Four Level Analysis
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Transcript of Four Level Analysis
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Four-Level AnalysisPractice Sentences
Michael Clay Thompson
rfwp.com
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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I have had many requestsfrom those who use the MCT texts
for grammar analysis sentencesin a digital form that can
be used with a computer or projector.Accordingly, here are some sentences
in a pdf that should workon any computer.
MCT
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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PART ONE
These first sentences are limitedto one- and two-level analysisand are suitable for younger
students who are not yet usingGrammar Island.
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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ONE-LEVEL ANALYSIS
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The big dog saw her.
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The big dog saw her.
____________________________________ adj. adj. n. v. pron.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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He ate two cookies.
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Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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He ate two cookies.
____________________________________ pron. v. adj. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Jane is a good friend.
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Jane is a good friend.
____________________________________ n. v. adj. adj. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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A big dog barked loudly.
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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A big dog barked loudly.
____________________________________ adj. adj. n. v. adv.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Two dogs barked at the moon.
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Two dogs barked at the moon.
____________________________________ adj. n. v. prep. adj. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Oh, I never wanted any soup.
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Oh, I never wanted any soup.
____________________________________ interj. pron. adv. v. adj. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Joe and I asked for a bigger boat.
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Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Joe and I asked for a bigger boat.
____________________________________ n. conj. pron. v. prep. adj. adj. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Alex ran up the hill, but Sarah laughed.
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Alex ran up the hill, but Sarah laughed.
____________________________________ n. v. prep. adj. n. conj. n. v.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Randolph is my best friend.
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Randolph is my best friend.
____________________________________ n. v. adj. adj. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The very old tree lost its leaves slowly.
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Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The very old tree lost its leaves slowly.
____________________________________ adj. adv. adj. n. v. adj. n. adv.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Golgrich was the very man we asked.
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Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Golgrich was the very man we asked.
____________________________________ n. v. adj. adj. n. pron. v.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The rude comment offended you and me.
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The rude comment offended you and me.
____________________________________ adj. adj. n. v. pron. conj. pron.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The rude comment offended you and me.
____________________________________ adj. adj. n. v. pron. conj. pron.
It must be you and me, not you and I, because a direct object uses object pronouns.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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A slippery fish wiggled across the deck.
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Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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A slippery fish wiggled across the deck.
____________________________________ adj. adj. n. v. prep. adj. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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TWO-LEVEL ANALYSIS
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Hard rain fell from the dark clouds.
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____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Hard rain fell from the dark clouds.
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____________________________________
adj. n. v. prep. adj. adj. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Hard rain fell from the dark clouds.
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____________________________________
adj. n. v. prep. adj. adj. n.
subj. AVP
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Hard rain fell from the dark clouds.
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. n. v. prep. adj. adj. n.
subj. AVP
The object of a preposition, clouds, cannot also be a direct object.
AVP means action verb predicate.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The big, blue wave struck the ship.
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Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The big, blue wave struck the ship.
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____________________________________
adj. adj. adj. n. v. adj. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The big, blue wave struck the ship.
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. adj. n. v. adj. n.
subj. AVP D.O.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The leader of the Gauls is a warrior.
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____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The leader of the Gauls is a warrior.
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____________________________________
adj. n. prep. adj. n. v. adj. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The leader of the Gauls is a warrior.
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. n. prep. adj. n. v. adj. n.
subj. LVP S.C.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The leader of the Gauls is a warrior.
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. n. prep. adj. n. v. adj. n.
subj. LVP S.C.
The subject of the sentence is leader, not Gauls. The object of a prepositioncannot also be the subject of the sentence. LVP means linking verb predicate. S.C.
means subject complement.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The red dog carefully smelled the squirrel.
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____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The red dog carefully smelled the squirrel.
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____________________________________
adj. adj. n. adv. v. adj. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The red dog carefully smelled the squirrel.
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. adv. v. adj. n.
subj. AVP D.O.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The red dog carefully smelled the squirrel.
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. adv. v. adj. n.
subj. AVP D.O.
Notice that smelled is here an action verb; the dog is smelling something.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The blue flowers smelled good.
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Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The blue flowers smelled good.
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adj. adj. n. v. adj.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The blue flowers smelled good.
