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Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives: Standards for Reformulated andConventional Gasoline[Federal Register: February 16, 1994]

ENVIRONMENTA !ROTE"TION A#EN"$4% "FR !art &%[AM'(FR(4&1)(&] Regulati*+ * Fuels a+d Fuel Additi-es: 'ta+dards *rRe*r.ulated a+d "*+-e+ti*+al #as*li+e

A#EN"$: E+-ir*+.e+tal !r*te/ti*+ Age+/y0 A"TION: Fi+al rule0

'MMAR$: T2r*ug2 t2e a.e+ded "lea+ Air A/t * 199%, "*+gress .a+datedt2at E!A 3r*.ulgate +e regulati*+s re5uiri+g t2at gas*li+e s*ld i+/ertai+ areas be re*r.ulated t* redu/e -e2i/le e.issi*+s * t*i/ a+d*7*+e(*r.i+g /*.3*u+ds0 T2is d*/u.e+t i+ali7es t2e rules *r t2e/ertii/ati*+ a+d e+*r/e.e+t * re*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d 3r*-isi*+s*r u+re*r.ulated *r /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e0

8ATE': T2e regulati*+s *r t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. areee/ti-e *+ Mar/2 1&, 19940 T2e i+/*r3*rati*+ by reere+/e * /ertai+3ubli/ati*+s listed i+ t2e regulati*+s is a33r*-ed by t2e 8ire/t*r *t2e Federal Register as * Mar/2 1&, 19940 T2e i+*r.ati*+ /*lle/ti*+re5uire.e+ts /*+tai+ed i+ 4% "FR 3art &% 2a-e +*t bee+ a33r*-ed by t2eOi/e * Ma+age.e+t a+d udget OM; a+d are +*t ee/ti-e u+til OM2as a33r*-ed t2e.0 E!A ill 3ublis2 a d*/u.e+t i+ t2e Federal Register*ll*i+g OM a33r*-al * t2e i+*r.ati*+ /*lle/ti*+ re5uire.e+ts0 Retail sale * re*r.ulated gas*li+e ill begi+ *+ <a+uary 1, 199=,as ill t2e 3r*-isi*+s *r t2e >>si.3le .*del?? /ertii/ati*+, t2ea+ti(du.3i+g 3r*gra. *r /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e, a+d t2e ass*/iatede+*r/e.e+t 3r*/edures0 F*r all e+sui+g se/ti*+s * t2is d*/u.e+t, t2e3r*gra.?s begi++i+g date * <a+uary 1, 199= reers *+ly t* t2e retailsale * re*r.ulated gas*li+e0; "ertii/ati*+ * re*r.ulated gas*li+eby t2e >>/*.3le .*del?? a+d /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e !2ase II 3er*r.a+/esta+dards, ill begi+ <a+uary 1, 199& a+d <a+uary 1, @%%%,res3e/ti-ely0

A88RE''E': Materials rele-a+t t* t2is FRM are /*+tai+ed i+ !ubli/8*/ets A(9@(%1 a+d A(9@(1@, l*/ated at r**. M(1=%%, Baterside Mall



gr*u+d l**r;, 0'0 E+-ir*+.e+tal !r*te/ti*+ Age+/y, 4%1 M 'treet 'B0,Bas2i+gt*+, 8" @%46%0 T2e d*/et .ay be i+s3e/ted r*. & a0.0 u+til 1@+**+ a+d r*. 1:C% 30.0 u+til C 30.0 M*+day t2r*ug2 Friday0 Areas*+able ee .ay be /2arged by E!A *r /*3yi+g d*/et .aterials0FOR FRTDER INFORMATION "ONTA"T:

!aul Ma/2iele re*r.ulated gas*li+e re5uire.e+ts;, 0'0 E!A R8'8(1@;,Regulati*+ 8e-el*3.e+t a+d 'u33*rt 8i-isi*+, @=6= !ly.*ut2 R*ad, A++

Arb*r, MI 4&1%=, Tele32*+e: C1C; 66&(4@640#e*rge are+/e re*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d a+ti(du.3i+g e+*r/e.e+tre5uire.e+ts;, 0'0 E!A 64%6<;, Field O3erati*+s a+d 'u33*rt 8i-isi*+,=%1 Crd 'treet, Bas2i+gt*+, 8" @%%%=, Tele32*+e: @%@; @CC(9C%)0

'!!EMENTAR$ INFORMATION: T*day?s i+al rule is 3re/eded by *ur3re-i*us +*ti/es: a+ i+itial +*ti/e 3r*3*si+g sta+dards *rre*r.ulated a+d /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e N!RM; 3ublis2ed *+ <uly 9, 1991=6 FR C11)6;, a su33le.e+tal +*ti/e 'N!RM; 3ublis2ed *+ A3ril 16,199@ =) FR 1C416;, a+ additi*+al N!RM 3ublis2ed *+ February @6, 199C=& FR 11)@@;, a+d a +*ti/e * /*rre/ti*+ *r !2ase II sta+dards3ublis2ed *+ A3ril 1, 199C =& FR 1)1)=;0 I+s*ar as t2e rulesi+ali7ed t*day .irr*r t2e 3r*3*sed sta+dards, t2*se 3re-i*us d*/u.e+ts.ay be reerred t*0

T*day?s 3rea.ble e3lai+s t2e basis a+d 3ur3*se * t2e i+al rule,*/usi+g *+ issues t2at 2a-e bee+ re-ised si+/e t2e 3ubli/ati*+ * t2e/*rre/ti*+ +*ti/e *r t2e !2ase II 3er*r.a+/e sta+dards =& FR 1)1)=;0'u33*rt d*/u.e+ts, i+/ludi+g t2e Regulat*ry I.3a/t A+alysis RIA;, area-ailable i+ !ubli/ 8*/et N*0 A(9@(1@0 T* Re5uest "*3ies * T2is Fi+al Rule "*+ta/t: 8el*res Fra+, 0'0E!A R8'8(1@;, Regulati*+ 8e-el*3.e+t a+d 'u33*rt 8i-isi*+, @=6=!ly.*ut2 R*ad, A++ Arb*r, MI 4&1%=, Tele32*+e: C1C; 66&(4@9=0 "*3ies * t2e 3rea.ble, t2e Fi+al Regulat*ry I.3a/t A+alysis RIA;,t2e Res3*+ses t* "*..e+ts *+ E+*r/e.e+t !r*-isi*+s R"E!;, t2e /*.3le.*del, t2e si.3le .*del a+d t2e regulati*+s *r t2e re*r.ulatedgas*li+e rule.ai+g are a-ailable *+ t2e OA!' Te/2+*l*gy Tra+serNet*r ulleti+ *ard 'yste. TTN';0 T2e TTN' /a+ be a//essed it2a dial(i+ 32*+e li+e a+d a 2ig2(s3eed .*de. !D 919(=41(=)4@;0 T2e3arity * y*ur .*de. s2*uld be set t* +*+e, t2e data bits t* &, a+d t2est*3 bits t* 10 Eit2er a 1@%%, @4%%, *r 96%% baud .*de. s2*uld be used0B2e+ irst sig+i+g *+, t2e user ill be re5uired t* a+ser s*.e basi/i+*r.ati*+al 5uesti*+s *r registrati*+ 3ur3*ses0 Ater /*.3leti+g t2eregistrati*+ 3r*/ess, 3r*/eed t2r*ug2 t2e *ll*i+g series * .e+us: M; OM' G; Rule.ai+g a+d Re3*rti+g C; Fuels 9; Re*r.ulated gas*li+e



A list * HI! iles ill be s2*+, all * 2i/2 are related t* t2ere*r.ulated gas*li+e rule.ai+g 3r*/ess0 T2e si d*/u.e+ts .e+ti*+edab*-e ill be i+ t2e *r. * a HI! ile a+d /a+ be ide+tiied by t2e*ll*i+g titles: >>!REAME0HI!?? 3rea.ble; >>RIAFINA0HI!?? RIA;

>>ENFOR"E0HI!?? R"E!; >>E!AFINA0HI!?? /*.3le .*del;>>MO8FINA0HI!?? si.3le .*del; >>RE#FINA0HI!?? regulati*+s;0 T*d*+l*ad t2ese iles, ty3e t2e i+stru/ti*+s bel* a+d tra+sera//*rdi+g t* t2e a33r*3riate s*tare *+ y*ur /*.3uter:

J8K*+l*ad, J!Kr*t*/*l, JEKa.i+e, JNKe, JKist, *r JDel3 'ele/ti*+ *rJ"RK t* eit: 8 ile+a.e07i3

$*u ill be gi-e+ a list * tra+ser 3r*t*/*ls r*. 2i/2 y*u .ust/2**se *+e t2at .at/2es it2 t2e ter.i+al s*tare *+ y*ur *+/*.3uter0 T2e+ g* i+t* y*ur *+ s*tare a+d tell it t* re/ei-e t2eile usi+g t2e sa.e 3r*t*/*l0 !r*gra.s a+d i+stru/ti*+s *r dear/2i-i+g/*.3ressed iles /a+ be *u+d -ia J'Kyste.s tilities r*.t2e t*3 .e+u, u+der JAKr/2i-ersLde(ar/2i-ers0

I0 a/gr*u+d

T2e 3ur3*se * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e regulati*+s is t* i.3r*-eair 5uality by re5uiri+g t2at gas*li+e be re*r.ulated t* redu/e .*t*r-e2i/le e.issi*+s * t*i/ a+d tr*3*s32eri/ *7*+e(*r.i+g /*.3*u+ds, as3res/ribed by se/ti*+ @11;1; * t2e "lea+ Air A/t "AA *r t2e A/t;,as a.e+ded0 T2is se/ti*+ * t2e A/t .a+dates t2at re*r.ulated gas*li+ebe s*ld i+ t2e +i+e largest .etr*3*lita+ areas it2 t2e .*st se-eresu..erti.e *7*+e le-els a+d *t2er *7*+e +*+attai+.e+t areas t2at *3ti+t* t2e 3r*gra.0 It als* 3r*2ibits /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e s*ld i+ t2erest * t2e /*u+try r*. be/*.i+g a+y .*re 3*lluti+g t2a+ it as i+199%0 T2is re5uire.e+t e+sures t2at rei+ers d* +*t >>du.3?? uel/*.3*+e+ts t2at are restri/ted i+ re*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d t2at /ausee+-ir*+.e+tally 2ar.ul e.issi*+s i+t* /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e0 'e/ti*+ @11;l; dire/ts E!A t* issue regulati*+s t2at, begi++i+gi+ 199=, >>re5uire t2e greatest redu/ti*+ i+ e.issi*+s * *7*+e(*r.i+ga+d t*i/ air 3*lluta+ts >>t*i/s??; a/2ie-able t2r*ug2 t2ere*r.ulati*+ * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e, tai+g i+t* /*+siderati*+ t2e/*st * a/2ie-i+g su/2 e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s, a+y +*+ air(5uality a+d*t2er air(5uality related 2ealt2 a+d e+-ir*+.e+tal i.3a/ts a+d e+ergyre5uire.e+ts0?? T2e A/t .a+dates /ertai+ re5uire.e+ts *r t2ere*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.0 'e/ti*+ @11;C; s3e/iies t2at t2e.i+i.u. re5uire.e+t *r redu/ti*+s * -*latile *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds VO";a+d t*i/s *r 199= t2r*ug2 1999, *r !2ase I * t2e re*r.ulatedgas*li+e 3r*gra., .ust re5uire t2e .*re stri+ge+t * eit2er a *r.ulauel *r a+ e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard, .easured *+ a .assbasis, e5ual t* 1= 3er/e+t * baseli+e e.issi*+s0 aseli+e e.issi*+s



are t2e e.issi*+s * 199% .*del year -e2i/les *3erated *+ a s3e/iiedbaseli+e gas*li+e0 "AA /*.3*siti*+al s3e/ii/ati*+s *r re*r.ulatedgas*li+e i+/lude a @0% eig2t 3er/e+t *yge+ .i+i.u. a+d a 10% -*lu.e3er/e+t be+7e+e .ai.u.0

F*r t2e year @%%% a+d bey*+d, t2e A/t s3e/iies t2at t2e VO" a+dt*i/s 3er*r.a+/e sta+dards .ust be +* less t2a+ t2at * t2e *r.ulauel *r a @= 3er/e+t redu/ti*+ r*. baseli+e e.issi*+s, 2i/2e-er is.*re stri+ge+t0 E!A /a+ adust t2is sta+dard u3ard *r d*+ard tai+gi+t* a//*u+t su/2 a/t*rs as easibility a+d /*st, but i+ +* /ase /a+it be less t2a+ @% 3er/e+t0 T2ese are +*+ as t2e !2ase IIre*r.ulated gas*li+e 3er*r.a+/e sta+dards0 Tae+ t*get2er, se/ti*+s@11;1; a+d @11;C; /all *r t2e Age+/y t* set sta+dards t2ata/2ie-e t2e .*st stri+ge+t le-el * /*+tr*l, tai+g i+t* a//*u+t t2es3e/iied a/t*rs, but +* less stri+ge+t t2a+ t2*se des/ribed byse/ti*+ @11;C;0

T2e reader .ay reer t* t2e A3ril 16, 199@ 'N!RM =) FR 1C416; a+dt2e February @6, 199C N!RM =& FR 11)@@; des/ribed i+ .*re detailbel*;, t2e February 199C 8rat Regulat*ry I.3a/t A+alysis 8RIA;, t2eFi+al Regulat*ry I.3a/t A+alysis RIA;, a+d !ubli/ 8*/ets A(91(%@ a+d

A(9@(1@ *r a t2*r*ug2 des/ri3ti*+ * t2e g*als a+d regulat*ryde-el*3.e+t * t2e re*r.ulated a+d a+ti(du.3i+g 3r*gra.s a+ddis/ussi*+s * a +u.ber * ass*/iated te/2+i/al issues0

A0 Regulat*ry Neg*tiati*+ Reg Neg;

'2*rtly ater 3assage * t2e "lea+ Air A/t A.e+d.e+ts * 199%, E!Ae+tered i+t* a regulat*ry +eg*tiati*+ it2 i+terested 3arties t*de-el*3 s3e/ii/ 3r*3*sals *r i.3le.e+ti+g b*t2 t2e re*r.ulatedgas*li+e a+d related a+ti(du.3i+g 3r*gra.s0 T2ese 3arties i+/ludedre3rese+tati-es * t2e *il a+d aut*.*bile i+dustries, -e2i/le *+ers,state air 3*lluti*+ /*+tr*l *i/ials, *yge+ate su33liers, gas*li+eretailers, e+-ir*+.e+tal *rga+i7ati*+s, a+d /iti7e+s? gr*u3s0 'ee t2e1991 N!RM *r t2e .e.bers * t2e +eg*tiati+g /*..ittee a+d a dis/ussi*+* t2e 3r*/ess *r sele/ti+g t2e.0;

I+ August 1991 t2e /*..ittee rea/2ed /*+se+sus *+ a 3r*gra. *utli+ea+d sig+ed a+ >>Agree.e+t i+ !ri+/i3le?? des/ribi+g t2at /*+se+sus0 E!Aagreed t* 3r*3*se a t*(ste3 a33r*a/2 t* re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 T2eirst ste3 *uld tae ee/t i+ 199= a+d utili7e a >>si.3le .*del?? t*/ertiy t2at a gas*li+e .eets a33li/able e.issi*+ redu/ti*+ sta+dards0T2e si.3le .*del all*s /ertii/ati*+ based *+ a uel?s *yge+,be+7e+e, 2ea-y .etal a+d ar*.ati/s /*+te+t a+d Reid Va3*r !ressureRV!;0

+der t2e se/*+d ste3, a//*rdi+g t* t2e regulat*ry +eg*tiati*+



agree.e+t, E!A *uld 3r*3*se a >>/*.3le .*del?? t* su33la+t t2e si.3le.*del *r /ertiyi+g /*.3lia+/e it2 t2ese sta+dards0 "ertii/ati*+u+der t2e /*.3le .*del *uld tae ee/t 4 years ater it is3r*.ulgated0 E!A als* agreed t* 3r*3*se t2e .*re stri+ge+t !2ase IIe.issi*+ 3er*r.a+/e sta+dards0

0 <uly 9, 1991 N!RM =6 FR C11)6;

T2e irst N!RM *r t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. as 3ublis2ed3ri*r t* t2e /*+/lusi*+ *+ t2e regulat*ry +eg*tiati*+s0 N*r.ally, i+ a+eg*tiated rule.ai+g, su/2 a reg(+eg /*..ittee .eets t* de-el*3 a3r*3*sed rule 2i/2 ill be a//e3table t* all 3arties0 I /*+se+sus isrea/2ed *+ a 3r*3*sed rule, it is 3ublis2ed as a+ N!RM0 T2e /*..ittee.e.bers a+d t2e e+tities t2ey re3rese+t agree t* su33*rt t2e 3r*3*sala+d +*t t* see udi/ial re-ie * t2e i+al rule i it 2as t2e sa.esubsta+/e a+d ee/t as t2e /*+se+sus 3r*3*sal0 I+ t2is /ase, E!A3ublis2ed a+ N!RM 2ile t2e ad-is*ry /*..ittee as still /*+du/ti+g+eg*tiati*+s0 T2e Age+/y belie-ed t2at alt2*ug2 /*+se+sus * t2e.e.bers *+ a+ a//e3table rule as 3*ssible, a+ N!RM as re5uired att2at ti.e i+ *rder t* .eet t2e statut*ry deadli+e0 T2e 1991 N!RM des/ribed t2e 3r*-isi*+s * b*t2 a 3r*gra. t* re5uiret2e sale * gas*li+e 2i/2 redu/es e.issi*+s * t*i/s a+d *7*+e*r.i+g-*latile *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds VO"s; i+ /ertai+ +*+attai+.e+tareas a+d a 3r*gra. t* 3r*2ibit t2e gas*li+e s*ld i+ t2e rest * t2e/*u+try r*. be/*.i+g .*re 3*lluti+g0 T2e 1991 +*ti/e des/ribed t2e*utli+e * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. as re5uired by statut*ry3r*-isi*+s a+d *3ti*+s t2at t2e regulat*ry +eg*tiati*+ /*..ittee.e.bers ere /*+sideri+g0 T*3i/s i+/luded i+ t2e 1991 3r*3*sal/*+sisted * t2e deri-ati*+ * t2e e.issi*+ sta+dards, uel/ertii/ati*+ by .*deli+g, *3t(i+ 3r*-isi*+s, /redits, a+ti(du.3i+gre5uire.e+ts, a+d e+*r/e.e+t 3r*-isi*+s *r all as3e/ts * t2ere*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.0

"0 A3ril 16, 199@ 'N!RM =) FR 1C416;

As +*ted ab*-e, t2e Age+/y?s 'N!RM =) FR 1C416; rele/ted t2eagree.e+t rea/2ed i+ t2e regulat*ry +eg*tiati*+ t2at 2ad bee+ /*+du/tedt* de-el*3 re*r.ulated gas*li+e regulati*+s u+der se/ti*+ @11;0 T2e'u33le.e+tal N*ti/e * !r*3*sed Rule.ai+g 'N!RM; des/ribed t2esta+dards a+d e+*r/e.e+t s/2e.e *r b*t2 re*r.ulated a+d /*+-e+ti*+algas*li+e0 It als* i+/luded s3e/ii/ 3r*3*sals *r t2e si.3le e.issi*+.*del t* be used i+ gas*li+e /ertii/ati*+ a+d e+*r/e.e+t0

80 February @6, 199C N!RM =& FR 11)@@;

I+ t2eir /*..e+ts *+ t2e 'N!RM, t2e et2a+*l i+dustry e3ressed/*+/er+ t2at t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e rule.ai+g, as 3r*3*sed i+ t2e



'N!RM, ee/ti-ely e/luded et2a+*l r*. t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e.aret0 I+ a+ atte.3t t* address t2eir /*+/er+, t2e Age+/y 3r*3*sed a+et2a+*l i+/e+ti-e 3r*gra., at t2e dire/ti*+ * *r.er !reside+t us2,i+te+ded t* 3r*.*te t2e use * et2a+*l a+d *t2er re+eable *yge+ates;i+ re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 T2e *be/ti-e * t2e 3r*3*sed re+eable

