FY14 State Unmanned Aircraft System Challenge: Precision ... Web view2.1 Mission Design4. 2.2...
Transcript of FY14 State Unmanned Aircraft System Challenge: Precision ... Web view2.1 Mission Design4. 2.2...
Design NameSubmitted in Response to the Real World Design Challenge
Submitted by
Team Name
Team Member Names
(list team members, with email addresses and phone numbers, and designate team leader)
School/Organization NameAddress
Date
Mentor(s)/Advisor(s): Mentor Name
Mentor Contact Info (Address, Phone, E-mail)
Team/Coach Validating Signatures:
Participating students/team members completed Formative Surveys:
___________________________________________________________________
An electronic signature is expected.
Table of ContentsABSTRACT................................................................................................................................1
Specification Sheet....................................................................................................................2
1. Team Engagement............................................................................................................3
1.1 Team Formation and Project Operation...........................................................................3
1.2 Acquiring and Engaging Mentors.....................................................................................3
1.3 State the Project Goal......................................................................................................3
1.4 Tool Set-up/Learning/Validation.......................................................................................3
1.5 Impact on STEM...............................................................................................................3
2. Document the System Design...........................................................................................4
2.1 Mission Design.................................................................................................................4
2.2 Conceptual, Preliminary, and Detailed Design.................................................................4
2.3 Selection of System Components....................................................................................5
2.4 Component and Complete Flight Vehicle Weight and Balance........................................6
2.5 Operational Maneuver Analysis.......................................................................................6
2.6 Three View of Final Design..............................................................................................6
3. Document the Missions.....................................................................................................7
3.1 Application Plan................................................................................................................7
3.2 Detection Plan..................................................................................................................7
3.3 Overall System Performance...........................................................................................8
3.4 Safety...............................................................................................................................8
4. Document the Business Case...........................................................................................9
4.1 Market Assessment..........................................................................................................9
4.2 Profitability Analysis.........................................................................................................9
4.3 Cost / Benefits Analysis and Justification.......................................................................10
5. Conclusion.......................................................................................................................10
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6. References.......................................................................................................................10
7. Writing/Format [Remove this section from Final Document]...........................................11
7.1 References and Citations...............................................................................................11
7.2 Tone of Writing/Professional Appearance......................................................................12
7.3 Figures and Tables.........................................................................................................12
List of FiguresFigure 1. Three View of Final Unmanned System Design.......................................................6Figure 2. Description phrase to be used as title and description. [If not original] Reprinted [or adapted] from Title (page number), by Author first initial. Second initial. Surname, year, place of publication: Publisher. Copyright [Year] by the Name..................................13
List of TablesNo table of figures entries found.
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ABSTRACT
[One page summary includes brief narrative describing the design solution (describe purpose of
this document, but without reference citations). Judges will be looking for the ability to express
comprehension, and linkage between the design solutions and what students have learned.
This section is worth 15 points.]
The following reference provides examples and considerations for writing an abstract:
http://writingcenter.unc.edu/handouts/abstracts/
Keywords: [Add appropriate keywords regarding your abstract and project here]
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Specification Sheet
[This section provides an overview of your system by listing important physical and performance characteristics. Some criteria have a corresponding regulation under FAA Part 107. There will also be regulations that do not have a specific physical or performance value. For the regulations, mark whether the system is compliant or not compliant. For aircraft that perform both missions, you will need to provide the values for both missions if different (specify the mission to be clear).]
Criteria Value Regulation Compliance
Yes No
Takeoff Weight Unmanned aircraft must weigh less than 55 lbs. (25 kg).
Wingspan (fixed-wing) or Max Width (other)
Airspeed Maximum airspeed of 100 mph (87 knots)
Altitude Maximum altitude of 500 feet above ground level
Time in Flight
Distance Traveled
Number of aircraft per operator
No person may act as an operator or VO for more than one unmanned aircraft operation at one time.
Visual line-of-sight (VLOS) only; the unmanned aircraft must remain within VLOS of the operator or visual observer. At all times the small unmanned aircraft must remain close enough to the operator for the operator to be capable of seeing the aircraft with vision unaided by any device other than corrective lenses.
Small-unmanned aircraft may not operate over any persons not directly involved in the operation.
Daylight-only operations (official sunrise to official sunset, local time).
Must yield right-of-way to other aircraft, manned or unmanned.
Minimum weather visibility of 3 miles from control station.
No operations are allowed in Class A (18,000 feet & above) airspace.
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1. Team Engagement
1.1 Team Formation and Project Operation
[Explain the degree to which teams develop a strategy to win that includes establishing
leadership in project management, science, engineering, mathematics, marketing and
communications, etc. What skillset does each member bring to the team?]
