fuel's quality & furure suggested stages for fuel's quality in vietnam
Transcript of fuel's quality & furure suggested stages for fuel's quality in vietnam
PETROLIMEXPETROLIMEX
FUEL’S QUALITY & FURURE SUGGESTED
STAGES FOR FUEL’S QUALITY IN VIETNAM
Hà Nội, tháng 1 năm 2009
FUEL’S QUALITY & FURURE SUGGESTED STAGES FOR FUEL’S QUALITY IN VIETNAM
THE CONTENTS
1.Petroleum fuel consumption in Vietnam in 2008.2.Survey of fuel quality in Vietnam.3. The parameters determining octane number4. Survey of vehicles & octane number
requirement for the vehicles in Vietnam.5.Fuel quality of some Asian & Middle East
countries in comparison with fuels in Vietnam.6. Suggestions for fuel quality in Vietnam
PETROLEUM PRODUCT CONSUMPTION IN VIETNAM
402060PYGEMACO 1227000270Vinapco11
23000230Hiep Phuoc101016090260Thanh Le9
50555110PMTVinalines81020480230740VAXUCO72030500100650Dong Thap Petro Trading61020230100360Me Kong Petroleum JV 57.540170501633PV Oil440205604401060Sai Gon Petro3301907705001490Petec2
1301480386027308200Petrolimex Corporation1
2702582,0806,8254,26515,063Total
ZetA1KOFODOGasolineTotalName of CompanyNo
1000m3/ TonTHE IMPORTED QUOTA IN 2008 FOR ALL PETROLEUM FUELS
PETROLEUM PRODUCT CONSUMPTION IN VIETNAM
THE IMPORTED QUOTA IN 2008 FOR ALL PETROLEUM FUELS
Petrolimex8200
54.4%
Dong Thap Petro6504.3%
Petec14909.9%
Sai Gon Petro10607.0%
PV Oil1633
10.8%
MeKong Petro360
2.4%
Hiep Phuoc2301.5%
Thanh Le260
1.7%
PMTVinalines1100.7%
VAXUCO740
4.9%
PYGemaco60
0.4%
Vinapco2701.8%
PETROLEUM PRODUCT CONSUMPTION IN VIETNAM
THE IMPORTED QUOTA IN 2008 FOR GASOLINE
Petrolimex2730
64.0%
DongThapPetro100
2.3%
Petec500
11.7%
Sai GonPetro440
10.3%
PV Oil50
1.2%
MeKongPetro100
2.3%
Hiep Phuoc0
0.0%
Thanh le90
2.1%
PMTVinalines5
0.1%
VAXUCO230
5.4%
PYGemaco20
0.5%Vinapco
0
PETROLEUM PRODUCT CONSUMPTION IN VIETNAM
THE IMPORTED QUOTA IN 2008 FOR DIESEL
Petrolimex3860
56.6%
DongThapPetro500
7.3%
Petec770
11.3%
SaiGon Petro560
8.2%
PV Oil170
2.5%
MeKongPetro230
3.4%
Vinapco0
0.0%
Thanh le160
2.3%
PMTVinalines55
0.8%
VAXUCO480
7.0%
PYGemaco40
0.6%
Hiep Phuoc0
0.0%
PETROLEUM PRODUCT CONSUMPTION IN VIETNAM
THE IMPORTED FUELS IN 2008
275275Vinapco11256256Hiep Phuoc10
166120286Thanh Le91006314177PMT Vinalines852490266808VAXUCO7
910446139605Dong Thap Petro Trading648240100352Me Kong Petroleum JV 5
149112835521940PV Oil42312466431932Sai Gon Petro3242117084821425Petec2711003344027137228Petrolimex1
2751451,7437,3024,81714,284TotalZet A1KOFODOGasolineTotalName of CompanyNo
Unit: 1000 ton for FO; 1000m3 for others
Petrolimex7228
50.6%
Dong ThapPetro605
4.2%
Petec1425
10.0%
Sai Gonpetro9326.5%
PV Oil1940
13.6% MekongPetro352
2.5%
Hiep Phuoc2561.8%
Thanh Le286
2.0%
PMT Vinalines177
1.2%
VAXUCO808
5.7%
Vinapco2751.9%
PETROLEUM PRODUCT CONSUMPTION IN VIETNAM
THE IMPORTED FUELS IN 2008
PETROLEUM PRODUCT CONSUMPTION IN VIETNAM
