Fortuna - julio 2014

7/21/2019 Fortuna - julio 2014

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IMGEAJCHJ4"MG ECEGA O MU^ MPICJHNA? \MJNP NCJMPA EAJ A^PA KA@CMPJ

MUEPC@MJ

U^CKGC^TNMRH@GA@PANMPUAFJLMPPMPMUPAIMPALPHKHIAPHSHPH]DAT]EFA\CEOCMGCTAJNAPMH^ALAJ^

MU^CGA4]J FA^MG @A]^CX]MEAJ MUMJECH EMJ^MJHPCH

@PHUCG 028>4IENAJHGNU S]J IHPOM^CJK RHPH KHJHP

ICGHKPAU @PC^A4 JMKAELHICGCH S ^CMIRA GC@PM

LCJHJTHURMPUAJHGMU

U^CKGC^TNMRH@GALPHKHI]ATNHTFMPIMGALPHEEFCHMGCTAJNANCU^LHJAEMGHJAKIMTPANPK]MTI]AT

CUUJ 8


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RPMICAULAP^]JH

028>

RPMICAULAP^]JH

028>

Ms tcmipa nm vagvmr h prmichrh ghs eaiphhs qum

ermhj rcqumzh y kmjmrhjmipgma mj gh Hrkmjtcjh

Uu miprmsh, qum ermm m cjvcmrtmmj mg phs, ja pumnm nmdhr nm msthr

prmsmjtm mj gh mncecj mspmechgnm hkasta, qum pu`gcehr ghs tmrjhs

phrh gas Rrmicas Lartujh.

Ru`gcectm mj Lartujh,gh imdar rmvcsth nm meajaihy jmkaecas nm gh Hrkmjtcjh.

Mdmeutcvh nm Ru`gcecnhn4 Jhthgch Rghzc`ht - ^mg.4 >5>8-3>


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Uuihrca

< LAP^]JH

tcmipas nm cjemrtcnui`rmmeajiceh y pagtceh.

>2 Mnuhrna Eurch4 Mg lhgga jas

scth mj uj rmtm laricnh`gmMg hjgcscs nmg meajaicsthh phrtcr nmg lhgga nmg dumz

UCUMGMU, NM LPMMGHJEMPU.EAI, MVRGCEH EIAARMPH MUH RGH HLAPIH Rkcjh. ;0

8> Ehrgas Imgeajchj \mjnr ncjmra eaj atrh hnicjcstrhecj

Mg meajaicsth nh su vcscjnm gh hetuhgcnhn hrkmjtcjh.Nmunh mxtmrjh, cjffhecj yjcvmg nm hetcvcnhn.

02 Umnuecmjna h gas ehpcthgms efcjas

Ercstcjh Ocrefjmr usehrmvmrtcr mg nect eaimrechg

y hjeghr is cjvmrscajms nmgkckhjtm hsctcea mj mg phs.

00 Darkm \hseajemgas4 ]jhmeajaih vugjmrh`gm

Rar qu ja eajvcmjm tmjshrnmihschna gh eumrnh. Ghshgtmrjhtcvhs phrh mg phs.

>5 Nhjcmg Ihrx4 Larthgmzhs ynm`cgcnhnms nm gh HrkmjtcjhEia sartmhr ghs ciparthjtmsnclmrmjechs mjtrm ghs phrtmscipgcehnhs.

>> Mg Ka`cmrja hjhgczh uj`aja phtrctceaEia ms mg `aja qum mictcrhmg ocrefjmrcsia sc ja eajsc-kum erncta cjtmrjhecajhg.

>< ]jh cjmsth`gm trmkuh jhjecmrh Ghs imncnhs aechgms gakrh

raj ujh lrkcg phx ehi`chrch.Ghs cjeajscstmjechs mjtrm mgrmghta y gas fmefas.

=0 Duhj Ehrgas Nm Rh`ga Imh eugph miprmshrca, mg

ehrra nmghjtm nmg eh`hgga.

=> Pasmjna Lrhkh ]jh vmth jhecajhgcsth qum jascipcnm smr a`dmtcvas.

=


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LAP^]JH ;

mstunchjtms y pmrcancsths.

; Mg tcmipa nm atra tcmipaIanmgas nm atrh paeh qumhetuhgimjtm guemj mj ghsiumehs ihseugcjhs.

826 Icghkras @rcta Mjtrm gh nmshrragghnarh \cza-

rh, sus fa``cms y su lhicgch.

6 Ehrth

82 Rhjarhih

=2 Ada par Ada

820 Miprmshs y Rrathkajcsths

852 Rmjshicmjtas

Umeecajms

Mnuehecj

^mejagakh

Mstcga

^cmipa Gc`rm

Pmgadms

GH \CKMJECH NMG PMU^H]PHJ^M NMG RGHTHFA^MG, MG IU HJ^CK]A NMG RHU Rkcjh 3>

Pmeursas Fuihjas

GH P]PHG S ]JHKMU^CJ NMMVRAP^HECJ Rkcjh


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Ehrthh

ggmetar

6 LAP^]JH

www.pmrlcg.eai.hr

Hsaechecj Hrkmjtcjh

nm Mnctarms nm Pmvcsth

Hsaechecj nm Mjtcnhnms

Rmrcncstcehs Hrkmjtcjhs

Lmnmrhecj

Cjtmrjhecajhg nm gh

Rrmjsh Rmrcnceh

Rrmscnmjech4 Darkm Lajtmvmeefch.

Ncrmetar Rmrcanstcea4 Kusthva Kajzgmz.

Ncrmetar nm Apmrhecajms4 Duhj I. Earnaj.

Ncrmetar Eaimrechg4 Ehrgas Msea`hr.

Ncrmetar nm mejagakh4Fetar @chjefc.

Ncrmetar Cjnustrchg4 Das H. Kimz.

Ncrmetar Durncea4Gucs H. Iarmttc.

Ncrmetar Rmrlcg @rhscg4 Mnkhrna Ihrtagca.

HPMH NM PM\CU^HU MURMECHGCTHNHU

Mnctar Rmrcanstcea4 Dhvcmr Ihjms.

Mnctar Mdmeutcva4 Emlmrcja Pmhta.

Mnctar Dmlm4 Ihrca Panrkumz Iuaz.

Uu`mnctar4 Eghunca Emghja Kimz.

Ncsmhnarh4 Ucgvhjh Uciajm.

Ncrmetar nm Cikmjms4Ehrgas Gujkfc.

Latakrhlas4 Ucgvch @arnajc, Eshr Ehsea, Ihremga Nu`cjc,

Ihremga Msehyagh, Duhj Lmrrhrc, Mnuhrna Kcijmz, Puny

Fhjho, Mnuhrna Gmrom, Aethvca Ihjecjc, Jar`mrta Imgajm,

Hglrmna Jhrncjc, Rh`ga Rumjtm, Hjnrs Umttmphjc, Das

âgaimc, Ercstchj [mgeaiim, Pcehrna Imromg.

Kmrmjtm nm Hunctarhs4 Nr. Farheca Gmajm.

Kmrmjtm nm Pmeursas Fuihjas4 Ihremga Ehphjnmkuy.

Kmrmjtm nm Ecreughecj4 Hnrchj @hnmckts.

Kmrmjtm nm Eaiujcehecj4 Hjtajca @hrrmcra.

Dmlm Umrvcecas Krhlceas4 Darkm P. Panrkumz.

Dmlm nm Imncas4 Duhj Ihjscggh.

Ghs mxprmscajms m cnmhs nm gas eaguijcsths

ja rmlgmdhj jmemshrchimjtm gh apcjcj nm gh rmvcsth.

Pmnheecj4 Ehgclarjch 0;8=. Rcsa 8 (E8063H@C)

Ehpcthg Lmnmrhg, Pmp`gceh Hrkmjtcjh.^mg.4(=>-88) >523-5022. Lhx4 (=>-88) >523-50=3

Ncstrcùcnar mj cjtmrcar y mxtmrcar4

MNCÂPCHG RMPLCG U.H. NC\CUCJ ECPE]GHECJ,

Efhehùea 0;8, (E828-3222-Lhx4 (=>-88) >5>8-3232.

Mnctar Pmspajsh`gm4 Gucs jkmg Iarmttc.

Rrapcmthrca4 Mnctarchg Rmrlcg U.H.

Rrafc`cnh su rmpranueecj.

Hnfmrcnh h gh Hsaechecj Hrkmjtcjh nm Mnctarms nm

Pmvcsths. Icmi`ra nm gh Hsaechecj nm Mjtcnhnms

Rmrcanstcehs (HNMRH), nm gh Uaecmnhn Cjtmrhimrcehjh

nm Rrmjsh (UCR) y nm gh Ihkhzcjm Ru`gcsfmrs al

Himrceh (IRH).

Rrapcmnhn cjtmgmetuhg J =8833


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10/116

Rhj

arhih

Rranueta nm gasheumrnas hgehjzhnas mj

mg lrmjtm mxtmrja eaj mg

Echnc, mg Egu` nm Rhrs y

HJ^AJCA ^HDHJC, \CEMRPMUCNMJ^M NM GH ]M, MGAKC HG KA@CMPJA

M]PARH @]UEH CJ\MP^CP MJ GH HPKMJ^CJH

Ga qum ja sm pumnm jmkaechr ms mjtrmkhrgm gh Rhtrch h gas `uctrmsErcstcjh Lmrjjnmz nm Ocrefjmr,prmscnmjth nm gh Jhecj.

Pmpsag, mj gh prcimrh

qucjemjh nm dujca ggmk hg

phs mg vcemprmscnmjtm nm gh

]jcj Murapmh, Hjtajca

hdhjc, qucmj nmshrragg mj

gh Hrkmjtcjh ujh hkmjnh

eaj ihrehnh

prmpajnmrhjech fhech ghs

cjvmrscajms mj ncvmrsas

ru`ras, lujnhimjthgimjtm

mj gh rhih cjnustrchg. Mg

lujecajhrca, qum hrrc` h

Mg Iujnchg nm @rhscg

028> gakr uj jumva

rmearn phrh gh rmn saechg

]J KAG X]M UM FCTA UAECHG

IMUUC, PMS MJ ^[C^^MP

^wcttmr. Aeurrc krh-

echs h ghs kmjchgcnhnms

nm Gcajmg Imssc, yh qum

su kag lrmjtm h @asjch

mj mg phrtcna cjhukurhg

l u m f h s t h m g

iaimjta mg qum

is tucts fh

kmjmrhna mj thj

sga uj icjuta,

smkj cjlari gh

rmn saechg. Gh Rugkh

nmsht hpraxcihnhimj-

tm ujas 05


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Ja fhy gukhr phrh ujh nmvhguhecj lumrtm,Ickumg Ockumg, meajaicsth.

@umjas Hcrms heaiphhna

par 0> miprmshrcas nmg

\cmda Eajtcjmjtm, sm

mjehrk nm nmsthehr mg

ehi`ca nm rui`a nhna par

mg Ka`cmrja mj ihtmrch

cjtmrjhecajhg. "Hfarh mg

imjshdm ms nm smkurcnhn

durnceh nmsnm Hrkmjtcjh.

ana ms jumva", mjlhtcz.

hdhjc, nurhjtm su `rmvm

mjeumjtra eaj gh prmjsh,

su`rhy qum trhs gas

heumrnas eaimrechgms eaj

Pmpsag y mg Egu` nm Rhrs,

LA^AU4EMNAE

RMPLCG

sm h`rcmraj

ujh pumrth y

ujh vmjthjh

phrh qum

nmsmi`hrqumj ehpcthgms

murapmas mj gh Hrkmjtcjh.

"Rhrh

jasatras ga

is

ciparthjtm ms gh

smkurcnhn durnceh",

mxprms hg rhtclcehr qum mg

ehsa nm gh mxprapchecj

nm gh miprmsh mjmrktceh

msphagh Pmpsag yh ms

"phshna".

Pmtraemnc mg R@C mj

mg prcimr trcimstrm

nmg ha.

2,0%

Gh cjlghecj nm ihya.

Icggajms, mg nlcect nm

eumjth earrcmjtm nmg

prcimr trcimstrm.

8,>%

u$s5.52>EHI@CA.^hdhjc, nm

gh ]M, vm uj ehi`ca

pasctcva mj mg phs.


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Rhj

arhih

80 LAP^]JH

GCAJMGIMUUC,EHRC^JS82 NMGH

UMGMEECJHPKMJ^CJH.

Um eajsagcnh

eaia lckurh

iujnchg.

the qum Rravcjech Jmt,

gh miprmsh nm tmejaga-

kh nmg fagncjk qum

mjeh`mzh, rmec`c gh emr-

tclcehecj ^CMP CC nm su

emjtra nm praemshicmj-

ta nm nhtas, nmsnm najnm

sm eajtragh mg dum ka

y gh gatmrh nm gh pravcj-

ech.

Mg prmscnmjtm nmg KrupaRravcjech, Uhjtchka

Iajtayh, hlcri qum

gas qum saj hncetas hg

wcocgmhos sm iumrmj nm

fhi`rm eaj Uecagc par-

qum ja fhem lhgth ùsehr

smermtas jc eashs qum

UHJ^CHKA IAJÂSH D]JÂ HG KA@MPJHNAP

UECAGC PMUCU^M HPEFC\AU

ncda par htrs. Mg luj-ecajhrca rmshgt qum gh

javmgh nm ghs trhjskrm-

scajms nm Uecagc im

tcmjm fhrta, hg tcmipa

qum hkrmk qum Nhjcmg

ms eajlch`gm y prmvcsc-

`gm. Rar atrh phrtm, nms-

Uc sm euipgcmrh gh smjtmjech, mg phs smrh mipudhna h uj nmlhugtHxmg Ocecggal, icjcstra nm Meajaih.

]JCNAU.Uhjtchka Iajtayh, prmscnmjtm nmg Krupa

Rravcjech, pujthg nm gh kmstcj nm Nhjcmg Uecagc.

LCDHPAJ ^MEFA RHPH GHU ^HUHU NM CJ^MPU

Mg @hjea Emjtrhg ncspusa

pajmr uj tmefa h ghs

thshs nm cjtmrs nm gas

prsthias pmrsajhgms y

phrh gh eaiprh nm

hutaiatarms, hnmis nm

rmkghimjthr jumvhs

ncspascecajms rmspmeta hg

ea`ra nm ghs eaicscajms y

ehrkas qum pmrec`mj gas

`hjeas sa`rm gas pranuetas

qum vmjnmj. Um msth`gmec

uj tcpa nm cjtmrs qum

asecghr mj uj rhjka mjtrm mg

55,6% y >6,0% hjuhg mj

pmsas, ujh jatarch

ncsicjuecj rmspmeta nm ghs

hetuhgms thshs. Nm fmefa,

msth ncspascecj qum yh mrh

eajaecnh mj ghs prcjecphgms

mjtcnhnms lcjhjecmrhs, kmjmr

iuefa ihgmsthr. Ga ecmrta ms

qum hgkujhs thrdmths nm

erncta ggmkh`hj h ea`rhr uj

62% par mg shgna ja hàjhna.

Rmsm h qum gh imncnh

Pmtrhtas

D]HJEHPGAUCNM@AP@JPMSUHGCMJ^M

MJMURHH

H`nce parpra`gmihs

duncechgms.

AUECGHP MJ^PM MG 55,6 S MG >6,0% HJ]HG MJ RMUAU

PMKGHU.Ghs imncnhs

nmg @EPH ùsehj

iatcvhr mg eajsuia.

himjhz eaj nmshgmjthr mg

jmkaeca hjehrca,

lcjhgimjtm ja tuva ihyar

cipheta, ga qum sm

eaipra` eaj gh umjh

ihrefh nm gas phpmgms nm

ghs mjtcnhnms lcjhjecmrhs

mj gh @agsh nm Eaimreca.


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8> LAP^]JH

g phsa nmg tcmipa fh rmearth-na fhsth fhemr nmshphrmemrgas ckatms qum saghj ehrhe-

tmrczhr mg rastra nm Ehrgas Imgea-jchj. Rmra mg hgihjhqum ja vcaehi`chr jc uj pcem sus cnmhs nmimrehna y ujh crrmnuetc`gm apasc-ecj hg ianmga aechg, qum sastuvahj mj imnca nm ga qum g gghih mgdagkarca nm gh sadh. ^hj ms hs qumfhsth sm eajscnmrh uj Gghjmrasagcthrca hg iaimjta nm nmecr qumjhnh nm ga qum aeurrm eaj gh nmunhmxtmrjh ga sarprmjnm, qum g yh ga

fh`h prmvcsta euhjna iuefas lms-tmdh`hj mg nmsmjnmunhicmjta.