1.2 Acquiring and Engaging Mentors
[Describe the degree to which your team worked aggressively to identify and leverage mentors
early and throughout the challenge process.]
1.3 State the Project Goal
[Demonstrate understanding of the parts of the Challenge Statement and how they relate to the
project goal. Has the team listed and demonstrated an understanding of each system element
and the relationship to the design solution?]
1.4 Tool Set-up/Learning/Validation
[Degree to which the team described how they overcame challenges and came up with
workable solutions for technical issues: installing and operating tools (Creo), learning to use the
tools, and validating that the tools are working as needed.]
1.5 Impact on STEM
[Discuss how participating in this challenge has influenced your perspectives on STEM, and on
your potential career paths. Also discuss the impact the Challenge has had on STEM interests
in your school.]
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2. Document the System Design
2.1 Mission Design
[Explain how the part 107 regulation affected the design of your UAS. (provide introduction here
if desired but not required)]
2.1.1 Aircraft Compliance with Part 107
[Provide a description of what elements of your design are inside and outside of the part 107
regulations.]
2.1.2 Justification of Regulatory Compliance
[Provide a justification for each area of your design that is outside of the part 107 regulations.
What benefits did you gain by going outside of the regulations and how are those benefits
important to competing the mission. For areas that your design did not go outside of part 107,
explain your reasoning and how it was beneficial to your design.]
2.1.3 Design Operations
[Explain how your aircraft completes the survey and pesticide missions. If you chose an
alternative to the aircraft to accomplish one of your two tasks, explain alternative you used and
justify why you are not using your aircraft. How did the areas inside and outside compliance of
part 107 affect your overall design and your ability to complete the surveying and spraying
missions? The description of how the missions are completed should only be an overview. The
detailed description of the missions is included in Section 3.]
2.2 Conceptual, Preliminary, and Detailed Design
[Discuss research, analysis, design decisions, and supporting rationale for each of the following:
(Sketches of the different concepts through the design process must be included. Sketches may
be in one large design flow graphic or in the individual design sections. Missing conceptual,
preliminary, or detailed sketches will result in half the points lost in their respective section.)
(provide introduction here if desired but not required)]
2.2.1 Engineering Design Process
[Discuss the engineering design processes you used. Include conceptual, preliminary and
detailed design phases.]
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2.2.2 Conceptual Design
[Discuss the many conceptual designs you considered early in the process. Identify how many
conceptual designs were considered and why you came up with those designs.]
2.2.3 Preliminary Design
[Explain how and why you narrowed down the number of designs you were considering based
on the merits of each design.]
2.2.4 Detailed Design
[Discuss the refinement and analysis processes leading to final design. What data analyses
were performed to confirm viability of design and appropriateness of element/component
selections?]
2.2.5 Lessons Learned
[Discuss key lessons that were learned in each design phase.]
2.2.6 Project Plan Updates and Modifications
[Discuss the process of how your team developed a timeline to accomplish the challenge
showing milestones to come up with your final solution. You must show a Gantt chart or similar
type of project management chart detailing project timeline with tasks and milestones.]
2.3 Selection of System Components
[Discuss selection of key items, including selection process, design decisions, and supporting
rationale for each of the following subsections: (provide introduction here if desired but not
required)]
2.3.1 Payload Selection
[Provide a detailed description of the components selected for the payload including cost, items
required, and justification of why components are the most appropriate/beneficial option
available).]
2.3.2 Air Vehicle Element Selection
[Provide detailed description of components selected for the air vehicle element (airframe
configuration, power plant [propulsion], flight controls, and onboard sensors), including cost,
number required, and justification of why components are the most appropriate/beneficial option
available. Is the aircraft appropriate for the conditions expected on a farm?]
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2.3.3 Command, Control, and Communications (C3) Selection
[Provide detailed description of components selected for the C3 element (user interface, control
station, control type [autonomous, semi, and/or manual], and communications equipment),
including cost, number required, and justification of why components are the most
appropriate/beneficial option available.]
2.3.4 Support Equipment Selection
[Provide detailed description of components selected for the support equipment element,
including cost, number required, and justification of why components are the most
appropriate/beneficial option available.]
2.3.5 Human Resource Selection
[Provide detailed description of components selected for the human resource element (crew and
operators), including cost, number required, and justification of why components are the most
appropriate/beneficial option available.]
2.4 Component and Complete Flight Vehicle Weight and Balance
[Provide results of the weight and center of gravity analyses. Location of the center of gravity
must be provided numerically (from a datum point) and graphically. The graphical location of the
center of gravity may be shown on the 3-view of the design (Section 2.6), but if on the 3-view, it
must be referenced and discussed in this section.]
2.5 Operational Maneuver Analysis
[Demonstrate by analysis that the vehicle can perform required maneuvers to support your
proposed flight operations.]
