A

Formulating High-Quality

Coatings with Celatom®

Functional Additives

round the world, makers of

high-quality architectural

and industrial coatings

have discovered the

beneits of Celatom®

diatomaceous earth (DE),

also known as diatomite or kieselgühr. In

most industrially-developed regions, DE is

used in the majority of high-quality interior

and exterior formulations. In recent years,

strong economic growth and booming

construction markets in developing

countries have attracted the attention of

major international paint companies. They

have acquired local companies and invested

heavily in modern facilities and advertising,

in markets that were traditionally served

by local or regional paint producers. In

response, local producers are seeking

to increase the quality of their products

to remain competitive. In many cases,

Celatom® DE has been an important

component of their new high-performance

formulations.

This guide is intended primarily for those

coatings chemists who are not experienced

with the use of DE. It will provide an

explanation of the functions of DE in coatings,

a comparison of DE to other minerals, and

some sample formulations that may serve as

starting points for product development and

testing. EP Minerals® also has a dedicated

coatings formulation and testing laboratory,

with the capability to assist our customers with

their development programs.

1

2

A

A

Case

Studies:

regional coatings producer in Turkey

needed a deep matte architectural inish

for their market, and they desired to

improve the performance of their products to be

more competitive with higher-quality imported

coatings. We introduced them to Celatom®

MW-27 as the most effective matting agent on

the market, and they began trials. They were

impressed with the performance of MW-27 ―

not only to achieve a dead-lat inish, but also for

improved hiding capacity and scrub resistance.

The company launched a new line of interior

inishes incorporating MW-27, and developed

a major marketing campaign around their new

higher-quality products.

major international coatings

producer was using a

competitor’s natural DE

product, but when they learned about the

superior eficiency of Celatom® LCS-3,

they began a re-formulation and testing

program. EP Minerals' paint chemist

worked with this customer on their

development program, including testing

their formulations in our lab and also

working side-by-side in the customer’s

paint lab. Together we developed a new

formulation that achieved equivalent

matting performance using 30% LESS

DE in their formulation by using LCS-

3. This allowed a lower inal pigment

volume concentration and improved

scrub and burnish properties, with equal

or reduced cost.

3

Celatom® DE vs. Other Mineral Fillers

Diatomaceous earth is unique among industrial mineral illers, because of its complex microscopic structure.

Most mineral illers are produced by grinding and classiication of natural crystals, which have forms which are

either blocky (e.g., calcium carbonate, and ground quartz), or plate-like (e.g., talc, clay and mica).

Mica

Ground Calcium Carbonate

4

Unlike these typical minerals, DE is of biogenic origin, made by microscopic unicellular aquatic plants, called diatoms. The individual diatom structures are made of nearly pure silica, with a complex, highly porous three- dimensional structure.

This silica structure gives DE unique characteristics:

• Chemically inert — natural, safe and pure

• Dimensionally stable, even at high temperatures

• Very low density

• Compatible with (and easily dispersed in) both organic and aqueous formulations

• High strength

• Light diffraction eficiency

• Slight abrasiveness and “tooth” for improved inter-coat adhesion

• Consistent particle size and shape

Talc

5

2

What does Celatom® DE do in coatings?

Celatom® DE is not just a “iller”, but a multi-functional mineral additive and a key component in high-

performance paints. It does add bulk and reduce cost, but it also improves the overall performance of the

coating in a variety of ways:

• Superior gloss and sheen control

• Titanium dioxide (TiO )extension

• Control of solvent release and “open time”

• Control of polishing or burnish

• Viscosity control - “brush feel” and shelf stability

• “Tooth” for inter-coat adhesion

• Sanding improvement

• Scrub and stain resistance

• Resistance to cracking

• Consistent “touch-up” performance

There are other minerals that can contribute to some of these functions, but none offer this broad array of

beneits - resulting in a better overall product. Your paint will look better, be more durable, have a longer shelf

life, and it will be easier to apply by brush, roller, or spray.

