Frg 1 - eco 2 buildings

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FUTURE [RE]GENERATION BUILDINGS ECO 2

Transcript of Frg 1 - eco 2 buildings

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 FUTURE      [RE]GENERATION          

                                         

 BUILDINGS  

   ECO  2    

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Yes, but …

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Why not !

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Yes, but … Why not !

If you think to belong to the “Why Not” or to the “Yes, But” ?

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Open-Linear Closed-Cyclical

Sustainable Unsustainable

Whole Systems Thinking: Household scale

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Modular  Transportable  Timber-­‐Frame  Self-­‐Built  Eco-­‐2-­‐Housing    

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Not  too  thecnologic,  complex,  cool,  expensive  …  

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Not  too  natural,  alternaBve,  unreplicable    …  

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But,  something  in  the  middle,  simple,  natural,  efficient,  nice  …  

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Self-­‐Building  Factory-­‐Schools  

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Self-­‐Building  Costs    

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Fine  Design  Eco-­‐Houses  

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Fine  Design  Eco-­‐Houses  

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SensiBve  site  design  Influence of sun, wind, rain, microclimate

Site hydrology, topography, geology Site flora and fauna

Criiters

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Wood  +  Bricks  

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Hea7ng  

Hot  air  

Steam  

Hot  Water  

HeaBng  

Biomass  -­‐  Pellets  

Thermo  Solar  

ComposBng  

Passive  House  

Heat  Pump  

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Electric  Power  Wind    Mill  

Hot  air  Turbine  

Steam    Turbine  

Human    power  

Idro-­‐  electric  

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Ventilation – keeping air fresh and staying cool enough – the Passivhaus approach in Canolfan Hyddgen

WISE

St Lukes

Passivhaus buildings have very high and specific standards for airtightness and high levels of insulation. A significant amount of the heat energy needed will come from people in the building and the lights and equipment, so the architects need to know exactly how the building will be used. If the temperature changes the automatic

controls will decrease or increase heating, increase ventilation etc.

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In use – understanding and managing the buildings

The manager at Canolfan Hyddgen makes sure that users know how the system works and

how to manage it

St Lukes Display WISE – the staff at CAT are very aware of energy management issues.

St Lukes has displays in every room describing how the systems in the school work and the

pupils will be able to access real time monitoring data of energy and water use on the

School’s computers

WAG Aberystwyth

St Lukes also has a cut-away display in the

lobby showing the warmcell insulation

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Daylighting - light from the sun without glare – Y Senedd

The  lantern  allows  natural  daylight  into  the  Siambr  (Chamber  where  the  Assembly  members  sit).      A  conical  mirror  within  the  lantern  reflects  addiBonal  daylight  into  the  Siambr  and  this  can  be  

lowered  to  control  daylight  levels  

The  public  open  area  has  very  large  areas  of  window  giving  views  over  the  Bay  and  reinforcing  the  idea  of  

an  open  democracy  

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Ventilation – keeping air fresh and staying cool enough - Y Senedd

Canolfan Hyddgen Y Senedd WISE

St Lukes

. The roof cowl is designed to rotate with

changes in wind direction.  This produces a negative pressure on the leeward side of the

cowl that allows warm air to be drawn out of the

Siambr    

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South

St Lukes

WAG Aberystwyth

Section of the WISE building

bedrooms workshops courtyard foyer lecture theatre

Large solar system – heating water for

the bedrooms below

Passive solar space heating

Daylighting from rooflights

Passive solar space heating of bedrooms

WISE - Making the best use of a site

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Solar gain – Walls that stop heat from escaping and walls that store heat Canolfan Hyddgen

highly insulated external walls using Warmcel

solid internal walls and floor = thermal mass

Triple glazed

windows

Warmcel insulation - made from

recycled newspapers

Solar energy coming through the south facing

windows of Canolfan Hyddgen provides 1/3 of

the heating. The solar energy falls on the solid floor and internal walls and their thermal mass

stores the heat overnight

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Solar gain - and then storing the sun’s energy as heat - WISE

On the south side of WISE a glazed area encloses the wall of the lecture theatre.

The solar energy falls on the solid, dense earth wall

which stores the heat overnight because of its

thermal mass.

Other internal walls on the ground floor in WISE are also dense - made of

unfired earth blocks

Double glazed low E windows Rammed

earth wall

The external walls in WISE are a 50cm thick mix of hemp and lime insulation.

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Ventilation – keeping air fresh and staying cool enough

Canolfan Hyddgen Y Senedd

In St Lukes the classrooms are cross ventilated by

natural wind flow from low level windows or vents that can be opened to the high

clerestory windows that are opened automatically.

Vents

Thermal mass can take some heat out of the air but sometimes you need to do more. Many modern buildings use air conditioning

but that uses a lot of energy.

The vents are designed with wooden slats on the outside and a grill so that they can even be left open at night in

the summer to cool the building down.

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Ventilation – keeping air fresh and staying cool enough - WISE

St Lukes

Thermal mass can take some heat out of the air but frequently you need to do more. Many modern

buildings use air conditioning but that uses a lot of energy.

In the lecture theatre there is a heirarchy of cooling/ventilation systems.

First a thermostat turns the underfloor heating off.

Fresh air can flow from the lobby and up out

through vents in the lantern (stack ventilation).

Then a CO2 sensor can trigger air to be drawn with a fan out through vents half way up the wall and through a system that either recovers heat or

draws in cool air, depending on the weather.

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Renewable technologies – generating electricity

Canolfan Hyddgen has 7kW  

of  PV  cells.  These  will  generate  about  ¼  of  

the  building’s  electricity  use      

CAT put in an extra 7kW of Photovoltaic cells attached to

WISE (added to an existing set of 13kW). The 7kW should produce 5300kWh a year.    

PV cells are a very expensive way to generate electricity in the British

climate. The efficiency of the building itself is much more important.  

The WAG building in Aberystwyth has a small wind turbine but WAG

policy is also to buy green electricity which will come from much more efficient

large scale windfarms  

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Renewable technologies – producing heat

Canolfan Hyddgen    Y Senedd    

As WISE has ensuite study bedrooms for people on

courses, it uses far more hot water than the other

buildings so it has a 70m2 solar water heating system.  

St Lukes, WISE and the Senedd

have boilers that burn wood chip or

wood pellets.    

WAG Aberystwyth    

CAT is experimenting with a large wood chip combined-heat-and-

power plant to provide heat and electricity

for WISE

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Low energy computers were specified in Canolfan Hyddgen because such a precise system

could overheat but it’s difficult to make sure that users continue to use low

energy appliances.

All these buildings use low energy lighting – LEDs and efficient

fluorescent tubes. They also use sensors to turn them

off when they are not needed

LED lighting in WISE

St Lukes WAG Aberystwyth

Managing energy – electricity use

Electrical devices use energy but they also give off heat which can make a big difference in a

very well insulated building

Low energy fridge in staff room at St Lukes

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For  more  informaBon  and  the  next  steps,  write  to:  [email protected]  

 

 

Thank  You!