Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are...
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Transcript of Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are...
![Page 1: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
OnlyforIPMCA
Fundamentals of IT
UNIT-I
![Page 2: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
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DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES• Signals and data are classified as analog or digital.
• Analog refers to something that is continuous- a set of data and all possible points between.
• An example of analog data is the human voice.
• Digital refers to something that is discrete –a set of specific points of data with no other points in between.
• An example of digital data is data stored in the memory of a computer in the form of 0s and 1s.
![Page 3: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
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Contd..
• An analog signal is a continuous wave form that changes smoothly. As the wave moves from a value A to a value B, it passes through and includes an infinite number of values along its path.
• A digital signal can have only a limited number of defined values, often as simple as 1 and 0.
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![Page 5: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Comparison of analog and digital signals
Signals can be analog or digital. Analog signals can have an infinite number of values in a range; digital signals can have only a limited number of values.
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![Page 6: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
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LOGIC GATES
• Logic diagram: a graphical representation of a circuit– Each type of gate is represented by a specific
graphical symbol• Truth table: defines the function of a gate by
listing all possible input combinations that the gate could encounter, and the corresponding output
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• Let’s examine the processing of the following six types of gates– NOT– AND– OR– XOR– NAND– NOR
• Typically, logic diagrams are black and white, and the gates are distinguished only by their shape
![Page 8: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
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NOT GATE
• A NOT gate accepts one input value and produces one output value
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AND GATE
• An AND gate accepts two input signals• If the two input values for an AND gate are
both 1, the output is 1; otherwise, the output is 0
![Page 10: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
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OR GATE
• If the two input values are both 0, the output value is 0; otherwise, the output is 1
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XOR GATE
• XOR, or exclusive OR, gate– An XOR gate produces 0 if its two inputs are the
same, and a 1 otherwise• When both input signals are 1, the OR gate produces
a 1 and the XOR produces a 0
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NAND & NOR
• The NAND and NOR gates are essentially the opposite of the AND and OR gates, respectively
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Number Systems
System Base SymbolsUsed by humans?
Used in computers?
Decimal 10 0, 1, … 9 Yes No
Binary 2 0, 1 No Yes
Octal 8 0, 1, … 7 No No
Hexa-decimal
16 0, 1, … 9,A, B, … F
No No
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Quantities/Counting (1 of 3)
Decimal Binary OctalHexa-
decimal
0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1
2 10 2 2
3 11 3 3
4 100 4 4
5 101 5 5
6 110 6 6
7 111 7 7
![Page 15: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
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Quantities/Counting (2 of 3)
Decimal Binary OctalHexa-
decimal
8 1000 10 8
9 1001 11 9
10 1010 12 A
11 1011 13 B
12 1100 14 C
13 1101 15 D
14 1110 16 E
15 1111 17 F
![Page 16: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
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Quantities/Counting (3 of 3)
Decimal Binary OctalHexa-
decimal
16 10000 20 10
17 10001 21 11
18 10010 22 12
19 10011 23 13
20 10100 24 14
21 10101 25 15
22 10110 26 16
23 10111 27 17 Etc.
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Conversion Among Bases
• The possibilities:
Hexadecimal
Decimal Octal
Binary
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Decimal to Decimal (just for fun)
Hexadecimal
Decimal Octal
Binary
![Page 19: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
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12510 => 5 x 100= 52 x 101= 201 x 102= 100
125
Base
Weight
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Binary to Decimal
Hexadecimal
Decimal Octal
Binary
![Page 21: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
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Binary to Decimal
• Technique– Multiply each bit by 2n, where n is the “weight” of
the bit– The weight is the position of the bit, starting from
0 on the right– Add the results
![Page 22: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
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Example
1010112 => 1 x 20 = 11 x 21 =
20 x 22 =
01 x 23 =
80 x 24 =
01 x 25 =
32
4310
Bit “0”
![Page 23: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
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Octal to Decimal
Hexadecimal
Decimal Octal
Binary
![Page 24: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
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Octal to Decimal
• Technique– Multiply each bit by 8n, where n is the “weight” of
the bit– The weight is the position of the bit, starting from
0 on the right– Add the results
![Page 25: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
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Example
7248 => 4 x 80 = 42 x 81 = 167 x 82 = 448
46810
![Page 26: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
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Hexadecimal to Decimal
Hexadecimal
Decimal Octal
Binary
![Page 27: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
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Hexadecimal to Decimal
• Technique– Multiply each bit by 16n, where n is the “weight”
of the bit– The weight is the position of the bit, starting from
0 on the right– Add the results
![Page 28: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
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Example
ABC16 => C x 160 = 12 x 1 = 12 B x 161 = 11 x 16 = 176 A x 162 = 10 x 256 = 2560
274810
![Page 29: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
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Decimal to Binary
Hexadecimal
Decimal Octal
Binary
![Page 30: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
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Decimal to Binary
• Technique– Divide by two, keep track of the remainder– First remainder is bit 0 (LSB, least-significant bit)– Second remainder is bit 1– Etc.
