Friday, April 6, 2007

Volume CXLII, No. 45 Since 1866, Daily Since 1891FRIDAYFRIDAY RIL RIL 66, 20, 200707

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

Documentary captures w. rugby’s Ugandan adventure

Sounds from African drums and wild cheers fi lled Smith-Buonanno 106 Wednesday night as the wom-en’s rugby team faced off against a women’s team from Uganda in a documentary about the Brown team’s landmark trip to the country last year. The Brown women were the fi rst non-African women’s rug-by team to play in East Africa.

A few minutes further into the 45-minute documentary — which drew an audience of about 25, most-ly women’s rugby and hockey play-ers — the Ugandan and Brown women were laughing, drinking and teaching each other dance moves as they shared rugby sto-ries. The most common theme: No one takes a female rugby player se-riously.

The inspiration for last year’s spring break trip to Uganda came from co-captain Jennifer Hustwitt

’07. Hustwitt spent the summer af-ter her freshman year working in Uganda for the African Child Foun-dation, a small community organi-zation. The following summer, Hus-twitt was awarded a Royce Fellow-ship to return there and research children’s access to secondary school education.

Driving through the capital city of Kampala one day that summer, Hustwitt spotted a rugby pitch. Lat-er, she attended a match between Uganda and Rwanda. “I wanted the team from Brown to experience it,” she said.

Team members interviewed in the documentary say the trip was fi rst discussed during the fi rst week of practice last year. The rug-by team took — and paid for — all players who were interested in go-ing. The total cost for the trip was between $85,000 and $120,000, the players said.

BY ISABEL GOTTLIEBSTAFF WRITER

Pressure mounts as theses crunch time nears

With the deadline for his hon-ors thesis fast approaching, Peter James ’07 said he has often been so absorbed in his work that he sometimes forgets to eat meals.

James, who will earn honors in geology-physics/mathematics with the successful completion of his thesis on the elastic and inelas-tic behavior of the oceanic litho-sphere, said he often spends one to two days in the geology depart-ment before returning to his dorm room, usually pausing only to take brief naps on the department’s couch.

As he scrambles to wrap up over a year’s worth of research and mathematical analysis, James can take solace in the fact that he is not alone in his plight. While many of their peers enjoy the on-set of spring in their last semester on College Hill, a select group of seniors are working furiously to put the fi nishing touches on ambi-tious and demanding academic ex-ercises — writing theses.

Michael Gladstone ’07, who is working on an honors thesis in history, has taken full advantage of the Friedman Study Center’s long hours — he said he spent nearly 72 consecutive hours at the Friedman in the last few days before spring break, leaving only to eat and grab quick naps in his dorm room.

Yet even now, in the home stretch, most seniors interviewed by The Herald expressed more en-thusiasm than regret about their decision to complete a thesis.

James seemed nonplussed about his irregular eating habits. He said doing a thesis has been one of the most valuable experi-ences he has had at Brown.

“It has been really good to think through a fundamental prob-lem from start to fi nish,” he said. “It brings closure to your time at Brown and makes you feel like you have accomplished something you couldn’t have gotten anywhere else,” he said.

James, whose thesis topic came out of an Undergraduate Teaching and Research Assistantship he did during his junior summer, said he is having some diffi culty wrapping up his thesis because he often fi nds new avenues on his topic that he would like to explore. “I have notebooks and random printouts all over the place,” he said.

While, technically, he has writ-ten only fi ve pages, James said “he is not too worried” about being able to fi nish his thesis.

Rochelle Hartley ’07, a bio-chemistry and molecular biology concentrator, has 21 days until her thesis is due but said she has also

BY ZACHARY CHAPMANSENIOR STAFF WRITER

News tips: [email protected] Angell Street, Providence, Rhode Islandwww.browndailyherald.com

Candidates gear up for UCS elections, debate in the Ratty

At the fi nal information session Thursday night for prospective candidates for the Undergraduate Council of Students and Under-graduate Finance Board, members of the elections board, all UCS vet-erans, offered some seasoned ad-vice for campaigning — and went over a few rules.

Running for class representa-tive? You’ll need 100 signatures from your classmates. If you’re running for a position on UCS’s executive board or for UFB, make

that 400. Have those turned in by Wednesday (they’ll be verifi ed, so don’t bother cheating), and you’re ready to start spending your 100 allotted publicity points (an 8.5-inch by 11-inch poster costs half a point, but print in color and you’ll pay four times that).

Starting a Facebook group is a good start, but be careful of mass e-mails, which may do more harm than good.

“Don’t inundate people with stuff, or they won’t like you,” said UCS Vice President Tristan Free-man ’07.

It’s a lot to handle, but there

are plenty of opportunities. Every elected position on UCS is open for the upcoming spring elections — including president, vice presi-dent, treasurer, fi ve committee chairs and fi ve representatives from each class — as are UFB chair, vice-chair and fi ve at-large positions. Voting will take place on MyCourses between April 17 and 19.

Christina Kim ’07, chair of the elections board, said about 25 to 30 prospective candidates in to-tal had showed up to one of the fi rst four information sessions, and nearly 20 more were present

at last night’s half-hour session in the Upper Blue Room in Faunce House.

“One of the things we’re trying to do this year is just up the num-ber of people that are running,” Kim said.

Of those who came to the fi rst four sessions, Kim estimated that about two-thirds were currently on UCS. Attendance at an information session is mandatory for all candi-dates, and most who show up to an information session end up run-ning for something, Kim said.

BY MICHAEL BECHEKSENIOR STAFF WRITER

The United States “will pay a hor-rible price” if it does not recog-nize the threat posed by “Islamic fascism” and act to defeat it, for-mer U.S. Senator Rick Santorum told a near-capacity crowd in Salo-mon 101 last night.

Santorum, an outspoken con-servative brought to campus by the Brown Lecture Board, said the United States’ current strug-gles in the Middle East are the beginning of a new chapter in the historical confl ict between the Ju-deo-Christian West and the Islam-ic world. He said he believed the struggle would cause Americans to reject “multiculturalism” and return to traditional values.

After cracking jokes early on, an energetic Santorum quickly grew serious, saying that the last 40 years have seen “a cataclysmic shift in America and the Western

world” away from traditional Ju-deo-Christian values, especially in Europe. But the confl ict with radi-cal Islam “will bring this country together more than maybe any war has ever done” in opposition to that trend, he added.

“I do not believe that all cul-tures need to be or should be re-spected equally,” Santorum said, calling that premise “one of the mainstays of the secular ortho-doxy” and predicting that it will fall out of favor.

Later, in a question-and-answer session following the speech, San-torum said the Judeo-Christian tradition “is superior to all other cultures” and that Islamic culture is in need of reform.

“These folks have had plen-ty of opportunities to reform, to modernize,” Santorum said. “Christianity has become tolerant of other world views, and Islam

BY MICHAEL SKOCPOLSENIOR STAFF WRITER

Santorum: America must fi ght radical Islam

continued on page 6

Chris Bennett / HeraldFormer Republican Sen. Rick Santorum spoke to a packed Salomon 101 last night on the dangers posed to Western civilization by “Islamic fascism.”

continued on page 4

continued on page 6

continued on page 4

Ashley Hess / Herald File PhotoThe Brown women’s rugby team, which traveled to Uganda last spring break, screened a documentary of the experience in Smith-Buonanno Wednesday night.

VETERAN FRESHMANKato McNickle ’10, a student in the Resumed Undergrad-uate Education program, has brought her extensive expe-rience in theater to campus

SANTORUM’S FORUMAfter delivering his lecture to campus on Thursday night, the former U.S. senator sat down for a question and an-swer session with The Herald

POINT/COUNTERPOINTTrevor Gleason ‘07 and Don Trella ’08 debate whether the dangers of global warm-ing are exaggerated or are far greater than we realize

4CAMPUS NEWS

11OPINIONS

INSIDE: 3ARTS & CULTURE

WE’RE NO. 1!!The women’s rowing team is ranked fi rst nationally in the latest poll after defeat-ing Princeton, Radcliffe and Ohio State over break

12SPORTS

WBF | Matt Vascellaro

Hi, How Are You | Alison Naturale

Deo | Daniel Perez

Deep Fried Kittens | Cara FitzGibbon


Editorial Phone: 401.351.3372Business Phone: 401.351.3260

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Mary-Catherine Lader, Vice President

Ally Ouh, Treasurer

Mandeep Gill, Secretary

The Brown Daily Herald (USPS 067.740) is an independent newspaper serving the Brown

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Cloudy Side Up | Mike Lauritano

Chocolate Covered Cotton | Mark Brinker

ACROSS1 Break down5 Judgelike?

10 Pollutionportmanteau

14 “A Chapter onEars” essayist

15 Establish16 Twice tri-17 Date bk.

notation18 Quieted, in a way19 Hoohas20 Film about Elvis’s

relationship witha fish?

23 1951 NFLchamps

24 It requires an “it”25 Org. concerned

with 10-Across28 Leader of

Suriname?29 “The __

Baltimore”: 1973play

32 Involved yarns?34 Film about an

interspecies fishrelationship?

36 Sport with a pre-matchmat-salting ritual

39 AOL exchanges40 Stain41 Film about fish

paternity?46 One of the five

Olympic rings47 Burns rejections48 Old spy gp.51 Euler’s __

function52 CD trailers54 Juvenile raptor56 Film about a

weather-forecasting fish?

60 DeMille output62 Heartburn63 Comics pooch64 Half a Jim Carrey

title65 Thus far66 Western Belgian

city67 Silver locks68 “Oops” inducers69 They can be

beaten

DOWN1 Noted British

invader

2 Firsts3 Road safety

inventionpatented by MaryAnderson in1905

4 Simka’s TVhusband

5 Patron6 cc source7 Pampas

weapon8 Dash or vault9 Patrick Swayze

Cold War movie10 Ruler until 197911 Like knight time12 1952 tic-tac-toe

computer game13 Great time,

slangily21 “I’m just saying

...,” in a chatroom

22 Old26 Cancún coin27 Igor, to Dr.

Frankenstein30 Working stiff’s

relieved cry31 Chess analyst

Shelby __33 Short letters?34 Somewhat,

musically

35 Literaryschnauzer

36 Aerobics classaid

37 “Nope”38 Prime __42 Angola joined it in

200743 Takes down44 Brays45 Edomite ancestor48 Proverbial fogy49 Believing,

metaphorically

50 Cortisol creator53 “Taras Bulba”

author55 Travelocity

mascot57 .4 hectares,

roughly58 Done, in

Deauville59 Sporty car

roof60 North Dakota’s

state tree, e.g.61 __ mater

By Donna S. Levin(c)2007 Tribune Media Services, Inc. 4/6/07

4/6/07

ANSWER TO PREVIOUS PUZZLE:

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C R O S S W O R D

TODAYTHE BROWN DAILY HERALD FRIDAY, APRIL 6, 2007PAGE 2

M E N U

W E A T H E R

mostly sunny46 / 30

rain / snow 44 / 30

TODAY TOMORROW

Fill in the grid so that every row, every column and every 3x3 box contains the digits 1 through 9.

S U D O K U

��

SHARPE REFECTORY

LUNCH — Vegetarian Spinach and Vegetarian Spinach and VMushroom Soup, Broccoli au Gratin, Chicken Parmesan Grinder, Saturday Night Jambalaya, Butter Cookies,Cheesecake Brownies

DINNER — Spanish Rice, Fresh Vegetable Melange, Okra and Tomato, Chicken Florentine, Fried Catfi sh, Chocolate Pudding, Banana Cake

VERNEY-WOOLLEY DINING HALL

LUNCH — Vegetarian Mushroom, Vegetable Soup, Chicken Fingers, Vegan Nuggets, Vegan Brown Rice Pilaf with Mushrooms, Corn Cobbets, Cheesecake Brownies

DINNER — Breaded Pollock Filet, Grilled Chicken, Stuffed Shells with Sauce, Roasted Yukon Gold Potatoes with Shallots, Banana Cake

In following her bid for a Hungar-n following her bid for a Hungar-n followingian passport, Sandra Kogut’s docu-mentary “The Hungarian Passport” explores the difference between na-tionality and citizenship. The fi lm was presented by the Watson Insti-tute for International Studies last night in MacMillan 117.

For Brazilian citizens like Kogut, having a European passport is ad-vantageous. European or American passports, unlike Brazilian ones, al-low Brazilians to cross most borders with ease. Dual citizenships are a matter of convenience for Brazilians who travel. “Having two nationalities is like having two husbands — hav-ing two citizenships is like having two suits,” Kogut’s friend says in the documentary.

