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FARB-INFO ´02 - Internationale Farbtagung

FARBE + MATERIAL –Technik und Werkstoffe

Mercury Free Flat Panel Light Source for Backlighting and Illumination

Udo Custodis

OSRAM GmbH

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PhosphorDielectric barrier

Reflector

Anode

CathodeBottom glass

Frame

Top glass

Spacer

The various functional layers of a PLANON® lamp

PLANON® lamp structure

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UV-radiation is transformed into visible light by phosphors

PLANON® operating principle

e-

UV Radiation

Top glass

+++ h·

Xenon gas

Glass

Light

+

Anode

Phosphor

Barrier layerCathode

Xe XeXe*2

Xe e-Xe + Xe*2

PLANON® generates light using pulsed dielectric barrier discharge

A suitable voltage is applied to the electrode system of the lamp from the outside. It excites xenon

atoms in the gas chamber and enables the formation of excitedXe2

* molecules

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Principle of the barrier discharge

Light

Xe Xe Xe* ++

Xe2* +XeXe h·+

XeXe2*+

Xe*Xe + e - + e -

AnodeCathodee-

Phosphor

Reflective coatingBottom glass

Top glass

Barrier layerXenon

Phosphor

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PLANON® microdischarges

Small protrusions affixed to the cathode lines function as starting points of microdischarges

Microdischarge Nose

The discharge channels widen to roughly triangular shapes

ending on the opposing electrode lines

The high homogeneity featured by PLANON® is achieved by placing these triangular discharge filaments throughout the whole lamp surface

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PLANON® dimming technology:Principles

PLANON® generates light by using very short pulses

The voltage, which generates these short discharge pulses is shown to the right

time

To ensure a maximum of light stability, it is necessary to have a certain voltage (or energy) per pulse

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PLANON® dimming technology: Two different principles

Analogue Dimming

100%

Luminance

UL

50%UL

PWM-Dimming

50%UL

20%

UL

PWM-Dimming: PWM means „pulse width modulated“, this possibility of dimming uses the inertia of the human eye. The signal is„chopped“ into smaller portions at a rate not visible to the eye. The dimming ratio is proportional to the lilac coloured area. The PWM-dimming yields much better dimming rates than the analogue dimming.

Analogue Dimming: The height of the signal (e.g. voltage) is adjusted to have a lower light

output. The PLANON® dimming range

for this technology is 100…~50%.

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• Mercury-free discharge (Xe Excimer)

• Extremely high long-term stability (MTTH: 100,000 h)

• Color coordinates stable over lifetime

• Luminance independant of temperature (-30°C+85°C)

• High luminance (>7000 cd/m2) and homogenity (>85%)

• Instant light (start-up time < 5ms)

• Lambertian characteristics

• Heat dissipation with extremely low Rth

• Availability of different sizes: 10.4”, 15”, 18” , 20.1” , 21.3” , (24” , 28”)

• Availability of ECGs: including PFC + lamp driver, lamp-driver only

PLANON® System Advantages

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0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

-30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Ambient temperature °C

Re

lati

ve

lig

ht

ou

tpu

t %

Mercury fluorescent

OSRAM PLANON®

PLANON®

Hg- basedfluoresc. lamps(typical trend)

Relative light output vs. ambient temperature

PLANON® light output is unaffected by changes in ambient temperature

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PLANON® Industrial Application

CCFL-based Backlight, 0h CCFL-based Backlight , 1 year PLANON-based Backlight, 0h

Key Features

• Display: 10.4”, VGA

• Luminance: 400 nits

• B/L power consumption: < 11W

• Lifetime (MTTH): 100,000 h

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Lifetime Comparison PLANON® vs. CCFL

Luminance versus Lifetime for LCD Backlighting Systems(Example: Control Panels for factory automation)

X 1000 Hours

Le

uc

htd

ich

te /

[c

d/m

²]

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

2 8 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10

PLANON, measured values

PLANON, expected course

CCFL datasheet values

CCFL measured values

Application in

Factory Automation:

Higher stress in the field of:

- Vibration,

- Shock,

- Temperature,

- Dust.