Hfarh qum phgpcth mg jhg nmgecega nmg ianmga ocefjmrcsth, ncemqum mstas nas gtcias has nm erm-ecmjtm nect sehg, empa ehi`ch-rca, rhiphjtm cjffhecj y ehnh nmgh hetcvcnhn saj tcgms phrh qucthr-gm gh isehrh hg Ka`cmrja trhs isnm ujh nehnh nm kmstcj. Hgka hseaia gh vmrscj gc`mrhg nmg euhjtapmar, imdar, qum sumgm mjshyhr ghmxtrmih czqucmrnh.LAP^]JH4 Xu gmeturh fhem nm

gh sctuhecj mj tarja h gh nmunhmj nmlhugt1IMGEAJCHJ4Ja fhka jcjkujh

gmeturh jumvh, jc nm gh iheramea-jaih qum msth`h vckmjtm hjtmsnm mstm pra`gmih, jc nmg pra`gmih.Ja fu`a jcjkujh sarprmsh. Nmgh nmunh ja fhy sarprmsh parqummj mg ha 022=, sa`rm uj tmih te-jcea iuy eaipgmda, gh imzegh nmHrkmjtcjh nmdhjna eajtcjuhr mgduceca tana ga qum fhkh lhgth, is

M

Pmparthdm

Mg meajaicsth nh su vcscj nm gh hetuhgcnhn hrkmjtcjh. Nmunh mxtmrjh,

cjffhecj y jcvmg nm hetcvcnhn. Mst tmricjhna mg ianmga O, hsmkurh.

\mjnr ncjmra eaj

atrh hnicjcstrhecj

EHPGAU IMGEAJCHJ

LA^AU4AE^H\CAI

HJECJC


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gh egusugh P]LA, mrh mxpgascvh.Mstm gghjmra sagcthrca qum mstfh`ghjna ncda msa scmiprm.LAP^]JH4Lcjhgimjtm, trhs gh

nmecscj nm gh Eartm Uuprmih,sm pghsi mg imjas mspmrhna nmgas trms msemjhrcas pasc`gms.IMGEAJCHJ4Ga qum phsh ms qum

pmjshr sa`rm ga qum vh h nmecr ghEartm Uuprmih nm atra phs, scj sc-qucmrh eajaemr su eugturh... Rarqummg rmspmta h gh prapcmnhn prcvhnhqum tcmjmj gas himrcehjas ms nch-imtrhgimjtm apumsta hg rmspmta hgqum tmjmias gas hrkmjtcjas. H gasuia fhy qum taihr gh hetctun qumtai ya y nmecr ja s. Rmra eaia hgh kmjtm gm eumsth nmecr ja s, mi-pcmzhj h apcjhr sa`rm Crj, A`hih,mg hiceus.LAP^]JH4Eia rmspajnmr gh

iherameajaih1IMGEAJCHJ4Gh iherameajaih

hjtms nm msta msth`h eaj prncnhnm rmsmrvhs, cjffhecj y nect s-ehg. Jcjkujh sarprmsh. Jc rmemscjeaj cjffhecj jc tana ga hjtmrcarmrh ujh sarprmsh. Mrh mg `ghjqumanm gas nms`hghjems qum sm prajuj-echraj nmsnm mg 0226 h fay. Rmra mj

rmhgcnhn sm vcmjm nhjna nmsnm mg ea-icmjza nm mstm prakrhih. Ja fhynclmrmjech, msta nm qum Ocrefjmr yGhvhkjh mrhj imdarms. Ga qum phshms qum ja sm jath`h parqum gh sadhy gh nmihjnh nm ncjmra dukh`hj hlhvar. Ms gh jceh nclmrmjech mjtrmOcrefjmr-Ghvhkjh y msta. Mg rmsta

ms tana ga icsia, par msa ja fhysarprmshs. Jc mj gh ihera, qum mjmjmra sm `ghjqum, jc mj gh nmunh,qum mj dujca sm ghjqum.LAP^]JH4Eia vm mg ehicja

rmhgczhna mj mg lrmjtm mxtmrja,mg hrrmkga mj mg Echnc, Pmpsag ymg Egu` nm Rhrs1IMGEAJCHJ4Ms mg ehicja nm gh

hsxch. Mg ehicja smkucna ja parvagujthn pagtceh y eajvceecj scjapar jmemscnhn. Rar qu1 Pmsthjphkhr nm he fhsth qum sm vhyh mstmKa`cmrja u$s 8=.222 icggajms, prm-vca h Krcmsh. Rmra sm ncmraj eumj-th nm qum mg ehicja nm gh taih nmg@hjea Emjtrhg y sus rmsmrvhs thi-paea hgehjzh`h. Imtcmraj eaiaIasthzh Imrga, euhtra nmghjtmrasmj gas gtcias ncmz icjutas, phrhvmr sc nh`hj vumgth mg phrtcna. Smj mg imnca hphrmec msta. Mj ujeajtrhkagpm Krcmsh gh eghv.LAP^]JH4Mg tmih nm gh nmunh

ciphethr mj mg jcvmg nm gh hetc-vcnhn meajiceh1IMGEAJCHJ4U, sm ncght tana uj

trcimstrm. Hrkmjtcjh vmjh eaj ujpra`gmih najnm mj mg prcimr trc-

imstrm sm `ghjqum mg tmih ehi-`chrca, mj mg smkujna fu`a ujhaxckmjhecj imncaerm qum lum pmarnm ga qum pmjs`hias mj tricjasnm rmehunhecj y imrehna ehi-`chrca? gumka vmjh uj trcimstrmkrcs, mg tmremra? y tmjhs qum msthrrmec`cmjna pghth nm hlumrh mj mgeuhrta trcimstrm phrh phshr `cmjmg vmrhja, parqum scja `hias hvagvmr hg mjmra nm L`rmkh. Hs vm-jhias, pmra hfarh msthrmias trmsimsms a ga qum smh phrh saguecajhrmg pra`gmih nm gh nmunh. ana phrh

LAP^]JH 8=

Mg jumva ka`cmrja qumhsuih h jms nm

028= ja pumnm pmrnmruj ha phrh hrrmkghr

ghs eashs.

Gas ehjncnhtas tcmjmj qumnmecrgm h gh kmjtm qum msta

tcmjm hrrmkga pmra qum mstasnmshrrmkgas saj su`pranuetas

nm gas qum sm vhj.

GGHJMPA UAGC^HPCA.Hs smeajscnmrh Ehrgas Imgeajchj hg

nmecr qum jhnh nm ga qum aeurrm

eaj gh nmunh mxtmrjh ga sarprmjnm.


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vmr euj rpcna sm pumnm vagvmr h

gh ruth y eajsmkucr pghth.LAP^]JH4Fhy a`dmtcvas qum

saj tmjthnarms phrh gas cjvmr-sarms, eaia mg patmjechg nm \hehIumrth. Mstm euhnra pumnm ms-phjthr h gas ehpcthgms1IMGEAJCHJ4Msphjthr ja, pmra

mstm phs ms iuy eaipgcehna. Msavh h cr trhjqucga y iuefa ncjmravmjnr sa`rm rmkghs nm atrh hnic-jcstrhecj. Mstm Ka`cmrja hfarhqucmrm miphrefhr SRL, gh rmghecjeaj gas ka`mrjhnarms, ujh jumvhgmy nm fcnraehr`uras. Mj tana msta

vh h tmjmr qum fh`ghr gh cjstctueca-jhgcnhn par ncmz a vmcjtm has.LAP^]JH4Xu pmrg nm`m tm-

jmr mg jumva ka`cmrja1IMGEAJCHJ4]j pmrg najnm tana

msta tmjnr qum msthr hvhghna pargas qum vcmjmj. Gh Hrkmjtcjh mstqumrcmjna rmsagvmr eumstcajmsqum hlmethj h ghs prxcihs kmjm-rhecajms, hpurhnas y gmvhjthjnagh ihja mj mg Eajkrmsa, y ja pumnmsmr hs. H mstm Ka`cmrja ga jcea

8% hg 0 y pcea, pmra ja ga-kr pmrlarhr mg 0%. Mg Ka`cmrja yh

Pmparthdm

\CUCJ.Imgeajchj eajscnmrh qum Ocrefjmr rmec`c nm

Nufhgnm ujh meajaih mj vspmrhs nm arnmjhicmjta y

qum mspmrh qum gh hnicjcstrhecj O tmricjm nm gh imdar

ihjmrh pasc`gm pmra scj gatmhr \heh Iumrth. Hnmis,

hsmkurh qum gh tmremrh vh h ga ^ajy @ghcr a Icefmggm

@hefmgmt (lata) ms pasc`gm mj gh Hrkmjtcjh.

Gh hnicjcstrhecj O japumnm mjtrmkhrgm hg qumvcmjm gh ihyar prmscjcipasctcvh nm gh fcstarch

eaj nect sehg.


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18/116

fh hrihna ujh ehjhsth nm prmecaseucnhnas. Ga qum gh saecmnhn hr-

kmjtcjh vh y eaiprh h j nm imsja ms prmecas eucnhnas, ja vma qumgh kmjtm nckh qum sc ja fhy pranue-tas nm gh gcsth, ja eaiprh.LAP^]JH4Gh hetcvcnhn meaj-

iceh smkucr pghjefhnh1IMGEAJCHJ4Ms qum mg rmsurkc-

icmjta nm gh hetcvcnhn sm nh euhj-na gas lhetarms qum gh fcecmraj ehmrsm rmeaipajmj. He lum gh pagtcehmeajiceh gaehg, eaj prncnh nmrmsmrvhs, cjffhecj y nect sehg,gh qum tmricj `ghjqumhjna ghmsthjffhecj. Hfarh shgcr nm gh ms-thjffhecj a`gckh h rmeaipajmr ghpagtceh meajiceh.LAP^]JH4Um pumnm `hdhr mg

khsta p`gcea krhnuhgimjtm,scj hpmghr hg hdustm smvmra1IMGEAJCHJ4Ms phrtm nm gh im-

darh nm gas prmecas rmghtcvas. Gatcmjm qum hrrmkghr mstm Ka`cmrja,

ja pumnm mjtrmkhrgm hg qum vcmjmgh ihyar prmscj cipasctcvh nm ghfcstarch eaj nect sehg.LAP^]JH4Ucj mi`hrka, ms mg

msemjhrca is pra`h`gm.IMGEAJCHJ4Gas ehjncnhtas tcm-

jmj qum nmecrgm h gh kmjtm qum mstatcmjm hrrmkga. Rmra rmpcqumtmhr qum

mstas nmshrrmkgas saj su`pranue-tas nm gas qum sm vhj.LAP^]JH4Ga nm gh fmrmjech yh

ms uj ncseursa khsthna. Ga sh-ehj h rmguecr tanas gas prmscnmj-tms jc `cmj hsuimj.IMGEAJCHJ4Nmsnm Hglajsj,

parqum g nmd fmrmjech, pmra thi-`cj gh rmec`c. Eaj Imjmi phs gaicsia, y Nm Gh Ph, ga icsia. Mgjcea qum rmec`c gh meajaih mjvspmrhs nm arnmjhicmjta lum Ocr-

86LAP^]JH

Pmparthdm

efjmr. Ja parqum Nufhgnm msth`hscmjna kmjtcg. Ncda4 phku mg khstapagtcea, arnmja, gghia h mgmeecajmsy khj. Rmra mj mg imnca aeurrc ganm Oastmoc y Uhjtcggj y sm tuva qumcr. Mjtajems msm rmarnmjhicmjta nmgas imgajms mj gh ehdh nmg ehicjsm ga nmd h Ocrefjmr.

LAP^]JH4Euhgqucmr atra fu-`cmrh pancna gakrhr gh rmeupmrh-ecj meajiceh qum sm pghsinmsnm 02251IMGEAJCHJ4Euhgqucmmmmmrh!

Ocrefjmr, uj pehra nm gh pagtceh,cjvmjt gh imzegh nm purkhtarcais nmrmefas fuihjas, y su`c.LAP^]JH4Eia smrh gh ^mrem-

rh \h h gh Hrkmjtcjh1 Rarqum ghnm ^ajy @ghcr thipaea lum ujhmxpmrcmjech iuy lmgcz.

IMGEAJCHJ4Gh mremrh \h h gh^ajy @ghcr nmdh mjsmhjzhs. hi-`cj ga panrh nmecr h ga Iudceh, hga Gugh a h ga @hefmgmt. Ms trh`hdhrmj pas nmg `cmjmsthr kmjmrhg y mg`cmj eaij. Rmra ja sa`rm gh hsmnmg egcmjtmgcsia, scja sa`rm gh `hsmnm qum h gh kmjtm gm vhyh cmj.

LAP^]JH4Nh par tmricjhnh ghkmstcj O mj ncecmi`rm nmg haprxcia1IMGEAJCHJ4Mst tmricjhna mg

ecega nmg ianmga O, y qumnh tanh-vh atra mxtrharncjhrca ha parvmjcr phrh tmricjhr nm mrrhncehrgaeaipgmthimjtm nmsnm ga cnmagkcea.Eaia ja tcmjmj is jhnh phrh nhr,sm smeh gh jhrhjdh.

K]U^H\AKHPEH

Mg rmspmta h gh prapcmnhnprcvhnh qum tcmjmj gasjartmhimrcehjas ms

nchimtrhgimjtm apumsta hgqum tmjmias gas hrkmjtcjas.

MJ EAJ^PH.Imgeajchj sastcmjm

qum nmsnm mg prcimr nh ms uj

lmrvcmjtm apasctar hg ianmga pagtcea y

meajicea nm gas O.


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20/116

GCNMPHTKA.Vc Dcjpcjk y su

mspash, Rmjk

Gcyuhj, qum ms

ehjthjtm. Mg

prmscnmjtm ms fcda

nm uj fram nm gh

rmvaguecj efcjh.


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Meajaih

Uc mg tcmipams ecreu-ghr, eaia

prapajh DarkmGucs @arkms,mjtajems mg Ka-`cmrja tmjnrgh apartujcnhn

nm rmncicrsm nm uj mrrar pagtceaeaj mjarims eajsmeumjechs mea-jicehs. Ncmz has nmspus nm gh

nmshpravmefhnh vcscth nm uj prm-scnmjtm nm Efcjh h gh Hrkmjtcjh,Ercstcjh Lmrjjnmz rmec`cr hgihjnhthrca nmg kckhjtm hsctcea, VcDcjpcjk, eaj eghrh cjtmjecj nm su-ihr ncvcshs y hjeghr cjvmrscajms.

Msth vmz phrmem qum mg trmj phshnas vmems phrh mg ocrefjmrcsia.]jh nehnh htrs, mj 022>, JstarOcrefjmr, mjtajems dmlm nm Msthna,alcec nm hjlctrcj phrh gh ggmkh-nh nm su phr Fu Dcjtha, eaj qucmjri eajvmjcas qum praimthj mghrrc`a nm u$s 02.222 icggajms. Nm

msa, paea y jhnh sm fh vcsta, y fhyqucmjms hrihj qum gh rhzj prcj-ecphg fh`rh scna ecmrta nmstrhtafhech mg ihjnhthrca.

Ga ecmrta ms qum Vc Dcjpcjk ggmkh-r h @umjas Hcrms mg 83 nm mstm ims,gumka nm phrtcecphr mj gh Eui`rmnm gas @PCEU, qum tmjnr gukhr mjLarthgmzh, @rhscg. Rmrihjmemrhpmjhs uj nh y imnca mj mg phs,mxckua tcmipa nurhjtm mg euhg mgKa`cmrja nm`mr hemjtuhr sus

dumkas nm smnueecj, eajvmjemrganmjctcvhimjtm nm qum Hrkmjtcjhpumnm smr hgka is qum uj pravmm-nar nm eaiianctcms.

Rar ga prajta, gh Ehsh Pashnhmjshyhr ujh mstrhtmkch nm pcjzhsnmstcjhnh h a`tmjmr mlmetas eajerm-tas h earta y imnchja pghza. Eaiams sh`cna, mg iatcva prcjecphg nm ghvcscth nm Vc ms nhrgm ihrea larihgh gh cjvmrscj qum su phs fhr mjgh eajstrueecj nm ghs rmprmshs

shjtheruemhs Jstar Ocrefjmry Darkm Empmrjce, y h gh ianmrjc-zhecj nmg @mgkrhja Ehrkhs. anamsta cipgcehr mg hpartm tathg nm u$s


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Meajaih

00LAP^]JH

ras `hda msth imtanagakh fhstheaipgmthr u$s 5.322 icggajms nmgtathg nm u$s >.;22 qum eumsth gh a`rhfnrceh. Mg rmsta sm utcgczhr phrheaiprhr ghs tur`cjhs mj Efcjh.KCKHJ^M. Gh vcscth nm Vc Dcjpcjk

tcmjm ujh mjarim ciparthjech.Efcjh sm eajvcrtc mj gh prcimrh

meajaih nmg iujna, icmjtrhsqum ms uj phs gnmr mj gh mslmrhpagtceh, dujta eaj gas Msthnas ]jc-nas, mxpgceh Darkm Ehstra, hjhgcsthcjtmrjhecajhg, h LAP^]JH.

Rhrh tmjmr ujh ncimjscj rmhgnm ga qum ms mg Kckhjtm hsctcea,vhgm nmecr qum mj mg eaimreca cjtmr-jhecajhg, suihjna mxparthecajmsm ciparthecajms, supmrhr h Msth-nas ]jcnas mj 0202. A eaia `cmjkrhlceh Ehstra4 Fhy 830 phsmsicmi`ras nm ghs Jhecajms ]jcnhsmj mg iujna, y Efcjh ms saeca nm8>>.

