MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014

From iOS To Android(or reverse)

José Manuel Ortega Candel

@jmortegac

http://www.linkedin.com/jmortega1

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014

https://speakerdeck.com/jmortega/

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ARCHITECTURE / iOS / ANDROID

TOOLS XCODE vs ANDROID STUDIO

APPLICATIONS / PERMISSIONS / PRIVACY

USER INTERFACE

STATIC ANALYSIS CODE / TESTING

CERTIFICATES AND SIGNING

EMULATORS / MEMORY MANAGEMENT/ DATABASE

APP PUBLISHING / DEVELOPER LIBRARIES

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ARCHITECTURE

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Android Architecture

DALVIK ART

Just-In-Time (JIT) Compilation Ahead-Of-Time (AOT)

Compilation

Cache builds up over time

Boot times are faster

Cache is built at first boot

Rebooting device takes

significantly longer

Apps compiled when executed Stores Compiled Apps

Consumes much more internal

storage space

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iOS Architecture

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TOOLS

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IDES Android iOS

https://developer.android.com/sdk/

installing/studio.html

APPCode http://www.jetbrains.com/objc/

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on Android Studio

InteliJ IDE Based Maven based Build Dependency Combines Ant && Maven / Gradle Tasks

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Android Studio

Templates

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Android Studio

Project settings

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XCode

Provides multiple ios app templates

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Xcode Project

Testing on device

Base SDK

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Interface Builder

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Instruments on iOS

Debugging, performance analysis, and testing

Real-time CPU, memory, disk, energy, and network

usage

Threads, network, and energy usage

I/O system and thread activity

Allows detecting memory leaks

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APPLICATIONS

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Android Applications

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Android Layout Manager+ Device Preview

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Android Applications

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.app.Activity;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);}

} public static void invokeWebBrowser(Activity activity){

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);

intent.setData(Uri.parse("http://www.google.com"));

activity.startActivity(intent);

}

Activity

Intents [Explicit,Implicits]

Services

Content Providers[Sharing data between apps]

Fragments from 3.0

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Android components

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Android’s RecyclerView

Adapter

ViewHolder

LayoutManager

ItemDecoration

ItemAnimator

https://developer.android.com/training/material/lists-cards.html

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Android Navigation Drawer

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Layout Systems

UINavigationBar

UITableView

TextView

TextView

LinearLayout

TextView

TextView

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LifeCycle Applications

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LifeCycle Applications

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application

didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions

{

self.window.rootViewController = self.navigationController;

[self.window makeKeyAndVisible];

return YES;

}

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iOS Applications

C

Objective –C,[message passing]

Swift

PlayGround for leaning Swift

Programming with Objetive-C in windows/

linux

http://www.gnustep.org/

https://developer.apple.com/swift

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Objective-C vs Swift

NSString *string = @“hello”;

let string = "hello" as NSString

let s: NSString = "hello"

var string: NSString = "hello"

string= "Hello"

NSLog(@“This is a string”); println("This is a string");

NSArray *myArray = [NSArray

arrayWithObjects:@“string1",

@“string2", nil];

var myArray = [“string1", "string2"]

var myArray : [String] =

[“string1", "string2"]

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iOS Applications

@synthesize will generate getter and setter

methods for your @property

@interface MyObject:NSObject {

NSString *_name;

}

@property (nonatomic,assign) NSString* name;

@end

@implementation MyObject

@synthesize name = _ name;

@end

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UIKit Framework

UIButton

UILabel

UIImageView

UITextField

UIPickerView

UIWindow

UIView

UIViewController

NSObject,NSString,NSMutableString, NSDate,NSNumber

Collections(NSArray, NSDictionary, NSSet,NSEnumerator)

Foundation Framework

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iOS Applications

UIViewController is the parent for view Controllers

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iOS Applications

Organizer

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iOS Applications

Snippets in XCode

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iOS Applications

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iOS Applications

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface MyViewController : UIViewController <UITableViewDataSource,

UITableViewDelegate>{

IBOutlet UITableView *table;

NSMutableData *dataReceive;

}

@property(nonatomic,assign) NSMutableData *dataReceive;

@end

UIViewController interface MyViewController.h

implementation MyViewController.m @implementation MyViewController

@synthesize dataReceive,table;

- (void)viewDidLoad{

[super viewDidLoad];

NSURL *url = [[NSURL alloc] initWithString:@“url"];

self.dataReceive = [[NSMutableData data] retain];

}

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iOS Applications

UINavigationController

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iOS Applications

UINavigationController

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary

*)launchOptions {

UIStoryboard *storyboard = [UIStoryboard storyboardWithName:@"MainStoryboard" bundle:nil];

//Recuperamos el ViewController

UIViewController *rootViewController = [storyboard instantiateInitialViewController];

// Creamos un UINavigationController, que se encargará de controlar y almacenar los distintos

viewControllers de nuestra aplicación.

