FungusFungus

P.B.&J.

Tomato

Popcorn

Wheat Bread

Cake

Oral ThrushOral Thrush

Skin FungusSkin Fungus

Ringworm

Advanced Athlete’s Foot

Ringworm - Foot of 77 year old Woman

ParacoccidioidomycosiParacoccidioidomycosis s

What is Fungus?What is Fungus?

Have cell walls (Chitin)Have cell walls (Chitin) EukaryoticEukaryotic Unicellular (yeast)Unicellular (yeast) Most MulticellularMost Multicellular HeterotrophicHeterotrophic

– (Extracellular Digestion)(Extracellular Digestion) Absorptive heterotrophAbsorptive heterotroph

Decomposers, Parasites Decomposers, Parasites or Mutualistsor Mutualists

Fungal StructureFungal Structure

HyphaeHyphae– Threadlike filaments that develop Threadlike filaments that develop

from sporesfrom sporesa.a. AnchorAnchor

b.b. ReproductiveReproductive

c.c. Invade Energy SourceInvade Energy Source

MyceliumMycelium– Network of HyphaeNetwork of Hyphae

FeedingFeeding

Extracellular DigestionExtracellular Digestion• Food is digested outside of cellFood is digested outside of cell• Digested products then AbsorbedDigested products then Absorbed

3 Types of Feeding3 Types of Feeding• SaprophytesSaprophytes• MutualistsMutualists• ParasitesParasites

SaprophytesSaprophytes DecomposersDecomposers

– Dead organic materialDead organic material

MutualistsMutualists Form symbiotic relationship with Form symbiotic relationship with

another organismanother organismExample: Mycorrhiza Mycorrhiza

– Tree RootsTree Roots– Give: Water Give: Water Absorption, Absorption, Make minerals Make minerals availableavailable– Get : “Food” Get : “Food” from Treefrom Tree

90% of all trees 90% of all trees depend on Mycorrhizadepend on Mycorrhiza

ParasiticParasitic

Absorb nutrients from the cells of Absorb nutrients from the cells of hosthost

Can produce special hyphae Can produce special hyphae known as known as HaustoriaHaustoria– Penetrate host cell and absorb Penetrate host cell and absorb

nutrients directlynutrients directly

Butt Rot

ReproductionReproduction

FragmentationFragmentation– Hyphae that get broken off to form new Hyphae that get broken off to form new

MyceliaMycelia BuddingBudding

– Asexual reproductionAsexual reproduction Mitosis occurs and a new individual pinches off Mitosis occurs and a new individual pinches off

from parentfrom parent

Spores (Most produce spores)Spores (Most produce spores)– Reproductive cell that can develop into Reproductive cell that can develop into

new organismnew organism

Spores Cont.Spores Cont. Hyphae emerge from sporeHyphae emerge from spore

SporangiumSporangium– Specialized hyphae that grow away from Specialized hyphae that grow away from

myceliummycelium– Structure containing sporesStructure containing spores

Over 1 trillion spores can be released Over 1 trillion spores can be released from a single sporangiumfrom a single sporangium– Spores can be dispersed by way of: wind, Spores can be dispersed by way of: wind,

animals & wateranimals & water