Gds K-2Fis Intra-ekstra Uterine
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Transcript of Gds K-2Fis Intra-ekstra Uterine
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PERUBAHAN LINGKUNGANINTRA EKSTRA UTERUS
TERHADAP FISIOLOGI
SISTEM TUBUH
Department of Physiology, Faculty of MedicineDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Sumatera Utara, MedanUniversity of Sumatera Utara, Medan
IndonesiaIndonesia
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PROSES E!"#IR"$
%Peru&ahan !in'( Intrauterine !in'( E'strauterine)
*at term+
*at term+O$R"SI uterus
%Fre'uensi-Durasi-Intensitas)
O$R"SI uterus
%Fre'uensi-Durasi-Intensitas)
Sir'ulasi %PO./P0O.) tergangguSir'ulasi%PO./P0O.) terganggu
"sphy1ia %PO. 2 P0O.
)
#eart Rate 3
4561/mnt 476-4861/mnt
&ila O. 466-4.61/mnt
"sphy1ia %PO. 2 P0O.
)
#eart Rate 3
4561/mnt 476-4861/mnt
&ila O. 466-4.61/mnt
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Peru&ahan SIRU!"SI segera setelah !ahir
Rangs( Dingin pd ulit 9 "sphy1ia
Rangs( Dingin pd ulit 9 "sphy1ia
:ayi lahir %normal)
:ayi lahir %normal)
:ayi Menangis
:ayi Menangis
PO. ;6-86 mm#g
Saturasi #&-O.3 86-
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at &irth
potong Um&ilical cord %tali pusat)
ahanan peripher
D( "orta >> D( "rt(Pulmonal
Sir'ulasi Plasenta %-)
"sphy1ia %0O.2 O. )
Menangis
ari' $apas
Paru mengem&ang
ahanan paru
D("orta D( pulmonal
Rangs( Dingin
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D( "orta >> D( "rt(Pulmonal
"liran darah paru
"liran "trium iri
2 "liran "trium anan
e'( "trium iri >>e'( "trium anan
Foramen Ovale ertutup
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:&rp( ?am postpartum:&rp( ?am postpartum
"liran "trium iri 2 "liran "trium anan
"liran darah "orta "rteri Pulmonalis
onstri'si Du'tus "rteriosus%Penutupan Fungsional)
4 - 5 :ulan
Fi&rosis Occluded
Sir'ulasi De@asa
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Circulati! i! F"tu# a!$ N"%&r!
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'
PERU:"#"$ SIRU!"SI
P!"SE$"
?"RI$A"$ U:U#
BE$ i "R i
P"RU
BE$ a "R a
FEUS PERI$""! %6-4 :ln) :"CI %4-5 :ln) De@asa
FO 3 Foramen Ovale
FO
D"
D" 3 Ductus "rteriosus
?"RI$A"$ U:U#
BE$ i "R i
P"RU
BE$ a "R a
D"
P!"SE$"
FO
P!"SE$"
P"RU
?"RI$A"$ U:U#
FO
BE$ i "R i
BE$ a "R a
P"RU
?"RI$A"$ U:U#
D"D"
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ME$"RI $"F"S PER"M" %he First :reath)
Peru&ahan Respirasi Placenta Respirasi paru
:ayi !ahir:ayi !ahir
Rangsang sensori' 3 ulit 2 OtotRangsang sensori' 3 ulit 2 Otot "sidosis Ringan"sidosis Ringan
Pusat PernapasanPusat Pernapasan
ontra'si otot-otot Pernapasanontra'si otot-otot Pernapasan
Bol( Intra hora's 2 e'( Intra hora'sBol( Intra hora's 2 e'( Intra hora's
Udara Masu' 'e ParuUdara Masu' 'e Paru
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REAU!"SI SU#U U:U#REAU!"SI SU#U U:U#
:ayi:ayi I'lim intrauterine %*tropis+)I'lim intrauterine %*tropis+)
I'lim E'strauterineI'lim E'strauterine
SRESSSRESS
Regulasi SuhuRegulasi Suhu
:E!UM S":I!:E!UM S":I!
Suhu u&uhSuhu u&uh
D S":I!D S":I!
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Regulasi Suhu :lm( Sta&il
hermogenesis %#eat Aain) hermolysis %#eat !oss)
a' dpt menggigil %respon
dingin) Sistem syaraf &lm(
Sempurna(
Respon dingin 3
Meta&olisme *&ro@n fat+
rigliserida
Free fatty acid
!uas permu'aan &ayi >>
De@asa
ulit 2 ?ar( Su&cutantipis #igh
0onductance Panas
hilang >>
0airan u&uh
:: %-46=) .- #r
pertama
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1313
FU$ASI !IBER
:ayi &aru lahir Sum&er Energi
A!IOAE$
!IBER, OO, ?"$U$A, dll
A!IOAE$
!IBER, OO, ?"$U$A, dll
:e&erapa am
postpartumA!IOAE$A!IOAE$
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REAU!"SI A!UOS"
Segera setelah lahir AD 6-56mg/466m!