In the fi lm, Kogut searches for documents that prove her Hungar-ian ancestry. In an interesting par-allel, the documentary compares the diffi culties Kogut had acquiring her passport with the institutional obstacles experienced by her grand-parents during their immigration to Brazil. Fleeing the prospect of a Nazi invasion of Hungary, Kogut’s Jewish

grandparents immigrated to Brazil in 1937.

Unfortunately, a secret direc-tive issued by the Brazilian govern-ment at the time forbade consulates to grant visas to prospective Jewish immigrants. For a moment, it looked like they might be without citizen-ship, as their Hungarian passports forbade them to return to Hungary and the Brazilian consulate refused to give them a visa. In mentioning this anecdote, Kogut demonstrates that while it may be impossible to have no cultural background, people can still be legally stateless.

Eventually both quests seem to reach happy resolutions. Kogut at-tains her passport, and her grand-parents establish themselves in Bra-zil. But as a result, all fi nd their lives changed in very unexpected ways.

Kogut has only used her Hungari-an passport once. In fact, she said the process of attaining her Hungarian citizenship only re-emphasized her identifi cation as a Brazilian. Kogut’s grandfather never felt at home in Brazil despite the fact that he was legally no longer Hungarian. But

Kogut’s grandmother — who, unlike her husband, thinks of herself as a Brazilian — is still considered a Hun-garian. Toward the end of the fi lm, she says, “I have lived twice as long in Brazil as I did in Hungary, and that part of me which I brought from Eu-rope may no longer exist there.”

Though Kogut no longer uses her Hungarian passport, she said she values the year she spent attaining it. In a discussion after the screening, Kogut said she came to understand her Hungarian, Jewish and Brazil-ian facets in far more depth while searching for her Hungarian origins. Her experience taught her to put lit-tle faith in the “citizenship” granted by a passport because the citizen-ship attained by a passport is not an identity — a citizenship is just a legal technicality.

Like the fi lm, identity “isn’t about going back to one’s roots, it’s about taking experience and building an identity out of the synthesis of your facets,” she said after the screening. Her passport serves two functions: It is both a membership card for the European Union and a symbol of the failure of institutions and bureaucra-cies to grasp the elusive quality of identity.

ARTS & CULTURETHE BROWN DAILY HERALDFRIDAY, APRIL 6, 2007 PAGE 3

McNickle ’10: Healing the iPod nation with theater

First-years may fi nd it strange to learn that they have an award-win-ning playwright and an accom-plished female director among their ranks. But for those who know Kato McNickle ’10, it isn’t a surprise that she would choose to be the author and arbiter of her own education as a student in the Resumed Un-dergraduate Education program at Brown.

McNickle is new to Brown, but she has been actively involved in the theater community since the early 1990s. Having written over 18 plays and directed some 14 theat-rical productions, she has been an important cultural voice, someone who has sought to create theater that has a direct and lasting impact on her audience.

Though her resume refl ects

years of experience in theater — playwriting, directing and produc-ing — McNickle doesn’t dwell on her accomplishments. Seeking to create a more immediate theater experience, the fi rst-year says she is most concerned with human in-teraction and communication.

Her most recent work, “In Search of a Better Elvis,” earned her this year’s fi rst prize in the Baldwin New Play Festival Playwrit-ing Competition sponsored by the University of California, San Diego. In the play, McNickle expresses how the misunderstanding of the past threatens the experience of the present and explores misdirection and miscommunication from the perspective of a young black girl struggling to come to grips with her African heritage.

“Plays have a conversation with an audience” that no other artistic medium possesses, McNickle said. For her, good theater lies in estab-lishing the immediacy of that dia-logue with the audience.

McNickle said she wants “to infuse what she learns (at Brown) into her art,” especially cognitive science. She said she has taken to that fi eld to learn how to overcome the fi ltering mechanisms of the brain — in understanding how the brain functions, she hopes to fi nd new methods that can more direct-ly affect her audience.

Aspiring to build a new theater experience, McNickle said she wishes to bridge what she calls the “void” that separates the audience from the performance. In a contem-porary iPod-oriented culture where people alienate themselves from

each other and from life through the soundtracks of their solitary ex-istences, McNickle said she wants to create an unmediated experience that will directly connect the audi-ence to her productions through the powerful experience of theater.

Through her work with the Sec-ond Step Players, a sketch comedy group that aimed to inform audienc-es about mental disorders, McNick-le came to believe that theater has the power to both illuminate and de-light the audience. As many of her actors lived with or experienced mental illnesses themselves, Mc-Nickle said she learned that “cre-ativity heals.”

McNickle has achieved suc-cess with “The Planning Stage,” a new theater company she helped develop that stages works in non-traditional spaces. By performing in spaces “like art galleries or yoga studios,” the company creates a more “alive” experience for its au-dience where art engages life in a new and provocative manner, she new and provocative manner, she new and provocative mannersaid.

By choosing theatrical venues like these that lack a formal stage, McNickle breaks down the barriers that normally separate the audience from the action, and by eschewing the speakers and surround sound employed in cinema and Broadway productions, McNickle attempts to create an intimate theatrical en-vironment that encourages her au-diences to attentively listen to and engage with the performance. With this challenge to contemporary iPod culture, McNickle is an emerg-ing voice in the theater community at Brown.

BY LINDSEY MEYERSARTS & CULTURE EDITOR

Rahul Keerthi / HeraldKato McNickle ‘10 won this year’s Baldwin New Play Festival Playwriting Competition, awarded by UCSD, for her play “In Search of a Better Life With Elvis.”

Chris Bennett / HeraldSandra Kogut, a distinguished visiting fellow at the Cogut Center for Humanities, screened her fi lm “The Hungarian Passport” in MacMillan Hall last night.

FRIDAY, FRIDAY, FRIDAY APRIL 6

H.M.S. PINAFORE: Presented by Brown University Gilbert and Sullivan Society — Alumnae Hall, 8 p.m.

NEW DIRECTORS FESTIVAL: Production Workshop upstairs space, 8 p.m.

GABRIEL YAIVA AND “THE DREAM TEAM”: Underground, 10 p.m.

REJECTED: The other senior show — Hillel Gallery.

SATURDAY, SATURDAY, SATURDAY APRIL 7

H.M.S. PINAFORE: Presented by Brown University Gilbert and Sullivan Society — Alumnae Hall, 8 p.m.



SUNDAY, SUNDAY, SUNDAY APRIL 8



EDITORS’ PICKS

‘The Hungarian Passport’ explores identity across bordersBY DANIEL RODI PEREZCONTRIBUTING WRITER

REVIEW

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD FRIDAY, APRIL 6, 2007PAGE 4

Following his lecture Thursday night, former U.S. Senator Rick Santorum sat down with The Herald to discuss the confl ict he sees between Islam and the West, the war in Iraq and his own controversial reputation.

The Herald: Brown’s campus has a liberal reputation. What led you to agree to speak here, and how did you feel you were received by the audience?

Santorum: I jumped at the op-portunity to come here because this institution has a lot of Amer-ica’s future leaders here, and any time you have an opportunity to talk to a group of young people who are in a position to make a difference in the rest of the country, you don’t pass up that opportunity if you believe in the things that you say. As far as how as I was received here, it couldn’t have been better as far as I was concerned. The students were polite, attentive, asked, by and large, thoughtful questions ... overwhelmingly respectful and thoughtful.

You mentioned in your speech that America is at the start of a long battle. In this battle, what do you see as the next step? For example, you were very critical of the current Iranian leadership. Do you feel the United States should take military action against that regime?

Let me just say that I agree with every other politician run-ning for president: Iran can-not get a nuclear weapon. Iran is fundamentally different than any other regime out there. ... The president of that country has said he will blow Israel off the face of the Earth. You can ignore it. We’ve ignored people who have said those things in the past and we have paid a very heavy price. I don’t think we can ignore it.

He has also threatened the existence of the United States on repeated occasions. We need to use everything now, short of mil-itary action, to make sure that we change the government in Iran. I

think that is the highest priority in the region. Well, the highest priority is stabilizing Iraq, but in conjunction with that — equal-ly high priority — is to foment a change in the government of Iran.

With regards to stabilizing Iraq, what do you consider “victory” in the war in Iraq?

It’s the opportunity for a stable democracy to exist. We have a democracy (in Iraq). It is stable in the sense that it is a freely elected government — we haven’t seen a coup — but it’s also got 150,000 American troops there. ... You’re not going to have a completely peaceful country and you have to tolerate some level of anti-government activity, but what we have to do is better secure Baghdad and al-Anbar province ...

Gosh, I’ve talked to friends of mine who have been up in the Kurdish area — you think you’re in Turkey. There’s no violence. There’s cranes all over the place, there’s building, people are safe, they’re out in the streets all hours of the day and night. It’s in Iraq, but you would never know it’s Iraq.

It’s possible for people to live together and to do these things. We just need to get to the point where we’ve damaged the insur-gency, we’ve hit their infrastruc-ture hard enough, we’ve taken away their bomb-making capa-bility, we’ve sealed up the bor-ders better, we’ve got coopera-tion.

You’ve been noted for your out-spoken views on social issues and foreign policy, leading some critics to call you a “polarizing” figure. Do you agree with that assessment, and do you think that adopting more conciliatory rhetoric might make you a more effective politi-cian?

I’ve never considered myself a polarizing fi gure. I consider my-self someone who has beliefs in certain things and says them.

People say that I have polar-izing viewpoints because of a

handful of social issues thaat the media fi nds offensive. I stand up for traditional marriage, I stand up for the right to life, I stand up against embryonic stem cell re-search, I don’t believe in assisted suicide.

Most politicians don’t talk about those issues. Most poli-ticians just, they vote that way, they vote the way I vote, but they don’t say anything. So when you say something, then you’re con-sidered polarizing.

If you’re on the other side, and you stand up and you fi ght for gay marriage, and you fi ght for the right to choose, and you fi ght for all those things, you’re not polarizing. You’re only polar-izing if you stand up and fi ght on the other side. It’s a rather unfair double standard. (Calif. Demo-cratic Sen.) Dianne Feinstein gets up in these debates ... and says rhetoric twice as infl amma-tory as mine. She’s never consid-ered a polarizing fi gure because the media agrees with her.

You’re only a polarizing fi gure if the media doesn’t agree with you. ... The double standard in the media is ridiculous, but it is what it is, so you just have to deal with it.

... I went out of my way to ar-gue passionately for what I be-lieved in, making it very clear that I was not attacking any one per-son or that person’s beliefs, but attacking the ideas. That’s what discourse is supposed to be.

Back to the Middle East. Do you see the Western and Islamic worlds you talked about in your speech co-existing in the future, and if so on what terms?

I think it has to. Look, one of three things is going to happen. Either we will defeat and oppress and suppress the Islamic world — the radical Islamic world, mod-erate and reformist Islam will win out in an internal struggle within Islam and control the radical ele-ments within its faith, or the radi-cal elements within its faith will conquer the West. ... I think the best is the middle one.

Through our efforts to se-

cure our country and the world against the radical elements of Islam, we give the opportunity for reformers within that faith, and moderates within the faith, to regain control — particularly in the Arab world, which is where it’s most virulent. I think we need to try. ... I think democracy is the best opportunity for a long-term solution.

I think undemocratic gets you Egypt and other countries where it just foments underneath the surface — gets you Iran, gets you a lot of places where the radicals can appeal to populist elements in the country to eventually overthrow the dictatorship. Right now I’m not saying we should ar-gue — being in a war in Afghani-stan and Iraq and other fronts — that we should try to open another front in Egypt. (Egyp-tian president Hosni) Mubarak is not a great actor in my opinion, the house of Saud is not a great group of leaders in Saudi Arabia. They’re a huge problem on the international scene. But I’m not suggesting that we need to tack-le that right now.

In the 2008 presidential race, do you see any candidates who come close to sharing your understand-ing of the problems that America faces? If not, do you think any can-didate will step in to fill that void? Would you consider being that candidate?

The answer to that last ques-tion is no. The answer to the oth-er two is: So far there’s no one there that I’m completely com-fortable with. That’s why I haven’t endorsed anybody. There may be someone who gets in. We’ll have to see who does. At this point I’m perfectly content to be a Fox News contributor and comment on these things.

Do you see yourself running for of-fice again in the future?