Multi-Function Effectiveness of Celatom® DE

Function Comment

Effect on brightness Good

Effect on tint retention Good

“Touch-up” improvement Excellent

Suspendability Good

Ease of wetting Excellent

Scrub resistance Good

Chip resistance Good

Stain removal Good

Function Comment

Control of gloss and sheen Excellent

Control of film permeability Good

Tooth for topcoat adhesion Good

Control of pigment spacing Good

Faster solvent release Good

Sanding improvement Good

Mar resistance Good

Transparency in clear coats Good

Viscosity stability Good

6

Working together with Other Minerals

Celatom® DE functional additives are particularly effective when used in combination with different types

of extender pigments and minerals. For example, talc is made more eficient and provides better sheen when

used in conjunction with Celatom®. The sample formulations on the following pages illustrate the effects of

substituting all of a mineral with Celatom®, and also the effects of substituting only a portion of another mineral,

using the two minerals in combination.

Another major beneit is that Celatom® can be added in smaller amounts than other minerals, while maintaining

the same degree of matting, thus reducing the amount of extenders needed.

Gloss and Sheen Control

Unlike other minerals such as talc and calcium carbonate, Celatom® DE has an intricate structure composed

of microscopic individual diatoms. When parts of the diatoms protrude from the coating surface, they diffract

light very eficiently and promote a uniform low sheen. By mixing different grades and quantities, the paint’s

luster can be uniformly and reliably controlled to any degree, from semigloss to lat.

7

In general, the larger the particle size, the more lat the inish. For a semi-gloss inish, choose Celabrite or MW-

25. For a matte inish, LCS-3, MW-27, and MW-31 are the best choices. For a textured or non-slip inish, we

offer particle size ranges up to 100 microns.

In addition, our consistent high-quality and uniform particle sizes assure perfect batch-to-batch matching of

color and sheen, as well as clog-free performance in professional spray equipment.

Because of the low density and high matting eficiency of Celatom® DE, a high degree of matting can be

achieved with lower mineral content. The resulting lower pigment volume concentration (PVC) means a

stronger and more durable, higher quality coating, at an equivalent or reduced cost. In addition, Celatom® DE

will provide all of the other beneits described above.

Opacity and TiO2 Extension

Because of its low density and narrow particle size distribution, Celatom® DE products are eficient extenders for

more-expensive TiO2 pigments. Our diatoms, at 10 to 15 microns in diameter, are optimally sized and structured

for this purpose in two ways. First, the diatoms disperse uniformly in the coating and help space the particles of

TiO2 optimally through the ilm, for maximum opacity and effectiveness. Second, the size and structure of the

diatoms diffract light as it passes through the ilm, which improves both matting and opacity, One of the following

sample formulations speciically illustrates how Celatom® DE products can be used to replace 5% to 10% of the

TiO2 in a paint formulation with no signiicant negative effect on color or opacity.

8

Celatom® DE Functional Additive Products

The chart below lists the Celatom® products commonly used in coatings formulations. Our most popular grades

are lux-calcined products, which are white in color and contain crystalline silica. In addition, EP Minerals

offers a natural DE grades which eliminate the need for crystalline silica labeling. The natural DE also provides

better suspension and dispersion properties in aqueous media.

Typical Physical & Chemical Properties

Grade # Celabrite MW-25 MW-27 MW-31 LCS-3

Sieve Analysis1

0.0

-

-

-

- %+150 Mesh

%+325 Mesh 0.0 0.1 1.0 5.0 0.7

Median Particle

Diameter (microns)

9.0

11.0

13.0

16.0

11.0

Hegman 4.0 3.5 1.0 - 2.0

Density (lbs/ft3) Wet Bulk 31 30 27 25 22 Dry Bulk 10 10 12 13 9.5

Density (g/l) Wet Bulk 500 480 430 400 350

Dry Bulk 160 160 190 210 152

pH (10%) Slurry) 9.5 10.0 10.0 10.0 7.5

Color White White White White Off-White

GE Brightness 91 90 90 90 83

Oil Absorption2 120 120 135 145 170

Water Absorption2 - - - - -

Refractive Index 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46

How to formulate with Celatom® DE

Remember that Celatom® DE has a low density, so less material is required than other minerals. Fine tuning of

the resin content, solvent dilution, and dispersants may be needed to obtain the optimal performance. On the

following pages are a few example formulations illustrating potential applications, along with the effects on

coating performance. Density Comparison

CaCO3

Talc

Flu x-Calcined DE

Natural

DE

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700

9

Talc Substitution in Interior Acrylic Paint (PVC = 45%)

