Free softwares in Vietnam2009.rmll.info/IMG/pdf/Vietnam_rmll2009_EN-2.pdf · Free softwares for...
Transcript of Free softwares in Vietnam2009.rmll.info/IMG/pdf/Vietnam_rmll2009_EN-2.pdf · Free softwares for...
8 juillet 2009 RMLL 2009 : Free softwares in Vietnam 1
Free softwares in Vietnam
Present status and
perspectives
Vu Do Quynh([email protected])
8 juillet 2009 RMLL 2009 : Free softwares in Vietnam 2
Aimof this presentation
Mainly to introduce
The status of Free softwares in Vietnamfrom the end-user
viewpoint
Without emphasizing the technical aspects !
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Outlineof the presentation
Some historical background about Vietnam
Legal framework for Free softwares
Present status of Free software's use
GNU/Linux
OpenOffice.org
Mozilla Firefox
Community of Free software users in VN
Perspectives
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Historicalbackground (1)
30th April 1975 : End of the Vietnam War
December 1986 : The VIth Communist Party of Vietnam decides to undertake profound reforms of the national economy
February 1994 : End of the US embargo against Vietnam
November 1997 : Opening of the internet in Vietnam
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Historicalbackground (2)
December 2001 : US-Vietnam Bilateral Trade Agreement
July 2001 : National Program 112 for the use of information technology in the Vietnamese administration
October 2004 : Vietnam signs the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works
November 2006 : Vietnam becomes memberof the World Trade Organization (WTO)
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Keygovernment bodies
Ministry of Information and Communications (in charge of softwares management)
Ministry of Science and Technologies (policy for the deployment of Open Source softwares)
Ministry of Planning and Investment (planification)
Ministry of Finances (budget)
Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism (intellectual property rights)
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Legal Frameworkfor Open Source softwares
●Decision 235/QD-TTg (2 March 2004) of the Prime Minister on the use and the development of OSS in Vietnam●Decision 169/2006/QD-TTg of the Prime Minister on the purchase of softwares from state budget, with a priority to use Open Source softwares●Decision 08/2007/QD-BTTTT (24/12/2007) of MIC on the Free and Open Source softwares that can be used in government offices.
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Legal Frameworkfor Open Source softwares (2)
●The Order 07/2008/CT-BTTTT (30/12/2008)● Mid-2009 : 100% PCs of IT departments installed with
FOSS, 100% IT staff trained with 50% with training potential
● End 2009 : 70% PCs of government offices installed with FOSS and 40% of office workers able to use FOSS
● End 2010 : 100% of PCs and 100% of government office workers are using FOSS
● PC stores should sell computers installed with softwares under legal licenses.
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Some deploymentof Free softwares (FOSS)
●1/3rd of the 3000 servers of the Communist Party of Vietnam (PCV) are using FOSS●14 000 computers of PCV, still running Windows, have migrated towards OpenOffice.org●50% of PCV's computers in Khanh Hoa province are running Ubuntu●Moodle is widely used in some 70 Vietnamese universities●Sacombank has deployed OpenOffice.org
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Some statisticsgathered in April 2008
%15 88,2%
Apache 1 5,9%1 5,9%
17
Web server used on governmental web sitesWeb server Number
Microsoft IIS
OthersNumber of visited web sites
%62 59,0%
Apache 39 37,1%4 3,8%
105
Web server used on companies's web sitesWeb server NumberMicrosoft IIS
OthersNumber of visited sites
The visited web siteshave been picked out
from the VDC and FPT portals:http://home.vnn.vnhttp://www.fpt.vn
The Firefox extensionDND
(Domain Details)has been used
to gather those statistics
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Statistics (2008)on universities's web sites
%66 64,1%
Apache/Linux 29 28,2%6 5,8%2 1,9%26129
Web server NumberMicrosoft IIS
Apache/WindowsOthersNot respondingNumber of sites
IIS Apache76,8% 19,6% 3,6%
VN-Centre 73,3% 26,7% 0,0%37,5% 62,5% 0,0%
Web server used in Vietnamese universitiesOthers
VN-North
VN-South
The visited web siteshave been picked out
from the VDC and FPT portals:http://home.vnn.vnhttp://www.fpt.vn
The visited web siteshave been picked out
from the VDC and FPT portals:http://home.vnn.vnhttp://www.fpt.vn
The Firefox extensionDND
(Domain Details)has been used
to gather those statistics
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Poll made bythe National program 235
The web site of the National Program 235http://www.oss.gov.vn
polled its visitors from March 2005 til April 2008.