I’m 48 years old. I know I look younger. But I’ve got six kids at home, I’ve got a lot of work to do, I’m happy doing what I’m doing. At some point I may run for of-fi ce again, but no current plans.

SANTORUM: ‘IT’S AMERICA’S TURN TO PRESERVE THE WORLD AS WE KNOW IT’

But a few of the students at last night’s session seemed a bit dis-couraged.

“It’s a little more intense than I expected,” said Isabella Morton ’10. “I don’t know.”

Though some current UCS members have already made known what position they will run for, the offi cial races for every po-sition won’t be known until next Wednesday, when signatures are due at the offi cial candidates’ meet-ing. Candidates will also turn in a photo and personal statement, which will go on the ballot.

The winners will be announced on the Faunce Hall steps at mid-night on the night of April 19, a few hours after voting is closed.

Candidates for the highest po-sitions — such as UCS president, vice president, UFB chair and some UCS committee chairs — also typi-cally seek the endorsements of stu-dent organizations, such as Greek Council. Each endorsement must be verifi ed by the elections board, which must be assured that the or-ganization’s decision was the result of a “fair, universal process,” Kim said. Endorsements appear on the online ballot.

The races for UCS president and UFB chair will also heat up on the virgin battleground of the Sharpe Refectory with a dinner de-bate April 13, new this year to UCS elections. Kim said the Ratty de-bate was aimed at “trying to get stu-dents involved in the debating pro-cess” and promised an ice cream sundae bar.

Last spring, the run-off candi-dates for UCS president, John Gil-lis ’07 and Zachary Townsend ’09, debated each other on the Main Green, while students lounged about on all sides. The scene fi g-ures prominently in a 50-minute documentary by Michael Morgen-stern ’08 titled “Three Weeks at Brown University: A UCS Election,” which was released last month and has been viewed more than 1,300 times on YouTube.com.

Kim said about half of all stu-dents voted in the UCS elections last year, and she said she was op-timistic about participation this spring.

As candidates test the waters, it’s still anyone’s game. Each candidate still has 100 publicity points — or a $40 limit, whichever is reached fi rst — and as elections board member Ben Creo ’07 told last night’s ses-sion, “Everyone’s allowed to have a nametag for free.”

Candidates gear up for UCS elections

continued from page 1

has not.”“The enemy are, as I have

termed them, Islamic fascists. Some would argue that all of Is-lam is corrupt. I do not. Some would argue that it’s just a very, very small, one tenth of 1 per-cent. I would argue that it’s not that small either. But it is seri-ous, it is real, it is growing,” San-torum said. “They want to con-quer the world for Islam because that’s what their book says.”

Santorum criticized President Bush for “misdefi nition of the en-emy” and poor communication for terming the struggle a “war on terror.”

“Terror is a paramilitary tac-tic,” Santorum said. “It’s like call-ing World War II a war on blitz-krieg. … Why have we not said this is a war on an ideology?”

Santorum called for political liberals to support the war on radical Islam, pointing to the vul-nerable status of women and ho-mosexuals in Islamic countries as evidence that liberal ideals of feminism and gay rights are par-ticularly threatened.

“There is a lot of common

ground here,” Santorum said. “When you look at this enemy and who they are, there is much more for liberals not to like about them than even for conservatives not to like. Liberals want a sec-ular government. Let me assure you, radical Islam is not about secular governments.”

Being called to the challenge of confronting an evil ideology “is not new for America,” Santo-rum said. Americans have also been hesitant to fi ght, he said, likening American reluctance to come to the defense of its allies in World War II to the public’s current ambivalence about the war in Iraq.

Like Britain in 1940, Amer-ica is currently standing alone against a threat — this time from the Islamic world — without the aid of its traditional allies, Santo-rum said. “Europe is hardly Eu-rope anymore,” he told the audi-ence. “Europe will not fi ght.”

“(Islamic radicals) will not leave us alone,” he said. “My plea to you is to engage that battle now.”

“When we are fully engaged in this battle,” Santorum added, “we will re-examine ourselves,

because we will be fi ghting an enemy that fundamentally… sees the world differently than we do.”

Santorum’s 45-minute speech was followed by over an hour of questions from the audience, many of whom challenged as-pects of Santorum’s reasoning, sometimes vigorously.

During the question-and-answer session, Santorum ex-plained that he believed “most of the Islamic world is not violent” and that the basis of co-existence between the West and Islam would be laid by acting forcefully against radical elements to “give space” for more moderate voices to reshape the Middle East.

But he contrasted the under-pinnings of Judeo-Christian cul-ture with those of Islam, say-ing that Islamic tradition, unlike Christianity, specifi es the nature of “the Islamic state.”

“It’s very brutal,” he said.He also stressed the danger

posed by the current Iranian government, calling its leaders “a bunch of radical mullahs” and noting the apocalyptic nature of their beliefs.

Several questioners pushed

Santorum to explain his support for the war in the Iraq, which he said stemmed from the de-stabilizing infl uence of Saddam Hussein’s regime, his support of terrorist groups like Hamas and Hezbollah and now-discredited intelligence indicating Hussein was pursuing weapons of mass destruction.

Though most questions fo-cused on foreign policy, a few au-dience members also challenged Santorum on social issues. One questioner asked him to explain his opposition to same-sex mar-riage.

Santorum noted that “there isn’t the inherent special societal benefi t” to same-sex marriage that there is to traditional mar-riage, which he said has histori-cally existed to encourage men and women to have children. He also said countries that have le-galized the practice have seen fewer marriages as a result.

Several questioners chal-lenged the premise that a confl ict between the West and the Mus-lim world is necessary, but San-torum responded skeptically.

“By our mere existence, we offend them,” he said.


Santorum likens radical Islam to Nazi Germany

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CAMPUS NEWSTHE BROWN DAILY HERALDFRIDAY, APRIL 6, 2007 PAGE 5

College Hill, a new Chinese-Ameri-can bilingual campus magazine run by the Brown China Forum, will come out with its fi rst print issue by May, said Weiye Li MA’04 GS, the magazine’s associate editor. The magazine’s online version, which will be similar but not identical to the print version, will be available next week, said Editor in Chief Na-than Mao GS.

The magazine aims to enhance communication between Chinese and American students as well as increase the diversity of voices on campus, said Mao, who is also pres-ident of BCF.

Members of BCF fi rst conceived of the magazine last fall as a way to “establish a bridge between over-seas Chinese students and domes-tic Chinese students,” Li said.

College Hill, which has both un-dergraduate and graduate students as editors and contributors, features a variety of elements, including aca-demic work, poetry, art, opinions, job information and a gourmet sec-tion, Mao said. Their fi rst issue will include a letter of endorsement from Kai-Fu Lee, the president of Google China.

A few similar student-run publi-cations currently exist at Harvard University, the Massachusetts In-stitute of Technology and the Uni-versity of California-Berkeley, Mao

said. But those publications are printed only in Chinese. The stu-dents behind College Hill wanted something different, he said — a bi-lingual magazine that would attract English-language readers as well as Chinese students.

Mao said College Hill would be “one of the fi rst bilingual (Chinese-English) magazines in the U.S.”

The editors decided not to trans-late Chinese submissions into Eng-lish or vice versa and instead print submissions in their original lan-guage. Mao said the magazine wel-comes submissions not only from Chinese students at Brown and else-where but also from American stu-dents studying Chinese and those without any knowledge of Chinese, adding that the magazine will in-clude “plenty of both (languages)” and so will be accessible to those who read only one or the other.

Mao said he hopes College Hill will expand to include other lan-guages in the future. Li echoed his sentiments. “We would like not only Chinese but also other international students to participate in the maga-zine,” she said.

Mao said College Hill’s mission is closely linked to the University’s recent internationalization efforts. He said College Hill and the BCF approve of the University’s aims to increase international diversity at Brown and to strengthen Brown’s global visibility. The University ap-pointed a committee on interna-

tionalization last November to ex-plore ways Brown can further these goals.

College Hill hopes to expand its infl uence beyond Providence to Kingston, Cambridge, Mass., and beyond, Mao said. BCF already has a close collaboration with MIT’s Economics and Talent Forum, which he said will help them distrib-ute the magazine on the campuses of both MIT and Harvard. The mag-azine will also be distributed at the University of Rhode Island in Kings-ton and — budget permitting — at universities in China, Mao said.

College Hill has received fund-ing from BCF and the University, as the University, as the Universitywell as some support from outside sources, including local organiza-tions and the Chinese consulate in New York, Mao said.

BCF plans to stage an event cel-ebrating the release of the fi rst print edition of College Hill in May, Mao said, which may include a karaoke competition and a table tennis com-petition.

BCF was founded a year and a half ago, Mao said. Its aim is “the promotion of mutual understand-ing between China and the United States as well as the enhancement of the relationship between these two major players in today’s inter-national community.” BCF is cur-rently co-organizing a pharmaceu-tical conference in Shanghai that will take place in late May and early June, Mao said.

BY CAITLIN BROWNECONTRIBUTING WRITER

New bilingual magazine seeks to build bridges

N E W S I N B R I E F

Higher Keys 2nd in regionalsA capella group the Higher Keys placed second in the regional semi-fi nals of the International Championship of Collegiate A Capella, held March 24 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Higher Keys Business Manager Emily Borromeo ’09 received the award for outstanding soloist.

The Higher Keys, which was founded in 1983 and specializes in jazz and pop musical numbers, competed in last year’s ICCA compe-tition but did not place in the semifi nals. This year, the group came in second to an all-male a capella group from Amherst College, the Zumbyes.

Higher Keys member Lorraine Fryer ’09 said she was “stunned” and “exploded with excitement” upon hearing news of the win. “Hav-ing won second place raises our level of musicianship,” Fryer said.

“The whole group is really, really excited about Emily’s win,” said Higher Keys President Carole Ann Penney ’07.

The singing groups were evaluated based on musicality and vari-ety in song choice as well as the visual components of their act, such as physical movements, appearance and posture. “Motion makes (one’s singing) better,” said Higher Keys Musical Director Drew Nobile ’07. “It’s more entertaining physically and vocally for the audience.”

Nobile said the group did well this year thanks to the experience of competing in the tournament last year. “We added choreography and tightened up our movements,” he said. “We did better because we knew what to expect.”

— Lisa Blunt

Without U. support, Erikson continues to teach course

Professor Emeritus of Medical Sciences G.E. Erikson, whose course at Brown was canceled by the dean of the College’s offi ce this winter, has continued to teach “Ventures in the History of Biol-ogy, Medicine and Public Health” — formerly UC 102 — despite its cancellation.

Erikson had been teaching a course for the University pro bono every semester since his retire-ment in 1990 and said he hopes to teach again despite the obsta-cles he encountered this year. His course was cancelled in December when Dean of the College Kather-ine Bergeron wrote him a letter about the course’s non-compliance with a rule requiring courses to be affi liated with a department.

Though Erikson occasionally had to cancel his class UC 101: “Anatomy and Art: A Study of Form in Man and Nature” last semes-ter for health reasons, Bergeron wrote in an e-mail to The Herald in January that the course was can-celed because of a lack of “proper departmental support.” Bergeron was not available for comment on the current status of Erikson’s re-lationship with the University.

Now, the not-for-credit course meets on Tuesday and Thurs-day evenings in Salomon 103 and is free and open to students and members of the Providence com-munity. Erikson said he received a letter of apology from Bergeron but that the University has not for-mally apologized to him.

“I’m completely frustrated by the way I was treated by the Uni-versity. They have this mantra that you must have a departmental af-fi liation,” Erikson said. “I insist

that I have multiple ones but not formal ones.”

Erikson is quick to point out that though he is 87 years old, he remains fi t to teach, and he denied rumors that his ill health led to the course’s cancellation. He said pneumonia and a resulting hospi-tal stay previously forced him to cancel class meetings but insisted he is “young and vigorous” and will continue to teach if able.

At Tuesday’s meeting, Erikson began his lecture with comments on the Black Plague by asking the students to “think of what it would be like if we had a plague — it’s not impossible, and it’s not too far away. Imagine how our communi-ty would be affected by that.”

Though the course has had an enrollment as high as 57 students at one point, regular attendance is usually around 20 or so people, Er-ikson said. A couple of Brown stu-dents attend the course regularly, but the low student attendance is somewhat discouraging to Erik-son. “I’ve been disappointed that there haven’t been more students — especially medical students — in the class,” he said.

