Fourth Scientific Practical Conference on Environmental Problems of the Moscow Region (ROUNDTABLE)...

Fourth Scientific Practical Conference on Environmental Problems of the Moscow Region (ROUNDTABLE)

12 November 2014Moscow, Russian Federation

International Experiences on Waste Management in Megacities of World and Role of IPLA – A Rio+20

Partnership in Rapidly Urbanizing World

Choudhury R.C. MohantyEnvironment Programme Coordinator, UNCRD

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Conventional Economy versus Resource Efficient Economy1. One-way Economy 2. More resource efficient economy

3. Closed Loop Economy 1. one way economy -> a little effort is made to reduce the amount of materials consumed in production and hence the wastes are produced. Also little effort is made to reuse or recycle those wastes which mainly go for landfill.

2. greater resource efficiency -> by reducing consumption and waste of materials, and by reusing and recycling by products. By implementing measures on both the production and consumption sides, countries may be able to reduce (per unit of product) both the quantity of the resource extraction stream and the quantity and environmental impact of the residual materials flow that ultimately reaches disposal sites.

3. closed-loop economy -> nearly all outputs either become inputs to other manufacturing processes or are returned to natural systems as benign emissions rather than as pollutants, e.g, a closed-cycle processing plant takes in freshwater and does not discharge any liquid effluents. Rather, the water is constantly recycled and possibly utilized in the final product itself.

Macro-Economic/Development Policies Integrating Resource Efficiency and 3Rs

• Japan: Fundamental Law for Establishing a Sound Material Cycle Society (2001); New Growth Strategy (2010) which places green innovations as top of seven strategic areas; Finance initiatives to build a Low Carbon Society (providing grants, investments, financing, interest subsidies for – (i) promotion of Green Buildings, (ii) development of Low Carbon Cities, (iii) bilateral offset Credit Mechanism, and (iv) enhancement, commercialization, and R&D of Low Carbon Technologies;

• Republic of Korea: National Strategy and Five Year Plan for Low Carbon and Green growth (2008); Framework Act and Presidential Decree on Low Carbon, Green Growth; Green New Deal policy – 2% of GDP investments in Green Growth (2009); Resource Recirculation Policy;

• PR China: Circular Economic Law (2009); Long Term Renewable Energy Development Plan (2007);

Chinese Circular Economic Law offers a long term plan for transformation that seeks to integrate economic, environmental, and social strategies to achieve high resource efficiency as the way of sustaining improvement in quality of life within natural and economic constraints;

• India: National Solar Mission; National Mission on Enhanced Energy Efficiency;

• Malaysia: National Green Technology Policy (2009); Green Building Index (2009; National Renewable Energy Policy and Action Plan (2010);

• Singapore: Green Mark Incentive Scheme for buildings (2005); Water Efficiency Fund (2008);

• Thailand: Alternative Energy Development Plan and Target (2008); Thailand Climate Change Master Plan (2012–2050), etc.

Japanese Legal framework for establishing a sound material-cycle (SMC) society

Waste Management and Public Cleansing LawPartially amended in May 2010

Waste Management and Public Cleansing LawPartially amended in May 2010

Law for the Promotion of Effective Utilizationof ResourcesLaw for the Promotion of Effective Utilizationof Resources

Law for the Promotion of Sorted Collection and Recycling of Containers and Packaging

Law for the Promotion of Sorted Collection and Recycling of Containers and Packaging

Basic Environment LawBasic Environment LawBasic Environment

PlanBasic Environment

Plan

＜　 Promotion of recycling 　＞＜　 Proper treatment of waste ＞

Regulations according to characteristics of individual articles

Bottles, PET bottles, paper or plastic containers and packages

Air conditioners, refrigerators, freezers, TVs, washing machines, drying machines

Green Purchasing Law （ The State takes the initiative to promote the procurement of recycled items)

Green Purchasing Law （ The State takes the initiative to promote the procurement of recycled items)

Timber, concrete, asphalt

Food residues

Vehicles

Law for the Recycling of Specified Kinds of Home Appliances

Law for the Recycling of Specified Kinds of Home Appliances

Construction Materials Recycling Law

Construction Materials Recycling Law

Law for the Recycling of End-of-Life Vehicles

Law for the Recycling of End-of-Life Vehicles

Ensuring material cycle in societyReducing consumption of natural resourcesLowering environmental load

Basic Act for Establishing a SMC Society(Basic Framework Act)Basic Act for Establishing a SMC Society(Basic Framework Act)

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①Reduction of waste generation②Proper treatment of waste (including recycling)③Regulation for establishment of waste treatment facilities④Regulation for waste treatment operators⑤Establishment of waste treatment standards, etc.