:&rp( am
Ali'ogen
AD G.6mg/466m!
A!UO$EOAE$ESIS
Aangguan/gagal
Agn( Syaraf 2 oma
"pnoe 9 0yanosis
Pem&erianAlu'osa
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ME":O!ISME PROEI$ 2 !EM"
Fetus
Mela@ati *:arrier Placenta+
- Immunoglo&ulin
Mela@ati *:arrier Placenta+
- Immunoglo&ulin
a' Mela@ati *:arrier Placenta+
- Plasma Protein
- !ema'
a' Mela@ati *:arrier Placenta+
- Plasma Protein
- !ema'
Sintesa di #ati 3
"l&umin 2 !ema'
Sintesa di #ati 3
"l&umin 2 !ema'
"'tivasi Met( "s($u'leat 2
sintesa Protein
"'tivasi Met( "s($u'leat 2
sintesa ProteinSegera Setelah
!ahir
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:I!IRU:I$ 2 FU$ASI DEOHIFI"SI
Fungsi E's'resi :iliru&in %#ati) 2
Deto1ifi'asi O&at-o&atan
Fungsi E's'resi :iliru&in %#ati) 2Deto1ifi'asi O&at-o&atan
Physiological?oundice %-;
#ari)
Physiological?oundice %-;
#ari)
:lm( Sempurna:lm( Sempurna
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R"0( A"SROI$ESI$"!IS
*Rute P!"0E$"+ *Rute I$ESI$"!+
Aastric Emptying ime 3 -5 amAastric Emptying ime 3 -5 am
Enym !am&ung 2 #0l, p# 3 G
%pencernaan Susu)
Enym Intestinal, dan Empedu
0UUP
"milase Pan'reas GGG
Enym !am&ung 2 #0l, p# 3 G
%pencernaan Susu)
Enym Intestinal, dan Empedu
0UUP
"milase Pan'reas GGG
MOI!I"
S
MOI!I"
S
SERES
I
SERES
I
":SORPSI":SORPSIJat $utrisi :"I
ecuali !EM"
Jat $utrisi :"I
ecuali !EM"
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PE$A"UR"$
E$DORI$PERUM:U#"$
Foetus Aro@thFoetus Aro@th dipengaruhidipengaruhi 33
**Maternal $ourishment+Maternal $ourishment+
Estrogen 2 ProgesteronEstrogen 2 Progesteron
Fetus Aro@thFetus Aro@th Tdk.dipengaruhiTdk.dipengaruhi
33
Aro@th #ormon FoetusAro@th #ormon Foetus
hyro1ine Foetushyro1ine Foetus
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1'
hyroid Aland
I:U
%#CPO#CROIDISM)
!ahir :ayi
%#CPO#CROIDISM)
PEREM:"$A"$"IF segera Stlh !ahir
%respon thd dingin)
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()()
"drenal orte's
orti'osteroid %9)
Respon 'elenar %9)
Pada urinePada urine
eadaan stresseadaan stress
"drenal
Medula
Saat !ahirSaat !ahir
Mempertahan'an
Sir'ulasi Darah Ota'
PO.PO.
"SP#CHI""SP#CHI"
Epinephrin/$EEpinephrin/$E
B"SOO$SRISIB"SOO$SRISI
Respon Meta&oli'
hd DI$AI$
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SISEM SC"R"F
Sist( Syaraf Pusat
Pertum&uhan 3
- mepd rimester II 2 III
%ma's)
*:erat 3 K &erat Ota' De@asa
Sifat Refle's
Fle1ion Refle1,menangis @'t(
!apar, memutar epala, dll(
:u'a mata %respon 0ahaya 2
Suara)
idur &ar&agai posisi
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PERAN HORMON DALAM
PROSES TUMBUH DAN
KEMBANG
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Multiple hormones, including growth hormone (GH),
insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I and -II), insulin, throid
hormones, glucocorticoids, androgens, and estrogenscontri!ute to the growth process in humans"
#mong these, GH and IGF-I ha$e !een implicated as the
ma%or determinants of growth in normal postuterine life"
Howe$er, deficiencies (or e&cesses) of each of the other
hormones can seriousl affect the normal growth of the
musculoskeletal sstem as well as the growth and
maturation of other tissues"
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Pancreas: Insulin
' actions hpoglcemic (lowers !lood
glucose)increases transport of glucose into muscle and fat
cells (*+ does not increase uptake ! !rain,
li$er, or kidne)
inhi!its !reakdown of glcogen and formation of
glucose from amino acids or fatt acids (inhi!its
glcogenolsis and gluconeogenesis)
promotes formation of glcogen (li$er, skeletal
muscles), protein snthesis (muscle), and fat
snthesis and storage (adipose)
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5. Pancreas: Insulin (Control)
' stimulated by:
increased blood glucose increased blood amino acid and
fatty acid levels
parasympathetic impulses
hyperglycemichormones (GHglucagon epinephrine
thyro!ine glucocorticoids)
indirectlyresult in insulin
secretion by increasing blood
glucose levels' inhibited by:
lo" blood glucose and by
somatostatin
sympathetic impulses
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