The course usually opens with a general introduction followed by slides and ends with a lengthy dis-cussion. Most students stay much later after class ends to chat with Erikson.

Erikson said the course isn’t just about the history of medi-cine. “It’s not just about names of doctors or dates, but the students have also have learned how to ob-serve,” Erikson said. “This has af-fected the way they are learning in other courses.”

Erikson’s students are mostly Providence residents, and several told The Herald that Erikson’s ex-tensive knowledge and the varied

life experiences he shares during lectures are particularly engag-ing.

Alfred Tente, an electronics technician for the Department of Chemistry, is one of the students in the class. “On some nights he might bring a human skull or a cow’s heart to demonstrate some-thing related to that class,” Tente wrote in an e-mail to the Herald. “He has traveled extensively to ar-eas of the world related to the his-tory of medicine, and he brings these slides and stories to class often.”

“Students appreciate the enor-mous resources I bring to the course,” Erikson said.

Providence resident Dennis Skehan praised Erikson’s dynam-ic teaching style.

“George Erikson has the prov-en ability to think vertically and horizontally,” Skehan wrote in an e-mail to The Herald. “More than that, he inspires students to think and to learn in a way that seems to be a most natural way.”

Discussing his possible plans after teaching at Tuesday’s meet-ing, Erikson said he will eventual-ly look forward to working in the garden and doing woodwork. He told the class he would “get down on his stomach” while gardening — then turned to the class to ask, “What was wrong with that state-ment?”

One of the students immedi-ately corrected Erikson, saying the stomach is on the inside of the body, while the abdomen is the correct term for the outside.

“We’ve all enjoyed this from the beginning,” said Providence resident Norma Pezzelli, another student in the class. “His scope of knowledge is a great enlighten-ment.”

BY IRENE CHENSTAFF WRITER


not produced much written mate-rial as of yet.

Hartley, who has spent the last two years researching a spe-cifi c protein involved in liver can-cer for her thesis, said she is also unconcerned because “theses in the sciences take a much longer time to where you are at the writ-ing stage, but once you get to the writing stage, it goes faster than if you were doing a thesis in the hu-manities.”

Hartley said she decided to do a thesis because there was a research requirement for her concentration and she decided it would make sense to tailor her research for a thesis. Hartley has spent much of the past two years working in a lab at the Liver Re-search Center, part of the Alpert Medical School’s division of gas-troenterology.

“It’s a lot of work, but it’s also very rewarding when it comes out on paper, to see everything that you have been agonizing about le-gitimized,” she said.

“If you enjoy research and its challenge, it’s worth it do a thesis,”

she said. “It helps you to think in a different way and to organize your thoughts in a different way, and I think it gives you a lot of skills that you can use in the future no matter what you do.”

Gladstone said writing a thesis has been “a lot of fun” at times. He said he has enjoyed working close-ly with a professor as well as con-ducting primary research. Glad-stone spent the spring and sum-mer of his junior year abroad do-ing research for his thesis in Brus-sels and Paris.

It was particularly challenging to do research in another coun-try, he said, and he had to “jump through a lot of hoops” to get ac-cess to certain archives, but when he found a large tome in English that contained much of the infor-mation he needed for his thesis, it paid off.

“It was a great discovery that really proved essential to my the-sis,” he said.

The history department aver-ages 25 to 30 honors theses per year, wrote Professor of History Kenneth Sacks, the coordinator of the department’s honors program for the past six years, in an e-mail

to The Herald. Honors students in history are required to take a three-course sequence in order to write a thesis.

“Writing a history honors the-sis is in many ways learning to be a good detective: it can be quite challenging, but in the end most think it’s been great fun,” Sacks wrote.

The procedure to grant honors varies by department, but gener-ally each thesis is read by several faculty readers who decide wheth-er the thesis deserves honors. Some departments also require an oral presentation about the thesis.

Gladstone said obtaining hon-ors was not his primary focus in choosing to do a thesis.

“It’s more about the process and the project itself,” he said. “I don’t really think people do a thesis just because they want honors.”

Would he do it all over again?“You really have to be dedicat-

ed and self-driven, and you might need to be prepared to travel,” Gladstone said. “But for me, it’s been a substantial and worthwhile project that has helped me to fi g-ure out that I really wouldn’t mind doing this for a living.”

To make the trip a reality, the team had to get approval from Uni-versity offi cials, who were initially reluctant to grant the team permis-sion to make the trip. They also had to canvass door-to-door the weekend before the trip to meet their fi nal fundraising goal. But ul-timately, 32 players — along with fi ve alums, two coaches, a photog-rapher and a videographer — were able to make the trip to Africa.

“I realized exactly how much can be achieved when you effec-tively pull 40 people together and persevere as a group to make it happen,” Hustwitt said.

Kira Manser ’07 laughed when she remembered the obstacles the team faced last winter while fund-raising for the trip. “It was chal-lenging, it was really ... challeng-ing,” she said. “But I never gave up hope.”

“Women (in Uganda) are fi ght-ing the same battles about the right to play as they are here,” said Head Coach Kerrissa Heffernan, who is also director of the Royce

Fellowship Program, in the movie. “There is a kinship around that.”

The only rugby club in Kam-pala that would accept a women’s team is Kyadondo, a men’s club. One Ugandan woman described in the fi lm how she and her team-mates must wash cars to raise enough money for their matches.

The documentary and a dis-cussion panel that followed the screening Wednesday night ex-plored issues of women in sports, specifi cally rugby. Brown players interviewed in the documentary talked about the team being “very sexualized.”

“Women’s rugby challenges what it means to be a woman, ac-cording to standard social con-structions of gender and feminin-ity,” Hustwitt said. “In addition to the athletic challenges of the sport, there’s also a social tension auto-matically surrounding the fact that you’re a female rugby player.”

“People couldn’t believe we were female rugby players. Ei-ther we weren’t really female or not really rugby players,” Manser added.

One of the documentary’s goals is to spark discussion about these issues, Hustwitt said. In addition, several team members recently submitted a Group In-dependent Study Project propos-al for a course about women in sports.

“The academic/athletic con-nection hasn’t stopped after the trip,” said Andria Payne ’10. “When we were planning the GISP, we considered not just women’s rugby in Uganda but any developing country athletics, or even women’s sports in Amer-ica. Comparing the two is some-thing we’re interested in.”

Other follow-up initiatives in-clude speakers, mini-seminars, discussion topics and fi lms, Man-ser said. She and Huswitt “co-au-thored a paper about trying to begin thinking about gender im-plications of rugby in different contexts.”

There has been extensive me-dia coverage of the trip. The BBC covered all their games in Ugan-da, and team members had an hour-long radio interview with a station in Kampala.

The team also decided shortly before they left to document their trip on fi lm. They asked Laura Green ’06, a modern culture and media concentrator, to tag along with a camera. She and other stu-dents spent the summer editing it.

The players hope the documen-tary will reach a larger audience. “We’re beginning by focusing on the Brown community and other athletic teams at Brown,” Hust-witt said. “Then we’re bringing it to the Ivy League tournament, so it will be within the greater rugby community, then to the general public. We have plans to produceand distribute it, but we’re cur-rently working on ownership and music rights.”

They would also like to bring the Uganda team to play at Brown, but athletes from that part of the world typically have problems get-ting visas, the players said.

Even if the Ugandan team isn’t able to travel to College Hill, Brown’s visit made an impact. “We became a marker of success for them,” Heffernan said.

“We’re not happy they kicked our butts, but we are happy they were recognized,” added one of the Brown players.



Pressure mounts as theses crunch time nears W. rugby tackles issues of gender, culture in documentary

WORLDWORLDW & NATIONATIONATHE BROWN DAILY HERALDMONDAY, APRIL 2, 2007 PAGE 7

W O R L D I N B R I E F

MySpace to hold online primaryWASHINGTON (Washington Post) — The fi rst primary election will be days before the Iowa caucuses and the balloting in New Hamp-shire. The fi rst online primary, at least.

MySpace, the popular social networking site, announced that it will hold a presidential primary on Jan. 1 and Jan. 2, 2008. According to ComScore Media Metrix, MySpace has 65 million monthly users, 85 percent of whom are age 18 and over. Nielsen/NetRatings says MySpace users of voting age are three times more likely to interact online with politicians. They’re also 42 percent more likely to watch politically oriented online video, Nielsen said, and 35 percent more likely to research candidates online.

Last month, MySpace launched the Impact Channel, a central hub of MySpace profi les and offi cial videos of the candidates. In a few weeks, it will conduct regular issue-based straw polls, with specifi c topics decided by users themselves, said MySpace spokeswoman Dani Dudeck.

Tribune could buy up to 8 propertiesMELVILLE, N.Y. (Newsday) — At about the same time Tribune Co. plans to take on billions of dollars in debt to go private under a trans-action announced earlier this week, the company will have a chance to buy eight former Times Mirror Co. properties — including two Newsday buildings and the Los Angeles Times headquarters — for the below-market price of $175 million.

That price will only be available in January, a time when some an-alysts said the company’s heavy debt load from the deal with Chica-go real estate mogul Samuel Zell to go private may make it diffi cult to fi nance the purchase.

But if the borrowing required to take the company private does preclude the purchase in January, Tribune would have to pay at least $20 million more if it seeks to buy the 3 million-square-foot real es-tate portfolio at a later date.

The $175 million fi gure comes from a September 2006 deal in-tended to disentangle the company from the Chandler Trusts, its largest stakeholders, with whom it had been sparring publicly about Tribune management’s policies. Tribune paid the partnerships more than $24 million per year to lease the properties. The total portfolio has been appraised at $325 million, according to a story in the Los Angeles Times.

Near White House, Easter hunt planned for fake bombsWASHINGTON (Washington Post) — Seven-year-old Alvin Mitch-ell worked intently Thursday on what looked to be a blue balloon wrapped around a tennis ball. It was a fake version of a cluster bomb, and the real thing, he pronounced, can “blow you up and kill you.”

The fake bombs Alvin and a dozen other children were making at a peace workshop will be put to use Monday in Lafayette Square. As hundreds attend the White House Easter Egg Roll on the South Lawn, a smaller group will gather at the park on the north side for what is being billed as a “family-friendly Easter cluster-bomb hunt.”

It used to be that an Easter egg hunt was just an Easter egg hunt. It had no message beyond cute kids playing with colored eggs. Now the White House Easter Egg Roll, which dates from the 1870s, has be-come an occasion for at least two groups to make a statement that is as much about politics as it is about the spring holiday.

“Obviously, we’re trying to spoof a little bit what will be happen-ing on the South Lawn,” said Brian Hennessey of the Vineeta Foun-dation, a local human rights group founded in 1995 that is the lead sponsor of the cluster-bomb hunt. “We’re not trying to hit kids over the head with this — we want them to have fun. We also want to bring attention to the fact that our munitions cause a lot of death and destruction to civilians, especially children.”

Defense report discounts Saddam’s prewar ties to al-Qaida BY R. JEFFREY SMITHWASHINGTON POST

WASHINGTON — Captured Iraqi documents and intelligence interro-gations of Saddam Hussein and two former aides “all confi rmed” that Saddam’s regime was not directly cooperating with al-Qaida before the U.S. invasion of Iraq, according to a declassifi ed Defense Depart-ment report released Thursday.

The declassifi ed version of the report by Acting Inspector General Thomas Gimble, also contains new details about the intelligence com-munity’s prewar consensus that the Iraqi government and al-Qaida fi g-ures had only limited contacts, and its judgments that reports of deep-er links were based on dubious or unconfi rmed information. The re-port had been released in summary form in February.

The report’s release came on the same day that Vice President Dick Cheney, appearing on Rush Limbaugh’s radio program, repeat-ed his allegation that al-Qaida was operating inside Iraq “before we ever launched” the war, under the direction of Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, the terrorist killed last June.

“This is al-Qaida operating in Iraq,” Cheney told Limbaugh’s listeners about Zarqawi, who he said had “led the charge for Iraq.” Cheney cited the alleged histo-

ry to illustrate his argument that withdrawing U.S. forces from Iraq would “play right into the hands of al-Qaida.”

Senate Armed Services Commit-tee Chairman Carl Levin, D-Mich., who requested the report’s declas-sifi cation, said in a written state-ment that the complete text demon-strates more fully why the inspector general concluded that a key Penta-gon offi ce — run by former under-secretary of defense Douglas Feith — had inappropriately written in-telligence assessments before the March 2003 invasion alleging con-nections between al-Qaida and Iraq that the U.S. intelligence consensus disputed.