80,1% of answers indicatedNo use of GNU/Linux
neither on servers nor on working stations.
9,5% were using GNU/Linux on the servers and the PCs 6,5% were using GNU/Linux only on servers 3,9% were using GNU/Linux on some PCs
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A favorablelegal framework !
●Open support of the Vietnamese government for Free softwares for more than a decade:
● National conferences on Open Source Softwares every two years since 2000
● Programme national pour le déploiement des logiciels « open-source » sur la période 2004-2008
●Legal framework encouraging the use of Free softwares●Links established between the government and the community of users.
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However, a difficultdeployment of FOSS
●Strong habit of users and IT technicians with Microsoft Windows●Weak or no material incentives to use FOSS (high level of software piracy)●Missing of concrete and adapted procedures for migration from proprietary to free and open-source softwares.
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Although computersare often sold with GNU/Linux
Almost all computers on the market are PCs
PCs are usually delivered with free OS like FreeDOS, GNU/Linux
A complete desktop computer costs can start at around 220 $US (June 2009)
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But, for a few dollars more...
CDs full of varied proprietary softwares, like Photoshop etc.,cost less than one US dollar (0,40 euro)
Common practice:
cloning a full hard diskinstalled with
Microsoft Windowsand a bunch of
other proprietarysoftwares
to any buyer of a newPC with
FreeDOS orGNU/Linux
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So, a very weak penetrationrate of Free softwares
Technical support for FOSS practically non existing:
● GNU/Linux not supported by PC vendors● Training manuals, training centers are centered on the
use of Microsoft Windows and related proprietary softwares
● Support from the FOSS user's community still weak
A large gap between governmental decisions and their local implementation can exist.
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A situationbound to evolve ...
Starting 2004, linked to the membership request to the WTO,the Vietnamese government
start to strengthen the pressure on the respect of intellectual property rights
by raiding eminent PC vendorsto check for illegal softwares
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Pressurefor the respect of licenses
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
78% 80% 82% 84% 86% 88% 90% 92% 94% 96% 98%
Taux de piratage logiciel au Vietnamselon BSA (source : vnexpress.net)
Taux de piratage
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
0 50 100 150 200 250
Nombre de PC confisquésaprès contrôle des licences
PC confisqués
Vietnam'sOMC
membership
Number of confiscated PCsduring controls made
from 2004-2008
Software piracy ratein Vietnam
from 2001-2008according to BSA
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Pressures... pushing for an evolution...
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
78% 80% 82% 84% 86% 88% 90% 92% 94% 96% 98%
Taux de piratage logiciel au Vietnamselon BSA (source : vnexpress.net)
Taux de piratage
- 12 %
Results of an online Poll on vnexpress.net (August 2004)
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towards GNU/Linuxin Vietnam...
Several localized distributions based on Redhat appear in the early 2000's :
LinuxVN (2001)
CMC Linux (2001-2002)
Vietkey Linux (2002-2004)
The Free bureautic suite OpenOffice.org 1.x is also localized in Vietnamese
However : these early companies will abandon soon after 2004
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GNU/Linuxin Vietnam (1)
Vietkey Linux(2002-2004)
(2001-2002)
The first Vietnamese distributions were based on Redhat 6.2, 7.0, etc.
One of the key applications was OpenOffice.org in Vietnamese
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A renewed interestwith newer distributions
GNU/Linux distributionbased on a localization
of Puppy LinuxStrong popularityamong end-users
of theGNU/Linux distribution
UBUNTU
AsianuxChine, Corée, Japon,Vietnam, Thaïlandewith local support
in Vietnam
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Survey on thepopularity of Free softwares
1613043751952167
Catégory surveyed Forms returned ClassificationMedecine students Hai Phong (North)
Province (146)Students University of Dalat (Centre-South)Students University of Pedagogy – FOSS Hanoi
Hanoi (189)Students/Users of CNF at Hanoi (AUF)French teachers, several universities from HanoiStudents University of Hanoi (Foreign languages)IT students, University of Dalat Dalat-TIC
451523476427467405
Questions asked Answers1. Which is your main operating system ?2. Which is your main web browser ?3. Did you ever heard about GNU/Linux ?4. Have you tried or use GNU/Linux ?5. Did you ever heard about OpenOffice.org (OOo) ?6. Have you already used Ooo ?
Period :
October2008
toMay 2009
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The mainoperating system...
