Future-proof utilities
Transcript of Future-proof utilities
Future-proof utilities
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Benefits of working with the IEC—
Simplify expansion across countries and
markets through interconnections and
interoperability
Secure customer satisfaction via
increased reliability and quality of services
Build trust and acceptability
Reduce risk through use of the world’s
state-of-the-art power industry
technologies
Manage assets, especially end-of-life
issues and the increasing intelligence of
assets.
Gain direct input into regulation,
depending on the country
Reduce costs and maintain independence
from your vendors
Protect the interests of the electric power
industry
Talk to suppliers on a neutral platform
Provide frameworks for equipment
manufacturers by participating in
the development of IEC International
Standards
Change in the electrical industry is accelerating.
Evolution of the energy sector, climate change
and the rise in distributed generation, cheaper
renewables, storage, electric vehicles and
smart technologies continue to reshape
the landscape. Technological integration
for electricity utilities is a necessity and the
industry is entering largely uncharted territory.
Electric power supply was historically a
domestic business. Regulations and standards
were developed nationally, with limited
international exchange. Today electricity utilities
must think and operate globally. The global
stage that is today’s electricity sector requires a
high-level understanding of large systems, their
subsystems and components, including risk
assessment and many other elements.
Your seat at the table—Utilities need to be at the International
Standards table and help reshape the industry
to keep it vibrant, competitive and at the
forefront of technology. For the electric power
industry, the benefits of International technical
Standards are increasing. Globalization is
evolving supply chains and creating the
demand for more flexible procurement logistics.
Shaping the new electrical industry landscape
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Strategic asset management of power networks
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Guidance for the industry —Electricity utilities’ needs are continuously
scanned, through a continuous drive to be
ahead of market trends coupled with a strategy
to develop the most efficient approach to serve
utilities’ interests. As part of this market watch
strategy, the IEC Market Strategy Board, with
the participation of Chief Technology Officers
from industry and the IEC Officers, and in
cooperation with world-renowned research
institutes, publishes its recommendations in
the form of thought leadership White Papers.
IEC White Papers1 address the most pertinent
topics facing the electric industry including:
Coping with the energy challenge2
Electrical Energy Storage3
Grid integration of large-capacity
Renewable Energy sources4
Microgrids for disaster preparedness
and recovery5
Internet of Things: Wireless Sensor
Networks6
Infrastructure for sustainable Smart Cities7
Strategic asset management of power
networks8
Factory of the future/Industry 4.09
At a glance—The IEC, with 169 countries, represents 96%
of the world energy generation and 98% of
the world population. It provides the global,
neutral and independent platform where
more than 20 000 experts from all over the
world cooperate to develop IEC International
Standards or Conformity Assessment services.
Many more experts are active in each member
country via their National Committee to the IEC.
The National Committee coordinates national
interests in electrotechnology and represents
local industry, government agencies,
academia, trade associations, end-users and
national standard developers within the IEC.
Every member country represented through
its IEC National Committee has one vote and
a say in what goes into an IEC International
Standard.
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and frequency to deliver a reliable supply of
power to ensure a stable and safe service.
This requires extended management and
control from generation at power stations,
transmission over power grids, and distribution
integrating the rapidly growing distributed
generation.
IEC International Standards recommend the
parameters within which different types of
equipment become and remain interoperable
from power generation and distribution through
to consumer devices. They also outline the PQ
specifications for legacy and new infrastructure
that sets voltage and current levels to avoid
or contain sags/dips, surges/swells and
transients.
The work of the IEC helps electric utilities
address key business issues.
#1: Customers demand a reliable, consistent power supply without paying morePower quality (PQ)—Not having reliable and regular access to
electricity has a direct impact on a country’s
economy and its ability to participate in the
global economy. Even short disturbances are
costly in today’s digital world.
The cost—A study by the US Electric Power Research
Institute (EPRI) in 2001 suggests that across all
business sectors, the U.S. economy was losing
up to USD 164 billion a year to outages and
up to USD 24 billion for PQ phenomena, such
as surges and sags in voltage, transients and
harmonics. The European Power Quality survey
report declared that PQ problems caused a
financial loss in 2008 of more than EUR 150
billion per year in the EU-25 countries. Today
the cost is undoubtedly even higher given the
impact of global digitalization.
