Frost Shattering H2O entering joints and cracks in rocks freezes and the crack expands rock...
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![Page 1: Frost Shattering H2O entering joints and cracks in rocks freezes and the crack expands rock eventually falls apart.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bfe71a28abf838cb5c9e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Frost Shattering
• H2O entering joints and cracks in rocks freezes and the crack expands rock eventually falls apart
![Page 2: Frost Shattering H2O entering joints and cracks in rocks freezes and the crack expands rock eventually falls apart.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bfe71a28abf838cb5c9e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Thermal Expansion
• Rock is heated all day and expands. At night the rock is cooled and contracts breaks apart
![Page 3: Frost Shattering H2O entering joints and cracks in rocks freezes and the crack expands rock eventually falls apart.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bfe71a28abf838cb5c9e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Exfoliation/Sheeting
• Rock that was once under intense pressure in the earth now exposed and pressure is released rock layers peel off as pressure is reduced
![Page 4: Frost Shattering H2O entering joints and cracks in rocks freezes and the crack expands rock eventually falls apart.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bfe71a28abf838cb5c9e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Solution
• As rain falls through the atmosphere it binds to CO2 carbonic acid.
• This acid dissolves rock like limestone
![Page 5: Frost Shattering H2O entering joints and cracks in rocks freezes and the crack expands rock eventually falls apart.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bfe71a28abf838cb5c9e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Oxidation
• 02 dissolved in H2O can change Fe into Iron Oxide.
• Iron Oxide comes into contact with H2O and carries it and deposits onto surfaces
• Often turns rocks red
![Page 6: Frost Shattering H2O entering joints and cracks in rocks freezes and the crack expands rock eventually falls apart.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bfe71a28abf838cb5c9e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Hydrolysis
• Carbonic acid acting on silicates and dissolves material gets carried in H20.
• This process can create soils of great depth as rock layers continue to dissolve