Gemara Notes p. 30

שומר אבידה

אונסUnavoidable

mishap

גניבה ואבידהTheft or Loss

Damage due to Negligence

Type of שומר

שומר חינםUnpaid Watcher

שומר שכרPaid Watcher

שואלBorrower

שוכרRenter

What is a שומר Responsible For?

×××

מחלוקת

He is like aשומר שכר

He is like aשומר חינם

רב יוסף אמר...

...רבה אמר

What benefit is he getting that he should be considered “paid”?

He is getting benefit because he does not have to give bread to a poor man while guarding the אבידה

If one found a lost object and is watching it until the owner claims it

איתמר

He is like aשומר שכר

He is like aשומר חינם

רב יוסף רבה אמר...

...אמר

What benefit is he getting that he should be considered “paid”?

He is getting benefit because he does not have to give bread to a poor man while guarding the אבידה

If one found a lost object and is watching it until the owner claims it

איתמר

Since the Torah obligates him to take care of the lost object, he is responsible for everything even though he is not getting benefit

There are those that explain…

He is only פטור from the second one if it is impossible to do both

As long as he is still doing the first mitzvah, he is פטור from the second, even if he could do both

רש''יתוספות

One who is busy doing one Mitzvah is פטור from doing another

The second mitzvah has only been temporarily pushed off - הודחה

The second mitzvah has been removed completely - הותרה

עוסק במצוה פטור מן המצוה

Gemara Notes 31דף נו עמוד ב