![Page 31: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
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Example12510 = ?2
2 125 62 12 31 02 15 12 7 12 3 12 1 12 0 1
12510 = 11111012
![Page 32: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
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Decimal to Octal
Hexadecimal
Decimal Octal
Binary
![Page 33: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
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Decimal to Octal
• Technique– Divide by 8– Keep track of the remainder
![Page 34: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
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Example123410 = ?8
8 1234 154 28 19 28 2 38 0 2
123410 = 23228
![Page 35: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
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Decimal to Hexadecimal
Hexadecimal
Decimal Octal
Binary
![Page 36: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
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Decimal to Hexadecimal
• Technique– Divide by 16– Keep track of the remainder
![Page 37: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
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Example123410 = ?16
123410 = 4D216
16 1234 77 216 4 13 = D16 0 4
![Page 38: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
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Octal to Binary
Hexadecimal
Decimal Octal
Binary
![Page 39: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
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Octal to Binary
• Technique– Convert each octal digit to a 3-bit equivalent
binary representation
![Page 40: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
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Example7058 = ?2
7 0 5
111 000 101
7058 = 1110001012
![Page 41: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
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Hexadecimal to Binary
Hexadecimal
Decimal Octal
Binary
![Page 42: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
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Hexadecimal to Binary
• Technique– Convert each hexadecimal digit to a 4-bit
equivalent binary representation
![Page 43: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
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Example10AF16 = ?2
1 0 A F
0001 0000 1010 1111
10AF16 = 00010000101011112
![Page 44: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
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Binary to Octal
Hexadecimal
Decimal Octal
Binary
![Page 45: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
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Binary to Octal
• Technique– Group bits in threes, starting on right– Convert to octal digits
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Example10110101112 = ?8
1 011 010 111
1 3 2 7
10110101112 = 13278
![Page 47: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
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Binary to Hexadecimal
Hexadecimal
Decimal Octal
Binary
![Page 48: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
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Binary to Hexadecimal
• Technique– Group bits in fours, starting on right– Convert to hexadecimal digits
![Page 49: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
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Example10101110112 = ?16
10 1011 1011
2 B B
10101110112 = 2BB16
![Page 50: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
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Octal to Hexadecimal
Hexadecimal
Decimal Octal
Binary
![Page 51: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
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Octal to Hexadecimal
• Technique– Use binary as an intermediary
![Page 52: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
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Example10768 = ?16
1 0 7 6
001 000 111 110
2 3 E
10768 = 23E16
![Page 53: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
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Hexadecimal to Octal
Hexadecimal
Decimal Octal
Binary
![Page 54: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
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Hexadecimal to Octal
• Technique– Use binary as an intermediary
![Page 55: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
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Example1F0C16 = ?8
1 F 0 C
0001 1111 0000 1100
1 7 4 1 4
1F0C16 = 174148
![Page 56: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
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Exercise – Convert ...
Don’t use a calculator!
Decimal Binary OctalHexa-
decimal
33
1110101
703
1AF
Skip answer Answer
![Page 57: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
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Exercise – Convert …
Decimal Binary OctalHexa-
decimal
33 100001 41 21
117 1110101 165 75
451 111000011 703 1C3
431 110101111 657 1AF
Answer
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Binary Addition (1 of 2)
• Two 1-bit values
A B A + B0 0 00 1 11 0 11 1 10
“two”
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Binary Addition (2 of 2)
• Two n-bit values– Add individual bits– Propagate carries– E.g.,
10101 21+ 11001 + 25 101110 46
11
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Multiplication (1 of 3)
• Decimal (just for fun)
35x 105 175 000 35 3675
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Binary Multiplication
A B A B0 0 00 1 01 0 01 1 1
![Page 62: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
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Multiplication
• Binary, two n-bit values– As with decimal values– E.g.,
1110 x 1011 1110 1110 0000 111010011010
![Page 63: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
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Fractions
• Decimal to decimal (just for fun)
3.14 => 4 x 10-2 = 0.041 x 10-1 = 0.1
3 x 100 = 3 3.14
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Fractions
• Fractions - Binary to decimal
10.1011 => 1 x 2-4 = 0.06251 x 2-3 = 0.1250 x 2-2 = 0.01 x 2-1 = 0.50 x 20 = 0.01 x 21 = 2.0 2.6875
![Page 65: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
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Fractions
• Decimal to binary3.14579
.14579x 20.29158x 20.58316x 21.16632x 20.33264x 20.66528x 21.33056
etc.11.001001...
![Page 66: Fundamentals of IT UNIT-I OnlyforIPMCA. DIGITAL SIGNALS & LOGIC GATES Signals and data are classified as analog or digital. Analog refers to something.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e565503460f94b4e9b8/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
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Exercise – Convert ...
Don’t use a calculator!
Decimal Binary OctalHexa-
decimal
29.8
101.1101
3.07
C.82
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Exercise – Convert …
Decimal Binary OctalHexa-
decimal
29.8 11101.110011… 35.63… 1D.CC…
5.8125 101.1101 5.64 5.D
3.109375 11.000111 3.07 3.1C
12.5078125 1100.10000010 14.404 C.82
Answer