2.6 Three View of Final Design
[Include a 3-view diagram of your design with dimensions.]
The following, Figure 1, depicts the three view of the final unmanned system design.
[ADD FIGURE-CENTERED]
Figure 1. Three View of Final Unmanned System Design.
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3. Document the Missions
3.1 Application Plan
[Discuss how your design accomplishes pesticide application requirements for the field. If your
design does not perform the application mission, describe the conventional method you are
using. (provide introduction here if desired but not required)]
3.1.1 Application Theory of Operations
[Detail how your system would conduct the application mission from beginning to end. Calculate
the time and manpower (human resource element) requirements. Show the operational profile
for your system to complete the example application.]
3.1.2 Application Considerations
[What are the major considerations necessary to support your theory of operation and
application strategy? What did you do to maximize your design efficiency? Include at least: (a)
How is your system beneficial to the farmer (time, resources, etc.)? (b) How is your system
beneficial to your company? (c) Compare the spraying performance of your system to the
performance of the DJI Agras MG-1 (time, money, manpower, etc.).]
3.2 Detection Plan
[Discuss how your design accomplishes the detection requirements for the field. If your design
does not perform the detection mission, describe the conventional method you are using.
(provide introduction here if desired but not required)]
3.2.1 Detection Theory of Operations
[Detail how your system would conduct the detection mission from beginning to end. Calculate
the time and manpower (human resource element) requirements. Show the operational profile
for your system to complete the example detection.]
3.2.2 Detection Considerations
[What are the major considerations necessary to support your theory of operation and detection
strategy? What did you do to maximize your design efficiency? Include at least: (a) How did the
choice of your sensor(s) affect your design and detection strategy? (b) How is your system
beneficial to the farmer (time, resources, etc.)? (c) How is your system beneficial to your
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company? (d) Compare the detection performance of your system to the performance of the
eBee SQs (time, money, manpower, etc.).]
3.3 Overall System Performance
[Describe how the overall performance of your system compares with the given systems on the
sample field. Explain how your system will have a greater advantage if the field size is increased
or decreased. If there is an advantage your system has over the given systems, explain how
being out of compliance with part 107 gave your system an advantage considering things like
economics.]
3.4 Safety
[Explain the safety procedures of your design to account (a) for loss of signal from the pilot and
GPS and (b) for obstacle detection and avoidance. Explain how your design addresses safety
issues that arise from all areas you chose outside of part 107. Make sure to detail the potential
safety issues for each area outside the regulations and how your design addresses those safety
concerns. You must have a safety plan for every area where you are outside of compliance.]
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4. Document the Business Case
4.1 Market Assessment
[Assess the competitiveness of your system based on cost. (Provide introduction here if desired
but not required)]
4.1.1 Market Comparison
[Describe how your design choices allow your system to perform better than the systems given.
Make sure to explain how each area you are outside of compliance with part 107 improved your
ability to complete the detection and spraying missions.]
4.1.2 Field Optimization
[Explain how you calculated optimal field size based on how your design will achieve maximum
profitability. Make sure to explain how your systems profitability increases, decreases, or stays
the same as the field size increases. Describe how your system profitability increases with a
field size increase (do you have a linear profit increase as the size of the field increases, does
your system profitability increase exponentially as the field grows, or does your profitability
change in another way).]
4.1.3 Target Market Assessment
[Explain, based on research, that there are enough corn farms that are the size that you want to
operate in, to justify creating your system.]
4.2 Profitability Analysis
[Describe your strategy for minimizing your operating costs and the costs of your design.
(Provide introduction here if desired but not required)]
4.2.1 Fixed (Initial) Costs
[Explain how you calculated the initial cost of your system and your justification for those costs.
Make sure to give an explanation of how any components that are outside of part 107 has led to
lower system costs for your system.]
4.2.2 Operational Cost
[Explain the costs of flying your system. Make sure to explain how your design choices were
used to minimize your operating costs. How are the areas that you are outside of part 107 are
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used to minimize your operating costs. Explain how the cost to operate your system changed as
the field size increases or decreases.]
4.2.3 Pricing Analysis
[Explain how you determined the likely field size you plan on operating over and describe your
strategy for detecting and spraying fields. How do you plan on maximizing your profitability
without raising your prices above what farmers can afford.]
4.2.4 Regulatory Analysis
[Explain how your design helps you to achieve your strategy for profitability. Describe any area
of your design that is outside of part 107 and explain how enables you to achieve your
profitability strategy.]