*yge+ate 3r*gra. as t* e+2a+/e t2e .aret s2are *r re+eable*yge+ates 2ile, t2e*reti/ally, .ai+tai+i+g t2e *-erall e+-ir*+.e+talbe+eits * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e si.3le .*del0 T2is *uld bea//*.3lis2ed by *setti+g a+y i+/rease i+ -*latility t2at .ay resultr*. t2e i+/lusi*+ * et2a+*l it2 -*latility redu/ti*+s t2at *//ur i+t2e rest * t2e RF# 3**l0 T2is -*latility bala+/i+g, 2*e-er *uld +*ttae i+t* a//*u+t a+y i+/rease i+ -*latility i+(use due t* .ii+g *et2a+*l a+d +*+(et2a+*l gas*li+e ble+ds /*..i+gli+g;0 T2e re+eable*yge+ate 3r*gra. *uld +*t be re5uired i+ /lass areas t2e '*ut2;u+less a state re5uested i+/lusi*+ i+ t2e 3r*gra.0 T2us, t2e N!RM =&FR 11)@@; *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*3*sed re-isi*+s t* t2e si.3le.*del, as ell as t* t2e ass*/iated a+ti(du.3i+g, a+d e+*r/e.e+t3r*-isi*+s0 Als* i+/luded i+ t2e N!RM ere t2e 3r*3*sed /*.3le .*del*r /ertii/ati*+ * re*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d t2e 3r*3*sed !2ase II3er*r.a+/e sta+dards0 T2e /*.3le .*del is +* s/2eduled t* taeee/t <a+uary 1, 199&0 T2e /*.3le .*del ill 3r*-ide a .et2*d */ertii/ati*+ based *+ t2e uel /2ara/teristi/s su/2 as *yge+,be+7e+e, ar*.ati/s, RV!, sulur, *lei+s a+d t2e 3er/e+t * uele-a3*rated at @%% a+d C%% degrees Fa2re+2eit E@%% a+d EC%%,res3e/ti-ely;0 T2e N!RM als* 3r*3*sed !2ase II sta+dards *rre*r.ulated gas*li+e 2i/2 are t* tae ee/t i+ t2e year @%%%, as3res/ribed by se/ti*+ @11;C; * t2e "lea+ Air A/t "AA;0 T2e3r*3*sed VO" 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard as @%(C@ 3er/e+t *r /lass a+d @6(C= 3er/e+t *r /lass "0 E!A 3r*3*sed t* set t2e t*i/ sta+dard at @% *r@= 3er/e+t redu/ti*+ si+/e additi*+al t*i/s /*+tr*l as +*t *u+d t*be /*st ee/ti-e a+d, i+ .*st /ases, t2ese greater t*i/s redu/ti*+sere e3e/ted t* *//ur t2r*ug2 uel re*r.ulati*+ *r VO" /*+tr*l0 T2eN!RM als* i+/luded 3r*3*sed NOJINFK 3er*r.a+/e sta+dards * %(163er/e+t i+ /lasses a+d "0 T2e 3r*3*sed NOJINFK sta+dards greatert2a+ 7er* ere +*t re5uired by t2e "AAA, but ere 3r*3*sed u+der t2eaut2*rity * se/ti*+ @11/;1; i+ /*+u+/ti*+ it2 t2e !2ase IIre*r.ulated gas*li+e sta+dards * t2e A/t si+/e additi*+al NOJINFK/*+tr*l as dee.ed be+ei/ial a+d /*st ee/ti-e i+ redu/i+g a.bie+t*7*+e le-els0

E0 8is/ussi*+ * Ma*r "*..e+ts a+d Issues

E!A re/ei-ed a +u.ber * /*..e+ts *+ t2e irst N!RM =6 FR C11)6;,t2e 'N!RM =) FR 1C416;, a+d t2e latest N!RM =& FR 11)@@; *rre*r.ulated a+d /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e0 "*..e+ts /*-ered a ide ra+ge* t*3i/s i+/ludi+g regulat*ry 3r*/edure, /ertii/ati*+ sta+dards,.*deli+g e.issi*+s by t2e si.3le a+d /*.3le .*dels, t2e r*le *



et2a+*l a+d *t2er *yge+ates i+ re*r.ulated gas*li+e, -e2i/le testi+g,t2e a+ti(du.3i+g 3r*gra., !2ase II sta+dards, /*st(ee/ti-e+ess, a+d a+u.ber * e+*r/e.e+t(related issues0 E!A 2as /*+du/ted a+ a+alysis *t2e /*..e+ts re/ei-ed a+d duly /*+sidered t2e sig+ii/a+t issues0'u..aries * t2ese /*..e+ts a+d E!A?s res3*+ses t* t2e. are /*+tai+ed

i+ t2e Fi+al Regulat*ry I.3a/t A+alysis a+d t2e 'u..ary a+d A+alysis *"*..e+ts 2i/2 2as bee+ 3la/ed i+ t2e d*/et *r t2is rule.ai+g!ubli/ 8*/et N*0 A(9@(1@;0 'i+/e t2e 3ubli/ati*+ * t2e N!RM, t2e

Age+/y 2as /*+ti+ued t* de-el*3 t2e /*.3le .*del0 T2e irst re-isi*+s* t2e /*.3le e.issi*+s .*del si+/e 199C N!RM 3ubli/ati*+ *rre*r.ulated gas*li+e 2a-e bee+ 3r*-ided t* t2e 3ubli/ at a <u+e @,199C 3ubli/ *rs2*30 E!A de-el*3ed se-eral /*.3le .*del *3ti*+s i+<uly 2i/2 as 3r*-ided t* t2e 3ubli/0 I+ O/t*ber * 199C, a drat-ersi*+ * t2e i+al /*.3le .*del as released *r 3ubli/ i+s3e/ti*+as ell0 All t2e iterati*+s * t2e /*.3le .*del si+/e t2e 3ubli/ati*+* t2e 199C N!RM 2a-e bee+ a-ailable t* t2e 3ubli/ -ia a 3ubli/ele/tr*+i/ bulleti+ b*ard a+d i+ sub.ittals t* t2e E!A Air 8*/et,8*/et N*0 A(9@(1@0

All t2e -ari*us /*.3*+e+ts * t2is rule.ai+g are bei+g i+ali7edi+ t*day?s +*ti/e0 T2e additi*+al ti.e 2as all*ed ade5uate 3ubli/re-ie * t2e /*.3le .*del a+d its i.3li/ati*+s *r t2e re*r.ulatedgas*li+e !2ase II sta+dards0

T2e re.ai+der * t2is 3rea.ble is *rga+i7ed i+t* t2e *ll*i+gse/ti*+s:

II0 Treat.e+t * Et2a+*lIII0 'i.3le M*del *r Re*r.ulated #as*li+e "*.3lia+/eIV0 "*.3le M*delV0 Aug.e+ti+g t2e M*dels T2r*ug2 Testi+gVI0 !2ase II !*st(1999; Re*r.ulated #as*li+e !er*r.a+/e'ta+dards a+d NOJINFK 'ta+dards *r Re*r.ulated #as*li+eVII0 E+*r/e.e+tVIII0 A+ti(8u.3i+g Re5uire.e+ts *r "*+-e+ti*+al #as*li+eI0 A+ti(8u.3i+g "*.3lia+/e a+d E+*r/e.e+t Re5uire.e+ts *r"*+-e+ti*+al #as*li+e0 !r*-isi*+s *r O3t(I+ by Ot2er O7*+e N*+(Attai+.e+t AreasI0 Federal !ree.3ti*+II0 E+-ir*+.e+tal a+d E/*+*.i/ I.3a/tsIII0 !ubli/ !arti/i3ati*+IV0 "*.3lia+/e Bit2 t2e Regulat*ry Fleibility A/tV0 'tatut*ry Aut2*rityVI0 Ad.i+istrati-e 8esig+ati*+ a+d Regulat*ry A+alysisVII0 "*.3lia+/e Bit2 t2e !a3er*r Redu/ti*+ A/tVIII0 N*ti/e Regardi+g Registrati*+ * Re*r.ulated #as*li+es



II0 Treat.e+t * Et2a+*l

A0 a/gr*u+d

T2e A3ril 16, 199@ 3r*3*sal * t2e 'i.3le M*del a+d !2ase I

sta+dards as desig+ed t* be uel a+d *yge+ate +eutral0 Et2a+*l,2*e-er, 2e+ added t* gas*li+e i+ t2e a.*u+t +eeded t* satisy t2e*yge+ /*+te+t re5uire.e+t * t2e A/t raises t2e Reid -a3*r 3ressureRV!; * t2e resulti+g ble+d by ab*ut 1 3si, .ai+g it .*re dii/ult*r et2a+*l ble+ds t* .eet t2e .ass VO" 3er*r.a+/e sta+dards t2a+ble+ds usi+g *t2er *yge+ates0 F*r et2a+*l t* be ble+ded it2 t2e RF#,a ble+dst*/ gas*li+e it2 a+ RV! l* e+*ug2 t* *set t2e i+/reaseresulti+g r*. addi+g et2a+*l *uld 2a-e t* be *btai+ed0 Et2a+*l i+dustry re3rese+tati-es /*..e+ted t2at *btai+i+g su/2ble+dst*/s *uld be b*t2 dii/ult a+d e3e+si-e, be/ause >>sub(RV!??ble+dst*/s *uld be .*re /*stly t* rei+e a+d be/ause ble+dst*/3r*du/ti*+ *uld be /*+tr*lled by 3etr*leu. rei+ers0 Met2yl tertiarybutyl et2er MTE;, a+ *yge+ate 2i/2 d*es +*t b**st a uel?s RV!,2i/2 is deri-ed r*. .et2a+*l gas a+d t2e 3etr*leu. 3r*du/tis*butyle+e a+d 2*se ble+ds /a+ readily be 3ut t2r*ug2 3etr*leu.3i3eli+es, as t2*ug2t t* be t2e *yge+ate * /2*i/e *r .*st rei+ers0Et2a+*l?s re3rese+tati-es t2e*ri7ed t2at t2e *il i+dustry *uld 2a-e adesire t* use MTE *-er et2a+*l a+d, t2us, little i+/e+ti-e t* .ae t2esub(RV! ble+dst*/ +e/essary *r et2a+*l ble+di+g0 T2e et2a+*l i+dustry/*+te+ded t2at a re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. 2i/2 t2ey argued *uldee/ti-ely 3re/lude et2a+*l as /*+trary t* "*+gress? i+te+t t2atet2a+*l 2a-e a r*le i+ t2e 3r*gra.0 T2ey argued t2at t2e *yge+ /*+te+tre5uire.e+t * se/ti*+ @11;@; as .*ti-ated i+ large 3art by adesire t* e3a+d .arets *r et2a+*l0 T2ey +*ted t2e str*+g su33*rta*rded t2e RF# legislati-e i+itiati-e by .e.bers * "*+gress r*.agri/ultural states0 T2ey als* /ited state.e+ts i+ t2e legislati-e2ist*ry i+di/ati+g s*.e .e.bers? e3e/tati*+ t2at t2e RF# 3r*gra. *uld3r*-ide a+ i+/reasi+g .aret *r et2a+*l0 Et2a+*l re3rese+tati-es /*+te+ded t2at t2e be+eits * et2a+*l use

ustiy its i+/lusi*+ i+ t2e RF# 3r*gra.0 '3e/ii/ally, t2ey e3lai+edt2at et2a+*l is /urre+tly .ade i+ t2e +ited 'tates r*. d*.esti/allygr*+grai+s, 3ri.arily /*r+, a+d t2us re3rese+ts a+ i.3*rta+t d*.esti/a+d re+eable s*ur/e * e+ergy0 T2ey urt2er e3lai+ed t2at t* t2eete+t et2a+*l is used i+ 3la/e * i.3*rted 3etr*leu. 3r*du/ts, it3r*.*tes t2e +ati*+?s e+ergy i+de3e+de+/e a+d i.3r*-es its bala+/e *trade, a+d t2at et2a+*l use als* stre+gt2e+s t2e .aret *r /*r+,/*+se5ue+tly redu/i+g t2e +eed *r 3ri/e su33*rts0 M*re*-er, as abi*.ass(based 3r*du/t, et2a+*l is 3*te+tially a re+eable uel t* t2eete+t t2e e+ergy deri-ed e/eeds a+y *ssil uel e+ergy /*+su.ed i+3r*du/i+g t2e et2a+*l0

I+ -ie * et2a+*l?s i.3*rta+/e t* t2e +ati*+?s e+ergy se/urity a+d



agri/ultural e/*+*.y, et2a+*l re3rese+tati-es urged t2at t2e 3r*3*salbe re-ised t* all* et2a+*l t* ee/ti-ely 3arti/i3ate i+ t2e RF#.aret0 T2ey suggested se-eral 3*ssible re-isi*+s0 F*r ea.3le, t2eyargued t2at t2e 1 3si ai-er gra+ted t* /ertai+ et2a+*l ble+ds byse/ti*+ @112; * t2e "AA be a33lied t* et2a+*l(ble+ded RF# u+der

se/ti*+ @11;0 T2ey reas*+ed t2at si+/e "*+gress re/*g+i7ed i+ t2e3r*-isi*+ re5uiri+g +ati*+ide redu/ti*+s i+ uel RV! t2at et2a+*lre5uired su/2 a ai-er, et2a+*l s2*uld re/ei-e a si.ilar ai-er i t2eVO" 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard *r RF# s*ld i+ t2e s.*ggiest /ities eredei+ed i+ ter.s * a re5uired redu/ti*+ i+ RV!0 I t2e se/ti*+ @112; ai-er ere +*t a-ailable t* RF# et2a+*lble+ds, t2e et2a+*l i+dustry suggested t2at t2e VO" redu/ti*+re5uire.e+t tae i+t* a//*u+t t2at s3e/ii/ VO"s r*. -ari*usre*r.ulated gas*li+es dier i+ t2eir *7*+e *r.ati*+ 3*te+tial0 B2ileet2a+*l raises a uel?s -*latility a+d t2us its VO" e.issi*+s, t2eyargued t2at t2e resulti+g VO"s are less *7*+e(*r.i+g t2a+ t2*se t2at*uld *t2erise *//ur0 T2ey urged t2at t2e 1= 3er/e+t redu/ti*+re5uire.e+t s2*uld t2us be i+ter3reted t* re5uire a 1= 3er/e+tredu/ti*+ i+ *7*+e(*r.i+g 3*te+tial, +*t si.3ly .ass * *7*+e(*r.i+gVO"s0 Et2a+*l su33*rters suggested additi*+al ays * e+/*uragi+g *re-e+ re5uiri+g et2a+*l use i+ RF#0 T2e #*-er+*rs Et2a+*l "*aliti*+, *ri+sta+/e, suggested t2at E!A re5uire t2e RF# .aret t* satisy its*yge+ate re5uire.e+ts t2r*ug2 a .i+i.u. 3er/e+tage * d*.esti/ally3r*du/ed re+eable uel0

ased *+ et2a+*l?s i.3*rta+/e t* t2e +ati*+?s e+ergy a+dagri/ultural 3*li/y, !reside+t us2 *+ O/t*ber 1, 199@ a++*u+/ed a 3la+t* all* et2a+*l t* ee/ti-ely /*.3ete i+ t2e RF# 3r*gra., it2 t2ee3e/tati*+ t2at, it2 barriers re.*-ed, et2a+*l use *uld gr*0 I+lieu * a+ RV! ai-er, *r i+/lusi*+ * *7*+e rea/ti-ity t2is 3la+ asbased u3*+ 3r*-isi*+s * se/ti*+ @11;1; all*i+g t2e Ad.i+istrat*rt* tae i+t* /*+siderati*+ /*st, e+ergy re5uire.e+ts, a+d *t2ers3e/iied a/t*rs i+ setti+g RF# 3er*r.a+/e sta+dards0 T2e .*stsig+ii/a+t 3art * t2is 3la+ /alled *r E!A t* >>establis2 rules *rre*r.ulated gas*li+e i+ all +*rt2er+ /ities t2at ill 2a-e t2e ee/t* gra+ti+g a *+e(3*u+d ai-er *r t2e irst C% 3er/e+t .aret s2are *et2a+*l ble+ds, 2ile a/2ie-i+g e+-ir*+.e+tal be+eits /*.3arable t*t2*se 3r*-ided *r i+ E!A?s 3r*3*sed rule a+d regulat*ry +eg*tiati*+0??T2e e+-ir*+.e+tal be+eits * t2e 3r*3*sed RF# 3r*gra. *uld be.ai+tai+ed by *setti+g a+y i+/rease i+ -*latility * RF# /*+tai+i+get2a+*l it2 redu/ti*+s i+ t2e -*latility * t2e rest * t2ere*r.ulated gas*li+e 3**l0 I+ res3*+se t* t2e a++*u+/e.e+t by *r.er!reside+t us2, E!A 3r*3*sed *+ February @6, 199C 3r*-isi*+s t* 3r*-idea+ RV! a+d VO"; i+/e+ti-e *r t2e use i+ re*r.ulated gas*li+e *re+eable *yge+ates su/2 as et2a+*l0

0 "*+/er+s Bit2 t2e !r*3*sal



At t2e ti.e * t2e February @6, 199C 3r*3*sal, E!A 2ad a +u.ber */*+/er+s it2 res3e/t t* its legality, e+ergy be+eits, a+de+-ir*+.e+tal +eutrality0 Ne-ert2eless, e 3r*3*sed t2e 3r*-isi*+s *r3ubli/ /*..e+t i+ t2e 2*3e t2at t2ese /*+/er+s /*uld be *-er/*.e based

*+ +e data a+d i+*r.ati*+ de-el*3ed i+(2*use *r re/ei-ed t2r*ug23ubli/ /*..e+t0 'i+/e t2e ti.e * t2e 3r*3*sal t2ese /*+/er+s 2a-e bee+e+2a+/ed0 Additi*+al data a+d i+*r.ati*+ 2as bee+ de-el*3ed 2i/2i+di/ates t2at e+ergy be+eits *uld be u+liely t* *//ur as a result* t2e 3r*3*sal0 B2ile t2e 3r*du/ti*+ * .u/2 * t2e et2a+*l i+ t2e/*u+try 3r*du/es *+ t2e .argi+ .*re e+ergy a+d uses less 3etr*leu. t2a+e+t i+t* its 3r*du/ti*+, a re/e+t study by t2e 8e3art.e+t * E+ergyreer t* 8OE?s /*..e+ts *+ t2e 3r*3*sal; i+di/ates t2at t2e .argi+disa33ears 2e+ et2a+*l is .ied it2 gas*li+e0 T2e e+ergy l*ss a+dadditi*+al 3etr*leu. /*+su.3ti*+ +e/essary t* redu/e t2e -*latility *t2e ble+d t* *set t2e -*latility i+/rease /aused by t2e et2a+*l/auses t2e e+ergy bala+/e a+d 3etr*leu. bala+/e t* g* +egati-e0 'i+/et2e 3*te+tial e+ergy be+eits ere t2e basis i+ t2e 3r*3*sal *r3r*-idi+g t2e i+/e+ti-es *r re+eable *yge+ates, t2e ustii/ati*+*r t2e 3r*3*sal +* l*+ger eists0

