Frequency Spectrum Regulatory Aspects · 2012. 11. 30. · RSAS Rotor Strike Alerting System Sensor...
Transcript of Frequency Spectrum Regulatory Aspects · 2012. 11. 30. · RSAS Rotor Strike Alerting System Sensor...
Heliborne Obstacle Warning Systems
Frequency Spectrum Regulatory Aspects
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The Operational Need
EASA statistic on accidents in commercial air transport (2001-2010)
CTOL – Conventional Take Off and Landing
• IHST goal: reduction of helicopter accident rate in 10 years by 80%
• 2007: 8,7 per 100 000 flight hours
• 2016: < 1,7 per 100 000 flight hours
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The Operational Need
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Take Off of Emergency Medical Service Helicopter in confined area
Helicopter Missions: Emergency Medical Service
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Helicopter Crews risk their life every day to safe the life of others
Landing in unprepared / unknown areas
Landing/takeoff in confined areas
Hoisting operations near rock face / obstacles
For all these missions obstacles and terrain are a
permanent threat to the helicopter crew
Flight in Degraded Visual Environment
The Operational Need
Obstacle collision during landing/take-off is the Nr.1 cause for
commercial air transport accidents *
Operational need for an obstacle warning system to support our civil
customers in:
► Increasing Situational Awareness
► Reducing Pilot Workload
► Increasing Flight Safety
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* EASA Annual Safety Review 2010
The Challenge
Modern day Obstacle Warning Systems (OWS)
• Complex (~expensive) solutions
• Mainly military applications
• Not affordable for civil operators (limited budget,
different platforms)
Challenge is to develop an OWS system affordable for civil customers.
Affordable in terms of:
• Price
• Size, Weight and Power (SWaP)
Proposal
To apply COTS radar technology being developed in automotive industry
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Laser
OWS on
NH90
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Targeted Civil Use Cases
HEMS – Helicopter Emergency Medical Services
• Outdoor landings
• Hoisting operations
• Landing at sloped terrain
Offshore Operations
• Landing at shipdeck or oil rig
• Windpark maintenance
Utility & Transport
• Forestry
• Firefighting (sling load operations)
• Powerline inspection
Market volume
• Global Eurocopter Fleet: 11 500 Helicopters
with 3,2 Million Flight Hours/Year
• Civil Helicopter Fleet in Germany: 800 Helicopters
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Heliborne Obstacle Detection
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Function Requirements dependent on Flight Phase (Use Case)
Approach/landing/takeoff • Low airspeed operations → limited detection range
• Operations at low altitude
• Surround view, hemispherical coverage
• Obstacles: all obstacles e.g. trees, bushes, fence, poles,
buildings
Hover • Hover operations → limited detection range
• Operations in ground vicinity
• Covering rotor disc & tail rotor area only
• Obstacles: all obstacles eg. trees, bushes, fence, poles,
buildings etc.
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Patent Pending
SITA Near Field OWS System Description
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Intended Function
• Increase flight safety in most critical phases of flight i.e. during
approach, landing and take-off phases of flight
Key Requirements
• Hemispherical coverage
• All weather obstacle detection
• Low SWaP
• Affordable for civil operators
• Modular and scaleable system design
Use Cases
• Landing in unprepared / unknown areas
• Landing/takeoff in confined areas
• Landing/takeoff in degraded visual conditions
Patent Applied
SITA Near Field OWS System Design
System Design
• Distributed sensor system for hemispherical coverage
• Use of automotive radar technology (FMCW)
• Advanced filtering and processing algorithms
• Intuitive HMI concept
• Max detection range ~250m (10s warning time at 45kts)
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Sensor prototype on EC145 test bed
Patent Applied
SITA Near Field OWS Sensor Description
SITA Sensor
• FMCW-Radar with digital beamforming on receive
• Frequency Range 76.0-76.1 / 78.9-79 GHz
(dual band operation for vertical beamsteering)
• Modulation: interrupted fast ramp FMCW
(modulation period typ. 20 µs, Bandwidth typ. 100 MHz)
• Transmit-Power: 35 dBm EIRP
• FoV: 75° horizontal, 5°- vertical (electronic steerable)
• Broad Transmit-Beam, narrow digitally formed receive beam
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RF Frontend 16 Rx, 2Tx
Tx-Antenna pattern vertical (steerable) Tx-Antenna pattern horizontal
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Patent Applied
RSAS Rotor Strike Alerting System System Description
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Intended Function
• To prevent main and tail rotorstrike by informing the pilot of
obstacles in the main and tail rotor area of the helicopter.
Key Requirements
• Coverage of main rotordisc and tail rotor area
• All weather obstacle detection
• Low SWaP
• Affordable for civil operators
Use Cases
• Landing and Takeoff phase
• Hover in confined areas (e.g. hoisting operations)
• Slope landings
Patent Applied
RSAS Rotor Strike Alerting System System Design
System Design
• Distributed sensor system (4 sensors)
• Use of automotive radar sensor (77GHz SRR)
• Limited detection range
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Patent Applied
RSAS Rotor Strike Alerting System Sensor Description
Radar Sensor
• Radar based on automotive short range obstacle detection system
• FMCW-Radar with digital beamforming on receive
• Frequency Range 76.0 – 77 GHz
• Modulation: interrupted fast ramp FMCW
(modulation period typ. 40 µs, bandwidth up to 800 MHz)
• Transmit-Power: 21 dBm EIRP
• FoV: +/- 50° horizontal, 10° vertical
• Broad Transmit-Beam, narrow digitally formed receive beam
• Detection Range: up to 40 m, up to 100 m (Dual Mode Operation)
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Patent Applied
Summary
There is a need for an affordable obstacle warning function to increase flight
safety for civil operators
Commercial Off-The-Shelf radar technology is proven to be the key to:
• Improve safety of the helicopter aircrews, passengers and people on the
ground
• In a wide range of missions supporting public safety (EMS, Police etc.)
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W-Band technology to save lives
in airborne applications