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adj. adj. n. v. adj.
subj. LVP S.C.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The blue flowers smelled good.
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. adj.
subj. LVP S.C.
In this sentence smelled is a linking verb. Flowers do not have noses,and they are not performing an action. The logic of the sentence
is an equation: the flowers are good in smell.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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A very funny rabbit hopped on the path.
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Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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A very funny rabbit hopped on the path.
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adj. adv. adj. n. v. prep. adj. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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A very funny rabbit hopped on the path.
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____________________________________
adj. adv. adj. n. v. prep. adj. n.
subj. AVP
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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A very funny rabbit hopped on the path.
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____________________________________
adj. adv. adj. n. v. prep. adj. n.
subj. AVP
We have an action verb, but there is no direct objectbecause the verb does not transfer the action to anything.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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She gave me a good book about Rome.
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Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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She gave me a good book about Rome.
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pron. v. pron. adj. adj. n. prep. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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She gave me a good book about Rome.
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pron. v. pron. adj. adj. n. prep. n.
subj. AVP I.O. D.O.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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She gave me a good book about Rome.
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____________________________________
pron. v. pron. adj. adj. n. prep. n.
subj. AVP I.O. D.O.
An indirect object is a noun or object pronoun that is locatedbetween the action verb and the direct object. It does not receive
the action, but it is indirect affected by the action.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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You and I will go to the opera on Monday.
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Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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You and I will go to the opera on Monday.
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pron. conj. pron. v. v. prep. adj. n. prep. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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You and I will go to the opera on Monday.
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____________________________________
pron. conj. pron. v. v. prep. adj. n. prep. n.
----------subj.---------- -----AVP-----
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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You and I will go to the opera on Monday.
____________________________________
____________________________________
pron. conj. pron. v. v. prep. adj. n. prep. n.
----------subj.---------- -----AVP-----
Here we see a compound subject and a future tense verb.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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I will go to Greece if you will come too.
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Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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I will go to Greece if you will come too.
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pron. v. v. prep. n. conj. pron. v. v. adv.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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I will go to Greece if you will come too.
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____________________________________
pron. v. v. prep. n. conj. pron. v. v. adv.
subj. -----AVP----- subj. --------AVP-------
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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I will go to Greece if you will come too.
____________________________________
____________________________________
pron. v. v. prep. n. conj. pron. v. v. adv.
subj. -----AVP----- subj. --------AVP-------
The word if is a subordinating conjunction.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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No, we never wanted any blue flowers.
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____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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No, we never wanted any blue flowers.
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____________________________________
interj. pron. adv. v. adj. adj. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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No, we never wanted any blue flowers.
____________________________________
____________________________________
interj. pron. adv. v. adj. adj. n.
subj. AVP D.O.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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PART TWO
Here are four-level analysis sentences, organized by book,
for students using the MCT texts.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Wednesday, August 17, 11
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A big flight of ducks flies overhead.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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A big flight of ducks flies overhead.
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____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. prep. n. v. adv.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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A big flight of ducks flies overhead.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. prep. n. v. adv.
subj. AVP
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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A big flight of ducks flies overhead.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. prep. n. v. adv.
subj. AVP
----prep. phrase----
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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A big flight of ducks flies overhead.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. prep. n. v. adv.
subj. AVP
----prep. phrase----
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple sentence
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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A big flight of ducks flies overhead.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. prep. n. v. adv.
subj. AVP
----prep. phrase----
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple sentence
A prepositional phrase comes between the subject and its verb: flight flies.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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A frog ate the flea, and the fly flew away.
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____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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A frog ate the flea, and the fly flew away.
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____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. n. v. adj. n. conj. adj. n. v. adv.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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A frog ate the flea, and the fly flew away.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. n. v. adj. n. conj. adj. n. v. adv.
subj. AVP D.O. subj. AVP
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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A frog ate the flea, and the fly flew away.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. n. v. adj. n. conj. adj. n. v. adv.
subj. AVP D.O. subj. AVP
no phrase
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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A frog ate the flea, and the fly flew away.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. n. v. adj. n. conj. adj. n. v. adv.
subj. AVP D.O. subj. AVP
no phrase
--------------------clause------------------- ------------------clause-------------- compound sentence
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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A frog ate the flea, and the fly flew away.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. n. v. adj. n. conj. adj. n. v. adv.
subj. AVP D.O. subj. AVP
no phrase
--------------------clause------------------- ------------------clause-------------- compound sentence
An action verb might or might not lead to a direct object.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The noisy intruder was a small, green frog.
