Experimental investigation of the effect of oxygen fugacity on ferric ...
Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological...
-
Upload
nelson-hancock -
Category
Documents
-
view
223 -
download
0
description
Transcript of Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological...
![Page 1: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
FugacityContributions by:
John L. Falconer & Will MedlinDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering
University of ColoradoBoulder, CO 80309-0424
Supported by the National Science Foundation
![Page 2: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Which of the following will increase the fugacity of a component, A?
A. Convert from solid to liquid
B. Convert from liquid to solid
C. Decrease pressure
D. Dilute with component B
E. None of the above
![Page 3: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What is the driving force for component A to move from liquid to vapor to reach equilibrium?
A. Pressure
B. Entropy
C. Enthalpy
D. Concentration
E. Gibbs free energy
VaporyA
LiquidxA
![Page 4: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
0.1 mol/L
0.5 mol/L
One component exists in two phases at the same temperature, but the phases are not in equilibrium. Which phase has the higher fugacity?
A. α
B. β
C. Same fugacity in each phase.
D. Not enough information.
α phase
ᵦ phase
![Page 5: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
0.005 mol/L
0.10 mol/L
One component exists in two phases at the same temperature, but the phases are not in equilibrium. What is the direction of mass transfer?
A. From α to β.
B. From β to α.
C. No mass transfer occurs.
D. Cannot predict direction.
α phase
ᵦ phase
![Page 6: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
H2O
A B
H2O +EtOH
Two identical flasks at 45°C are connected by a tube. Flask A contains water and flask B contains 50% more water plus it contains ethanol. As the system approaches equilibrium, _______________________.
A. water moves from A to B
B. ethanol moves from B to A
C. water moves to B and ethanol moves to A
D. both water and ethanol move to A
E. there is no change in solution levels
![Page 7: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
H2O40°C
A B
H2O35°C
Two identical flasks are connected by a tube. Flask A contains water at 40°C. Flask B contains 50% more water at 35°C. As the system approaches equilibrium, _______________.
A. water moves from A to B
B. water moves from B to A
C. no change occurs
![Page 8: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
H2O40°C
A B
H2O40°C
Two identical flasks are connected by a tube. Flask A contains water at 40°C. Flask B contains 50% more water at 40°C. As the system approaches equilibrium, _______________.
A. water moves from A to B
B. water moves from B to A
C. no change occurs
![Page 9: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
H2O40°C
A B
H2O 40°C
+NaCl
Two identical flasks contain water at 40°C and are connected by a tube. NaCl is added to flask B. As the system approaches equilibrium, ______________.
A. water moves from A to B
B. water moves from B to A
C. no change in levels occur
![Page 10: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
H2O45°C
A B
98% H2O +
2% EtOH55°C
Two identical flasks are connected by a tube. Flask A contains water at 45°C. Flask B contains twice the volume of A but is a 98% H2O/ 2% ethanol mixture at 55°C. As the system approaches equilibrium, _______.
A. water moves from A to B
B. ethanol moves from B to A
C. water moves to B and ethanol to A
D. both water and ethanol move to A
E. no change in levels occur
![Page 11: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
NaClSolution
25oC
A B
Pure H2O22oC
Flask A contains a NaCl solution at 25°C in equilibrium with the pure water at 22°C in flask B.
PH2Osat(25°C) = 3.2 kPa
PH2Osat(22°C) = 2.6 kPa
Estimate the fugacity of water in the NaCl solution.
A. 3.2 kPa
B. 2.6 kPa
C. < 2.6 kPa
D. > 3.2 kPa
E. > 2.6 kPa
![Page 12: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
H2O45°C
A B
80% H2O45°C
+20% NaCl
Two flasks at 45°C are connected by a tube. Flask A contains H2O, and flask B contains the same amount of an 80/20 mixture of H2O and NaCl. After 5 hours, ________.A. Beaker A has more water
B. Beaker B has more water
C. The amounts of water do not change since they are at the same temperature
D. All the salt moves to beaker A
![Page 13: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
H2O45°CNaCl
A B
H2O45°CNaCl
+5 g KCl
Two flasks at 45°C are connected by a tube. Flask A contains water and NaCl. Flask B contains 50% more water and also contains NaCl. The system is at equilibrium. When 5 g of KCl is added to Flask B, _________________.
A. water moves from B to A
B. water moves from A to B
C. KCl moves from B to A
D. nothing changes
![Page 14: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Adsorption concentrates a molecule on a surfacefrom another phase. Consider hexane liquid andvapor. The hexane concentration in the zeolite pores is ____________.