Mg prcjecphg nmshla nmg Ka`cmrjaphsh hfarh par gakrhr mg nmsmi`hr-ea nm cjvmrscajms efcjhs mj mg phs,ehpcthgms qum eajstruyhj cjlrhms-trueturh, miprmshs qum kmjmrmjmipgma y ncjhicemj gh hetcvcnhn.Mj nmlcjctcvh, qum Rmoj ja smhsga uj umj egcmjtm nm msth sadh hprmecas rearn qum gu`rceh mg hph-rhta nm gh meajaih jhecajhg.

Umkj mg gtcia cjlarim nm gh

Eihrh Mxparthnarh nm gh Pm-p`gceh Hrkmjtcjh (EMPH), mj mgprcimr trcimstrm nmg ha ghs mx-parthecajms fhech Efcjh suihraju$s ;2 icggajms, icmjtrhs qum ghsciparthecajms tathgczhraj u$s ;=>

ar has mg miprmshrca Ehr-gas Uphnajm fh eaimrech-na eaj Efcjh. Mrh g qucmjtrhh h gas mxtceas her`h-

ths efcjas h gh Hrkmjtcjh, mjtrmatras mspmeteugas. Hfarh pajmsus efhs mj mg smetar vctcvcjeaghy nm gakstceh. Uh`m, eajlcmsh mgprmscnmjtm nm gh Eihrh nm Ea-imreca Hrkmjtcja-Efcjh, nmg trhtamspmechg qum gh eugturh arcmjthgrmqucmrm phrh pghsihr jmkaecas.Fh`gh nmg vhgar suprmia nm ghhicsthn y nm gh phecmjech.

LAP^]JH4Xu mxpmethtc-vhs tcmjm eaj gh vcscth nm Vc

Dcjpcjk1URHNAJM4Erma qum tmjmias qum

hpravmefhr msth vcscth nm ujh ih-jmrh iuy smrch y sh`mr trhthrgaseaia mggas qucmrmj. Euhjna vcjaFu Dcjtha mj 022> pmrncias gh apar-tujcnhn nm ga qum fcza mj Efcgm, ujtrhthna nm gc`rm eaimreca. HfarhEfcgm mxparth lruth y vcja eaj emranm hrhjemg.

LAP^]JH4Rar qu ncem qumpmrncias hqumggh apartujcnhn1

URHNAJM4Ja sm gm nca gh htmj-ecj qum Fu Dcjtha qumrh? ga nckaeaj ehush dustclcehnh, ga eajaehnmsnm fheh ncmz has. mjh ujh

R

EHPGAU URHNAJM, RPMUCNMJ^M NM GHEIHPH NM EAIMPECA HPKMJ^CJA-EFCJH

X]CJ MUVC DCJRCJK

Jhec mg 8= nm dujca nm 83=5 mjgh pravcjech emjtrhg nm Rmoj y

ms cjkmjcmra quicea, krhnuhna mjgh ]jcvmrscnhn nm scjkfuh, hnaj-nm thi`cj rmhgcz uj naetarhnamj tmarh ihrxcsth. Ms smermthrca

kmjmrhg nmg Eaict Emjtrhg nmgRhrtcna Eaiujcsth Efcja, prmsc-nmjtm nm gh Eaicscj Icgcthr Emjtrhgy, nmsnm mg nh 8> nm ihrza nm0285, prmscnmjtm nm gh Pmp`gcehRapughr Efcjh. Um ujc hg phrtcnamj 83;>, trhs smr rmefhzhna mjjumvm apartujcnhnms par a`dmeca-jms eajtrh su phnrm, mg vmtmrhjarmvaguecajhrca Vc Tfajkxuj, ujanm gas lujnhnarms nmg phrtcna.Umkj gh @@E, mg gnmr ms vcstaeaia ujh kurh pra imrehna,qum tcmjm eaia prcjecphg a`dmtcvamg rmjhecicmjta nm Efcjh, ga qumsmrh ckuhg h eajsagcnhrgh eaiapatmjech iujnchg. H gas 8= lummjvchna h trh`hdhr h ujh rmiathhgnmh rurhg, hnajnm pmrihjmec ;has, mxpmrcmjech qum ga ihre mjsu larihecj. Mst ehshna eaj ghehjthjtm Rmjk Gcyuhj, qum hnmisms kmjmrhg nmg Mdrecta. Hi`astcmjmj ujh fcdh, Vc Icjkzm, qucmjmstunch mj Fhrvhrn.

RMPLCG

NC\CUHU.Efcjh ms mg smkujna egcmjtmnm Hrkmjtcjh, qum, h su vmz, ms uj

ciparthnar ermecmjtm nm sus pranuetas.


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icggajms. Mg nect hrkmjtcja mj gh`hghjzh eaimrechg cghtmrhg lum nmu$s


24/116

Meajaih

eaiphhs efcjhs.CJ\MPUCJ. Gh rmianmghecj nmg

@mgkrhja Ehrkhs, gh rmn lmrravchrchqum h`hreh tana mg jartm y umjhphrtm nmg amstm nm gh Hrkmjtcjh tcm-jm uj a`dmtcva eghra phrh Efcjh4rmnuecr gas eastas y aptciczhr mgtcmipa nm gh shgcnh nm gas pranuetas

rui`a hg pumrta nm @umjas Hcrms.Gh vcscth nm Vc Dcjpcjk nhr mgpujthpc cjcechg h gh ggmkhnh nmu$s 0.233 icggajms, thi`cj jhj-echnas par mg EN@, qum prmsthr mgncjmra h ujh thsh nm ;,8%, y = hasnm pghza. Nm mstm iajta, u$s 8.05=icggajms sm nmstcjhrj h a`rhs, msnmecr qum smrj nghrms qum rmehgh-rj mj mg @hjea Emjtrhg, y mg rmstasm utcgczhr phrh eaiprhr vhkajmsy gaeaiatarhs nm arckmj efcja.

Mj mg JAH emgm`rhj gh cjcechtc-vh yh qum eajscnmrhj vcthg phrh ghmeajaih rmkcajhg eajthr eaj ujtrmj nm ehrkhs ianmrja qum thgmgas eastas nm gas ffmtms ehrrmtmras.Gh prmsmjech efcjh hgg sm nh lujnh-imjthgimjtm mj icjmrh, pmtrgmay, mj imjar imncnh, hkrceugturh.

Umkj nhtas nm gh eajsugtarhJahjaices, gh miprmsh pmtragmrhefcjh DFR Cjtmrjhtcajhg Rmtra-gmui Mjkcjmmrcjk fh cjvmrtcna u$s>> icggajms mj Uhgth y atras u$s 63icggajms mj Duduy. Rmra mspmrhjis, sa`rm tana phrh gh mxpgath-ecj nm gctca, icjmrhg eghvm phrh ghs`htmrhs nm gas tmglajas y ecmrtas

eaipajmjtms nm eaiputhnarhs.^hi`cj mj mg smetar nmg th`hea

fhj nmdhna su ciprajth h trhvs nmgh saecmnhn eaj gh rih dudmh EDIajtmrrcea UH, najnm cjvcrtcmraju$s 0 icggajms phrh gh eaiprh nmihqucjhrchs. Fhsth mg iaimjta

sm trhth ihyarimjtm nm miprmj-ncicmjtas nm ehretmr mxtrhetcva,

lhgth mg ehptuga nm gh cjlrhmstrue-turh, eaimjthj mj gh zajh.

Ms ecmrta qum gh prmsmjech nm Vcms ujh smhg eghrh nm qum Efcjhtcmjm ihrehna cjtmrs mj nmshrra-gghr miprmjncicmjtas mj mg phs.Fhy thi`cj sa`rhnhs cguscajms

nm qum hpartmj h gh mxpgathecjnmg yhecicmjta ja eajvmjecajhg nm

\heh Iumrth, ga qum sm pghsihrhh trhvs nm gh msththg EJAAE, sa-ech mj @rcnhs. Ckuhgimjtm, nmsnmgh mi`hdhnh hlcrihraj qum, parhfarh, sga nmsmi`agshrj gas u$s


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0


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tcjh fay tcmjm cjffhecj, sulrciasuj ihgkhsta iuy krhjnm qum mstscmjna jhjechna eaj micscj. Iceajeguscj ms qum mg arckmj nm gh cj-ffhecj ms uj pra`gmih nm hnicjcs-trhecj p`gceh. Mj atra iaimjta,gh ihgh hnicjcstrhecj p`gcehcipgce fpmr mjnmunhicmjta, yhjtms nm msa, fcpmrcjffhecj. Mj mgimnca, gas hrkmjtcjas nmsermiasthjta nm gh hnicjcstrhecj p`gcehqum mgmkcias tmjmr ncmz has nm

eajvmrtc`cgcnhn, mjtajems ja tuvc-ias pagtceh ehi`chrch, iajmthrchjc sehg. Fay panmias mjuimrhruj iajtj nm i`ctas mj gas qumtmjmias pra`gmihs4 cjsmkurcnhn,mnuehecj, cjlrhmstrueturh. Mg fcgaeajmetcva mjtrm mggas ms msth sumrtmnm nmsnj par gh hnicjcstrhecjp`gceh.

Fh`ghr nm gh ianmrjczhecj nmgMsthna, eajscnmr mg mx icjcstra,fh scna scmiprm uj mulmicsia

phrh rmlmrcrsm hg hdustm sehg. ^anhmeajaih ianmrjh tcmjm ujh phrtmp`gceh y atrh prcvhnh. Eujta Ms-thna tmjmias ms ujh nmecscj cnma-gkceh qum taih ehnh saecmnhn. MgMsthna pumnm smr is efcea, eaiamj Dhpj, a is krhjnm, eaia mjgas phsms msehjncjhvas. Rmra ujh

vmz qum mxcstmj gas imehjcsiascjstctuecajhgms phrh ncseutcr eiasm ncvcnm mg cjkrmsa mjtrm trh`hdh-narms y ehpcthgcsths, gh hetcvcnhnmeajiceh tcmjm qum ermemr. Rhrhqum mg R@C ermzeh, gh meajaih nm`msmr pranuetcvh. Msta cipgceh qumnm`m smr is pranuetcva mg smetarprcvhna thjta eaia mg smetar p-`gcea. \hias h smr is rceas eaiasaecmnhn saghimjtm sc jumstrh mea-jaih sm tarjh is pranuetcvh. Mgpra`gmih ms qum ujh vmz qum ujanmecnc sc mg Msthna vh h smr krhjnma efcea, ga qum ja pumnm ms pmrnmrgh ehrrmrh nm pranuetcvcnhn eajrmspmeta h atras msthnas.\MECJAU. Rumsta h rmvcshr gh fcs-

tarch hrkmjtcjh, Gaustmhu apcjqum tuvcias ujh saecmnhn iuefaimdar euhjna jumstra Msthna mrhimdar qum mg nm gas vmecjas. H im-ncnh qum vhias pmrncmjna msh eh-rrmrh, pmrnmias thi`cj gh ehrrm-rh nmg panmr hnqucsctcva. Euhjna mgMsthna pmsh`h 6 a 3 pujtas nmg R@Cmrh ciparthjtm qum lumrh ehnh vmzis pranuetcva, pmra ja mrh nmtmr-icjhjtm. Hfarh, euhjna mg Msthna

mipcmzh h pmshr ehnh vmz is smtarjh nmlcjctarca mj gh praspmrc-nhn h ghrka pghza. Mj gas gtcias 5;has, gas hrkmjtcjas vcvcias isnmg >2% nmg tcmipa mj rmemscj.Ja fhy saecmnhnms ianmrjhs qumfhyhj phshna hgka hs. Uc icrhiasgh ncjiceh nm msas has, ehnh vmzqum tuvcias rmspumsths hemreh nmeia mjehuzhr mg ermecicmjta mea-jicea, jas taphias eaj uj eumgganm `atmggh qum tmricj mj ercscs ynmvhguhecj. Xu nm`m fhemr mgMsthna phrh ja ehmr mj msa1 Nas ea-

shs4 kmjmrhr gh pasc`cgcnhn nm qumfhyh ihyar pranuetcvcnhn mj mgsmetar prcvhna, y imdarhr mg hghj-em mjtrm ga qum mg Msthna gm ea`rh ygm nh h gas prcvhnas.

Gh cjeajsthjech mj gh a`tmjecjnm rmsugthnas heth eaia uj phgamj gh rumnh nmg ermecicmjta. Ja msga icsia sc mg phs ermem uj ha hg3% y hg sckucmjtm ehm hg 5%, sc erm-em hg 6% y ehm hg 0%, qum sc ermem hg>% eajsthjtm tanas gas has. Msths

LAP^]JH 0;


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Meajaih

06LAP^]JH

ercscs nmstrazhj mg tmdcna saechg, mgimrehna gh`arhg, gh smkurcnhn dur-nceh, hgmrt mg meajaicsth.LAP^]JH4

Eia shgcias heaipmtcr eaj mg iujna1GA]U^MH]4Rhrh eaipmtcr y pra-

nuecr is y imdar sm nm`m hpravm-efhr gh meajaih nm msehgh. Msta ms,panmr utcgczhr mg ehpcthg y mg ernctanm qum ncspajka phrh pranuecr ismecmjtmimjtm. Mj gh Hrkmjtcjhmsa ja sm pumnm fhemr parqum ujanm`m rmphrtcr gas fumvas mj iu-efhs ehjhsths. Rar mdmipga, mj mgiujna ghs cjnustrchs getmhs jafhemj gmefm ffucnh, yakur, qumsa,gmefm mj pagva, nugem nm gmefm,tana hg icsia tcmipa. Mj ehi`ca,he s. Rar qu1 Rarqum ja sh`mjnjnm gms vh h cr `cmj y njnm ja.Hipgchrsm cipgceh phrh mgghs fh-emr ermemr iuy paqucta gh pghjthnm qumsas a gh nm smehna phrh jaqumnhr eaipgcehnhs meajiceh-imjtm. Hs ja sm pumnm eaipmtcreaj mg iujna.

LAP^]JH4Eia nm`mrhiashetuhr phrh sartmhr ghs ercscsrmeurrmjtms1GA]U^MH]4Ghs ercscs jas trhjslar-

ihj mj vcecasas. ]j vceca ms hgkaqum rcjnh ujh rmeaipmjsh ianm-rhnh mj mg earta pghza pmra qum tcmjmuj easta mgmvhna h ghrka pghza, eaiamg eckhrrcgga. Rhrh panmr mjtmjnmr mgnha qum vay h sulrcr mj ujas hastmjka qum panmr pmjshr mj mg lutu-ra y smphrhr ga qum im phsh fay nmga qum im vh h phshr ihhjh. Mjgh Hrkmjtcjh, scj mi`hrka, gh ea-jmxcj mjtrm mg prmsmjtm y mg luturamst miphhnh nm thg ihjmrh qumcipcnm vmr eaj eghrcnhn. Mg pmjsh-icmjta mxtmjncna ms qum mg lutura

ja nmpmjnm thjta nm eia hetmya fay, parqum mj mg imnca vh h sa-

`rmvmjcr ujh ercscs y sm vh h ggmvhrpumsta tana. Rmrnmias hs gh vcscjnm ghrka pghza y fhemias sga gaqum jas eajvcmjm mj ga cjimnchta.Msta sm vm mj gh pagtceh, mj mg Ka-`cmrja, mj mg iujna miprmshrchg.Cjegusa mj eia jas eaiparthiaseaia saecmnhn. ]ja ja pumnm fh-emr scmiprm ga qum qucmrm sc tcmjmmg nmsma nm eajstrucr hgka eagmetcva.Nm`m emnmr, y emnmr ms thi`cj tm-jmr ujh vcscj nm ghrka pghza. Ucjmi`hrka, gas hrkmjtcjas jas fmiaseajvmrtcna mj ujh saecmnhn earta-pghecsth y vcecash. Mg pra`gmih msqum, h nclmrmjech nm ghs pmrsajhs,ghs saecmnhnms ja nmshphrmemj scjaqum sm nmkrhnhj.

NHJCMGUA]UH

NMUHS]JA.Fetar Nhmr, Ihrtj

Gaustmhu y Panagla Nhmr eajvmrshj

hjtms nm gh ncsmrthecj nmg ncputhna.

MJE]MJ^PA.Ghurh \mgsqumz, prmscnmjth nm Lmpmsjh, lum qucmj prmsmjt h

Gaustmhu, mj mg Fatmg Uhvay, phrh nhr su eajlmrmjech.


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30/116

52LAP^]JH

Eia hfarrhr trhs mg

lhgga imjas mspmrhna

Jath nm ^hph


31/116

GHU IMDAPMU CJ\MPUCAJMU RHPH UHG\HPUM NM GAU @]C^PMU

Apecajms phrh gas qum usehj eagaehr su ehpcthg h hda rcmska, phrhcjvmrsarms imnchjas y phrh gas is sastcehnas, gumka nm qum smeajrihrh gh smjtmjech nmslhvarh`gm h gh Hrkmjtcjh nmg dumz faihsKrcmsh. Gh tur`ugmjech nm gas prxcias imsms y gh jmemscnhn nmhpasthr hg imnchja y ghrka pghza. Gh cjffumjech nm gas eajtmxtascjtmrjhecajhg y gaehg, y mg ncgmih nmg cjvmrsar.

