FY14 State Unmanned Aircraft System Challenge: Precision Agriculture

Design Name

Submitted in Response to the Real World Design Challenge

Submitted by

Team Name

Team Member Names (list team members, with email addresses and phone numbers, and designate team leader)

School/Organization Name

Address

Date

Mentor(s)/Advisor(s): Mentor NameMentor Contact Info (Address, Phone, E-mail)

Team/Coach Validating Signatures:

Participating students/team members completed Formative Surveys: ___________________________________________________________________

An electronic signature is expected.

Table of ContentsABSTRACT11.Team Engagement21.1 Team Formation and Project Operation21.2 Acquiring and Engaging Mentors21.3 State the Project Goal21.4 Tool Set-up/Learning/Validation21.5 Impact on STEM22.Document the System Design32.1 Mission Design32.2 Conceptual, Preliminary, and Detailed Design32.3 Selection of System Components42.4 System and Operational Considerations52.5 Component and Complete Flight Vehicle Weight and Balance52.6 Design Analysis52.7 Operational Maneuver Analysis52.8 CAD models52.9 Three View of Final Design53.Document the Missions73.1 Logistics Mission73.2 Survey Mission73.3 Dash Mission83.4 Additional Farm Missions83.5 Safety Procedures84.Document the Business Case94.1 Patenting Your Idea94.2 Market Assessment94.3 Cost / Benefits Analysis and Justification94.4 Additional Services94.5 Additional Commercial Applications105.Conclusion106.References107.Writing/Format [Remove this section from Final Document]117.1 References and Citations117.2 Tone of Writing/Professional Appearance127.3 Figures and Tables12

List of Figures

Figure 1. Three view of final unmanned system design.6

Figure 2. Description phrase to be used as title and description. [If not original] Reprinted [or adapted] from Title (page number), by Author first initial. Second initial. Surname, year, place of publication: Publisher. Copyright [Year] by the Name.13

List of Tables

No table of figures entries found.

FY16 Real World Design Challenge Page

ABSTRACT

[One page summary includes brief narrative describing the design solution (describe purpose of this document, but without reference citations). Judges will be looking for the ability to express comprehension, and linkage between the design solutions and what students have learned. This section is worth 15 points.]

The following references provide examples and considerations for writing an abstract:

http://www.indiana.edu/~wts/pamphlets/abstracts.shtml

http://writingcenter.unc.edu/handouts/abstracts/

Keywords: [Add appropriate keywords regarding your abstract and project here]

Team Engagement1.1 Team Formation and Project Operation

[Explain the degree to which teams develop a strategy to win that includes establishing leadership in project management, science, engineering, mathematics, marketing and communications, etc. What skillset does each member bring to the team?]

1.2 Acquiring and Engaging Mentors

[Describe the degree to which your team worked aggressively to identify and leverage mentors early and throughout the challenge process.]

1.3 State the Project Goal

[Demonstrate understanding of the parts of the Challenge Statement (objective function and design variables) and how they relate to the project goal. Has the team listed and demonstrated an understanding of each and the relationship to the design solution?]

1.4 Tool Set-up/Learning/Validation

[Degree to which the team described how they overcame challenges and came up with workable solutions for technical issues: installing and operating tools (Creo, MathCAD, Windchill), learning to use the tools, and validating that the tools are working as needed.]

1.5 Impact on STEM

[Discuss how participating in this challenge has influenced your perspectives on STEM, and on your potential career paths. Also discuss the impact the Challenge has had on STEM interests in your school.]

Document the System Design2.1 Mission Design

[Discuss the purpose of the three minimum-requirement missions that you designed. What is the payload for each mission and why? How will the aircraft performing these missions help the farmer? If you designed other missions, also include their purpose, payload, and how they will help the farmer. You may use a table to organize your information if you want. Also include how the safety requirements influenced the mission design.]

2.2 Conceptual, Preliminary, and Detailed Design

[Discuss research, analysis, considerations, design decisions, and supporting rationale for each of the following subsections: (provide introduction here if desired but not required)]

2.2.1 Engineering Design Process

[Discuss the engineering design processes that were considered. Identify the rational supporting why you chose the selected method.]

2.2.2 Conceptual Design

[Discuss the many conceptual designs you considered early in the process. Identify how many conceptual designs were considered and what rationale affected considerations.]