Additi*+al data a+d i+*r.ati*+ 2as als* bee+ de-el*3ed 2i/2i+di/ates t2at VO" e.issi*+s *uld i+/rease sig+ii/a+tly u+der t2e3r*3*sal0 As dis/ussed i+ se/ti*+ I * t2e RIA, t2e /*..i+gli+g ee/t* .ii+g et2a+*l ble+ds it2 +*+(et2a+*l ble+ds i+ /*+su.er?s uelta+s, t2e ee/t * et2a+*l *+ t2e distillati*+ /ur-e * t2e ble+d,a+d u+restri/ted early use * t2e /*.3le .*del /*.bi+ed result i+r*ug2ly a 6()0= i+/rease i+ gas*li+e -e2i/le VO" e.issi*+s e-e+ t2*ug2t2ere is +* i+/rease i+ t2e a-erage RV! * i+(use gas*li+e0 As aresult, t2e 3r*3*sal *uld 2a-e sa/rii/ed 4% t* =% 3er/e+t * t2e VO"/*+tr*l t2at is re5uired u+der se/ti*+ @11; *r re*r.ulated gas*li+ei+ e/2a+ge *r i+/e+ti-es *r 2at is liely t* 2a-e bee+ *+ly a.argi+al i+/rease i+ t2e .aret s2are * et2a+*l i+ re*r.ulatedgas*li+e a+d +* e+ergy be+eits *r /*st sa-i+gs0 As dis/ussed i+ se/ti*+ I * t2e RIA, et2a+*l is +*t e/luded r*./*.3eti+g i+ t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e .aret u+der t2e 3r*-isi*+s *t2e A3ril 16, 199@ 'N!RM0 As a result * t2e e/*+*.i/ ad-a+tage *et2a+*l *-er *t2er *yge+ates, et2a+*l s2*uld .ai+tai+ a sig+ii/a+t.aret s2are u+der t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. e-e+ it2*ut t2ere+eable *yge+ate i+/e+ti-es 3r*3*sed i+ t2e February 16, 199C3r*3*sal0 As a result, t2e a/tual et2a+*l .aret s2are i+/rease as aresult * t2e re+eable *yge+ate 3r*-isi*+s *uld be e3e/ted t* bear less t2a+ t2e .ai.u. * C% *r 2i/2 i+/e+ti-es ere 3r*-ided0#i-e+ t2e relati-ely s.all i+/rease i+ et2a+*l de.a+d as a result *t2e re+eable *yge+ate 3r*-isi*+s i+ e/2a+ge *r su/2 a large l*ss i+t2e e+-ir*+.e+tal /*+tr*l * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra., t2ered*es +*t a33ear t* be a+y ustii/ati*+ *r 3r*.ulgati+g t2ese



3r*-isi*+s0

Furt2er.*re, /*..e+ts ere re/ei-ed r*. -irtually all 3arties,i+/ludi+g et2a+*l i+dustry re3rese+tati-es, t2at t2e 3r*3*sal asu+*rable a+d *uld sig+ii/a+tly i+/rease t2e /*st * t2e

re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.0 B2ile E!A .ai+tai+s t2at t2e 3r*gra.*uld 2a-e 3r*-ided a+ e/*+*.i/ i+/e+ti-e *r t2e use * re+eable*yge+ates i+ re*r.ulated gas*li+e u3 t* a C% .aret s2are, E!Aa/+*ledges t2at t2e 3r*3*sal *uld 2a-e i+truded i+t* t2e ei/ie+t*3erati*+ * t2e .aret3la/e, i.3a/ti+g t2e /*st * t2e re*r.ulatedgas*li+e 3r*gra.0 As a result, ater tai+g i+t* a//*u+t t2e /*st, +*+air5uality a+d e+-ir*+.e+tal i.3a/ts, a+d e+ergy i.3a/ts, E!A 2as*u+d itsel it2 +* /2*i/e but t* ba/ aay r*. t2e re+eable*yge+ate 3r*-isi*+s * t2e February @6, 199C 3r*3*sal0

"0 !r*-isi*+s *r t2e Fi+al Rule

I+ lieu * t2e re+eable *yge+ate 3r*3*sal, E!A i+-estigated a+u.ber * *3ti*+s ai.ed at .ai+g t2e 3r*gra. .*re *rable by redu/i+gt2e uel tra/i+g, re/*rdee3i+g, a+d e+*r/e.e+t burde+ ass*/iatedit2 t2e 3r*3*sal0 B2ile su/2 *3ti*+s te+ded t* .ae t2e 3r*gra. .*re*rable r*. t2e sta+d3*i+t * t2e rei+i+g a+d uel distributi*+3r*/esses, t2ey als* te+ded t* eit2er redu/e t2e assura+/e t2at t2ee+-ir*+.e+tal be+eits * t2e 3r*gra. *uld be a/2ie-ed i+ all areas/*-ered by t2e RF# 3r*gra., *r t* 3la/e additi*+al restri/ti*+s *+ t2eleibility /*+tai+ed i+ t2e 3r*3*sal *r ble+di+g et2a+*l i+t*gas*li+e0 #i-e+ t2is a+d t2e *t2er /*+/er+s it2 t2e 3r*3*sal /*st,la/ * e+ergy be+eits, sig+ii/a+t e+-ir*+.e+tal l*ss, et/0;, E!A did+*t belie-e t2ese *3ti*+s t* be a33r*3riate *r ustiiable eit2er u+dert2e 3r*-isi*+s * se/ti*+ @11; * t2e A/t0 T2e reader is reerred t*t2e Fi+al Regulat*ry I.3a/t A+alysis *r a detailed dis/ussi*+ * t2ere+eable *yge+ate 3r*gra.0

A +u.ber * /*..e+ters suggested alter+ati-e 3r*-isi*+s 10% 3siRV! ai-er *r et2a+*l ble+ds, i+/lusi*+ * *7*+e rea/ti-ity i+ t2esta+dard setti+g 3r*/ess, .a+dates *r rei+ers t* 3r*-ide /leargas*li+e ble+dst*/ *r d*+strea. ble+di+g it2 et2a+*l, et/0; t* t2e3r*3*sed re+eable *yge+ate 3r*gra. t* all* et2a+*l t* 3lay a largerr*le i+ t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.0 It as argued t2at it2*utsu/2 3r*-isi*+s et2a+*l *uld be e/luded r*. t2e .aret e+tirely i+dire/t /*+li/t it2 t2e i+te+t * "*+gress i+ t2e "AA0 E!A, 2*e-er, d*es +*t agree t2at et2a+*l is e/luded r*./*.3eti+g i+ t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e .aret3la/e u+der t2e 3r*-isi*+s* t2e A3ril 16, 199@ 3r*3*sal0 I+ a/t, as u+der t2e re/e+tlyi.3le.e+ted i+terti.e *yge+ated uels 3r*gra., et2a+*l is e3e/ted t*sig+ii/a+tly i+/rease its .aret s2are u+der t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e3r*gra., es3e/ially i+ Midester+ areas 2ere et2a+*l e+*ys 'tate ta



i+/e+ti-es a+d relati-ely l* distributi*+ /*sts0 I+ additi*+, +*t *+lyis et2a+*l e3e/ted t* /*.3ete as a+ al/*2*l, but it als* .ay /*.3eteit2 .et2a+*l as a+ et2er eedst*/ i+ t2e uture0 As a result, E!Abelie-es t2at t2e treat.e+t * et2a+*l ble+ds u+der t2e A3ril 16, 199@3r*3*sal is e+tirely /*+siste+t it2 t2e i+te+t * "*+gress as

e3ressed i+ se/ti*+ @11; * t2e "AA0 T2e alter+ati-e 3r*-isi*+s 10% 3si RV! ai-er *r et2a+*l ble+ds,i+/lusi*+ * *7*+e rea/ti-ity i+ t2e sta+dard setti+g 3r*/ess, .a+dates*r rei+ers t* 3r*-ide /lear gas*li+e ble+dst*/ *r d*+strea.ble+di+g it2 et2a+*l, et/0; suggested by -ari*us /*..e+ters t* urt2ere+2a+/e t2e /*.3etiti-e+ess * et2a+*l i+ t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e3r*gra. are +*t a33r*3riate0 T2ese 3r*-isi*+s are b*t2 *utside * E!A?slegal aut2*rity u+der t2e "AA, a+d i+dee+sible r*. a+ e+-ir*+.e+tala+d s/ie+tii/ sta+d3*i+t0 T2e 10% 3si ai-er *r ea.3le, /*uld easily*reit all VO" e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s *t2erise a/2ie-ed by t2ere*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.0 A .*-e aay r*. t2e .ass basedsta+dards * t2e A/t t* rea/ti-ity based sta+dards is +*t *+lyu+su33*rtable *+ t2e basis * t2e a-ailable s/ie+tii/ i+*r.ati*+, bute-e+ i E!A ere able t* d* s*, it *uld be u+liely t* 3r*-ide a+ysig+ii/a+t ad-a+tage *r et2a+*l ble+ds0 As dis/ussed i+ se/ti*+ I *t2e RIA, t2e re/e+t urba+ airs2ed .*deli+g studies /lai.i+g t2atet2a+*l ble+ds it2 a 10% 3si ai-er d* +*t i+/rease *7*+e relati-e t*a+ MTE ble+ded re*r.ulated gas*li+e are r*ug2t it2 i+-alidassu.3ti*+s a+d i+/*+siste+/ies a+d are +*t a33li/able t* t2ere*r.ulated gas*li+e situati*+0 As a result, t2ey 3r*-ide +* /redibles/ie+tii/ su33*rt *r s3e/ial 3r*-isi*+s *r et2a+*l i+ t2e /*+tet *t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.0

#i-e+ t2e la/ * ustii/ati*+ *r t2e re+eable *yge+ate3r*-isi*+s * t2e February @6, 199C 3r*3*sal, t2e *3ti*+s /*+sidered*r si.3liyi+g t2at 3r*3*sal, a+d *t2er alter+ati-e 3r*-isi*+sre/*..e+ded by /*..e+ters, E!A is, t2us, basi+g t2e *yge+ate(related3r*-isi*+s * t2e i+al rule *+ t2e 3r*-isi*+s as 3r*3*sed i+ t2e A3ril16, 199@ 3r*3*sal0 8es3ite t2is de/isi*+, E!A still belie-es et2a+*lill be able t* /*.3ete a-*rably i+ t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e .areteit2er as a dire/t additi-e *r as a+ et2er eedst*/ as dis/ussedab*-e0 As su/2, E!A belie-es t2at t2e +ati*+ide 3r*du/ti*+ * et2a+*lill i+/rease as a result * t2is rule.ai+g it2 /*rres3*+di+gbe+eits t* *ur Nati*+?s agri/ultural se/t*r0 D*e-er, t2e i+/rease .ay+*t be as large as it *t2erise *uld 2a-e bee+ 2ad a+ i+/e+ti-e3r*gra. bee+ 3r*.ulgated *r et2a+*l0 T2e reader is reerred t* se/ti*+I0 * t2e RIA *r additi*+al des/ri3ti*+ * t2e /*..e+ts a+di+*r.ati*+ 2i/2 led u3 t* t2is de/isi*+0

III0 'i.3le M*del *r Re*r.ulated #as*li+e "*.3lia+/e

I+ a//*rda+/e it2 se/ti*+ @11; * t2e "lea+ Air A/t, E!A



8ata is +* a-ailable t* a//urately 5ua+tiy +*t *+ly t2e ee/ts* RV!, *yge+, be+7e+e, a+d ar*.ati/s *+ e.issi*+s, but als* sulur,T9% *r EC%%;, *lei+s, a+d T=% *r E@%%;0 T2e ee/ts * t2ese uel3ara.eters are i+/*r3*rated i+t* t2e "*.3le M*del des/ribed i+ 'e/ti*+IV0

T2e "*.3le M*del is t2e .*st a//urate a+d /*.3lete .*del /urre+tlya-ailable *r use i+ t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.0 Abse+t a+y*t2er /*+siderati*+s, E!A *uld re5uire use * t2e "*.3le M*del *r3ur3*ses * /ertii/ati*+0 D*e-er, based *+ leadti.e /*+siderati*+s,E!A is all*i+g use * eit2er t2e 'i.3le *r "*.3le M*del duri+g t2eirst t2ree years * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. as 3r*3*sed0T2ese lead ti.e /*+siderati*+s ere des/ribed i+ t2e A3ril 199@3r*3*sal =) FR 1C41)(&;0 E!A is 3r*-idi+g *ur years leadti.e be*reuse * t2e "*.3le M*del is .a+dat*ry t* all* t2e regulated i+dustryade5uate ti.e t* 3la+ a+d desig+ +e/essary rei+ery .*dii/ati*+s,*btai+ +e/essary 3er.its a+d /a3ital, /*.3lete /*+stru/ti*+, a+d/*.3lete start(u3 a+d e5ui3.e+t s2aed*+0 Furt2er.*re, E!A 2as e-ery/*+ide+/e t2at *+ a-erage t2e rei+ers /ertiyi+g t2eir uel usi+g t2e'i.3le M*del ill a/2ie-e t2e e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s t2at "*+gressi+te+ded *r t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.0 Vari*us /*..e+ts ere re/ei-ed /riti/i7i+g t2e use * t2e 'i.3leM*del *r uel /ertii/ati*+, stati+g t2at it 2ad li.ited leibility,dis/*uraged i++*-ati*+, 3e+ali7ed rei+ers 3r*du/i+g /lea+er t2a+a-erage gas*li+e i+ 199%, a+d s2*uld be s/ra33ed0 Ma+y * t2ese/*..e+ts *uld a33ear t* be res*l-ed by t2e *3ti*+ a-ailable *r earlyuse * t2e "*.3le M*del0 T2ere*re, i+ ee3i+g it2 t2e +eed t*3r*-ide ade5uate lead ti.e a+d t2e a/t t2at /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e 'i.3leM*del ill 3r*du/e t2e .a+dat*ry VO" a+d t*i/ e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s,rei+ers ill be 3er.itted t* use t2e si.3le .*del *r /ertii/ati*+u+til 8e/e.ber C1, 199)0 +til t2is date, uel su33liers ill 2a-e t2e*3ti*+ * usi+g t2e /*.3le .*del i+stead * t2e si.3le .*del t* taead-a+tage * t2e ee/ts * 3ara.eters /*+tai+ed i+ t2e /*.3le .*delbut +*t /*+tai+ed i+ t2e si.3le .*del as des/ribed i+ t2e *ll*i+g3aragra32s;0 T2e reader is reerred t* t2e A3ril 16, 199@ 'N!RM *r.*re dis/ussi*+ * t2ese lead ti.e 3r*-isi*+s0

A0 'i.3le VO" E.issi*+s M*del

T2e si.3le .*del *r VO" e.issi*+s is /*.3rised * uels3e/ii/ati*+s *r RV! a+d *yge+0 Fuels s*ld at retail *utlets .ust2a-e a+ RV! duri+g t2e 2ig2 *7*+e seas*+ <u+e 1 t2r*ug2 'e3te.ber 1=;* +* .*re t2a+ )0@ 3si i+ VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ 1 t2e s*ut2er+ areasty3i/ally /*-ered by A'TM /lass duri+g t2e su..er; a+d &01 3si i+ VO"/*+tr*l regi*+ @ t2e +*rt2er+ areas ty3i/ally /*-ered by A'TM /lass "duri+g t2e su..er;0J'!K1 T2e diere+/es i+ /li.ate betee+ t2ese t*ty3es * areas re5uires a /*rres3*+di+g diere+/e i+ gas*li+e



-*latility t* a/2ie-e t2e sa.e e.issi*+s ee/t0 T2e 3eri*d * <u+e 1t2r*ug2 'e3te.ber 1= as /2*se+ *r t2e 2ig2 *7*+e seas*+ be/ause .*st* t2e *7*+e -i*lati*+s *//ur duri+g t2is 3eri*d0 'ee =6 FR @4@4@ *ra dis/ussi*+ * t2e deter.i+ati*+ * t2is 3eri*d0;

P1P*er RV! li.its a33ly *r uels t2at /*.3ly u+der a-eragi+g0RV! /*+tr*ls als* a33ly r*. May 1 t* May C1 *r a/ilities u3strea.* retail *utlets0 T2ese issues are dis/ussed else2ere i+ t2is3r*3*sal0

'e/ti*+ @11;C; * t2e A/t re5uires t2at at a .i+i.u.re*r.ulated gas*li+e /*.3ly it2 t2e .*re stri+ge+t * eit2er a 1=redu/ti*+ i+ VO" e.issi*+s *r a *r.ula uel des/ribed i+ t2at se/ti*+,2i/2e-er is greater0 E!A 2as deter.i+ed t2at t2e *r.ula uel *ulda/2ie-e less t2a+ a 1= redu/ti*+ i+ VO"0 As su/2, t2e .i+i.u. VO"e.issi*+ redu/ti*+ re5uired by t2e A/t is 1=0 As dis/ussed i+ se/ti*+IV, E!A belie-es t2at t2e VO" e.issi*+ redu/ti*+ i+ VO" /*+tr*l regi*+@ r*. a uel it2 a+ RV! * &01 3si a+d @0% eig2t 3er/e+t *yge+ illbe sui/ie+t t* a/2ie-e t2e .i+i.u. 1= VO" e.issi*+ redu/ti*+relati-e t* t2e "lea+ Air A/t baseli+e gas*li+e 2i/2 2as a+ RV! *&0) 3si;0 I+ VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ 1, a+ &01 3si RV! uel it2 @0% 3er/e+t*yge+ 2i/2 *uld .eet t2e .i+i.u. 1= redu/ti*+ re5uire.e+t relati-et* t2e "AA baseli+e uel; *uld a/tually 2a-e greater e.issi*+s t2a+ auel .eeti+g E!A?s !2ase II RV! /*+tr*l sta+dards *r VO" /*+tr*lregi*+ 1 .ai.u. RV! * )0& 3si;0 E!A belie-es t2at 2e+ "*+gressdesig+ated /ities *r i+/lusi*+ i+ t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.t2at it i+te+ded t2e 3r*gra. t* 3r*-ide e.issi*+s redu/ti*+s i+additi*+ t* t2*se 3r*-ided by t2e !2ase II RV! re5uire.e+ts0 I E!A.erely re5uired re*r.ulated gas*li+e i+ VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ 1 t* .eett2e RV! re5uire.e+t *r VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ @, t2e+ +* redu/ti*+ i+ VO"e.issi*+s *uld a//rue u+der t2e irst 32ase * t2e re*r.ulatedgas*li+e 3r*gra. bey*+d t2*se .a+dated by !2ase II RV! sta+dards0 E!A3r*e/ts t2at relati-e t* !2ase II RV! /*+tr*l le-els, a uel it2 )0@3si RV! a+d @0% eig2t 3er/e+t *yge+ *uld 3r*-ide VO" e.issi*+redu/ti*+s i+ VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ 1 si.ilar t* t2*se *btai+ed i+ VO"/*+tr*l regi*+ @0

B2ile re5uiri+g re*r.ulated gas*li+e s*ld i+ VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ 1t* 2a-e a+ RV! * +* .*re t2a+ )0@ 3si g*es bey*+d t2e .i+i.u.re5uire.e+t stated i+ se/ti*+ @11;C;, se/ti*+ @11;1; aut2*ri7esE!A t* re5uire e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s i+ VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ 1 * t2is.ag+itude be/ause t2ey are a/2ie-able /*+sideri+g /*sts, *t2er air



5uality a+d +*+(air 5uality i.3a/ts, a+d t2e e+ergy i.3li/ati*+s *su/2 a re5uire.e+t0

'i.ilarly, E!A belie-es t2at additi*+al VO" redu/ti*+s are*btai+able i rei+ers are all*ed t* .eet t2e RV! a+d *yge+ sta+dards

t2r*ug2 a-eragi+g0 I rei+ers is2 t* tae ad-a+tage * a-eragi+g, E!At2us ill re5uire t2eir a-erage RV! *r b*t2 VO" /*+tr*l regi*+s 1 a+d@ t* be redu/ed by %01 3si t* )01 a+d &0% 3si, res3e/ti-ely, a+d t2ea-erage *yge+ /*+/e+trati*+ t* be i+/reased t* @01 eig2t 3er/e+t*yge+0 F*r additi*+al dis/ussi*+ * t2e rati*+ale *r t2e .*restri+ge+t sta+dard i+ VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ 1 a+d t2e i+/rease i+stri+ge+/y * t2e a-eragi+g sta+dards, t2e reader is reerred t* t2e

