Future of EV in Thailand - Thailand Automotive Institute of EV in... · Future of EV in Thailand...

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Future of EV in Thailand EV Association of Thailand Presented by Vivek Vaidya Vice President, APAC A&T 3 rd December 2015

Transcript of Future of EV in Thailand - Thailand Automotive Institute of EV in... · Future of EV in Thailand...

  • Future of EV in Thailand

    EV Association of Thailand

    Presented by Vivek Vaidya

    Vice President, APAC A&T

    3rd December 2015

  • 2

    Presentation Agenda

    Global and Regional EV Market Trend

    EV Technology R&D

    EV Opportunity in ASEAN

  • 3

    EVs use electric motors instead of an internal combustion engine (ICE) to propel a vehicle. The electricpower is derived from a battery of one of several chemistries including lead acid, nickel metal hydride(NiMH), and lithium-ion (Li-ion).

    Neighbourhood Electric Vehicles (NEVs)

    Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs)

    Extended-range EVs (E-REVs)

    Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEVs)

    NEVs are a US DOT classification for vehicles weighing less than 3,000 lbs (GVW) and having a top speed of 25 mph. Generally, NEVs are restricted to operate on streets with a speed limit of 35 mph or less.

    BEVs are a European classification for small and light vehicles intended for use in urban areas, although they are also capable of operating in a mixed city-highway environment.

    E-REVs have an ICE or a secondary source connected in a series configuration to a generator to supply electricity to the batteries. Drive range and speed are comparable to ICE vehicles.

    PHEVs have an ICE with a motor along with a battery connected in parallel to the ICE. Generally, they are regarded as full hybrids with a larger motor/battery and a recharge plug.

    GEM e2, e4, e6; REVA G-Wiz i; ZENN; ZAP

    Smart EV; Th!nk City; BMW Mini

    Chevy Volt; Opel Ampera Toyota Prius PHEV

    Image Source: GEM, Th!nk Global, General Motors, Toyota, Lightning Car Company

    Electric Vehicle Segmentation

    Note: All figures are rounded. The base year is 2012. Source: Frost & Sullivan

    http://www.google.co.uk/imgres?imgurl=http://image.motortrend.com/f/auto-news/prius-phev-signals-beginning-of-toyota-plug-in-hybrid-onslaught-in-2011/27495322+w527+st0/toyota-prius-phev-front-three-quarter.jpg&imgrefurl=http://wot.motortrend.com/6599777/auto-news/prius-phev-signals-beginning-of-toyota-plug-in-hybrid-onslaught-in-2011/index.html&usg=__adEygf8CGTAFdg7N8cUrVfMrYeA=&h=330&w=527&sz=31&hl=en&start=5&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=Nk7hgT8RAWjotM:&tbnh=83&tbnw=132&prev=/images?q=Toyota+Prius+PHEV&um=1&hl=en&safe=active&sa=N&tbs=isch:1

  • 4

    Total EVs are likely to reach 10 million units by 2020. PHEVs to drive growth post 2018

    FCEV (0.1%)

    HEV (5.6%)

    ICE (91.4%)

    PHEV (1.6%)BEV (1.3%)

    New Energy Vehicle policy showing results

    Shift from full hybrids to PHEVs in the West

    Beginning of 48V HEVs?

    Witness EVs growth increase and HEV growth shrink

    Total EV Market: Sales Forecasts for ICE, HEV, PHEV, BEV, and FCEV, Global, 20132020

