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Fundamentals of English Grammar

(Sound, Language, Letter, Word, Syllable, Person, Number, Basic Pattern of English Sentence, Principal

& Auxiliary Verb, Making Imperative, Optative & Exclamatory Sentence including exercise. )

Prepared by: Md. Meherab Hossen. Cell: +8801726-072409.

E-mail/face book/Skype/twitter: meherab2409@gmail.com

Fundaments of English Grammar (Beginner). LEARN ENGLISH, GET THE WORLD OPENED.

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Why should we learn English among so many languages in the world?

- - .

, , , , ,

, ? ,

, ?

Sound ? , , , , (Sound) ,

(Sound) (Language)

, , , , , , %

, , , , , , ,

,

, , Second

Language ( )

Word-meaning ( ) / Vocabulary ( ) , English Grammar

Practice, practice and practice.

Happy English Learning.

, , Sound () Sound - Letter ( ) Letter ( ) A-Z Letter- Alphabet ( )

- Vowel ( ), Consonant ( ), Consonant

W Y Semi-Vowel ( - )

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1. Vowel: (Letter) Vowel

Vowel A, E, I ,O ,U.

A- a+a+a.; E- e+e+e..; O- o+o+o.....

2. Consonant: Vowel Consonant

Consonant Vowel Consonant B,C,D, F,G

B- b+e.; D- d+e. ; H- a+h.

3. Semi-Vowel: W Y Semi-Vowel , W Y Vowel Consonant

Note: W Y Word Consonant War,Win,Year, You .

W Y Word - Vowel- Cow, Dawn, Try, Dry

Word Vowel Semi-Vowel Mother, School, World,

Government, Come, a, Pen

Syllable ( )

[ Syllable ]

Syllable

Syllable- Vowel Semi-Vowel

Word- Syllable Word ,

1. Mono-Syllable Word ( ) 2. Di-Syllable Word ( ) 3. Tri- Syllable Word

( ) 4. Poly- Syllable Word ( - )

1. Mono-Syllable Word: Word Syllable Mono-Syllable Word

A, An, Pet, Black, Cow, Hand, Go,

2. Di-Syllable Word: Word Syllable Di-Syllable Word Mo+ther=

Mother, Fa+ther= Father, Care+ ful= Careful ,

3. Tri-Syllable Word: Word Syllable Tri -Syllable Word

Con+di+tion= Condition, Re+la+tion=Relation ,Won+der+ful =Wonderful, Re+gu+lar=

Regular ,Beau+ti+ful=Beautiful,

4. Poly-Syllable Word: Word Syllable Poly -Syllable Word

Exa+mi+na+tion= Examination, In+ter+na+tio+nal= International, Sa+tis+fac+tion=

Satisfaction, Pro+ nun+ ci+a+tion= Pronunciation, Com+mu+ni+ca+tion= Communication

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Person ()

English Sentence- Verb- Subject- Person

-Person

1.First person( )

2. Second Person ( )

3. Third Person ( )

1. First person: Person First person

2. Second Person: person Second Person

3. Third Person: Person Third Person

First person Second Person Third Person

I(),We()

You(),You

He, She, It, This, That, Fatema, Rahim,

Narayanganj

, ,,,

(I,We,You,You) Noun ()

Pronoun ( )- Third Person

Number-

, Number

Number , 1. Singular Number. ( ) 2. Plural Number. ( )

1. Singular Number ( ) Word , , Singular

Number

2. Plural Number Word , , Plural Number

Singular( ) Plural( )

Man ( ) Men ( )

Dog ( ) Dogs ( )

Book() Books()

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Basic Pattern of English Sentence

( )

SUBJECT + VERB + OBJECT (/ + / + )

Example (): I watch television.

Subject: Sentence ()- Subject

- Jasim plays football. (Sub-Jasim)

, Subject

- The people of Bangladesh lead ( ) a happy life .

Verb: Verb

Jasim plays football. (Verb-Play). The people of Bangladesh lead a happy life.

(Verb-lead).

Object: Verb Object , Verb

Object Jasim plays football. Sentence- Verb Plays (), ? football. Sentence- Object

football Mr. Meherab teaches us English. Mr. Meherab teaches

English to us.

- Sentence- Verb teaches (), ? English .

? us . Sentence- Object us English

Object 1. Direct Object. 2. Indirect Object.

