Fuel retention in W as function of dpa level of radiation damage Task 01-08 B. Tyburska.
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Transcript of Fuel retention in W as function of dpa level of radiation damage Task 01-08 B. Tyburska.
![Page 1: Fuel retention in W as function of dpa level of radiation damage Task 01-08 B. Tyburska.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070305/5514e639550346a80c8b4885/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Fuel retention in W as function of dpa level of radiation damage
Task 01-08
B. Tyburska
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19.07.2010, Garching, EU TF PWI Special Expert Working Groups on “Gas balance and fuel retention 2
Motivation
Neutron irradiation: Defect production new traps for tritium Transmutation effects Mechanical properties changes
ITER divertor [1]
Dpa (Eth=90 eV [18]) 0.27
Neutron wall loading [MW/m2] 0.4
Operation time [s] 2107
Temperature [K] 500-1200
Flux [(DT)/(m2s)] 1020-1022
CW C
Be
WW
CW C
Be
CW C
Be
WW
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19.07.2010, Garching, EU TF PWI Special Expert Working Groups on “Gas balance and fuel retention 3
Heavy ions as a surrogate for neutrons
Large clusters, dense cascades Large energy transfer Lack of radioactivity Short implantation time–damage rate 104 higher Potential chemical composition changes–avoided by self-
implantation Good temperature control–water cooling Low cost
Peaked damage profile, short depth of penetration
Difference in recoil spectra
No transmutation effects
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19.07.2010, Garching, EU TF PWI Special Expert Working Groups on “Gas balance and fuel retention 4
Defect morphology
Method Neutron W self-implantationFIMFIM(Field Ion Microscopy)
Vacancies (V), interstitials (I), vacancy clusters (VC), no voids[2-8]
V, I, VCs, no voids
[9-10]
TEMTEM(Transmission Electron Microscope)
― ?
PAPA(Positron Annihilation)
―V, I, VCs, no voids[11-13]
TDSTDS(Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy)
―~800 K- D desorption from the ion-induced defects (VCs) [14]
Recovery temperature 1200-1350 K [2-5] 1200 K [15-
16]
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19.07.2010, Garching, EU TF PWI Special Expert Working Groups on “Gas balance and fuel retention 5
1. experiment
Material: Rolled W from Goodfellow, outgassed 1200 K, 2h
D retention dependence on dpa (undamaged, damaged, and recovered W):
Number of traps produced by displacement damage NRA
Characterization of ion-induced defects TDS
Dpa value given at its peak, calculated for Eth = 90 eV
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19.07.2010, Garching, EU TF PWI Special Expert Working Groups on “Gas balance and fuel retention 6
Deuterium depth profiles
![Page 7: Fuel retention in W as function of dpa level of radiation damage Task 01-08 B. Tyburska.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070305/5514e639550346a80c8b4885/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
19.07.2010, Garching, EU TF PWI Special Expert Working Groups on “Gas balance and fuel retention 7
TDS spectra
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19.07.2010, Garching, EU TF PWI Special Expert Working Groups on “Gas balance and fuel retention 8
Trapped concentration
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19.07.2010, Garching, EU TF PWI Special Expert Working Groups on “Gas balance and fuel retention 9
Conclusions
Deuterium depth profiles– D is trapped in irradiation-induced defects,
with a trapped concentration ~1.3 %,
– D concentration up to 6 m was saturated at 0.27 dpa,
TDS measurements– D was trapped at the radiation-induced defects associated with peak at ~820K
Effect of annealing– Annealing at 1200 K almost fully removes ion-induced defect.
Deuterium depth profiles– D is trapped in irradiation-induced defects,
with a trapped concentration ~1.3 %,
– D concentration up to 6 m was saturated at 0.27 dpa,
TDS measurements– D was trapped at the radiation-induced defects associated with peak at ~820K
Effect of annealing– Annealing at 1200 K almost fully removes ion-induced defect.
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19.07.2010, Garching, EU TF PWI Special Expert Working Groups on “Gas balance and fuel retention 10
2. experiment
Material: Rolled W from Goodfellow, thick targets outgassed 1200 K, 2h
D retention dependence on temperature:
Number of traps produced by displacement damage NRA
Dpa value given at its peak, calculated for Eth = 90 eV
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19.07.2010, Garching, EU TF PWI Special Expert Working Groups on “Gas balance and fuel retention 11
Deuterium depth profiles
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19.07.2010, Garching, EU TF PWI Special Expert Working Groups on “Gas balance and fuel retention 12
Temperature dependence
Front side: D plasma-defect synergetic effect
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19.07.2010, Garching, EU TF PWI Special Expert Working Groups on “Gas balance and fuel retention 13
Prediction for Iter [17]
Higher trap density but diffusion slower Max. T retention at ~500 K At higher temperatures T desorption and defect recovery lower the total T inventory
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19.07.2010, Garching, EU TF PWI Special Expert Working Groups on “Gas balance and fuel retention 14
Current work and plans
1) Effective diffusion coefficient:
Different W ion incident energies and fluences
Deuterium fluences: 1023-51026 D/m2
= 1023–51026 D/m2
2) D retention dependence on the post-annealing temperature–defects responsible for trapping
Different W ion incident energies and fluences – flat damage profiles
Post-annealing at different recovery temperatures
D plasma exposure
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19.07.2010, Garching, EU TF PWI Special Expert Working Groups on “Gas balance and fuel retention 15
Current work and plans
3) Transmutation effects: Investigation of the W samples containing Re
Re implantation of W
4) D retention as a function of dpa – various materials: Goodfellow
Iter grade
Japanese Iter grade
5) TEM investigation of defects: ?
6) PALS investigations of the tungsten single crystal
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19.07.2010, Garching, EU TF PWI Special Expert Working Groups on “Gas balance and fuel retention 16
Literature[1] H.Iida at al., 2004 ITER Nuclear Analysis Report G 73 DDD 2 W 0
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[12] T. Troev, E. Popov, P. Staikov, N. Nankov, T. Yoshiie, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 267 (2009) 535–541
[13] B. Zgardzińska, B. Tyburska, Z. Surowiec, Proc. Conf. 39th Polish Seminar on Positron Annihilation, Mat. Sci. Forum, to be published
[14] B. Tyburska, Ph.D. thesis, University of Maria Curie-Sklodowska, Lublin 2010
[15] B. Tyburska, V. Kh. Alimov, O. V. Ogorodnikova, K. Schmid, K Ertl, J. Nucl. Mater. 395 (2009) 150-155
[16] B. M. Oliver, R. A. Causey, S. A. Maloy, J. Nucl. Mater. 329-333 (2004) 977–981
[17] O. V. Ogorodnikova, B. Tyburska, V. Alimov, K. Ertl, 19th PSI, San Diego 2010
[18] Standard Practice for Neutron Radiation Damage Simulation by Charge-Particle Irradiation, E521-96, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 12.02, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1996, p. 1.