    Uptake of hybrid electric vehicles globally

    Chart1

    762605881695472902661145780

    79224992.4692012842115020.5185931.0166666670

    82905391.84536672378770163167.916544521298269.6742716051070

    86663321.07771332822362221470.206356341422426.9613543212500

    89244262.84301833360766335456.031571975599344.7135848867720

    93319290.71001114049548608408.868116059846439.06755765718290

    95534836.23697294778180832320.4296929281075600.4698954232141

    96776610.583284959039391012997.661292641206119.4096661158034

    ICE

    HEV

    PHEV

    BEV

    FCEV

    Sheet1

    Column120132014201520162017201820192020Column2

    ICE76,260,58879,224,99282,905,39286,663,32189,244,26393,319,29195,534,83696,776,611104,957,70192.2%

    HEV1,695,4722,012,8422,378,7702,822,3623,360,7664,049,5484,778,1805,903,9395.6%

    PHEV90,266115,021163,168221,470335,456608,409832,3201,012,9981.0%

    BEV114,578185,931298,270422,427599,345846,4391,075,6001,206,1191.1%

    FCEV- 0- 01,0702,5007,72018,29032,14158,0340.1%

  • 5

    Global Power train Split by Propulsion Type- Unit Shipments 2013-2015The need for increased fuel economy and the emergence of clean diesel technologies are propelling the growth of diesels in North America and India, at small rates. Hybrids continue to grow globally.

    88.5 88.2 87.5-88.5

    6.2 6.2 6.3-6.6

    5.3 5.5 5.4-5.8

    0.01 0.03 0.04

    80828486889092949698

    100

    2013 2014 2015

    Gasoline Diesel Flex Fuel EV

    Powertrain Market: Unit Shipments Split by Propulsion Type, Regional, 20132015Brazil China

    99.699.4

    98.9-99.3

    0.3

    0.3

    0.3-0.5

    0.10.3

    0.6-0.8

    98.098.298.498.698.899.099.299.499.699.8

    100.0

    2013 2014 2015Gasoline Diesel EV/HEV

    93.5% 92.5-93.5 91.6

    2..5%

    2.6-3.5 3..5-3.8

    3.6% 3.8-4.2 3.8-4.2

    0.4% 0.5-0.6 0.7-0.9

    86.0

    88.0

    90.0

    92.0

    94.0

    96.0

    98.0

    100.0

    2013 2014 2015Gasoline Diesel CNG/LPGHybrid EV

    71.3% 69-69.5% 69-69.5%

    27.0% 28-28.5% 28-28.5%

    50.0%60.0%70.0%80.0%90.0%

    100.0%

    2013 2014 2015

    Gasoline Diesel Hybrids EVs

    0.7% 1.2-1.4% 1.2-1.4%

    46.4% 45-46% 45.6%

    2% ~2% 3-4%51.7% 52-53% 51.5-52.5%

    0%20%40%60%80%

    100%

    FY 2013 FY 2014 FY 2015

    Gasoline Diesel Alternative Propulsion

    North America

    Japan India

    Vehicle type with maximum growth in 2014 Note: All figures are rounded. The base year is 2014.. Data are based on Frost and Sullivan estimates where unavailable. Source: Respective national automotive agencies; Frost & Sullivan

  • 6

    23,253

    572

    16,949

    580

    9,001

    29,293

    21,563

    199

    16,062

    16,0803,799

    19,698

    1,000

    19,474

    5,005

    0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000

    Renault

    Nissan

    General

    Motors

    Mitsubishi

    ToyotaTesla

    APACChinaNorth AmericaEurope

    70,233

    2,144

    4,358

    1,277

    28,880

    20,991

    32,265

    20,370

    1,911

    0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000

    Renault

    Nissan

    General

    Motors

    Mitsubishi

    ToyotaTesla

    NEVPHEVeREVBEV

    Total EV Market: Top OEM Breakdown by Region and EV Type, Global, 2014

    Comparative Analysis of Top EV OEMs by Region and Type2014Nissan continues to lead the EV market with over 68,000 units sold globally; maximum sales occurred in the United States.

    Source: Frost & Sullivan

  • 7

    110,816

    21,828

    1,843 3,506 2,68518,191

    2,236

    22,11030,071

    953 2,735 7,331 5,610

    28,176

    2,500 2,616

    25,455

    129,217

    EV Sales 2015In 2015, over 415,000 units of hybrid electric vehicles are likely to be sold globally, a jump in comparison to 301,000 units sold in 2014.

