FUNGAL DIVERSITY OF VICTORIA PARK RESERVED...

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FUNGAL DIVERSITY OF VICTORIA PARK RESERVED

FOREST BHAVNAGAR, GUJARAT, INDIA

NIKITASINH GOHIL1 AND DEVENDRA SOLANKI2

1MICROBILOGY DEPARTMENT,

SIR P.P INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE, BHAVNAGAR,

2DEPARTMERT OF LIFE SCIENCES,

M.K BHAVNAGAR UNIVERSITY, BHAVNAGAR.

Corresponding author’s e-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT:

In Biodiversity, environmental and biological significance of fungi makes its

study valuable and useful. Here, there is first record of fungal diversity was

carried out during the period of July 2012 to November 2014 from Victoria

Park reserved forest, Bhavnagar. Sampling of fungi has been done only in the

month of July to November. There is total 15 species of fungi belonging from

Phylum Basidiomycota and from 10 families were recorded. Here, there is 3-3

species from the family Polyporaceae & Tricholomataceae, 2 from

Marasmiaceae family and each species from families Daxrymycetaceae,

Agaricaceae, Hygrophoraceae, Plutaceae, Polyporales, Schizophyllaceae,

Pleurotaceae has been recorded.

KEY WORDS: Reserved forest, Fungal diversity, Macro fungi.

INTRODUCTION:

Fungi plays most important factor in the forest ecosystem having many

beneficial and harmful effects. Although fungi are very essential in nature

basic information about its numbers of species differs a lot. A very limited and

unfinished detail is available. 1.5 million Estimated fungal species is generally

used, critics have questioned about its validity of its estimates, which is very

fundamental implications in evolutionary biology. Victoria Park is one of the

oldest men made reserved forest Bhavnagar city. The Park bears tremendous

variety of life, for that reasons the studies on birds, plants, insects, and other

macro fauna has been already done in this area but there is no proper attention

Universal Impact

Factor0.9285:2012;

1.2210:2013

Index Copernicus

ICV 2011: 5.09

ICV 2012: 6.42

ICV 2013: 15.8

NAAS Rating

2012 : 1.3;

2013-2014:2.69

Received on:

25th March 2015

Revised on:

23th June 2015

Accepted on:

25th June 2015

Published on:

1st July 2015

Volume No.

Online & Print

65 (2015)

Page No.

88 to 93

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paid by the researchers on microbial life. There is approximately 422 different species of plants in Park

area. An analysis of macro fungal diversity has been undertaken for the first time. Average rainfall of this

area is about 600 mm, so in the rainy seasons the dry wooden substrates provide huge ground for growing

fungi. Different colours and shapes of those unique creatures attracts for their study. The results shows

that fungal species richness was much high during August and September in the Park.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

ABOUT SITE

Victoria Park is a reserved forest (21044’48″N7207’54″E), located in a middle of the city, near Jewells

circle, RTO road. Victoria Park is a thorny forest, having variety of trees, shrubs, grasses and xerophytes.

SAMPLING PROTOCOLS

The study was carried out during the period of July 2012 to November 2014. Sampling time is usually

after rain when the moisture is present in the atmosphere. The transect method was applied for the study

of fungal diversity. A 1 km2 transects were laid in the Park area. The toughened part of the work is to

identify and maintained the fleshy fungi as it is easily became dry and decay and its features were

destroyed which are very important for its microscopic identification.

Records were taken on the basis of spore print, macro-chemicals tests, photographs and written

descriptions including microscopic assessments. Impression of spore and its color has been taken into

consideration, mushroom guide were used which is very important criteria to classify the macro fungi

during the field work.

MACRO FUNGI SAMPLING

The sample from different locations was collected with different types of samplers. Care must be taken to

avoid the dehydration of the sample by using foil which also protects the delicate samples. All the macro

fungi were kept in cold to avoid drying and dehydration until the descriptions and details have been

taken. Specimens were carried in boxes with separate paper bags and newspaper to reduce the physical

damage and to avoid freezing in refrigerator.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION:

Total 15 species of fungi was recorded during the work. Victoria Park is one of the oldest manmade

forests of India. It covers about 500 acres of area, having enormous forms of life as well as best climatic

conditions and notable fluctuations in the physical parameters were found during the work. The hottest

summer is about 380 C ~ 410 C, where else in winter it becomes down up to 80 C ~ 230 C. In monsoon the

average temperature is noted about 230 C ~ 330 C. A small lake is found in the Park area, the

Krishnakunj Lake. The Lake Krishnakunj Lake which is circular in shape with radius of about 100

meters and getting seepage water from Bortalav reservoir nearby, being within the park plays a




considerable role in sustaining flora and fauna of the park. This paper indicates the analysis of recent data

where the further future research should be intended.