-Direct Object- Object Direct Object Computer, Table, Pen, Car,

Milk, Bag -Indirect Object- Object Indirect Object me, us, him, Sakib,

Fatema, Tiger, Fish

, Sentence-a Object Indirect Object , Direct Object Direct Object Indirect Object to

-My mother gave me a bicycle on my birthday. My mother

gave a bicycle to me on my birthday.

I (Sub) + (watch)Verb+ television (Object). (Sub), (Object), (Verb)

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1. I read a book. ( Sub+ Verb+ Obj)

2. I am a journalist. ( Sub+ Verb+ Obj)

3. The bird flies. ( Sub+ Verb)

4. My friend runs very fast. ( Sub+ Verb+ext )

5. -Start. (Verb)

6. - Perform your duty. (Verb+ Obj)

7. - Water the garden. (Verb+ Obj)

8. - Buy me a wrist watch. ( Sub+ Verb+ Obj)

, Sentence , Subject Object Sentence

, Verb Sentence

, Verb Verb , English Grammar , Sentence making Principal Verb & Auxiliary Verb

- Verb- form ..

Present (Verb1)

Past(Verb2) Past Participle(Verb3)

Present Participle(Verb4)

Go went gone going

Come came come coming

-Verb- Present form- ing Present Participle

English Language- Verb- form

1. Principal Verb ( ) : Verb Verb- Principal Verb He plays. She made tea.

, Principal Verb Sentence

2. Auxiliary Verb/Helping Verb ( ): Verb Principal Verb- Auxiliary Verb He is playing. She has made tea.

Principal Verb & Auxiliary Verb.

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BsiRx fvlvq eeZ gvU 24 wU Auxiliary verb wb `Lvbv nj t

Auxiliary Verb- (Contracted Negative) t A.V+nt

: Have + nt = Havent. A. Verb- Contracted Negative

hgbt- Do not= Dont, Must not= Mustnt etc. (Etcetera - BZvw` )

i) Shall not Shant ii) Am not- Arent iii)

Will not Wont

Making Imperative, Optative & Exclamatory Sentence.

, ,

1. Assertive Sentence( )

[Assertive Sentence 1. Affirmative Sentence ( ) 2. Negative

Sentence ( )

2. Interrogative Sentence. ( )

3. Imperative Sentence ( )

4. Optative Sentence ( )

5. Exclamatory Sentence ( )

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Imperative Sentence ( ): Sentence , , , ,

, Sentence- Imperative Sentence

Structure of Imperative Sentence.

V1 +Object+ Extension ( ).

Example: - Finish the work in time.

# - the work (Object) / in time - (Ext) / Finish- (Verb) - Finish the work in time.

1. -Stand up. ( /Order)

2. - Study attentively. ( /Advice)

3. Please, help me. ( / Request)

( Sentence- Please/Kindly (

) Please/Kindly- Comma ( , ) ,

4. Do not make a noise. ( / Forbid/Prohibit)

5. -Never tell a lie. ( / Forbid/Prohibit)

( Sentence , , Sentence - Do not

Never , Imperative Sentence- Structure

)

6. Let us help the distressed man.

7. Let us help the distressed man.

(Imperative Sentence Sentence Let us

Imperative Sentence- Structure )

8. - Let me do the work.

9. Let Rohan speak.

(Imperative Sentence- - , Sentence Let , __-

, , , , , , Imperative Sentence-

Structure )

Imperative Sentence- Subject Sentence-

Subject

. - You compensate right now.

. - You get out of here.

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Optative Sentence ( ): Sentence Sentence-

Optative Sentence

Structure of Optative Sentence.

May+Subject+V1 +Object+ Extension.

Example: - May you be happy in life.

May your father come round soon.

Optative Sentence- Subject ,

. God save you. . You live long.

Exclamatory Sentence ( ): Sentence

Exclamatory Sentence ! How beautiful the flower is? !

Hurrah! We won the game.

Structure of Exclamatory Sentence.

1. What + a/an+ Adjective+ subject+ subject- Pronoun+ Verb!

! - What a nice day it is!

2. How+ Adjective+ subject+ + Verb !

!- How fool I am!

3. Interjection word! Assertive Sentence!

! Fie! You are very bad.

4. If/Had + subject+ + Verb !

! If I were a bird !

Had I been a bird !

If Exclamatory Sentence , Subject Person Number

, Verb to be were- , Verb to have

had-

! If I were innocent!

! - If I had one billion dollar !

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1. 2.

3.

4. ! 5. !

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Exercise for Imperative, Optative, Exclamatory Sentence.

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51. 52. 53. 54.

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59. 60. - 61. 62.

63.

64. 65.

66.

67. 68. 69. 70.

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