The report, in a passage previ-ously marked secret, said Feith’s offi ce had asserted in a briefi ng given to Cheney’s chief of staff in September 2002 that the relation-ship between Iraq and al-Qaida was “mature” and “symbiotic,” marked by shared interests and evidenced by cooperation across 10 catego-ries, including training, fi nancing and logistics.

Instead, the report said, the CIA had concluded in June 2002 that there were few substantiated con-tacts between al-Qaida operatives and Iraqi offi cials, and said that it lacked evidence of a long-term re-lationship such as those Iraq had forged with other terrorist groups.

“Overall, the reporting provides no conclusive signs of cooperation on specifi c terrorist operations,” that CIA report said, adding that discussions on the issue were “nec-essarily speculative.”

The CIA had separately conclud-ed that reports of Iraqi training on weapons of mass destruction were “episodic, sketchy, or not corrobo-rated in other channels,” the inspec-tor general’s report said. It quoted an August 2002 CIA report describ-ing the relationship as more closely resembling “two organizations try-ing to feel out or exploit each other” rather than cooperating operation-ally.

The CIA was not alone, the de-fense report emphasized. The De-fense Intelligence Agency had con-cluded that year that “available re-porting is not fi rm enough to dem-onstrate an ongoing relationship” between the Iraqi regime and al-Qa-ida, it said.

But the contrary conclusions reached by Feith’s offi ce — and leaked to the conservative Weekly Standard magazine before the war — were publicly praised by Cheney as the best source of information on the topic, a circumstance the De-fense report cites in documenting the impact of what it described as “inappropriate” work.

Internet phone upstart Vonage could lose a technology and a futureBY ALAN SIPRESSWASHINGTON POST

Verizon has thrown a lifeline to ri-val Vonage Holdings, suggesting the Internet-phone provider could continue serving its existing cus-tomers despite a judge’s ruling ordering it to stop using a crucial technology connecting its network to the public-telephone system.

That compromise proposal came this week ahead of a hearing in an Alexandria, Va., courtroom Friday that could decide the fate of the highly marketed Vonage.

U.S. District Court Judge Claude Hilton is scheduled to rule Friday morning on Vonage’s re-quest that he stay his earlier deci-sion, which barred the company from using several technologies found by a jury to be violating Ve-rizon’s patents. Vonage, which ar-gues that it did not infringe the pat-ents, has asked for a reprieve of at least 120 days while it appeals the month-old verdict.

Without a means of connect-ing its online callers to regular telephones, Vonage — which has never generated profi t — would quickly go out of business, accord-ing to industry analysts. Vonage executives have countered that predictions of their company’s de-mise are “greatly exaggerated.” They said they were developing a “work-around” technique if the company could no longer use the disputed technology.

New Jersey-based Vonage was founded in 2001 and advertised it-self as a cheaper alternative that used high-speed Internet lines and circumvented the conventional phone. The company helped make Internet telephony a mainstream product in the United States, spend-

ing millions on Internet and televi-sion ads that talked about fl at-rate long-distance service and featured its hallmark off-key jingle.

Some industry analysts said it was too early to speculate how Vonage’s patent case could affect other Internet-telephone provid-ers using similar technology. But a Bernstein Research report issued earlier this week characterized Vonage’s patent troubles as adding to the problems of smaller players in the industry — growth in Inter-net-phone service will largely be the province of large cable compa-nies like Comcast, the investment fi rm wrote. “The center of gravity has shifted away from the start-up providers, (most notably Vonage),” it said in its Tuesday report.

In its fi ling, Verizon said that there are no legal grounds for giv-ing Vonage a reprieve from the judge’s order that it be permanently prohibited from using the technol-ogies. But Verizon acknowledged that the judge may be reluctant to order a total ban if he believes this could do “irreparable injury” to Vonage. In that case, Verizon said, Vonage should be allowed to con-tinue providing existing services to its 2.2 million customers but not add new ones. If a partial stay is or-dered, Verizon asked that Vonage post a bond of at least $251 million to cover what Verizon says will be its lost revenue during the period of an appeal.

“That was a deft move by Ve-rizon,” said Rebecca Arbogast, a telecommunications analyst at Stifel Nicolaus. Vonage executives have said they would try to win a reprieve from the federal circuit court if Hilton does not give them one, but Arbogast said a partial stay could make it more diffi cult

for Vonage to win a full stay from the appeals court.

A partial stay may not be enough to save Vonage over the long run, and customers could be forced to turn elsewhere for ser-vice. It’s fallen out of favor with investors and faces stiff competi-tion against package deals offered by the phone and cable giants of-fering combinations of Internet, phone, wireless and television services. Even smaller Internet telephone providers, like Charter-Communications, are anxious to woo Vonage’s existing customers.

“Vonage is going to be in tough shape if it can’t add new customers for the next year,” Arbogast said.

The costs of Vonage’s court battle, including the $58 million in damages already awarded by the jury, the bond and interest payments demanded by Verizon as well as attorneys fees, are also taking a toll on the fi nancially trou-bled company. Vonage sold shares to the public last year at $17, but the stock price declined steadily and closed down 25 cents Thurs-day at $3.37 a share. Citigroup, which helped underwrite Vonage’s public offering, last week put out a “sell” recommendation on com-pany stock.

Last week, Vonage notifi ed the Securities and Exchange Commis-sion that it would not be able to fi le its annual earnings report on time because of the ongoing litiga-tion. Vonage said it was waiting to see whether it would be required to post bond to secure a stay and how much interest it might have to pay.

Separately, Vonage said in a reg-ulatory fi ling Thursday that one of its directors, Betsy Atkins, re-signed from the board last week.

Cable networks stop test advertising alliance with eBay(Los Angeles Times) — A group of national cable television net-works Thursday abruptly pulled out of an experimental program that sought to use eBay Inc.’s auction expertise and technology to buy and sell TV time.

Several big ad agencies and major advertisers including Home Depot Inc., Toyota Motor Corp. and Intel Corp. hired eBay last sum-mer to create an “online media marketplace” for television ads. The companies had hoped to introduce an effi cient, and perhaps less ex-pensive, tool for selling commercial time.

But the Cable Television Advertising Bureau, which represents most of the large national ad-supported cable channels, said Thurs-day that eBay’s test product wasn’t ready for prime time. The indus-try group said the proposed system failed to incorporate the nuanc-es involved in deciding which programs and networks to pair with advertisers’ products and messages.

The dispute highlights the increasing tensions between old and new media. The Internet’s appeal among advertisers threatens tra-ditional media outlets, which have struggled to capitalize on the ef-fi ciencies and automation of the Internet to bolster their existing businesses.

But the cable group said eBay was the one falling short.“We were underwhelmed by what we saw on the system and un-

derwhelmed by eBay’s knowledge of our business,” said Sean Cun-ningham, chief executive of the Cable Television Advertising Bureau. “It wasn’t very good.” continued on page 8


Feith has vigorously defended his work, accusing Gimble of “giv-ing bad advice based on incomplete fact-fi nding and poor logic” and charging that the acting inspector general has been “cheered on by the chairmen of the Senate intelli-gence and armed services commit-tees.” In January, Feith’s successor at the Pentagon, Eric S. Edelman, wrote a 52-page rebuttal to the in-spector general’s report that dis-puted its analysis and recommenda-tions for Pentagon reform.

Cheney’s public statements be-fore and after the war about the risks posed by Iraq have closely tracked the briefi ng Feith’s offi ce presented to the vice president’s then-chief of staff, I. Lewis “Scooter” Libby. That includes the briefi ng’s depiction of an alleged 2001 meeting in Prague between an Iraqi intelligence offi -cial and one of the Sept. 11, 2001, hi-jackers as one of eight “Known Iraq-Al Qaida Contacts.”

The defense report states that at the time, “the intelligence commu-nity disagreed with the briefi ng’s assessment that the alleged meet-ing constituted a ‘known contact’ “ — a circumstance the report said

was known to Feith’s offi ce. But his offi ce had bluntly concluded in a July 2002 critique of a CIA report on Iraq’s relationship with al-Qaida that “the CIA’s interpretation ought to be ignored.”

The briefi ng to Libby was also presented with slight variations to then-Defense Secretary Donald H. Rumsfeld, then-CIA Director George J. Tenet and then-deputy national security adviser Stephen Hadley. It was prepared in part by what the defense report described as a “junior Naval Reservist” intel-ligence analyst detailed to Feith’s offi ce from the DIA. The person is not named in the report, but Edel-man wrote that she was requested by Feith’s offi ce.

When a senior intelligence ana-lyst working for the government’s counterterrorism task force ob-tained an early account of the con-clusions by Feith’s offi ce — titled “Iraq and al-Qaida: Making the Case” — the analyst prepared a de-tailed rebuttal calling it of “no intel-ligence value” and taking issue with 15 of 26 key conclusions, the report states. The analyst’s rebuttal was shared with intelligence offi cers on the Joint Chiefs of Staff, but evident-ly not with others.

Edelman complained in his own account of the incident that this Joint Chiefs analyst — in respond-ing to a suggestion by the DIA ana-lyst that the “Making the Case” ac-count be widely circulated — told its author that “putting it out there would be playing into the hands of people” such as then-Deputy De-fense Secretary Paul D. Wolfowitz, and belittled the author for trying to support “some agenda of people in the building.”

But the inspector general’s re-port, in a footnote, commented that it was “noteworthy ... that post-war debriefs of Sadaam Hussein, (for-mer Iraqi foreign minister) Tariq Aziz, (former Iraqi intelligence minister Mani al-Rashid) al Tikriti, and (senior al-Qaida operative Ibn al-Shaykh) al-Libi, as well as docu-ment exploitation by DIA all con-fi rmed that the Intelligence Com-munity was correct: Iraq and al-Qa-ida did not cooperate in all catego-ries” alleged by Feith’s offi ce.

From these sources, the report added, “the terms the Intelligence Community used to describe the re-lationship between Iraq and al-Qai-da were validated, (namely) ‘no con-clusive signs,’ and ‘direct coopera-tion ... has not been established.’ “


Iraqi violence fl ares despite security crackdown in capitalBY ALEXANDRA ZAVISLOS ANGELES TIMES

BAGHDAD, Iraq — Four British soldiers and a civilian translator were killed in an ambush Thursday and the U.S. military announced the deaths of eight of its soldiers in an unusually bloody 48 hours for West-ern forces in Iraq.

At least 38 Iraqis also were found slain Thursday in bomb blasts, shell-ings, gunfi re and execution-style killings. They included two televi-sion journalists and a 3-year-old boy felled by a sniper’s bullet as he sat in his grandfather’s lap, police said.

A U.S. helicopter, meanwhile, went down south of Baghdad, in-juring four of the nine person-nel aboard, the military said. The cause of the incident and type of aircraft were not immediately an-nounced. The U.S. military said it had launched an investigation and provided no further details.

At least nine American choppers have crashed or been shot down this year, raising concerns that in-surgents may be becoming more ef-fective at targeting aircraft. The fre-quency of fl ights also could be con-tributing to the toll, as the military relies heavily on aircraft to ferry

troops and equipment to avoid the danger of roadside bombs.

The British troops were search-ing for a weapons cache in down-town Basra before dawn Thursday when they came under attack with rocket-propelled grenades and small-arms fi re, said Lt. Col. Kevin Stratford-Wright, a military spokes-man in the southern oil port city.

The troops repelled the attack and believed at least one of their as-sailants was killed, he said.

As they returned to base, the troops were hit by the blast from a roadside bomb and came un-der small-arms fi re on the western side of the city. The bomb ripped through a Warrior fi ghting vehicle, killing fi ve occupants and seriously injuring a sixth, Stratford-Wright said. Two other people sustained minor wounds.

It was the deadliest assault on British forces since Nov. 12, when four military personnel were killed on a patrol boat on the Shatt al-Arab waterway. The latest deaths raised to 140 the number of British troops killed in Iraq since the start of the war in March 2003.

Residents blamed Thursday’s bombing on members of the Mahdi army, a militia linked to radical Shi-

ite Muslim cleric Muqtada al-Sadr. But numerous armed bands operate in the city, and it was not possible to verify the reports.

British forces, whose bases are shelled nearly daily, were pressing ahead with plans to hand over secu-rity control of Basra to Iraqi forces. In March, they withdrew from one of three bases in the city center. British Prime Minister Tony Blair said in February that his military would begin withdrawing 1,600 of its 7,000 troops in Iraq in the com-ing months.