LAP^]JH 58


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Lajnas @uc-trms, Eghu-sugh P]LA,

Eupj nmg Ncs-eaujt, faihs

Krcmsh, Eaj-thna eaj Gc-qucnhecj, N-

ghr Gcjomn, Nghr@gum, Heecajms, @ajas, mtetmrh. Ghvmrnhn ms qum saj thjths vhrch`gmsh gh vmz qum ms ehsc cipasc`gm sh`mrqu vh h phshr. Hempthjna mjtajemsjumstrh gcicthecj nm prmnmecr mglutura, cjtmjtmias mjtajems sh`mrqu panmias fhemr eaia hfarrcs-ths mj mstm msemjhrca.

Eaia pujta nm phrtcnh qucmrashehrgas nmg earta pghza y taihrnmecscajms pmjshjna h nas has,qum ms ga qum rmhgimjtm uja nm`m-rh fhemr hg pmjshr sus cjvmrscajms.Mj msm ihrea, mstay eajvmjecnanm qum mipmzhias h trhjscthr gassmcs imsms is eaipgcehnas nm gasprxcias ecjea has.

Pmpcta4 phrh i, gas prxcias smcssaj gas imsms is eaipgcehnas nmgas prxcias has, y hda msth fcp-tmscs qucmra smhghr ic pasturh nmcjvmrscj. Mj ic apcjcj, gas hetc-vas hrkmjtcjas vhj h vhgmr iuefais nm ga qum vhgmj fay nmjtra nmnas a trms has, pmra ga qum ja s ms

50 LAP^]JH

sc mg imdar iaimjta nm eaiprh msfay a nmjtra nm nas a smcs imsms. Mgnmtmrcara nm gas jimras ihera y

ga nclecg qum sm mst pmrec`cmjna ghehggm h gh farh nm fh`ghr nm jmkaecasim fhemj nunhr sc saj prmecas ijc-ias. Rmra, hg j nm eumjths ja mstaynunhjna mj eaiprhr hetcvas, sc jasa`rm eujna fhemrga.

Umkurhimjtm, vhias h vcvcr im-sms hkcthnas, nm iuefh vaghtcgcnhnm cjemrtcnui`rm, y, ndmim cjvagu-erhrga, gm prmkujthrh4 Xu vh fh-emr ustmn hg rmspmeta18)Rmrictcr qum mg icmna y gh

cjemrtcnui`rm ga phrhgcemj mj ghtaih nm nmecscajms nm cjvmrscjhsuicmjna mg rcmska nm qum gh cjffh-ecj sm eaih sus hfarras10)A, par mg eajtrhrca, cjtmjthr

hpravmefhr msth cjemrtcnui`rm phrhmipmzhr h cjvmrtcr sh`cmjna qum mshcjemrtcnui`rm mst rmffmdhnh mj gas`hdas prmecas nm jumstras hetcvas,nm ihjmrh nm msthr prmphrhna phrh

gas has nm ajhjzh qum sm mspmrhjphrh jumstra phs1

Hicka gmetar4 gm prapajka utcgczhrmstm hrteuga phrh rmffmxcajhr y ta-ihr ghs nmecscajms nm cjvmrscj qumsu tagmrhjech hg rcmska gm pmricth.Uaga qucmra nmdhr eajsthjech qum mgihyar mrrar qum sm pumnm eaimtmrms mspmrhr qum ghs ecreujsthjechsnmecnhj par uja. \cmjmj paehs nc-

RMGCKPA NM NMLH]G^.Gh

eajrihecj nmg lhgga nm Krcmsh

pusa mj rcmska tanh gh mstrhtmkch

nmg Ka`cmrja sa`rm gh nmunh.

NH NM GH @HJNMPH.Mj msm

mvmjta, gh Rrmscnmjth tuva uj

ncseursa imjas eajlrajthtcva.

RAPEGH]NCAT]EFA\CEOC*

\MJNA IC EHUH S IC H]^A!

T]EFA^CRU

Eajtrhrchimjtm h ga qum ujapcmjsh, mj gas phsms is nmsh-

rragghnas fhy ihs ecunhnhjas japrapcmthrcas nmg gukhr najnm vcvmja hg imjas, fcpatmehnas ehsc fhsthmg vhgar nm gh icsih ehsh, phkhj-na ujh euath phrmecnh h gh nm ujhgqucgmr. Mj ehi`ca, mj gas phsmsimjas nmshrragghnas gh ihyarh nmghs pmrsajhs ms numh nm gh ehshnajnm vcvm y mjecih scj fh`mr a`-tmjcna uj erncta? fh`cmjna pumsta`cggmtm sa`rm `cggmtm. Mdmipgas4 mjgas phsms jrnceas nm hgth ehgcnhn

nm vcnh (Lcjghjnch, Ncjhihreh,Jarumkh) saga mg =>% praimnca msprapcmthrca. Mj Krmech, Fujkrh aPuihjch, mg 63% ga saj.

Mstm nm`htm ja ms jumva? yhmj 8332, mg meajaicsth `rctjceaHjnrmw Aswhgn nmiastr qum gasjcvmgms is hgtas nm prapcmnhn nm ghvcvcmjnh prapch sm earrmghecajh`hjeaj gas jcvmgms is hgtas nm nms-mipgma, sa`rmtana mj Muraph y mj

Msthnas ]jcnas. Umkj gh fcptmscs nmAswhgn, gas prapcmthrcas nm vcvcmjnhsmxpmrcimjthj is nceugthnms phrhmjeajtrhr uj jumva trh`hda nmspusnm qumnhrsm scj mipgma nm`cna hqum sus eastas phrh iavmrsm sajis hgtas qum gas nm gas qum vcvmjmj ehshs hgqucghnhs. Gas prapcmthrcasnmsmipgmhnas sumgmj `usehr mipgmamj mg gukhr najnm mstj? ms nmecr, ujtrh`hda qum ja gas a`gckhj h trhsghnhrsmh ujh zajh rmscnmjechg nclmrmjtm. Mgeasta nm apartujcnhn nm fhemrga y ghsprncnhs nm vmjnmr y eaiprhr mj atra

gukhr ga ggmvhj h rmefhzhr prapumsths.Mj ehi`ca, qucmj hgqucgh sm iunh hnajnm eajsckum trh`hda? cjegusa msis lecg qum sm iunm nm ecunhn apravcjech.

Tykiujt @huihj, mj su gc`ra Ghianmrjcnhn gqucnh, ggmv mg nm`htmh ujh cjsthjech is. g sastmjh qumgh prapcmnhn prcvhnh gm sheh gc`mrthnh gh lhicgch? qum ghs lhicgchs qum vcvmjmj uj gukhr eaipgcehna y saj numas

Jath nm ^hph


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LAP^]JH 55

lecgms, turùgmjths, vagtcgms, pmrasaj prmecshimjtm mj msas iaimj-tas najnm sm pumnmj eaiprhr ùm-jas hetcvas h umjas prmecas.

Fhy qum tmjmr mj eumjth qum,eaj thshs nm cjtmrs y nm cjffhecjemrehjhs hg 0=% hjuhg, euhgqucmrcjvmrscj par nm`hda nm msm rmjnc-icmjta ga nmdhr mj nmsvmjthdh yqum sth ms gh vmrnhnmrh eghvm phrh

mstm pmrcana nm trhjscecj4 mg eastanm apartujcnhn nmg ncjmra

Rhrh msta, prcimra ga cjvcta hfhemr uj vchdm lcjhjecmra par mgiujna phrh nmtmethr mg eajtmxtacjtmrjhecajhg qum jas mspmrh. Gum-ka, h fhemr uj phsma par gh rmkcjphrh rmecj nmspus emjtrhgczhrjasmj jumstra phs? ujh vmz hgg, nmtmr-icjhrmias mj qu cjstruimjtas

cjvmrtcr, smkimjtjnagas mj trmspmrgms4 phrh cjvmrsarms eaj imjasnm $ =2 icg nm ncspajc`cgcnhn, phrhhquggas mjtrm $ =2 y 022 icg , y phrhgas qum pumnmj cjvmrtcr is nm $022 icg.

RPCIMPA, MG EAJ^MVÂ CJ^MPJH-ECAJHG.Uc fhy hgka qum qumn eghranm ghs gtcihs rmujcajms nm gh LMN(Pmsmrvh Lmnmrhg nm Msthnas ]jc-

nm gh prapcmnhn, par ga kmjmrhg ja

sm iunhj parqum ja pumnmj? mstjhthnas parqum su ehsh ms mg ihyarehpcthg qum tcmjmj, pmra eaia vcvmjmj ujh zajh nclecg, jhncm gms phkh gaqum vhgm y ja pumnmj iunhrsm parqumpmrnmrhj ga jcea qum tcmjmj? par msa,sckumj vcvcmjna hf hujqum mg gukhrsm cjujnm, smh cjsmkura a mst eaj-thicjhna. S euhjtas imjas rmeursastcmjmj mshs lhicgchs, is sm hlmrrhjh ga paea qum tcmjmj. Mj ehi`ca, mg

qum ja pasmm msas `cmjms msis gc`rm phrh iavmrsm parnajnm qucmrm.

GH EHUH RPARCH.Rar atraghna, gh meajaih ms imjasncjiceh parqum krhj phrtmnmg ehpcthg nm gas ecunhnhjasmst cjiavcgczhna mj uj hetcvapaea pranuetcva phrh uj phseaia ms eaiprhr ujh ehsh,hipgchr gh mxcstmjtm a ùsehrujh smkujnh ehsh mj gukhr nmcjvmrtcrga mj miprmshs a ermhr

jumvas praymetas. ]jh meajaih

nmshrragghnh tcmjm is cipugsa eajgh rathecj nmg ncjmra nm gas miprmj-nmnarms qum eaj gh kmjmrhecj nmprapcmthrcas.

Cjegusa fhy pravcjechs y ecunhnmsqum sumgmj cjemjtcvhr gh eaiprh nmvcvcmjnh rmkhghjna tmrrmjas a su`-vmjecajhjna cipumstas phrh mvcthrgh mickrhecj y gh lukh nm emrm`rasa nm ihja nm a`rh. A smh eaia ncem@huihj, ushj gh prapcmnhn nm gh ehsh

phrh qum mg ecunhnhja sm hlmrrm huj gukhr, h ujh cnmjtcnhn.

Eajeguscj4 vcmjna ga qum vhgmfay ic ehsh y ga qum phka phrhihjtmjmrgh y phrh fhemr lrmjtm h ghslheturhs nm HP@H? gh iujcecphgcnhn?hgui`rhna, `hrrcna y gcipcmzh? sm-kura? ehscggh nm vckcghjech? mtetmrh,im nhj khjhs nm vmjnmrgh. Hnmis,vcmjna ga qum vhgm ic huta y ga qumphka nm phtmjtm, smkura y eaefmrhggmka h gh icsih eajeguscj. Uc gmsuia gh cjecnmjech nm hiàs cmjmsmj mg phka nm @cmjms Rmrsajhgms

y nm gas smgghnas par euhgqucmreash qum phsm emreh, im prmkujtaqucj im imtc mj gh eh`mzh qumsmr prapcmthrca nh trhjqucgcnhn phrhmg lutura.

Lcjhgimjtm, thi`cj tmricjscmjna uj cjqucgcja pmra eaj trmsvmrnhnmras prapcmthrcas4 gh Jhecj,gh pravcjech y mg iujcecpca. Umarms4\mjna ic ehsh y ic huta hg prmecaqum im fcecmraj ermmr qum vhgmj!

8) EHP^MPH IMJAP H $ =2.222

Cjvmrtcr $ 52.222 mj @ajhr 0>(àja qum sm mictc phrh phkhr ghmxprapchecj nm SRL). Rhkh 6,;=%hjuhg. Fay ujh gicjh nm u$s 822eumsth $ 3


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nas) ms qum vhias h tmjmr thshs h-dhs par iuefa tcmipa is. Uc cmjMM.]]. y gh ihyarh nm gas phsmsmurapmas nmshrragghnas yh mstjmj uj ehicja nm ermecicmjta sas-tmjcna, tanhvh eumsth nclmrmjechrsc msta sm nh par mg pghj nm mstiu-gas qum cipuscmraj gas prcjecphgmsphsms a sc ms ermecicmjta kmjucja.Hjtm gh nunh y mg rcmska nm pravaehruj mrrar, jhncm sm hjcihr h shehrmsas mstiugas nm kagpm? par ga thj-ta, vcvcrmias tanhvh mj uj iujna

ga sulcecmjtmimjtm gqucna eaiaphrh dustcehr mshs thshs `hdhs. Mseaia sc vcrhias uj huta hvhjzhrearrmethimjtm y gumka jathias qumfhy euhtra pmrsajhs mipudjna-ga nm htrs? sc ga nmdhj nm mipudhr,hrrhjeh saga1 Hjtm gh nunh, sm nm-ecnm smkucr mipudjnaga.

Ucipgmimjtm, msthias mj ujiujna yh gmdas nm gh ercscs nm 0226,eaj mg eajsmjsa nm qum yh mst su-pmrhnh msh ercscs. Rmra tanhvh eajiuefh gcqucnmz, y ms sh gh imdarjatcech phrh ghs cjvmrscajms mj

jumstra phs. Gh lhgth nm rmjth quma`tcmjm mg ehpcthg mj gas phsms nm-shrragghnas gas fhem usehr jumvasnmstcjas, pmra hg msthr yh ehras gasprcjecphgms imrehnas mimrkmjtms,mipcmzhj h nhrgms apartujcnhnms hatras mimrkmjtms imjarms a cjegusalrajtmrczas, y msta jas patmjechr mgnh qum pmrec`hj uj hi`cmjtm im-jas fastcg phrh gas cjvmrsarms.

Pmeumrnmj ustmnms qum gas prcj-ecphgms imrehnas nmg iujna mstj

5>LAP^]JH

`htcmjna rmearns nm ixcias nhtrhs nh, huimjthjna gh rmefh nmvhgar mjtrm gas hetcvas nm gas phsmsnmshrragghnas eajtrh phsms eaiamg jumstra.

Ms iuy ciparthjtm mjtmjnmrqum fay gh cjvmrscj mxtrhjdmrh mjjumstra phs mj ihtmrch jhjecmrhms ijcih y, sc nmecnmj eaiprhr,ms iuefa ga qum tcmjm phrh su`crjumstra imrehna. Ga fhrj1 Rhrhic s, pmra nm h paea.

Gh cihkmj nm Hirceh ghtcjh

phrh gas cjvmrsarms cjtmrjhecajh-gms thi`cj ehi`c iuefa. Sh jasaga jas icrhj eaia apartujcnhnnm mspmeughecj scja eaia cjvmr-scj nm ghrka pghza. Fhem 0= hashtrs ghs latas nm gh rmkcj mrhjkumrrcgghs, LHPE, Umjnmra Guic-jasa, ncethnurhs y ercscs nm nmunh

OCECGGAL.Mg icjcstra nm Meajaih ncspusa qum sm phkhrh sga h gas àjcsths

qum mjtrhraj hg ehjdm, scj hehthr gh rmsaguecj nm Krcmsh.

mxtmrjh? fay mshs latas saj ghs nmgHeumrna nmg Rhecea, mjtrm Eagai-`ch, Rmr y Efcgm y hfarh Ixcea.Hfarh tanas jumstras phsms vcvmjmj nmiaerhechs y gh ihyarh (ja msjumstra ehsa) eaj supmrvct y hùg-thnhs rmsmrvhs. Hirceh ghtcjh tcmjmujh ciparthjech phrh ghs jhjzhs

iujnchgms iuy supmrcar h gh qumtmjh 82 has htrs.G]MKA, MG EAJ^MVÂ GAEHG. Gh

Hrkmjtcjh par j mjtmjnc qum ghimdar ihjmrh nm jhjechr su n-ect yh ja ms ushjna sus rmsmrvhsa mictcmjna ncjmra scj rmsphgna ahtrhshjna sus phkas h gas pravmm-narms, scja cjtmjthjna heemnmr hgimrehna nm erncta. Rhrh msa, tcm-jm qum guecr imdar y rmsagvmr gaspujtas mj eajffceta qum tmjh eajmg rmsta nmg iujna.

Uc ustmn khsth is pghth qum suscjkrmsas, ms pra`h`gm qum usm prc-imra sus hfarras (rmsmrvhs) fhsthqum ncsicjuyhj nm thg ihjmrh qumprmlcmrh prmsmrvhrghs phrh euhg-qucmr urkmjech y ms hf najnm prm-lmrcr pmncr prmsthna. Ms hf najnmnmecncr mipragcdhr sus eumjths,pajmrsm uj trhdm y su imdar ear`hthy vcscthr hg hjea.

Jumstra phs ja fcza hgka iuynclmrmjtm (shgva qum us thi`cjgh ihqucjcth nm fhemr `cggmtms).

Gas cjvmrsarmscjtmrjhecajhgms hfarhicrhj h Hirceh ghtcjh

eaia msemjhrca nmghrka pghza.