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____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The noisy intruder was a small, green frog.
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____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. adj. adj. adj. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The noisy intruder was a small, green frog.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. adj. adj. adj. n.
subj. LVP S.C.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The noisy intruder was a small, green frog.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. adj. adj. adj. n.
subj. LVP S.C.
no phrase
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The noisy intruder was a small, green frog.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. adj. adj. adj. n.
subj. LVP S.C.
no phrase
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple sentence
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The noisy intruder was a small, green frog.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. adj. adj. adj. n.
subj. LVP S.C.
no phrase
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple sentence
This sentence is an equation. The linking verb means that the subject and the subject complement are the same thing: the intruder IS a frog.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Two crickets chirped at the sleepy seagull.
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____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Two crickets chirped at the sleepy seagull.
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____________________________________
adj. n. v. prep. adj. adj. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Two crickets chirped at the sleepy seagull.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. n. v. prep. adj. adj. n.
subj. AVP
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Two crickets chirped at the sleepy seagull.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. n. v. prep. adj. adj. n.
subj. AVP
-------------------prep. phrase------------------
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Two crickets chirped at the sleepy seagull.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. n. v. prep. adj. adj. n.
subj. AVP
-------------------prep. phrase------------------
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple sentence
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Two crickets chirped at the sleepy seagull.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. n. v. prep. adj. adj. n.
subj. AVP
-------------------prep. phrase------------------
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple sentence
The object of a preposition cannot be a direct object.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The white bird gave the green frog a bug.
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____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The white bird gave the green frog a bug.
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____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. adj. adj. n. adj. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The white bird gave the green frog a bug.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. adj. adj. n. adj. n.
subj. AVP I.O. D.O.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The white bird gave the green frog a bug.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. adj. adj. n. adj. n.
subj. AVP I.O. D.O.
no phrase
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The white bird gave the green frog a bug.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. adj. adj. n. adj. n.
subj. AVP I.O. D.O.
no phrase
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple sentence
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The white bird gave the green frog a bug.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. adj. adj. n. adj. n.
subj. AVP I.O. D.O.
no phrase
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple sentence
An indirect object will always be between the action verb and the direct object.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Yes, some frogs were sad and silly.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Yes, some frogs were sad and silly.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
interj. adj. n. v. adj. conj. adj.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Yes, some frogs were sad and silly.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
interj. adj. n. v. adj. conj. adj.
subj. LVP ------compound S.C.------
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Yes, some frogs were sad and silly.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
interj. adj. n. v. adj. conj. adj.
subj. LVP ------compound S.C.------
no phrase
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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Yes, some frogs were sad and silly.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
interj. adj. n. v. adj. conj. adj.
subj. LVP ------compound S.C.------
no phrase
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple sentence
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
Yes, some frogs were sad and silly.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
interj. adj. n. v. adj. conj. adj.
subj. LVP ------compound S.C.------
no phrase
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple sentence
Two subject complements joined by a conjunction: a compound subject complement.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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James gave you and me some fish.
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____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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James gave you and me some fish.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
n. v. pron. conj. pron. adj. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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James gave you and me some fish.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
n. v. pron. conj. pron. adj. n.
subj. AVP -------compound I.O.------- D.O.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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James gave you and me some fish.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
n. v. pron. conj. pron. adj. n.
subj. AVP -------compound I.O.------- D.O.
no phrase
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
James gave you and me some fish.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
n. v. pron. conj. pron. adj. n.
subj. AVP -------compound I.O.------- D.O.
no phrase
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple sentence
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
James gave you and me some fish.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
n. v. pron. conj. pron. adj. n.
subj. AVP -------compound I.O.------- D.O.
no phrase
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple sentence
We see a compound indirect object, right where indirect objects always are,between the action verb and the direct object.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The gray goose certainly smelled funny.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The gray goose certainly smelled funny.