2.2.3 Preliminary Design

[Discuss how the team explored the design space including the relative merits of each candidate design.]

2.2.4 Detailed Design

[Discuss the refinement analysis processes leading to final design. What data analysis was performed to confirm viability of design and appropriateness of element/component selections?]

2.2.5 Lessons Learned

[Discuss key lessons that were learned in each design phase.]

2.2.6 Project Plan Updates and Modifications

[Discuss adjustments that were needed to the project plan to keep preliminary design activities on track. Identify how many design iterations were developed.]

2.3 Selection of System Components

[Discuss selection of key items, including selection process, design decisions, and supporting rationale for each of the following subsections: (provide introduction here if desired but not required)]

2.3.1 Payload Selection

[Provide detailed description of components selected for the payload element, including cost, number required, and justification of why components are the most appropriate/beneficial option available (how does the payload help make this aircraft a multipurpose tool?). Make sure to distinguish between the different missions.]

2.3.2 Air Vehicle Element Selection

[Provide detailed description of components selected for the air vehicle element (airframe configuration, powerplant [propulsion], flight controls, and onboard sensors), including cost, number required, and justification of why components are the most appropriate/beneficial option available. Is the aircraft appropriate for the conditions expected on a farm?]

2.3.3 Command, Control, and Communications (C3) Selection

[Provide detailed description of components selected for the C3 element (user interface, control station, control type [autonomous, semi, and/or manual], and communications equipment), including cost, number required, and justification of why components are the most appropriate/beneficial option available. Keep in mind that this aircraft is to be used by the farmer in the field.]

2.3.4 Support Equipment Selection

[Provide detailed description of components selected for the support equipment element, including cost, number required, and justification of why components are the most appropriate/beneficial option available.]

2.3.5 Human Resource Selection

[Provide detailed description of components selected for the human resource element (crew and operators), including cost, number required, and justification of why components are the most appropriate/beneficial option available. Remember that a requirement is that the aircraft must be able to be operated by a single person out in the field.]

2.3.6 Safety Components

[Provide detailed description of the components selected to satisfy the safety requirements. Components needed for safety may also be used for other purposes.]

2.4 System and Operational Considerations

[Discuss the tradeoffs of systems and operational considerations (e.g., FAA regulations) and their impact on your final design. How did the safety requirements impact your final design? What major considerations were necessary to find a balanced approach to maximize efforts towards the components of the objective function (mission 1, mission 2, mission 3, additional missions, and business profitability)? Provide the final values for all five parts of the objective function and the overall objective function. What aspect was the driving factor in your design? Did you go for a balanced approach or maximize one aspect over the others? Why?]

2.5 Component and Complete Flight Vehicle Weight and Balance

[Provide results of the weight and center of gravity analysis. Remember that you have at least 3 mission configurations.]

2.6 Design Analysis

[Demonstrate by analysis compliance with design requirements outlined in design variables, aircraft constraints, and assumptions background information (see FY17 RWDC State and National Unmanned Aerial System Challenge: Farmer's Companion documents). Include aerodynamics (CL, CD, CM) analysis here.]

2.7 Operational Maneuver Analysis

[Demonstrate by analysis that the vehicle can perform required maneuvers to support your proposed flight operations.]

2.8 CAD models

[Include images of your detailed design from your CAD Software.]

2.9 Three View of Final Design

[Include overall flight vehicle dimensions.]

The following, Figure 1, depicts the three view of the final unmanned system design.

[ADD FIGURE-CENTERED]

Figure 1. Three view of final unmanned system design.

Document the Missions3.1 Logistics Mission

[Provide details about your designed logistics mission in the following subsections (provide introduction here if desired but not required)]

3.1.1 Theory of Operation (Example Logistics Mission)

[Detail how your system would conduct the example logistics mission from beginning to end. Include the purpose of the mission. Calculate the time, manpower (human resource element) requirements, and show the mission profile.]

3.1.2 Logistics Mission Design Considerations

[What are the major considerations necessary to support your theory of operation? Must include at least: (a) How did the choice of farm affect your mission design? (b) How is the designed mission beneficial to the farmer (time, resources, etc.)? (c) How does using a UAS compare to other methods to complete a similar mission? (d) What compromises were necessary with this mission in order to satisfy the other required missions?]

