GREENHOUSE VEGETABLE CULTIVATION

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TOMATOES

PLANTING

Bed Preparation • Top width - 90 cm.• Path width – 50 cm• Height – 40 cm.

Planting Distance 40-45 cm between two plants 50 cm between two rows

Planting Material Seedling of four to five weeks age are used, before flowering.

Planting seasons:June-JulyNovember- December

Types of Tomato 1. Beef stick tomatoes 2. Truss ( vine) tomatoes 3. Cherry tomatoes 4. Round tomatoes

CULTURAL PRACTICES IN TOMATOES

Suckering Crop Support Training De-leafing Fruit Pruning Truss hooks Topping

Harvesting

Suckering

Indeterminate growth habit suckers will develop between each

compound leaf and the stem. These suckers are removed as they develop, leaving only the main stem as a growing point.

Side shoots are usually not pruned until they are a few inches long, at which time they are easier to distinguish from the main stem.

Crop Support

Nylon strings hung from horizontal wires at least 3 m about the ground

A plant fully loaded with fruit weights 7 to 14 kg

Each individual stem is clipped to a string with special plastic clips (Tomato clip) available in several sizes.

Crop Support

Training (Tying)

Plants should be trained as single (main) stem.

The plants can be supported with the help of plastic twine loosely anchored around the base of the plants (non slip loop) at one end.

De-leafing

– When vines are lowered, leaves touching the

ground are removed to prevent disease

development.

– To increase light penetration and air

circulation. Typically, all leaves are removed

below the lowest fruit cluster.

Fruit Pruning Small, undersized fruit at the end of

a cluster (distal fruit) are always removed.

Truss hooksgrown under relatively low light conditions, the peduncles of the inflorescences (trusses) are too weak to support the weight of fruit they bear and, are liable to bend or ‘kink’.

Fruit Pruning

Truss hook

Topping

Six weeks before the anticipated crop termination date, the growing point and small fruit clusters at the top of the plant are removed.

fruit requires 7-8 weeks from anthesis to harvest so small fruit will not have enough time to develop to maturity.

Increase size of already-set fruit in the lower part of the plant.

Pollination

Hand pollination method is used, Timing is important in hand pollination for fruit set. i.e. when humidity conditions are most favorable (50-70%). Pollination is done at least twice a week; inadequate pollination will lead to misshapen fruits and lower yields.

Pollination

Harvesting

Production of tomatoes starts after 60-75 days the total crop period for tomatoes is 8-9 months after planting.

Yield- i) Truss tomatoes - 50-60kg/ Sq.meter

ii) Cherry tomatoes - 31 kg/ Sq.meter

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