A3ril 16, 199@ 'N!RM0

0 'i.3le NOJINFK E.issi*+s M*del

T2e "lea+ Air A/t re5uires t2at t2ere be +* NOJINFK e.issi*+si+/rease r*. re*r.ulated uels0 ased *+ data a-ailable duri+g t2eregulat*ry +eg*tiati*+s a+d at t2e ti.e * t2e A3ril 16, 199@ 3r*3*sal,it a33eared t2at uel *yge+ /*+te+t a+d t2e ty3e * *yge+ate used .ay2a-e a+ i.3a/t *+ NOJINFK e.issi*+s 2ile +* *t2er si.3le .*del3ara.eter a33eared t* 2a-e su/2 a+ i.3a/t0 8ue t* t2e statut*ryre5uire.e+t *r *yge+ate use, a+d t2e la/ * a+y *t2er 3ara.eters i+t2e si.3le .*del by 2i/2 rei+ers /*uld *set a+y NOJINFK i+/rease,E!A +eeded t* 3la/e restri/ti*+s *+ t2e a.*u+t * *yge+ t2at /*uld beadded t* t2e uel i+ *rder t* 3re-e+t NOJINFK e.issi*+ i+/reases0 E!A3r*3*sed *+ t2e basis * t2e data t2e+ a-ailable t2at MTE ble+ds/*+tai+i+g u3 t* @0) eig2t 3er/e+t t; *yge+ a+d *t2er ble+ds/*+tai+i+g u3 t* @01 t *yge+ *uld be 3resu.ed t* result i+ +*NOJINFK i+/rease0 #reater *yge+ate /*+/e+trati*+s /*uld +*t be3er.itted due t* t2e ris * NOJINFK e.issi*+ i+/reases0 B2e+ additi*+al data be/a.e a-ailable, 2*e-er, t2ere did +*ta33ear t* be a+y sig+ii/a+t diere+/e betee+ t2e NOJINFK e.issi*+ee/ts * *yge+ r*. diere+t *yge+ates0 Furt2er.*re, it a33earedt2at redu/i+g t2e /*+/e+trati*+ * a +u.ber * additi*+al uel3ara.eters ar*.ati/s, *lei+s, sulur, et/; /*uld redu/e NOJINFKe.issi*+s0 'i+/e t2ese uel 3ara.eters all te+d t* be redu/ed t*-aryi+g degrees 2e+ *yge+ates are added t* gas*li+e, E!A 3r*3*sed i+its February @6, 199C 3r*3*sal t2at all *yge+ates be assu.ed t* resulti+ +* NOJINFK e.issi*+ i+/rease u+der t2e si.3le .*del u3 t* @0) t*yge+0

+der t2e i+al "*.3le M*del dis/ussed i+ 'e/ti*+ IV, *yge+ 2asbee+ *u+d t* result i+ +* NOJINFK i+/rease, i+ a/t, it results i+ a-ery slig2t de/rease0 D*e-er, t2e *t2er /2a+ges t2at *//ur t* t2e uel2e+ *yge+ates are added b*t2 i+/rease a+d de/rease NOJINFK e.issi*+si+/reases i+ E@%% i+/rease NOJINFK e.issi*+s 2ile redu/ti*+s i+



sulur, *lei+s, ar*.ati/s, a+d i+/reases i+ EC%% redu/e NOJINFKe.issi*+s;0 Ty3i/ally t2e ee/t * t2ese *t2er uel /2a+ges ill be t*urt2er redu/e NOJINFK e.issi*+s0 D*e-er, t2ere is +* /*+tr*l 3la/ed*+ E@%% le-els u+der t2e si.3le .*del, a+d t2e le-els * sulur,*lei+s, a+ EC%% are *+ly /*+strai+ed t* t2e rei+er?s 199% baseli+e

le-els ar*.ati/s is /*+tr*lled i+dire/tly t* s*.e degree by t2e t*i/sre5uire.e+t;0 As a result, t2ere is +* assura+/e u+der t2e si.3le .*delt2at *yge+ate additi*+ ill +*t i+/rease NOJINFK e.issi*+s0 T2e .*re*yge+ate added, t2e greater t2e i+/rease i+ E@%%, a+d t2e greater t2e3*ssibility *r a NOJINFK i+/rease0 F*r t2is reas*+ E!A belie-es it isstill a33r*3riate t* /a3 t2e .ai.u. *yge+ /*+te+t u+der t2e 'i.3leM*del at @0) t0 A+y 2ig2er *yge+ /*+/e+trati*+s ill re5uire use *t2e /*.3le .*del0

D*e-er, *r a +u.ber * reas*+s, E!A belie-es it is a33r*3riate*r a+y *yge+ate u3 t* C0= eig2t 3er/e+t *yge+ t* be 3resu.ed t*result i+ +* NOJINFK e.issi*+ i+/rease u+der t2e si.3le .*del duri+gt2*se .*+t2s it2*ut *7*+e -i*lati*+s e0g0, i+ter .*+t2s; u+less astate re5uests t2at *yge+ate le-els be li.ited t* t2e @0) t *yge+le-el a33li/able duri+g t2*se .*+t2s it2 *7*+e -i*lati*+s0 First,alt2*ug2 t2ere are a +u.ber * /*+/er+s ass*/iated it2 NOJINFKe.issi*+s, t2e .ai+ /*+/er+ * */us i+ t2is rule.ai+g is *7*+e 2i/2is *r t2e .*st 3art a su..erti.e 3r*ble.0 'e/*+d, 2ile t2ere is +*assura+/e t2at i+di-idual bat/2es * gas*li+e /*+tai+i+g .*re t2a+ @0)t *yge+ ill +*t i+/rease NOJINFK e.issi*+s, t2e i+/rease, i a+y,*uld be s.all i0e0, liely less t2a+ 1 3er/e+t;0 T2ird, *+ a-eragea/r*ss all uel 3r*du/ed by all rei+ers i+ a+ area, a NOJINFKredu/ti*+ .ay still *//ur0 F*urt2, t2ere are be+eits t* t2e use **yge+ates duri+g t2e i+ter .*+t2s l*er "O a+d air t*i/s e.issi*+s;t2at .ay be .*re i.3*rta+t t* i+di-idual states t2a+ t2e /ertai+ty t2at+* *+e bat/2 * uel i+/reases NOJINFK e.issi*+s relati-e t* t2e 199%baseli+e0

A state .ay .ae a re5uest *r t2e @0) t *yge+ li.it t* a33lyduri+g t2e +*+(*7*+e seas*+ 2e+ it belie-es t2at t2e use * 2ig2er*yge+ate le-els *uld i+terere it2 attai+.e+t *r .ai+te+a+/e *a+*t2er a.bie+t air 5uality sta+dard *t2er t2a+ *7*+e; *r a+*t2er air5uality 3r*ble.0 T2is 3r*3*sal 3arallels t2e Regulat*ry Neg*tiati*+

Agree.e+t * August 16, 1991 a+d E!A?s letter t* t2e Re+eable Fuels Ass*/iati*+ dated August 14, 19910

"0 'i.3le T*i/s E.issi*+s M*del

+der se/ti*+ @11;C;, E!A .ust at a .i+i.u. re5uire t2e .*restri+ge+t * eit2er a s3e/iied *r.ula uel *r a 1= 3er/e+t redu/ti*+i+ t*i/s e.issi*+s r*. t2at * baseli+e gas*li+e0 All i-e * t2et*i/ air 3*lluta+ts t2at se/ti*+ @11;1%; * t2e A/t s3e/iies *r



/*+tr*l t2r*ug2 re*r.ulated gas*li+e be+7e+e, 1,C(butadie+e,3*ly/y/li/ *rga+i/ .atter !OM;, *r.alde2yde, a+d a/etalde2yde; als*all u+der t2e /ateg*ry * VO"s0 E2aust e.issi*+s i+/lude u+bur+edbe+7e+e a+d be+7e+e *r.ed r*. *t2er ar*.ati/s duri+g t2e /*.busti*+3r*/ess0 e+7e+e, a+ ar*.ati/ /*.3*u+d, is a +atural /*.3*+e+t *

gas*li+e a+d, as su/2, is 3rese+t i+ e-a3*rati-e, ru++i+g l*ss a+dreueli+g e.issi*+s +*+e2aust e.issi*+s;0 D*e-er, +*+e2aust VO" a+dbe+7e+e e.issi*+s data are *+ly a-ailable i+ sui/ie+t 5ua+titiesu+der 2ig2 *7*+e test /*+diti*+s0 T2ere*re, +*+e2aust be+7e+ee.issi*+s are +*t /*+sidered *utside * t2e 2ig2 *7*+e seas*+0 T2e *ur*t2er t*i/ air 3*lluta+ts sube/t t* /*+tr*l by re*r.ulated gas*li+eare +*t 3rese+t i+ gas*li+e a+d 2e+/e are s*lely 3r*du/ts */*.busti*+0

T2e e5uati*+s t2at re3rese+t t2e si.3le .*del *r air t*i/se.issi*+s are s2*+ i+ se/ti*+ &%04@ * t2e regulati*+s0 T2e deri-ati*+a+d reere+/ed *r is gi-e+ i+ t2e regulat*ry i.3a/t a+alysis0 O+ly .i+*r /2a+ges ere .ade t* t2e 3r*3*sed si.3le t*i/s .*del0O+e /2a+ge e/luded et2a+e r*. t2e e2aust VO" baseli+e e.issi*+s asdis/ussed bel* i+ 'e/ti*+ III080C0 T2e eig2t ra/ti*+s * t2e -ari*ust*i/s as a u+/ti*+ * VO" 2a-e als* bee+ adusted a//*rdi+gly,resulti+g i+ +* +et /2a+ge i+ 3redi/ted t*i/s 3er*r.a+/e *r a3arti/ular uel0 At t2e re5uest * /*..e+ters, E!A 2as als* i+/ludedt2e *yge+ates tertiary a.yl .et2al et2er TAME; a+d et2yl tertiarya.yl et2er ETAE; as ell as 3r*-isi*+s *r *t2er *yge+ates a+d .ied*yge+ates0 8ue t* t2eir si.ilar /2e.i/al .aeu3, .et2yl et2ers su/2as TAME; a+d et2yl et2ers su/2 as ETAE; are t* be .*deled usi+g t2esa.e e5uati*+s as *r MTE a+d as *r ETE, res3e/ti-ely0 Dig2eral/*2*ls ill be .*deled usi+g t2e sa.e e5uati*+s as *r et2a+*l0Dig2er et2ers ill be .*deled as ETE *r all air t*i/s, si+/e ETEas t2e 2ig2est et2er *r 2i/2 t*i/s data ere a-ailable0

80 aseli+e 8eter.i+ati*+

B2ere t2e 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard is .*re stri+ge+t t2a+ t2e *r.ula,t2e A/t re5uires E!A t* 3r*.ulgate sta+dards *r t2e 3er*r.a+/e *re*r.ulated gas*li+e t2at are relati-e t* e.issi*+ le-els r*.baseli+e -e2i/les usi+g baseli+e uel0 I+ *rder t* deter.i+e 2et2eruels .eet t2e 3er*r.a+/e re5uire.e+ts * re*r.ulated gas*li+e u+dert2e si.3le .*del, E!A .ust t2ere*re establis2 t2e baseli+e t* 2i/2t2e e.issi*+ 3er*r.a+/e * re*r.ulated uels are t* be /*.3ared0 T2e*ll*i+g dis/ussi*+ des/ribes 2* E!A deri-ed t2e e.issi*+ baseli+es0

10 "*+tr*l !eri*ds@0C0 e*re t2e e.issi*+ baseli+es /a+ be deter.i+ed, t2e ti.e ra.e40 *-er 2i/2 uel 3er*r.a+/e ill be e-aluated .ust be ide+tiied0



=0 'e/ti*+ @11; * t2e A/t re5uires /*+tr*l * VO" e.issi*+s duri+g t2e60 >>2ig2 *7*+e seas*+0?? F*r t2e 3ur3*ses * t2is rule.ai+g, t2e 2ig2)0 *7*+e seas*+ is dei+ed t* be <u+e 1 t2r*ug2 'e3te.ber 1=0 T2is 3eri*d&0 /*-ers t2e -ast .a*rity * days duri+g 2i/2 t2e +ati*+al a.bie+t air90 5uality sta+dard *r *7*+e is e/eeded +ati*+ide a+d is /*+siste+t

1%0it2 t2e 3eri*d /*-ered by E!A?s gas*li+e -*latility /*+tr*l110 re5uire.e+ts0 All gas*li+e at ser-i/e stati*+s .ust t2us /*.3ly it21@0t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e re5uire.e+ts duri+g t2is 3eri*d0 Als* i+1C0ee3i+g it2 t2e gas*li+e -*latility /*+tr*l rule.ai+g t2e >>VO"140/*+tr*l !eri*d?? *r /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e1=03r*-isi*+s u3strea. r*. t2e ser-i/e stati*+ +e/essary t* e+sure160/*.3lyi+g uel is a-ailable at t2e ser-i/e stati*+s duri+g t2e 2ig21)0*7*+e seas*+; is May 1 t2r*ug2 'e3te.ber 1=01&0190 aseli+e #as*li+e@%0@10 T2e uels t* be used i+ deter.i+i+g baseli+e e.issi*+s are@@0u+/2a+ged r*. t2e February @6, 199C 3r*3*sal a+d are s2*+ bel*0@C0

Table III(10((aseli+e Fuel "*.3*siti*+s

'u..er Bi+ter

'ulur, 33.000000000000000000000000000000000000000 CC9 CC&e+7e+e, -*lu.e 3er/e+t000000000000000000000000000 10=C 1064RV!, 3si000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 &0) 110=O/ta+e, RQML@0000000000000000000000000000000000000 &)0C &&0@T1%, degrees F000000000000000000000000000000000000 1@& 11@T=%, degrees F000000000000000000000000000000000000 @1& @%%T9%, degrees F000000000000000000000000000000000000 CC% CCC

Ar*.ati/s, -*lu.e 3er/e+t0000000000000000000000000 C@0% @604Olei+s, -*lu.e 3er/e+t000000000000000000000000000 90@ 1109'aturates, -*lu.e 3er/e+t0000000000000000000000000 =&0& 610)

C0 8ei+iti*+ * O7*+e(F*r.i+g VO"

T2e A/t re5uires redu/ti*+s i+ e.issi*+s * *7*+e(*r.i+g VO"s0T2is i+ter3retati*+ is /*+siste+t it2 t2e */us * 'e/ti*+ @11; *+t2e areas it2 t2e .*st etre.e *7*+e 3*lluti*+ 3r*ble.0 E!A 3r*3*sedi+ A3ril 16, 199@ t2at .et2a+e *uld be e/luded r*. t2e dei+iti*+ *



VO" *+ t2e basis * its l* rea/ti-ity i+ ee3i+g it2 3ast E!Aa/ti*+s, but i+/luded all *t2er VO"s i+/ludi+g et2a+e0 E!A urt2er3r*3*sed, 2*e-er, t2at s2*uld t2e Age+/y .*diy t2e dei+iti*+ * VO",e .ig2t d* s* *r t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e rule.ai+g as ell0 Asdis/ussed i+ t2e February @6, 199C 3r*3*sal, E!A 2as als* .*diied t2e

dei+iti*+ * VO" t* e/lude et2a+e i+ a se3arate Age+/y rule.ai+g =)FR C941;0 As a result, t2e 3er*r.a+/e * uels .eeti+g t2e VO"e.issi*+ re5uire.e+ts u+der t2e si.3le .*del are e3ressed *+ a +*+.et2a+e,+*+(et2a+e basis0 T2is /2a+ge resulted i+ slig2t /2a+ges t*t2e si.3le .*del e5uati*+s 3re-i*usly 3r*3*sed, but t2e *-erall results* t2e si.3le .*del are esse+tially u+ae/ted040 'i.3le M*del aseli+e

T2e *ll*i+g table s2*s t2e baseli+e e.issi*+s u+der t2e si.3le.*del 2i/2 result r*. t2e assu.3ti*+s dis/ussed ab*-e0 'i+/e t2eMOIE .*del d*es +*t esti.ate t*i/s e.issi*+s, 2*e-er, se3arate dataa+d i+*r.ati*+ as +e/essary t* deter.i+e t2eir baseli+e e.issi*+s0T2e t*i/s baseli+e as de-el*3ed i+ esse+tially t2e sa.e .a++er ast2at 3r*3*sed i+ t2e A3ril 16, 199@ 3r*3*sal0 A+ e3la+ati*+ * t2isderi-ati*+ /a+ be *u+d i+ 'e/ti*+ II * t2e RIA0

Table III(@0(('i.3le M*del aseli+e E.issi*+s

'u..er(((((((((((((((((((((((((( Bi+ter

Regi*+ 1 Regi*+ @

E2aust VO"s gL.i;00000000000000 %0444 %0444 %06=6N*+(E2aust VO" gL.i;00000000000 0&=6 0)66 %T*tal VO"s gL.i;0000000000000000 10C% 10@1 %06=6E2aust e+7e+e .gL.i;0000000000 C%01 C%01 4%09E-a3*rati-e e+7e+e00000000000000 40C C0& %0%Ru++i+g *ss e+7e+e0000000000000 409 40= %0%Reueli+g e+7e+e0000000000000000 %04 %04 %0%1,C(utadie+e00000000000000000000 @0= @0= C06F*r.alde2yde000000000000000000000 =06 =06 =06

A/etalde2yde000000000000000000000 40% 40% 40%!OMs00000000000000000000000000000 104 104 104

T*tal TA!s .gL.i;00000000000 =C0@ =@01 ==0=



E0 !2ase I !er*r.a+/e 'ta+dards +der t2e 'i.3le M*del

'e/ti*+ @11;C; dire/ts E!A t* re5uire, at .i+i.u., t2at !2ase Ire*r.ulated gas*li+e /*.3ly it2 t2e .*re stri+ge+t * t* alter+ati-eVO" a+d t*i/s e.issi*+ re5uire.e+ts((eit2er a 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard *

a 1= 3er/e+t redu/ti*+ r*. baseli+e le-els *+ a .ass basis, *r/*.3*siti*+al re5uire.e+ts s3e/iied as a *r.ula i+ 'e/ti*+@11;C;A;0 T2e *r.ula ee/ti-ely dei+es a set * .ai.u. *r.i+i.u. uel 3ara.eter s3e/ii/ati*+s0 I+ e-aluati+g 2i/2 re5uire.e+tis .*re stri+ge+t, E!A is t* /*+sider VO" a+d t*i/s se3arately0 T2e stri+ge+/y * t2e *r.ula is best e-aluated by deter.i+i+g t2ee.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * t2e uels t2at *uld be /ertiiable i E!Aere t* i.3*se t2e re5uire.e+ts * 'e/ti*+ @11;C;A;0 A gas*li+e*uld .eet t2ese re5uire.e+ts i it 1; 2ad +* .*re t2a+ 10% -*lu.e3er/e+t be+7e+e, @; 2ad +* .*re t2a+ @= -*lu.e 3er/e+t ar*.ati/s, C;2ad +* less t2a+ @0% eig2t 3er/e+t *yge+, a+d 4; .et t2ere5uire.e+ts *r deterge+t additi-es a+d lead /*+te+t0 T2e *r.ula d*es+*t s3e/iy *r li.it a+y additi*+al gas*li+e 3r*3erties, a+d t2ere*rea ide -ariety * uels it2 -ery diere+t 3r*3erties *uld 5ualiy as/*.3lyi+g it2 t2e *r.ula0 F*r ea.3le, t2e *r.ula s3e/iies t2eeig2t 3er/e+t *yge+ but d*es +*t s3e/iy t2e ty3e * *yge+ate0 IE!A ere t* i.3*se t2e re5uire.e+ts * 'e/ti*+ @11;C;A;, t2e+ a+ya33r*-ed *yge+ate /*uld be used t* .eet t2e *r.ula?s *yge+re5uire.e+t, as l*+g as it as ble+ded t* a/2ie-e t2e re5uired eig2t3er/e+t *yge+0 T2e sa.e *uld be true * sulur le-els, distillati*+/2ara/teristi/s, *lei+ le-els, RV! le-els, a+d s* *+0 As l*+g as t2e*r.ula?s re5uire.e+ts ere .et, t2e uel *uld be /ertiiable i E!Aere t* base its /ertii/ati*+ re5uire.e+ts *+ 'e/ti*+ @11;C;A;0 T* e-aluate t2e e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * t2e -ari*us uels t2at*uld /*.3ly it2 t2e *r.ula re5uire.e+ts, E!A used t2e !2ase I/*.3le .*del0 #i-e+ t2e !2ase I baseli+e e.issi*+ le-els, E!A/*+siders t2e /*.3le .*del t* be t2e .*st a33r*3riate .ea+s *e-aluati+g e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e si+/e it i+/*r3*rates t2e Age+/y?s.*st re/e+t, /*.3lete, a+d a//urate +*ledge * t2e ee/ts * uel3r*3erties *+ VO" a+d t*i/s e.issi*+s0 'i+/e .a+y * t2e uel3ara.eters t2at are +*t s3e/iied *r t2e *r.ula ae/t VO" a+d t*i/se.issi*+s, t2e -ari*us 3*ssible *r.ula uels e2ibit a ide -ariety *e.issi*+ 3er*r.a+/e le-els as t2ese u+s3e/iied 3ara.eters -ary0

