Front shovel, back hoe and loader

Group member:

Lam Wai Kei 50255268 Hui Tan La 50320673

Why do we have to know the differences between them? Because

Different equipments cope with different conditions and tasks

Time and effort(efficiency) needed to do tasks will be affected

it is used to perform repetitive work Capacity(e.g. bucket = 1.0 yd3) and Cycle (e.g. 60 secs/ bucket)

Comparison among 3 machines (wheel type)

Function Appearance Operation

method

There are many sizes and power of the three machine. In general speaking, the main aspects for us to concern is the

bucket capacity, rotation ability

and up and down

ability with similar size

Main Function

Excavation and loading

Hoe very versatile: dig trench, place

pipe, backfill with same hoe excellent digging power excellent accuracy for depth control excellent for loading trucks productivity approaches power

shovel output when digging at moderate depths

Function

Back Hoe excavate the earth at a lower level

Functional differences between back hoe and front shovel

Back hoe: Excavate or dig materials below its

standing level

Front shovel Dig or ditch material from ground

and up to above

Front shovel(pull hoe)

After digging, the front shovel is loading surplus onto a truck

Loader

The loader is removing surplus off site

Function of loader used for digging, scooping, lifting,

carrying & dumping used for backfilling, spreading &

compacting

Function (summary)Front shovel Backhoe Loader Dig above the ground level (e.g. soil and loose rock) Haul Load

Dig below ground (for trench and basement) Haul Load

Combine with front shovel and bulldozer (for dig slightly below ground level) Haul Load

Appearance

Length (mm) 5,621

Width (mm) ~1000

Height (mm) 2,553

Front shovel / hoe

The working radius is about 20 ft.

Appearance (Cont)

Bucket width 74 in 1870mm

Full Length 150 in 3810mm

Full Width 74 in 1870mm

Full Height 60 in 1520mm

Loader

Appearance (summary) The working radius of shove is

larger The loader is wider

Operation method(When dig, load, haul and dump)

Front shovel

Backhoe Loader

Position the bucket Swing about its center pin Do not required to travel when moving the bucket from loading to dump position

Similar to front shovel But, when hauling, it need

to move up to ground level first

It must be operated and traveled with loader

Operation method (Cont)(When dig, load, haul and dump)

Front shovel Position the bucket Swing about its center pin Do not required to travel when moving the bucket from loading to dump position

Operation method (Cont)(When dig, load, haul and dump)

Backhoe Similar to front shovelBut, when hauling, it need to move up to ground level first

Operation method (Cont)(When dig, load, haul and dump)

Loader It must be operated and traveled with loader

Comparison among 3 machines(wheel type)

Back hoe Front shovel

loader

Bucket capacity(largest),yd3

3.00 3.00 11.25

Rotation, degree ~45-90 ~45-90 ---

Up and down ability

High with long boom

High with long boom

Low with short boom

Operating Weight (lb)

97,665 97,665 212520

Comparison among 3 machines(wheel type)

The long boom of hoe can allow it the dig the soil more flexible and deeper

Since the main function of loader is loading material, it will carry much more material than hoes do. For the tipping problem, the boom of

loader cannot be too long

Difficulties in a restricted area

The site is: small and limited(e.g. in the centre

of a traffic road) Sloppy(e.g. on a hill side) Many obstacles(e.g. construction

material, other equipments)

Which equipment is suitable for the site?

If we need to dig the sides of the site,just like

It is better to use a front shovel

It depends on the site condition.

Which equipment is suitable for the site? Reason:

More efficient to use as Back Hoe need to rise its arms first before operation, power will be wasted to uplift the arms

Which equipment is suitable for the site?

If materials below operation needed to be excavated out, back hoe is more suitable to be used.

Which equipment is suitable for the site?

For digging earth, we seldom use loader to carry out , since its bulky size and the limitation on rotation

Which equipment is suitable for the site?

How about using loader to transport surplus or material on site?

Which equipment is suitable for the site?

It is clear that the cap of loader cannot rotate. (up and down only)

On a restricted site, it is impossible to use it to transport material on site as there is no enough space for the to return and move

Which equipment is suitable for the site? The boom of the hoe can be moved, at

about 45o, even in a limited space they can rotate more flexible than loader

Summary

In a restricted area, Back hoe and front shovel are more

efficient to undergo digging Small truck is then used to remove

the surplus off site

Reference http://www.komatsueq.com/Products/shovels.htm http://www.komatsueq.com/Products/loaders.htm http://www.citivu.com/fontana/mw/equip.html http://www.ajaxpong.com.hk/chinese/html/excavator.html http://www.atvchassis.com/shovel.html http://www.trucks.nl/ http://www.yungtay.com.tw/yungtay_hitachi/mach_04.htm http://www.vanloon.trucks.nl/index.html McKay, John Kenneth. "Building construction, Volume 4 " 4th ed. H

arlow, Essex : Longman Scientific & Technical, 1988. Seeley, Ivor H. "Advanced building measurement" 2nd ed. London :

Macmillan, 1989. Hardie, Glenn M. "Building construction : principles, practices, and

materials"Englewood Cliffs, N.J. : Prentice Hall, c1995.

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