    Total EV Market: Sales by Country, Global, 2015

    Note: Numbers have been extrapolated for November and December.

    Europe 147,274

    Europe35%

    NA27%

    China31%

    Japan6%

    South Korea

    1%

    Total EV Market: Percent Sales Breakdown by Region, Global, 2015

    Total EV Market: Percent Sales Breakdown by EV Type, Global, 2015

    BEV58.3%

    eREV6.9%

    PHEV41.2%

  • 8

    2022

    2015

    0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4

    Forecast and Type Split- Electrified PowertrainsClose to 30% of electrified vehicles produced in 2022 are expected to be PHEVs and will replace FHEV by more than 50%. Battery electrics will also grow to almost three fold the current volumes.

    European Powertrain Market- Sales Split of Electrified Vehicles, Europe, 2015 and 2022

    Million Units

    PHEV, ~30% FHEV, 26-27%BEV,

    30-31%MHEV,11-13%

    PHEV, 10% FHEV, 60% BEV, 22%MHEV, 8% 0.40 - 0.41 Mn Units

    1.2 - 1.3 Mn Units

    Mild Hybrids Full Hybrids Battery Electric

    Daimler 30-35%

    FIAT 15-20%

    FORD 10-15% PSA, BMW 10-12%

    Daimler 12-15%

    Toyota 40-45%%

    PSA - 11-14%

    Renault Nissan25-30%

    BMW 12-14%

    VW 10-11%

    Source: Frost & Sullivan

    European Powertrain Market- Electrified Vehicles Sales- Market Share of Top Manufacturers, 2022

    Note: Range Extenders and FCV have also been included in BEV category, as production volumes are less in comparison.

    Tesla 12-14%

    Honda 15-20%

    Plug In Hybrids

    Daimler 12-14%

    Toyota22-25%

    VW 22-25%

  • 9

    EV to Watch Out: Tesla Model X, has many firstsA lifestyle SUV creating a new segment for itself lauded as the safest, most aerodynamic and quickest SUV in the world, provides hospital like air in the passenger cell

    Safety & ADAS:Safest SUV EVER (NHTSA 5 star)

    + Front trunk acts as large, impact absorbing crumple zone

    + Active sensors with emergency braking and collision avoidance systems

    + Floor mounted battery lowers the centre of gravity which resists rollovers

    + Battery support structure provides incredible side impact protection

    + Medical grade HEPA filter removes pollen, bacteria, viruses and pollution from cabin air

    Design:+ Falcon Wing doors allow easy access to 2nd

    & 3rd row seats from a tight parking space,+ Panoramic windshield Optimized solar

    tinting and obstruction-free+ Storage space front, rear and under the

    seat + only EV with 5,000 pound towing+ Automatic keyless entry, with automatically

    opening front doors

    Most aerodynamic SUV ever with Cd=0.24

    P90D AWD250 miles range (EPA est.) 257 miles range (EPA est.)

    3.8s 0-60 mph3.2s with Ludicrous Speed

    4.8s 0-60 mph

    259 hp front, 503 hp rear motor 259 hp front & rear motor

    155 mph top speed 155 mph top speed

    Autonomous Driving (Autopilot):+ First OEM to provide high

    degree of autonomous driving in cars

    + Autosteer, auto lane change, autopark and side-collision warning

    + 85kWh Lithium ion battery+ 8 year, infinite mile battery

    and drive unit warranty+ Free access to

    supercharger network

  • 10

    0

    5,000

    10,000

    15,000

    20,000

    25,000

    30,000

    35,000

    NorthAmerica

    SouthAmerica

    China India Russia Europe Next 11 Rest-of-World

    HD MD

    Region

    Hybrid and Electric Truck Market: Electric Truck Penetration Rate and Unit Shipment Forecast, 20132022

    2013

    2022 Regional Shares

    2022

    ~600

    ~48,600

    24%

    32.2%

    22%

    28%

    30%

    100% 76% 18%

    67.8%

    78% 72% 71%

    70%

    Uni

    ts

    80%82% 17% 83%29% 20%

    Electric Truck MarketPenetration and Unit Shipment ForecastElectric truck penetration in the HD truck segment will be limited by the slow pace of advancement in battery and charging technologies; China is expected to observe the highest demand for MD-HD electric trucks by 2022.

