From GSM to LTE
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Transcript of From GSM to LTE
Martin Sauter - www.wirelessmoves.com - From GSM to LTE - Medienforum NRW - June 2011 1
Medienforum NRW 2011
From GSM to LTE – An Introduction
Martin Sauter
Martin Sauter - www.wirelessmoves.com - From GSM to LTE - Medienforum NRW - June 2011 2
Who Am I• (Wireless) Network Researcher and Blogger• Book Author• Project Manager working for a Mobile Network
Operator
Martin Sauter - www.wirelessmoves.com - From GSM to LTE - Medienforum NRW - June 2011 3
Technology Overview: GSM(First Networks 1992/93)
Martin Sauter - www.wirelessmoves.com - From GSM to LTE - Medienforum NRW - June 2011 4
GSM Characteristics• Originally designed for telephony• 200 kHz (0.2 MHz) carriers (channels)• 8 timeslots per channel = 8 phone calls• 3 sectors (120°) per base station is typical• Several carriers per sector is typical• Max range: Up to ~30 km• Typical range: 500m in cities for capacity
reasons
Martin Sauter - www.wirelessmoves.com - From GSM to LTE - Medienforum NRW - June 2011 5
Typical Base Station Antennas
Picture: Martin Sauter
Martin Sauter - www.wirelessmoves.com - From GSM to LTE - Medienforum NRW - June 2011 6
Technology Overview: UMTS(First Networks 2002/2003)
Martin Sauter - www.wirelessmoves.com - From GSM to LTE - Medienforum NRW - June 2011 7
UMTS / HSPA Network Architecture
Source: Beyond 3G
, Bringing Netw
orks, Terminals and
The bread and butter service!
Martin Sauter - www.wirelessmoves.com - From GSM to LTE - Medienforum NRW - June 2011 8
GSM / UMTS / LTE BTS'es Today
Pictures: Martin Sauter
Martin Sauter - www.wirelessmoves.com - From GSM to LTE - Medienforum NRW - June 2011 9
HSPA today• Frequency Bands (→ http://tinyurl.com/4pdr3o)
• Speeds, Always-On, Keep-Alive Signaling• Activity States (DCH, Cell-FACH, Cell-PCH, URA-PCH, Idle →
http://tinyurl.com/2w5c9zj)
• Latency• Power Consumption, Fast Dormancy• → Impact on Services• → Impact on Network
(Further Reading: http://tinyurl.com/2e6dxkt)
Martin Sauter - www.wirelessmoves.com - From GSM to LTE - Medienforum NRW - June 2011 10
HSPA+: Higher Speeds And MoreService Benefits• New features beyond higher speeds and their
impact on services, e.g.:• Lower latency• Less power consumption in idle mode• Faster and fewer state switches
Further background: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hsdpa
Martin Sauter - www.wirelessmoves.com - From GSM to LTE - Medienforum NRW - June 2011 11
Higher Speeds But Not EverywhereEricsson Review article shows maximum speed depending on location.
http://tinyurl.com/dk6c2p (not included due to copyright reasons but available via this link, see Figure 2)
Martin Sauter - www.wirelessmoves.com - From GSM to LTE - Medienforum NRW - June 2011 12
The Backhaul Impact on Services• For both HSPA and LTE, the legacy backhaul
architecture based on x * 2 Mbit/s E-1 links is by far not sufficient anymore and far too expensive.
• Alternatives:• Fiber – Very fast but expensive rollout• VDSL – In combination with VDSL + fiber network
deployment for super high speeds for homes.• Microwave Ethernet
Martin Sauter - www.wirelessmoves.com - From GSM to LTE - Medienforum NRW - June 2011 13
Technology Overview: LTE(First Networks 2010/11)
Martin Sauter - www.wirelessmoves.com - From GSM to LTE - Medienforum NRW - June 2011 14
LTE Network Overview
Source: M
artin Sauter, From
GS
M to LTE
The bread and butter service is missing!
Martin Sauter - www.wirelessmoves.com - From GSM to LTE - Medienforum NRW - June 2011 15
OFDMA – What is That?
OFDMA = Orthogonal FrequencyDivision Multiple Access
Martin Sauter - www.wirelessmoves.com - From GSM to LTE - Medienforum NRW - June 2011 16
Bandwidth: How Much and Where?• 1.25 – 20 MHz: Impacts max. possible speed• 10 MHz in 800 MHz Digital Dividend per Network• 15-20 MHz Channels in 1800 and 2600 MHz• Lots of bands globally, even locally, everything
between 700 and 3600 MHz. Big issue! • → The „hedgehog phone“ - is it realistic?
LTE Bands - For further reading: http://tinyurl.com/3ywx2vs
Martin Sauter - www.wirelessmoves.com - From GSM to LTE - Medienforum NRW - June 2011 17
LTE = IP Services only• Pros:
• Simplified Network Infrastructure• Less Latency• Less Complexity
• Cons:• Complex integration of voice services with the
ability to hand-over to GSM or UMTS when leaving the coverage area.
Martin Sauter - www.wirelessmoves.com - From GSM to LTE - Medienforum NRW - June 2011 18
GSM, HSPA and LTE side by side• GSM for voice centric devices, maximum
coverage and international voice roamers.• UMTS (HSPA) for mobile devices with a strong
voice integration (smartphones) and high speed data (3G USB dongles).
• LTE to provide high speed Internet access in rural areas (800 MHz), indoor coverage (cities) and high capacity (cities, 1800 and 2600 MHz). (LTE USB sticks, pads, notebooks, etc.).
Martin Sauter - www.wirelessmoves.com - From GSM to LTE - Medienforum NRW - June 2011 19
When Will GSM be Switched Off?• NTT DoCoMo to switch-off 2G in 2011 – special
case (http://tinyurl.com/2uprcyx)
• GSM will remain strong well over this decade and beyond. Reasons: 3G still not ubiquitous, equipment refreshes, roaming, new entrants, new markets, handset prices. Thoughts from back in 2007: http://tinyurl.com/34t7pfe)
• Phaseout Architectures (http://tinyurl.com/375v5yd)
• Virtual GSM (http://tinyurl.com/2vx939b)
Martin Sauter - www.wirelessmoves.com - From GSM to LTE - Medienforum NRW - June 2011 20
Picture by Fabian Schustek
Thank You!