Vinapco0
0.0%
VAXUCO266
5.5%
PMT Vinalines14
0.3%
Thanh Le120
2.5%
Hiep Phuoc0
0.0%
MeKongPetro100
2.1%
PV Oil552
11.5%
SaiGonpetro431
8.9%
Petec482
10.0%
DongThapPetro139
2.9%
Petrolimex2713
56.3%
THE IMPORTED GASOLINE IN 2008
PETROLEUM PRODUCT CONSUMPTION IN VIETNAM
THE IMPORTED DIESEL IN 2008
Petrolimex3440
47.1%
Dong ThapPetro4466.1%
Petec708
9.7%
SaiGonPetro466
6.4%
PV Oil1283
17.6%
MeKongPetro240
3.3%
Hiep Phuoc0
0.0%
Thanh Le166
2.3%
PMT Vinalines63
0.9%
VAXUCO490
6.7%
Vinapco0
0.0%
SURVEY OF FUEL QUALITY IN VIETNAM
ASTM D525480Induction period, minutes, min6
ASTM D3815Existent gum, mg/100ml, max5
ASTM D1301Copper corrosion @50oC/3hrs, max4
2- residual, %vol, max
215- FBP, oC, max
190- 90% vol, oC, max
120- 50% vol, oC, max
70-10% vol, oC, max
Report- IBP, oC
ASTM D86
Distillation3
ASTM D32370.013Lead content, g/l, max2
ASTM 2700848179- MON (**)
ASTM 2699959290- RON (*)
Octane number, min1
959290Test Method
Unleaded GasolineProperty
Gasoline specifications TCVN 6776: 2005
SURVEY OF FUEL QUALITY IN VIETNAM
Gasoline specifications TCVN 6776: 2005 ( continued)
ASTM D4815No additionAcetone16
ASTM D4176Clear, no impuritiesAppearance15
ASTM D38315Metal content (Fe, Mn), mg/l, max14
ASTM D1298
ASTM D4052ReportDensity@15oC, kg/m313
ASTM D48152.7Oxygen content, % wt, max12
ASTM D131938Olefin, % vol, max11
ASTM D131940Aromatics, % vol, max10
ASTM D3606
ASTM D44202.5Benzene, %vol, max9
ASTM D4953
ASTM D519143-75RVP @37.8oC, KPA8
ASTM D2622
ASTM D 5453500Sulfur content, mg/kg, max7
DIESEL SPECIFICATIONS TCVN 5689:2005
SURVEY OF FUEL QUALITY IN VIETNAM
ASTM D4820.01Ash, Wt PCT, max8ASTM D4530ASTM D189
0.15CCR on 10% distillation Residue , Wt PCT, max6
ASTM D4452-4.5Viscosity at 40 DEG C, cSt5
ASTM D93
ASTM D382855Flash Point, DEC C, min4
360-90% Vol,MaxASTM D86
Distillation,oC3
ASTM D473746Cetane Index, min2ASTM D 5453ASTM D2622
2500500Sulphur Content, mg/kg, max1
Test MethodsPropertyNo
SURVEY OF FUEL QUALITY IN VIETNAM
DIESEL SPECIFICATIONS TCVN 5689:2005 ( continued)
More Imported specs for Petrolimex
ASTM.D4730.05Sediment by Extraction18
ASTM.D9740.25Total Acid Number % Mass17
ASTM.D974NilStrong Acid Number Mg KOH/G16
ASTM.D15002Colour ASTM,Max15
ASTM D 4176Clean, clearAppreance14
ASTM D 6079460Lubricity, µm, max13
ASTM D1298
ASTM D 4052820-860Density at 15 DEG C, kg/m312
ASTM D 1301Copper Strip Corrosion at 50 DEG C, 3hrs, max11
ASTM D 227610Particulate Contaminant, mg/l, max10
ASTM E 203200Water, mg/kg, max9
• 1. Compression ratio• 2. Air- fuel ratio• 3. Ignition timing• 4. Effect of temparature & load• 5. Engine speed• 6.Engine deposit, air temperature, altitude, humidity• 7.Engine management systems
PARAMETERS DETERMINING OCTANE NUMBER
PARAMETERS DETERMINING OCTANE NUMBER
1. EFFECT OF COMPRESSION RATIO
For a typical carburetted engine without engine management.