①Recycling of recycled resources

②Ingenuity and innovation to create structures and use materials to facilitate recycling③Labeling for sorted collection④Promotion of effective utilization of by-products

　　　 reducerecycle → reuse　　　 recycle( １Ｒ ) 　 ( ３Ｒ )

Fundamental Plan for Establishing a SMC SocietyThe fundamentals for other plans designed by the State

Fundamental Plan for Establishing a SMC SocietyThe fundamentals for other plans designed by the State

Completely enforced in August 1994

Completely amended and announced in April 2006

Completely enforced in January 2001

Officially announced in March 2003Amended in March 2008

Completely amended and enforced in April 2001

Completely enforced in May 2001

Partially amended in June2007

Completely enforced in April 2001


Partially amended in June 2006

Completely enforced in May 2002

Completely enforced in January 2005


Law for the promotion of the Utilization of Recyclable Food Resources

Law for the promotion of the Utilization of Recyclable Food Resources

Small Home Appliance Recycling Law

Small Home Appliance Recycling Law

WEEE

Enforced in April 2013

(Source: Courtesy of MoE-Japan)

First priority : ReduceWaste generation control

Second: ReuseReuse the used materials repeatedly

Final disposal

Third: RecycleThings, albeit not recyclable, are regenerated as resources

Fifth: Proper disposalWhen there is no other means of disposal, dispose of them in a proper manner.

Fourth: Heat recoveryIn the case of an unrecyclable waste, for which there is no other way of treatment than incineration, the heat generated by incineration is recovered for power generation and the residual heart thereof is used for other purposes

Treatment(recycling, incineration, etc.)

Input of natural resources

Consumption/use

Disposal

Production(manufacture, distribution)Control the input of

natural resources

Concept of a Sound Material-Cycle Society (cf. the Basic Act for Establishing a Sound Material-Cycle Society)


FY 2010

(Note) (Note: Water content: water contents of wastes (sludge, livestock’s waste, night soil, waste acid, waste alkali) and sludge contingently dumped in the process of economic activities (sludge in mining, construction and in waterworks as well as slag)

Material Flow in Japan

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Import

Import

Export

Export

Imported resources

Imported resources

Domestic resources

Domestic resources



Total material

input

Total material input

Final disposal

Final disposalWater content, etc. Water content, etc.

Energy consumption and industrial

process emissions

Energy consumption and industrial process

emissionsCompost

Compost

Waste generation

Waste generation

Food consumption Food consumptionNatural return Natural return

ReductionReduction

Recycled amount

Recycled amount

Net additions to stock

Net additions to stock

Imported products

Imported products

(unit = million tons)

(unit = million tons)

FY 2000

Total material input: 2.138 → 1.611 (billion tons) Final disposal: 56→19 (million tons) Recycled amount: 213→246 (million tons)


7年

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Resource productivity (GDP / natural resource input)

Recycling rate

Final disposal amount

[Target FY2020 ]460,000 yen/ton

[Target FY2020 ]

17%

[Target FY2020]

17 million tons

(ten

thou

sand

yen

/t)

（％

）

(milli

on to

ns)

1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

[FY2000]56 million

tons [FY2010]19 million

tons

[FY2000]248,000 yen/ton

[FY2010]374,000 yen/ton

[FY2000 ]10.0%

[FY2010 ]15.3%

Japan’s progress towards establishing a SMC society – changes in major indexes and goals targeted by the 3rd Fundamental Plan for Establishing a Sound Material-Cycle Society (2013) –

cyclical use / (natural resource input + cyclical use)

Case of Waste management-Mega city – Tokyo (1)

Waste Generation: 76,500t/dayM S W : 13,000t/dIndustrial : 63,500t/d

RAPID INCREASE OF

POPULATION AND MSW

Source: Adapted from Mr. Motoaki Sakakibara, Waste Management Division Bureau of the Environment Tokyo Metropolitan Government 3RS & WASTE MANAGEMENT IN TOKYO 12th November, 2012.

Case of Waste management-Mega city – Tokyo (2)

Source: Adapted from Mr. Motoaki Sakakibara, Waste Management Division Bureau of the Environment Tokyo Metropolitan Government 3RS & WASTE MANAGEMENT IN TOKYO 12th November, 2012.