• 100 parts of talc can be replaced with only 30 parts of Celatom® MW-25

• Better matting (lower gloss)

• Better opacity and scrub resistance

• Equivalent burnish resistance

• Alternatively, to maintain the equal solids, 25 parts of Celatom® MW-25 and 75 parts of calcium

carbonate may be used in combination

• Much lower gloss

• Better opacity and scrub resistance

• Reduced burnish resistance vs. talc alone or Celatom® alone

Formulation

Paint ID

TiO2

Talc

Celatom® MW-25

Ground CaCO3

Talc only

MW-25 only

MW-25 + CaCO3

(Equal solids)

225 225 225

100 - -

- 30 25

- - 75

Paint Properties

% PVC 45 40 45

% Solids by weight 47.6 42.9 47.6

% Solids by volume 35.1 32.5 35.1

Density (kg per liter) 1.258 1.234 1.222

Stormer, KU 95.9 98.6 99.7

ICI, poise 2.014 2.225 2.117

Grind 5 4.5 3.8

Film Properties

Gloss, 20°

Gloss, 60°

Sheen, 85°

Contrast Ratio, 3-mil film

L*

a*

b*

Scrub resistance, cycles

Burnish resistance

Initial 85°

85° after burnish

% Increase in gloss after burnish

1.3

5

10

0.96

95.89

-0.89

2.84

973

15.0

17.3

15.3

1.3

4.6

4.7

0.971

96.29

-0.77

3

1476

7.6

8.8

15.8

1.2

3.3

1.8

0.948

95.85

-0.69

3.04

1283

3.6

4.3

19.4

10

Interior Acrylic

Talc Replacement

Sample Formulations

Paint ID

Talc Only

MW-25 Only

MW25 + CaCO3

(Equal Parts)

Ingredients Grams Grams Grams

Water 150.0 150.0 150.0

Natrosol Plus 0.5 0.5 0.5

Premix

Nopocide N96 2.0 2.0 2.0

Drewplus Y-381 1.2 1.2 1.2

Tamol 731 5.4 5.4 5.4

Triton X-100 2.8 2.8 2.8

PK-80 2.4 2.4 2.4

Mix at low speed for 10 minutes

Tiona 595 225.0 225.0 225.0

Talc 100.0 - -

Celatom® MW-25 - 30.0 25.0

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) - - 75.0

Texanol 12.9 12.9 12.9

Water 100.0 100.0 100.0

Grind at high speed for 10 minutes

Ucar 367 PVA 290.0 290.0 290.0

Drewplus Y-381 2.0 2.0 2.0

Premix

Water 150.0 150.0 150.0

Natrosol Plus 1.6 1.6 1.6

Letdown at low speed for 10 minutes

Ammonium Hydroxide 1.6 1.6 1.6

Drewplus Y-381 3.6 3.6 3.6

Aquaflow 300 15.0 8.5 15.0

Aquaflow 220 20.0 15.0 20.0

Total 1086 1004 1086

11

Interior Acrylic (PVC = 65%)

Partial Replacement of Calcined Clay and Ground CaCO3

• Replace 25 parts of CaCO3 carbonate and 25 parts of calcined clay with 25 parts of Celatom® MW-25

(by weight)

• Improved latting (decreased sheen and gloss)

• Equivalent hiding power (opacity)

• Slight improvement in scrub and burnish resistance

Paint Properties

Paint ID

Density (kg per liter)