Compression Octane Number Brake Thermal Efficiency Ratio Requirement ( Full Throttle )5:1 72 -6:1 81 25 %7:1 87 28 %8:1 92 30 %9:1 96 32 %10:1 100 33 %11:1 104 34 %12:1 108 35 %
2.EFFECT OF CHANGING AIR- FUEL RATIO
- Traditionally, the greatest tendency to knock was near 13.5:1 air-fuel ratio for engine specific.
- Modern engines, with engine management systems, now have their maximum octane requirement near to 14.5:1
- maximum power occurs around air-fuel 12-13:1 (Rich), maximum thermal efficiency occurs around air-fuel 16-18:1 (Lean)
PARAMETERS DETERMINING OCTANE NUMBER
3. EFFECT OF CHANGING THE IGNITION TIMING
• The tendency to knock increases as spark advance is increased.
• For an engine with recommended 6 degrees BTDC ( Before Top Dead Centre ) timing and 93 octane fuel, retarding the spark 4 degrees lowers the octane requirement to 91, whereas advancing it 8 degrees requires 96 octane fuel
- Basic Ignition Timing• Vehicle Retarded 5 degrees Standard Advanced 5 degrees• A 88 91 93• B 86 90.5 94.5• C 85.5 88 90• D 84 87.5 91• E 82.5 87 90
PARAMETERS DETERMINING OCTANE NUMBER
4. EFFECT OF TEMPATURE &LOAD
• Increasing the engine temperature, particularly the air-fuel charge temperature, increases the tendency to knock.
• Knock increases as load increases
5. EFFECT OF ENGINE SPEED
Faster engine speed reduces the tendency to knock
PARAMETERS DETERMINING OCTANE NUMBER
PARAMETERS DETERMINING OCTANE NUMBER
6. EFFECT OF ENGINE DEPOSITS, AIR TEMPERATURE, ALTITUDE, HUMIDITY.
• A new engine may only require a fuel of 6-9 octane numbers lower than the same engine after 25,000 km. The deposits produce the ORI by several mechanisms:- They reduce the combustion chamber volume, effectively
increasing the compression ratio. - They also reduce thermal conductivity, thus increasing the
combustion chamber temperatures. - They catalyse undesirable pre-flame reactions that produce end
gases with low autoignition temperatures. • An increase in ambient air temperature of 5.6C increases the octane
requirement of an engine by 0.44 - 0.54 MON• Octane number requirement decreased by 1.0 - 1.9 RON/300m.
• An increase of absolute humidity of 1.0 g water/kg of dry air lowers the octane requirement of an engine by 0.25 - 0.32 MON.
PARAMETERS DETERMINING OCTANE NUMBER
7. EFFECT OF ENGINE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
• Engine management systems are now an important part of the strategy to reduce automotive pollution.
• A modern engine management system can compensate for altitude, ambient air temperature, and fuel octane. The management system will also control cold start settings, and other operational parameters.
• a new requirement that the engine management system also contain an on-board diagnostic function that warns of malfunctions such as engine misfire, exhaust catalyst failure, and evaporative emissions failure.