Reduction of final disposal amount of municipal solid waste

End-of-life recycling law

Case of Waste management-Mega city – Seoul (1)

Changes In Waste Allocations Method From 1990 To 2008 (unit: percentage) in Seoul after introduction of “volume based waste fee” system

The landfill method consists of 81.16% of the total waste in 1994 and recycling method was 15.36%. However, recycling has increased steadily and up to 59.8% in 2008 while landfill has decreased down to 20.3%.

Source: Lee, S and Pail, H.S.Korean household waste management and recycling,, Building and Environment, 46 (2011), 1159-1166.

Recycling containers in the apartment complex in Seoul, Korea.

Food waste, lamps, and clothingContainers in the apartment complex in Seoul, Korea.

Case of Waste management-Mega city - Seoul (2)

The increase in recycling and the decrease in land fill waste have been critical improvements due to the unit pricing system.

Source: Lee, S and Pail, H.S.Korean household waste management and recycling,, Building and Environment, 46 (2011), 1159-1166.

Changes in volumes of MSW from 1990 to 2008 (unit: ton)

Case of Waste management-Mega city – Seoul (3)

Municipal waste discarded daily in 2011 per capita was 47% less than that of 1981

Source: Adapted from Ir Kenny, Study Mission to Seoul On Waste Management, Hong Kong Waste Management Association, 2013.ong

18-13

Case of Waste management- Canada (1)

MSW is closely followed by organic waste and plastic, in total each Canadian citizen generates more than 1 tonne of solid waste each year.

Source: Adapted from Data from 2004, from Environment Canada, Waste Management, Municipal Solid Waste, www.ec.gc.ca/wmd-dgd/Default-asp?lang=En&n=7623F633-f

Much of the waste generated by Canadians is, in principle, recyclable or compostable.

Diversion rates are increasing in Canada

Recycling or composting increased from 21% to 27% in 2008

Recycling consists of three steps

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Case of Waste management - Canada (2)

• 95% of Canadian households have access to recycling programs

• Recycling rates vary from one product or material type to another and from one location to another

• Increase has been driven by-

=> Economic forces=> Desire to reduce waste

Source: Environment-The Science Behind the stories, Chapter18- Managing our waste, Pearson Canada, 2013.

Economic benefits» Fewer landfill sites are needed, saving the cost of creating new landfills or transporting waste to more distant landfills.» Diversion creates jobs: recycling 14,000 tonnes of waste creates nine jobs and composting it creates seven jobs, but landfilling it creates just one job.» Revenue can be generated from selling compost to the community.

Environmental benefits» Recycling uses less energy than disposal in a landfill and manufacturing with recycled materials is more energy-efficient than with virgin materials.» The greenhouse gases and toxins generated by landfills and incineration are reduced.» More land is available for agricultural and other uses.» Reuse and recycling conserve resources.

Social benefits» Reduced landfill usage improves quality of life in adjacent communities and reduces the need for new landfill sites.» Less reliance on landfills and incinerators reduces pollutants and improves health.» Waste diversion encourages environmentally sustainable behaviour.

Names

1.Regional District of Nanaimo (RDN), British Columbia(Population: 146,000Diversion rate: 64%)

2. Town of Olds, Alberta(Population: 7,300Diversion rate: 43%)

3. City of Victoriaville, Québec(Population: 41,316Diversion rate: 64%)

Highlights and Results

» Successful landfill ban and enforcement» Positive working relationships and collaboration with industry and community stakeholders

» High recycling program» Successful partnerships with the education sector and other local communities

» Successful public−private waste management partnership involving 17 municipalities and a private-sector company

Source: www.fcm.ca/gmf

Case of Waste management- Canada (3)

Five phases on the path from waste management to waste as a resource

Case of Germany (1 ) - Path from Waste to Resource

Source: Adapted from Dr. Ing. Helmut Schnurer, Waste Management in Germany, Feb.,2008 www.bmu.de And http://europa.eu.int

Source: Adapted from Germany’s Country Partnership- Towards Circular Economy. Steps to modern waste management, Federal Ministry for the Environment, May 2014.

http://www.bmu.de/

Total Waste Generation: 333 Mio to (71 %)

Municipal waste: 49 Mio to (63 %)[Household waste: 44 Mio to] (63 %)

Production and commercial waste: 53 Mio to (68 %)Mining waste: 37 Mio to (1 %) C&D waste: 193 Mio to (90 %)

[Treatment waste: 40 Mio to (54 %) ][Hazardous Waste: 17 Mio to (57 %) ]• More than 200,000 people work in waste management• Annual turnover of about 40 billion Euro• 20 % of Kioto-Targets (46 Mio to/a) by waste management

Germany: Basic Data (2010)

Recycling

Case of Germany (2) - Path from Waste to Resource

Source: Federal Ministry for the Environment, May 2014 (presented at 2014 IPLA Europe Forum, Munich).