3.2 Survey Mission

[Provide details about your designed survey mission in the following subsections (provide introduction here if desired but not required)]

3.2.1 Theory of Operation (Example Survey Mission)

[Detail how your system would conduct the example survey mission from beginning to end. Include the purpose of the mission. Calculate the time, manpower (human resource element) requirements, and show the mission profile.]

3.2.2 Survey Mission Design Considerations

[What are the major considerations necessary to support your theory of operation? Must include at least: (a) How did the choice of farm affect your mission design? (b) How is the designed mission beneficial to the farmer (time, resources, etc.)? (c) How does using a UAS compare to other methods to complete a similar mission? (d) What compromises were necessary with this mission in order to satisfy the other required missions?]

3.3 Dash Mission

[Provide details about your designed dash mission in the following subsections (provide introduction here if desired but not required)]

3.3.1 Theory of Operation (Example Dash Mission)

[Detail how your system would conduct the example dash mission from beginning to end. Include the purpose of the mission. Calculate the time, manpower (human resource element) requirements, and show the mission profile.]

3.3.2 Dash Mission Design Considerations

[What are the major considerations necessary to support your theory of operation? Must include at least: (a) How did the choice of farm affect your mission design? (b) How is the designed mission beneficial to the farmer (time, resources, etc.)? (c) How does using a UAS compare to other methods to complete a similar mission? (d) What compromises were necessary with this mission in order to satisfy the other required missions?]

3.4 Additional Farm Missions

[Provide details about your designed additional missions. For each additional mission, explain the purpose and calculate the time and manpower requirements. Also answer how the mission is beneficial to the farmer and did adding this mission capability affect the performance of the three required missions. If no additional missions were designed, provide an explanation why they were not necessary.]

3.5 Safety Procedures

[Provide details in how your design will respond to the required safety scenarios: (a) loss of signal from the pilot, (b) loss of GPS signal, and (c) obstacle avoidance. Include any other procedures that your team development for additional safety situations.]

Document the Business Case4.1 Patenting Your Idea

[Describe what process your team needs to go through to patent your UAS. Explain if your design is a modification of an existing design or a new unique design.]

4.2 Market Assessment

[Assess the competitiveness of your system at your cost. This can be done by comparison to other types of systems which do similar missions (manned aircraft, for example) or by comparison to others who conduct similar missions.]

4.3 Cost / Benefits Analysis and Justification

[Clearly show your cost / benefits analysis which drove your major design choices and payload selection. (Why is your vehicle able to do its missions less expensively than another, or why is it a better value?) Place special emphasis on justifying the decisions your team made with respect to cost when compared to other options. What was necessary to find a balanced approach to maximize efforts towards the other key components of the objective function (logistics, survey, dash, and additional mission functions)? How do the missions add value for the farmer by saving time, saving money, and/or performing jobs easier for the farmer? What was necessary to find a balanced approach with the addition of the safety requirements?]

4.4 Additional Services

[In addition to selling the UAS to the farmer, you should come up with ways to make additional money from additional services that you can provide that are related to the use of the UAS on the farm. (provide introduction here if desired but not required)]

4.4.1 Training

[Provide a training course for new owners to show them how to operate the UAS. Describe what the training course includes, how long the training lasts, what is the cost of the trainers, and how much are you charging for training. Make sure to include any FAA certifications or regulations the farmer needs to be taught. Make sure that safety is included in the training.]

4.4.2 Maintenance

[Describe what parts of the UAS may need maintenance or repair. Describe how much the parts and labor will cost you. Do you plan on doing component swapping for the UAS for the farmer if so explain? What will you charge to do work on the UAS (for this costs assume you make no profit on the parts required and base your profits on what you charge for labor). Justify the amount of maintenance work you plan on doing based on the number of UAS sold and the durability of the system.]

4.4.3 Data Analysis

[Will any of your missions require data analysis? If you have any missions for the farmer doing a survey of the field, the farmer will not know how to analyze the data. Describe what you will charge for data analysis (make sure to consider the cost of labor) and explain how long it will take. How many missions a farmer would do per year that would require analysis. Describe what the average revenue you anticipate from each UAS sold and describe the total revenue from data analysis.]

4.5 Additional Commercial Applications

[While the purpose of this design is to be used on a farm, what other potential commercial applications could your aircraft be used for? Also discuss what could be achieved if regulatory restrictions (i.e., Government rules, regulations, and licensure) were eased. Discuss what changes could be done or would be required if the aircraft was also sold outside of the U.S.]