• The use of fuel of too low octane can actually result in both a loss of fuel economy and power, as the management system may have to move the engine settings to a less efficient part of theperformance map. The system retards the ignition timing until only trace knock is detected.
SURVEY OF VEHICLES IN VIETNAM
NOTE: THE NUMBER REGISTRATED MOTOBIKES INCREASE RAPIDLY
3.26mil2.55mil2.1 milQUANTITY2200720062005YEAR1
QUANTITY OF REGISTRATED MOTOBIKES IN RECENT YEARS
1milAUTOMOBILE35 mil23milMOTOBIKE
24 milTOTALQUANTITY2
20152008YEAR1
QUANTITY OF REGISTRATED VEHICLES
THE OCTANE NUMBER REQUIREMENT OF VEHICLES IN VIETNAM
Super dream DeluxeFutureWave RSVWave 1Wave ZXWave alfaWave SWave RSXWave RS
9:1
Super dream Future IIFuture neo F1
≥ 92
9,3:1Future neo
9,5:0Spacy 125cc
11:1Click ≥ 9511:1Air blade
Honda
ONCompression ratioName Manufacturer
THE OCTANE NUMBER REQUIREMENT OF VEHICLES IN VIETNAM
Mio Ultimo
Mio Maximo
Mio Classico
Nouvo 110 RC
≥ 928,8:1
Nouvo 110 limited
Exciter GP≥ 9511:1
Exciter RC
Jupiter gravita limited
Jupiter gravita RC
Jupiter gravita
Jupiter MX
Sirius R limited
Sirius R
≥ 929,3:1
Sirius
Yamaha
ONcompression ratioName Manufacturer
THE OCTANE NUMBER REQUIREMENT OF VEHICLES IN VIETNAM
9,6:1Hayate9,5:1Smash Revo ≥ 959,6:1X-bike 125
Suzuki
(12 - 13):1Granturismo 125
(12 - 13):1Vespa GTS
(10,6 + - 0,5):1Vespa LXL
(10,1 - 11,1):1Vespa LX
≥ 95
(12-12,5):1Piaggio Carnaby
Piaggio
9,1:1EZ 110≥ 92
9,0:1Elegant
9,6:1Enjoy
10,1:1Attila Victoria
10,1:1Attila Elizabeth≥ 95
9,7:1Excel II
SYM
ONCompression ratioName Manufacturer
GASOLINE QUALITY IN SOME ASIAN &MIDDLE EAST COUNTRIES
40353630 OR 274050-AROMATIC
S(%V)
5--NIL--METALS
(mg/l)
2.53.5115155-BENZENE
(%V)
38-1818 OR 21<20OLEFINE (%V)
500500505050050/10(2007)500SULFUR
(mg/kg)
480360320240INDUCTION
PERIOD
Jan-05Jan-06Jan-07Jan-062005Jan-05Mar-06TCVN 6776:2005CNS12614MS 118JIS K2202
9592909591989592949197929689959188VIETNAMTHAILANDTAIWANSOUTH KOREAMALAYSIAJAPANINDONESIA
GASOLINE QUALITY IN SOME ASIAN &MIDDLE EAST COUNTRIES
3542 OR 354045AROMATICS(%V)
METALS(mg/l)
3112.551BENZENE (%V)
1818 OR 253518OLEFINE (%V)
500501505001000150SULFUR(mg/kg)
480INDUCTION PERIOD
Apr-05Jan-05Jul-05Dec-06Oct-01Jan-06BHARAT IIDB 11/238:2004GB 17930:2006
INDUSTRY LIMITS
938895979390979390979285969591
INDIA H
KONGBEIJINGCHINABRUNEIAUSTRALIA
SPECS
DIEZEL QUALITY IN SOME ASIAN &MIDDLE EAST COUNTRIES
nomentioned2.0-5.0T95- 370max820-870482000ADOKuwait
4602.0-4.5T90-360 max820-860462500/50
0TCVN
5689:2005Viªtnam
nomentionedT90-370 max820-86046/493000/500Jan-04Srilanka
4601.8-4.1T90-357max810-87047/47350Oct-07Thailand