A//*rdi+g t* t2e "*.3le M*del, re5uire.e+ts based *+ .a+y 3*ssible*r.ula uels *uld be less stri+ge+t t2a+ re5uire.e+ts based *+ t2e 1=3er/e+t .i+i.u. redu/ti*+ re5uire.e+ts * 'e/ti*+ @11;;C;;0 I+additi*+, t2e la/ * s3e/ii/ity * t2e *r.ula uel *uld .aeestablis2.e+t * a+ e5ui-ale+t e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e sta+dardi.3*ssible, si+/e *+e *r .*re 3*ssible *r.ula uels *uld ail t* .eeta+y s3e/ii/ sta+dard0

I+ 3ast 3r*3*sals, E!A 2as e-aluated t2e *r.ula uel by assig+i+g



le-els *r u+s3e/iied 3ara.eters at t2eir le-el i+ baseli+e gas*li+e,as dei+ed i+ se/ti*+ @11;9;; * t2e A/t0 D*e-er, su/2 a+i+ter3retati*+ *uld +*t eli.i+ate t2e 3r*ble.s des/ribed ab*-e, si+/et2e *yge+ate ty3e *uld re.ai+ u+s3e/iied0 De+/e t2e re5uire.e+ts *a *r.ula /*uld be .et by a ra+ge * uels, ea/2 based *+ diere+t

*yge+ates, e-e+ i u+s3e/iied 3ara.eters ere t* be set t* baseli+ele-els, a+d t2is ra+ge * uels *uld e2ibit a ra+ge * e.issi*+3er*r.a+/e le-els0 B2ile t2e "*.3le M*del attributes ide+ti/alee/ts t* *yge+ i+ diere+t /2e.i/al *r.s *r .*st 3*lluta+ts, iti+/*r3*rates e.issi*+ ee/ts t2at de3e+d *+ t2e ty3e * *yge+ate used*r +*+e2aust be+7e+e, a/etalde2yde, a+d *r.alde2yde e.issi*+s0 E!At2ere*re ra+ t2e /*.3le .*del *r se-eral uels, -aryi+g t2e ty3e **yge+ate a+d 2*ldi+g *t2er 3ara.eters +*t s3e/iied by t2e *r.ula atstatut*ry baseli+e le-els0

T2e VO" e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s r*. baseli+e le-els *r all su/2*r.ula uels ere less t2a+ 1= 3er/e+t0 E!A t2ere*re based t2e VO"e.issi*+ re5uire.e+ts *r !2ase I re*r.ulated gas*li+e *+ t2e 1=3er/e+t redu/ti*+ .i+i.u. 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard, si+/e t2is sta+dard is.*re stri+ge+t t2a+ t2e re5uire.e+ts * t2e *r.ula0 F*r t*i/s 3er*r.a+/e, E!A se3arately e-aluated t2e e.issi*+s3er*r.a+/e * uels t2at .et t2e *r.ula re5uire.e+ts a+d /*+tai+edstatut*ry baseli+e le-els * u+s3e/iied uel 3r*3erties *r VO"/*+tr*l regi*+s 1 a+d @, si+/e +*+e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s *ulddier i+ t2ese t* regi*+s0 E!A als* e-aluated su/2 uels it2diere+t *yge+ate ty3es0 T2e results are s2*+ i+ Table II(C0 T2eseresults i+/lude b*t2 su..er a+d i+ter ee/ts, eig2ted based *+ t2es2are * -e2i/le .iles tra-eled i+ ea/2 seas*+0

Table II(C0((!2ase I T*i/s E.issi*+s !er*r.a+/e * F*r.ula Fuels

!er/e+t redu/ti*+ r*. "AA le-els

Oyge+ate ty3e ((((((((((((((((((((((((( VO" /*+tr*l VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ 1 regi*+ @

ETE000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 110&@ 1106=Et2a+*l000000000000000000000000000000000000000 1C016 1C0%1MTE000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 160CC 1601=

TAME................................ 16.81 16.67



F0 A33li/ability 199=();

T2e 'i.3le M*del des/ribed i+ t2is se/ti*+ is ee/ti-e begi++i+g<a+uary 1, 199= it2 t2e begi++i+g * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.

as a .ea+s by 2i/2 uel 3r*du/ers /a+ /ertiy t2at t2eir uel .eetst2e re5uire.e+ts *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 T2e "*.3le M*del des/ribedi+ 'e/ti*+ IV ill +*t be re5uired t* be used *r uel /ertii/ati*+u+til <a+uary 1, 199&0

+til <a+uary 1, 199&, rei+ers 2* 3r*du/e re*r.ulated gas*li+eill 2a-e a /2*i/e * /ertiyi+g t2eir gas*li+e by usi+g eit2er t2e'i.3le M*del *r t2e "*.3le M*del0 E!A 3r*3*sed t2ree *3ti*+s *restablis2i+g t2e 3er*r.a+/e sta+dards u+der early, *3ti*+al use * t2e"*.3le M*del0 +der *+e *3ti*+, i a rei+er *3ts t* utili7e t2e"*.3le M*del be*re <a+uary 1, 199& t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e /a+ 2a-e+* *rse VO", NOJINFK, *r t*i/ e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e t2a+ *uld be3redi/ted by t2e "*.3le M*del *r a 'i.3le(M*del uel .i+i.u. @0%3er/e+t *yge+, .ai.u. 10% 3er/e+t be+7e+e, a+d .ai.u. RV! * &01 3sii+ "lass " areas a+d )0@ 3si i+ "lass areas; 2a-i+g t2at rei+er?sa-erage 199% le-els * sulur, *lei+s, a+d T9% EC%%;0 T2e se/*+d*3ti*+ as a -ariati*+ * t2e irst, i+ t2at rei+ers 3r*du/i+ggas*li+e *r use i+ *+ly t2e s*ut2er+ re*r.ulated gas*li+e areas VO"/*+tr*l regi*+ 1; /*uld .easure t2eir uel 3er*r.a+/e agai+st t2e "AAbaseli+e gas*li+e as a+ alter+ati-e t* t2eir *+ 199% rei+erybaseli+e0 T2e t2ird *3ti*+, 3r*3*sed by E!A i+ February 199C, *uldete+d t2e se/*+d *3ti*+ t* all re*r.ulated gas*li+e areas0 T2e rati*+ales *r t2ese *3ti*+s are dis/ussed i+ detail i+ E!A?s3r*3*sals0 Ma+y * t2e /*..e+ts ere als* re/ei-ed 3ri*r t* t2e3r*3*sals, a+d as su/2 ere addressed t2ere0 As a result, t2e reader isreerred ba/ t* t2e 3r*3*sals *r additi*+al dis/ussi*+0 Ater/*+sideri+g t2e /*..e+ts, E!A 2as de/ided t* 3r*.ulgate t2e irst*3ti*+0 First, u+der t2is *3ti*+ ea/2 rei+er ill 2a-e t* a/2ie-e t2esa.e redu/ti*+s, 2et2er t2ey use t2e si.3le .*del *r t2e /*.3le.*del0 T2e *3ti*+ t* use eit2er .*del i+/reases rei+er leibility,but ill +*t /2a+ge t2e e.issi*+s redu/ti*+s re5uired *r a rei+er3ri*r t* .a+dat*ry use * t2e /*.3le .*del i+ 199&0 E!A belie-es t2att2e redu/ti*+s re5uired u+der t2e si.3le .*del are a/2ie-able/*+sideri+g all rele-a+t a/t*rs a+d ill /*+ti+ue t* be s* u+der t2e*3ti*+al use * t2e /*.3le .*del0 I+ a/t, t2e additi*+al leibility* usi+g t2e /*.3le .*del *uld i+ s*.e /ases .ae t2e. e-e+ .*rereas*+able0

'e/*+d, t2e *t2er t* *3ti*+s /reate a+ i+/e+ti-e *r early use *t2e /*.3le .*del by t2*se rei+ers 2* *uld t2e+ 2a-e a lessstri+ge+t 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard t2a+ u+der t2e si.3le .*del0 T2is *uld3r*du/e *+ a-erage a+ i+/rease i+ *-erall e.issi*+s *r re*r.ulated



gas*li+e /*.3ared t* a-erage e.issi*+s i *+ly t2e si.3le .*del asall*ed0 Rei+ers it2 i+di-idual baseli+es *r sulur, T9% a+d *lei+st2at are l*er t2a+ t2e "AA baseli+e *uld, u+der t2e se/*+d a+d t2ird*3ti*+s, get /redit *r e.issi*+ be+eits *r t2ese 3ara.eters, a+d/*uld use t2is t* ustiy a less stri+ge+t RV! /*+tr*l t2a+ re5uired

u+der t2e si.3le .*del0 T2ere *uld be +* 3arallel disi+/e+ti-e t*early use * t2e /*.3le .*del *r rei+ers it2 2ig2er baseli+es 2i/2*uld result i+ a+ i+/rease i+ t2eir re5uired redu/ti*+s0 T2isi.bala+/e i+ t2e e3e/ted early use * t2e /*.3le .*del /*uld easilylead t* a+ a-erage 1(@ 3er/e+tage 3*i+t redu/ti*+ i+ t2e a-eragee.issi*+ 3er*r.a+/e * re*r.ulated gas*li+e r*. 199=() as dis/ussedi+ se/ti*+ I * t2e RIA0 ased *+ t2is +egati-e e+-ir*+.e+tal i.3a/t,a+d t2e reas*+able+ess * t2e /*.3le .*del 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard u+dert2e irst *3ti*+, E!A 2as de/ided t* 3r*.ulgate t2e irst *3ti*+des/ribed ab*-e *r early use * t2e /*.3le .*del0

#0 E+*r/e.e+t * t2e Early se O3ti*+

Additi*+al /*+tr*ls *-er re*r.ulated gas*li+e /ertiied usi+g t2e>>early(use?? /*.3le .*del are +e/essary *r t2e *3erati*+ * t2ed*+strea. e+*r/e.e+t .e/2a+is.s * VO" a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s3er*r.a+/e .i+i.u.s, a+d /*-ered area gas*li+e 5uality sur-eys0 T2eserestri/ti*+s are +e/essary be/ause u+der t2e restri/ted early(usea33r*a/2 bei+g 3r*.ulgated, VO", t*i/s, a+d NOJINFK 3er/e+tageredu/ti*+s are /al/ulated r*. a baseli+e uel usi+g t2e rei+er?s 199%baseli+e le-els * sulur, T(9%, a+d *lei+s0 As a result, t2ere*r.ulated gas*li+es 3r*du/ed by diere+t rei+ers *r i+ s*.e/ases, at diere+t rei+eries; u+der t2is *3ti*+ ill liely ea/2 .eetdiere+t 3er/e+tage redu/ti*+ sta+dards *r VO", t*i/s, a+d NOJINFK0T2ere*re, t2e 3er*r.a+/e * a u+gible .iture * /*.3le .*delgas*li+es 3r*du/ed by diere+t rei+ers at diere+t rei+eries /*uld+*t be 3redi/ted, +*r /*uld be e-aluated0P@P

P@Pegi++i+g i+ 199&, /ertii/ati*+ * re*r.ulated gas*li+eusi+g t2e si.3le .*del ill +* l*+ger be a+ *3ti*+, a+d allre*r.ulated gas*li+e ill be /ertiied usi+g t2e /*.3le .*del0

Als* begi++i+g i+ 199&, all rei+ers a+d i.3*rters ill /al/ulatee.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+s r*. "lea+ Air A/t a-eragegas*li+e i+di-idual rei+er baseli+es ill +*t be rele-a+t t*re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 As a result, t2e dii/ulties it2 d*+strea.e+*r/e.e+t a+d sur-eys ill be res*l-ed0

I+ *rder *r t2e 3er(gall*+ .i+i.u.s *r VO" a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s



t2e i+-est.e+ts +eeded t* .eet t2e re5uire.e+ts * t2e 3r*gra., t2ebaseli+e *r t2e 'i.3le M*del is deter.i+ed usi+g MOIE4010 B2e+ re3la/e.e+t * t2e 'i.3le M*del it2 t2e "*.3le M*del isre5uired i+ 199&, t2e issue agai+ arises as t* 2et2er a .*re stri+ge+tsta+dard s2*uld be re5uired by s2iti+g t* use * MOIE=a i+

deter.i+i+g t2e baseli+e0 MOIE=a /learly 3r*-ides a .*re re/e+testi.ate * t2e .*bile s*ur/e VO" i+-e+t*ry t2a+ d*es MOIE4010D*e-er, .a+y * t2e /2a+ges .ade i+ MOIE=a ere i+te+ded t*sig+ii/a+tly i+/rease t2e a//ura/y * t2e e2aust e.issi*+ esti.ates2ile si.ilar /2a+ges 2i/2 *uld 2a-e i+/reased t2e a//ura/y * t2e+*+e2aust VO" e.issi*+ esti.ate ere +*t i+/*r3*rated *r -ari*usreas*+s, i+/ludi+g t2e li.ited ti.e a-ailable t* re-ise t2e MOIE.*del0 As a result, t2e 3r*3*rti*+al /*+tributi*+ * e2aust a+d+*+e2aust VO" e.issi*+s t* t2e i+(use VO" i+-e+t*ry .ay +*t be a+y.*re a//urate i+ MOIE=a t2a+ i+ MOIE401 e-e+ t2*ug2 MOIE=a3r*-ides a .*re a//urate assess.e+t * t2e t*tal /*+tributi*+ * .*biles*ur/es t* t2e e+tire VO" i+-e+t*ry by -irtue * its greater a//ura/yi+ esti.ati+g e2aust VO" e.issi*+s0 'i+/e it is t2e relati-e3r*3*rti*+s * e2aust a+d +*+e2aust VO" e.issi*+s a+d +*t t2e *-erall.ag+itude * t2e .*bile s*ur/e VO" i+-e+t*ry 2i/2 deter.i+es 2*dii/ult it ill be *r rei+ers t* .eet t2e *-erall VO" sta+dard i+199&, it is u+/lear 2et2er MOIE=a *uld be .*re a33r*3riate t* usei+ 199& t2a+ MOIE4010

A si.3le .*del uel e-aluated usi+g t2e /*.3le .*del a/2ie-es .*ret2a+ t2e .i+i.u. 1= re5uire.e+t * t2e A/t usi+g t2e MOIE401baseli+e e2austL+*+e2aust rati* but less t2a+ t2e 1= re5uire.e+tusi+g t2e MOIE=a baseli+e e2austL+*+e2aust rati*0 #i-e+ t2eu+/ertai+ty i+ t2e a/tual i+(use e2austL+*+e2aust rati* duri+g t2isi+teri. 3eri*d, it is dii/ult t* +* 2et2er *r +*t t2e 1= a/tually*uld be a/2ie-ed i+(use by a uel .eeti+g t2e re5uire.e+ts * t2e'i.3le M*del0 si+g MOIE401 t* deter.i+e t2e baseli+e i+ 199& *uldi+tr*du/e s*.e ris t2at t2e 1= .i+i.u. 3er*r.a+/e re5uire.e+t * t2e

A/t *uld +*t be .et i+(use by a uel .eeti+g t2e re5uire.e+ts * t2e'i.3le M*del0 D*e-er, t2is ris is relati-ely s.all i+ .ag+itude lesst2a+ t2ree 3er/e+tage 3*i+ts * e.issi*+ redu/ti*+ are at stae; a+ddurati*+ t2e ris eists *r *+ly t* years;0 O+ t2e *t2er 2a+d, usi+gMOIE=a t* deter.i+e t2e 199& baseli+e *uld result i+ s*.e ris t2atrei+ers *uld be re5uired t* i+/ur greater /*sts t* a/2ie-e a .*restri+ge+t sta+dard t2a+ t2e .i+i.u. re5uired by t2e A/t0 T2is greaterstri+ge+/y *uld 2a-e t2e ee/t * /reati+g a t2ird i+teri. 32ase t*t2e RF# 3r*gra.0

#i-e+ t2e u+/ertai+ty i+ deter.i+i+g 2et2er a MOIE401(based3er*r.a+/e sta+dard *r a MOIE=a(based sta+dard .*re a//uratelyrele/ts t2e i+(use /*+diti*+s i+ 199&, t2e 3*te+tial disru3ti*+ t*rei+ery *3erati*+s e-e+ i *+ly *r a s.all i+/rease i+ t2e



stri+ge+/y * t2e uel re*r.ulati*+ re5uire.e+ts;, t2e a/t t2at a.*re stri+ge+t sta+dard i+ 199& as +*t dis/ussed *r e+-isi*+ed as 3art* t2e regulat*ry +eg*tiati*+ 3r*/ess, a+d t2e a/t t2at a+y ris t*t2e e+-ir*+.e+t is s.all a+d * s2*rt durati*+, E!A d*es +*t belie-e itt* be a33r*3riate t* base t2e !2ase I /*.3le .*del sta+dards *+

MOIE=a a+d re5uire rei+ers t* .eet a .*re stri+ge+t 3er*r.a+/esta+dard i+ 199&0 As a result, E!A ill retai+ MOIE401 it2 basi/ ILMas t2e basis *r t2e !2ase I 3er*r.a+/e sta+dards u+der t2e "*.3leM*del i+ 199&0

I+ su..ary, E!A 2as retai+ed t2e VO" a+d NOJINFK baseli+es3r*3*sed i+ t2e 'N!RM, i+/ludi+g t2e rele-a+t ILM assu.3ti*+s, *r useit2 t2e /*.3le .*del 3ri*r t* @%%%0 T2e *+set * t2e !2ase II3er*r.a+/e sta+dards i+ @%%% ill i+/rease t2e *-erall stri+ge+/y *t2e sta+dards, a+d a +e baseli+e based *+ MOIE=A ill +*t, byitsel, be t2e /ause * +e i+-est.e+t by rei+ers0 y t2is ti.e,e+2a+/ed ILM 3r*gra.s s2*uld be ully *3erati*+al i+ +early allre*r.ulated gas*li+e areas0 T2ere*re, baseli+e VO" a+d NOJINFKe.issi*+ le-els t* be used it2 t2e /*.3le .*del i+ !2ase II are based*+ MOIE=A?s esti.ate * e.issi*+s r*. lig2t(duty -e2i/les a+d tru/sit2 e+2a+/ed ILM0

aseli+e esti.ates * t*i/s e.issi*+s are +*t a-ailable dire/tlyr*. t2e MOIE .*dels0 T2e +*+e2aust t*i/s .*del bases its esti.ates* +*+e2aust t*i/s *+ t2e RV! a+d be+7e+e le-els * t2e uel0 'i+/eb*t2 * t2ese le-els are s3e/iied *r "lea+ Air A/t baseli+e "AA;gas*li+e, E!A 2as used t2e +*+e2aust t*i/s .*del t* deter.i+e t2ebaseli+e +*+e2aust t*i/s e.issi*+ le-el0 T2e e2aust t*i/s baseli+e2as bee+ esti.ated by .ulti3lyi+g t2e e2aust t*i/s e.issi*+ le-el3redi/ted by t2e /*.3le .*del *r "AA gas*li+e by t2e rati* *baseli+e e2aust VO" e.issi*+s t* t2e a-erage e2aust VO" e.issi*+.easure.e+t i+ t2e /*.3le .*del database0 'i+/e t2e i-e regulatede2aust t*i/ 3*lluta+ts are all /lassiied as VO"s, t2is adust.e+tsets t2e baseli+e e2aust t*i/s le-el e5ual t* t2e e2aust t*i/sle-els t2at *uld 2a-e bee+ *bser-ed i t2e -e2i/les re3rese+ted by t2e/*.3le .*del database 2ad VO" e.issi*+ le-els re3rese+tati-e * i+(use-e2i/les 2e+ tested *+ "AA gas*li+e0 N* /*..e+ts ere re/ei-ed*33*si+g t2is a33r*a/2, 2i/2 is dis/ussed i+ .*re detail i+ 'e/ti*+III * t2e RIA0