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Maintenance Results (Large Lamp Sizes)

0 10 54 60 100 500 1000 2000 2033 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 10000 12000

hours

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

90

95

100

%

LEGEND

18 Zoll

Maint

20,1 Zoll

Maint

21,3 Zoll

Maint

Maintenance (Ref= 0 h)

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Lifetime Prediction for 18” PLANON®M

ain

ten

ance

(1

0.0

00

h)

73

% +

/-4

60

70

80

90

100

PLANON 18 inch

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38

h^(1/3)1000 h100 h 10,000 h

40 42 44

10

20

30

40

50

0

100,000 h

Measured values

Calculated Lifetime Prediction:

~100,000 h

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Adjusted Response Graphs

Color Coordinates vs. Lifetime

- Stabilization within 1000 h

- Typical change after 1000h: ~ 0,016 CIE

0,29

0,26

0,27

0,28

x, y

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18h^(1/3)

7000 h100 h

0,3

1000 h

y

x

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Color Shift vs. Lifetime Measured Data for 20.1“ Lamps

Results for 123 lamps from 3 production lots:

Stabilization within 1000 h

Typical change after 1000h: ~ 0.010 CIE (x) and ~ 0.012 CIE (y)

Lamp to lamp and lot to lot variation of colour shift within 0.003 CIE (x and y) after 10.000 h

Time / h

0 100 500 1000 2000 5000 10000

-0

0

0,005

0,01

0,015

0,02

0

0,006

0,009

0,012

0,0140,013

0

0,009

0,011

0,013

0,016

0,014

0,008

0,010,01

0,012

0,014

0,017

0,016

0

0,011

0,0140,015

0,019

0,016

Shift of x Coordinate

x y

0 100 500 1000 2000 5000 10000

0

0,002

0,004

0,006

0,008

0,01

0,012

0,014

0,016

0,018

0,004

0,006

0,009

0,008

0,011 0,011

0,006

0,01

0,013

0,011

0,014

0,012

0,005

0,009

0,011

0,01

0,013

0,008

0,012

0,0140,013

0,015

0,013

0,009

0,014

0,017 0,017

0,015

0,014

Shift of y Coordinate

Time / h

Initial Spread set to 0 Final Spread within 0.003 CIE

PLANON based BLUs show

• Excellent colour stability

• Extremely low lamp to lamp and lot to lot colour variation over lifetime

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Features

Lamp: 10,4”... 15,0” Input power: 20... 40W Input voltage: 24V DC Dimming ratio: 1:5 Dimming interface: PWM,

optically insulated Driving control: with microcontroller ,

in circuit programmable Dimensions: 200 × 40 × 20 mm3

Inverter / ECG QT PLANON 6

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Features

Lamp: 18,1”... 24” Input power: 20... 100W Input voltage: 24V DC Dimming ratio: 1:5 Dimming interface: PWM,

optically insulated Driving control: with microcontroller ,

in circuit programmable Dimensions: 200 × 75 × 20 mm3

Inverter / ECG QT PLANON 8

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Examples of Current PLANON® LCD Applications

APPLICATION KEY PLANON ADVANTAGES TYP. SIZE TYP. QTY/PROJECT MARKETS CURRENTLY SERVED

Point of Sales, e. g. Lifetime 15“ – 18“ ~ 103 Europe / North AmericaGas Stations Temperature Independence

Brightness

Passenger Information Lifetime 15“ – 18“ ~ 102 EuropeSystems Brightness

Robustness

Air / Ground Traffic Brightness 20“ – 21“ ~ 102 EuropeControl Lifetime

Touch Panels / ATM / Brightness 10“ – 18“ ~ 102 – 103 Europe / North AmericaOrder Confirmation Boards Lifetime

Temperature Independence

Factory Automation Lifetime 10“ – 15“ ~ 102 EuropeTemperature IndependenceBrightness

Medical Lifetime 18“ – 22“ ~102 – 103 EuropeMaintenanceBrightnessColor Coordinates

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SIEMENS i-SFT

Point of Sales / Point of Interest Displays

•Stable light output even in the outdoor temperature range from –20°C to 85°C.

•High display brightness of up to 1200 nits.

•Excellent maintenance with guaranteed values of 70% initial luminance even after 5 years continuous operation.

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Passenger Information Systems

Passenger information systems in S-Bahn trains in Berlin, Germany

• High luminance (450 nits display luminance)

• Luminance independent of ambient temperature

• Long lifetime

• High immunity against shock and vibration

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High luminance, up to 600 cd/m² atSXGA resolutions

Large size backlights up to 21.3”

Excellent reliability and maintenance values of 100,000 h to half brightness

PLANON® application:Air traffic control

Airport Tower Frankfurt

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Excellent maintenance, luminance>70% of initial value after 5 yearsof continuous operation

Luminance independent oftemperature

High brightness for control panelsand process monitors up to 720 cd/m2

PLANON® application:Factory automation

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CCFL based back light, 0 h CCFL based back light, 1 year PLANON® based back light, 0 h