A. higher in A
B. higher in B
C. the same in both
D. Insufficient information
Porous zeolite crystals
Vapor
Liquid
A
Liquid
Vapor
B
![Page 15: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Two systems have acetone/hexane in vapor-liquid equilibrium at the same temperature. Acetone is enriched in the vapor phase. Both molecules adsorb on the zeolite surface, where they have a higher concentration than in the gas phase. Which arrangement will have a higher concentration of acetone adsorbed on the zeolite crystals?
A. Higher in A B. Higher in BC. The same in bothD. Insufficient information
Porous zeolite crystals
Vapor
50/50Liquid
A
Liquid
50/50Vapor
B
![Page 16: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Two systems have acetone/hexane in vapor-liquid equilibrium at the same temperature. Acetone is enriched in the vapor phase. Both molecules adsorb on the zeolite surface, where they have a higher concentration than in the gas phase. Which arrangement will have a higher concentration of acetone adsorbed on the zeolite crystals?
A. Higher in A B. Higher in BC. The same in bothD. Insufficient information
Porous zeolite crystals
50/50Vapor
Liquid
A
50/50Liquid
Vapor
B
![Page 17: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
As the pressure increases from point 1 to 2, which figure shows an area proportional to the changein Gibbs free energy?
P
V
1
2
P
V
1
2
A B
![Page 18: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Which plot represents f vs. P for an ideal gas?
P
f
P
f
P
f
P
fA B
DC
![Page 19: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
For the H-xA diagram at 80°C, what is the maximumvalue of the partial molar enthalpy of component A at 80°C?
A. 50 cal/mol
B. 22 cal/mol
C. 85 cal/mol
D. 100 cal/mol
E. 0 cal/mol
xA
H (c
al/m
ol)
0 0.5 1.0
100
50
0
100
50
0
![Page 20: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
An isotherm for a cubic equation of state is shown below. Which line corresponds to a vapor-liquid equilibrium?
AB
C DE
Pres
sure
n/V
![Page 21: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
When both vapor and liquid are present, the fugacity at x1 = 0.1 will be ________ at x1 = 0.3.
A. greater than
B. less than
C. equal to the value
0.1 0.3 0.5
P
![Page 22: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
When both vapor and liquid are present, the fugacity at x1 = 0.1 will be ________ at x1 = 0.3, because ________.
A. greater than; pressure is higher
B. less than; mole fraction is lower
C. less than; partial pressure is higher
D. equal to the value; its at equilibrium.
0.1 0.3 0.5
P
![Page 23: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
A metal box of fixed volume contains CO2 at a pressure of 2 bar. Through a valve you add CH4 at a constant rate and at constant temperature. Which plot represents how CH4 fugacity changes with time up to a total pressure of 20 bar? Assume ideal gases.
E. None of the above.
2 bar
Time
20 bar
Time Time Time
A B C D
fuga
city
0 bar
![Page 24: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
A metal box of fixed volume contains CO2 at 2 bar pressure. Methane was added at a constant rate and at constant temperature. Which is the most likely plot of CH4 fugacity vs. time up to a total pressure of 20 bar? Assume ideal gases.
2 bar
Time
20 bar
Time Time Time
A B C D
10 bar
![Page 25: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Liquid water is in equilibrium with water vapor and air.Ptot
= 1.2 barPH2O
= 0.1 bar
The fugacity of water is about __________.
A. 0.1 bar.
B. 1.2 bar.
C. 1.00 (dimensionless).
D. Cannot be determined.
![Page 26: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
The boiling point of water at 1 bar is 100°C. At 150°C the boiling point is 4.7 bar. The fugacity of water at 150°C and 100 bar is closer to ______ bar.
A. 1
B. 5
C. 50
D. 100
![Page 27: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
When comparing steam at 100°C to water at 100°C, steam has a higher enthalpy, _______, and ________.
A. higher entropy, higher Gibbs free energy
B. higher entropy, the same Gibbs free energy
C. the same entropy, the same Gibbs free energy
D. lower entropy, lower Gibbs free energy
![Page 28: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
1 kg of ice and 1 kg of liquid water are at equilibrium at 0°C. When liquid ethanol is added and the temperature is kept at 0oC, _______________.
A. some ethanol freezes
B. some water freezes
C. some ice melts
D. all the ice melts
E. all the ethanol freezes
![Page 29: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Ethanol at 0°C is added to a ice-liquid water mixture at 0°C in an adiabatic container. The temperature of the mixture _______________.
A. decreases
B. increases
C. remains the same
![Page 30: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
A water/ethanol mixture is at -5°C. You drop an ice cube that was also at -5°C into the liquid. What happens?
A. Nothing happens, the system stays at -5°C
B. Some ice melts
C. All ice melts
D. Some water freezes
![Page 31: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Air is bubbled through a tank of water at 25oC and atmospheric pressure. The solubility of O2 in water is about 0.005 mol% at 25oC. Estimate the fugacity of oxygen in the water.