I+ e-aluati+g t2e 3er*r.a+/e * si.3le .*del uels, E!A 2as*/used its atte+ti*+ *+ t2e a-erage rei+er0 T2e +eed t* /*.3e+sate*r diere+/es betee+ i+di-idual rei+ery baseli+es a+d t2e "lea+ Air

A/t baseli+e 2e+ t2e use * t2e /*.3le .*del be/*.es .a+dat*ry 2asbee+ /*..u+i/ated i+ 3ast 3r*3*sals, *rs2*3s, a+d t2e dis/ussi*+sass*/iated it2 t2e Agree.e+t i+ !ri+/i3le0 De+/e rei+ers 2a-e bee+



gi-e+ ade5uate +*ti/e t2at i t2eir baseli+e uel 3r*du/es 2ig2ere.issi*+s t2a+ "AA uel, t2e+ t2ey .ust *set su/2 e.issi*+s 2e+ t2euse * t2e /*.3le .*del be/*.es .a+dat*ry i+ 199&0 T2e *ur yearsbe*re use * t2e /*.3le .*del be/*.es .a+dat*ry is ade5uate leadti.e*r rei+ers0 Rei+ers u+dertai+g i+-est.e+ts t* /*.3ly it2 t2e

si.3le .*del re5uire.e+ts 2a-e bee+ .ade aare * t2ese re5uire.e+ts,a+d t2is tra+siti*+ 3r*/ess as i+2ere+t i+ t2e regulat*ry +eg*tiati*+agree.e+t a+d i+ 3ri*r 3r*3*sals0 E!A re/*g+i7es t2at t2e 3re/isee.issi*+s i.3a/t * i+di-idual rei+er baseli+es /*uld +*t bedeter.i+ed it2 /*+ide+/e u+til t2e "*.3le M*del as 3r*.ulgated0D*e-er, rei+ers ere aare * at least *+e /*urse * a/ti*+ t2at*uld satisy t2e re5uire.e+ts * t2e 3r*gra. u+der t2e /*.3le .*del,+a.ely t* alter t2eir baseli+e uel t* .at/2 t2e "lea+ Air A/t baseli+e3ri*r t* .eeti+g t2e si.3le .*del re5uire.e+ts0 aseli+e e.issi*+s * VO", NOJINFK, a+d t*i/s are gi-e+ i+ TableIV(1 *r !2ase I a+d i+ Table IV(@ *r !2ase II0 'u..er a+d i+terbaseli+es are s2*+ *r b*t2 32ases, it2 su..er baseli+e e.issi*+s *rVO" "*+tr*l Regi*+s 1 a+d @ s2*+ se3arately0 T2e t*i/s e.issi*+baseli+e s2*+ i+ Table IV(1 is a33li/able *+ly duri+g 199& a+d 1999a+d *r t2*se rei+ers /2**si+g t* use t2e /*.3le .*del 3ri*r t* 199&t2e baseli+es s2*+ i+ Table IV(@ are a33li/able i+ @%%% a+d bey*+d0

Table IV(10((!2ase I aseli+e E.issi*+s, Milligra.sLMile

'u..er

!*lluta+t (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( Regi*+ 1 Regi*+ @ Bi+ter

Ru++i+g l*ss VO"00000000000000000 4C%0)) C9%04@ %0%%D*t s*a VO"000000000000000000000 @64061 @@9096 %0%%8iur+al VO"0000000000000000000000 1@=0%9 1%&0)1 %0%%Reueli+g VO"00000000000000000000 4%0%1 4%0%1 %0%%

N*+e2aust VO"0000000000000000000 &6%04& )6901% %0%%E2aust VO"0000000000000000000000 4460%% 4460%% 66%0%%T*tal VO"000000000000000000000000 1C%604& 1@1=01% 66%0%%NOJINFK000000000000000000000000000000 66%0%% 66%0%% )=%0%%Ru++i+g l*ss be+7e+e0000000000000 409@ 4046 %0%%D*t s*a be+7e+e00000000000000000 C0%@ @06C %0%%8iur+al be+7e+e000000000000000000 10C% 101C %0%%Reueli+g be+7e+e0000000000000000 %04@ %04@ %0%%



N*+e2aust t*i/s0000000000000000 9066 &06C %0%%E2aust be+7e+e000000000000000000 @601% @601% C)0=)

A/etalde2yde000000000000000000000 @019 @019 C0=)F*r.alde2yde000000000000000000000 40&= 40&= )0)C1,C(butadie+e00000000000000000000 40C1 40C1 )0@)!OM000000000000000000000000000000 10=% 10=% @0@1

E2aust t*i/s0000000000000000000 C&09= C&09= =&0C6 T*tal t*i/s00000000000000000 4&061 4)0=& =&0C6

Table IV(10((!2ase II aseli+e E.issi*+s, Milligra.sLMile

'u..er

!*lluta+t (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( Regi*+ 1 Regi*+ @ Bi+ter

Ru++i+g l*ss VO"00000000000000000 C@&0=C @9401= %0%%D*t s*a VO"000000000000000000000 &4011 &%09) %0%%8iur+al VO"0000000000000000000000 9C0C4 6C06@ %0%%Reueli+g VO"00000000000000000000 =C0CC =C0CC %0%%

N*+e2aust VO"0000000000000000000 ==90C1 49@0%) %0%%E2aust VO"0000000000000000000000 9%)0%% 9%)0%% 1C410%% T*tal VO"00000000000000000000 1C%604& 1@1=01% 1C410%%NOJINFK000000000000000000000000000000 1C4%0%% 1C4%0%% 1=4%0%%Ru++i+g l*ss be+7e+e0000000000000 C0)= C0C6 %0%%D*t s*a be+7e+e00000000000000000 %096 %09C %0%%8iur+al be+7e+e000000000000000000 %09) %066 %0%%Reueli+g be+7e+e0000000000000000 %0=6 %0=6 %0%%

N*+e2aust t*i/s0000000000000000 60@4 =0=1 %0%%E2aust be+7e+e000000000000000000 =C0=4 =C0=4 ))06@

A/etalde2yde000000000000000000000 4044 4044 )0@=F*r.alde2yde000000000000000000000 90)% 90)% 1=0C4



1,C(butadie+e00000000000000000000 90C& 90C& 1=0&4!OM000000000000000000000000000000 C0%4 C0%4 40=%

E2aust t*i/s0000000000000000000 &%01% &%01% 1@%0== T*tal t*i/s00000000000000000 &60C4 &=061 1@%0==

E2aust E.issi*+s M*del

10 8ata '*ur/es@0 T2e relati*+s2i3 betee+ uel 3r*3erties a+d e2aust e.issi*+s isC0 /*.3le a+d t2e t2e*ry be2i+d su/2 relati*+s2i3s /*+ti+ues t* be40 de-el*3ed0 As a result, E!A 2as ased i+dustry, state regulat*ry=0 age+/ies, a+d *t2er *rga+i7ati*+s it2 rele-a+t test data t* .ae t2eir60 data a-ailable t* t2e Age+/y t* e+sure t2at t2is rule is based *+ as)0 .u/2 rele-a+t i+*r.ati*+ as 3*ssible0 T2e /*.3le .*del des/ribed i+&0 t2e *ll*i+g se/ti*+ is based *+ data ge+erated r*. a +u.ber *90 e2aust e.issi*+s testi+g 3r*gra.s0 T2ese 3r*gra.s, t2eir desig+1%0 i+te+t, a+d t2eir li.itati*+s are dis/ussed i+ 'e/ti*+ IV0A * t2e RIA0110 8ata r*. t2ese 3r*gra.s ere e/luded r*. E!A?s a+alysis i t2e data1@0ere +*t based *+ a -alid FT! .easure.e+t /y/le, i t2e -e2i/le i+1C05uesti*+ did +*t e.3l*y 199%(e5ui-ale+t e.issi*+ /*+tr*l te/2+*l*gy, i140t2e -e2i/les did +*t e2ibit stable, re3eatable e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e,1=0*r i t2e data ere /learly i+/*+siste+t it2 t2e bul * t2e data160a-ailable t* E!A based *+ statisti/al /*+siderati*+s;0 I+ additi*+,1)0data r*. 3r*gra.s t2at did +*t .easure +*+.et2a+e 2ydr*/arb*+1&0e.issi*+s ere +*t used t* de-el*3 E!A?s e2aust VO" /*.3le .*del0

T2e190Age+/y belie-es its a+alysis /*+sidered all -alid, a+d rele-a+t data *+@%0t2e e2aust e.issi*+s ee/t * uel .*dii/ati*+s 2e+ used i+ 199%@10.*del year a+d e5ui-ale+t -e2i/les t2at as a-ailable at t2e ti.e t2e@@0.*del as de-el*3ed0@C0

@40@=0 A+alysis Met2*d@60 E2aust e.issi*+s are ae/ted by b*t2 -e2i/le a+d uel@)0/2ara/teristi/s0 'i+/e t2e test 3r*gra.s des/ribed ab*-e ge+erally@&0i+-*l-ed diere+t -e2i/les, diere+t uels, a+d i+ s*.e /ases@90diere+t test 3r*/edures, t2e a+alysis re5uired t* deter.i+e t2eC%0relati*+s2i3 betee+ uel 3r*3erties a+d e.issi*+s is /*.3le0 D*e-er,C10E!A belie-es t2at t2e .et2*ds used t* de-el*3 t2e /*.3le .*delC@0/*+siders a+d addresses t2ese /*.3leities a33r*3riately0 E!A utili7edCC0statisti/al a+alysis te/2+i5ues t* is*late t2e ee/ts * uel



C40.*dii/ati*+s *+ e2aust e.issi*+s * VO", NOJINFK, a+d t*i/s r*.C=0*t2er a/t*rs ae/ti+g e2aust e.issi*+s0C60 At a series * si 3ubli/ *rs2*3s 2eld *-er t2e 3ast t* years,C)0t2e Age+/y 3rese+ted its -ies *+ data s*ur/es, a+alysis .et2*ds, a+dC&03reli.i+ary e.issi*+s .*dels *r 3ubli/ re-ie a+d /*..e+t0 T2e Age+/y

C90als* re5uested *t2er *rga+i7ati*+s t* s2are t2eir data, a+alysis4%0e3ertise, a+d e.issi*+s .*dels at t2ese *rs2*3s0 T2e .et2*ds used t*410de-el*3 t2e .*del 3r*.ulgated t*day a33r*3riately i+/*r3*rate t2e4@0/*..e+ts a+d suggesti*+s regardi+g t2e a+alysis 3r*/ess re/ei-ed at t2e4C0*rs2*3s, as ell as *t2er /*..e+ts a+d suggesti*+s re/ei-ed r*.440i+dustry, state a+d ederal g*-er+.e+t aut2*rities, a+d *t2er4=0i+terested 3arties duri+g t2e /*urse * t2is rule.ai+g0 I+*r.ati*+460regardi+g t2e *rs2*3s, 3ubli/ /*..e+ts a+d suggesti*+s, a+d E!A?s4)0a+alysis .et2*ds /a+ be *u+d i+ 8*/et A(9@(1@0 T2e a33r*a/2 /2*se+ by4&0E!A t* a+aly7e t2e a-ailable data is su..ari7ed bel* a+d is dis/ussed490.*re ully i+ 'e/ti*+ IV0A * t2e RIA0=%0 'i+/e t2e -e2i/le a+d t2e uel b*t2 ae/t e2aust e.issi*+s, E!A?s=10a+alysis se3arated e2aust e.issi*+s i+t* uel /*.3*+e+ts a+d -e2i/le=@0/*.3*+e+ts0 I+ all test 3r*gra.s a+aly7ed by E!A, t2e si+gle .*st=C0sig+ii/a+t deter.i+a+t * t2e le-el * e.issi*+s r*. a gi-e+ -e2i/le=40*+ a gi-e+ uel as t2e -e2i/le itsel0 Fuel 3r*3erties eert a .u/2==0s.aller i+lue+/e *+ e2aust e.issi*+s t2a+ d* -e2i/le /2ara/teristi/s=60su/2 as e.issi*+ /*+tr*l syste. te/2+*l*gy, -e2i/le .ileage, /atalyst=)0ei/ie+/y, *yge+ se+s*r ei/ie+/y, e+gi+e si7e, e+gi+e desig+,=&0-e2i/le si7e, uel ei/ie+/y, -e2i/le .ai+te+a+/e, et/0 T* ide+tiy=90 t2e ee/ts * uel 3r*3erty .*dii/ati*+s *+ e.issi*+s, E!A *u+d it6%0+e/essary t* ide+tiy t2e ee/t * ea/2 -e2i/le *+ e.issi*+s a+d610se3arate t2is ee/t r*. t2e uel ee/ts0 F*r -e2i/les used i+ .*re6@0t2a+ *+e test 3r*gra., E!A *u+d it +e/essary t* deter.i+e t2e -e2i/le6C0ee/t se3arately *r ea/2 test 3r*gra. si+/e -e2i/le ee/ts ere640*bser-ed t* /2a+ge betee+ studies06=0

660 T2e uel /*.3*+e+ts * e2aust e.issi*+s ere se3arated i+t* t*6)0.ai+ /ateg*ries0 T2e irst /ateg*ry /*+sisted * t2e ee/ts *6&0i+di-idual uel 3ara.eters0 F*r ea.3le, t2e ee/t * sulur *+690NOJINFK e.issi*+s as best .*deled by a relati*+s2i3 /*+tai+i+g a)%0li+ear sulur ter. * t2e *r. /JINFK1', 2ere /JINFK1 is a /*+sta+t)10a+d ' is t2e sulur le-el; a+d a se/*+d(*rder sulur ter. * t2e *r.)@0/JINFK@'J'!K@, 2ere /JINFK@ is a /*+sta+t;0 T2e se/*+d /ateg*ry *)C0uel ter.s /*+sisted * i+tera/ti-e ee/ts betee+ t* uel)403ara.eters0 F*r ea.3le, E!A?s a+alysis *u+d t2at t2e ee/t *)=0ar*.ati/s *+ 2ydr*/arb*+ e.issi*+s is related t* t2e EC%% le-el * t2e)60uel0 T2is ee/t /a++*t be re3rese+ted as a+ ar*.ati/s *r EC%% ee/t))0al*+e but .ust be re3rese+ted as a+ i+tera/ti-e ter. * t2e *r.)&0/JINFKCAE, 2ere /JINFKC is a /*+sta+t, A is t2e ar*.ati/s le-el, a+d E)90is t2e EC%% le-el0



&%0

&10 I+ t2e February 199C 3r*3*sal, E!A i+di/ated t2at it 3la++ed t*&@0.ae se-eral /2a+ges t* t2e .et2*d used t* de-el*3 t2e /*.3le .*del0&C0As dis/ussed i+ t2at 3r*3*sal a+d i+ t2e RIA, uels /a+ be

&40/2ara/teri7ed i+ ter.s * a +u.ber * diere+t sets * uel&=03ara.eters0 E!A used t2e results * i+di-idual uel studies a+d its&603ubli/ *rs2*3s t* sele/t t2e set * uel 3ara.eters used t* .*del&)0e2aust e.issi*+s i+ its February 199C 3r*3*sal0 At t2at ti.e, t2e&&0Age+/y i+di/ated t2at it .ig2t alter its /2*i/e * 3ara.eters t*&90re3rese+t gas*li+e distillati*+ /2ara/teristi/s r*. a te.3erature9%0basis usi+g T=% a+d T9%; t* a 3er/e+t e-a3*rated basis usi+g E@%% a+d910EC%%, t2e 3er/e+tage * t2e uel?s -*lu.e t2at e-a3*rates 2e+ 2eated9@0t* @%% deg0F a+d C%% deg0F, res3e/ti-ely;0 F*r reas*+s *utli+ed i+ t2e9C0February 199C N!RM a+d se/ti*+ IV0A * t2e RIA, E!A 2as /2*se+ t* .ae940t2is /2a+ge a+d 2as /*+-erted its e2aust e.issi*+ .*dels t* a 3er/e+t9=0e-a3*rated basis si+/e t2e N!RM as issued, re.*-i+g t2e T=% a+d T9%960ter.s r*. its .*dels i+ t2e 3r*/ess0 T2e Aut*LOil Dea-y Dydr*/arb*+9)0a+d E!A !2ase II Re*r.ulated #as*li+e Test !r*gra. studies 2a-e bee+9&0added t* t2e /*.3le .*del database0 Fi+ally, E!A 2as /2a+ged t2e990/*+ide+/e le-el re5uired t* 3er.it ter.s t* re.ai+ i+ t2e .*del t* 9%1%%0 3er/e+t, i+ ee3i+g it2 t2e a33r*a/2 used i+ de-el*3i+g t2e si.3le1%10 .*del0 T2e Age+/y as +*t able t* deter.i+e t2e i+lue+/e * t2e ty3e1%@0 * ar*.ati/ /*.3*u+ds i+ uels, s3e/ii/ally 2ea-y ar*.ati/s, *+1%C0 e2aust e.issi*+s, a+d 2e+/e su/2 ter.s 2a-e +*t bee+ i+/luded i+ t2e1%40 /*.3le .*del at t2is ti.e01%=0

1%60 e/ause -e2i/les /a+ 2a-e diere+t e.issi*+ /*+tr*l syste.s, t2e1%)0 Age+/y a+ti/i3ated t2at uel .*dii/ati*+s *uld 2a-e diere+t1%&0 e.issi*+ ee/ts *+ diere+t ty3es * /ars0 T* a//*u+t *r t2ese1%90 diere+/es, E!A?s February 199C 3r*3*sal di-ided -e2i/les i+t* t*11%0 >>e.itter /lasses?? +*r.al a+d 2ig2er e.itters; based *+ t2eir e2aust1110 e.issi*+ le-els0 E!A t2e+ subdi-ided -e2i/les i+ ea/2 e.itter /lass11@0 i+t* >>te/2+*l*gy gr*u3s?? based *+ t2e e.issi*+ /*+tr*l te/2+*l*gy11C0 it2 2i/2 ea/2 -e2i/le as e5ui33ed0 D*e-er, as dis/ussed i+ t2e1140 N!RM, E!A as /*+/er+ed t2at te/2+*l*gy gr*u3 disti+/ti*+s a.*+g

2ig2er11=0 e.itters .ig2t +*t be a33r*3riate, si+/e su/2 -e2i/les? 2ig2 le-el *1160 e.issi*+s i+di/ated t2at t2eir e.issi*+ /*+tr*l syste.s ere +*t11)0 u+/ti*+i+g 3r*3erly0 I+ additi*+, t2e li.ited 5ua+tity * data *r11&0 2ig2er e.itters .ade it dii/ult t* ide+tiy ge+ui+e diere+/es i+1190 e.issi*+s res3*+se betee+ 2ig2er e.itters * diere+t te/2+*l*gy1@%0 gr*u3s0 Ma+y /*..e+ters e3ressed si.ilar /*+/er+s0 De+/e t2e .*del1@10 3r*.ulgated t*day d*es +*t di-ide 2ig2er e.itters i+t* te/2+*l*gy gr*u31@@0 /ateg*ries but retai+s su/2 disti+/ti*+s 2e+ a+aly7i+g +*r.al1@C0 e.itters0 I+ res3*+se t* +u.er*us /*..e+ts, E!A atte.3ted t* redu/e t2e



1@40 +u.ber * +*r.al e.itter te/2+*l*gy gr*u3s0 D*e-er, as dis/ussed i+1@=0 se/ti*+ IV0A * t2e RIA, E!A as u+able t* ide+tiy a+ a33r*3riate1@60 basis *r /*+s*lidati*+0 E!A /*+siders its rete+ti*+ * e.itter /lass1@)0 a+d te/2+*l*gy gr*u3 disti+/ti*+s t* be ustiied by t2e 3rese+/e *1@&0 statisti/ally sig+ii/a+t uel ee/ts s3e/ii/ t* i+di-idual e.itter