Financing of Waste Management (in general)

Charges / Fees / Tips

Secondary resources / energy

Producer responsibility

Subsidies (from general taxes)

Waste Management

Waste - Generators

State/MunicipalityProducers

Markets



Who pays ?

Polluter Pays Principle !!!

Incentives for:

Waste Prevention / Better Design

Re-use

Segregation at Source

Separation

Recycling / Recovery

Investments / Turnover

Waste Generator

Producer of Good



Green Economy

Ecological Benefits

Economic Benefits

Protection of

- Resources

- Environment

- Climate

- Investments

- Turnover

- Profits

- Employment- Level Playing Field (Competition)



Zero Waste Society of Boras / Sweden – Towards Zero Landfilling

(Source: Prof. Hans Bjork at 2014 IPLA Europe Forum, Munich).

International Partnership for Expanding Waste Management Services of Local

Authorities (IPLA) - a Rio+20 Partnership

• Partnerships offer alternatives in which governments and private companies assume co-responsibility and co-ownership for the delivery of solid waste management services. Waste disposal is expensive – financially and in lost resources (substantial inputs of labour, material, energy, land resources for land filling, etc.)

• Partnerships combine the advantages of the private sector (dynamism, access to financial resources and latest technologies, managerial efficiency, and entrepreneurial spirit, etc.) with social concerns and responsibility of the public sector (public health and better life, environmental awareness, local knowledge and job creation, etc.).

• Partnerships (PPP) are indispensable for creating and financing adaptation measures towards resilient cities which in turn are more attractive for private investments.

• Partnerships provide win-win solutions both for the public utilities and private sector—if duly supported by appropriate policy frameworks. Such partnerships could lead to savings in municipal budgets where waste management usually consumes a large portion. The private sector, on the other hand, may use this opportunity to convert waste into environmentally friendly products and energy that could also serve as income generating opportunities.

Partnership is key to expand waste management services of local authorities that lack resources, institutional capacity,

and technological know-how…

Shifting the roles of municipalities from being a ‘service provider’ to ‘facilitator of service’, by focusing its activity on planning and management,

while a private company takes up the actual day-to-day operation.

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Thematic Areas and Issues

Zero waste policies &

programmes

Technologies & infrastructure

Eco-town, eco-cities, eco-industrial

zones

Waste to economy (e.g. green jobs)

Waste to energy (WtE)

SMEsFinancing & investment

Public awareness and education

Sustainable cities (Rio+20 outcome)

New and emerging wastes

Protection of local ecosystem

IPLA

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Road Map for Zero Waste Ahmedabad- A Visionary Document to Guide Ahmedabad towards becoming

a ‘Resource Efficient and Zero Waste City’ by 2031

Multi-stakeholder Consultation Meetings (April 2012)-including local and state government officials, research and educational institutions, NGOs, business and industries, community organization, etc.

Multi-stakeholder Consultation on Pre-final draft (Sep. 2012)

Official launch at the Vibrant Gujarat 2013 Seminar on Zero Waste – A Vision for 21st Century Cities, 12 January 2013, Ahmedabad

Road Map for Zero Waste Ahmedabad- Consists of ten focal areas and thirty four strategic actions

Expected to serve as a visionary document that will guide AMC to: (i) introduce and implement necessary policies and strategies(ii) sensitize citizens, businesses and industries in Ahmedabad to

work together towards achieving a zero waste society.

Triangular Cooperation (Government – Private – Research) in support of Waste as an Economic Industry

• Promote recycling of waste from one industry as a resource for another (industrial symbiosis), through, for example, supporting the establishment of eco-industrial parks, science parks, and research/university networks.

• Encourage joint R&D, knowledge sharing, technology transfer among various actors (e.g., between private sector and universities). GOVERNMENT

PRIVATE/ BUSINESSSECTOR

ACADEMIC/SCIENTIFICRESEARCH

INSTITUTIONS

FundingResearch

Research&

Development

MarketCreation

EconomicBenefits

ZERO WASTE

“Moving towards zero waste is inherently a multi-stakeholder

process which calls for partnershipswithin and between communities, businesses, industries, and all levels

of government.”