IEC and PQ—IEC work on PQ issues focuses on how to
provide the right combination of voltage
Power utility challenges
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supply, sewage treatment, health services,
telecommunications or transportation may
stop working. Many of these defined critical
infrastructures may have standby generators.
See examples on page 9.
Cybersecurity—Energy suppliers and power grids can be
seen as a target of choice for cybercriminals,
seeking to cripple a country’s economy
and disrupt everyday life. Recognizing
cybersecurity as a major concern for utilities,
ACSEC, the IEC Advisory Committee on
Information security and data privacy, works
on matters which are not specific to one
single Technical Committee of the IEC. See examples on page 10.
#2: Maximize existing assets and prepare for the futureHeritage and future—The IEC has accompanied power utilities in
their journey since the pioneering days at the
beginning of the 1900s. The expansion of
global electricity-generating capacity and its
overall economic impact has been facilitated
by IEC work across the power generation,
transmission and distribution sectors. Almost
half of the 177 IEC Technical Committees work
in areas relevant to power utilities.
Generation and T&D—Power utilities face issues of asset
management, ageing equipment, and being
sufficiently prepared for the future. The IEC
partners with utilities to help them maximize
the lifecycle of existing infrastructures
and optimize opportunities with new
infrastructures. IEC work benefits electricity
utilities through the standardization of common
rules for system engineering, erection of
electrical power installations, and safety
aspects for power generation, transmission,
distribution and industrial installations.
Another benefit of IEC work for power utilities
comes from the system approach to electrical
energy supply, which covers the whole
electricity supply chain from production to
utilization at the customer level. This includes
terminology, electrical system reliability,
connection practices, operation, operational
safety, security, metering and characteristics of
energy supply.
Substation automation—The IEC 61850 series of IEC International
Standards on Substation automation facilitates
risk management, increases efficiency,
reliability and contributes to power quality. See examples on page 9.
IEC helps to keep the power on—From disaster risk assessment and avoidance
to mitigation, close to 60 IEC International
Standards directly support risk assessment
and help reduce or avoid the risk of disasters
resulting from the failure of electrical or
electronic systems or devices.
Disaster preparedness and recovery—When disaster strikes IEC International
Standards on electrotechnical equipment,
power plants and electric utilities are critical
tools for power utilities. After both natural
disasters and technical failures, no electricity
means that essential services such as water
(Image: ABB)
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#3: Reassure investors, insurers, regulators and end-users that you use best practiceTrillions of dollars—Global investment in the power sector is
projected to reach USD 21 trillion through to
2040, with over 40% in transmission and
distribution networks. Electrical energy has
become a central focus while the challenges
are bigger than ever.
Collaborative strength—Today, the speed of innovation is fast. It is so
fast that individual companies can no longer
develop everything alone. The IEC provides
the platforms and tools that facilitate this
broad cooperation through the development
of International Standards and Conformity
Assessment schemes, which aim to have one
Standard and one test accepted everywhere.
Interoperability
—With convergence of technologies there is a
need for smarter systems which interoperate
safely. To export surplus electricity and import
it when required, protocols need to be in
place, and systems must be able to “talk” to
those of neighbouring countries and utilities.
Infrastructure that is built with standardized
components is easier and cheaper to maintain.
Help make the rules
—In-large scale systems, a multitude of
technology solutions from many different
players need to seamlessly communicate and
interact. Only broad collaboration between
many organizations will allow us to build
the Standards that are needed in a systems
approach.
Power utilities who actively participate in the IEC
understand that they to help shape the rules their
industry will work with in the future. They see
this as an important tool which allows them to
compete globally. They also participate because
they don’t want competitors to decide what rules
they will have to work with in the future.
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LVDC—Low-voltage direct current (LVDC) applications,
distribution and safety for use in developed and
developing countries have the potential to offer
important energy efficiency savings in a broad
variety of technical applications in residential,
commercial, public, industrial, renewable
energy and e-mobility environments. This
technology could potentially have a major
impact on the entire energy consumption
landscape. The IEC is at the forefront of LVDC
technology and understands the key value
propositions. See examples on page 10.