Blair, whose government only the day before had won the release of 15 sailors and marines held by Iran for 13 days, cited the attack Thursday to guardedly discuss pos-sible Iranian involvement with vio-lence in the south.

“It is far too early to say that the particular terrorist act that killed our forces was an act committed by terrorists who were backed by any elements of the Iranian regime,” he said in London. “But the general pic-ture, as I’ve said before, is that there are elements at least of the Iranian regime that are backing, fi nancing, arming, supporting terrorism in Iraq.”

Most of the U.S. casualties in

recent days occurred in Baghdad, where thousands of additional forc-es are deploying in the latest attempt to blunt sectarian violence. U.S. and Iraqi forces have stepped up patrols in the capital in a bid to be more vis-ible and to improve relations with residents, but that also leaves them more vulnerable to attack.

Four U.S. soldiers were killed and four injured in two separate bombings Wednesday in Baghdad, the military said. Another was shot and killed during a reconnaissance mission that day. And two were killed Tuesday by small-arms fi re while patrolling different parts of the city.

On Thursday, a U.S. soldier was killed when a roadside bomb hit his vehicle in Diyala province, east of Baghdad, the military said.

At least 3,265 U.S. service mem-bers have been killed in the war, according to the Web site icasual-ties.org.

In Thursday’s worst attack, gun-men overran a remote Iraqi army post near Badush prison, killing all 10 soldiers at the site near the northern city of Mosul.

U.S. offi cials have expressed con-cern about the number of car bomb-ings and suicide attacks, which have

persisted in the capital and else-where despite the new crackdown.

A suicide bomber on Thursday drove a trash truck packed with ex-plosives into a blast wall blocking the Baghdad street where a mili-tary intelligence building and a tele-vision station belonging to a major Sunni political party are located, po-lice said.

At least three people were killed and 10 injured in the Baghdad TV building, which took the brunt of the blast, police and hospital offi -cials said. The dead included the station’s assistant manager, Tahir Ahmed Jabr.

Police also found the body of Khamael Muhsin, who rose to prom-ise as an announcer on Iraqi TV un-der former President Saddam Hus-sein. Colleagues believed she was kidnapped Wednesday in a violent part of west Baghdad.

At least 76 Iraqi journalists have been killed since 2003, according to the New York-based Committee to Protect Journalists.

The 3-year-old boy who was slain, named Ali, was brought to Baghdad’s Yarmuk Hospital. He was shot in his grandfather’s lap in a car at a south Baghdad intersection, offi cials said.

Defense report discounts Saddam’s prewar ties to al-Qaida

seconds later. The second eight came in at 6:53.6, just ahead of Radcliffe’s time of 6:56.7.

The Bears’ varsity four was the only boat to fi nish out of fi rst place over spring break, coming in 10 seconds after Princeton but still 3.9 seconds before Ohio State.

The boats all fared better against Radcliffe. Both Brown “A” and “B” defeated Radcliffe “A” in the third varsity race, while Brown “C” defeated Radcliffe “B” and “C.”

The novices put up strong

showings at Princeton and against Radcliffe, an encouraging sign for the future of the program. The two Brown teams placed fi rst and second in the novice fours at Princeton, coming in at 7:35.2 and at 7:41.5, comfortably ahead of third-place fi nisher Princeton, which crossed the line in 7:56.6. The Bears torched Radcliffe in the novice eight race, fi nishing at 7:03.5, with Radcliffe 27.6 seconds behind.

Dearborn said the high-level performances across the board refl ect the team’s cohesiveness.

“I think (winning 9 out of 10

races) shows that we have a lot of unity and that we’re all working re-ally hard together,” Dearborn said. “We’re excited for the whole team competing because we have a re-ally great foundation out there.”

The Bears will look to continue their success when they face Rut-gers University Saturday in New Brunswick, N.J. Brown only has four more competitions before the conference championships take place on May 13.

“We’re racing against very competitive teams,” Dearborn said. “We have so few races that every one of them is important.”

THE BROWN DAILY HERALDFRIDAY, APRIL 6, 2007 PAGE 9

Injury risk: Angels RHP Jared Weaver pitched out of his mind in 2006 with a 2.56 ERA and a 1.03 whip, but he also missed time due to injury and has already experi-enced bicep tendonitis. Even if he stays healthy, look for Weaver’s numbers to take a hit.

Reeaalllly?: The Angels gave 1B Shea Hillenbrand and OF Gary Matthews $60 million to be fringe upgrades.

Watch out for: Angels SS Bran-don Wood and RHP Nick Aden-hart, Athletics OF Travis Buck and Mariners OF Adam Jones.

Breakout candidates: In his “disappointing” 2006 campaign, 20-year-old phenom Felix Hernan-dez struck out 176 batters in 191 innings with a 4.52 ERA. Watching Angels 2B Howie Kendrick swing the bat once will be enough to con-vince you he’s going to be a star in the not-too-distant future.

National League East How they fi nish: 1. Phillies 2.

Mets 3. Braves 4. Marlins 5. Na-tionals

Bold prediction: Phillies LHP Cole Hamels racks up 200 Ks, 18 wins and takes home the NL Cy Young Award. Ryan Howard doesn’t crack 50 HRs. Scott Olsen, not Dontrelle Willis, will lead the Fish in wins and strikeouts.

Sophomore Slump: The young Florida Marlins might seem like candidates to improve on their 2006 season, but don’t expect any of their top sophomores such as Hanley Ramirez, Dan Uggla, Josh Johnson and Anibal Sanchez to re-peat their outstanding rookie cam-paigns.

Reeaalllly?: The Nationals out-smarted themselves last year by not trading Alfonso Soriano at last year’s trading deadline and now have little talent at the Major League and upper Minor League levels.

Watch out for: Mets RHP Mike Pelfrey and Braves RHP Tim Hud-son.

Breakout candidates: Batting champ Mauer gets all the press, but this could be the season that Brian McCann (.324/.372/.630 af-ter the All-Star Break) establishes himself as the best hitting catcher in baseball. Hamels looks mentally and physically prepared to make the jump to a legitimate staff ace.

National League Central

How they fi nish: 1. Cubs 2. Car-dinals 3. Astros 4. Reds 5. Pirates 6. Brewers

Bold prediction: Cubs OF Alfon-

so Soriano becomes the fi rst player in history to go 40/40 two seasons in a row. Only one team will fi nish more than two games above .500.

Someone has to win: Despite all the money that was spent by the Cubs during the off-season, base-ball’s weakest division doesn’t fi g-ure to be much better this year.

Huh?: The Cubs foolishly gave Jason Marquis three years and $21 million. The Astros traded two pitchers (Taylor Buckholz and Ja-son Hirsch) who could each out-pitch the players they were traded for (Jason Jennings) for a fraction of the price.

Watch out for: Reds RHP Homer Bailey, Cubs LHP Rich Hill, Astros OF Hunter Pence and Cardinals catcher Yadier Molina, who was statistically the most unlucky play-er in baseball in 2006 and looked like Yadier Pujols during his fantas-tic October run. He is already the game’s top defensive catcher.

Breakout candidates: Albert Pu-jols … just kidding. Cardinals RHP Adam Wainwright has the stuff of an ace to go with excellent com-mand of his curveball.

National League West

How they fi nish: 1. Diamond-backs 2. Dodgers 3. Padres 4. Gi-ants 5. Rockies

Bold prediction: Giants OF Bar-ry Bonds hits 35 home runs and RHP Matt Cain fi nishes second in the Cy Young race. 2006 Cy Young winner Brandon Webb won’t lead the D’backs in wins.

Young Guns: The NL West fea-tures some of the best young talent in baseball, particularly position players, who will ultimately win or lose the division for their respec-tive teams.

For serious?: Brian Sabean now has the made the worst trade of the decade and also the worst signing (Barry Zito) for seven years and $126 bajillion.

Watch out for: D’backs 1B Conor Jackson, OFs Carlos Quen-tin and Chris Young and SS Stephen Drew, Dodgers 1B James Loney, RHP Chad Billingsley, 3B Andy La-Roche, OFs Matt Kemp and Andre Ethier and catcher Russell Martin, Padres 3B Kevin Kouzmanoff, Gi-ants RHP Tim Lincecum, Rockies C Chris Ianetta, SS Troy Tuwolits-ki and RHP Buckholz and Hirsch.

Breakout candidates: Giants RHP Matt Cain (3.26 ERA, 1.18 whip, .214 BAA and 99 Ks after the All-Star Break) has some of the best stuff in the game and Rockies 3B Garret Atkins (.354/.437/.625 after the All-Star Break) is ready to put his name on the list of best young third basemen.


ing lacrosse?I’ve been playing since fourth

or fi fth grade. An after-school program was organized at our middle school. A gym teacher … played in college and decided to bring lacrosse to our school, so I decided to give it a try.

Did you play other sports?I played soccer in high school,

but our lacrosse team did a lot bet-ter (than) soccer, probably due to the closeness of our lacrosse team. My best friends from high school are my teammates. Play-ing with people you get along with and have fun with makes the team play better. That’s how we won states my senior year.

Did you start out as a midfi elder?

We had to learn how to pass and catch before we could play any games. It was the fi rst time I picked up a lacrosse stick and I needed to learn the skills to be able to play. My sister, Diane, is in eighth grade now but started playing in second grade, so the lacrosse program has come a long way at Skaneateles Middle School.

Do you have any pre-game su-perstitions?

No, I don’t believe in supersti-tions. I don’t believe that doing something or not doing some-thing will change the outcome of the game. Noelle DiGioia ’09 and I have a handshake before every game. It became a habit after last year, but that’s it.

How can you improve as a team?

Since we only have three se-niors, a lot of the underclassmen have had the opportunity to gain a lot of fi eld time. For a young team, playing the top teams in the country like (No. 1 Univer-sity of North Carolina) and (No. 3 University of) Maryland helps us get better. Although we have been making some underclass-men mistakes, playing in com-petitive games helps you learn so much.

How important are these next few Ivy League games?

We have seven games left, six of which are Ivy games. The Ivy League season is basically our way of getting into the NCAA tournament. The top three teams in the Ivy League usually get in. We are just hoping to come out strong and play our game.


Tru Story: Major League Baseball Predictions

Vitkus ’09 comes through for w. lax


No. 1 w. rowing dominates Princeton, OSU and Harvard

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S T A F F E D I T O R I A L

EDITORIAL & LETTERSTHE BROWN DAILY HERALD FRIDAY, APRIL 6, 2007PAGE 10

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To the Editor:

There were a few items in the April 3 issue of The Her-ald that caught my attention.

Associate Provost Nancy Dunbar (“Approaching Banner,” April 3) urged students to delay judgment on Banner until they have become “fl uent” in it. I have spent considerable time looking at the way Banner dis-plays course information, and I pity those that will be forced to use it. Previously we had the Brown Online Course Announcement, which was capable of search-ing for specifi c courses, and the Course Announcement Bulletin, which allowed a student to browse through all of Brown’s offerings.

Banner removes the search feature without giving students a new way to browse for courses. The informa-tion for a given class is spread over four web pages, and scrolling through all 41 entries for CHEM 0330 (which take up a dozen pages) is enough to discourage anyone from using the system. From a technical standpoint,

Banner displays all the information it ought to, but the process of fi nding classes will be a miserable task, even for students fl uent in the system.

Nathanael Horton ’09.5 and Jon Lin ’08 seemed to think many people at Brown have been overreacting about Banner (“Banner catalog and schedule ill-re-cieved by students,” April 3). What struck me about their comments is that they both admitted that they hadn’t tested the system. I fi nd it hard to understand why their uninformed opinion on Banner should mat-ter to me.

Finally, if Stefan Smith ’09 thinks this is “one of the most impractical applications I’ve seen on the (Brown) Web site,” it is only because he is too new to the school to remember the old www.brown.edu page.

Daniel Leventhal ‘07April 4

Student, registrar respond to Banner coverage

A diamond to the 19,044 students who applied to Brown this year. You validate our sense of self-worth by moving the Universi-ty’s acceptance rate to an all-time low of 13.5 percent. And another diamond to the 2,577 students who were admitted. Welcome! We just hope that not too many of you are that guy in section.

Coal to the 16 security cameras at the SciLi. Thanks to CCTV, fulfi lling the Brown tradition of hooking up on the 13th fl oor is now that much harder.

