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This Presentation is provided to you by:

WPSAmerica.comIndustry Standard Welding Procedures Software for AWS and ASM !odes 

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Too $an choices%

& Too $an 'ase $etals

& Too $an !rocesses

& Too $an 'rands& Variet of o!inions%

& Gas co$!ositionsoften (nknown

& A)*32 - shielding gasstandard

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Shielding gas co$!onents

& C+2 - ,irt gas needs cleaning

& Argon .ro$ crogenic !rocessing

& +/gen - .ro$ crogenic !rocessing

& eli($ .ro$ $ines of Nat(ral gas

& drogen Che$ical !rocessing&  Nitrogen .ro$ crogenic !rocessing

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The f(nctions of shielding gases are

& 1rotect the weld !ool fro$ at$os!here

& 1rovide a gas !las$a - ionised gas

& S(!!ort $etal transfer and 'ead wetting

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1hsical !ro!erties of !(re gases

& Sie and sha!e of the !las$a col($n de!ends on

   ther$al cond(ctivit

& s!ecific gravit   deter$ines the heat content of the gas

& oniation !otential

   ease of carring electrical energ

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igh ther$al cond(ctivit gases

& C+2 and e have high ther$al cond(ctivities

  .or e5(al energ into the !las$a

  less s(rface needed to trans$it heat

  1las$a col($n re$ains narrow

  6ocalised (nder the $olten ti! of wire

& This !rod(ces glo'(lar transfer 

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Glo'(lar transfer 

& igh ther$alcond(ctivit

&  Narrow !las$acol($n

& C+2 and eli($ !rod(ce glo'(lar

transfer & $!ossi'le to !rod(ce

s!ra transfer%

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Ther$al cond(ctivit and !las$a sha!e

& Ther$al Cond(ctivit is the ease with which the

gas will dissi!ate heat

& Argon has low ther$al cond(ctivit   t is (sed for low 7-Val(e windows

 Argon

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6ow ther$al cond(ctivit gases

& Argon has low ther$al cond(ctivit

  .or e5(al energ into the !las$a

  $ore s(rface is needed to trans$it heat

  1las$a col($n e/!ands

  7eaches 'eond the $olten ti! of wire

  7a!id $elting with high electron condensationheating

• This produces spray transfer 

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S!ra Transfer 

& 6ow ther$al

cond(ctivit

& 8/!anded !las$acol($n

& 8lectron condensation

heating

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S!ra Transfer 

& Wire $elts in a fast

fine dro!let strea$

& Wire end 'eco$es !ointed

& S!ra transfer res(lts

in high de!osition and

good !enetration

& Argon gives s!ra

transfer%

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1enetration !rofiles

& Argon has a finger nail

 !enetration !rofile

consistent with s!ratransfer 

& C+2 and e have

elli!tical !enetration

consistent with theglo'(lar transfer 

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The 90:;0 r(le

• To ensure a smooth spray transferremember this rule!

• 90% Innert gas (Ar/He)

• 10% Actie gas (Actie gas component)

– These coul be "#$/#$ combinations

• or &eling steel or stainless base

materials some o'ygen or "#$ is neeefor arc stability

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S!ra transfer li$its

• elo& *% Argon content+ spray transferis not possible

• eyon *% #'ygen leels+ fumeemissions become a problem

• Although He is innert+ it promotesglobular transfer

• Any gas mi'ture that &ill spray transfer+&ill generally pulse an short circuit

• Hyrogen &ill proie heat an cleano'ies

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Shielding gas choice

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 Argon – Helium mix 

& =)>Ar?2)> e

& A!!lica'le to what 'ase $etals@

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 Argon – Helium mix 

& )0>Ar?)0> e

& What is the 'ead sha!e@

& What is the advantage with res!ect to l(e

Shield ;@

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 Argon – Helium mix B

& 2)>Ar?=)> e

& BCan one s!ra transfer with this gas@

Wh@

& What a!!lication @ A(to$atic or $an(al@

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 Argon – Oxygen mix 

& 9>Ar?2>+2

& This gas can 'e a!!lied to what 'ase

$etals@

& What wo(ld 'e the 'ead sha!e@

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 Argon – CO2 B

& )>Ar?;)> C+2

& Can this gas 'e (sed for G#AW s!ra

transfer@

& BCan this gas 'e (sed for .CAW $ild steelD

and stainless steel@

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 Argon – CO2 B

& =)>Ar?2)> C+2

& Can one s!ra transfer with this gas@

& ow will the 'ead sha!e look co$!ared to

C+2

& BWhat will the fillet weld !enetration 'e

like co$!ared to C+2@ What a'o(t f($es@

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Helium – Argon – CO2 mix B

& 90>e?=*)>Ar?2*)> C+2

& BCan one s!ra transfer with this $i/t(re@

Wh@

& What 'ase $etal sho(ld 'e welded with this

$i/@

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 Argon – H2 mix  B

& 9=*)>Ar?2*)> 2

& BCan this gas 'e (sed for GTAW of ferro(s

$etals@

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 Argon – H2 mix  B

& E)>Ar?3)> 2

& Bs this a welding grade gas@ Where is this

a!!lied@

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Nitrogen – H2 mix  B

& 9)>N 2?)> 2

& BCan o( weld with this gas@ n what

a!!lication@

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 Argon – CO2 – O2 mix B

& 9;>Ar?)> C+2 ?4> +2

& Can one short circ(it and s!ra with this gas@

& B ow will it weld on non 'lasted !lateD G#AW@Wh@

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 Argon – Helium – CO2 mix B

& ;>Ar?;>e?;> C+2

& Where wo(ld this gas co$!osition 'e (sed@

& #agnesi($D co!!erD $ild steels or SS@

& BCan one short circ(it and s!ra transfer

with this $i/@ Wh@

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 Argon – CO2 – Helium mix B

& =)>Ar ? ;)> C+2 ? ;0>e

& BWhat advantage wo(ld this gas have over

a )> Argon ? ;)> C+2@

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Thank o( for o(r attention%