0) RHPH CJ\MP^CP MJ^PM $ =2.222S $ 822.222

Rrcimr tmreca nmg ehpcthg4@ajhr 020>

Umkujna tmreca4 àjasnghr gcjomn, pumnmj smr nmmiprmshsh eatczhjtms eaiaSRL a Iagcjas. @ajas nmpravcjechs qum a`tcmjmj rmkhghs pravmjcmjtms nmg smetar mjmrktcea.

^mremr tmreca4 heecajms nm miprmshs mjmrktcehs a `hjeas. Mj mg jumvamsemjhrca qum nm`mrh vmjcr mj gh Hrkmjtcjh sm vhj h jmemscthr iuefhscjvmrscajms mj cjlrhmstrueturh, prcjecphgimjtm mj mjmrkh.

Jath nm ^hph


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Euhjna sus rmsmrvhs mipmzhrajh mjffhqumemr nmihschna, sm aeupnm mipragcdhr sus jimras phrhheemnmr hg imrehna nm erncta.

Ms hs qum sm hrrmkg eaj Pmpsag,sm mjehicjhraj gas ducecas mj mgECHNC y sm imdar gh cihkmj nmgCJNME. Uuihna h msa, sm emrr mgehptuga eaj mg Egu` nm Rhrs y hfa-rh, ja par nmecscj jumstrh a vaguj-thrch, pmra mjehrjnaga hg lcj, sm

mipcmzh h trhjscthr uj hrrmkga eajgas lajnas uctrm.

]jh vmz rmsumgtas tanas msaslrmjtms nm eajffceta, msthrmias mjeajncecajms nm heemnmr nm jumvah gas imrehnas nm ehpcthgms h thshsnm rcmska rhzajh`gms. Ranrmias ncs-eutcr gumka ghs larihs y gas tcmipasqum jas ggmv ehnh uja nm msas hrrm-kgas. Nm fmefa, rmsugthraj iuefais ehras par msm iatcva. Rmra, h

msth hgturh y hjtm mg rcmska nm smkucrncguyjnagas, mg imrehna lmstmdh ghsgtcihs nmecscajms.

MG NCGMIH NMG CJ\MPUAP.]tcgczamg hxcaih yh eaimjthna4 H thshspraimnca nmg 0=% hjuhg, euhgqucmrcjvmrscj par nm`hda nm msm rmjnc-icmjta nmdh hg cjvmrsar mj nmsvmj-

thdh y sh ms gh eghvm phrh ghs nmec-scajms nm cjvmrscj mj msth paehnm trhjscecj.

]j hicka ncem qum mg cjvmrsar hr-kmjtcja sm eaiparth eaia ga fhrhjgas lhicgchrms nm hgkucmj qum sulrmuj phra ehrnhea y qum, eaj uj efa-qum mgetrcea eaj uj nms`rcghnar, mgearhzj vumgvm h ghtcr. Gh hgmkrh ygh mularch mj mg eaicmjza ms miaeca-jhjtm, pmra tanas sh`mias qum msmmslumrza ja khrhjtczh qum gh ehushqum arckcj mg nha mst supmrhnh.

Mj gh Hrkmjtcjh phsh ga icsia4gh krhj micscj iajmthrch y gasmstiugas hg eajsuia, hs eaiagumka gh su`h nm thshs y ghs rmstrce-ecajms ehi`chrchs, jas shehraj nmgphra ehrnhea, pmra sm ihjtcmjmjcjtheths ghs ehushs qum ggmvhrajhg earhzj h nmdhr nm ghtcr (ms nm-ecr4 eia lcjhjechias mg krhjnect1). Uaga qum hfarh sm suih

GH ARAP^]JCNHN NM \HEH I]MP^H

gKPHJRA^MJECHG.Gas `ajas nm ghspravcjechs najnmcjffuym \heh

Iumrth, mjtrmmgghs mj mspmechgJmuquj yImjnazh, saj ujh`umjh apecj parmg krhj patmjechgqum tcmjm msth zajhphrh gh mxpgathecjnm sfhgm khs ypmtrgma.


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5,qum ms mg aja qum mictc gh Hrkmj-tcjh phrh phkhr gh mxprapchecj nmSRL h Pmpsag. Um gghih @ajhr 020>,vmjem mj msm ha y phkh uj cjtmrs

nmg 6,;=% mj nghrms. U4 6 vmems isnm ga qum tm phkh uj pghza da mj n-ghrms! Eaia fay vhgm par nm`hda nmsu vhgar jaicjhg, a smh ujh gicjhnm u$s 822 vhgm hpraxcihnhimjtm $3,mg HS0> nmsercpta hjtmrcarimjtm.Mg smkujna tmreca, h àjas nghrgcjomn? pumnmj smr nm SRL y Iagc-jas mjtrm miprmshs eatczhjtms, y a-jas pravcjechgms, eaia mg Efuùt,Jmuquj a Imjnazh, qum hnmistcmjmj khrhjths mj ghs rmkhghs qumpmrec`mj par smr pravcjechs mjmrk-

tcehs. A smh, kmjmrhj rmeursas eaiaphrh phkhr eghrhimjtm sus nmunhsy ja nmpmjnmj nm su rmghecj eaj mgMsthna jhecajhg.

Hg tmremr tmreca ga cjvmrtcrh mjheecajms mjmrktcehs y/a `hjeh-rchs. Rhrh su jumva ecega, gh Hrkmj-

tcjh jmemscth iuefhscjvmrscajms mj cjlrh-mstrueturh y prcjec-phgimjtm mj mg ru`ramjmrktcea. Mg nlcectmjmrktcea ms jumstraihyar pmehna fay. Ms

mg kmjmrhnar nm gh lhg-th nm nghrms y nmg ihgnmsmipma nm gh hghj-zh eaimrechg h pmshr nmgh mspmetheughr easmefhnm krhjas y sus ùmjasprmecas. Uc fhy qum sm-nuecr h ghs miprmshsphrh qum cjvcmrthj mjmsm smetar, eia jacjvmrtcr mj mshs mi-prmshs1 Gh ihjmrh nm

EAJ^PHNCEECJ.

Icmjtrhs Ercstcjh sm

iastrh`h jmkaechnarh,

gh ecunhn nm @umjas

Hcrms hphrmec eaj

ehrtmgms eaj gh eajsckjh

Rhtrch a @uctrms.

5) CJ\MPUCAJMU NM IU NM $ 022.222

H gas cjstruimjtas mjuimrhnas mj ghs apecajms hjtmrcarms sm pumnmhkrmkhr ujh phrtm nm gh meajaih rmhg.

Nmshrraggas cjia`cgchrcas hg easta, mj mspmechg mj vcvcmjnhs phrhtrh`hdhnarms qum ratmj par

ghs pravcjechs.

Mj hetcvcnhnmsrmghecajhnhs eaj mjmrkh jaeajvmjecajhg.

Fhy qum tmjmr mj eumjthqum msths pasc`cgcnhnmsrmqucmrmj nm ehpcthgms qumja sm jmemsctmj mj mg eartapghza nhnh gh cgcqucnmz nmmstas cjstruimjtas.

Jath nm ^hph


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LAP^]JH 5;

fhemrga ms cjncrmethimjtm mj gaslajnas eaiujms nm cjvmrscj a,mj larih ncrmeth, h trhvs nm gas`hjeas y saecmnhnms nm `agsh. Fayms iuefa is lecg eaiprhr msas`ajas y heecajms a phrtcecphr mjlajnas eaiujms nm cjvmrscj qumeaiprhr nghrms.5)Rhrh cjvmrsarms qum tmjkhj

is nm $ 022 icg, y sc fhy ehpcthgy phecmjech, rmpmtcrh gas cjstru-imjtas hjtmrcarms, pmra gm hkrmkh-rh ujh phrtm mj gh meajaih rmhg?sa`rm tana, mj miprmjncicmjtas

rmghecajhnas eaj jumstra patmjechgmj rmeursas jhturhgms. Im hjcih-rh h nmshrraggas cjia`cgchrcas hgeasta, pmra iuy smgmetcvhimjtm, mjvcvcmjnhs phrh hgqucghr h trh`hdh-narms qum ratmj par ghs pravcjechs,

mj hetcvcnhnms gckhnhs h msth jumvhrmvaguecj nm mjmrkh ja eajvmj-ecajhg.

Atra hetcva cjtmrmshjtm phrhmxpgarhr ms mg mjkarnm nm khjhnaeaia cjvmrscj cgqucnh y nm im-nchja pghza. Gh cjeguscj nm icgga-jms nm pmrsajhs h gh eghsm imnchmj gas ncstcjtas phsms nmg iujnafhem ehi`chr gh ncmth mjmrktceh yeaj mgga, mg huimjta nmg eajsuianm pratmjhs.

Fhy iuefas lajnas nm cjvmrscjnmstcjhnas h mstm tcpa nm ru`ras.

Msta tmricjh scmjna eaia gh cjvmr-scj mj prapcmnhnms? ga ciparthjtmms mjeajtrhr hg nmshrragghnar qumcjspcrm gh eajhjzh suecmjtm, mj-tmjncmjna qum mg jmkaeca nm fay jasm fhem eaj mg prmeca nm vmjth nm gas

`cmjms scja eaj gh hnicjcstrhecjnm gas eastas nm gh pranueecj nm

msas cmjms.^mjkh mj eumjth qum saj vhrch-`gms cgqucnhs, qum ga tcmjm qum fh-emr eaj rmeursas qum smph qum javh h jmemscthr mj mg earta pghza.

Eajeguscj. Mj rmsuimj, a`vch-imjtm nmpmjncmjna nmg iajta nmgqum ncspajm ehnh uja, vcmjm ujhpaeh nm smcs imsms nm smgmeecj nmcjvmrscajms mj uj egcih cjmsth`gmm cjsmkura pmra rmjth`gm. Uc nmecnmfhemrga, ja ga fhkh par paea tcmi-pa. Uc tcmjm mg earhdm nm eaiprhr mjmstm msemjhrca, tmjkh mg earhdm nmhkuhjthr msh cjvmrscj hg imjasnas a trms has y smr ujh khjhjechhearnm hg rcmska hsuicna.

Uckh mg HS0> (@ajhr 020>)? mgHH8; (@ajhr 028;)? heecajms mjmr-ktcehs, cjegusa gh prapch SRL? he-

ecajms nm @hjeas (sc khjhj iuefamj mstm egcih, cihkcjmj euhjnavmjkh ujh paeh nm ihyar mspgmj-nar)? pranuetas qum hdustmj hdagh egusugh nghr gcjomn u aechg?hgkujh prapcmnhn hg easta qum smhapartujh cjegusa eaefmrhs. S mi-pcmem h gmmr sa`rm eia cjvmrtcrmj jumstra ehipa, sa`rm tana mjmjkarnm nm khjhna.

Icmjtrhs tmjkhias ujh cjlgh-ecj y thshs nm cjtmrs par mjecihnmg 02% mj pmsas ja fhemr jhnh eajjumstras hfarras ms pmrnmr jumstraehpcthg mj ecjea has. Mj mstm ecega,mj mstm eajtmxta, cjvmrtcr sm fhemujh jmemscnhn, ja ujh mgmeecj. Ucustmn mst gmymjna msth rmvcsth msqum ga cjtuym.

*MEAJAICU^HMURMECHGCTHNAMJ

LCJHJTHURMPUAJHGMU

MJMPKHU HG^MPJH^C\HU

gHR]MU^H HGL]^]PA. ]jh nmghs cjvmrscajms phrhgas hfarrcsths is

sastcehnas hpujthh gas scstmihsnm mjmrkh jaeajvmjecajhgms, qumsaj hickh`gms eajmg imnca hi`cmjtmy qum sm mstcihqum mj mg lutura, mjmspmechg mj jumstraphs, tmjnrj uj hukmsarprmjnmjtm.

URMMEF. Mg dmlm nm Kh`cjmtm, Darkm

Ehpcthjcef, sckuc gas vhcvmjms nmg

ncseursa qum cipusa gh Rrmscnmjth4

mjtrm eajlrajthtcva y jmkaechnar.

Eaj gh cjffhecj hetuhg, qumsupmrh mg 02%, ja fhemr

jhnh eaj jumstras hfarrascipgceh pmrnmr mg ehpcthg mj

ecjea has.


38/116

56 LAP^]JH

thgms qum eaipmjsmj msths shgcnhs. Rar

ga thjta, sc sm suihj gas phkas hg Egu`

nm Rhrs mj dugca, is gas àjas Ncseaujt thi-

`cj mj dugca, mg cipheta mj ghs rmsmrvhs smr

is qum sckjclcehtcva. Msa, mvcnmjtmimjtm, kmjm-

rhr rmsqumiarms mj gas imrehnas y sus hetarms

gumka nm hkasta.Rmra mj mg imnchja pghza gh jatcech ms umjh.

Gh Hrkmjtcjh tmjh euhtra lrmj-

tms h`cmrtas cjtmrjhecajhgimjtm

qum lumraj emrrjnasm4 ECHNC,

PMRUAG, Egu` nm Rhrs y

Fagnauts. Rar supumsta, ja mstj

tanas rmsumgtas nm gh imdar ihjm-

rh pasc`gm, pmra yh mstj? ujh vmz

qum sm nmlcjch gh sctuhecj eaj

gas fagnauts, sm sh`r mg lguda nm

ncvcshs jmemshrca phrh panmreuipgcr eaj gas phkas nm nmunh

Ms nmecr qum phrh vagvmr hg imr-

ehna nm ehpcthgms y rmec`cr cjvmr-

scajms mxtmrjhs, gh Hrkmjtcjh yh

ja vh h prmsmjthr lrmjtms h`cmr-

tas. Rar supumsta qum s vh h

tmjmr pra`gmihs phrh saguecajhr, pmra yh sh`m-

ias eugms saj, ja fhy sarprmshs. S scmiprm gh

emrtcnui`rm, hujqum ja smh pasctcvh, ms imdar

qum gh cjemrtcnui`rm.

Rar ga thjta, fhy vcnh nmspus nm Krcmsh.

Jcjkj msemjhrca ms lecg y ehnh phsa nm`mr smr

iuy cmj pmjshna? scj mi`hrka, ga umja ms qum

mj ujas imsms ja vagvmrmias h fh`ghr nm mstm

dumz parqum smr ehptuga emrrhna.

Gas pra`gmihs nm hjtms nmg lhgga sckumj scmjna

g dmlm nm Kh`cjmtm gm pajh lcefhs

hg Iujnchg nm @rhscg, pmjshjna

qum mipmzh`h y gumka par 52 nhs mj gh

Hrkmjtcjh saga sm fh`ghrh nm lutàg.

Rmra nas eashs eajspcrhraj eajtrh sus nmsmas.

Gh prcimrch lum mg lhgga nm gh Eartm nm Msthnas

]jcnas ja hempthjna mg ehsa hrkmjtcja? y ghsmkujnh (ja imjas ciparthjtm) qum gh Umgmeecj

dumkh thj ihg qum ja fhy iuefa

phrh fh`ghr nm mggh, ja hùjnhj gas

mgakcas h gas dukhnarms jc h Uh`mggh

par mstas nhs.

Nm`mrhias rmlgmxcajhr hemreh nm

qu ehi`cas sm pranudmraj mj jums-

tra phs gumka nmg lhgga nm gh dustcech

nm MM.]]. y su eajsh`cna rmefhza.

Hehsa gh meajaih hrkmjtcjh tcmjm

is a imjas pra`gmihs gumka nmglhgga1

Gh rmspumsth ms qum tcmjm is pra-

`gmihs nm earta pghza, pmra imjas

pra`gmihs mj mg imnchja pghza. Mj

mg earta pghza pra`h`gmimjtm tmjkh

qum phkhr phrtm mj mlmetcva, qum shg-

nr nm ghs rmsmrvhs nmg @EPH, y thi`cj nm`mr

mictcr is nmunh eaj jumvas àjas eaia gas

@anmj 020>. Msta nm`cgcthr ghs yh ihkrhs rmsmr-

vhs hetuhgms, hujqum ja smh uj iajta sckjclceh-

tcva, y thi`cj cipajnr ujh hkmjnh nm phkas

qum cipgcehj ujh ihyar jmemscnhn nm eajsmkucr

nghrms h lutura phrh panmr ermemr.

Ja rmsugth iuy pra`h`gm qum eaj ghs rmstrce-

ecajms mxcstmjtms mj gh meajaih hetuhg cjkrm-

smj mj mg earta pghza ujh krhj ehjtcnhn nm ehpc-

MEAJAIH PMHG \U. MEAJAIH LCJHJECMPH

M

Eia eaiparthrsm mj

tcmipas nm cjemrtcnui`rm

Gas àjas rmghecajhnas eaj nghrms (nagghr gcjo a nmjaicjhnas mj nghrms)saj ghs hpumsths is smkurhs phrh tmjmr y `hjehrsm gh vaghtcgcnhn.

