Four-Stroke Engine Four-Stroke Engine BasicsBasics

Instructor: Adam MegelInstructor: Adam Megel

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OrientationOrientation

Throughout this lesson on four-Throughout this lesson on four-stroke engines, learner will self-stroke engines, learner will self-navigate through this navigate through this PowerPoint presentationPowerPoint presentation

Be sure to click on every linkBe sure to click on every link Learner will be quizzed at the Learner will be quizzed at the

end of the lesson end of the lesson Click on Next to move on, or Click on Next to move on, or

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Orientation Continued Orientation Continued

Material that will be covered:Material that will be covered: Four-stroke engine basicsFour-stroke engine basics Other engine typesOther engine types Basic components of a four-stroke Basic components of a four-stroke

engineengine The four-stroke cycleThe four-stroke cycle

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The BasicsThe Basics

A four-stroke engine:A four-stroke engine: Is an internal combustion engineIs an internal combustion engine Converts gasoline into motionConverts gasoline into motion Is the most common car engine Is the most common car engine

typetype Is relatively efficientIs relatively efficient Is relatively inexpensive Is relatively inexpensive

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Other Engine TypesOther Engine Types

Two-stroke enginesTwo-stroke engines Diesel enginesDiesel engines Rotary enginesRotary engines Turbine enginesTurbine engines Steam engines Steam engines

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Basic Components of Four-Basic Components of Four-Stroke EnginesStroke Engines

Intake Valve

Valve Cover

Intake Port

Head

Coolant

Engine Block

Oil Pan

Oil Sump

Crankshaft

Camshaft

Exhaust Valve

Spark Plug

Exhaust Port

Piston

Connecting Rod

Rod Bearings

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NextDiagram

A. A. Intake Valve-Intake Valve- opens at the opens at the proper time to let in air and fuel.proper time to let in air and fuel.

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B. B. Valve CoverValve Cover- Protects the - Protects the valves and the valve springs. valves and the valve springs. Keeps dirt out and lubricating oil Keeps dirt out and lubricating oil in.in.

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C. C. Intake PortIntake Port- the passageway - the passageway in a cylinder head for the fuel in a cylinder head for the fuel and air to pass through.and air to pass through.

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D. D. HeadHead- a platform containing - a platform containing most of the parts of the most of the parts of the combustion chamber.combustion chamber.

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E. E. CoolantCoolant- circulating water - circulating water and antifreeze to keep the and antifreeze to keep the temperature regulated. temperature regulated.

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F. F. Engine BlockEngine Block- cast in one - cast in one piece. The basis for most of the piece. The basis for most of the parts of the engine.parts of the engine.

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G. G. Oil PanOil Pan- where the oil is - where the oil is collected and recirculated.collected and recirculated.

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H. H. Oil SumpOil Sump- the collected oil - the collected oil primarily for lubricating the primarily for lubricating the crankshaft and rod bearingcrankshaft and rod bearing

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I. I. CamshaftCamshaft- a round shaft with - a round shaft with lobes, that rotates to open and lobes, that rotates to open and close the fuel and exhaust close the fuel and exhaust valves.valves.

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J. J. Exhaust ValveExhaust Valve- open at the - open at the proper time to release the proper time to release the exhaustexhaust

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K. K. Spark PlugSpark Plug- a device, - a device, inserted into the combustion inserted into the combustion chamber for firing an electrical chamber for firing an electrical spark to ignite air-fuel mixturespark to ignite air-fuel mixture

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L. L. Exhaust PortExhaust Port- the - the passageway in a cylinder head, passageway in a cylinder head, for the exhaust to pass throughfor the exhaust to pass through

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M. M. PistonPiston- the part of the - the part of the engine that moves up and down engine that moves up and down in the cylinder converting the in the cylinder converting the gasoline into motiongasoline into motion

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N. N. Connecting RodConnecting Rod- links the - links the piston to the crankshaft.piston to the crankshaft.

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O. O. Rod BearingRod Bearing- used to reduce - used to reduce friction to the rod and crankshaftfriction to the rod and crankshaft

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P. P. CrankshaftCrankshaft- converts the up - converts the up and down motion of the piston and down motion of the piston into a turning, or rotating motioninto a turning, or rotating motion

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The 4-Stroke CycleThe 4-Stroke Cycle

1. 1. 2. 2. 3. 3. 4. 4.

Intake

Compression

Combustion

Exhaust

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IntakeIntake-- process of process of filling the cylinder filling the cylinder with the proper air-with the proper air-fuel mixture fuel mixture through the intake through the intake valve.valve.

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CompressionCompression- - the process of the process of compressing the compressing the air-fuel mixture in air-fuel mixture in the cylinder to the cylinder to make it more make it more combustible combustible

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CombustionCombustion-the -the process of igniting process of igniting the compressed the compressed air-fuel mixture to air-fuel mixture to create motion and create motion and the over all power the over all power of the engine.of the engine.

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ExhaustExhaust- the - the process of process of releasing the releasing the exhaust out of exhaust out of the cylinder the cylinder through the through the exhaust valve.exhaust valve.

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ApplicationApplication

Now that you understand the Now that you understand the basics of four-stroke engines, basics of four-stroke engines, how can you use this how can you use this information in the real world?information in the real world?

Back Quiz

Lets take a quiz to see what you Lets take a quiz to see what you have learned!have learned!

Back Quiz

1. The ____ controls the amount 1. The ____ controls the amount of intake and the release of of intake and the release of exhaust.exhaust.

a. heada. head

b. valvesb. valves

c. coolantc. coolant

d. connecting rodd. connecting rod

2.2. The _____ Cycle is the ignition The _____ Cycle is the ignition of the compressed fuel-air of the compressed fuel-air mixture.mixture.

a. Exhausta. Exhaust

b. Combustionb. Combustion

c. Compressionc. Compression

d. Intaked. Intake

3.3. The most common type of The most common type of engine?engine?

a. diesel enginesa. diesel engines

b. 2-stroke enginesb. 2-stroke engines

c. rotary enginesc. rotary engines

d. 4-stroke enginesd. 4-stroke engines

4.4. What part of the engine What part of the engine converts up and down motion converts up and down motion into a rotation motion?into a rotation motion?

a. crankshafta. crankshaft

b. pistonb. piston

c. valve coverc. valve cover

d. camshaftd. camshaft

5.5. What is the name What is the name of the part listed?of the part listed?

a. intake valvea. intake valveb. piston b. piston c. oil panc. oil pand. spark plugd. spark plug

Sorry, that is the wrong answer. Sorry, that is the wrong answer. Try again.Try again.

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Congratulations! That is the end Congratulations! That is the end of your quiz, and the end of your of your quiz, and the end of your lesson on four-stroke engines.lesson on four-stroke engines.

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ReferencesReferences

www.howstuffworks.com/www.howstuffworks.com/ www.www.mdamda.org..org.ukuk/railway//railway/railobjvrailobjv

..htmhtm

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