SE
0,0%
10,0%
20,0%
30,0%
40,0%
50,0%
60,0%
70,0%
80,0%
90,0%
100,0%
Principaux systèmes d'exploitation (SE)(451 réponses)
WindowsMAC OSGNU/LinuxDual Boot
Without surprise,Microsoft Windows
is the largely dominantoperating system
Among GNU/Linux usersmany are using dual-boot
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The web browser...
Province Hanoi Dalat-TIC
0,0%
10,0%
20,0%
30,0%
40,0%
50,0%
60,0%
70,0%
Main web browsers used
MS IEFirefoxAutres
Navigateur w eb
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Main web browsers used(523 answers)
MS IEM FirefoxAutre
The web browserMozilla Firefox
is ahead ofMicrosoft Internet Explorer (MSIE)
especially in large cities
However,in provinces MSIE
looks dominantas it comes along withthe operating system
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Awareness aboutGNU/Linux?
Linux? Linux use OOo? OOo use
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Awareness of Free softwaresGNU/Linux and OpenOffice.org
( > 400 answers)
OuiNon
Province Hanoi Dalat-TIC
0,0%
20,0%
40,0%
60,0%
80,0%
100,0%
120,0%
Surveyed persons having heard about GNU/Linux
NonOui
Province = Dalat et Haiphong
The surveyed persons have more heardabout GNU/Linux
than about OpenOffice.org
It is less likely to have heard
about GNU/Linuxin provinces than
in large citieslike Hanoi (and HCMC)
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and OpenOffice.org ?
Province Hanoi Dalat-TIC
0,0%
10,0%
20,0%
30,0%
40,0%
50,0%
60,0%
70,0%
80,0%
90,0%
Surveyed persons having heard of OOo
OuiNon
Province Hanoi Dalat-TIC
0,0%
10,0%
20,0%
30,0%
40,0%
50,0%
60,0%
70,0%
80,0%
90,0%
Surveyed persons having tried OOo
OuiNon
As it has been found for GNU/Linux,you are less likely to have heard about OOo
when you live in smaller citiesor when you are not in the IT field
It seems more easyto find OpenOffice.org
in Hanoi than in provinces
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Communities of Free software users
Usually initiated/registered by :● Vietnamese persons living abroad (Viêt Kiêu)● Vietnamese persons going abroad for study or for the
work● Expatriates living/working in Vietnam
Only recently have Vietnamese users from Vietnam joined or created communities/projects
Especially since the generalized public access to the internet and ADSL use, around 2004-2005.
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Community'sactivities
Online forums and discussion lists● Often created at the initiative of Vietnamese abroad
Participation to Free software projects● Translation and localization of softwares like :
– GNOME, KDE ...– OpenOffice.org– Mozilla Firefox– Ubuntu, Fedora, ...
User's groups (Lugs)
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The main forumsand discussion lists
7476 members37932 posts 6176 members
51123 posts
4115 members8712 posts
Many forums existwithin universities's web sites
example : Can Tho
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Increasingthe public's awareness...
Software Freedom Days, Distribution of CDs,Install-Parties, Stands, TV documentaries, etc.
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HanoiLUG2004 - ...
Mailing list with 248 email addresses
Managing one FOSS repository: Virror
Increasing the public awareness: workshop, training, LIP,...
Localization projectsOpenOffice.org, Ubuntu (MOST),...
Ceremony (Christmas2007)of the donation of Intel's server
for establishing theVIRROR
FOSS repository at Netnam
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Problemsto be solved
Improving the translation quality of localized free softwares: OOo, Firefox, Thunderbird and Ubuntu in Vietnamese, for a larger public adoption.
Write or translate user's manuals for FOSS in Vietnamese.
Increase more the awareness of the public towards open formats and free softwares.
Important role played by the educational sector and the entrepreneurs in training and offering support and services, to be emphasized.
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The future(as a matter of conclusion)
The existing legal framework is favorable for a large adoption of free softwares
Economic pressures can only push for a larger use of Free softwares, especially those running under the Windows operating system
The user's community base in Vietnam is still young but it is organizing itself and will receive a stronger support from the government
Ongoing localization projects will help in a wider acceptance and use of GNU/Linux
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Acknowledgements
For facilitating the IT survey within their university:● M. PHAN Gia Anh Vũ (Université de Dalat), M. TĂNG Bá
Hoàng (Université de Hanoi)
For reading and providing suggestions:M. NGUY N Chí Công (Ễ http://dongtac.net/), M. NGUY N H ng Ễ Ễ
Quang (IFI, Hanoi)
For having made this presentation possible:● L'agence universitaire de la Francophonie
(http://www.auf.org),● and the 10th RMLL of Nantes