âis @ught*

Jath nm ^hph


39/116

LAP^]JH 53

gas icsias. Mst mg pra`gmih nm cjlghecj eaj

uj cjceca nm rmemscj, ehnh mj gh ermhecj nm

mipgma nmg smetar prcvhna y shghrcas rmhgms jmkh-

tcvas. Nmspus nmg lhgga nm gh Eartm smkucias

tmjcmjna mstas icsias pra`gmihs. Ms qum ja

tcmjm jhnh qum vmr ga qum phsh mj gh meajaih

cjtmrjh eaj ga qum suemnm mj Jumvh Saro.Msta ms vgcna sc ja fhy nmlhugt, qum aptcics-

thimjtm gm mstay nhjna ujh hdh pasc`cgcnhn nm

rmhgczhecj.

Meajaih rmhg vs. meajaih jhjecmrh.Gh meaja-

ih lcjhjecmrh vh h smkucr iuy ecegaticeh.

Jasatras, gas meajaicsths, ga gghihias vaghtc-

gcnhn. mjnr sus nhs nm mularch y sus nhs nm

nmprmscj, pmra nhna qum gas vhgarms saj hdas,

ms pra`h`gm qum gh tmjnmjech smh h su`cr. Fh`r

qum tmjmr mstihka phrh gas hgtc`hdas.

Eaia scmiprm, ghs heecajms saj ghs is hrh-ths nhna qum ghs pasc`cgcnhnms nm fhemr jmkaecas

mj Hrkmjtcjh (ja nm earta pghza, scja nm ghrka

pghza) saj rmhgimjtm iuy nclecgms. Ga is pra-

`h`gm ms qum qucmjms vcvhj nm ghs lcjhjzhs tmj-

khj ùmjas iaimjtas.

âna ga qum mst vcjeughna hg nghr vh h smr

ujh apecj nm cjvmrscj ehsc smkurh. Mg tcpa nm

ehi`ca, gumka nm gh nmvhguhecj nm mjmra,

sm qumn pretcehimjtm lcda y gh cjlghecj

heuiughnh hgehjzh mg 8=%. Rar ga thjta,

sc taihias ga qum nmeh mg Dmlm nmKh`cjmtm hemreh nm qum msm vhgar nmg

nghr mrh uj jumva pujta nm mqucgc`rca,

sckjclceh qum mg jumva pujta nm

mqucgc`rca vh h msthr 8=%

hrrc`h jumvhimjtm. Rar ga

thjta, àjas rmghecajhnas

eaj nghrms (nagghr gcjo a

nmjaicjhnas mj nghrms)

saj ghs hpumsths is

smkurhs phrh tmjmr y hj-

ehrsm gh vaghtcgcnhn. Ms

mj gh meajaih rmhg

najnm fhy is pra`gm-

ihs. Rhrmem iuy nclecg

cihkcjhr uj jumva smetar

qum mipudm gh meajaih. Uga gh sadh ga fhr mstm

ha y su lumrzh mst gcicthnh. Mg rmsta nm gas sme-

tarms eajtcjh eaj uj gmjta nmtmrcara, cjegucnas

gh eajstrueecj y mg smetar hutaiatrcz, nas pcgh-

rms nmg ha phshna, qum yh iumstrhj sckjas nm

nmshemgmrhecj. Mg Cjnme heh`h nm pu`gcehr gh

vhrchecj nmg R@C qum nca par smkujna trcimstrm

eajsmeutcva ujh ehnh, iastrhjna qum gh meaja-

ih hrkmjtcjh mjtr tejcehimjtm mj rmemscj.

Rar ga thjta, y msta ms ga is prmaeuphjtm, rmhgc-

zhr cjvmrscajms rmhgms fay ms iuy eaipgcehna.Ja fhy msth`cgcnhn iherameajiceh, fhy smrchs

rmstrceecajms h gh gc`rm ecreughecj nm ncvcshs, fhy

eajtrag nm prmecas y nm ciparthecajms, par ga qum

mg msemjhrca phrh cjvmrtcr ja ms prapceca.

Mg smkujna smimstrm. Ucmiprm qum ja fhy smquh,

eaia mstm ha, mg imdar trcimstrm ms mg smkujna,

ms nmecr gas imsms nm h`rcg, ihya, dujca. Eaia

mstm ha fh scna iuy ùmja mj gh easmefh nm

sadh, stm ms mg imdar trcimstrm nm gh meaja-

ih nmg 028>. Eghrhimjtm, mj mg smkujna

smimstrm sm eaipgcehrj tanhs ghs nmisvhrch`gms. Mg nghr su`cr, gh cjlghecj thi-

`cj tmjnr uj gmvm rmpujtm gumka nm gh

`hdh nm ihya y dujca. Umr jmemshrca

qum mg ka`cmrja ja su`mstcim gh

rmemscj y sus mlmetas saechgms.

Jujeh saj lecgms gas lcjms nm

ha y stm ja tcmjm par qu smr gh

mxempecj. âna ga qum gh pagtc-

eh meajiceh pumnh fhemr phrh

rmtaihr mg ermecicmjta smr

`cmjvmjcna pmra ja aeurrcr

pralujnczhjna msth pagtceh

meajiceh, scja ehi`chjna

su mjlaqum. Ghs miprmshs ja

saj ghs mjmickhs nmg ermecicmj-

ta, saj ghs prcjecphgms hgchnhs.

*MEAJAICU^HSRMPCANCU^H.

U]]G^CIAGC@PAMU

GHMEAJAIHNM ]\CNH

Ms mj gh meajaih rmhg najnm fhy ispra`gmihs. Rhrmem iuy nclecg cihkcjhr

uj jumva smetar qum mipudm gh meajaih,hphrtm nm gh sadh.

@]GH^.Gh vcscj nm uj

mspmechgcsth qum sh`m qu nmecr y

eia trhjsictcrga.


40/116

>2 LAP^]JH

nhjna, lcjhgimjtm, mj ujh hetctun nm

mxpmethjech y/a nm ncspascecj h cjtmr-

vmjcr, pmra, mj lujecj nm uj rmqumrc-

icmjta. Xum ja apmr.

Ms pra`h`gm qum mg ka`cmrja jartm-

himrcehja, qum eaimjz uj tcmipa

htrs h vmthr hgkujhs eajemscajms nmerncta hg phs mj ncvmrsas arkhjcsias,

prmtmjncmrh gh ianclcehecj nm gh pas-

turh hrkmjtcjh mj mg lrmjtm lcjhjecmra

cjtmrjhecajhg, mj euhjta h su hkmjnh nm

mjtumrtas nm hrrhstrm mj msm lrmjtm. Jas nmecnc-

ias h fhemrga mj mg earrcmjtm ha, ihrehjna

hgkujas fctas. Ja a`sthjtm, phrmem qum gas phsas

ja sm scjerajczhraj. S, hncecajhgimjtm, ja sm

nmsehrtm qum gas trc`ujhgms jartmhimrcehjas

nmsmhrhj, par su ghna, hjtm mg mstcga hrkmjtcja,

hpgcehr hgka hs eaia uj msehricmjta.Mg cipheta jmkhtcva, nm mjtcnhn, sm pghsi.

Mg qum, par ga nmis, eagaeh hg phs mj ujh

sctuhecj iuy hprmichnh, parqum gas irkm-

jms nm ihjca`rh saj mstrmefas. Ghs hgtmrjhtc-

vhs qum sm h`rmj guemj suihimjtm eaipgceh-

nhs par gas eaghtmrhgms qum ehnh ujh nm ghs

icsihs nmphrh.

Ms nclecg qum gas fagnauts, eaj mg rmsphgna qum

gms atarkh mg lhgga lhvarh`gm phrh mg pgmja ea`ra

nm gas rmeghias, sm hvmjkhj h mjtrhr mj mg ehjdm

cipgmimjthna mj mg phs. H gh phr, gas ehi`cas

nm durcsnceecj phrh mg phka, y atras imehjcs-

ias phrh hggmkhr lajnas scj rcmska (hpgcehecj

nmg phrc phssu) h gas hermmnarms qum hempthraj

gh rmstrueturhecj ja nmdhj nm smr iuy mjkarra-

sas. S, mj nmlcjctcvh, ecreugh gh sai`rh nmg nms-

h eumstcj hsaechnh h gh nmecscj

nm gh Eartm Uuprmih jartmhim-

rcehjh nm ja taihr mg lhgga nceth-

na mj su iaimjta par mg dumz

Krcmsh (jc sagcecthr apcjcj hg ka`cmrja

nm Msthnas ]jcnas) ms hjhgczh`gm `hda

vhrchs ptcehs.A`dmtcvhimjtm, mg lhgga hguncna ms

ujh vmrnhnmrh h`aicjhecj. Nmseajaem

ujh ijcih gkceh cjfmrmjtm h gas pra-

emsas nm rmmstrueturhecj nm nmunh

ehnh mj nmlhugt. S, msta huj euhjna gtcihimj-

tm sm n gukhr h gh Egusugh nm Heecj Eagmetcvh

mj gh nmlcjcecj nm ghs ihyarhs, phrh mvcthr

eajnueths ugtrh mspmeughtcvhs eaia ghs cjvagu-

erhnhs. Cjegusa, ghs gtcihs nmlcjcecajms nmg LIC

hg rmspmeta, y trhsemjncnas nmrcvhnas nmg ka`cmr-

ja jartmhimrcehja, phrmehj mipuhr ujhapcjcj hjgakh. Rmra, eaia sm vca, mstas mgm-

imjtas ja krhvcthraj.

Mj rmhgcnhn, is hgg nmg ehretmr nmg lhgga,

hsihsm qum eajstctuym uj fmefa? qum mst

hf, sctujnajas mj uj `rmtm laricnh`gm. S ms

uj fmefa qum nhth nm aetu`rm nm 0280, euhjna

Krcmsh rmsagvc mj prcimrh cjsthjech. Is gh

rhtclcehecj mj gh smkujnh cjsthjech mj hkasta

nm 0285. Dumkhj, mjtajems, nmsnm ujh vcsuhg

mstrhtkceh, gh nclmrmjech mjtrm ga nmsmh`gm y ga

letcea, y mg eia imzeghr mstas mgmimjtas.

Mj rckar, jc mg LIC jc mg ka`cmrja jartmhimrc-

ehja fcecmraj prmsmjthecajms hrtceughnhs mj gh

Eartm Uuprmih nm Msthnas ]jcnas hemreh nm gh

mstrceth susthjech nmg hsujta (vkr., gh prmsmjth-

ecj hiceus eurchm a eaia sm gh gghim) qum-

GHU HG^MPJH^C\HU

G

Mg lhgga jas scth

mj uj `rmtm laricnh`gm

Jhturhgimjtm, eaj ujh Hrkmjtcjh hearrhghnh y scj shgcnh, mg rcmska nm nmlhugt,par ujh vh u atrh, ja ms nmsehrth`gm.

Mnuhrna

Gucs Eurch*

Jath nm ^hph


41/116

LAP^]JH >8

hehta parqum mg lhgga nm Krcmsh rmehgeh gh durcs-

nceecj nm Jmw Saro. Mj uj ehsa hs, mjtrm atrhs

eashs, pmgckrhrh mg heemsa hg imrehna lcjhjecm-

ra jartmhimrcehja, is atrhs eajtrhrcmnhnms

mj mg ihjmda ermnctceca mj kmjmrhg.

Uurkm, nm mstm iana, gh fcptmscs nm jmkaechr

mj gh smnm nm Krcmsh, a h cjsthjechs nm sth, eajgas lajnas ùctrms, mipmzhjna par tmstmhr

(eaia ga rmsagvc mg ka`cmrja) eug ms mg vmrnh-

nmra hgehjem nm gh supumsth cjtmjecj nmg dumz

nm ja mipudhr hg phs h atra nmlhugt. Uh`cmjna

qum ja sm trhth scipgmimjtm nm rmsagvmr mg

gctckca pujtuhg cjvaguerhna, scja nm eajtmipghr

mg eaipgmda eajtmxta sckjhna par gh prmsmjech

nm tmremras cjtmrmsms nm iuefa pmsa.

Jhturhgimjtm, eaj ujh Hrkmjtcjh hearrhghnh

y scj shgcnh, mg rcmska nm nmlhugt, par ujh vh u

atrh, ja ms nmsehrth`gm. Mj su ehsa, smrh hgkaiagmsta phrh gas fagnauts, pmra, mj sciugtjmh,

jasatras nm`mrhias fhihehrjas iuefa mj mg

pghja iujnchg4 mi`hrkas, ehjemghecajms nm

ernctas, ihyarms eastas lcjhjecmras, mtetmrh.

Um eajsthth, hemreh nmg hsujta mjlaehna, gh

mxcstmjech nm uj nhimra mj mg qum sm pmrlcghj

ncvmrshs hgtmrjhtcvhs mstrhtkcehs, tanhs mgghs

fhrta hrnuhs y ja mxmjths nm rcmskas pajnmrh-

`gms. Uc sm ùsehrh uj lhetar scjtmtczhnar, h gh

pastrm, ga fhgghrhias mj jumstrh eghvm pra`gm-

itceh nm rmstrceecj mxtmrjh a lhgth rmghtcvh nmnghrms, cjstckhnh lujnhimjthgimjtm mj su

iaimjta par mg rmtrhsa ehi`chrca, y nm emcnhs

rmsmrvhs cjtmrjhecajhgms.

Euhjna h lcjhgms nm 0285 mg Ka`cmrja kcrh su

pagtceh meajiceh, phshjna h mjlhtczhr gh kmjm-

rhecj nm ncvcshs par mjecih nmg imra rhecajh-

icmjta y trhta rmprmscva nm ghs icsihs (rmsartms

qum, a`vchimjtm, pmrihjmemj mj sus smeumghs),

sm pmrlcghj nas smjnmras eruechgms4 h) nmvhguhr

mg pmsa, ùsehjna gas nghrms eaimrechgms, y,

`) apmrhr par gh eumjth ehpcthg mxtmrjh, nmtrs

nm gas nghrms lcjhjecmras.

Mstas nas smjnmras, prcih lhecm, eajdukh`hj.

Rmra, phrmemrh qum mg ka`cmrja tmjnrh ujh

cjegcjhecj fhech mg smjnmra `, mj mspmechg, h

imncnh qum sm lumraj ugtcihjna hgkujas hrrm-

kgas lcjhjecmras mj mg lrmjtm mxtmrja. ]j lhgga

is a imjas lhvarh`gm nm gh Eartm Uuprmih

jartmhimrcehjh fh`rh rmlarzhna jtcnhimjtm

mg ehicja mj eumstcj.

Huj euhjna mj uj eaicmjza gh nmunh larih-

gczhnh ermem eaj gas hrrmkgas (thi`cj gas vmj-

ecicmjtas), gh eajvceecj mrh gh nm gakrhr ujh

lcjhjechecj mxtmrjh phrhgmgh qum eu`rcmrh

eaj ecmrth fagkurh ghs mxckmjechs mjvumgths.

Mjtajems, hs hsmkurhna mg farczajtm nm gas

nghrms (par ga imjas, fhsth lcjms nm 028=),

panrhj ncsicjucr ghs prmscajms nmvhguhtarchs

y hjeghr is mg tcpa nm ehi`ca, ianmrhrsm mg

`gum y gh `rmefh, ghs thshs panrhj rmnuecrsm, ja

hpgcehrh uj hdustm lcsehg smvmra, y quczs apmrh-rh uj gmvm rmpujtm nmg eajsuia y nm gh meaja-

ih mj mg smkujna smimstrm nmg ha. Rmra, mg

lhgga rmehna, icmjtrhs ja sm mjehuem vcsc`gm-

imjtm gh eumstcj susecthnh, pajm mj vcga tanh

msth pmrspmetcvh.

*MEAJAICU^H

Mj mg hjgcscs dumkhj, nmsnm ujh vcsuhgmstrhtkceh, gh nclmrmjech mjtrm ga nmsmh`gm

y ga letcea, y mg eia imzeghr mstasmgmimjtas.

^FAIHU KPCMUH . Uu lhgga ms, a`dmtcvhimjtm, ujh

vmrnhnmrh hàicjhecj.


42/116

>0 LAP^]JH

tmricj scmjna iuy ajmrasa mj tric-

jas lcsehgms y nm ncvcshs. Nmsnm 022< h

0280, gas phkas mj eajempta nm eupj

RC@ heuiughj jhnh imjas qum 82,5

Mjtrm gas mlmetas h tmjmr mj eumjth, lcku-

rhj gas prmemnmjtms phrh gas atras fag-

nauts qum tmjkhj rmeghias vgcnas, smh

mj MM. ]]. a mj atrhs durcsnceecajms

eaj a scj ihyar hvhjem mj ihtmrch

duncechg, pmra qum ja mstj mj mg gctckca

ihyar. Mstcihias qum mj tathg (eajsc-nmrhjna gas ajas nm atrhs durcsnceeca-

jms y mxeguymjna gas iajtas nmg gctckca

ihyar) tcmjmj uj vhgar lhechg arckcjhg

nm ehpcthg nm u$s .