CONCLUSION:

Here 3-3 species from the family Polporaceae & Tricholomataceae, 2 from Marasmiaceae family and

each species from families Daxrymycetaceae, Agaricaceae, Hygrophoraceae, Plutaceae, Polyporales,

Schizophyllaceae, Pleurotaceae has been recorded. Diversity of macro fungi had showed the variations in

species in the reserved forests area, these fungi can be beneficial for organisms. Macrofungi collection by

local people is not common for a food supply because of high species variations in poisonous species

than compare to edible species.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:

This research was conducted in the various sites Victoria Park. We are thankful to forest department of

Bhavnagar district for given us a permission to work in the park area. Special thanks to our institution and

collogues who support us.

REFERENCES:

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David L. and Hawkswarth, 1997., The fascination of fungi: exploring fungal diversity, Vol.11 Part.1

David Pilz and Randy Molina, 1996., Managing Forest Ecosystems to Conserve Fungus Diversity and

Sustain Wild Mushroom Harvests; General Technical Report PNW-GTR-371.

Gohil B.M and Solanki Devendra; Population status of blister beetle during monsoon in Victoria Park

reserved forest, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, Journal of Entomology and Zoology studies 2013;1(4); 77-80.

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Table.1 Check list of Fungi (Phylum- Basidiomycota) of Victoria Park reserved forest and Mycological

& Microscopic characteristics of recorded Fungi

No. Species

Name

Common

name

Mycological characteristics Microscopic

characteristics

Cap Stipe hymenium Spore

Print

Spore

Family -Polyporaceae

1 Polyporus

squamosus

Bracket fungi depressed Bare decurrent white Oblong-

ellipsoidal,

smooth

2 Trametes

suaveolens

Frangrant

bracket fungus

buff lacks Decurrent white Allantoids,

smooth

3 Dichomitus

campestris

Favolus

campestris

No

distinct

cylind

rical

------ white Elongated-

ellipsoidal,

smooth

Family -Dacrymycetaceae

4 Calocera

cornea

Jelly fungi/

small

stagshorn

fungus

No

distinct

Bare smooth white Ellipsoidal

to sausage

shaped,

smooth




No. Species

Name

Common

name

Mycological characteristics Microscopic

characteristics

Cap Stipe hymenium Spore

Print

Spore

Family –Agaricaceae

5 Coprinus

comatus

Ink caps/

shaggy mane

conical ,

white

with

shaggy

scales

Havin

g

loose

ring

gills on

hymenium

black-

brown

Ellipsoidal

, smooth

Family -Hygrophoraceae

6 Gliophorus

lilacipes

Hygrocybe

lilacipes

conical cylind

rical

decurrent white Ovoid,

smooth

Family -Pluteaceae

7 Pluteus

leoninus

Lion shield

fungi

convex Bare free salmon Globular,

smooth

Family -Marasmiaceae

8 Marasmiellu

s ramealis

Twing

parachute

fungus

Convex

& flat on

maturity

Bare adnate white Smooth,

cylindrical

or bean

shaped

9 Marasmius

rotula

Collared

mushroom

convex Bare free White Smooth,

more or

less

elliptical

Family -Polyporaceae

10 Polyporus

brumalis

Gilled

Mushroom

Broadly

convex

Bare adnate white Cylindrica

l, smooth

Family -Schizophyllaceae

11 Schizophyllum

commune

Split gills

fungus

Offset or

indistinct

Lacks decurrent white Cylindrica

l to

elliptical,

smooth

Family -Tricholomataceae

12 Tricholoma

sciodes

Beeck knight

mushroom

Convex

or flat

Bare gilled white Smooth,

ellipsoidal

13 Collybia

cirrhata

Gilled

mushroom

Convex

or flat


ellipsoid

to

subacrymo

id

14 Collybia

cookei

Gilled

mushroom

Convex

or flat


ellipsoid

Family -Pleurotaceae

15 Pleurotus

ostreatus

Oyster

Mushroom

offset Bare decurrent Whitish

or

greyish

Smooth,

cylindrical

to

narrowly




Pic.1 Map of Victoria Park reserved forest Pic.3 view of Park from watchtower

Pic.2 Photographs of recorded fungi of Victoria Park reserved forest


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