A diamond to the myriad seniors fi nishing up their theses. Seventy-two consecutive hours in the Frisc? We’re pretty sure all of your shenanigans made it onto those security tapes! Shenani-gans consisting of, uh, frantic reading and writing, and you know, falling asleep at your work.

A diamond to President Ruth Simmons’ decision to step down from the Pfi zer board due to “increased duties” at the University. But if those duties last for longer than four hours and don’t look like they’re going away, she knows who’s to blame.

Coal to the recent revelation that Professor of Computer Sci-ence Andy Van Dam is not the inspiration for Andy in Disney and Pixar’s “Toy Story.” Now we have absolutely no excuse for having watched it 50 times.

A diamond to getting back out on the diamond. Opening Day should be a national holiday. Too bad New England snow in April might keep Brown’s own baseball and softball teams inside.

A shoutout diamond to former Pennsylvania Sen. Rick Santo-rum, who referenced our editorial in his speech last night. Given your feelings about media bias, we’re glad to hear your morning routine includes The Herald — not the Spectator.

A cubic zirconium to the Department of English. Getting rid of your master’s program may wisely free up funding and room for doctoral students, but we can’t believe you owned up to restruc-turing only because your Web site needed updating.

A diamond to UCS’ decision to hold the presidential debate at the Ratty. Isn’t this taking the mandate “bread and circus” a little too far, though?

Coal to ResCouncil Chair Justin Glavis-Bloom ’07 for admon-ishing students for drinking at the lottery. Anything to numb the pain of choosing a Diman one-room triple.

A diamond to Kal Penn, a.k.a. Professor Kumar. Going from horny college student to professor at Ivy League university? You should fi t right in at Penn.

Diamonds and coal

Senior Staff Writers Rachel Arndt, Michael Bechek, Oliver Bowers, Zachary Chapman, Chaz Firestone, Kristina Kelleher, Debbie Lehmann, Scott Lowenstein, James Shapiro, Michael SkocpolStaff Writers Susana Aho, Taylor Barnes, Brianna Barzola, Evan Boggs, Irene Chen, Nicole Dungca, Catherine Goldberg, Isabel Gottlieb, Thi Ho, Rebecca Jacobson, Nandini Jayakrishna, Tsvetina Kamenova, Franklin Kanin, Hannah Levintova, Abe Lubetkin, Christian Martell, Taryn Martinez, Zachary McCune, Olivia Hoffman, Nathalie Pierrepont, Alexander Roehrkasse, Jessica Rotondi, Marielle Segarra, Robin Steele, Allissa WickhamSports Staff Writers Amy Ehrhart, Kaitlyn Laabs, Eliza Lane, Kathleen Loughlin, Megan McCahill, Marco Santini, Tom Trudeau, Steele WestBusiness Staff Dana Feuchtbaum, Kent Holland, Alexander Hughes, Mariya Perelyubskaya, Viseth San, Kaustubh Shah, Jon Spector, Robert Stefani, Lily Tran, Lindsay WallsDesign Staff Brianna Barzola, Jihan Chao, Aurora Durfee, Sophie Elsner, Christian Martell, Matthew McCabe, Ezra MillerPhoto Staff Stuart Duncan-Smith, Austin Freeman, Tai Ho ShinCopy Editors Ayelet Brinn, Catherine Cullen, Erin Cummings, Karen Evans, Jacob Frank, Ted Lamm, Lauren Levitz, Cici Matheny, Alex Mazerov, Ezra Miller, Joy Neumeyer, Madeleine Rosenberg, Lucy Stark, Meha Verghese

C O R R E C T I O N SAn article in Tuesday’s Herald (“Banner Catalog and Schedule ill-received by students,” April 3) incorrectly

identifi ed Stefan Smith ’09 as a member of the class of 2010.

Due to an editing error, an article in Thursday’s Herald (“State House considers education tax credit,” April 5) misattributed a statement to Judy Knowles P’10. Josh Marland GS, not Knowles, said, “I think that there is a lot more they could do with the money on the front end. … Is it a real commitment to education or a symbolic one?”

An article in Thursday’s Herald (“Venezuelan ambassador puts Chavez presidency in context.” April 5) incor-rectly spelled the fi rst name of the Venezuelan ambassador to the United States. His correct name is Bernardo Alvarez Herrera.

I would like to respond, by way of clarifi cation, to the letter to the editor by K. Adam White ’08 regarding cross-listings (“Interdisciplinary study requires print-ed course bulletin,” April 4).

In Banner, all courses related to a subject are brought together in a single course listing called an XLIST. For example, in gender studies the course GNSS XLIST provides a complete list of courses offered in other de-partments that may be of interest to gender studies stu-dents. Soon, all departments will have a course called XLIST, and it will be the last course in the subject area within the Banner Class Schedule (not the Banner Cat-alog). These XLIST courses are being populated with their cross-listings now and will be ready for viewing in time for registration. We will e-mail students when that data entry task has been completed.

Here’s the reason for the change: In our old sys-tem, cross-listings relied on “phantom” courses, i.e.

the secondary cross-listing entries that held a num-ber in a department but were not real courses. These could then be published in the Course Announcement Bulletin with the instruction that the student should register for the primary cross-listed course. Howev-er, building such bogus courses is not a possibility in Banner, and therefore there is nothing to publish. So, the change had nothing to do with the CAB but rather with the need to organize information in a new way in Banner. This is why we created a course in every de-partment with a number of “XLIST” under which we list the courses that the department wishes to cross-list. Again, we will be in touch with students as soon as these data are complete.

Michael PestaUniversity Registrar

April 5

To the Editor:

P O I N TCOUNTERPOINT

DON TRELLA OPINIONS COLUMNIST

TREVOR GLEASON

OPINIONS COLUMNIST

I don’t think it possible to argue that man plays no role in global warming any more convincingly than one could argue that gravity doesn’t exist. That an increase in greenhouse gases in some sense is linked to an increase in global temperature is as near to a truism as anything.

However, this in and of itself hardly ne-cessitates any panic that mankind is about to wipe itself out through its own excess-es. While we are clearly having some im-pact upon global climate with our actions, the more apocalyptic scenarios that many bandy about are largely unfounded in re-ality.

It is telling of the general ignorance re-garding the speed of climate change that every heat wave is hailed in the press as a potential sign of global warming, regard-less of the fact that the actual impact of global warming has been only an increase of a degree or two in global temperature over the past century, a fi gure cited by, among others, the U.N. Intergovernmen-tal Panel on Climate Change. This bizarre belief in the immediately observable im-pacts of global warming, if anything, only ends up adding fuel to the fi re (or the SUVs) of those who continue to under-play global warming’s existence altogeth-er. If an unusually warm day in Maine can be pointed to as a sign of a larger global trend, how do we explain a rare snowy day in California?

Despite a general understanding that global warming is a reality, few individu-als seem to really have a grasp on the im-plications of this problem.

This does not mean that there is noth-ing to worry about at all. While there are dozens of projections about what the fu-ture will bring, even the most optimistic – such as those bandied about by the right-of-center Cato Institute – still suggest an increase of several degrees over the next century. Even such a seemingly small change could have potentially devastating impacts upon coastal regions, extinction rates and agricultural yields.

However, two things need to be kept at the forefront of the discussion as we ap-proach this issue. The fi rst is that these harms are not going to be immediate. While we clearly don’t want to leave the world in shambles for future generations, an understanding that there is still time to act is vital. Second, and perhaps more importantly, we cannot let ourselves be pressed into buying into any proposed “quick-fi x” solutions to our climate prob-lems without fi rst understanding the im-plications of these supposed panaceas.

A cottage industry seems to have ma-terialized around solving the issue of glob-al warming. While a general move away from fossil fuels seems to be agreed upon by many, the energy source(s) we should shift ourselves toward — and the mecha-nism through which we should accom-plish such a shift — are still hotly debated. While many proposed solutions may work on a theoretical level, their costs and like-lihood of implementation are left undis-cussed in the general stampede towards a solution.

One such example would be the Kyoto Protocol — an international amendment with the proclaimed goal of helping to re-duce the emission of various greenhouse gases. The United States has often found itself maligned for its reluctance to sign on to Kyoto. In reality, such a reluctance is hardly as unjustifi ed as many make it out to be. Since the Kyoto Protocol only imposes restrictions on a few countries, the likelihood that a full implementation would achieve all of its intended effects is

unlikely. Rather, it would just shift the con-sumption of fossil fuels to other nations, such as China and India, which — based upon the terms of Kyoto — face no limita-tions whatsoever.

In effect, although it may have been well-intentioned, Kyoto and similar agree-ments represent nothing more than lip-service. Since demand for oil is likely to rise in developing nations such as India and China and globally already exceeds supply, reducing a few developed nations’ demand is not a viable means of cutting down long-term consumption.

To make matters worse, fi nding a way to achieve even that small victory can of-ten be prohibitively costly. While estimates again vary wildly on this front, many of the defenders of Kyoto realize that fully meet-ing its requirements would cost the world hundreds of billions, if not well into the trillions of dollars, while successfully re-ducing global temperatures by less than a tenth of the degree. Proposals to launch us

boldly into a new era of renewable energy generally follow the same trend — while ideologically benevolent, they very often carry with them enormous price tags for exceedingly marginal benefi ts.

This is not to say that changes towards a more conservationist way of life and al-ternative forms of energy are unneces-sary — few would criticize either as any-thing less than noble goals.

However, in our pursuit of such goals, we cannot allow ourselves to be pressured by our fears of an impending apocalypse. To do so would be to burden not only the developed countries but indeed the entire world with colossal economic burdens.

Instead, we need to realize that change can and will be achieved in the long run, but on a more gradual basis. The question is not whether or not global warming is a problem, but whether or not it is a prob-lem that is best responded to in the short-est timespan possible. Rather than impos-ing broad policies in an effort to reduce global warming wholesale, it is far more responsible for us to allow changes to be made slowly, as they become practical.

Trevor Gleason ’07 believes that spring is the result of rapid, annual global warming.

Ever heard of the “the National Resource Stewardship Project?” The name suggests some sort of environmental action group, but in fact the NRSP’s goal is quite the op-posite — promoting inaction.

The NRSP is a coalition whose leader-ship includes about half of the last hand-ful of climate scientists of note who reject global warming as a “myth.” Ironically, they realize their position is so out of the main-stream, they have to use a name that not only belies their true purpose but in fact im-plies they are environmentalists.

Go to its Web site, and against a green background, you’ll fi nd pictures of deer, snow-capped mountains and a mother with her baby playing in a fi eld. Now ask your-self — if these people hide behind the ap-pearance of environmentalism to cloak their true position on global warming, how can we trust the arguments they are putting forth to deny its existence?

This anecdote would almost be humor-ous if the issue of global warming didn’t

pose such a grave threat to us and to our children during the coming century. We’re probably all familiar with the litany of ter-rifying consequences that are predicted: Worldwide sea levels will rise and inundate of many of the world’s most economically important cities, climate change will cause animal species to go extinct and fresh wa-ter will become even scarcer than it is today, seriously exacerbating world hunger. The Bush years will look like the halcyon days of Mother Earth by comparison.

The most persuasive evidence for the scientifi c consensus on global warming comes from the Fourth Assessment Report from the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The report says it is “near-ly impossible to say natural forces are to blame” for global climate change and explic-itly recommends nations to “take prompt ac-tion.” A statement endorsing this content of this report was unanimously signed by the national science academies of “the Big Elev-en” — the G8 nations plus Brazil, India and China — who are together the 11 largest emitters of greenhouse gases in the world.

Unless we are to believe that the leading scientists of all of these nations are fl at-out wrong, we should seriously question why there are so many articles appearing in the popular media questioning the threat posed

by global warming. In an age marked by 24-hour news coverage and a proliferation of new news sources in all varieties of media, it’s diffi cult for the media to act as one enti-ty anymore, especially given the hyper-com-petitive dynamic. However, “the media” still makes value judgments all the time about what to publish when they routinely and purposefully ignore certain extremist posi-tions and effectively exclude them from the political dialogue.

There are a few people out there who believe the Earth is fl at, a few who believe the moon landing was faked and many more who believe that the Bush administration or-chestrated the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks. These people do not get a prominent voice in the media, nor do they deserve one.

The same standard should hold true for the equally unsubstantiated claim that glob-al warming is not a serious problem or that human industry is not responsible. Within the scientifi c community, global warming skeptics are a tiny minority with a similar level of credibility as those aforementioned groups — sort of like Lyndon LaRouche supporters with Ph.D.s.