Ja ms imjas ciparthjtm eajscnmrhr gas prmem-

nmjtms qum sm ermhj y gas mlmetas eaghtmrhgms. Mg

is cjimnchta mst nhna par fhsth qu pujta

gas àjcsths qum mjtrhraj mj gas ehjdms prmem-

nmjtms mstj earrcmjna mg rcmska nm ja panmr

ea`rhr par mlmetas nm ujh ncsputh qum ja gas

nm`mrh hgehjzhr ncrmethimjtm. Atra ms gh lhgth

nm uj ihrea gmkhg eghra. Ecmrthimjtm, hujqum

gh Hrkmjtcjh mjlrmjtm ujh eumstcj rmputheca-

jhg prapch, mg prmemnmjtm nhna par gas tricjas

nmg mvmjtuhg hrrmkga ms iuy ciparthjtm phrh

iuefas Msthnas4 gh prmscj iarhg qum pumnh

mdmremrsm panrh rmsugthr nmlcjctarch nm mj najnm

sm u`cehr mg icsia.

h eumstcj nmg gctckca eaj gas fag-

nauts mjtr mj uj rctia lrmj-

tcea eaj ujh mvaguecj qum lum

sckjclcehtcvhimjtm hnvmrsh

phrh gh Hrkmjtcjh. Ms mspmrh`gm qum gh

jmkaechecj phrth nm pghjtmas nm ghs

phrtms cjcechgimjtm iuy ncsphrms. UcHrkmjtcjh fhem ujh prapumsth mqucvh-

gmjtm h gas tricjas nm gas ehjdms prmem-

nmjtms (022= y 0282) mg vhgar prmsmjtm

msthrh mjtrm gas u$s 522 icggajms y u$s

=2 icggajms

qum mxckmj gas nmihjnhjtms y rmlgmdhna mj gh

smjtmjech, pmra supmrcar h gas u$s >06 icggajms

nm ehpcthg arckcjhg. Mj gh ncseuscj nm eia

sartmhr gh nclmrmjech cjlguymj hspmetas nm egeu-gas meajicea-lcjhjecmras y gh patmjechg iavc-

gczhecj nm lumrzhs mxtmrjhs hlmethnhs. Mg prc-

imr mgmimjta h eajscnmrhr ms eajtmipghr qum

hqumggas phkas rmhgczhnas mj ajas su`crj nm

prmeca par mg saga fmefa nm fh`mr ggmkhna h uj

heumrna. Atra lhetar mst nhna par njnm sm

trhzh gh gjmh mj gas phkas phshnas nm ghs

]jcnhnms Gckhnhs hg R@C. Rar mstm eajempta sm

ggmvh nmsmiàgshna mg 86% nmg vhgar jaicjhg nm

ttugas rmictcnas h gas ehjdms prmvcas. Mj tmremr

gukhr, sm nm`m ncseutcr gh eai`cjhecj nm mlme-

tcva y tcpas nm ttugas qum sm panrhj mictcr

eaia eajsmeumjech nm uj patmjechg hrrmkga. Mg

mlmetcva tcmjm uj prmeca eghra, pmra thi`cj uj

cipheta jath`gm sa`rm mg smjsc`gm y prmscajhna

jcvmg nm Pmsmrvhs Cjtmrjhecajhgms nmg @EPH.

JMKAECHECAJMU MJ ^CMIRA NM NMUE]MJÂ

G

Larthgmzhs y nm`cgcnhnms

nm gh pascecj hrkmjtcjh

Mj gh ncseuscj sa`rm eia sartmhr gh nclmrmjech mjtrm ghs phrtms cjffuymj egeugasmeajicea-jhjecmras y gh patmjechg iavcgczhecj nm lumrzhs mxtmrjhs hlmethnhs.

Nhjcmg

Ihrx


44/116

Meajaih û Ncjmra

>>LAP^]JH

NCGAKA MJ^PM MG ALCECHG S MG @G]M

Mg Ka`cmrjacjtmrvcjamg imreh-

na lcjhjecmray pmrnc mg duc-

eca nmg sckga.Jmemscth cj-ermimjthr ghs

rmsmrvhs mj gh smkujnh phrtm nmgha. Um vmjnrh mg aja phtrctcea.Mj 028>, par ehnh pmsa prmsthna hgsmetar prcvhna, lumraj smcs pmsashg Msthna.

Mg tmih nmg ims ms mg ducecanmg sckga.

Ja pcmrnhs nm vcsth ghs thshsixcihs mj mg imrehna jhjecm-

ra. Ja saga fhy prmecas eucnhnas,hfarh fhy thshs eucnhnhs.

Ms uj tmih rmgmvhjtm1Mj dujca, gas `hjeas mstj

vcmjna pmrnmr nmpsctas h pghzasdas par smkujna ims eajsmeutc-va. Eaj thshs hdhs, gas cjvmrsarmshpumsthj par atrhs apecajms. Fhyujh lumrtmehnh nm nmpsctas.

Msta gm pmrictm hg @hjeaEmjtrhg nmdhr nm h`sar`mr pm-sas.

Earrmeta, gh kmjtm ja qucmrmpmsas, y sm gas sheh nm mjecih. Ghthsh ja su`m parqum gas `hjeas nm-dhraj nm fhemr jmkaeca eaj mg sme-tar prcvhna. Eaj mg tapm hg prmeca nmghs thshs, gas ernctas pmrsajhgms,prmjnhrcas y mj thrdmth eaimjzh-raj h ehmr.Msta hlmeth thi`cj h gas

nmceaicsas.Earrmeta, ghs miprmshs qum

atarkh`hj jhjechicmjta y gumkavmjnhj gh ehrtmrh, hfarh tmjnrjprmecas ixcias? sm eaicmjzh hearthr gh ehnmjh nm erncta phrhtanh gh meajaih.

Mg imrehna sm ihjmdhr nmeajthna.

Earrmeta, msta cipgceh ujheajtrheecj meajiceh iuy ci-parthjtm.

âna eaimjz eaj mg eaj-trag nm prmeca nm gh thsh nm cj-

tmrs.Earrmeta, cjtmrvmjecj qum

fcza mg @hjea Emjtrhg.Rmra, mg cnmgaka ms mg icjcs-

tra Hxmg Ocecggal.Ja jas shqumias rmspajsh-

`cgcnhnms. Mg prmscnmjtm nmg @hjeaEmjtrhg, Duhj Ehrgas L`rmkh, r-i mg nmermta qum ihth hg jhjech-icmjta h ghs lhicgchs. Msta panrhfhemrqum mg eajsuia nmsecmjnhis nm ga mspmrhna.

\hias hg duceca nmg sckga.Gh Hrkmjtcjh usehr hearnhr

ujh larih nm phka? sc ga gakrh, jaehmr mj emshecj nm phkas y panrsagcecthr uj erncta cjtmrjhecajhgqum gm pasc`cgctm rmeaipajmr rmsmr-vhs. Ms cjncspmjsh`gm uj erncta nmja imjas nm u$s =.222 icggajms.

Rar qu1Rarqum tmjmias pcshnhs ci-

parthecajms par msh eclrh. Uc faygc`mrrhias gas phkas nm cipar-thecajms pmjncmjtms, ghs rmsmrvhssm u`cehrhj par nm`hda nm gas u$s0>.222 icggajms y mg nghr `gum va-ghrh par gas hcrms.

Msthias eaipgcehnas.Earrmeta, scj erncta cjtmrjh-

ecajhg mg @hjea Emjtrhg gm qucthjhjechicmjta hg smetar prcvhnaphrh qum gas `hjeas jhjecmj hg

Msthna. Mdmipga4 ghs gmtrhs mj ih-jas nmg @hjea Emjtrhg huimjthrajmj $ ;6., gas

imdarms àjas phrhcjvmrtcr? mjtrm ghsheecajms, SRL.

UHG\HNAPNCU^LHJA*

Mg Ka cmrja hjhgczhuj àja phtrctcea


45/116

LAP^]JH >=

Eia vms hg nghr1

Mg Ka`cmrja mst a`smscajhnamj eajtmjmr hg tcpa nm ehi`ca a-echg, qum hg 58 nm mjmra vhgh 6,20 yfay sm u`ceh mj 6,8=. Im phrmem qummj mg smkujna smimstrm fhy qumh`hjnajhr msth pagtceh y phshr hujh nmvhguhecj is hkrmscvh nmgnghr aechg parqum gh cjffhecj smeaic gh imdarh a`tmjcnh.

Mg nghr gum1Uc sckumj gas pra`gmihs eaj

gas `ajcsths, gh `rmefh sm u`cehr

jumvhimjtm par mjecih nmg =2%?

nm ga eajtrhrca, gh `rmefh ncsic-jucr.

S mg nghr eajvmrtc`cgc-nhn1

Ghs rmsmrvhs sm u`cehj mju$s 06.6>> icggajms y gh `hsm

iajmthrch mj $ 5 icggajms?msta tm nh uj nghr nm mqucgc`rca nm80,


46/116

>


47/116

Naeuimjta

LAP^]JH >;

Gh pmrscstmj-tm jmkgckmj-ech par gh

shgun nmg pmsaqum ehrhetmrc-z h gh kmstcjnmg @hjea Emj-

trhg nurhjtm krhj phrtm nm gh mrhocrefjmrcsth eagae h gh meajaihhrkmjtcjh hg arnm nm uj h`csialcjhjecmra. Gh ruthg shjkrh nmrmsmrvhs nm eaicmjzas nm ha jas

eajnueh crrmimnch`gmimjtm h ujheagcscj.

Duhj Ehrgas L`rmkh sm vca mj-tajems larzhna h ehi`chr nrstceh-imjtm mg ruià nm gh pagtceh ia-jmthrch phrh mvcthr gh eajermecjnm ujh jumvh ercscs. H thg mlmeta,mg @EPH ncspusa ujh smrcm nm im-

ncnhs (fcstrcehimjtm rmscstcnhspar mg ncseursa ocrefjmrcsth) eajuj a`dmtcva mxeguymjtm4 msth`cgczhrmg imrehna ehi`chrca y nmtmjmr ghshjkrh nm rmsmrvhs.

H sh`mr4 shgta ncsermta nmg tcpanm ehi`ca, eajvhgcnhjna ghs mx-pmethtcvhs nmvhguhtarchs qum nm-prcihj gh almrth jmth nm ncvcshs?lumrtm su`h nm thshs nm cjtmrs phrhhuimjthr mg easta nm apartujcnhnnm shgcr nmg pmsa y nmshgmjthr hsgh naghrczhecj nm ehrtmrhs? gictmh gh mxpascecj mj nghrms nm gas`hjeas? h`hstmecicmjta rhecajhnanm ncvcshs phrh ciparthecajms.

Mj nmlcjctcvh, L`rmkh hnaptuj rkcimj qum panrhias nm-jcr eaia rmsmrvms thrkmtcjk,msta ms, tana mg heecajhr nmg @EPHarcmjthna h msth`cgczhr mg imrehnaehi`chrca y lrmjhr gh shjkrh nmrmsmrvhs, suàrncjhjna euhgqucmratra a`dmtcva (cjeguscvm, hgkujasiuy ehras hg ocrefjmrcsia eaiamg mstiuga h gh nmihjnh a gh mx-phjscj ermnctcech) h gh eajermecjnm msh imth.

Imremn h msm kcra, L`rmkh gakr

(eaj hyunh nm gh sadh) lrmjhr gh shj-krh nm rmsmrvhs. Gh su`h nm thshsnm cjtmrs nmrcv mj ujh smvmrhhstrcjkmjech iajmthrch. Mj mlme-ta, gh hsm iajmthrch sm eajtrhdah`rupthimjtm mj tricjas rmhgms(nmffhethnh par cjffhecj).

]jh nm ghs prcjecphgms lumjtms nmprmscj sa`rm mg nghr mrh mg mxem-sa nm almrth nm pmsas. Hg h`sar`mrgcqucnmz, mg @EPH eajtrcùy hqum emncmrh gh nmihjnh nm ncvcshs.Hnmis, gh su`h nm thshs nm cjtmrseajstctuy uj cjemjtcva phrh pmr-

ihjmemr mj gh iajmnh gaehg.Gh htmrh nm imncnhs ncspumsth

par mg Emjtrhg jhgimjtm gakr sua`dmtcva4 mj h`rcg, ghs rmsmrvhs rm-vcrtcmraj gh tmjnmjech nmegcjhjtmy nmsnm mjtajems sm rmeupmrhrajmj ujas u$s 8.622 icggajms. Mg ms-emjhrca nm eagcscj jhjecmrh parhkathicmjta nm rmsmrvhs qum h ea-icmjzas nm ha phrmeh cjmvcth`gmsm lum hgmdhjna (hg imjas tmiparh-rchimjtm).

Ghs imncnhs aechgmsgakrhraj ujh lrkcgphx ehi`chrch.Gh `squmnh nmnghrms lrmseasmj gas imrehnascjtmrjhecajhgms. Ghscjeajscstmjechs mjtrmmg rmghta y gas fmefas.

RAPLMNMPCEAI]AT*


48/116

Naeuimjta

>6LAP^]JH

KPHECHU H GH UADH. Rhrh hphkhr mgcjemjnca jhjecmra, L`rmkh eajthnmis eaj gh hyunh cjmstcih`gmnm gh sadh. Mg prmeca cjtmrjhecajhgnm jumstra prcjecphg pranueta nmmxparthecj mstuva mgmvhna pmraeaj pmrspmetcvh hdcsth. Msth ms-trueturh nm prmecas cjnuda h gas

efhehrmras h hemgmrhr ghs gcqucnh-ecajms. Mj h`rcg, gas mxparthnarmshkreaghs cjkrmshraj u$s 5.522 ic-ggajms? ujas u$s >22 icggajms isqum ga mspmrh`gm smkj mg phtrj nmgcqucnhecajms nm has hjtmrcarms.

Mg ka`cmrja eajsckuc ujh trm-kuh mj mg imrehna ehi`chrca, pmrasu vckmjech mj gas prxcias imsmsja mst khrhjtczhnh. Mg eaià nmnmvhguhecj, tarjcqumtm iajmth-rca y hvhghjefh nm nghrms sadmraslrmj mg nmrrui`m nm ghs rmsmrvhs.Rmra ujh phrtm nm gh imdarh nmg`hghjem ehi`chrca ms imrhimjtm

msthecajhg4 h phrtcr nmg tmremr trc-

imstrm `hdh mg cjkrmsa nm nghrmssadmras y su`m gh shgcnh nm nghrmsmjmrktceas.

S mg tarjcqumtm iajmthrca ncsthnm smr cjaeua? nm fmefa, tcmjm ig-tcpgms mlmetas eaghtmrhgms jaecvas(pugscajms rmemscvhs, su`h nmg n-ect euhsc-sehg, mjtrm atrhs). Rarga mxpumsta, ms eghra qum gh hetuhgehgih jhjecmrh nm`m smr eajscnm-rhnh ujh trmkuh hjtms qum ujh phznmjctcvh.

Mg Ka`cmrja tmjnr qum trh`hdhr`hsthjtm phrh nathr nm sustmjth-

`cgcnhn h gh hetuhg msth`cgcnhn nmgimrehna ehi`chrca. Eh`m prmkuj-thrsm mjtajems4 qu tcmjm mj imjtmmg Ka`cmrja phrh pragajkhr gh phxehi`chrch h gh smkujnh icthn nmgha1 ana phrmem cjncehr qum, phrhpragajkhr gh trmkuh jhjecmrh, Oc-ecggal hpumsth h gh rmhpmrturh nmgerncta mxtmrja.

H eaicmjzas nmg ha, mg icjcstraOcecggal sarprmjnc eaj hgkujhs he-ecajms cjmspmrhnhs nhnas su hkhdm

cnmagkcea y su ncseursa fcstrcea.H sh`mr4 hemrehicmjta hg LIC? jm-kaechecajms eaj mg Egu` nm Rhrcs yeaj fagn-auts? phka h Pmpsag pargh mxprapchecj nm SRL y scjemrh-icmjta (phrechg) nmg CRE.

Mg prcimr pra`gmih qum mjlrmjthgh mstrhtmkch aechg phrh mvcthr ghercscs ms qum fmias ehna mj rmem-scj. Mj mstm eajtmxta, fhy lumrtmsprmscajms sa`rm mg @EPH phrh qumrmghdm su pagtceh iajmthrch. Mj ghmeajaih mstj apmrhjna nas pa-nmrashs lumrzhs rmemscvhs4 gh ehnhnmg shghrca rmhg h gh ihyar thsh nmgh mrh ocrefjmrcsth y ghs lumrtmsrmstrceecajms ermnctcechs hsaechnhshg hdustm iajmthrca.

Gh heecj nmprmscvh nm msthslumrzhs mjlrc vcagmjthimjtm h ghmeajaih. Gh mvmjtuhg hkunczhecjnm gh rmemscj eaipgcehr ghs efhj-ems nm uj nmsmjghem ja trhuitcea

pums panrh fhemr pagtcehimj-tm cjsastmjc`gm h gh hstrcjkmjechiajmthrch nmg @EPH. Nm fmefa,L`rmkh yh lum prmscajhna h hdhrgh thsh nm cjtmrs y hst msh rmgh-dhecj phrh rmffathr ghs tmjscajmsy himjhzhr gh vckmjech nm gh phxehi`chrch.