    Note: All figures are rounded. The base year is 2013. Source: Frost & SullivanHD 16 T and above, MD 6 T to 16 T.

  • 11

    x Ranking of region according to the market size of electric MD and HD truck volumes

    China

    Global Sharefor Electric: 68.3%

    India

    Global Sharefor Electric: 0.3%

    Latin AmericaGlobal Sharefor Electric: 1.2%

    RussiaGlobal Sharefor Electric: 0.8%

    EuropeGlobal Sharefor Electric: 12%

    North AmericaGlobal Sharefor Electric: 13.5%

    Rest-of-WorldGlobal Sharefor Electric: 2.8%

    1

    457

    63

    2

    68%

    32%

    ~33,200

    ~200

    83%17%

    ~2,400 (36.7%)

    80%

    20%

    82%

    18%

    Hybrid and Electric Truck Market: Top RegionsMD and HD Electric Truck Forecast, Global, 2022

    Note: Ball size denotes market size by unit shipment(%) denotes the market penetration of electric MD and HD trucks in the respective regions

    ~1,350

    ~8,500

    ~400

    ~600

    72%

    28%

    ~5,800

    MD Trucks

    HD Trucks

    78

    %~130

    76%

    24%

    ~6,500

    Snapshot of Global MD and HD Electric TrucksBy 2022, the share of electric trucks is likely to reach 1.1% of total truck sales; the MD segment will account for around 70% of electric trucks in 2022.

    Note: All figures are rounded. The base year is 2013. Source: Frost & Sullivan

    82%

    18%

    22%

    78%

  • 12

    Presentation Agenda

    Global and Regional EV Market Trend

    EV Technology R&D

    EV Opportunity in ASEAN

  • 13

    Components and Systems change due to emergence of EVs and Hybrids

    Cha

    ssis

    2005 2012 2018

    Pow

    er tr

    ain

    Conventional Vehicles Electric Vehicles

    Hydraulic Power Steering

    Electro Hydraulic Power Steering

    Electric Power Steering Column, Pinion, and Rack

    Active Front Steering

    Steer by

    Wire

    Hydraulic Braking System

    Electro Hydraulic Braking System Brake By Wire (Electro Mechanical Braking)

    Hydraulic Braking System + Electric Vacuum Pump

    Electric Motors (35 kW 250 kW) Induction/PMM/SR DrivesConventional IC Engines (Gasoline/Diesel)

    Lead Acid Batteries (Starting, Lighting, Ignition) Lead Acid Batteries (SLI) + Lithium Ion Batteries (10 kWH 75 kWH)

    Manual/Automatic/Dual Clutch Transmissions and Differential

    Engine Coolant Pumps Electrical Coolant Pumps

    Integrated Transmission (variator-based) and Differential with Electric Motor

    Conventional Transmission and Differential Systems In-Wheel Motors, without Transmission and Differential

    Stee

    ring

    Bra

    king

    Engi

    neG

    earb

    oxB

    atte

    ry

    Source: Frost & Sullivan analysis

  • 14

    Components and Systems change due to emergence of EVs and Hybrids

    Pow

    er S

    yste

    ms

    2005 2012 2018

    Acce

    ssor

    ies

    Conventional Vehicles Electric Vehicles

    Power Harness 12V

    DC/DC Converters, MOSFETs, 8-bit Microcontrollers

    Power Harness 12V/ 300V- 400V

    CAN/TT-CAN/Flex RayLIN/CAN

    Rubber and Synthetic Isolators Power Train

    Sound Generators for Noise Generation

    Conventional HVAC System E-HVAC System (Electric Compressors)