A. 1 bar
B. 0.2 bar
C. 0.5 bar
D. 2 bar
E. 0.0005 bar
![Page 32: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
A pure-component fluid is at 10 bar and 350 K. The Peng-Robinson equation of state has three real roots:
1) V = 0.080 L/mol ; fugacity = 11 bar 2) V = 8 L/mol ; fugacity = 9 bar
The fluid is a ____________.
A. liquid
B. gas
C. 2-phase mixture
D. supercritical fluid
![Page 33: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
A pure-component fluid is at 10 bar and 350 K. The Peng-Robinson equation of state has three real roots:
1) density = 25 mol/L; fugacity = 11 bar 2) density = 0.2 mol/L; fugacity = 9 bar
The fluid is a ____________.
A. liquid
B. gas
C. 2-phase mixture
D. supercritical fluid
![Page 34: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Boiling point of water: Psat = 1.0 bar; Tsat = 100°CPsat = 4.7 bar; Tsat = 150°C
The fugacity of water at 150°C and 100 bar is closer to __________.
A. 1 bar
B. 5 bar
C. 50 bar
D. 100 bar
![Page 35: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Which of the following will increase the fugacity of a component, A?
A. Convert from solid to liquid
B. Convert from liquid to solid
C. Decrease pressure
D. Dilute with component B
E. None of the above
![Page 36: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
If you were to boil water on a stove in a small room for an hour, the fugacity of the ______________.
A. liquid increases
B. water vapor increases
C. liquid decreases
D. water vapor decreases
E. water stays the same in the vapor
H2O
![Page 37: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Soda (liquid water with a low concentration of dissolved CO2) at 0°C is compressed to 5 bar soonly a liquid phase remains. In the liquid phase, the fugacity of ___________.
A. water is higher
B. CO2 is higher
C. water and CO2 are the same
![Page 38: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
A can of soda at 0°C contains liquid water with a low concentration of dissolved CO2. If the CO2 pressure in the can is slightly above 1 bar, which has a higher fugacity in the liquid phase?
A. Water
B. CO2
C. Fugacities of water and CO2 are equal
![Page 39: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
When salt is added to pure water, what happens to the fugacity of the water?
A. increases
B. decreases
C. stays the same
![Page 40: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Pure NaCl was added to pure water until thewater was saturated and the excess salt settled to the bottom of the container. What happened to the fugacity of the salt?
A. Increased
B. Decreased
C. Did not change
![Page 41: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Compared to the fugacity of pure water, the fugacity of water in a saline solution will be _________.
A. higher
B. lower
C. the same
![Page 42: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Pure NaCl was added to pure water until thewater was saturated and the excess salt settled to the bottom of the container. The fugacity of the dissolvedsalt is __________ the fugacity of the pure NaCl.
A. higher
B. lower
C. the same as
![Page 43: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
A liquid containing 60 mol% salt and 40 mol% water is in equilibrium with water vapor at 0.5 bar. Which species has the higher fugacity in the liquid?
A. Salt
B. Water
C. Their fugacities are equal
D. Need more information
![Page 44: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
A sealed container of water is at high enough pressureso that no vapor is present. The water contains 0.2 mol% salt and 0.2 mol% CO2.Which component has the highest fugacity?
A. Water
B. CO2
C. Salt
D. Same for all
![Page 45: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
In a bubble pressure calculation using a EOS, the mole fractions of liquid are known, and the mole fractions of vapor must be calculated by iteration by guessing the pressure. After the first iteration, Syi > 1. For the next iteration, _______________.
A. raise the pressure
B. lower the pressure
C. keep the pressure the same but change the composition
![Page 46: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
A EOS spreadsheet is used to calculate VLE for a binary mixture (x1= 0.9) with a non-ideal liquid phase and a non-ideal gas. Which statement about the fugacity coefficients is most likely to be correct?
A. =
B. =
C. <
D. >
![Page 47: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Which of the following statements is NOT true at an azeotrope?
A. xA = yA
B. xA = xB
C.
D.
E. None of the above
VA
LA ˆˆ
VA
LA ff ˆˆ
![Page 48: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
At VLE,
Which is the correct equation to use when solving for the liquid phase fugacity of component 2 using an equation of state?
A. x2g2P
B. x2f2LP
C. x2f2LPsat
D. x2g2Psat
E. None of the above
![Page 49: Fugacity Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will Medlin Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0424.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062302/5a4d1b317f8b9ab05999b428/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Which of the following statements is NOT true at an azeotrope?
A. xA = yA
B.
C.
D.
E. None of the above
VA
LA ˆˆ
VA
LA ff ˆˆ
1ˆ A