Ocecggal phrmem ja mjtmjnmr qum,

mj ghs hetuhgms ecreujsthjechs, ujhpagtceh iajmthrch imjas rmstrce-tcvh ja kmjmrhr cipugsas rmhetc-vhjtms, scja qum praiavmr turù-gmjechs jhjecmrhs qum hkrhvhrjgh rmemscj. Mg rmsthjtm rcmska qummjlrmjth gh mstrhtmkch aechg phrhggmkhr hg 028= scj ercscs ms qum mg

Ka`cmrja sm rmscstm h usehr sagu-ecajms eajscstmjtms phrh gas pra-`gmihs ihera sceas4 cjffhecj,nect sehg y rmtrhsa ehi`chrca.

^rhs gh nmvhguhecj, gh cjffhecjsm hemgmr h`rupthimjtm4 +82%cjtmrhjuhg h ihrza. Nm tanas ia-nas, pmsm h gh cjheecj nmg Icjcstm-rca nm Meajaih, mstj apmrhjnanas panmrashs lumrzhs nmscjffheca-jhrchs qum, scj nunhs, tmjnmrj hianmrhr gh prmscj hgecsth nm gasprmecas4 gh rmemscj y mg tarjcqumtmiajmthrca.

Ucj mi`hrka, gh lhgth nm uj pghjnm msth`cgczhecj cjtmkrhg qum hth-qum h gh cjffhecj cjmrechg y eaarnc-jm mxpmethtcvhs gcicth mg ciphetasa`rm gas prmecas nmg mjlrchicmjtanm gh nmihjnh y nmg lumrtm hdustmiajmthrca. Rar msths rhzajms, ja msvgcnh gh hjhgakh eaj mg hjtmemnmj-tm nm 02234 par mjtajems, gh ehnhmj rmemscj y mg hdustm iajmthrcahsaechna h gh lumrtm lukh nm ehpc-thgms fcecmraj ehmr gh cjffhecj nm06% h 85% hjuhg. Mj mstm 028>, mjehi`ca, pmsm h gh rmemscj smvmrh y

hg ruthg tarjcqumtm iajmthrca, smmspmrh ujh cjffhecj nm ja imjasnm 5=% hg ehà nmg ha.

NLCEC^ LCUEHG. ^hipaea fhy pra-krmsas mj mg lrmjtm sehg. Mg nectja phrh nm ermemr y mg prcjecphg -jhjecsth nmg ^msara sckum scmjna mg@hjea Emjtrhg. Gmdas nm imdarhr, mgphjarhih sehg tmjnc h hkrhvhrsm

^CRA NM EHI@CA JAICJHG

Rmsas par nghr

82 88 80 85 8>

6

;

5

PMUMP\HU NMG @EPH

56

5;55550585203060;

D-85 H -85 U -85 A-85 J-85 N-85 M -8> L -8> I-8> H-8> I-8>

Mj u$s icgms nm icggajms

Mg prcimr pra`gmihqum mjlrmjth gh

mstrhtmkch aechg phrhmvcthr gh ercscs ms qum

fmias ehna mj rmemscj.


49/116

LAP^]JH >3

mj mg eaicmjza nm 028>. Gh `rmefhmjtrm ghs thshs nm ermecicmjta nmkhsta prcihrca (+>8% cjtmrhjuhg) mcjkrmsas p`gceas kmjucjas (+5 mg staeo nm Gm`hes ermecnm $ 882.222 icggajms h $ 832.222 ic-ggajms. Mg nect euhsc-sehg (ehrkhnm cjtmrmsms nmg @EPH) praimtmtrmphr nm ujas $ 02.222 icggajmsmj 0285 h emreh nm $

36;

5082

-8

\HPCH@GMU IHEPA

0226 0223

Ihr 26 Ump 23 Nce 85 H`r 8>

028>

Cjffhecj (hjuhg) +03 + 8> + 0; + 5;@hsm Iajmthrch(vhr. Hjuhg) +0= += +0> +83

R@C Rraxy Rrcvhna(vhr. Hjuhg) +< -> +5 -8Nmvhguhecj (hjuhg) +0 +0< +52 += sm ggmvhrh eh`a mg 6 y 3 nm javcmi`rm mj KM@H Uhj Ihrtj.

Duhjefc @hgmcraj, mg gnmr nm gh `hjnh Gas Rmrceas, jasm vh h pmrnmr h gas Hretce Iajomys, qum sm prmsmjthrjmj Rmrsajhg Lmst 028>.

Darkm @ghjearmearnghs `hjnhs qum phshrajpar ghs jumvm mncecajms

nmg Rmrsajhg Lmst.

]jh rmprmsmjthjtm nm gheaimnch iuscehg,GhurhMsqucvmg, sm hemre h rmearnhrsus `hjnhs lhvarcths.

Lh rceca A mrta, mx `hsqumt agcsth hfarhnmncehna h gh isceh, prmsmjt su `hjnhmj Ecunhn Mimrkmjtm y ncslrut nmg iusmaGh Pmtraspmetcvh Rmrsajhg Lmst.

Ihjumgh Rhg, mj Gh PmtraspmetcvhRmrsajhg Lmst, taehjna gh `htmrh.

Ihurceca Ihercvcsct mg iusma yncslrut nm `umjh isceh.


51/116

LAP^]JH =8

>Duhj Ehrgas Nm Rh`gaIMH E]GRH MIRPMUHPCA, MG EHPPA NMGHJ^M NMG EH@HGGA

>Pasmjna Lrhkh]JH \M^H JHECAJHGCU^H X]M JAU CIRCNM UMP A@DM^C\AU

>Dasmpf M. Utckgctz]JH NMLMJUH NM GHU RAG^CEHU CJN]U^PCHGMU

>Lrhjecsea Nhz FmrimgaGAU NMUHLAU NM @PHUCG G]MKA NMG I]JNCHG

>Mnuhrna Gucs LrheefchGH MU^HJLGHECJ, MG PMKPMUA NM ]J LHJ^HUIH AEFMJ^CU^H


52/116

=0 LAP^]JH

uj thjka, sm hlcrih qum uj heta nm

earrupecj rmqucmrm uj lujecajhrca qum

ga kmjmrh y uj miprmshrca qum gm fhem mg

dumka (im eajemjtra mj mg ehsa nmg miprm-

shrca, hujqum thi`cj fhy uj heta nm

earrupecj mjtrm uj pagceh nm trjscta

y uj hutaiavcgcsth).Rums cmj, sth ms ujh iuy ihgh larih

nm hjhgczhr gh rmhgcnhn. Rarqum mj msth

ihtmrch gh rmghecj ehushg ms eruechg. Mg

lujecajhrca (a mg pagtcea) ms qucmj pra-

pajm mg heta nm earrupecj y mg miprmshrca ms

qucmj ga hempth, par mdmipga, parqum ja tcmjm is

rmimnca.

Mdmipga4 uj lh`rcehjtm nm pghjefhs utcgczh ujh

hrhjnmgh qum sga sm lh`rceh mj mg mxtmrcar.

Rrmsmjth gh Nmeghrhecj Durhnh Hjtcecphnh nm

Ciparthecj (NDHC), gh euhg par hgkujh rhzj jams hpra`hnh. Xu fhem mg lh`rcehjtm4 lrmjh gh

pranueecj, nmspcnm hg pmrsajhg y fhem qum`rhr

gh miprmsh? a `useh qum gm hprum`mj gh NDHC

eaia smh1

Mg mdmipga pghjtmhna mj mg prrhla hjtmrcar sm

aeuph nm uj miprmshrca phscva lrmjtm h gh earrup-

ecj. Rmra thi`cj mst mg ehsa nmg nmjaicjhna

ehpcthgcsia nm hickas. Uaj gas lujecajhrcas

qum sm qucmrmj mjrcqumemr rpcnhimjtm qucmjms

sm eajmethj eaj cjtmkrhjtms nmg smetar prcvhna, h

qucmjms gms pmrictmj nmshrragghr jmkaecas qum

kmjmrhj khjhjechs mxar`cthjtms, eaj mg eajsc-

kucmjtm rmtarja? a saj stas qucmjms gms prapajmj

gas jmkaecas h gas prcimras1 Nm`m fh`mr nm tana,

smkurhimjtm.

Guem iuy gcjna nmecr qum sc jcjkj miprmshrca

g 80 nm dujca gh Hsaechecj

Ercstchjh nm Ncrckmjtms nm

Miprmsh (HENM) rmujc h miprm-

shrcas y meajaicsths. Mj mg mvmj-

ta gas prcimras rmhgczhraj uj imh eugph

par gh earrupecj.

Ja nuna nm gh kmjucjcnhn qum cjspcrmg mjeumjtra, pmra im pmricta su`rhyhr

uj phr nm eajscnmrhecajms phrh nhrgm

hutmjtcecnhn eaj rmspmeta hg phshna y

pghjtmhr ghs eajncecajms qum cipmncrhj

(a hg imjas ncsicjucrhj) su rmpmtcecj mj mg

lutura.

Ja tanas gas miprmshrcas qum apmrhj mj gh

Hrkmjtcjh phrtcecphraj nmg mvmjta, nm ihjmrh

qum pra`h`gmimjtm hgkujas nm gas prmsmjtms

phrtcecphraj mj hetas nm earrupecj, pmra smku-

rhimjtm qum thi`cj ga fcecmraj iuefas qum jahscstcmraj h gh ecthnh rmujcj. Gas earruptas

prmsmjtms fh`rj fmefa uj imh eugph, pmra qu

fhrj gas earruptas husmjtms1

Is ciparthjtm tanhvh, y scmiprm eaj rmspme-

ta hg phshna, taihr mj smrca uj imh eugph miprm-

shrca rmecj nmspus qum mg `mjmlcechrca fhyh

nmvumgta gas rmeursas a`tmjcnas par hetas nm

earrupecj. Cjnmpmjncmjtmimjtm nm qum, mj mg

pghja pmjhg, sulrh atra tcpa nm eajsmeumjechs.

Aeupiajas nmg phshna y nmg prmsmjtm, pmra ja

jas qumnmias hgg. Xu tmjnrh qum aeurrcr phrh

qum h phrtcr nm ncecmi`rm nm 028= nmshphrmecmrh

gh earrupecj nm ihjmrh qum mj 0283 HENM ja

tuvcmrh qum rmhgczhr uj mvmjta scicghr hg qum

iatcv msths gjmhs1

Rar hqumgga nm qum sm jmemscthj nas phrh hcghr

EAPP]RECJ S RAG^CEH MEAJICEH

M

Imh eugph miprmshrca, mg

ehrra nmghjtm nmg eh`hgga

]j imh eugph miprmshrca, phrh smr erm`gm, rmqucmrm prmvchimjtm gh nmvaguecjnm gas `mjmecas kmjmrhnas par mg heta nm earrupecj.

Duhj Ehrgas

Nm Rh ga


53/116

LAP^]JH =5

hempthrh phkhr eacih hgkujh, jcjkj lujecajhrca

panrh eacimhr? pmra msta ckjarh gh lumrzh rmghtc-

vh nm eafmscj nm ehnh ujh nm ghs phrtms. Mj mg

Ihjclcmsta Eaiujcsth, pu`gcehna mj 86>6, Ehrgas

Ihrx gms rmeaimjn h gas trh`hdhnarms qum sm

ujcmrhj parqum sc ga fhehj, ga jcea qum tmjhj

qum pmrnmr mrhj sus ehnmjhs. Atrh vmz, gcjna nmnmecr, pmra eaia mjsmh gh fcstarch, cipasc`gm nm

cipgmimjthr.

Ja mstay fhecmjna gh hpagakh nm gh earrupecj?

mstay hyunhjna h mjtmjnmr gh lujnhimjthg hsc-

imtrh mxcstmjtm phrh qum ja sm sckh rmpctcmjna

ujh tajtmrh qum eajlujnm.

Gh guefh eajtrh gh earrupecj, mjtajems, ja

phsh par gh ianclcehecj nm gh jhturhgmzh fuih-

jh, y iuefa imjas par gh ehrkh sa`rm gh parecj

is n`cg nm gh cjtmrheecj. Rhsh par pghjtmhr gh

eumstcj eaia ujh eajsmeumjech nmg tcpa nm pag-tceh meajiceh qum sm ncsmh y sm cipgmimjth.

Ga ncka nm lrmjtm4 mg eajtrag nm prmecas, gh rmku-

ghecj smetarchg, gh praiaecj cjnustrchg, mte-

tmrh, par su ehrhetmrstceh ncsermecajhg, patmj-

echgimjtm hg imjas pghjtmh mg ehgna nm eugtcva

nm gh earrupecj. Mj ehi`ca? h qucj fhy qum

eacimhr euhjna fhy gc`mrthn nm prmecas a nm

eajtrhthecj, y gas cipumstas y gas su`scncas sm

kmjmrhgczhj, scj mxempecajms1

Ncdm patmjechgimjtm parqum vcmjm h eumjta mg

ehsa nm gh pagtceh pmtragmrh cipgmimjthnh hphrtcr nm 83=6 par Hrtura Lrajnczc y Pakmgca

Lrckmrca. Ncsermecajhg hg ixcia, eaj eajtrhtas

jmkaechnas mjtrm khggas y imnchjaefm (gh hsm

nm gh hjughecj nm gas eajtrhtas, pghjtmhnh par

Hnagla Ucgmjzc nm Uthkjc m cipgmimjthnh par

Hrtura ]i`mrta Cggch, mrh `scehimjtm larihg,

ja nm eajtmjcna), jhncm fay heush hg mx prmsc-

nmjtm y h su prcjecphg hsmsar, nm hetas nm earrup-

ecj. Rmra im phrmem qum saj gh mxempecj, is

qum gh rmkgh.

Uc mg prxcia ka`cmrja cjscstm eaj gh hpgcehecj

nm pagtcehs smgmetcvhs, ncsermecajhgms, mtetmrh,

kmjmrhr mg hi`cmjtm prapceca phrh qum hphrmz-

ehj luturas hetas nm earrupecj. Gh eumstcj,

mjtajems, mst mj mg ncsma nm gh pagtceh meajic-

eh, ja mj gh hphrcecj nm lujecajhrcas y miprmsh-

rcas hjkmgcehgms.

Eia sm phsh nm pagtcehs smgmetcvhs, ncsermeca-

jhgms y par eajsckucmjtm is earrupecj-cjtmj-

scvhs, h pagtcehs is kmjmrhgms y imjas cjtmrvmj-

ecajcsths1 Gh fcstarch meajiceh hrkmjtcjh sukcm-

rm qum gas ehi`cas saj kmjmrhnas iuefa is par

ghs ecreujsthjechs qum par gas eajvmjecicmjtas

cjtmgmetuhgms. Mgcicj gh Hrkmjtcjh gas eajtragms

ncrmetas nm prmecas parqum Lrcmnrceo Hukust vaj

Fhymo gm khj ujh pugsmhnh h Dafj Omjjmtf

Khg`rhctf1 Ja4 gas mgcicj euhjna gh pagtceh

meajiceh qum cjeguy mg eajtrag nm prmecas tmr-

icj mj ujh fcpmrcjlghecj, tarjhjna gh gc`mrthn

nm prmecas (trhjsctarchimjtm) mj hgka pagtceh y

saechgimjtm earrmeta.Kmjmrhr lcjms nm 028= ujh jumvh apartujc-

nhn1 Cipasc`gm sh`mrga, pmra hg imjas tmjkhias

mj eghra ghs hgtmrjhtcvhs. Mj Ehi`anch, gh ]jcj

Uavctceh y Eu`h, iuefas cjaemjtms pmrncmraj gh

vcnh parqum ghs hutarcnhnms prmtmjncmraj fhemr

jhemr hg fai`rm jumva. Mg vaguimj nm gh

earrupecj ja ms cjnmpmjncmjtm nm ghs pagtcehs

qum sm hpgcehj.

]jh pagtceh smgmetcvh y ncsercicjhtarchms patmjechgimjtm mg imdar ehgna nmeugtcva phrh qum eajtcjmj mxcstcmjna

hetas nm earrupecj.

OCECGGAL .Gh pagtceh meajiceh nmg Ka`cmrja mst

ihrehnh par nmecscajms ncsermecajhgms.


54/116

=> LAP^]JH

lrmjtm h gh mvmjtuhg heecj icgcthr rct-

jceh, trhjslarijnasm mg eajlgceta mj

iugtcghtmrhg.

Is hgg nm qum Ihgvcjhs fh scna, ms y

smr ujh ehush jhecajhg y qum gh shjkrm

nm gas eai`htcmjtms hrkmjtcjas ehnas mj

ghs csghs ja nm`m smr agvcnhnh, gh prmvcsc-`cgcnhn nm Hrkmjtcjh eaia phs sulrc

eaj mg eajlgceta y iastr qum su`yhem

ujh lumrtm vmth jhecajhgcsth qum cipcnm

taihr nmecscajms eaj a`dmtcvcnhn y mlceh-

ech. Ncmecaefa has is thrnm, eaj uj ka`cmrja

ecvcg nm arckmj rhncehg, gh Hrkmjtcjh tuva ujh

mstrhtmkch phrh mvc

Fortuna - julio 2014

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