4.3 Cost / Benefits Analysis and Justification
[Clearly show your cost / benefits analysis which drove your major design choices and payload
selection. (Why is your vehicle able to do its missions less expensively than another, or why is
it a better value?) Place special emphasis on justifying the decisions your team made with
respect to cost when compared to other options. What was necessary to find a balanced
approach to maximize efforts? How does the missions add value for the farmer by saving time,
saving money, and/or performing jobs easier?]
5. Conclusion[Provide a brief conclusion to your engineering notebook. Summarize the important aspects of
your design. Why your design is the best design for this challenge (make sure to base your
argument on the analysis and justification you provided in your Engineering Design Notebook)?
Be sure to justify all the design choices that you made.]
6. ReferencesThis is where the details of any reference citations are maintained. Do not include a reference
citation in the References section, if it has not been directly cited in the body of this document.
These references should be ordered alphabetically. If any of the reference have the same
author and year, place in order by the first word in the title and add an alphabetical identifier to
the year (e.g., 2012a) and ensure this year and identifier is used in any in-text citations.
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See the following list for APA formatting of required references: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/06/
7. Writing/Format [Remove this section from Final Document]In addition to specified content, this document will be judged on quality and organization of
material. Neat, orderly and readable, font size no smaller than 11 pt Arial throughout with 1.5
line spacing, except in Abstract, Captions and References (single spaced); pages numbered.
Letter size paper (8.5 in by 11 in) with 1-in margins. The Engineering Design Notebook should
follow the paragraph order of the Scoring Rubric including paragraph numbering. The Design
Notebook submission is to be limited to 80 pages maximum including cover page and
appendices. Sections past the 80-page limit will not be scored.
7.1 References and Citations
Reference citations are to be used, where appropriate, to support work. Use the following
research and reference guidelines in the development of your submission:
1) You should have references identifying the merit of your proposed research and
supporting any assertions you make. As part of this process you need to perform a basic
literature review and identify supporting material as part of your proposal. Add
references and citations to support why your research is worth pursuing. What is the
value of performing it? What will it identify that other research has not? Provide some
detail regarding any problems or issues that can be used as rationale to support why this
is valuable.
2) Add a supporting citation to every sentence that is not entirely your own observation. It is
good practice to use supporting citations as it lends credibility to what you are stating.
Add citations throughout document when you state something that is not your own
original thought. If you do not cite a source and it is not your original thought it is
PLAGIARISM.
3) When you have more than one sentence in your quote use a block quote format.
a. See References->Direct Quotation on the Purdue online writers lab (OWL)
website for further detail: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/24/
b. See the following block quotation:
Every sentence that contains information that is not ENTIRELY your own words
or thoughts needs to contain the citation for the source from which it came. Even
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if this means citing almost every sentence of a paragraph, it must be done. You
can, however, build citations into your sentence throughout the paragraph to
avoid an excess of parenthetical documentation at the end of each sentence
(APA Frequently Asked Questions…, p.2).
4) All direct quotes need a page, section, or paragraph number reference (e.g., Terwilliger,
2012, p. 4).
7.2 Tone of Writing/Professional Appearance
Avoid an informal or narrative tone. Instead focus on use of formal tone in academic writing as described in the following materials:
http://writingcommons.org/stylecc/word-choice/661-use-appropriate-academic-language http://writingcenter.waldenu.edu/1082.htm http://www.grossmont.edu/karl.sherlock/English098/Resources/Academic_Tone.pdf
Use the following grammatical and writing guidelines in the development of your submission:
Always spell check
First time use should define an acronym. For example, “The use of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) has served to reduce risk to humans by removing the crew from a
hazardous operating environment (U.S. GAO, 2008).” Subsequent uses through the
remainder of the document should be, “UAS.”
Paragraphs should be at least three sentences long
Spell out numbers under 10
Use numerals for numbers over nine
When referring to a variable, such as population (N), it should be in italics
Refrain from using contractions (e.g., don’t, can’t, didn’t, etc…). See the following for
some good tips:
http://classweb.gmu.edu/biologyresources/writingguide/PracticalTips.htm
Avoid colloquial, superlative, or slang expressions in scientific/academic writing (e.g., on
the other hand)
Refrain from self-referencing (e.g., I, myself, me) in scientific/research writing. If you
must refer to yourself, do it in the third person. For example, the researcher will…
7.3 Figures and Tables
Figure and table reference should appear in the following format (always precede the caption
and image/table with an in-text reference to explain or depict the connection to the text). For
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example, Figure 2 depicts an example for the purposes of explaining figure use, reference, and
appearance.
Figure 2. Description phrase to be used as title and description. [If not original] Reprinted [or adapted] from Title (page number), by Author first initial. Second initial. Surname,
year, place of publication: Publisher. Copyright [Year] by the Name.
See the following for more detail concerning figure uses: http://rdc.libguides.com/content.php?
pid=51657&sid=2045415
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