From Montego Bay From Montego Bay to Nagoyato Nagoya

UNCLOS and CDB/ABSUNCLOS and CDB/ABS

Bernard Commère Bernard Commère MESRMESR

Colloque Croissance bleueColloque Croissance bleueInstitut Français d’AthènesInstitut Français d’Athènes

25 novembre 2013 25 novembre 2013

Marine and environmental

research coordination and programmation

in France

Titre de la présentation - jj mmmm aaaa 3

Environmental research : AllEnvi

Research alliance by 12 founders among which :

Ifremer, CNRS (INEE, INSU)

IRD MNHN

With 15 associate members13 work groups : biodiversity, marine research, climate, infrastructures etc.http://www.allenvi.fr/

French vessels in Mediterranean

Titre de la présentation - jj mmmm aaaa 4

Eurofleets – 24 members, among which

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Euroargo – Argo floats in Mediterranean sea

Titre de la présentation - jj mmmm aaaa 6

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Energy : ANCRE

Research alliance by 4 founders : CEA, CNRS, IFPEN, CPU

With 15 associate members, among whichIfremer BRGM

IRD10 work groups : 5 sources (biomass, fossile, nuclear, solar, sea and wind), 3 uses, 2 storage and distribution

Titre de la présentation - jj mmmm aaaa 8

National marine research program

Prepared by AllEnvi

Discussed with Representatives of

Ministries, Industry, Labour organisations Local collectivities

(summary in english)

http://www.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/Le-programme-mer-etat-des-lieux-et.html

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National plan for marine mineral resources

R&D : exploration, technology

Main areas of interest and reserved areas EEZ in Pacific : 1 application (Wallis - sulfurs) International zone (International Seabed Authority) : 2 applications : Pacific – nodules, Atlantic - sulfurs Partners : Ifremer, CNRS, industrial companies

Deep sea mining and environment protection : Collective expertise (state of the art, bibliographical) on (publication expected in 2014)

From Montego Bay From Montego Bay to Nagoyato Nagoya

UNCLOS and CDB/ABSUNCLOS and CDB/ABS

Bernard Commère Bernard Commère MESRMESR

Colloque Croissance bleueColloque Croissance bleueInstitut Français d’AthènesInstitut Français d’Athènes

25 novembre 2013 25 novembre 2013

UNCLOS - United Nations Convention on UNCLOS - United Nations Convention on the Law of the Seathe Law of the Sea - Montego Bay - - Montego Bay - 10 10 December, 1982 December, 1982

• Part V : exclusive economic zonePart V : exclusive economic zone• Part XIII : marine scientific researchPart XIII : marine scientific research

– Promote scientific research for peaceful Promote scientific research for peaceful purposes, without interference with other purposes, without interference with other legitimate uses of the sea,legitimate uses of the sea,

– sovereignty and right to regulate of coastal sovereignty and right to regulate of coastal State,State,

– reciprocity, publication and disseminationreciprocity, publication and dissemination– compliance with relevant regulations including compliance with relevant regulations including

those for the those for the protection and preservation of the protection and preservation of the marine environmentmarine environment

– Application : territorial seas, economic zonesApplication : territorial seas, economic zones

European « economic European « economic zone »zone »

In the Mediterranean seaIn the Mediterranean sea• Virtually all areas are in economic Virtually all areas are in economic

zones, i.e. no area is outside a zones, i.e. no area is outside a possible claim as EEZ (200 nm).possible claim as EEZ (200 nm).=>Under national jurisdictions=>Under national jurisdictions

• France has declared an ecological France has declared an ecological protection zone (2004), and protection zone (2004), and transformed in EEZ (october 2012)transformed in EEZ (october 2012)

French regulationsFrench regulations• Research code : L 251-1 (law July Research code : L 251-1 (law July

1986)1986)Scientific marine research in territorial sea and Scientific marine research in territorial sea and

EEZ EEZ submitted to an authorizationsubmitted to an authorization

• Other regulationsOther regulations–Environment code (under revision)Environment code (under revision)–Mining code (under revision)Mining code (under revision)–FisheriesFisheries–Archeological protectionArcheological protection

Application of UNCLOS for Application of UNCLOS for marine scientific reseachmarine scientific reseach• Foreign states Foreign states and international bodies : and international bodies :

« diplomatic pathway » (Embassies – « diplomatic pathway » (Embassies – Ministry of foreign affairs)Ministry of foreign affairs)

• International bodies International bodies with french with french membership : implicit, if no observations membership : implicit, if no observations after 4 monthsafter 4 months

• French applicationsFrench applications– Public bodies : implicit authorisation (annual Public bodies : implicit authorisation (annual

program)program)

Foreign application for marine Foreign application for marine scientific research in French scientific research in French waterswaters• 30 to 40 requests every year an30 to 40 requests every year an• Year 2012Year 2012

– 20 from european countries 20 from european countries 5 in 5 in Mediterranean SeaMediterranean Sea, ,

others in Channel and Atlanticothers in Channel and Atlantic– 17 from other countries 17 from other countries

Atlantic, Pacific, sub AntarcticAtlantic, Pacific, sub Antarctic

Need for new regulation to Need for new regulation to face new challengesface new challenges• Development of marine activitiesDevelopment of marine activities

– new technologies for observationnew technologies for observation– new activities (energy, mineral new activities (energy, mineral

resources, archeological interest)resources, archeological interest)– risk of piracy (wrecks)risk of piracy (wrecks)– private operatorsprivate operators

New regulation under New regulation under preparation for marine preparation for marine researchresearch• Foreign states and international bodies : Foreign states and international bodies :

« diplomatic pathway » (no change)« diplomatic pathway » (no change)• International bodies (no change)International bodies (no change)• French applications : French applications : all cases non covered by all cases non covered by

other regulations (environment, mining, fisheries, other regulations (environment, mining, fisheries, archeol...)archeol...)

– public bodies : authorisation of annual programpublic bodies : authorisation of annual program– others : declaration to marine authority others : declaration to marine authority

(PREMAR) – 2 weeks before start, may use (PREMAR) – 2 weeks before start, may use european vesselseuropean vessels

– transmission of informationtransmission of information. .

Convention on biological Convention on biological diversity (1992)diversity (1992)

Nagoya Protocol on access to genetic

resources and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from their

utilization (29 October 2010)

Law on biodiversity (project)Law on biodiversity (project)

• General principles : authorisation ?General principles : authorisation ?– ResearchResearch : declaration ?: declaration ?

Objectives to keep in mind : Objectives to keep in mind : simplification simplification competitivitycompetitivity

Law on biodiversity (project)Law on biodiversity (project)

•Marine ResearchMarine Research– transmission of information totransmission of information toIfremerIfremer, , AFBAFB (French agency for (French agency for

biodiversity, to be created), biodiversity, to be created), SHOMSHOM (Hydrographic and oceanographic (Hydrographic and oceanographic services), services), Météo FranceMétéo France

– « Data falling immediately in public « Data falling immediately in public domain » domain » : security of navigation, water : security of navigation, water movements and physico-chemical movements and physico-chemical properties, seafloor morphology and properties, seafloor morphology and nature (idem Mining code)nature (idem Mining code)

Thank you for your attention

Ministère de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche

Direction générale de la Recherche et de l’Innovation

1 rue DescartesF-75231 Paris Cedex 05

www.enseignementsup-recherche.gouv.fr

MESR-DGRI / CREST 4-5 sept.08 Research in France 23

attractivitéautonomie

compétitivitéexcellence

innovation