Conclusion

[Provide a brief conclusion to your engineering notebook. Summarize the important aspects of your design. Provide the final value of each part of the objective function (5 total) and the overall value. How do these values relate to your final design and why are they the final selected values? Why your design is the best design for this challenge (make sure to base your argument on the details you provided in this report)?]

References

This is where the details of any reference citations are maintained. Do not include a reference citation in the References section, if it has not been directly cited in the body of this document. These references should be ordered alphabetically. If any of the reference have the same author and year, place in order by the first word in the title and add an alphabetical identifier to the year (e.g., 2012a) and ensure this year and identifier is used in any in-text citations.

See the following list for APA formatting of required references: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/06/

Writing/Format [Remove this section from Final Document]

In addition to specified content, this document will be judged on quality and organization of material. Neat, orderly and readable, font size no smaller than 11 Arial throughout with 1.5 line spacing, except in Abstract, Captions and References (single spaced); pages numbered. The Engineering Design Notebook should follow the paragraph order of the Scoring Rubric including paragraph numbering. The Engineering Design Notebook submission is to be limited to 80 pages maximum including cover page and appendices.

7.1 References and Citations

Reference citations are to be used, where appropriate, to support work. Use the following research and reference guidelines in the development of your submission:

1) You should have references identifying the merit of your proposed research and supporting any assertions you make. As part of this process you need to perform a basic literature review and identify supporting material as part of your proposal. Add references and citations to support why your research is worth pursuing. What is the value of performing it? What will it identify that other research has not? Provide some detail regarding any problems or issues that can be used as rationale to support why this is valuable.

2) Add a supporting citation to every sentence that is not entirely your own observation. It is good practice to use supporting citations as it lends credibility to what you are stating. Add citations throughout document when you state something that is not your own original thought. If you do not cite a source and it is not your original thought it is PLAGIARISM.

3) When you have more than one sentence in your quote use a block quote format.

a. See References->Direct Quotation on the Purdue online writers lab (OWL) website for further detail: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/24/

b. See the following block quotation:

Every sentence that contains information that is not ENTIRELY your own words or thoughts needs to contain the citation for the source from which it came. Even if this means citing almost every sentence of a paragraph, it must be done. You can, however, build citations into your sentence throughout the paragraph to avoid an excess of parenthetical documentation at the end of each sentence (APA Frequently Asked Questions, p.2).

4) All direct quotes need a page, section, or paragraph number reference (e.g., Terwilliger, 2012, p. 4).

7.2 Tone of Writing/Professional Appearance

Avoid an informal or narrative tone. Instead focus on use of formal tone in academic writing as described in the following materials:

http://writingcommons.org/stylecc/word-choice/661-use-appropriate-academic-language

http://writingcenter.waldenu.edu/1082.htm

http://www.grossmont.edu/karl.sherlock/English098/Resources/Academic_Tone.pdf

Use the following grammatical and writing guidelines in the development of your submission:

Always spell check

First time use should define an acronym. For example, The use of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) has served to reduce risk to humans by removing the crew from a hazardous operating environment (U.S. GAO, 2008). Subsequent uses through the remainder of the document should be, UAS.

Paragraphs should be at least three sentences long

Spell out numbers under 10

Use numerals for numbers over nine

When referring to a variable, such as population (N), it should be in italics

Refrain from using contractions (e.g., dont, cant, didnt, etc). See the following for some good tips: http://classweb.gmu.edu/biologyresources/writingguide/PracticalTips.htm

Avoid colloquial, superlative, or slang expressions in scientific/academic writing (e.g., on the other hand)

Refrain from self-referencing (e.g., I, myself, me) in scientific/research writing. If you must refer to yourself, do it in the third person. For example, the researcher will

7.3 Figures and Tables

Figure and table reference should appear in the following format (always precede the caption and image/table with an in-text reference to explain or depict the connection to the text). For example, Figure 2 depicts an example for the purposes of explaining figure use, reference, and appearance.

Figure 2. Description phrase to be used as title and description. [If not original] Reprinted [or adapted] from Title (page number), by Author first initial. Second initial. Surname, year, place of publication: Publisher. Copyright [Year] by the Name.

See the following for more detail concerning figure uses: http://rdc.libguides.com/content.php?pid=51657&sid=2045415