Key features

• Display: 10,4“, VGA

• Luminance 350 cd/m2

• B/L power consumption: ~ 10W

• Lifetime (MTTH): up to 100,000 h

PLANON® application:Factory automation - example

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Medical Applications

•Flexible design (size, color coordinates)

•Excellent uniformity and micro-uniformity

•Stability over Lifetime of Luminance and color coordinates (> 50.000 h vs. 30.000h with current CCFL based solutions)

•Extremely low lamp to lamp and lot to lot color variation over lifetime

For more informations, please refer to:

http://www.ad.siemens.de/meta/sixcms/detail.php3?id=4120

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0,0

0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

0,5

0,6

0,7

0,8

0,9

1,0

380 430 480 530 580 630 680 730 780

Medical Applications - X-Ray Lightbox

• Extremely bright, “blue” white color, > 10000 cd/m²• Excellent uniformity and micro-uniformity• Stability over Lifetime of Luminance and color coordinates• Color temperature designed for X-Ray film transmission

nm

x = 0,238

y = 0,248 Colortemp. 50.000 K

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Medical Applications - X-Ray Lightbox

• Extremely bright, “blue” white color, > 10000 cd/m²• Excellent uniformity and micro-uniformity• Stability over Lifetime of Luminance and color coordinates• Color temperature designed for X-Ray film transmission

x

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Comparison of Spectral Distribution Standard 8000K to Medical Spectrum

00,10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,9

1

380 480 580 680 780

nm

I nor

m

400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750

100%

75%

50%

25%

0%

Medical Spectrum

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Fixture for Medical Application: Radiography PLANON: Medical Spectrum

Fixture manufacturer: Lichttechnik , Munich(see also www.Licht-Technik.com)

Features

• High brightness >10.000 cd/m²

• Dimmeable to 20%

• Long lifetime 100.000h MTTH

• Special color coordinates

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0

0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

0,5

0,6

0,7

0,8

0,9

1

380 430 480 530 580 630 680 730 780

• 5600 K according to spectral sensitivity of Film material• Color temperature nearly constant:-20°C to + 80°C,over lifetime, during Dimming• Stability over Lifetime of Luminance and color coordinates• Extremely soft light distribution

nm

Film Applications

x=0,326

y=0,316 Colortemp. 5600 K

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00,10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,9

1

380 480 580 680 780

nm

I nor

mComparison of Spectral Distribution Standard 8000K - to 5600K Film Spectrum

x = 0,

y = 0, Colortemp. 5600 K

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Office - industrial luminairs

PLANON 18“canteen

Siemens Zürich PLANON 15“ design study

by BELUX (CH)

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Summary • Minimum of 19% within the next 2 years by improvment of the lamp and production process

• Addititional improvment of 5% can be achieved by mechanical BLU construction (not recommended for very high brightness BLUs)

-Improved productionprocess

Confirmed Efficiency Gain 5 % 4 % 10 %

Action: - Mixture of Gases

2001

2003

2002I/01 II/01 III/01IV/01 I/02 II/02 III/02IV/02I/03 II/03 III/03IV/03

2001

2003

2002I/01 II/01 III/01IV/01 I/02 II/02 III/02IV/02I/03 II/03 III/03IV/03

I/01 II/01 III/01IV/01

I/01 II/01 III/01IV/01 I/02 II/02 III/02IV/02

I/02 II/02 III/02IV/02I/03 II/03 III/03IV/03I/03 II/03 III/03IV/03

-Lower light losses, Electrodestructure optimization

- Improvement of phosphor

Successfully demonstrated,transfer into production ongoing

Plans for Improvement of Efficiency

Thermal Load • In current applications (s.a. POS/POI, Outdoor, ATC...) thermal loading can be handled by BLU design• Advantages of PLANON: low thermal resistance, no hot spots • Improvement of lamp efficiency reduces thermal loading even further

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Comparison PLANON 1 <-> PLANON 2

Current PLANON Design

12mm Lightbox1 x DR85C1 x DF100SX, 1 x BEF

PLANON Lamp

Metal Plate

Total Thickness: 24 mmWeight (21.3“) 2.3 kg

New PLANON Design

• Improved thickness of system: 15 mm

• Improved weight of system: 1kg (21.3“)

• Samples available in 2003

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PLANON 2

top view:

pulsed dielectric barrier discharges

conical spacers

cross-section:

Patterns of discharges- and conical spacers are leading to a regular even radiation of a diffuser:

diffuser

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PLANON 2

A three component assembly opensthe door to massproduction:

shaped front-glasswith integratedconical spacers

plane back- plate

isolation with external electrodes

light

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Example of 15“ PLANON 2 Sample