discrimination in

    recruitment, hiring, training,promotion

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    treat each one as equals; demolish

    hierarchical social transactions

    adopt a GAD plan of action (review

    content of training programs; developtools, conduct GRP, participate

    in inter-agency activities on

    GAD, etc.)

    make spaces for disadvantaged menand women

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