UINavigationController *navigationController = [[UINavigationController

alloc]initWithRootViewController:rootViewController];

//Asignamos el navigationController como principal.

self.window.rootViewController = navigationController; return YES;

}

-(IBAction)goToPantalla2:(id)sender { UIStoryboard *storyBoard = [UIStoryboard storyboardWithName:@"MainStoryboard" bundle:nil];

//Obtenemos el controlador con Identifier "Pantalla2"

Pantalla2ViewController *pantalla2Controller = [storyBoard

instantiateViewControllerWithIdentifier:@"Pantalla2"];

//Lanzamos el controlador en el navigation de forma animada:

[self.navigationController pushViewController:pantalla2Controller animated:YES]; }

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Design patterns on iOS Applications MVC

Target-action

Delegate and protocols

A delegate is an object that control of the user interface for that event.

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ViewPager / UIPageViewController

Swipe gesture

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Multilanguage

NSString *localizedString =

NSLocalizedString(@"Hello",@“DefaultString");

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Certificates and Signing

Android iOS

Self-signed certificate

Apps are signed by

developers

Apple certificate

Apps are signed by Apple

Java Keytool

Generate a distribution

provisioning profile

Export + Sign APK

iOS Provisioning Portal

Debug and distribution

certificate

App ID (unique ID of your app)

Set of device unique identifiers

Developer certificate

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Android Studio

Export + Sign APK

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PERMISSIONS

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Permissions on Android

AndroidManifest.xml Protection mechanism to interact with other

applications

<uses--‐permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

<uses--‐permission

android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/>

<uses--‐permission

android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>

<uses--‐permission

android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>

<uses--‐permission

android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

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Permissions on iOS o Declare your application requirements in its manifest-like Info.plist.

This is used only for ensuring device compatibility.

o UIRequiredDeviceCapabilities allows you to list

’hardware-like’ capabilities that your app needs.

o AppStore reads this information for filter installer

devices.

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Permissions on iOS

Privacy Analysis Tools for iOs Applications

patia.unileon.es

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Privacy

Permission Manager

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USER

INTERFACE

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Evolution

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Android Material design

Minimalist and consistency

Transitions, animiations

Cards

https://developer.android.com/training/material/get-started.html

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Android Material design

Ldrawer

https://github.com/kanytu/android-material-drawer-template

https://github.com/IkiMuhendis/LDrawer

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<resources>

<style name="AppTheme"

parent="android:Theme.Material.Light">

<item name="android:colorPrimary">

@color/primary</item>

<item name="android:colorPrimaryDark">

@color/primary_dark</item>

<item name="android:colorAccent">

@color/accent</item>

<item name="android:textColorPrimary">

@color/text_primary</item>

<item name="android:textColor">

@color/text_secondary</item>

<item name="android:navigationBarColor">

@color/primary_dark</item> </style>

</resources>

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Android Material design

https://github.com/google/iosched

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Android Fragments Fragment is a chunk of user interface with its own life cycle. Fragment must exist within an Activity Interaction with fragments is done through FragmentManager Fragment API was introduced in API 11

http://developer.android.com/tools/support-library

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Android Fragments

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iOS Master-Detail template UISplitViewController

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Notifications

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STATIC

ANALYSIS CODE

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Static analysis code on Android Studio

Inspect Profile

Lint

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Static analysis code on Java projects

SonarQube

Sonnar-runner

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Static analysis code on XCode

Static Analyzer

Detect memory leaks

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TESTING

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Mobile Application Testing

TYPES Unit Testing

Functionality Testing

Integration Testing

Regression Load Testing

Stress Testing

Performance

Usability Testing

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Mobile Application Testing

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CheckList

Rotating the screen

Behavior of when network is not

available

Navigation between screens

Behavior of app if app is running for

longer period of time and checking

memory

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Testing on Android

Unit & Integration,TDD

Junit

RoboElectric

Acceptance,BDD

RobotiumTesting User Interface

Calabash

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Unit testing on iOS

XCTest

#import <XCTest/XCTest.h>

#import “TestObject.h"

@interface TestOjectLogicTests : XCTestCase {

@private

TestObject *object;

}

@end

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EMULATORS

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Emulator vs Simulator Android iOS

Emulator Simulator

Very slow integrated with SDK Integrated with Xcode

Emulates hardware and software Simulates only software

Launched apps are equal

binaries from the apps compiled

for Device CPU

Launched apps are different

binaries from the apps compiled

for Device CPU

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Genymotion

Integration with Eclipse and Android Studio

MULTI OS Compatible with Linux,Windows and Mac

Requires VirtualBox

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Alternatives

http://jimulabs.com/ for Android live preview

https://appthwack.com/ for testing in the cloud with real

devices

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MEMORY

MANAGEMENT

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Android Handles memory management

automatically Garbage Collector

iOS release, retain, autorelease

ARC(Automatic Reference Counting)