“Moving towards zero waste is inherently a multi-stakeholder

process which calls for partnershipswithin and between communities, businesses, industries, and all levels

of government.”

Zero Waste is – • Ecological protection• Economy and green jobs• Better city and better life• International cooperation• Citizens empowerment

Zero Waste is – • Ecological protection• Economy and green jobs• Better city and better life• International cooperation• Citizens empowerment

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About IPLA – a Rio+20 Partnership

• Serve as a dynamic knowledge platform and a decentralized network among LAs, the private sector, NGOs, academic & research institutions, international organizations, UN agencies, etc. • Support LAs in moving towards zero waste and resource efficient societies, ultimately achieving sustainable and resilient cities.•A platform for technical cooperation, technology transfer, and sharing best practices, experiences, methods on how to deal with growing waste management problems in world cities and municipalities

• Launched at the nineteenth session of the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development (CSD-19) held in New York in May 2011, and subsequently became a Rio+20 partnership in June 2012. • Aims to foster partnerships which address various needs of local authorities (LAs) in achieving sustainable waste management.

Global Secretariat

Regional Secretariat for Africa, Asia and Latin America

Sub-Regional Secretariat for the region covering Australia and New Zealand

Sub-Regional Secretariat for Central and Eastern Europe

Sub-Regional Secretariat for Mashreq and Maghreb Countries

Sub-Regional Secretariat for the Pacific SIDS

Sub-Regional Secretariat for South Asia

Sub-Regional Secretariat for Northern Latin America

Global Coordinating Secretariat

Sub-Regional Secretariat for the Caribbean SIDS

Sub-Regional Secretariat for Southern Latin America

Global, Regional, and Sub-Regional Secretariats

Sub-Regional Secretariat for Russia and EurAsEC countries

ICBET

Sub-Regional Secretariat for Southern Africa

Sub-Regional Secretariat for Western Africa

Official partners around the world (250 registered members & partners from 72 countries

Municipality (Local Authority) to Multilayer Partnership

MunicipalityPrivate Sector Community

Public Private Partnership

Low quality Service Expensive Low Tech

High Quality Service Cost effectiveHigh Tech

Waste Disposal

Waste Processing Waste Minimization

Waste Recycling

Present

Future -“Sustainable City”

SustainableSociety

Source: Adapted from IPLA Forum of Private Sectors, Nagoya, 23 Feb 2012

COMMUNITY RESPONSIBILITY

INDUSTRIAL RESPONSIBILITY

GOOD

LE

AD

ER

SHIP

• 410 billion USD (UNEP 2008)*Up to 15 million people, with an economic Impact of 100s of millions

• Informal Waste Collectors (door-to-door), rag pickers who collect waste from streets, scavengers who pick waste from dumpsites and informal middlemen such as recycling dealers, brokers, wholesalers

• Typically 1% of the urban population in developing countries involved in informal scavenging

*Value of informal market not estimated

Waste Market and Size of Informal Industry

Country No. of informal waste collectors

China 10 million

India Over 1 million

Brazil Half a million

Major opportunity for win-win solutions through partnership with

informal sector• Build recycling rates • Move towards zero waste• Improve livelihoods• Improve working conditions•Save the city money

Source: Modak P. (2011). Synergizing Resource Efficiency with Informal Sector towards Sustainable Waste Management, Building Partnerships for Moving Towards Zero Waste, A Side Event for CSD19 held on 12 May 2011, Tokyo

Source: Adapted from http://earth911.com/news/2009/01/16/austin-to-go-zero-waste/

Zero Waste System- A vision that leads cities towards sustainable future - Inherently a multi-stakeholders partnerships process

(Expand City Outreach & Technical Assistance)

(Jobs from Design & Discards)

(Resource Recovery Park)

(Producer Responsibility)(Retailers Take Back Difficult-to- Recycle Materials)

(Foster Sustainable and Green Businesses / Greening SMEs)

(Eliminate Waste by Designing Out of Products and Processes)

(Provide Incentives Before Ban or Mandate)

Pillars of Zero Waste

Upstream (Reduce, Reuse)

Downstream (Recycle)

Green Businesses and Jobs

© Copyright Eco-Cycle, 2004 with text modifications by permission.www.ecocycle.org/zerowaste/zwsystem

Many stakeholders can play very important role in promoting zero waste

National Government

Develop policies, programs, and institutions, innovative financing for resource efficiency / 3R infrastructures (eco-towns, eco-industrial parks, R&D facilities (Environment, 3Rs, Nano-Technology, IT, Biotechnology ） etc.), create conducive policy framework to encourage PPPs, capacity building programs/facilities for SMEs, awareness programme for citizens, green procurement, develop and institute EPR system, foster triangular cooperation (government-private/industry-R&D/Universities) for , circular economic approach, green growth, technology transfer, information clearing house, etc.