Smart Grid—The Smart Grid Standards Map provides
quick identification of the relevant Smart Grid
Standards. Regardless of what is needed in
terms of Smart Grid, electricity utilities will find
the relevant IEC International Standards both
as an architecture view and a mapping view
showing the relationship between International
Standards and Smart Grid components.
The IEC publishes the large majority of
technical Smart Grid Standards and provides
the solid technical foundation for robust energy
networks. IEC work enables the integration
of renewables, energy storage, Smart Grids,
smart meters and the development of
microgrids.
#4: Roll out new technologies at minimal risk and costRenewable Energies on the rise
—The International Energy Agency (IEA)
projections show that the share of renewables
in total power generation could rise from 21%
in 2012 to 33% in 2040, as they represent
nearly half of the growth in global electricity
generation.
Integrating Renewable Energy
into the Grid
—IEC International Standards together with
the IEC System for Certification to Standards
Relating to Equipment for Use in Renewable
Energy Applications (IECRE) can help electricity
utilities demonstrate that they have put in
place the necessary tools to address the new
generation-demand dynamics. IECRE aims
to facilitate international trade in equipment
and services for use in Renewable Energy
sectors while maintaining the required level
of safety and performance, which is crucial
for investment and insurance purposes. IECRE
provides testing, inspection and certification
for renewable energy sectors such as wind,
marine and solar photovoltaic.
HVDC—High-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission
provides power systems with important
benefits such as flexibility, controllability, cost
effectiveness and environmental friendliness.
It presents significant advantages for large-
capacity power transmission over long
distances as well as for the interconnection of
power systems. IEC experts are at the forefront
of technological advances and development
of HVDC International Standards. Technical
Committee 17: High-voltage switchgear and
controlgear, Subcommittee 32A: High-voltage
fuses, and TC 42: High-voltage and high-
current test techniques, are some of the IEC
Technical Comittees at work in this area.
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plug-in electric vehicles and the electricity
supply infrastructure.
Through close cooperation with the automotive
industry, electricity and infrastructure
suppliers, SyC Smart Energy, SyC Smart Cities,
and relevant fora and consortia, this work will
determine the best solutions in terms of safety,
interoperability and systems performance.
Smart Energy for Smart Cities—Almost 70% of all energy produced globally
is consumed by cities. By 2050, an estimated
66% of the world’s population will live in urban
areas.
Cities are complex, multi-dimensional systems
of systems. As no single standards organization
will be able to provide everything cities need,
the work of the IEC includes wide consultation
with a broad group of external stakeholders as
well as within the IEC community.
IEC SyC on Smart Cities fosters the
development of International Standards in
the field of electrotechnology to enable the
integration, interoperability and effectiveness of
city systems.
IEC SyC Smart Energy aims to provide
systems-level standardization, coordination
and guidance in the areas of Smart Grid and
Smart Energy.
#5: Harnessing innovations to prepare new business modelsCO
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electricity supply and use are global, long-term
goals in the electricity sector.
Storage—Electrical Energy Storage (EES) will be
indispensable to reaching these goals, hence a
key component of new utility business models.
Three major drivers which will help determine
the future of EES are the increase in Renewable
Energy generation, the design and rollout of
Smart Grids, and the spread of dispersed
generation and dispersed management of
electrical energy – microgrids.
IEC work on EES allows utilities to reduce
overall generation cost, to achieve
higher efficiency with renewables and to
accommodate decentralized generation by
storing surplus energy for later use.
Microgrids—Microgrids will be a key to Smart Energy use
in communities, factories and buildings, as
well as for disaster mitigation and recovery.
Moreover, they may offer electricity utilities
new business opportunities – for example, for
large server farms or data centres which need
constant access to reliable power.
