G ENDER E QUALITY AND S OCIAL I NCLUSION GESI FOR HARMONY & PROSPERITY - Meera Sherchan August 2015.
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Transcript of G ENDER E QUALITY AND S OCIAL I NCLUSION GESI FOR HARMONY & PROSPERITY - Meera Sherchan August 2015.
GENDER EQUALITY AND SOCIAL INCLUSION GESI FOR HARMONY & PROSPERITY
-Meera Sherchan
August 2015
SEX AND GENDERSex Gender
Biological Determined
Socially Constructed
Innate Learnt
Unchangeable Changeable
Universal Differs within and between cultures
SOCIAL EXCLUSION (SE)
When:
1. Controversial formal laws/polices,
or Informal social practice, values and beliefs….
1. Assets, opportunities & beneficiaries
2. Public goods, services & rights
3. Political voice and influence
Prevent membe
rs of certain social groups from
getting equal access
to:
Underlying Socio-cultural Institutions, Values & Codes of Behavior
Civil Society, Private Sector
& Public SectorINSTITUTIONS
Weak In
fluence
Lots of assets& capabilities
Few assets orcapabilities
Assets&
Capabilities Inequitable distributional rules
Strong In
fluence
ELITES
MIDDLE
POOR & SOCIALLY EXCLUDED
INEQUALITY
EXTENT OF EXCLUSIONCaste/Ethnic Groups Poverty %
Hill Brahmin 10.34
Hill Chhetri 23.40
Tarai Brahmin 18.61
Tarai Middle Caste 28.69
Hill Dalit 43.63
Tarai Dalit 38.16
Newar 10.25
Hill Indigenous 28.25
Tarai Indigenous 25.93
Muslim 20.28
Others 12.34
Nepal 25.6 (national poverty line)Source: Poverty in Nepal 2010/11,CBS
CONTD.
Exclusion: threat to prosperity Country become poor, increased
unemployment, people suffersNEED: Gender equality and social
inclusion
GENDER EQUALITY AND SOCIAL INCLUSION
An approach to mainstream WPEs GESI addresses unequal power relations
between women & men/ between different social groups
Focuses on need for rebalance these power relations
Ensure equal rights, opportunities and respect for all individuals
EXPLORING GENDER DISCRIMINATION IN NEPAL
Video Case discussion
KEY LEARNING POINTS Perceptions differ – reflection necessary by
all about inequality/discrimination Through socialization we learn how as
individuals, family, community, service providers, to include or exclude
Prescribed roles do not provide opportunity to learn new skills/men are not taught to manage households
Gender based discrimination exists in all social groups
These values, attitudes form an unconscious part of our perceptions, which in turn influence our behavior
SOCIAL INCLUSION (SI) Referred as social integration or social
cohesion Represent a vision of “society for all” and
“growth for all” Every one has rights/responsibilities &
active role to play Removal of institutional barrier& improving
access to opportunities/incentives for diverse groups of society
Not only allocating resources, quota, reservation but capacity building/access creating
INSTITUTIONS
Elites
Middle
POOR
Social InclusionSocial Inclusion::“Removal of institutional barriers and enhancement of incentives to increase access of diverse individuals and groups to development.”
Assets&
Capabilities More equitable
distribution rules
EQUALITY
CoalitionCoalition
for for Change Change
AREAS OF INCLUSION
Areas: Education Health Employmen
Tools: Affirmative action
Targeted program Reservation
EFFORTS TO PROMOTE GESI IN NEPAL
Separate article 20 in Interim Constitution 33% seats for women candidature Guarantying equal right to girls as son Removed discriminatory provisions for
women Established MWCSW/GRB Provision of separate competition for
women in Civil Service Act 2049 Made policies for asset building/Provision of
25% rebate in land purchase
CONTD. Social welfare programs Creation of NWC, NFDIN, NCDDC Introduced number of targeted
programs (Karnali employment/ youth self employment)
Strengthening local institutions for training & capacity building/vocational skills
IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGES Implementation has not been always consistent,
sometimes ad hoc/not focus GON need to design, implement and monitor the
interventions in policies, institutions & program/projects accordingly
CONCLUSION GESI for equitable development
QUERIES
Thank you