Fuels from Sunlight, Water and Carbon Dioxide?
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Transcript of Fuels from Sunlight, Water and Carbon Dioxide?
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Fuels from Sunlight, Water and Carbon Dioxide?
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Canadian tar sands
peak oil
Mill
ions
bar
rels
per
day
Year
hydrolic fracking
coral bleaching
Fukushima accident
BP Gulf Coast oil spill
400300
200100
0
150
200
250
300
350
400
Atm
osph
eric
CO
2 leve
ls (p
pmv)
Thousands of years before present (ky BP)
CO2 levels
gas prices
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1 hr = 1 yr energy consumption
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150 million km
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Storing Energy
8 times the volume16 times the weight
gasoline
batteries
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Chemical energy (liquid fuel) is high density
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chemistry
heat sun
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Just a pinch of chemistry
22 2H O +H ½O
2 2CO CO + ½O
2 2 242 CHH O + CO + 2O
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The magic ingredient
cerium dioxide
hot warm
exhales oxygen inhales oxygen
CeO2
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O2H2
H2OHot Warm
exhalation inhalationreleases fuel
Ce
O
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Solar energy is abundant
Chemical fuels store energy well
Solar heat uses all wavelengths of light
Designer materials use heat to make fuels
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Image creditsgas prices: http://www.columbian.com/news/2012/oct/05/calif-gas-prices-shock-drivers/
peak oil: http://www.paulchefurka.ca/Population.html
CO2 levels: Indermühle A., T.F. Stocker, F. Joos, H. Fischer, H.J. Smith, M. Wahlen, B. Deck, D. Mastroianni, J. Tschumi, T. Blunier, R. Meyer, B. Stauffer. 1999. Nature 398:121-126; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2001 (http://www.ipcc.ch); Dr. Pieter Tans, NOAA/ESRL (www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/) and Dr. Ralph Keeling, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/).
fukushima daiichi: http://journeys4good.com/on-location/fukushima-50-japans-volunteer-heroes-and-the-international-volunteers-they-inspire/
coral reefs: http://fooyoh.com/menknowpause_lifestyle_living/5141673
oil spill: http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2010/06/photogalleries/100608-gulf-oil-spill-environment-birds-animals-pictures/
fracking: http://thejackalman.blogspot.com/2011/06/nationals-fracking-response.html
solar energy map: http://www.alternative-energy-resources.net/solarenergydisadvantages.html
the sun: http://haysvillelibrary.wordpress.com/2010/02/23/the-song-of-the-sun/
magnifying lens: http://www.tutorvista.com/physics/magnifying-glass-lens
Canadian tar sands: National Geographic Magazine “Scraping Bottom” March 2009, photo Peter Essick
human respiration: http://www2.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookRESPSYS.html
solar collection field: http://kawngroup.com/solar-thermal-energy-systems/