Frogs and Toads

By: Makayla Hunt

Our Frog Objectives

Identification

Calls

Endangered Frogs

Threatened / Candidate Frogs

Identification

Seven Frogs

One Toad

Bull Frog

8 in. 1.5 lbs

Shallow water: Freshwater ponds and lakes

Nocturnal Predators: Insects, mice , fish, birds, snakes

Camouflage

Bull Frog

•Green or Gray-

Brown

•Brown Spots

•Circular Eardrums

called Tympanum

on both sides of

their heads

Bullfrog

Eastern American Toad

Size

• 43.5 to 26.3 Grams

• 2-3.5 in.

Food

• Insects• Slugs• Worms

Poisonous

• Their warts secret bufotoxin (a poison)

Live

• Near water

• Burrow in cool loose soil

Eastern American Toad

•Shades of brown•Can vary from olive to tan to gray to red

•Rough shin

•Chest and

throats are

cream or white

with spots

•Warty

Eastern American Toad

Eastern Gray Treefrog

2 3/8 inches

Large toe pads

Wooded habitats

Insects and invertebrat

es

Eastern Gray Treefrog

•Can change

form bright

green to gray

•Pattern of their

backs bordered

by black

•White belly

•Inside of legs

are bright

orange or

yellow

Eastern Gray Treefrog

Pickerel FrogFo

od Insects

EarthwormsInvertebrates A

dapta

tion Skin

secretions are toxic to other frogs and cause skin irritation

Habit

at Mainland

(urban and rural areas)Near ponds

Siz

e 27.5 to 12.1 grams1.75 to 3.5 inches

Pickerel Frog

•Rectangular

spots

•Unbroken

dorsolateral

ridges

•Orange or

yellow flash

pattern on the

inside of their

hind legs

Pickerel Frog

Northern Green Frog

Food• Snakes• Lizards• Other frogs

Size• 2 ¼ To 4 ¼ inches

Habitat• Freshwater

marshes, shallow ponds, small streams

Adaptations• Tadpoles are

“slightly” toxic

Northern Green Frog

•Green or bronze

to olive-brown in

color

•Parallel

ridges/folds that

extend 2/3 of

the way down its

back

(dorsolateral

ridges)

•Breeding males

can have yellow

throats

Northern Green Frog

Northern Leopard Frog

Size

3 to 5 Inches

Habitat

Ponds, swamps, marshes,

slow streams

Adaptation

Powerful swimmer

s (webbed

feet)

Food

Beetles, ants, flies,

worms, small frogs

Northern Leopard Frog

•Green to brown dorsal

color

•Large dark circular spots

on their backs, sides and

legs•Spots are bordered by a lighter ring

•Parallel, pinkish,

dorsolateral folds that run

down their backs

•Pale stripe from their

nostrils to their shoulders

Northern Leopard Frog

Northern Spring Peeper

Size

0.11 to 0.18

Ounces

1 to 1.5 inches

Adaptation

Large toe pads for climbing

Food

Nocturnal Carnivores

Insects, spiders,

ants

Habitat

Marshes, ponds,

swamps

Prefer loose

debris on the forest

floor

Northern Spring Peeper

•Tan or brown•Can be olive green and gray

•An X on their

dorsum

•Females are

lighter in color

•Males have

dark throats

Northern Spring Peeper

Wood FrogSize•1 to 3 inches

Adaptation•Can sustain a body temperature

as low as -6 degrees Celsius

Habitat•Tundra, wet grasslands, moist

woodlands•Vernal pools during the breeding

season

Food•Insects•Invertebrates

Wood Frog

•Black masked

frog

•Red, yellow,

gray, and brown

in color

•Flat body,

pointed head,

webbed feet,

un-webbed

distal toe joints

•Smooth, moist

skin

Wood Frog

Frog Calls

Alarm calls

Scare away predators

Attract a mate

Advertisement calls

Challenge other frogs (territory)

Endangered Frogs and Toad

3 Frogs

1 Toad

New Jersey Chorus FrogSize

• 0.75 to 1.5 inches

Adaptation

• Camouflage

Habitat

• Shallow pools along streams, ditches, canals• Dry fields• Forest swamps• Wet meadows

Food

• Eggs and larvae of amphibians

New Jersey Chorus Frog

•Olive, pale green,

dull gray, light and

dark brown in color

•3 broad dark brown

or black dorsal

stripes•Middle stripe forks

•Underside is off-

white with

occasional spots

•Triangular mark

between eyes

Southern Leopard Frog

• Up to 5 inches

Size

• They can leap several feet to escape predators

Adaptation

• Shallow water: Lakes, marshes, streams

Habitat

• Nocturnal: Insects, earthworms, invertebrates

Food

Southern Leopard Frog

•Green and brown

on top with black

spots on their

backs and sides

•White belly

•Two light

dorsolateral ridges

down their backs

•Strips on their

hind legs

Northern Cricket Frog

Habitat

•Along sunny, muddy, marshy gently sloping edges of ponds, reservoirs, streams, pastures

Adaptation

•They jump up to 3 ft in zigzag motions

Size

•0.75 to 1.5 inches

Food

•Invertebrates, beetles, larvae, flies

Northern Cricket Frog

•Triangular mark

on head

•Dorsal is gray,

or light brown

with dark band

on legs

•White bar from

eye to base of

foreleg

•Bumpy skin

Eastern Spadefoot Toad

•1.75 to 3.25 inches

Size

•Fields, farmland, woodlands with sandy or loose soil

•Breed in vernal pools or flooded fields

Habitat

•Hard to find: Hide in burrows

Adaptation

•Flies, crickets, caterpillars, snails

Food

Eastern Spadefoot Toad

•Smooth skin with tinny

warts

•Olive to brown to black in

color

•2 irregular yellow stripes

down their backs

•Vertical pupils

•Black, sharp-edged,

spade-like projection on

the underside of their feet

Threatened / Candidate Frogs

NONE

Activity

Name three frogs

One fact about each

Name one endangered frog

Why do you think it is endangered?

Can you identify these frogs from their calls?