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____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. adv. v. adv.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The gray goose certainly smelled funny.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. adv. v. adv.
subj. LVP S.C.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
The gray goose certainly smelled funny.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. adv. v. adv.
subj. LVP S.C.
no phrase
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
The gray goose certainly smelled funny.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. adv. v. adv.
subj. LVP S.C.
no phrase
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple sentence
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
The gray goose certainly smelled funny.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. adv. v. adv.
subj. LVP S.C.
no phrase
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple sentence
A subject complement is a noun, pronoun, or adjective, linked to the subject by a linking verb.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The fancy fish swam slowly up the stream.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The fancy fish swam slowly up the stream.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. adv. prep. adj. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
The fancy fish swam slowly up the stream.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. adv. prep. adj. n.
subj. AVP
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
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The fancy fish swam slowly up the stream.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. adv. prep. adj. n.
subj. AVP
-----prepositional phrase-----
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
The fancy fish swam slowly up the stream.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. adv. prep. adj. n.
subj. AVP
-----prepositional phrase-----
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple sentence
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
The fancy fish swam slowly up the stream.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. adv. prep. adj. n.
subj. AVP
-----prepositional phrase-----
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple sentence
Remember that the object of a preposition can never be a direct object.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
Sam saw Sue, but Sid was sad.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
Sam saw Sue, but Sid was sad.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
n. v. n. conj. n. v. adj.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
Sam saw Sue, but Sid was sad.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
n. v. n. conj. n. v. adj.
subj. AVP D.O. subj. LVP S.C.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
Sam saw Sue, but Sid was sad.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
n. v. n. conj. n. v. adj.
subj. AVP D.O. subj. LVP S.C.
no phrase
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
Sam saw Sue, but Sid was sad.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
n. v. n. conj. n. v. adj.
subj. AVP D.O. subj. LVP S.C.
no phrase
----------------clause-------------- ---------------clause------------- compound sentence
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
Sam saw Sue, but Sid was sad.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
n. v. n. conj. n. v. adj.
subj. AVP D.O. subj. LVP S.C.
no phrase
----------------clause-------------- ---------------clause------------- compound sentence
This is one sentence. It has two clauses, each with its own subject and verb.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
He gave his book to the curious mayor.
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____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
He gave his book to the curious mayor.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
pron. v. adj. n. prep. adj. adj. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
He gave his book to the curious mayor.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
pron. v. adj. n. prep. adj. adj. n.
subj. AVP D.O.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
He gave his book to the curious mayor.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
pron. v. adj. n. prep. adj. adj. n.
subj. AVP D.O.
-------------------prep. phrase-----------------
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
He gave his book to the curious mayor.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
pron. v. adj. n. prep. adj. adj. n.
subj. AVP D.O.
-------------------prep. phrase-----------------
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple sentence
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
He gave his book to the curious mayor.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
pron. v. adj. n. prep. adj. adj. n.
subj. AVP D.O.
-------------------prep. phrase-----------------
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple sentence
The object of a preposition can never also be a direct object or indirect object.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
The collection of poems is brilliant.
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____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
The collection of poems is brilliant.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. n. prep. n. v. adj.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
The collection of poems is brilliant.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. n. prep. n. v. adj.
subj. LVP S.C.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
The collection of poems is brilliant.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. n. prep. n. v. adj.
subj. LVP S.C.
-----prep. phrase----
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
The collection of poems is brilliant.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. n. prep. n. v. adj.
subj. LVP S.C.
-----prep. phrase----
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple declarative sentence
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
The collection of poems is brilliant.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. n. prep. n. v. adj.
subj. LVP S.C.
-----prep. phrase----
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple declarative sentence
Note that the verb IS agrees with the subject COLLECTION, not with the object of the preposition.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
The wretched elf grew tulips in the dell.
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____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
The wretched elf grew tulips in the dell.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. n. prep. adj. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
The wretched elf grew tulips in the dell.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. n. prep. adj. n.
subj. AVP D.O.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
The wretched elf grew tulips in the dell.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. n. prep. adj. n.
subj. AVP D.O.
------prep. phrase-----
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
The wretched elf grew tulips in the dell.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. n. prep. adj. n.
subj. AVP D.O.