Local Government Integrate resource efficiency in urban development policy and strategy (energy, transport, water, industry), innovative financing for resource efficient infrastructure (eco-towns, eco-industrial parks, R&D facilities, etc.), realize PPPs, awareness programs for citizens, green procurement

Private / Industry Sector

Develop strategies to commercialize 3Rs, Environmental performance reporting, R&D (3R technologies, green products, waste recycling, waste exchange, green purchasing, PPP, in-house capacity building programs, CSR,

Banks / Financial institutions

Investment/loan schemes for eco-town projects and green industries

Scientific and Research Institutions / Universities

Provide back up for science based policy making at government level, develop dedicated R&D projects on resource efficiency/3Rs in collaboration with government and business/industry sector, create human resources and experts in the field of resource efficiency/3Rs, look for international collaboration (University-University, University-Multi-national corporation), catalyst for decision makers, technology evaluation.

Citizens / NGOs Promote green consumerism, community awareness raising on house-hold waste segregation and its contribution to resource efficiency/3Rs, knowledge dissemination

Source: C.R.C. Mohanty, 2012

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IPLA Global Forum 2013 on Sustainable Waste Management for the 21st Century Cities - Building

Sustainable and Resilient Cities through Partnership City of Borås, Sweden, 9-11 September 2013

Co-organized by:

Official Website of the IPLA Global Forum 2013: www.boras.se/ipla © Ericsson

Borås Declaration of the Private Sector on Moving Towards Resource Efficient and Zero Waste Societies

• Acknowledge a number of benefits of PPP for both local authorities and the private sector. • Express strong intention to contribute towards IPLA objectives. • Call on a wide range of stakeholders to collaborate with the private sector in developing and implementing sustainable waste management projects.

Establishment of the IPLA Academic Consortium - to help guide cities and municipalities to develop effective business models for cooperation (between public, private, and research and scientific institutions) and investment in waste management.

http://www.boras.se/ipla/

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2014 IPLA Europe Forum, 7-8 May 2014, Munich, Germany, at IFAT 2014

Co-organizer: IPLA and UNCRD

Supporting Organizations: Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety of Germany (MfE); Messe München International; ISWA, GIZ / SWWEP-Net

Theme: Enabling Conditions for Developing Effective Business Models and PPP in Waste Management Sector in Developing Countries

The objective was to discuss and explore various enabling conditions for the private and business sector to effectively engage themselves in developing countries towards sustainable waste management. With inadequate resources and institutional capacity, municipalities in developing countries of Africa, Asia, and Latin America, are increasingly in need of both co-financing and technologies to solve their emerging waste problems. IFAT 2014 (http://www.ifat.de/en) provided a unique opportunity for IPLA member cities and partners and participants , to take stock of latest technological innovations in the field of waste management – collection, storage, separation, resource recovery, recycling, waste to energy, and various state of art technologies for transforming of wastes into useful resources towards a resource efficient and zero waste society.

http://www.ifat.de/en

IPLA Global Forum 2014 on Empowering Municipal and Local Authorities through Improved Knowledge Management- How can Municipalities Choose

and Apply Better Technologies for Sustainable Waste Management?City of São Paulo, Brazil, 8-10 September 2014

Co-organized by:São Paulo Declaration of Municipalities and Local Authorities for Scaling up of National and International Public-Private Partnerships in Waste Sector for Achieving Sustainable and Resilient Cities

-“(Re) Discovering a New World: Sustainable Solutions for a healthy future”. -“Opportunity to discuss the need for improved knowledge management at municipal level to tackle the growing and complex waste streams”.

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2015 IPLA GLOBAL FORUM IN MOSCOW

6-8 October 2015

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Primary beneficiaries are LAs, mainly (but not limited to) those in emerging and developing economies.

to all interested entities that align with its mission of expanding waste management-related services of LAs.

e.g., LAs, governments, the private sector and industry, NGOs/CBOs, research institutions, international organizations, UN agencies, among others.

IPLA membership is fully free of charge or any fees

Register with IPLA :http://www.uncrd.or.jp/index.php?menu=378For any inquiry about IPLA, please email: [email protected]

IPLA Membership

Fourth Scientific Practical Conference on Environmental Problems of the Moscow Region (ROUNDTABLE)...

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