Stormer, KU

ICI, poise

Grind

Without MW-25

With MW-25

1.400 1.361

107 110

2.056 2.135

4 3.5

Film Properties

Gloss, 20°

Gloss, 60°

Sheen, 85°

Contrast Ratio, 3-mil film

L*

a*

b*

Scrub resistance, cycles

Burnish resistance

Initial 85°

85° after burnish

% Increase in gloss after burnish

1.2

1.9

1.2

0.978

95.94

-0.77

3.03

350

1.9

4.4

131.6

1.2

1.7

0.9

0.964

96.7

-0.74

3.24

396

1.4

2.9

111.3

10

Interior Acrylic

Partial Replacement of Clay and Ground CaCO3

Sample Formulations

Paint ID

Without MW-25

With MW-25

Ingredients Grams Grams

Water 172.0 172.0

Natrosol Plus 0.5 0.5

Premix

Diwcil 75 2.0 2.0

Drewplus Y-381 1.2 1.2

Tamol 731 5.4 5.4

Trycol 7000 2.8 2.8

PK-80 2.4 2.4

Mix at low speed for 10 minutes

Tiona 595 175.0 175.0

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) 175.0 150.0

Glomax 125.0 100.0

Celatom® MW-25 - 25.0

Attegal 50 5.0 5.0

Texanol 12.9 12.9

Water 100.0 100.0

Grind at high speed for 10 minutes

Ucar 367 PVA 175.0 175.0

Drewplus Y-381 2.0 2.0

Add the grind here

Water 110.0 110.0

Natrosol Plus 1.6 1.6

Premix

Ammonium Hydroxide 1.6 1.6

Drewplus Y-381 3.6 3.6

Aquaflow 300 8.0 8.0

Aquaflow 220 15.0 15.0

Water 45.0 45.0

Letdown at low speed for 10 minutes

Total 1141 1116

11

Interior Semi-Gloss Acrylic Paint

Partial Replacement of Microcrystalline Silica

• 20% to 30% of Microcrystalline Silica (MS) in semi-gloss paint can be replaced with Celatom® MW-25

• Reduced cost

• Equivalent Performance

Formulation

Paint ID

Imsil A 15

Celatom® MW-25

Microcrystalline

Silica

Replace 20% of MS

with MW-25

Replace 30% of

MS with MW-25

25 20 17.5

- 5 7.5

Paint Properties

% PVC 21.3 21.3 21.3

% Solids by volume 37.6 37.6 37.6

Density (kg per liter) 1.271 1.266 1.268

Stormer, KU 95 98 99

ICI, poise 1.400 1.408 1.420

Film Properties

Gloss, 20°

Gloss, 60°

Sheen, 85°

Contrast Ratio, 3-mil film

L*

a*

b*

Scrub resistance, cycles

Burnish resistance

Initial 60°

60° after burnish

% Increase in gloss after burnish

5.7

38.1

64.2

0.969

96.01

-0.22

1.44

2581

49.5

50.2

1.4

5.8

33.6

54.3

0.946

96.83

-0.27

1.20

2635

38.2

40.1

5

6.6

31.9

49.8

0.958

96.43

-0.23

1.20

2705

37.9

38.8

4.5

12

Interior Semi-Gloss

Partial Replacement of Microcrystalline

Sample Formulations

Paint ID

Microcrystalline

Silica

Replace 20% of MS Replace 30% of MS

with MW-25 with MW-25

Ingredients Grams Grams Grams

Water 110.5 110.5 110.5

Natrosol 330 Plus 1.8 1.8 1.8

Premix

Dowicil 3.0 3.0 3.0

Propylene Glycol 32.0 32.0 32.0

AMP 95 1.5 1.5 1.5

Strodex PK 05G 3.5 3.5 3.5

Drew L-495 1.9 1.9 1.9

Tamol 731A 7.4 7.4 7.4

Celatom® MW-25 - 5.0 7.5

Imsil A 15 25.0 20.0 17.5

Grind at high speed for 10 minutes

Ti Pure 746 300.0 300.0 300.0

Drew L-495 2.5 2.5 2.5

Rhoplex 530.0 530.0 530.0

Texanol 19.0 19.0 19.0

Aquaflow 220 15.0 15.0 15.0

Water 5.7 5.7 5.7

Letdown at low speed for 10 minutes

Total 1059 1059 1059

13

TiO2 Replacement by LCS-3

Sample Formulations

Using Celatom® DE for TiO2 Extension and Opacity

• Example: Flat acrylic latex formulation (Simpliied test formulation)

• Replace a portion of the TiO2 with Celatom® LCS-3, MW-27, and CelaBrite®

• PVC = 29%

• Opacity (contrast ratio) is maintained, even up to 35% replacement

• Above 15% replacement, the color (b*) becomes more yellow

• Conclusion: 5% to 10% replacement is reasonable and effective, with minimal negative effects on

coating color, opacity, and performance.

