Genetics and

Biotechnology

The combination Tt represents a ________ genotype.

A. purebred

B. homozygous

C. heterozygous

D. recessive

A segment of DNA which controls a trait is a

A. cell

B. chromosome

C. phosphate group

D. gene

The process of an organism passing on its traits to its offspring is called

A. phenotype

B. heredity

C. Punnett Square

D. pedigree

Robert crossbreeds two plants, one with red flowers and one with white flowers. He discovers the offspring plants produce red flowers. Robert determines that

A. The red flower allele is dominant

B. The red flower shows incomplete dominance

C. The white flower allele is dominant

D. The white flower shows incomplete dominance

Pete crossbreeds two plants, one with dark blue flowers and one with white flowers. Weeks later she discovers that the offspring plants have light blue flowers. Pete determines that the

A. dark blue flower allele is dominant

B. light blue flower allele is dominant

C. dark blue flower allele shows incomplete dominance

D. light blue flower allele is completely recessive

In a genetic cross, the male parent is listed as Rr. The “R” and “r” represent

A. alleles

B. base pairs

C. hybrids

D. phenotypes

Biotechnology is the process by which humans use _______ as tools to meet their wants and needs

A. biology

B. technology

C. computers

D. living things

Which of the following does not make up a DNA molecule?

A. carbon dioxide

B. sugars

C. phosphates

D. nitrogen base

If a father is homozygous right-handed (RR) and the mother is left-handed (rr), what chance will their children be left-handed?

A. 100%

B. 75%

C. 50%

D. 0%

Which of the following best describes the shape of the DNA molecule?

A. spindle-shaped

B. diploid

C. double helix

D. spherical

The parents have the same genotype. What is it? (see green box)

A. FF

B. Ff

C. ff

D. short fur

Fur length is an inherited trait in guinea pigs. Short fur is dominant (F) and long fur is recessive (f). Two parents with short fur have an offspring with long fur.

What genotype is the offspring with long fur? (see green box)

A. FF

B. Ff

C. ff

D. long fur

Fur length is an inherited trait in guinea pigs. Short fur is dominant (F) and long fur is recessive (f). Two parents with short fur have an offspring with long fur.

What are the possible genotypes for the offspring of two parents whose genotypes are both heterozygous for fur length?(see green box)

A. FF

B. Ff

C. ff

D. All of the above

Fur length is an inherited trait in guinea pigs. Short fur is dominant (F) and long fur is recessive (f). Two parents with short fur have an offspring with long fur.

A condition caused by mutations in genes or chromosomes (ex. Down’s Syndrome) is

A. cloning

B. bioremediation

C. genetic disorder

D. artificial selection

Intentionally breeding two organisms to get certain desired traits over others

A. mutation

B. gene therapy

C. gene splicing

D. artificial selection

Using normal genes to help or replace defective genes is

A. mutation

B. gene therapy

C. gene splicing

D. artificial selection

The creation of an organism, or part of an organism, that is an exact copy of another is

A. cloning

B. hybridization

C. gene splicing

D. genetic disorder

Purposely interbreeding rwo different organisms is

A. cloning

B. hybridization

C. gene splicing

D. genetic disorder

Cutting DNA of a gene to add different DNA is

A. gene copying

B. hybridization

C. gene splicing

D. genetic disorder

Changes to the DNA sequence of the genetic material of an organism that may be harmful or helpful is called

A. adaptation

B. mutation

C. genetic disorder

D. hybridization

An organism used as food whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques is called

A. genetically modified food

B. Superfood

C. technology

D. hybridization

Engineering and adapting organisms to help clean up contaminated environments is

A. bioremediation

B. natural selection

C. ethnic cleansing

D. hybridization

SpongeBob SquarePants and SpongSuzie RoundPants asked Patrick to babysit Baby SpongeJimmy SquarePants one day. Patrick to SpongeJimmy to the park, but unfortunately Patrick got distracted while jellyfishing and SpongeJimmy Floated away and started playing with another sponge baby. Now Patrick cannot tell which of the two sponge babies is SpongeJimmy. Please help Patrick determine which of the two sponge babies is SpongeJimmy by analyzing the following DNA fingerprints.

Here are the DNA fingerprints of everybody.

Which of the sponge babies is actually SpongeJimmy?

Baby #1

Here are the DNA fingerprints of everybody.

Support the reason you picked Baby #1.

SpongeJimmy has lines from both parents

Here are the DNA fingerprints of everybody.

Using your knowledge of meiosis, why is SpongeJimmy’s DNA not exactly like his mother’s or father’s DNA?

He can inherit some chromosomes from each parent.

Here are the DNA fingerprints of everybody.

How many of SpongeJimmy’s DNA bands came from SpongeBob and SpongeSuzie?

4 from SpongeBob and 2 from SpongeSuzie.

One section of DNA has the base sequence AGATTC. What is the base sequence on the other strand?

A. CCGTA

B. TCTAAG

C. TCATTG

D. CCGGATA

Which of the following is listed from simplest (most basic) to most complex?

A. gene, base pair, chromosome

B. chromosome, base pair, gene

C. base pair, gene, chromosome

D. gene, chromosome, base pair

At the end of interphase of the cell cycle, the chromosomes have failed to double, which process did not occur?

A. mitosis

B. meiosis

C. splicing

D. replication