    Water Pumps Electric Water Pumps

    Pow

    er E

    lect

    roni

    csH

    VAC

    & P

    umps

    Noi

    seDashboard Battery SOC, Battery Temperature Indicator, Motor

    Speed, Vehicle Speed, Distance CalculatorDashboard Speed, Fuel indicator, RPM

    Inte

    riors

    &

    Acou

    stic

    s

    Das

    h

    High-frequency Acoustic Isolators

    Stepped DC/DC, DC/AC Converters, IGBTs, 16-32 bit Microcontrollers, Inverters

    Source: Frost & Sullivan analysis

  • 15

    Hybrid Vehicle Technology Electric Vehicle Technology

    Full Hybrid Vehicle Mild Hybrid Vehicle BEV eREV PHEV NEV

    Chevrolet Volt

    Toyota Prius PHEV

    Nissan Leaf Mahindra RevaToyota Prius V Honda Insight

    Source: Frost & Sullivan

    NiMH Li-ion NiMH Li-ion Li-ion Li-ion Li-ion Li-ion

    12 Volt 48 Volt Hybrid PHEV/eREV BEV

    Energy Content ~300 Wh 0.25 1 kWh 0.2 3 kWh 6-18 kWh 16-60 kWh

    Power ~3 kW 8 11 kW 10 50 kW 50 120 kW 50 120 kW

    Voltage 12 V 48 V 120/400 V 400 V 400 V

    Weight ~ 5 kg ~ 10 Kg 10-40 Kg 80-200 Kg 200-500 Kg

    Cooling - AC cooling/ Liquid Air/ Liquid Liquid Liquid

    Electric Propulsion TechnologyAlthough mild and full hybrid EVs use NiMh batteries, they will shift to Li-ion batteries in the next 23 years.

    Total EV Market: Electric Propulsion Technology, Global, 2014

    Image Source: Toyota, Honda, Nissan, GM , Toyota, Mahindra

    Electric Propulsion Technology

  • 16

    Future Battery Chemistries Technology RoadmapLi-S and Zn-air batteries are likely to be adopted within the next 8 years followed by Li-air batteries in about a decade.

    Total EV Market: Future Battery Chemistries in EVs, Technology Roadmap, Global, 20152030

    2015 2020 2025 2030

    Li-ion

    Li-S

    Zn-air

    Li-air

    LaunchEnergy Density

    Cost

    Lifecycle

    LaunchEnergy Density

    Cost

    Lifecycle

    LaunchEnergy Density

    Cost

    Lifecycle

    LaunchEnergy Density

    Cost

    Lifecycle

    Second Generation EVs Third Generation EVs

    110-150 Wh/kg > 250 Wh/kg

    $300-$400/kWh $150-$200/ kWh

    700-1,500 cycles > 1,500 cycles

    Prototype and Testing Introduction

    500-600 Wh/kg (theoretical) 400 Wh/kg (practical)

    $400-$500/ kWh $100-$150/ kWh

    500-1,000 > 1,000

    Prototype and Testing Introduction

    450-500 Wh/kg 380 Wh/kg (practical)

    $400-$500/kWh $100-$150/kWh

    150-800 > 1,000

    Prototype Introduction800-900 Wh/kg

    (theoretical) 600 Wh/kg

    $500-$600 kWh $300-$400/ kWh100-300 >1,000

    Source: Frost & Sullivan

  • 17

    0 20 40 60 120 140 180 20080 100 220160 240

    NEV/QC

    CEV

    PHEV/eREV

    HPEV

    Motor Power (kW)

    4 25

    30 150

    47 140

    120 230

    Analysis of Motor Rating by ApplicationMore than 95 per cent of the motors used in EVs are in the 40120 kW band