1@90 /lasses a+d te/2+*l*gy gr*u3s i+ t*day?s /*.3le .*del01C%0 At t2e sa.e ti.e, E!A re/*g+i7ed t2e -alidity * /*..e+ts re/ei-ed1C10 r*. a +u.ber * s*ur/es t2at 1; .a+y e.issi*+ ee/ts ere liely t*1C@0 be /*+siste+t a/r*ss .ulti3le te/2+*l*gy gr*u3s *r a/r*ss e.itter1CC0 /lasses, a+d @; i+sui/ie+t data ere a-ailable t* .*del .a+y1C40 3*te+tial ter.s, 3arti/ularly i+tera/ti-e ter.s0 T2e a33r*a/2 used by1C=0 E!A t* /*+stru/t t2e /*.3le .*del 3r*3*sed i+ February 199C did +*t1C60 i+/*r3*rate t2ese legiti.ate /*+/er+s0 T* d* s*, E!A 2as utili7ed a1C)0 .*diied -ersi*+ * t2e >>u+iied?? a33r*a/2 ad-*/ated by A!I a+d *t2er1C&0 /*..e+ters as des/ribed i+ t2e RIA; t* de-el*3 t*day?s /*.3le .*del01C90 T2is .*deli+g a33r*a/2, t2e statisti/al /riteria used by E!A i+14%0 /*+u+/ti*+ it2 t2is a33r*a/2, a+d t2e te/2+i5ues used t* si.3liy t2e1410 .*dels are dis/ussed i+ detail i+ se/ti*+ IV0A * t2e RIA a+d are14@0 su..ari7ed bel*014C0

1440 First, i+tera/ti-e ter.s ere 3er.itted t* e+ter t2e .*dels *+ly14=0 2e+ sui/ie+t data ere a-ailable0 T2e .*del 3r*3*sed i+ t2e February1460 199C N!RM 3er.itted all i+tera/ti-e ter.s t* e+ter t2e .*dels,14)0 regardless * 2et2er sui/ie+t data ere a-ailable t* esti.ate su/214&0 a+ ee/t, a+d it did +*t a33ly statisti/al /riteria t* e-aluate1490 2et2er ter.s added t* t2e .*del i+tr*du/ed .*re ris * i+a//ura/y i+1=%0 t2e .*del t2a+ t2ey re.*-ed01=10

1=@0 'e/*+d, 3reli.i+ary .*dels *r 2ig2er e.itti+g -e2i/les ere1=C0 /*+stru/ted based s*lely *+ data r*. su/2 -e2i/les0 O+ly t2*se ter.s1=40 t2at satisied E!A?s statisti/al /riteria dis/ussed at le+gt2 i+ t2e1==0 RIA; ere retai+ed0 T2ese /riteria i+/luded .easures t* bala+/e1=60 *-eritti+g i+tr*du/i+g t** .a+y ter.s t* e3lai+ t2e *bser-ed data;1=)0 a+d u+deritti+g +*t i+/ludi+g ter.s +e/essary t* e3lai+ t2e *bser-ed1=&0 data;0 T2e N!RM .*del did +*t i+/lude .easures t* 3re-e+t *-eritti+g01=90 T2ird, t2e e+tire database as a+aly7ed usi+g t2e u+iied a33r*a/2016%0 T2e ee/ts * ea/2 ter. *+ e.issi*+s as di-ided i+t* t* 3arts: a+1610 a-erage ee/t a/r*ss all -e2i/les, a+d a series * adust.e+t ter.s16@0 *r ea/2 te/2+*l*gy gr*u3 a+d *r 2ig2er e.itters0 O+ly t2*se ter.s16C0 t2at satisied E!A?s statisti/al /riteria ere retai+ed, it2 t*1640 e/e3ti*+s0 Dig2er e.itter adust.e+t ter.s ere retai+ed regardless *16=0 statisti/al sig+ii/a+/e si+/e t2ey 2ad bee+ *u+d t* be statisti/ally1660 sig+ii/a+t 2e+ ea.i+i+g t2e 2ig2er e.itter data se3arately0 E!A as16)0 /*+/er+ed t2at ailure t* d* s* .ig2t /ause ge+ui+e 2ig2er e.itter16&0 ee/ts t* be >>as2ed *ut?? by t2e greater +u.ber * data *r +*r.al



1690 e.itters0 I+ additi*+, s*.e *-erall ter.s ere retai+ed *r 2ierar/2y1)%0 reas*+s des3ite l* statisti/al sig+ii/a+/e0 F*r ea.3le, a li+ear1)10 ter. *r a gi-e+ uel 3ara.eter e0g0, EC%%; .ig2t +*t be sig+ii/a+t1)@0 2ile a s5uared ter. *r t2e sa.e 3ara.eter e0g0, EC%%P@P; .ig2t be1)C0 sig+ii/a+t0 'i+/e t2e .at2e.ati/al *r. * t2e s5uared ter.s i+/ludes

1)40 t2e /*rres3*+di+g li+ear ee/ts, t2e li+ear ter. *uld be retai+ed1)=0 regardless * sig+ii/a+/e t* 3reser-e t2e .*del?s 2ierar/2i/al1)60 stru/ture0 T2e i.3*rta+/e * 2ierar/2y as e.32asi7ed by a +u.ber *1))0 *rs2*3 3arti/i3a+ts a+d /*..e+ters, as dis/ussed i+ t2e RIA0 T2e

N!RM1)&0 .*del i+/luded se3arate ter.s *r ea/2 te/2+*l*gy gr*u3 a+d e.itter1)90 /lass a+d 2e+/e did +*t i+/lude ter.s t* re3rese+t t2e a-erage ee/t1&%0 * a uel 3ara.eter a/r*ss all -e2i/les0 T2e N!RM .*del als* did +*t1&10 i+/*r3*rate 2ierar/2y /*+siderati*+s01&@0

1&C0 F*urt2, *utlyi+g a+d *-erly i+lue+tial data ere dr*33ed r*. t2e1&40 database a+d t2e .*del as re(esti.ated based *+ t2e re.ai+i+g data01&=0 Outlyi+g data /*+sist * *bser-ati*+s t2at dier r*. t2e a-erage1&60 *bser-ed ee/t by s* large a .argi+ t2at t2ey are .*re liely t*1&)0 re3rese+t *bser-ati*+al err*r, re3*rti+g err*r, *r *t2er .easure.e+t1&&0 artia/ts t2a+ ge+ui+e 32e+*.e+a0 Outlyi+g data /a+ *bs/ure ge+ui+e1&90 e.issi*+s ee/ts0 I+lue+tial data /*+sist * *bser-ati*+s t2at by19%0 t2e.sel-es .aterially ae/t t2e resulti+g .*del, i0e0, t2e .*del *uld1910 dier .aterially i t2ey ere e/luded0 I+ a database t2e si7e * t2e19@0 "*.3le M*del database, i+di-idual data 3*i+ts s2*uld +*t 2a-e su/219C0 u+usually large ee/ts0 E/ludi+g *utlyi+g a+d i+lue+tial1940 *bser-ati*+s is sta+dard statisti/al 3ra/ti/e0 T2e N!RM .*del did +*t19=0 e/lude eit2er ty3e * *bser-ati*+01960

19)0 Fit2, ter.s ere deleted r*. t2e resulti+g .*del t* a-*id19&0 *-eritti+g a+d /*lli+earity 3r*ble.s0 O-eritti+g *//urs 2e+ s* .a+y1990 ter.s are i+/luded i+ a regressi*+ .*del t2at t2e e3e/ted err*r due t*@%%0 t2e err*+e*us i+/lusi*+ * a ter. e/eeds t2e e3e/ted err*r due t* +*t@%10 i+/ludi+g t2e ter.0 "*lli+earity 3r*ble.s *//ur 2e+ t2e uel@%@0 3ara.eters i+/luded i+ t2e .*del are /*rrelated it2 *+e a+*t2er i+ t2e@%C0 uels tested0 F*r ea.3le, t2e additi*+ * *yge+ate t* gas*li+e /auses@%40 E@%% t* i+/rease0 T2e *yge+ate(/*+tai+i+g uels i+ t2e /*.3le .*del@%=0 database te+d t* 2a-e 2ig2er E@%% -alues t2a+ uels it2*ut *yge+ate0@%60 I+ a se+se, *+e /a+ 3redi/t t2e E@%% -alue * a uel by +*i+g its@%)0 *yge+ /*+te+t0 De+/e t2ese t* 3ara.eters *uld be /*+sidered t* be@%&0 2ig2ly /*lli+ear0 'i+/e regressi*+ .*dels are de-el*3ed u+der t2e@%90 assu.3ti*+ t2at ter.s are +*t /*lli+ear, t2e 3rese+/e * str*+g@1%0 /*lli+earities /a+ i+tr*du/e err*r i+t* t2e regressi*+0 T*day?s /*.3le@110 .*del taes b*t2 /*lli+earity a+d *-eritti+g i+t* a//*u+t by usi+g a@1@0 sta+dard statisti/al /riteri*+ /alled Mall*?s "JINFK3 /riteri*+ t*



@1C0 re.*-e ter.s 2i/2 i+tr*du/e large *-eritti+g a+d /*lli+earity@140 3r*ble.s0 T2is a33r*a/2 resulted i+ a si.3ler, .*re reas*+able, a+d@1=0 statisti/ally .*re s*u+d .*del t2a+ 2ad bee+ 3r*3*sed i+ t2e February@160 199C N!RM0 It s2*uld be +*ted t2at 2ig2 e.itter ter.s *r/ed i+t* t2e@1)0 .*del earlier i+ t2e 3r*/ess /*uld be dr*33ed at t2is stage * t2e

@1&0 a+alysis0 Measures ere tae+ t* li.it /*lli+earity 3r*ble.s i+ t2e@190 N!RM .*del, but *-eritti+g /*+/er+s a+d t2e "JINFK3 /riteri*+ ere +*t@@%0 addressed0@@10

@@@0 'it2, t2e /*+tributi*+ * ea/2 re.ai+i+g ter. t* t2e .*del?s@@C0 e3la+at*ry 3*er as esti.ated, a+d t2*se ter.s 2*se /*+tributi*+@@40 su..ed t* less t2a+ *+e 3er/e+t ere deleted i0e0, t2e retai+ed ter.s@@=0 a//*u+ted *r 99 3er/e+t * t2e e3la+at*ry 3*er * t2e .*del; t*@@60 si.3liy t2e *r. * t2e .*del it2*ut .aterially redu/i+g its ability@@)0 t* 3redi/t t2e e.issi*+s i.3a/t * uel .*dii/ati*+s0 T2is ste3 as@@&0 +*t tae+ duri+g de-el*3.e+t * t2e N!RM .*del0@@90 Fi+ally, t2e resulti+g .*dels *r ea/2 te/2+*l*gy gr*u3 it2i+ t2e@C%0 set * +*r.al e.itti+g -e2i/les ere /*+s*lidated i+t* a si+gle@C10 e5uati*+ usi+g a ra+d*. bala+/e a33r*i.ati*+0 T2e details * t2at@C@0 a33r*i.ati*+ are gi-e+ i+ 'e/ti*+ IV0A * t2e RIA0 T2is ste3 as +*t@CC0 tae+ duri+g de-el*3.e+t * t2e N!RM .*del0@C40 T2e results * E!A?s .*deli+g e*rts /*+ir.s t2e i.3*rta+/e *@C=0 te/2+*l*gy gr*u3 a+d e.itter /lass disti+/ti*+s, as /a+ be see+ by@C60 ea.i+i+g t2e diere+/es i+ t2e e2aust e.issi*+ e5uati*+s *r@C)0 s3e/ii/ +*r.al e.itter te/2+*l*gy gr*u3s *r *r +*r.al a+d 2ig2er@C&0 e.itter /lass /ateg*ries as dis/ussed i+ greater detail i+ t2e RIA;0@C90 E*rts t* redu/e t2e +u.ber * te/2+*l*gy gr*u3 /ateg*ries *r +*r.al@4%0 e.itters ere +*t su//essul0 E*rts t* subdi-ide 2ig2er e.itters by@410 t2eir e.issi*+ /2ara/teristi/s su/2 as e2aust 2ydr*/arb*+ t* NOJINFK@4@0 rati* did +*t i.3r*-e t2e 5uality * E!A?s 2ig2er e.itter .*del0@4C0 D*e-er, as dis/ussed ab*-e, E!A *u+d it u++e/essary t* se3arate@440 2ig2er e.itters by te/2+*l*gy gr*u30 T2is .*dii/ati*+ rele/ts E!A?s@4=0 belie, su33*rted by 3reli.i+ary ield i+*r.ati*+, t2at *+e *r .*re@460 e.issi*+ /*+tr*l /*.3*+e+ts *+ 2ig2er e.itters te+d t* be@4)0 .alu+/ti*+i+g, 2i/2 re+ders a /lassii/ati*+ s/2e.e based *+ -e2i/le@4&0 e5ui3.e+t 5uesti*+able0@490

@=%0@=10 E2aust M*del@=@0 As as dis/ussed i+ t2e A3ril 199@ a+d February 199C 3r*3*sals, t2e@=C0 eig2t assig+ed t* ea/2 te/2+*l*gy gr*u3 *r e.itter /lass *r .*deli+g@=40 3ur3*ses as set e5ual t* its /*+tributi*+ t* i+(use e.issi*+s *r ea/2@==0 3*lluta+t0 T2e eig2t assig+ed t* ea/2 e.itter /lass as set e5ual t*@=60 its 3r*e/ted /*+tributi*+ t* i+(use e.issi*+s0 T2e eig2ti+g a/t*r@=)0 assig+ed t* +*r.al e.itters as t2e+ br*e+ d*+ urt2er by te/2+*l*gy



@=&0 gr*u3, agai+ a//*rdi+g t* t2eir 3r*e/ted /*+tributi*+ t* i+(use@=90 e.issi*+s0 T2ese esti.ates a+d 3r*e/ti*+s are esse+tially u+/2a+ged@6%0 r*. t2e February 199C 3r*3*sal, alt2*ug2 .i+*r /2a+ges 2a-e bee+

.ade@610 t* rele/t .*re /*.3lete i+*r.ati*+ ab*ut t2e ra/ti*+ * 199% sales

@6@0 a//*u+ted *r by ea/2 te/2+*l*gy gr*u30 T2e rati*+ale *r, deri-ati*+@6C0 *, a+d re+*r.ali7ati*+ * t2e eig2ti+g a/t*rs t2e.sel-es are@640 dis/ussed i+ .*re detail i+ t2e RIA0@6=0

@660 Vari*us /*..e+ters i+di/ated t2at t2ey /*+sidered E!A?s 3re-i*usly@6)0 3r*3*sed .*dels ere t** /*.3le0 I+ res3*+se, t2e Age+/y 2as .*diied@6&0 its a+alysis .et2*d i+ se-eral ays0 T2e resulti+g .et2*d, des/ribed i+@690 'e/ti*+ IV00@, results i+ e2aust e.issi*+ .*dels /*+tai+i+g t*@)%0 e5uati*+s *r ea/2 3*lluta+t i+stead * as .a+y as sitee+ se3arate@)10 e5uati*+s, as as t2e /ase *r t2e .*del 3r*3*sed i+ February 199C0@)@0 Ea/2 e5uati*+ als* 2as ar eer ter.s t2a+ t2e February 199C@)C0 e5uati*+s0 D*e-er, E!A d*es +*t belie-e t2at t*day?s less /*.3li/ated@)40 /*.3le .*del is less a//urate t2a+ t2e /*.3le .*dels 3rese+ted at@)=0 3ubli/ *rs2*3s *r i+ t2e February 3r*3*sal0 T2is belie is based *+@)60 t2e .*dels? /*.3arable e3la+at*ry 3*er as rele/ted i+ t2eir si.ilar@))0 RP@P; a+d t2e su3eri*r a//ura/y * t*day?s .*del i+ a//*u+ti+g *r t2e@)&0 e.issi*+ ee/ts see+ i+ t2e -e2i/le testi+g 3r*gra.s t2at /*.3rise t2e@)90 /*.3le .*del database0 T*day?s VO" a+d NOJINFK .*dels are based

*+@&%0 t2e .*st a//urate * t2e t2ree sets * .*dels i+/luded i+ E!A?s <uly@&10 14, 199C d*/et sub.ittal, 2ile als* tai+g i+t* a//*u+t rele-a+t@&@0 /*..e+ts regardi+g s3e/ii/ as3e/ts * t2e .*dels0 T*day?s t*i/s@&C0 .*dels are a urt2er si.3lii/ati*+ * t2e .*dels i+/luded i+ t2e <uly@&40 199C d*/et sub.ittal i+ res3*+se t* /*..e+ts re/ei-ed by E!A *+ its@&=0 d*/et sub.ittal0 T2ese 3*i+ts are dis/ussed .*re ully i+ 'e/ti*+ IV0A@&60 * t2e RIA0@&)0

@&&0 T2e s3e/ii/ e5uati*+s t2at /*.3rise t2e /*.3le .*del /a+ be *u+d@&90 i+ se/ti*+ &%04= * t2e regulati*+s *r t2is rule0 T2eir deri-ati*+ is@9%0 dis/ussed i+ detail i+ 'e/ti*+ IV0A * t2e RIA0 T2e ra+ge * 3ara.eter@910 -alues *r 2i/2 t2ese e5uati*+s are -alid is dis/ussed i+ 'e/ti*+ 8@9@0 a+d i+ 'e/ti*+ IV08 * t2e RIA0 As dis/ussed i+ 'e/ti*+ V, rei+ers are@9C0 re5uired t* sub.it data t* aug.e+t t2e .*del i t2ey is2 t* /ertiy@940 uels it2 3r*3erties t2at all *utside t2is ra+ge as re*r.ulated@9=0 gas*li+es0@960

"0 N*+e2aust M*del



-a3*r re/*-ery syste.s0 D*e-er, t2ese re5uire.e+ts did +*t a33ly t*199% .*del year -e2i/les a+d 2e+/e /a++*t be i+/*r3*rated i+t* t2e.*del *r /ertii/ati*+ 3ur3*ses0 I+ additi*+, E!A 2as /2*se+ +*t t*i+/*r3*rate t2e ee/ts * *+b*ard reueli+g /*+tr*ls i+ its e-aluati*+* t2e ee/ts * re*r.ulated uels *+ e.issi*+s r*. t2e e+tire i+use