Given that this technology is complex, a
systems-level standardization approach is
needed. The IEC Systems Evaluation Group
(SEG) on Microgrids closely collaborates with
Technical Committee 8: Systems aspects for
electrical energy supply, Systems Committee
(SyC) on Smart Energy and SEG 4 on LDVC
applications, among others.
e-mobility—An increase in electrified transportation will
massively impact existing electricity networks,
which will require significant investment in
energy and charging infrastructures. IEC work
on e-mobility evaluates the interaction between
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reduction (DRR). International Standards
for electrotechnical equipment for electric
utilities are a vital tool to increase the disaster
resilience of the essential infrastructure. They
help ensure that alarm and emergency systems
are designed and built to resist failure during
extreme conditions such as natural disasters.
The IEC has also contributed to DRR through
input to the GAR 10 review, participation in
Working Session 31 in Sendai and publishing
Substation automation
—The IEC 61850 series on Substation
automation series are valuable Standards
for utilities because they participated in
their development. These Standards enable
easier asset retrofit and accommodate future
technologies. IEC 61850 is also a strong
enabler for the sustainable substation of
the future. Other benefits for power utilities
are clear and coherent utility/contractor
relationship delineation, combined with
sustainable substation management, which
provides for future-proof investments.
Disaster preparedness and recovery—Hundreds of IEC Standards provide the technical
foundation for the equipment and components
that comprise the power infrastructure. They
apply everywhere, including in disaster risk
The IEC at work ∙∙∙ some practical examples
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LVDC—The need for electricity access in developing
economies is driving the standardization of
LVDC, which with its associated technologies
offers the potential to deliver safe, efficient
electricity to remote communities. The IEC
is leading the global effort on LVDC. The IEC
SEG 4: LDVC applications, distribution and
safety for use in developed and developing
economies, is evaluating the status of LVDC
standardization and it will recommend to the
IEC Standardization Management Board the
architecture of any future IEC standardization
work programme. The SEG 4 work, with
active participation from existing IEC Technical
Committees and external stakeholders,
includes defining the voltage parameters for
LVDC, current and future market evaluation, the
development of use cases, and identification of
gaps in standardization. Technical Committee
109: Insulation co-ordination for low-voltage
equipment, Technical Committee 37: Surge
arresters, and Subcommittee 32B: Low-
voltage fuses, are some of the IEC Technical
Committees at work in the LDVC field.
the White Paper on Microgrids for disaster
preparedness and recovery 5 which can be
downloaded from the UN preventionweb 11.
Key suggestions encourage the uptake and
operation of microgrids and the development
of Standards to assist the planning of disaster
relief. Such Standards are critical to the
preparation of detailed electricity continuity
plans for a local site, and the comparison of
such plans across different sites.
Cybersecurity and electricity
utilities
—Energy installations, especially nuclear
power plants, are also seen as prime targets
for cyberattacks. IEC 62645 is the first IEC
International Standard to define adequate
programmatic measures for the prevention
of, detection of, and reaction to malicious
acts by cyberattacks. Also in preparation is an
International Standard covering requirements
for coordinating safety and cybersecurity for
instrumentation and control systems of nuclear
power plants.
ISO/IEC 27001 is the world’s common
language when it comes to assessing,
treating and managing information-related
risks. In order to help power utilities combat
cyberattacks this Standard specifies the
requirements for establishing, implementing,
maintaining and continually improving an
information security management system.
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1. IEC White Papers www.iec.ch/about/brochures/whitepapers.htm
2. Coping with the energy challenge www.iec.ch/whitepaper/energychallenge
3. Electrical Energy Storage www.iec.ch/whitepaper/energystorage
4. Grid integration of large-capacity Renewable Energy sources www.iec.ch/whitepaper/gridintegration
5. Microgrids for disaster preparedness and recovery – With electricity continuity plans and systems www.iec.ch/whitepaper/microgrids
6. Internet of Things: Wireless Sensor Networks www.iec.ch/whitepaper/internetofthings
7. Infrastructure for sustainable Smart Cities www.iec.ch/whitepaper/smartcities
8. Strategic asset management of power networks www.iec.ch/whitepaper/assetmanagement
9. Factory of the future/Industry 4.0 www.iec.ch/whitepaper/futurefactory
10. www.unisdr.org/we/inform/gar
11. www.preventionweb.net/english/professional/publications/v.php?id=42769
References
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