    Source: Frost & Sullivan analysis

    Ideal Power rating band for economies?

    m-HEV

    f-HEV

    20 140

    60 240

  • 18

    Chademo GB/T Combo 1 Combo 2

    Regional SupportJapan China US Germany

    Connector

    Vehicle Inlet

    SAE Approval

    IEC Approval

    OEM Support

    E.g., Nissan, Suzuki, Toyota, Mitsubishi, Mazda, Kawasaki

    E.g., Most of the Chinese OEMS such

    as BYD, Denza

    E.g., Chrysler, Ford, General Motors

    E.g., Volkswagen, BMW, Audi, Daimler,

    Porsche

    Communication Protocol

    CAN CAN PLC PLC

    Total EV Market: Acceptable DC Charging Standards, Global, 2014

    Source: Frost & Sullivan

    EV Direct Current (DC) Charging Connectors Chademo has been accepted as a global standard by the IEC; however, SAE has not yet approved it.

    Key: International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC); Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE); Guobiao standards (GB/T) controller area network (CAN); programmable logic controller (PLC) Image Source: Renault

  • 19

    Presentation Agenda

    Global and Regional EV Market Trend

    EV Technology R&D

    EV Opportunity in ASEAN

  • 20

    Thailand, Malaysia & Indonesia have all embarked on eco-friendly vehicles and have come up with their policies/initiatives

    Eco & Green Car Programs: Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand

    Low Cost Green Car in Indonesia

    Eco cars in Thailand

    EEVs

    in Malaysia

    Domestic Market Focused

    Price Cap ensures affordability

    Basic features / No frills

    Strong Export Orientation

    Production Volume Focus

    Euro 4 + / advanced

    Regional Aspirations

    No Binding Conditions

    Conventional to Advanced

    Technology

    Source:: Frost & Sullivan

  • 21

    50.5% 51.2% 83.9% 82.9%74.9% 74.5%

    42.1%41.0%

    13.5% 14.0%

    25.1%25.2%

    1.2%

    1.3%

    2.5% 2.8%

    0.2%0.1%

    0.1% 0.3%

    5.8%

    5.9% 0.03%

    0.05%

    0.4%0.5%

    0

    0.2

    0.4

    0.6

    0.8

    1

    1.2

    1.4

    2013 2014 2013 2014 2013 2014

    Uni

    ts (M

    illio

    n)

    Year

    Gasoline Diesel Hybrid EV CNG/NGV FFV(E85)

    ASEAN Powertrain MarketUnit Shipment Forecast by Powertrain MixGasoline will continue to dominate the ASEAN markets. Regional powertrain differences exist.

    Powertrain Market: Unit Shipment Forecast by Powertrain Mix, ASEAN, 2013 and 2014

    MalaysiaThailand Indonesia

    ~1.26

    ~0.64 ~0.66~1.03

    ~1.12

    ~1.18

    67.4%

    29.4%

    1.0%2.0%

    0.2%

    2013

    ~3.0 Million

    6768%

    2930%

    2014

    3.03.2 Million

    ~1.0%

    ~2.0%~0.2%

    ~0.1%

    Note: All figures are rounded. The base year is 2013. Source: Frost & Sullivan

  • 22

    Solution Considered Usage

    Reasons for Acceptance

    Top Mode to be replaced

    Top Occasion Top Cities

    Motorized Mover

    Motorized Chair

    Covered Two

    Wheeler

    Compact Electric Vehicle

    Acceptance of Compact Electric Vehicles Is the highest followed by covered two wheeler, motorized mover is the best accepted last mile connectivity solution