Developer maintain the count number for each object

Destroys object when reference counting become 0

@autoreleasepool

With ARC, compiler set this methods where its

necessary

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ARC

Migrating to ARC

Project Build Settings

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DATA

PERSISTENCE

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Android iOS

SQLite

android.database.sqlite

Tables and relations

Core Data

Objects

DataModel

Content Providers

/data/data/<Application-Package>

/databases/<database-name>

Only acces with root

DataModel editor in Xcode for

register objects and their

relationships

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iOS Core Data

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Alernatives

http://realm.io/

Android and iOS

Object-oriented API

C++ Core

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SHARED

ACTIONS

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Android

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >

<item

android:id="@+id/share"

android:title="@string/share"

android:showAsAction="ifRoom"

android:actionProviderClass="android.widget.ShareActionProvider"/>

</menu>

private ShareActionProvider mShareActionProvider;

mShareActionProvider.setShareIntent(getDefaultShareIntent());

private Intent getDefaultShareIntent(){

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND); //IMPLICIT INTENT

intent.setType("text/plain");

intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT,"Extra Text");

return intent;}

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iOS

- (IBAction)shareButton:(UIBarButtonItem *)sender

{

NSString *textToShare = @“textToShare";

UIImage *imageToShare = [UIImage imageNamed:@"yourImage.png"];

NSURL *myWebsite = [NSURL

URLWithString:@"http://www.example.com/"];

NSArray *objectsToShare = @[textToShare, imageToShare ,myWebsite];

UIActivityViewController *activityVC = [[UIActivityViewController

alloc] initWithActivityItems:objectsToShare applicationActivities:nil];

NSArray *excludeActivities =

@[UIActivityTypeAirDrop,UIActivityTypePrint];

activityVC.excludedActivityTypes = excludeActivities;

[self presentViewController:activityVC animated:YES completion:nil];

}

UIActivityViewController

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CHECK

CONNECTIVITY

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Check connectivity on Android

ConnectivityManager

<uses-permission

android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

public static boolean checkConnectivity(Context context) {

ConnectivityManager cm

=(ConnectivityManager)context.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);

NetworkInfo activeNetwork = cm.getActiveNetworkInfo();

return activeNetwork != null && activeNetwork.isConnectedOrConnecting();

}

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Check connectivity on iOS

Reachability

internetReach = [[Reachability reachabilityForInternetConnection]

retain];

[internetReach startNotifier];

if([internetReach currentReachabilityStatus] == ReachableViaWWAN) {

// Tenemos conexión a Internet

}

wifiReach = [[Reachability reachabilityForLocalWiFi] retain];

[wifiReach startNotifier];

if([wifiReach currentReachabilityStatus] == ReachableViaWiFi) {

// Estamos conectados mediante Wi-Fi

}

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APP

PUBLISHING

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Android iOS

Google requires a one time fee of

US$25

iOS Developer Program

$99 /year

Greater capacity for monetization

Google play + Publish in other

stores like Amazon,Opera

AppStore

Alpha/beta testing before put in

production

Upload to store in 30 min

Review process 5-7 days

Android Developer

Console

Beta Testing

http://ibetatest.com/

http://testflightapp.com/

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Distribution

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Developers

Library

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Async connections

iOS Thread managed by NSURLConnection

Android Services, AsyncTask

Libraries for Android Otto Event Bus,RoboSpice

http://square.github.io/otto/

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https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.desarrollodroide.repos

Android libraries with demos in GP

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https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/navigation/

iOS Developer library

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Classes comparative iOS Android

Base UIApplication Application

Controller UIViewController Activity/Fragment

Event Emitter Target Action/Responder

Chain

Event Listener i.e. onClick()

Data Saving NSUserDefaults / SQLite SharedPreferences / SQLite

Multi Thread NSThread Thread/AsyncTask/Service

Internationalization NSLocalizedString Resource files

GPS CoreLocation LocationManager

for MapView, use Google

SDK

Accelerometer UIAccelerometer SensorManager

Local Notification UILocalNotification NotificationManager

Remote Push

Notification

Apple Push Notifiation Service

C2DM (external package)

com.google.android.c2dm

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BOOKS

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References

o www.developer.android.com

o http://www.google.com/design/spec/material-design/

introduction.html

o http://tools.android.com/

o https://android-arsenal.com/

o http://android-developers.blogspot.com.es/

o www.developer.apple.com

o https://developer.apple.com/videos/wwdc/

o https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/referencelibrary/Getting

Started/RoadMapiOS/

MADRID · NOV 21-22 · 2014

Thanks

Questions?