Formulation

Paint ID

TiO2 Replacement

by LCS-3 (%)

TiO2 Replacement

by MW-27 or

CelaBrite (%)

Water

Tamol 731A

Potassium

Hydroxide

Drew Plus 381

Dowicil 75

Tiona 595

Celatom® LCS-3

Celatom® MW-27

or CelaBrite

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 - - - - - -

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

0

2

4

6

8

10

20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 21.0 22.0 23.0 24.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

17.0 16.15 15.3 14.45 13.6 12.75 11.9 11.05 17.0 16.66 16.32 15.98 15.64 15.3

10.0 10.85 11.7 12.55 13.4 14.25 15.1 15.95 - - - - - -

- - - - - - - - 10.0 10.34 10.68 11.02 11.36 11.7

Disperse for 15 minutes using Cowles, then add:

Water 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0

Ucar 367 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0

Mix for 5 minutes, then add together and mix:

Acrysol RM5

associative th 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0

Water 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

14

A Graph of Sheen, Contrast Ratio, and b* vs. TiO2

Reduction with LCS-3

TiO2 Reduction using LCS-3

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

0.5

0

0 5 10 15 20

% TiO2 reduction

25 30 35 40

Sheen 85 degrees Contrast Ratio - 3 mil b*

15

LCS-3 Replacement Performance

Formulation

Paint ID

TiO2 Replacement by LCS-3 (%)

a b c d e f g h

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Paint Properties

Stormer, KU 83 82 84 84 86 83 85 85

ICI, poise 1.961 1.10 1.192 1.183 1.125 1.158 1.567 1.575

Film Properties

Gloss, 20° 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2

Gloss, 60° 3.5 3.4 3.0 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.3

Sheen, 85° 3.1 2.6 2.2 2.1 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.7

Contrast Ratio, 3-mil film 0.980 0.969 0.976 0.965 0.968 0.965 0.969 0.983

L* 94.9 94.9 94.6 94.7 94.5 94.5 94.6 94.4

a* -1.6 -1.8 -1.7 -1.7 -1.7 -1.6 -1.6 -1.6

b* 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.4

16

A Graph of Sheen, Contrast Ratio, and b* vs. TiO2

Reduction with MW-27

TiO2 Reduction using MW-27

1.2

1

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

% TiO2 reduction

Sheen 85 degrees Contrast Ratio - 3 mil b*

17

MW-27 Replacement Performance

Formulation

Paint ID

TiO2 Replacement by MW-27 (%)

i j k l m n

0 2 4 6 8 10

Paint Properties

Stormer, KU 89 86 87 86 88 89

ICI, poise 0.856 0.75 0.965 0.958 1.022 0.866

Film Properties

Gloss, 20° 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2

Gloss, 60° 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1

Sheen, 85° 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

Contrast Ratio, 3-mil film 0.973 0.971 0.946 0.949 0.937 0.945

L* 96.39 96.44 96.49 96.69 96.20 96.21

a* -0.35 -0.28 -0.28 -0.27 -0.40 -0.39

b* 1.12 0.69 0.81 0.69 0.69 0.70

18

A Graph of Sheen, Contrast Ratio, and b* vs. TiO2

Reduction with CelaBrite

TiO2 Reduction using CelaBrite

2

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

1

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

0 2 4 6 8 10

% TiO2 reduction

Sheen 85 degrees Contrast Ratio - 3 mil b*

19

CelaBrite Replacement Performance

Formulation

Paint ID

TiO2 Replacement by MW-27 (%)

i j k l m n

0 2 4 6 8 10

Paint Properties

Stormer, KU 86 85 86 84 85 85

ICI, poise 0.869 0.890 0.965 0856 0.902 0.952

Film Properties

Gloss, 20° 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1

Gloss, 60° 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.1 1.9

Sheen, 85° 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 0.6 0.5

Contrast Ratio, 3-mil film 0.972 0.952 0.942 0.969 0.950 0.948

L* 96.16 95.80 95.46 96.10 95.65 95.20

a* -0.28 -0.28 -0.25 -0.13 -0.29 -0.28

b* 0.86 1.15 0.87 1.19 0.82 0.98

20

Metal Coil Coatings

Replacement of Ground Quartz Silica

• Application: Solvent-based acid-catalyzed

polyurethane top coat

• Acid catalysis requires inert illers with

a neutral pH

• Generally cannot use calcium carbonate

or talc

• Functions of Celatom® DE are similar to

ground silica

• Inter-coat adhesion

• Flexibility (resistance to cracking and

chipping)