The competitive news dynamic makes journalists excessively fearful of accusa-tions of bias, so they continually present this debate as one that is far more open than it truly is. If the media continues to frame the issue in this way, people can ra-tionalize environmentally irresponsible ac-tions through the belief that global warm-ing might be false. So long as the issue itself remains in question, people will always view action on the issue as a secondary concern, and their popularly elected leaders will act accordingly — thus perpetuating an un-imaginably dangerous cycle. It’s not just the global warming skeptics’ extreme minority status that warrants their exclusion from public discussion — it’s the time-sensitive nature of global warming itself.

If 99 percent of scientists are correct, we should clearly follow their advice. On the other hand, if we craft policies based on the assumption that global warming is real and fi nd out that 99 percent of scientists turned out to be wrong, what’s the worst possible consequence? Funneling less money to na-tions that sponsor terrorism? Having less smog? Some people might say econom-ic harms would result, but even that logic breaks down. At some point in the next few decades, oil will become scarce enough that a price shock would absolutely cripple the American economy — unless we start do-ing something now to address our overcon-sumption of oil.

The best argument those who oppose the adoption of an aggressive technologi-cal investment in reducing carbon dioxide emissions can make is: “Let’s wait another 10 years.” But as my grandfather used to say, “Why put off till tomorrow what you can do today?” The positive economic ef-fects that would follow from such an in-vestment — millions of newly created jobs and the possibility of discovering auxiliary technologies (like we did when we went to the moon) certainly outweigh the negative ones.

The media is currently making it more likely that nothing at all will be done on glob-al warming. Public dialogue needs to be so-lution-focused, and the media must start to fulfi ll their obligation to the public by bring-ing forth a solution-focused dialogue. That means ignoring global warming skeptics.

Don Trella ’08 would like to thank University Security Services member Brent Barrett for the conversation that inspired him to write

this column.

OPINIONSTHE BROWN DAILY HERALDFRIDAY, APRFRIDAY, APRFRIDAY IL 6, 2007 PAGE 11

It’s time we stopped debating global warming

Global cooling activists, hold your horses

Climate change: Blown out of porportion or much scarier than we imagine?

SPORTS WEEKENDTHE BROWN DAILY HERALDFRIDAY, APRIL 6, 2007 PAGE 12

BY MARCO SANTINI

Vitkus ’09 comes through for w. lax

Lauren Vitkus ’09 led the wom-en’s lacrosse team to a 2-1 re-cord over spring break. The mid-fi elder scored seven goals in the three-game stretch, including the game winner in Brown’s 9-8 win over the College of the Holy Cross. She started all 16 games last season, recording six goals and two assists on the year. Vit-kus scored her fi rst collegiate game-winning goal against Ohio University in the 2006 season fi -nale.

Herald: How did it feel to score the game-winning goal against Holy Cross?

Vitkus: It feels good, but the score wasn’t tied when I scored. It was nice knowing I could contribute and help the team. Holy Cross was a really big vic-tory, because we were down 4-2 at halftime. We sat down on the fi eld at halftime and all of us knew we needed to turn it around. We came out strong af-ter halftime, scoring fi ve of the fi rst six goals in the second half. During the last six minutes, we were able to stall.

What did the lacrosse team do over spring break?

We were very busy. We had three games. We played St. Mary’s on Saturday. It was a huge win for our team especial-ly after a tough 9-7 loss to (the University of) New Hampshire. The win against St. Mary’s picked up our confi dence, not only because of the score (17-6) but because a lot of people con-tributed. Nine different players scored goals. We also played very consistently throughout the game. As a young team with

only three seniors, we need to consistently come out strong from the beginning and own the pace of the game.

Were there many other teams here during break?

We were one of the only teams on campus for some time. Baseball and softball were gone, the men’s lacrosse team was

also gone. It gave us a lot of time to bond as a team even though it was nine days playing six hours of lacrosse each day. We didn’t have a lot of free time, but we went out to Dave and Busters as a team, which was awesome.

How long have you been play-

SPORTS STAFF WRITER

M. and w. golf struggle in spring break tournaments

Both the men’s and women’s golf teams faced diffi cult competi-tion at tournaments over spring break.

The men’s golf team traveled to Richmond, Ky., to compete in the two-day Eastern Kentucky Invitational on March 30 and 31. The team placed 12th out of 15 teams, with two players fi nishing in the top 20.

Larry Haertel ’08 led the Bears with scores of 73-73-71 for a total of 217, good enough for 13th place. His teammate, Conor Malloy ’09, fi nished 19th with scores of 73-75-70, for a total of 218.

The women’s golf team had its fi rst tournament of the season, in Wilmington, N.C., on March 26 and 27. Brown fi nished last out of 15 in the three-day Univer-sity of North Carolina-Wilming-ton Seahawk Invitational. But at the Georgetown Invitational in Leesburg, Va, held Sunday and Monday, the Bears kicked it up a notch and placed 10th of 13, with one top-20 fi nisher.

Compared to the other teams at the UNCW Lady Seahawk In-vitational, Brown was at a disad-vantage in experience. Princeton — the champion of the George-town Invitational — was in its fi fth tournament of the season, while the UNCW tournament was Brown’s fi rst competition.

Blythe Crane ’08 led the team as the 48th overall fi nisher with scores of 77-78-83 for a total of 238. Tiffany Wade ’08 also played consistently with a score of 85-83-83, which put her in the 74th overall spot.

In the second tournament, the team improved its standing. Crane placed 17th in the two-round tournament with a score of 157. Holly Snyder ’09 and Eliz-abeth Fisher ’07 both placed 47th overall with scores of 168.

The women’s golf team will next compete in the Dartmouth/Harvard Triangular on April 14 and 15 on Cape Cod before it heads to the Ivy League Cham-pionship at the end of April. The women should see tough com-petition in Cape Cod as Harvard and Dartmouth recently played tournaments in California and Virginia, respectively.

Meanwhile, the men’s golf team is getting set for the two-day Yale Spring Opener at New Haven, Conn., this weekend.

BY HAN CUISPORTS STAFF WRITER

Tru Story: Major League Baseball predictionsAmerican League East

How they fi nish: 1. Yankees 2. Red Sox 3. Blue Jays 4. Devil Rays 5. Orioles

Sipping the Asian Kool-aid: “Dice-K” Daisuke Matsuzaka looks like he’s a top-fi ve pitcher in baseball. Mean-while, Kei Igawa has sneaky stuff

that misses bats and could reach 15 wins.

Easy there, killa’: Delmon Young will be a star sooner rath-er than later, but all the talk about

batting .300 with 25 home runs and 25 stolen bases is a little bit overblown for a rookie without any plate discipline.

Bold prediction: No member of the Yankees projected opening-day rotation (along with injured Chien-Ming Wang) will have an ERA below 4.00.

Watch out for: Toronto out-fi elder Adam Lind, Red Sox RHPs Bryce Cox and Clay Buchholz, Yankees RHP Phil Hughes, Devil Rays 3B Evan Longoria.

Huh?: The Rays still need to trade from their surplus of out-fi elders (Carl Crawford, Delm-on Young, Rocco Baldelli, Elijah Dukes, B.J. Upton and Johnny Gomes). The Sox may be over-valuing the closer role by taking Jonathan Papelbon out of the rota-tion and losing over 100 valuable innings out of him.

Breakout candidates: Orioles LHP Erik Bedard had a 3.10 ERA with close to 9 K/9 in the second half of ’06: Blue Jays OF Alex Rios was hitting .330/.383/.585 before the All-Star Break before an injury slowed him down the rest of the season.

American League Central

How they fi nish: 1. Indians 2. Tigers 3. Twins 4. White Sox 5. Royals

Lucky charms: Too much went right for the Tigers in 2006, with almost everyone playing at or above their expected level of pro-duction while remaining incred-ibly healthy. Meanwhile, the Indi-ans (78-84) were by far baseball’s unluckiest team. They outscored opponents by 88 runs.

Bold prediction: Royals 3B Alex Gordon wins the AL Rook-ie of the Year but doesn’t top the production of former Royals 3B-turned-outfi elder Mark Teahen. The White Sox fi nish under .500.

Come back to earth: Jeremy Sowers went 6-2 with a 2.72 ERA after the All-Star Break in 2006, but his alarmingly low strikeout rate (35 Ks in 88 1/3 IP) suggests he was incredibly lucky. Expect an ERA closer to 4.50. Joe Mauer and Justin Morneau are phenomenal young players, but expect both to see their batting averages decline by at least .20 points given their extremely high batting average per ball in play despite average to below average speed.

Seriously?: The Twins seem not to have learned from last

year’s mistake of wasting roster spots on washed-up veterans as made evident by their employing Ramon Ortiz and Sidney Ponson and sending stud RHP Matt Garza to AAA to start the season.

Watch out for: Indians RHP Adam Miller, Tigers LHP An-drew Miller, White Sox LHP John Danks, Garza, Royals OF/1B Billy Butler.

Breakout candidates: Assum-ing that Indians’ OF Grady Size-more (.290/.375/.533) probably already “broke out,” I’ll go with Teahen.

American League WestHow they fi nish: 1. Angels 2.

Athletics 3. Rangers 4. MarinersPhoto fi nish: The Angels are

the consensus pick to win the di-vision given their strong farm sys-tem and pitching depth in both the rotation and bullpen, but all four teams can legitimately expect to contend.

Bold prediction: Rich Hard-en makes 30 dominating starts and fi nishes second in the AL Cy Young Race to Johan Santana. An-gels 2B Howie Kendrick wins the AL batting title.

No. 1 w. crew dominates Princeton, OSU and Harvard

The women’s rowing team dis-played dominating performances in its fi rst two competitions, winning 9 of 10 races against Princeton, the Ohio State University and Harvard. The team’s outstanding perfor-mance was recognized Wednesday when the Collegiate Rowing Coach-es Association rated the Bears No. 1 in the country with 475 points, four points ahead of the No. 2 University of Southern California.

Competing at Princeton with Ohio State on March 24, the Bears lost only the varsity four race to Princeton while sweeping Ohio State. Last Saturday in Cambridge, Mass., Brown won all fi ve races against Radcliffe, as Harvard’s women’s crew is still called — the only women’s team at Harvard to retain the banner of its female school.

“It’s exciting, for sure,” said cap-tain Rachel Dearborn ’07 of the team’s early season success and lofty ranking. “But it’s always hard to tell in the beginning of the sea-son where we stand.”

The varsity eight boats led the way for the Bears in both meets. In the fi rst varsity eight race at Princ-eton, Brown’s fi rst eight fi nished in 6:52.8, followed by Ohio State at 6:57.4. The second eight placed fi rst in its race as well, with a time of 7:09.7, 2.8 seconds ahead Ohio State.

In its race against Radcliffe, both varsity eights had to rally to over-come fast starts by the Black and White. The fi rst eight won in 6:40.4 and was followed by Radcliffe 3.8

BY ANDREW BRACASPORTS STAFF WRITER

Tom TrudeauTru Story

continued on page 9

ATHLETE OF THE WEEK

Jacob Melrose / Herald File PhotoLauren Vitkus ’09 scored seven goals in three games over spring break.

FRIDAY,DAY,DAY APR. 6

M. TENNIS: vs. Princeton, Varsity Tennis Courts, 2 p.m.W. TENNIS: at Princeton

SATURDAY,ATURDAY,ATURDAY APR. 7

BASEBALL: vs. Columbia, Aldrich Dexter Field, 12 p.m. (DH)M. CREW: at Boston UniversityW. CREW: at RutgersEQUESTRIAN: at Zone 1 Championship (South Hadley, Mass.)M. GOLF: at Yale Spring OpenerM. LACROSSE: vs. Yale, Stevenson Field, 3 p.m.

W. LACROSSE: vs. Columbia, Stevenson Field, 12 p.m. SOFTBALL: at ColumbiaM. TENNIS: vs. Penn, Varsity Tennis Courts, 2 p.m.W. TENNIS: at PennM. & W. TRACK: at UConn Alumni InvitationalW. WATER POLO: at Hartwick

SUNDAY,DAY,DAY APR. 8

BASEBALL: vs. Penn, Aldrich Dexter Field, 12 p.m. (DH)M. GOLF: at Yale Spring OpenerSOFTBALL: at PennW. WATER POLO: at California Baptist

S P O R T S S C H E D U L E

continued on page 12continued on page 9

Friday, April 6, 2007

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