Foundation Systems. Standard ACT-ADDI-6 Students will prepare foundation plans. ◦ Explain the...
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Transcript of Foundation Systems. Standard ACT-ADDI-6 Students will prepare foundation plans. ◦ Explain the...
Foundation SystemsFoundation Systems
StandardStandardACT-ADDI-6 Students will prepare
foundation plans.◦Explain the purpose of foundation
plans.◦Identify different foundation systems
and terminology.◦Draw and dimension foundation
plans.
PurposePurposeTo provide a base to distribute the
weight of the structure onto the soilIt must be evenly distributed over a
large enough area to prevent compression of the soil
Must resist floods, winds, and earthquakes◦Floods can wash away supporting soil◦Wind pushes against houses, pushing them
up◦Must move with the ground in an earthquake
Soil ConsiderationsSoil ConsiderationsBearing capacity of soil must be
known before foundation can be designed◦Bearing capacity: amount of weight a
square foot of soil can supportFreezing – foundation should be built
below freezing level◦In Georgia – under 10”◦In Minnesota – up to 100”!
Water content – soil will expand and contract with water
Types of FoundationsTypes of FoundationsPilingsContinuous (Spread) FoundationsGrade Beam
Piling Foundation SystemPiling Foundation SystemUses beams placed between
vertical supports (piling) to support structural loads◦When structural load exceeds
bearing capacity of soil◦Used on steep hillsides◦Site subject to flooding
Continuous FoundationContinuous FoundationMost common in residential constructionConsists of a footing and wall
◦Footing: base of the foundation system; made of poured concrete◦Footing can be bonded to the foundation wall with a key or with steel
Grade Beam FoundationGrade Beam FoundationProvides added support
◦Grade beam is placed under the soil below the stem wall and spans between stable supports
Fireplace FootingFireplace FootingMasonry fireplace will need to be supported by a
footing12” deep footing that extends 6” past the fireplace on
each side
Veneer FootingsVeneer FootingsAn extension of the footing and must be
wide enough to provide support for the veneer
Foundation WallFoundation WallVertical wall that extends from
the footing to the first floorCentered on the footing to help
evenly spread the loadHeight of the wall must extend 6”
above the ground
Retaining/Basement WallRetaining/Basement WallWalls that extend full height
between the basement floor and main floor level
Basement walls made of poured concrete or concrete blocks (or wood, depending on the building trends of your area)
Used on sloped lots
Interior SupportsInterior SupportsSpot footings – also known as piers –
match the depth of footings
PedestalsPedestalsA column built on top of a footingUsed when upper soils are unstable
Metal ConnectorsMetal ConnectorsUsed to anchor the house to the
foundation
On Grade FoundationsOn Grade FoundationsSlab