Gbk2[1]
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Transcript of Gbk2[1]
Table of Contents1. Ser 2. Estar3. Verbs like Gustar4. Hacer Expressions5. El Pretérito and Trigger Words6. Car, Gar, y Zar7. Spock 8. Cucaracha 9. Snake10. Snakeys11. Affirmative Commands12. Negative Commands13. DOPs14. IOPs
SerDescription
Origin
Characteristics
Time
Occupation
Relationship
PossessionEvent
Date
Estar
Rules!!
1.Ar to ando2.Er and ir to iendo or
yendo
Verbs like Gustar
• These verbs follow the same conjugation as gustar with doler having an e stem changer.
1. Faltar- to lack2. Doler- to hurt3. Fascinar- to fascinate4. Molestar- to bother
Hacer Time Expressions
• Hace=Time• Que=Verb• Present Tense is since and for.• Preterite Tense is ago.
El Pretérito y Trigger Words
• It is a definite time in the past
• Ex: Ayer, Anoche, El año pasado, La semana pasada, Ante ayer
Cont’d Preterito
Er/ir Ar
-i/-imos
iste/isteisio/ieron
-e/-amos -aste/-asteis -o/-aron
El Pretérito Irregulars
• There are 3 types of irregular preterito verbs and they are:
Car, Gar, y ZarCucarachaSpock
Car, Gar, Zar
Car Gar Zar-qué -camos
-caste casteís
-có -caron
-gué -gamos
-gaste -gasteís-gó -garon
-cé -zamos
-zaste -zasteís
-zo -zaron
Spock Irregulars
• 1. ir y ser• 2.dar y ver• 3.hacer• Each group is conjugated the same
Spock
IR
SER
DAR
VER
H
A
CE
R
IR- to go SER- to be
Fui Fuimos
Fuiste Fuisteís
Fue Fueron
DAR- to give
VER- to see
I Imos
Iste Isteís
Io Ieron
HACER….
TO MAKE OR DO
Hice Hicimos
Hiciste Hicisteís
Hito Hicieron
Cucaracha• -e -imos• -iste -isteis• -o -ieron
• Andar- aduv• Estar- estuv• Poder- pud• Poner- pus• Querer- quis• Saber- sup• Tener- tuv• Venir- vin
Snakes
• The stem change occurs only in 3rd person.• The stem change is to opposite vowel with the
first vowel.
Dormi
Dormiste
Durmio
Dormimos
Dormisteis
Durmieron
Snakeys
• In the 3rd person the stem change is the vowel “I” to the vowel “y”.
lei
leiste
leyo
Leimos
leisteis
leyeron
. Affirmative Commands
1. Put verb in ‘yo’ form2. Change to opposite vowel. Ar to e er/ir to a3. If plural add an n4. Then, add DOP to end ONLY IF POSITIVE
Negetive Commands
• Instead of putting the DOP at the end of the verb, put it before it.
DOPs
• Answers the question of what is receiving the direct action of the verb.
• DOPs are : lo, la, los, las, me, te, nos• You must have a DOP in order to have an IOP,
however in a sentence you always put the IOP behind the DOP.
IOPs
• Answers the question to whom or for whom. • IOPs are: me, te, le, nos, os, les.
Se Impersonal
• Use se to avoid specifying a person who is doing the action of the verb.
• When using se, the verb is always in the 3rd person
• Se can be used in all tenses
Past Participles
• Add-ado for-ar verbs• Add-ido for-ir/-er verbs• Has to agree with nouns they modify in
gender and number.
Irregular Past Participles
Abrir-abierto resolver-resueltoCubrir-cubierto romper-rotoDecir-dicho ver-vistoEscribir-escrito volver-vueltoFreir-fritoHacer-hechoMorir-muertoPoner-puesto
El futuro
• Infinitive+Ending• Endings are all the same for ar/er/ir verbseasaemoseisan
Iregular Futuro
• Decir-dir• Hacer-har• Poder-podr• Querer-querr• Saber-sabr• Salir-saldr• Tener-tendr• Valer-valdr• Venir-vendr
Extended el futuro
• Ir + A + Infinitive (going to do something)
Adjectivos Demonstratives
• Put in front of the noun it modifies• Make sure it agrees with number and gender
Singular Plural
Este/Esta Estos/Estas
Ese/Esa Esos/Esas
Aquel/Aquella Aquellos/Aquellas
Mandatos Formales
• AR-put in the yo form/ drop the o and add the e
• ER-put in the yo form/ drop the o add the a
• IR- put in the yo form/ drop the o and add the a
Affirmative&Negative MandatosAffirmativos Negativos
Di Tengas
Haz Vengas
Ve Des/Digas
Pon Vayas
Sal Seas
Se Hagas
Ten Estses
Ven Sepas
Modal Verbs
• Ir + a + infinitive - going to do something• Poder + infinitive- are able to do something• Qurer + infinitive- want to do something• Deber + infinitive- should do something• Tener que + infinitive- to have to do something
Reflexives
• - in front of the conjugated verb• - attached to the infinitive• - attached to the present participle• - attached to an affirmative command• Reflexive Pronouns: me, te, se, nos, os, se• Reflexive Verbs: acostarse, afeitarse, bañarse,
cepillarse, ducharse, llamarse, ponerse, vestirse.
Saber vs. Conocer
• Saber is used to express knowledge of information
• Conocer is used to express knowledge of a person, place, thing, etc.