4601.9-4.1T90-338maxReport/4850Jan-05Taiwan
4601.5-5.5T85- 360 max815-84545/4530Jan-06Korea
4602.0-4.5T90-370 max860max48/48500PNS 04:2003
Jan-04Philipine
s
nomentioned1.5-5.8T90-370 maxReport45/473000
MS 123Jun-05
Malaysia
nomentioned2.7 minT90-360 max860max45/4510
JIS K 2204Jan-05
Japan
/4602.0-5.0/2.0-
4.5
T95-370max/360max
815-870/820-86048-45/51-48
3.500/500Mar-06Indonesia
LubricityViscosityDistilationDensityCetane
IndexSulphurEffect in
DIEZEL QUALITY IN SOME ASIAN &MIDDLE EAST COUNTRIES
460T95-max 370820-86046/51350Bharat I 4/1/2005India
4603.0-8.0T95-355max820-84546/51350DB11/239:2004Beijing
4603.0-8.0T95- 355 max820-86046/49500GB/T19147:2003Nonmandatory
No mentioned3.0-8.0T95-365 maxReport/452000GB 252:2000China
No mentioned1.6-4.8T85- 350 max870max1000Oct-01Brunei
4602.0-4.5T 95- 360 max820-85046/50Jan-06Australia
LubricityViscosityDistilationDensityCetane
IndexSulphurEffect In
SUGGESTION
Basing on fuel quality of above Asian & Middle East countries & octane number requirement of vehicles in Vietnam, the suggestions are following:
1. To loose the limits of some specs of gasoline & DO in VietnameseStandards 2005
1.1. For gasoline :
240480Induction period, minutes, min
1
SuggestionTCVN 6776: 2005SpecificationsNo
SUGGESTION
1.2. For diesel oil
0,05 % Vol200Water, mg/kg, max6
Report10Particulate Contaminant, mg/l, max5
Report460Lubricity, µm, max4
810 – 870820 – 860Density at 15 DEG C, kg/m33
1,5 – 5,82 – 4,5Viscosity at 40 DEG C, cSt2
370360Distillation at 90% vol, oC, max
1
SuggestionTCVN 5689: 2005SpecificationsNo
SUGGESTION
2. More testing methods are applied in the standards: 2.1. For gasoline :
ASTM D323TCVN 7023:2002 (ASTM D4953)/ D5191
RVP @37.8oC6
ASTM D6296TCVN 7330:2003 (ASTM D1319)Olefine content5
Reject D4420
ASTM D5580/ D6293,
TCVN 6703:2000 (ASTM D3606)/ D4420
Benzene content4
ASTM D5580TCVN 7330:2003 (ASTM D1319)Aromatic content3
ASTM D4294, D3120
TCVN 6701:2000 (ASTM D2622)/ D5453
Sulfur content2
ASTM D5059TCVN 7143:2002 (ASTM D3237)Lead content1
Added MethodsTCVN 6776: 2005
Test MethodsSpecificationsNo
SUGGESTION
2.2. For diesel oil :
ASTM D4294TCVN 6701:2000 (ASTM D2622)/ D5453
Sulfur content4
ASTM D5950TCVN 3753:1995/ ASTM D97Pour Point3
ASTM D6217ASTM D2276Particulate Contaminant2
ASTM D6304/ D95TCVN E203Water1
Added MethodsTCVN 5689: 2005
Test MethodsSpecificationsNo
SUGGESTION
3. Future steps for fuel quality in Vietnam :
3.1. Phasing out RON 83 gasoline now.
3.2. Using only one grade diesel oil 500 ppm sulphur up to now.
3.3. Implementing EURO 3 in 2012.
3.4. In 2012 upgrading Gasoline with RON 90, 92,95 to RON 92, 95,97.