    42%

    39%

    49%

    52%

    1. Environmentally friendly (20%)

    2. Improves Speed (14%)3. Economic (14%)

    1. Walking (59%)2. Individual (53%)3. Public (33%)

    1. To a store2. To work3. Entertainment or leisure

    1. Jakarta2. Shanghai3. Beijing4. New Delhi5. Mexico City

    1. Environmentally friendly (24%)

    2. Economic (15%)3. Convenient (12%)

    1. Individual (64%)2. Walking (48%)3. Public (35%)

    1. To work2. To a store3. Entertainment or leisure

    1. Environmentally friendly (23%)

    2. Economic (17%)3. Convenient (13%)

    1. Individual (71%)2. Walking (35%)3. Public (42%)

    1. To work2. To a store3. Entertainment or leisure

    1. Environmentally friendly (28%)

    2. Economic (22%)3. Convenient (11%)

    1. Individual (74%)2. Public (42%)3. Walking (29%)

    1. To work2. To a store3. To see friendsor family

    1. Shanghai2. Beijing3. Jakarta4. New Delhi5. Rio

    1. Jakarta2. Shanghai3. Beijing4. Rio5. Mexico City

    1. Jakarta2. Shanghai3. Beijing4. Mexico City5. New Delhi

    Source: Frost & Sullivan analysis

    Acceptance of Compact Electric Vehicle, World , 2025

  • 23

    Acceptance of Micro-mobility solutionsJEI seems to have an inverse correlation to acceptance of micro mobility solutions. The acceptors also happen to be cities from emerging markets

    Jakarta

    Shanghai

    Beijing

    New Delhi

    Mexico City

    Motorized Mover Motorized Chair Two Wheeler Compact Electric Vehicle

    Considered Usage

    Impact on Travel

    Considered Usage

    Impact on Travel

    Considered Usage

    Impact on Travel

    Considered Usage

    Impact on Travel

    Considered Usage

    Impact on Travel

    Top 2Cannot imagineBottom 2Source: Frost & Sullivan analysis

    Acceptance level of Micro-mobility solutions, World , 2012

    Chart1

    -9.772.8-17.6

    -3252.8-15.3

    -20.969.1-10

    -29.470.6-10

    -24.266.8-9

    -22.366.4-11.4

    -25.355466379960.4-14.2

    -21.465.2-13.4

    -14.857.9-27.3

    -18.449.4-32.2

    Can not imagine

    Top

    Low

    Sheet1

    Considered usageImpact on travelConsidered usageImpact on travelConsidered usageImpact on travelConsidered usageImpact on travelConsidered usageImpact on travel

    Can not imagine-9.70-32.00-20.90-29.40-24.20-22.30-25.36-21.40-14.80-18.40

    Top72.8052.8069.1070.6066.8066.4060.4065.2057.9049.40

    Low-17.60-15.30-10.00-10.00-9.00-11.40-14.20-13.40-27.30-32.20

    JakartaShanghaiBeijingNew DelhiMexico City

    Chart1

    -1269.9-18.1

    -33.748.7-17.7

    -17.675.9-6.4

    -12.780.3-7

    -13.270.1-6.8

    -25.665.7-8.7

    -19.460.7-19.9

    -21.762.8-15.5

    -18.449.3-32.3

    -26.343.9-29.8

    Can not imagine

    Top

    Low

    Sheet1

    Considered usageImpact on travelConsidered usageImpact on travelConsidered usageImpact on travelConsidered usageImpact on travelConsidered usageImpact on travel

    Can not imagine-12.00-33.70-17.60-12.70-13.20-25.60-19.40-21.70-18.40-26.30

    Top69.9048.7075.9080.3070.1065.7060.7062.8049.3043.90

    Low-18.10-17.70-6.40-7.00-6.80-8.70-19.90-15.50-32.30-29.80

    JakartaShanghaiBeijingNew DelhiMexico City

    Motorised Chair

    Chart1

    -9.186.4-4.6

    -28.366.1-5.5

    -1080-10

    -1477.5-8.5

    -17.476-6.6

    -14.480-5.5

    -24.867.6-7.7

    -23.371-5.7

    -15.370.6-14.1

    -1766.5-16.4

    Can not imagine

    Top

    Low

    Sheet1

    Considered usageImpact on travelConsidered usageImpact on travelConsidered usageImpact on travelConsidered usageImpact on travelConsidered usageImpact on travel