------prep. phrase-----
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple declarative sentence
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
The wretched elf grew tulips in the dell.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. n. prep. adj. n.
subj. AVP D.O.
------prep. phrase-----
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple declarative sentence
This sentence has a good feature: the verb is right next to the subject. That always makes a sentence clearer. A DELL is a small, wooded valley.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
A weary mason grew bored with the task.
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____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
A weary mason grew bored with the task.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. adj. prep. adj. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
A weary mason grew bored with the task.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. adj. prep. adj. n.
subj. LVP S.C.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
A weary mason grew bored with the task.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. adj. prep. adj. n.
subj. LVP S.C.
--------prep. phrase-------
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
A weary mason grew bored with the task.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. adj. prep. adj. n.
subj. LVP S.C.
--------prep. phrase-------
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple declarative sentence
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
A weary mason grew bored with the task.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. v. adj. prep. adj. n.
subj. LVP S.C.
--------prep. phrase-------
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple declarative sentence
This is tricky. In this sentence GREW is a linking verb. It is not action: the mason is not growing anything, he is just getting bored. TO GROW is often a linking verb.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
The gang of thieves makes him an offer.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
The gang of thieves makes him an offer.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. n. prep. n. v. pron. adj. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
The gang of thieves makes him an offer.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. n. prep. n. v. pron. adj. n.
subj. AVP I.O. D.O.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
The gang of thieves makes him an offer.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. n. prep. n. v. pron. adj. n.
subj. AVP I.O. D.O.
-----prep. phrase----
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
The gang of thieves makes him an offer.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. n. prep. n. v. pron. adj. n.
subj. AVP I.O. D.O.
-----prep. phrase----
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple declarative sentence
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
The gang of thieves makes him an offer.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. n. prep. n. v. pron. adj. n.
subj. AVP I.O. D.O.
-----prep. phrase----
---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------- simple declarative sentence
The verb MAKES agrees with the subject GANG, not with the noun beside it.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
When the ship hit the rock, Max was afraid.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
When the ship hit the rock, Max was afraid.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
conj. adj. n. v. adj. n. n. v. adj.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
When the ship hit the rock, Max was afraid.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
conj. adj. n. v. adj. n. n. v. adj.
subj. AVP D.O. subj. LVP S.C.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
When the ship hit the rock, Max was afraid.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
conj. adj. n. v. adj. n. n. v. adj.
subj. AVP D.O. subj. LVP S.C.
no phrase
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
When the ship hit the rock, Max was afraid.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
conj. adj. n. v. adj. n. n. v. adj.
subj. AVP D.O. subj. LVP S.C.
no phrase
---------------------dependent clause-------------------- ------independent clause------ a D,I complex declarative sentence
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
When the ship hit the rock, Max was afraid.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
conj. adj. n. v. adj. n. n. v. adj.
subj. AVP D.O. subj. LVP S.C.
no phrase
---------------------dependent clause-------------------- ------independent clause------ a D,I complex declarative sentence
The comma is required when the dependent clause comes first. D,I expresses the punctuation rule. Note that each clause has its own subject and simple predicate.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
Scrubbing the deck, James was a good sailor.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
Scrubbing the deck, James was a good sailor.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. n. v. adj. adj. n.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
Scrubbing the deck, James was a good sailor.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. n. v. adj. adj. n.
subj. LVP S.C.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
Scrubbing the deck, James was a good sailor.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. n. v. adj. adj. n.
subj. LVP S.C.
--------participial phrase--------
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
Scrubbing the deck, James was a good sailor.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. n. v. adj. adj. n.
subj. LVP S.C.
--------participial phrase--------
---------------------------------------------independent clause---------------------------------- a simple declarative sentence
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
Scrubbing the deck, James was a good sailor.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. n. v. adj. adj. n.
subj. LVP S.C.
--------participial phrase--------
---------------------------------------------independent clause---------------------------------- a simple declarative sentence
This is a classic introductory participial phrase, modifying the subject, and set off by a comma. The phrase is part of the clause--is inside the clause.
Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press
Wednesday, August 17, 11
-
Scrubbing the deck, James was a good sailor.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
adj. adj. n. n. v. adj. adj. n.
subj. LVP S.C.
--------participial phrase--------
---------------------------------------------independent clause----------------------------------