GCSE - XtremePapers

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INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

Use black ink or black ball-point pen. Do not use gel pen or correction fluid.

Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page.

Answer both questions. At the end of each question there is a choice of case studies.

Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.

If you run out of space, use the continuation page at the back of the booklet, taking care to number the question(s) correctly.

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part-question.

You are reminded that assessment will take into account the quality of written communication used in the case study question of each theme.

JD*(S12-4241-02)

Surname

Other Names

CandidateNumber

0

CentreNumber

GCSE

4241/02

GEOGRAPHY

SPECIFICATION B

HIGHER TIER

UNIT 1

A.M. THURSDAY, 14 June 2012

1 hour

For examiner’s use only

Question 1

Question 2

Total Marks 60

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Theme 1: Challenges of Living in a Built Environment

Answer all parts of (a) to (d). There is a choice of questions in (e).

1. (a) Study the maps below.

A30

A30

0

N

10 20 30 40 50km

Newquay

St. Ives

Penzance

Helston

Falmouth

Bodmin

Lanreath

Plymouth

Dartmouth

Torquay

Exmouth

Exeter

NewtonAbbot

A376

A377

A380

M5

A30

A30

A39

A39

A39

A38A38

A38

A394

A391

A390

A386A388

Key

roads

settlements

Lanreath

Devon

Somerset

Wales

C

ornwall

Describe the location of Lanreath. [3]

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(i) Village shops sell mainly low order goods. What is meant by the term ‘low order goods’? [1]

(ii) Give and explain two ways in which the loss of services in Lanreath village could affect the quality of life for different groups of people living there. [4]

SEPTEMBER 2004: LANREATH LOSES BATTLE TO KEEP LOCAL SHOP AND POST OFFICE

Residents of Lanreath complained that the recent shop and Post Office closure means that it is now a

4 mile round trip to their nearest shop. Lanreath has already suffered the loss of its pub and local bus

service due to falling demand.

They are also worried about the future of their 200 year old primary school, which is under threat of

closure.

(b) Study the newspaper extract below.

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5

01990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010

Openings of community owned shops in the UK supported by a rural charity

Year

Nu

mb

er o

f sh

op

s op

ened

(i) Complete the graph above to show that 20 new stores were opened in 2004. [1]

(ii) Describe the trend of the graph between 1990 and 2010. Use figures in your answer.[3]

The Plunkett Foundation is a Charity. It helps small towns and villages, including Lanreath, to set up and run their own shops and post offices.

(c) Study the graph below.

4

© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

(d) Read the information below.

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(i) Explain how the opening of the new shop may have affected the quality of life for different groups of people living in Lanreath. [4]

(ii) Counter-urbanisation is the increase in people moving from urban areas to live in rural areas. One reason is the improvement in ICT facilities, such as internet broadband. Suggest one other reason for counter-urbanisation. [1]

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June 2008: Rural charity helps new shop to open in Lanreath village

I work part-time as a manager in the shop. I am paid to do this. We have 18 unpaid volunteers who help to run it.

I am unemployed and work as a volunteer in the shop. We sell products from local farmers and local craftworkers.

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(iii) The population in some rural villages, like Lanreath, is increasing as a result of counter-urbanisation. Explain the effects that counter-urbanisation might have on different groups of people living in rural villages. [5]

(e) Case Studies

Answer only one of the questions, either (i) or (ii).

Either Tick (√) your choice (i) For a service in a town or city:

•Nametheservice. •Describethedistributionofthisservicewithinthetownorcity. •Explainhowaccesstothisservicevariesfordifferentgroupsof people.

Or

(ii) For a town or city where there are variations in quality of life.

•Nameandlocatethetownorcity. •Describehowthequalityoflifevariesindifferentpartsofthe town/city. •Explainwhyqualityoflifevariesbetweentheseplaces.

[8]

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Total mark 30

End of Theme 1

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Theme 2: People and the Natural World Interactions

Answer all parts of (a) to (d). There is a choice of question in (e).

2. (a) Study the climate graph of Kipini, in Kenya, below.

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

40

35

30

25

Pre

cip

itatio

n m

m

Tem

pera

ture

°C

20

15

10

5

0Jan Feb Mar Apr

Precipitation mm Temperature °C

May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec

Describe the pattern of precipitation throughout the whole year in Kipini. Refer to figures in your answer. [2]

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(b) (i) Use the map above to describe the course of the Tana River from source to mouth. [3]

(ii) The Tana Delta is formed as a result of deposition. What is meant by the term ‘deposition’? [1]

(iii) The floodplain of the Tana River Delta is used by farmers. Give one feature of a floodplain that makes it good for farming. [1]

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Tana

Galana

Lake

Victoria

Tsavo

National Park

Masai Mara

Game Park

Mount Kenya

Lake

Turkana

Athi

I N D I A N

O C E A N

Nyeri

Machakos

NAIROBI

K E N Y A

T A N Z A N I A

E T H I O P I A

S U D A N

S O M A L I A

U G A N D A

Garissa

Malindi

Mombasa

Kipini

Equator

0 100 km

Key

N

High land

Low lying

land

Capital city

Settlement

Tana River

Delta

Map of Kenya showing the location of the Tana River Delta in Kenya

The Tana River Delta in Kenya floods during the rainy season. During the dry season people move their cattle from the dry area to live on the delta. 30,000 farmers and fishermen rely on the delta for their jobs.

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(c) Study the photograph below. It shows a meander on the Tana Delta, Kenya.

X

X

Y

Y

cross section

of river

A B

(i) Identify the two landforms labelled on the photograph above: [2]

A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

B. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Describe how a river erodes and transports material along its channel. [4]

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I N D I A N

O C E A N

UNGWANA

BAY

River Tana

Hippolake

Rive

r Tana

0 5 km

N

KipiniOzi

Ngao

Garsen

MfumbweKulesa

Key

Mangrove trees

TISP(Tana Integrated Sugar Project)

Sugar cane for biofuel

Rice

Livestock

Other farming

Main road

River

Dry river bed

(d) Study the information below about the Tana Integrated Sugar Project (TISP)

The Tana River Delta

The TISP (Tana Integrated Sugar Project) is going to change the land use of the Tana River Delta. It will employ 40,000 people in an area where the people are very poor.

The TISP will take a third of the Tana River’s water for irrigating the sugar cane. The processing factories will also need water and they will produce a lot of waste which will go into the Tana River.

Many local people have objected to the TISP because it threatens the local water cycle and might cause serious damage to the delta.

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(i) Explain how the activities of the TISP might affect the River Tana and its delta. [4]

(ii) Explain how an unreliable supply of water might affect the quality of life of people living in the Tana delta area. [5]

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(e) Case Studies

Answer only one of the questions, either (i) or (ii). Tick (√) your choice Either

(i) For a period of weather caused by high or low pressure:

•Nameandlocatetheareaaffectedbytheweather. •Describethemainfeaturesoftheweather. •Explainhowtheweatheraffecteddifferentgroupsofpeople.

Or

(ii) For a river or coastal landform that affects the lives of people:

•Nameandlocatethelandform. •Describethemainfeaturesofthelandform. •Explainhowthelandformaffectsthelivesofdifferentgroupsof people.

[8]

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