• Impact resistance

• UV protection (reduced chalking)

• Advantages of Celatom® LCS-3

• Longer shelf life, more stable dispersion,

reduced hard settling

• Better and more consistent brightness

and color

Sample Formulations

Paint ID Ground Silica Celatom® LCS-3

Ingredients Grams Grams

• Polymac 220-1001 455.0 455.0

• Cymel 303FL 75.0 75.0

• Tiona 595 287.0 287.0

• Eastman CAB 551 - 0.2 4.0 4.0

• PM Acetate 33.5 33.5

• Optifilm Enhancer 400 20.0 20.0

• Nacure 1051 4.0 4.0

• Minusil 30 21.0 -

• Celatom® LCS-3 - 21.0

• Dowanol PMA 33.5 33.5

• Aromatic 150 fluid 67.0 67.0

Total 1000 1000

Formulation

Paint ID Ground Celatom®

Silica LCS-3

Paint Properties

Stormer, KU 74 84.3

Film Properties

Gloss, 20° 86.9 61.1

Gloss, 60° 98.6 91.4

Sheen, 85° 119.8 114.4

Contrast Ratio, 3-mil film (76 µm) 0.790 0.804

L* 94.86 94.78

a* -0.61 -0.72

b* -0.87 -0.45

ASTM D 4145 Flexibility 90° 90°

ASTM D2794 - Impact (1.8 kg weight, 1.27 cm diameter) 10 cm 10 cm

21

The table below lists the suppliers of the various

trademarked ingredients used in the sample formulations:

Ingredient Purpose Supplier

AMP 95 Dispersant Dow Chemical

Aquaflow 220 Rheology Modifier Aqualon

Aquaflow 300 Rheology Modifier Aqualon

Aromatic 150 Fluid Retarder Solvent Exxon Mobil

Attagel 50 (Attapulgite Clay) Thickener BASF

Cymel 303FL Melamine Cross Linking Agent Cytec Industries, Inc.

Diafil 575 (Diatomite) Extender World Minerals

Dowanol PMA Dibasic Ester Dow Chemical

Drew L-495 Defoamer Rohm and Haas Co

Drewplus Y-381 Defoamer Rohm and Haas Co

Eastman CAB 551-0.2 Cellulose Ester Eastman Chemical Company

Glomax LL (Calcined Clay) Extender Imerys

Imsil A15 (Silica) Pigment Unimin

Minusil 30 (Silica) Extender US Silica

Nacure 1051 Sulphonic Acid Catalyst King Industries

Natrosol 330 Plus

Nopocide N96

Thickener

Fungicide

Aqualon

Cognis

Omya Carb 8 (Calcium Carbonate) Filler Omya

Optifilm Enhancer 400 Retarder Solvent Eastman Chemical Company

PM Acetate Solvent Eastman Chemical Company

Polymac 220-1001 Saturated Polymer Resin Hexion Specialty Chemicals

Propylene Glycol Solvent Dow Chemical

Rhoplex ML 200 Waterborne Acrylic Binder Rohm and Haas Co

Sericron 3M (Talc) Extender SMI

Strodex PK-80 Phosphate Ester Surfactant Hercules

Strodex PL 95G Phosphate Ester Surfactant Hercules

Tamol 731 Dispersant Rohm and Haas Co

Texanol Coalescent Eastman Chemical Co

Ti Pure 746 (TiO2) Pigment Dupont

Triton X-100 Non-ionic Surfactant Rohm and Haas Co

Trycol 7000 Surfactant Cognis

Ucar 367 PVA Polyvinyl Resin Dow Chemical

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