    Can not imagine-9.10-28.30-10.00-14.00-17.40-14.40-24.80-23.30-15.30-17.00

    Top86.4066.1080.0077.5076.0080.0067.6071.0070.6066.50

    Low-4.60-5.50-10.00-8.50-6.60-5.50-7.70-5.70-14.10-16.40

    JakartaShanghaiBeijingNew DelhiMexico City

    Covered Two Wheeler

    Chart1

    -686.6-7.4

    -23.267.3-9.5

    -13.780.8-5.5

    -14.681.3-4

    -15.376.7-8

    -15.776.2-8

    -15.273.4-11.5

    -19.871.2-9

    -9.577.2-13.3

    -13.376-10.7

    Can not imagine

    Top

    Low

    Sheet1

    Considered usageImpact on travelConsidered usageImpact on travelConsidered usageImpact on travelConsidered usageImpact on travelConsidered usageImpact on travel

    Can not imagine-6.00-23.20-13.70-14.60-15.30-15.70-15.20-19.80-9.50-13.30

    Top86.6067.3080.8081.3076.7076.2073.4071.2077.2076.00

    Low-7.40-9.50-5.50-4.00-8.00-8.00-11.50-9.00-13.30-10.70

    JakartaShanghaiBeijingNew DelhiMexico City

    Compact Electric Vehicle

  • 24

    Key Challenges in ASEAN EV Industry

    Lack of Standardization

    among EV component

    technologies

    Economies of Scale Lack of

    Volumes resulting in high

    price

    Low Consumer confidence in

    terms of safety and range

    anxiety along with low fuel

    costs

    EV infrastructure at nascent stage and all stake

    holders need to work together to

    increase EV penetration

  • 25

    EV Opportunity in ASEAN

    Local government push for EVs by

    providing incentives

    Key technologylearning

    from other Global regions resulting

    in faster technologydevelopment

    EV Market at nascent stage and potential ASEAN production

    hub

    Regional and Global OEMs focus on

    EV market

    Future of EV in ThailandSlide Number 2Slide Number 3Total EVs are likely to reach 10 million units by 2020. PHEVs to drive growth post 2018Global Power train Split by Propulsion Type- Unit Shipments 2013-2015The need for increased fuel economy and the emergence of clean diesel technologies are propelling the growth of diesels in North America and India, at small rates. Hybrids continue to grow globally.Slide Number 6Slide Number 7Forecast and Type Split- Electrified PowertrainsClose to 30% of electrified vehicles produced in 2022 are expected to be PHEVs and will replace FHEV by more than 50%. Battery electrics will also grow to almost three fold the current volumes.EV to Watch Out: Tesla Model X, has many firstsA lifestyle SUV creating a new segment for itself lauded as the safest, most aerodynamic and quickest SUV in the world, provides hospital like air in the passenger cellSlide Number 10Slide Number 11Slide Number 12Components and Systems change due to emergence of EVs and HybridsComponents and Systems change due to emergence of EVs and HybridsSlide Number 15Future Battery Chemistries Technology RoadmapLi-S and Zn-air batteries are likely to be adopted within the next 8 years followed by Li-air batteries in about a decade.Slide Number 17Slide Number 18Slide Number 19Thailand, Malaysia & Indonesia have all embarked on eco-friendly vehicles and have come up with their policies/initiativesASEAN Powertrain MarketUnit Shipment Forecast by Powertrain MixGasoline will continue to dominate the ASEAN markets. Regional powertrain differences exist. Slide Number 22Acceptance of Micro-mobility solutionsJEI seems to have an inverse correlation to acceptance of micro mobility solutions. The acceptors also happen to be cities from emerging marketsKey Challenges in ASEAN EV IndustryEV Opportunity in ASEAN