-e2i/le leet, 2i/2 i+/ludes -e2i/les r*. a +u.ber * diere+t.*del years0 T2is de/isi*+ as .ade *r se-eral reas*+s0 First,re5uire.e+ts *r *+b*ard reueli+g /*+tr*ls 2a-e +*t yet bee+i+ali7ed, .ai+g e-aluati*+ * t2eir i.3a/t *+ i+(use e.issi*+sdii/ult0 'e/*+d, *+b*ard reueli+g /*+tr*ls are +*t e3e/ted t* bere5uired *+ all +e -e2i/les u+til @%%% a+d are +*t e3e/ted t* be3rese+t *+ t2e bul * i+(use -e2i/les *r se-eral years ater t2atti.e0 T2ird, 2ile *+b*ard /*+tr*ls are e3e/ted t* be .*re ei/ie+tat /*+tr*lli+g reueli+g e.issi*+s t2a+ 'tage II /*+tr*ls, t2ediere+/e is +*t e3e/ted t* be large i+ areas ae/ted by t2ere*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. a+d ill ae/t *+ly a s.all 3*rti*+ *t*tal +*+e2aust VO" e.issi*+s0 'i+/e E!A?s a+alysis * t2e additi*+albe+eits * *+b*ard -a3*r re/*-ery /*+tr*ls is +*t yet a-ailable, a+dsi+/e su/2 be+eits are e3e/ted t* be s.all relati-e t* *-eralle.issi*+s, E!A 2as /2*se+ t* retai+ its assu.3ti*+s regardi+g 'tage II-a3*r re/*-ery i+ *re/asti+g t2e ee/ts * uel .*dii/ati*+s *++*+e2aust VO" e.issi*+s r*. t2e i+(use -e2i/le leet0 T2e *+ly t*i/ air 3*lluta+t /*-ered by t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e3r*gra. t2at is *u+d i+ +*+e2aust e.issi*+s is be+7e+e, 2i/2 is a+atural /*.3*+e+t * gas*li+e0 T2e *t2er *ur t*i/ air 3*lluta+tslisted i+ se/ti*+ @11; are s*lely 3r*du/ts * uel /*.busti*+ a+d2e+/e are +*t *u+d +*+e2aust e.issi*+s0 As dis/ussed i+ t2e 'N!RM,t2e Age+/y?s /*rrelati*+ betee+ uel be+7e+e /*+te+t a+d su..er +*+e2austbe+7e+e e.issi*+s is based *+ results r*. #e+eral M*t*rs?3r*3rietary .*del * ta+ -a3*rs, as /*+ir.ed i+de3e+de+tly by E!Age+erateddata usi+g a +u.ber * uels0 *t2 t2e deri-ati*+ a+d-erii/ati*+ * t2e +*+(e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s .*del are dis/ussed.*re ully i+ t2e RIA0 T2e +*+e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+ .*del als*de3e+ds *+ t2e RV! * t2e uel, as is t2e /ase *r t2e +*+e2aust VO"e.issi*+ .*del0 T2e deri-ati*+ * t2e +*+e2aust be+7e+e a+d VO" .*delsis dis/ussed .*re ully i+ t2e RIA0

80 Ra+geLEtra3*lati*+

ie all regressi*+ .*dels, t2e /*.3le .*del is +*t -alid *r all3*ssible i+3ut -alues0 T2e ra+ge * uel 3ara.eter -alues *-er 2i/2t2e /*.3le .*del a//urately 3redi/ts -e2i/le e.issi*+s is gi-e+ i+Table IV(C0 T2ese ra+ges are based *+ t2e ra+ge * data used t* de-el*3t2e .*dels a+d *+ /*..e+ts re/ei-ed by t2e Age+/y *+ t2is issue0 T2eli.its 3r*3*sed i+ t2e February 199C ere, i+ s*.e /ases, +arr*er t2a+t2e ra+ge * data used t* de-el*3 t2e /*.3le .*del0 I+ additi*+, t2eli.its 3r*3*sed i+ t2e N!RM *uld 2a-e 3re-e+ted a +u.ber * -ery l*



e.itti+g uels r*. bei+g /ertiied usi+g t2e .*del0

Table IV(C0((!ara.eter Ra+ges *r B2i/2 t2e "*.3le M*del "a+ e sed

Valid ra+ge *r:(((((((((((((((((((((((((((

Fuel !ara.eter Re*r.ulated "*+-e+ti*+al uel uel

Ar*.ati/s, -*l 0000000000000000000000000000 %(=% %(==E@%%, 0000000000000000000000000000000000000 C%()% C%()%EC%%, 0000000000000000000000000000000000000 )%(1%% )%(1%%Olei+s, -*l 000000000000000000000000000000 %(@= %(C%Oyge+, -*l 0000000000000000000000000000000 %(C0) %(C0)RV!, 3si000000000000000000000000000000000000 604(1% 604(11'ulur, 33.000000000000000000000000000000000 %(=%% %(1%%%e+7e+e, -*l 000000000000000000000000000000 %(@0% %(409

E!A 2as re/ei-ed a +u.ber * /*..e+ts re5uesti+g alterati*+s i+ t2e.*del?s ra+ge0 Ater /*+sideri+g t2ese /*..e+ts a+d re(e-aluati+g t2edata *+ 2i/2 t2e /*.3le .*del is based, E!A 2as .*diied t2e ra+geli.its0 I+ s*.e /ases, E!A 2as /2*se+ t* etra3*late t2e /*.3le .*delslig2tly bey*+d t2e ra+ge *r 2i/2 data ere a-ailable i+ *rder t*all* additi*+al uels, b*t2 /*+-e+ti*+al a+d re*r.ulated, t* bee-aluated usi+g t2e .*del it2*ut re/*urse t* e3e+si-e a+d ti.e/*+su.i+g-e2i/le testi+g0 T2ese etra3*lati*+s are li.ited t* t2*se3ara.eters 2*se ee/ts a33ear t* be ell(/2ara/teri7ed by t2e /*.3le.*del0 A detailed dis/ussi*+ * t2e li.its * t2e a-ailable data, E!A?srati*+ale *r ete+di+g t2e -alid ra+ge * t2e .*del *r s*.e3ara.eters, a+d t2e etra3*lati*+ .et2*d used t* ete+d t2e .*del /a+be *u+d i+ 'e/ti*+ IV08 * t2e RIA0

E0 Bi+ter

B2ile t2e VO" 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard *r re*r.ulated uels a33lies*+ly i+ t2e su..er, t2e t*i/s a+d +*(NOJINFK(i+/rease re5uire.e+tsa33ly year(r*u+d0 E!A t2ere*re re/*g+i7ed t2e +eed t* .*del t2ee2aust t*i/s a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * re*r.ulatedgas*li+es duri+g t2e i+ter .*+t2s as ell as duri+g t2e 2ig2 *7*+eseas*+0 M*deli+g i+ter e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e, 2*e-er, 3rese+ted a+u.ber * dii/ulties0 First, t2e data s*ur/es des/ribed earlier



3r*-ided data *+ e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e *+ly u+der su..er /*+diti*+s a+d*r gas*li+es it2 RV! le-els ty3i/al * su..er gas*li+es0 'e/*+d, t2eRV! le-els * uels i+/luded i+ t2e /*.3le .*del database ra+ged r*.) t* 1% 3si, 2ile i+ter uels te+d t* 2a-e RV! le-els i+ t2e 110= 3sira+ge a+d are +*t restri/ted by *t2er regulati*+s0 De+/e t2e /*.3le

.*del /a++*t be used dire/tly *r uels it2 ty3i/al i+ter RV! le-els0 RV!?s i.3a/t *+ /a+ister l*adi+g a+d subse5ue+t 3urgi+g is t2*ug2tt* be t2e 3ri.ary /ause * its ee/ts *+ e2aust e.issi*+s0 'i+/e datad* +*t eist *+ t2e ee/ts * i+ter uels *+ /a+ister l*adi+g u+deri+ter /*+diti*+s, t2e Age+/y is +*t able at t2is ti.e t* .*del t2eee/ts * i+ter RV! le-els *+ e2aust e.issi*+s0 T* a-*id .ai+gu+s*u+d *r s3e/ulati-e 3redi/ti*+s, E!A 3r*3*sed a+d is +*3r*.ulgati+g a re5uire.e+t t2at *r 3ur3*ses * e-aluati+g e.issi*+see/ts usi+g t2e /*.3le .*del, t2e RV! * i+ter uels be set at t2esu..er statut*ry baseli+e RV! -alue0 I+ ee/t, t2is re5uire.e+t buildsi+t* t2e .*del t2e assu.3ti*+ t2at t2e RV! le-el * i+ter gas*li+es2as +* ee/t *+ NOJINFK *r e2aust t*i/s e.issi*+s0 As a result,rei+ers ill +*t be re5uired t* alter t2e RV! le-els * i+tergas*li+es0 Rei+ers ill re/ei-e +eit2er be+eit +*r 3e+alty *r/2a+gi+g t2e RV! * t2eir i+ter gas*li+es0 T* e-aluate i+ter uelsusi+g t2e /*.3le .*del, a+ RV! -alue e5ual t* t2at * su..er baseli+egas*li+e &0) 3si; .ust be used i+stead * t2e uel?s a/tual RV!0 8*i+gs* ee/ti-ely re.*-es t2e /*+tributi*+ * RV! t* i+ter e2auste.issi*+s0

B2e+ sui/ie+t data is de-el*3ed *+ t2e e.issi*+s i.3a/t * i+terRV! le-els u+der i+ter a.bie+t /*+diti*+s, E!A ill be able t* re-iset2e /*.3le .*del a//*rdi+gly0 +til t2e+, E!A belie-es it is .*rea33r*3riate t* assu.e t2at RV! le-els 2a-e i+ter e2aust e.issi*+ee/ts t2a+ t* s3e/ulate ab*ut t2e .ag+itude * su/2 i.3a/ts0 I+ its 3ri*r 3r*3*sals, E!A 2ad 3r*3*sed t2at i+ter +*+e2auste.issi*+s, i+/ludi+g i+ter +*+e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s, be /*+sidered7er*0 E!A re/ei-ed a +u.ber * /*..e+ts re5uesti+g t2at b*t2 baseli+ee.issi*+s a+d t2e +*+e2aust t*i/s .*del i+/lude i+ter +*+e2austbe+7e+e e.issi*+s0 T2is re5uest as based *+ t2e belie t2at t2e yearr*u+dbe+7e+e li.its *uld result i+ redu/ed +*+e2aust be+7e+ee.issi*+s i+ t2e i+ter .*+t2s0 E!A 2as e-aluated t2is /lai., tai+gi+t* a//*u+t te.3erature ra+ges a+d t2e ee/ts * i+s3e/ti*+ a+d.ai+te+a+/e 3r*gra.s *+ su/2 e.issi*+s0 E!A a/+*ledges t2e -alidity* t2is /lai., si+/e i+ter +*+e2aust e.issi*+s, i+/ludi+g +*+e2austbe+7e+e e.issi*+s, are liely t* be +*+7er* u+der all i+terte.3erature ra+ges0 I+ t2e 3ast, t2e la/ * sui/ie+t data *++*+e2aust e.issi*+s u+der i+ter te.3erature /*+diti*+s 2as 3re-e+tedE!A r*. de-el*3i+g reliable, a//urate .*dels * i+ter +*+e2auste.issi*+s0 T2e /*..e+ters 3r*-ided a li.ited 5ua+tity * data *+ i+ter+*+e2aust e.issi*+s t* su33*rt t2eir /lai.0 D*e-er, t2e data



sub.itted i+ su33*rt * t2is /lai. ere based *+ .easure.e+ts *+*+e2aust e.issi*+s r*. -e2i/les it2 -ery l* +*+e2aust e.issi*+s0E!A?s a+alysis i+di/ates t2at t2ese -e2i/les are +*t re3rese+tati-e *i+(use -e2i/les0 I+ additi*+, t2e /2e.i/al /*.3*siti*+ * t2e .easured+*+e2aust e.issi*+s ere /2ara/teristi/ * resti+g l*sses l*sses t2at

*//ur due t* 3er.eati*+ t2r*ug2 uel syste. /*.3*+e+ts; rat2er t2a+ *diur+al, 2*t s*a, *r ru++i+g l*ss e.issi*+s0 Resti+g l*sses are +*ti+/luded i+ E!A?s baseli+e e.issi*+ esti.ates, s* E!A d*es +*t /*+siderit a33r*3riate t* i+/lude resti+g l*sses i+ its +*+e2aust e.issi*+.*dels0 Fi+ally, +* data ere sub.itted *+ +*+e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+sr*. ail -e2i/les u+der i+ter /*+diti*+s0 'i+/e +*+e2aust be+7e+ee.issi*+s r*. su/2 -e2i/les ill /*.3rise a sig+ii/a+t 3*rti*+ *i+ter +*+e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s, E!A is /*+/er+ed t2at a .*delbased *+ t2e sub.itted data *uld +*t 3r*-ide a//urate esti.ates *su/2 e.issi*+s0 #i-e+ t2e t2e*reti/al .erits * t2e /lai., 2*e-er, E!Aill /*+sider i+/ludi+g a .*del * i+ter be+7e+e +*+e2aust e.issi*+si+ t2e /*.3le .*del i+ t2e uture 2e+ sui/ie+t data be/*.ea-ailable0

F0 Fu+gibility

E!A 2as l*+g re/*g+i7ed t2e i.3*rta+/e * .ai+tai+i+g a u+gibleuel syste., i+ 2i/2 /*.3lyi+g gas*li+es /a+ be .ied reely it2*utresulti+g i+ .itures t2at d* +*t t2e.sel-es /*.3ly it2 regulat*ryre5uire.e+ts0 Fu+gibility is esse+tial t* s.**t2, /*st(ee/ti-e*3erati*+ * uel distributi*+ syste.s su/2 as 3i3eli+es0 T2e Age+/y2as re/ei-ed +u.er*us /*..e+ts *+ t2e +eed t* .ai+tai+ u+gibility0 Att2e sa.e ti.e, t2e Age+/y /*+siders it esse+tial t2at gas*li+es/ertiied as re*r.ulated .eet all re5uired e.issi*+ 3er*r.a+/e le-elsi+ t2e ield0 I+ /ases 2ere t2e ee/ts * a gi-e+ uel 3ara.eter *+e.issi*+s are +*+(li+ear, it is 3*ssible *r t* /*.3lyi+g uels t*3r*du/e a +*+(/*.3lyi+g uel 2e+ .ied0 T2e /*.3le .*del /*+tai+s a +u.ber * +*+li+ear ter.s, 2i/2i+tr*du/es t2e 3*ssibility t2at gas*li+es 2i/2 /*.3ly it2 t2is rule?sre5uire.e+ts i+ is*lati*+ *uld +*t /*.3ly i .ied it2 *t2er/*.3lyi+g uels0 E!A 2as bee+ /*+/er+ed it2 t2is 3*ssibility a+d 2asu+dertae+ ete+si-e a+alyses t* deter.i+e its lieli2**d a+d t*de-el*3 .et2*ds t* /*3e it2 its *//urre+/e0 E!A?s a+alyses, 2i/2 2a-eutili7ed .et2*ds t2at 2a-e bee+ su33*rted by a +u.ber * *rga+i7ati*+s,i+di/ate t2at t2e /*.3le .*del 3r*.ulgated i+ t*day?s rule ill +*t/reate u+gibility 3r*ble.s des3ite its i+/lusi*+ * +*+li+ear ter.s0T2is a+alysis is e3lai+ed i+ greater detail i+ 'e/ti*+ IV0F * t2eRIA0

#0 Future M*del Re-isi*+s

T2e /*.3le .*del 3r*.ulgated i+ t2is rule.ai+g rele/ts E!A?s



best u+dersta+di+g * t2e relati*+s2i3 betee+ uel /2ara/teristi/s a+d-e2i/le e.issi*+s0 D*e-er, E!A e3e/ts uture resear/2 t* /lariy t2isrelati*+s2i30 E!A als* re/*g+i7es t2at /2a+ges i+ i+(use -e2i/lee.issi*+ /*+tr*l 3r*gra.s e0g0, ILM 3r*gra.s; ill /*+ti+ue t* *//ura+d t2at t2ese /2a+ges .ay alter t2e relati*+s2i3 betee+ uel

/2ara/teristi/s a+d i+(use e.issi*+s0 I+ additi*+, t2e Age+/y is/*+/er+ed t2at aug.e+tati*+s t* t2e .*del t2r*ug2 -e2i/le testi+g'e/ti*+ V; .ay, *-er ti.e, a//u.ulate t* t2e 3*i+t t2at a re-ised/*.3le .*del, i+/*r3*rati+g t2e /urre+t /*.3le .*del database a+d allrele-a+t i+*r.ati*+ gat2ered si+/e t2e+, *uld be be+ei/ial0 Asdis/ussed i+ 'e/ti*+ V, E!A 3la+s t* issue re-ised /*.3le .*dels 2e+t2e Age+/y dee.s t2at sui/ie+t +e i+*r.ati*+ is a-ailable t*arra+t su/2 a/ti*+0 M*del re-isi*+s ill be de-el*3ed t2r*ug2 a *r.alrule.ai+g 3r*/ess0

D0 "*.3le M*del !er*r.a+/e * 'i.3le M*del Fuels

Fuels 5ualiyi+g as re*r.ulated u+der t2e si.3le .*del .ust .eets3e/iied be+7e+e, *yge+, a+d RV! re5uire.e+ts 2ile als* satisyi+gt2e t*i/s 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard0 T2e RV! re5uire.e+t diers betee+VO" /*+tr*l regi*+s, a+d t2e re5uire.e+ts a+d sta+dards als* -aryde3e+di+g *+ 2et2er /*.3lia+/e is bei+g a/2ie-ed *+ a 3er(gall*+ *ra-eragi+g basis0 I+ additi*+, le-els * *t2er uel 3ara.eters are *+lys3e/iied u+der t2e si.3le .*del i+ ter.s * de-iati*+s r*. ea/2rei+er?s baseli+e uel0 E-aluati+g t2e 3er*r.a+/e * si.3le .*deluels u+der t2e /*.3le .*del is dii/ult si+/e uel 3r*3erties /a+-ary idely0

D*e-er, it is 3*ssible t* e-aluate a set * uels t2at arere3rese+tati-e * e3e/ted, ty3i/al si.3le .*del uels0 E!A e3e/ts.*st rei+ers t* 3ursue /*.3lia+/e *+ a-erage *r all *r 3art * t2eir3r*du/t slate; i+ *rder t* .ai.i7e leibility i+ day(t*(day rei+ery*3erati*+s a+d re/*u3 /*.3lia+/e .argi+s0 #i-e+ 3rese+t a+d 3r*e/ted/*+diti*+s, E!A als* e3e/ts t2at MTE a+d et2a+*l ill be t2e .*st/*..*+ly used *yge+ates duri+g !2ase I * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e3r*gra.0 T2e uels s3e/iied i+ Tables IV(4 a+d IV(= bel* i+/ludeuels desig+ed t* .eet t2e re5uire.e+ts * t2e si.3le .*del i+ b*t2 VO"/*+tr*l regi*+s a+d usi+g b*t2 *yge+ates0 T2e le-el * *lei+s,sulur, E@%%, a+d EC%% 2a-e bee+ set t* "lea+ Air A/t baseli+e le-els,2ile t2e le-el * ar*.ati/s 2as bee+ set at t2e le-el +e/essary t*/*.3ly it2 t2e t*i/s re5uire.e+ts * t2e si.3le .*del0 Ar*.ati/sle-els ere assu.ed t* be t2e sa.e *r su..er a+d i+ter uels0

Table IV(40((Ty3i/al 'i.3le M*del Fuels si+g MTE [+der A-eragi+g]



Fuel

1 @ C 4

Fuel 8es/ri3ti*+:

'eas*+00000000 'u..er000000 'u..er000000 Bi+ter000000 Bi+terVO" "*+tr*l 100000000000 @00000000000 100000000000 @Regi*+0Fuel!ara.eter:0

RV!, 3si000000 )01000000000 &0%000000000 NLA000000000 NLAOyge+, t000 @01000000000 @01000000000 @01000000000 @01e+7e+e, -*l0 %09=00000000 %09=00000000 %09=00000000 %09=

Ar*.ati/s, @)0=00000000 @60C00000000 @)0=00000000 @60C-*l0

Olei+s, -*l0 90@000000000 90@000000000 110900000000 1109E@%%, 0000000 410000000000 410000000000 =%0000000000 =%EC%%, 0000000 &C0000000000 &C0000000000 &C0000000000 &C'ulur, 33.000 CC9000000000 CC9000000000 CC&000000000 CC&

Table IV(=0((Ty3i/al 'i.3le M*del Fuels si+g Et2a+*l [+der A-eragi+g]

Fuel

= 6 ) &

Fuel8es/ri3ti*+:



'eas*+00000000 'u..er000000 'u..er000000 Bi+ter000000 Bi+terVO" "*+tr*l 100000000000 @00000000000 100000000000 @Regi*+0

Fuel

!ara.eter:

RV!, 3si000000 )01000000000 &0%000000000 NLA000000000 NLAOyge+, t000 @01000000000 @01000000000 @01000000000 @01e+7e+e, -*l0 %09=00000000 %09=00000000 %09=00000000 %09=

Ar*.ati/s, @=0=00000000 @40C00000000 @=0=00000000 @40C-*l0

Olei+s, -*l0 90@000000000 90@000000000 110900000000 1109E@%%, 0000000 410000000000 410000000000 =%0000000000 41EC%%, 0000000 &C0000000000 &C0000000000 &C0000000000 &C'ulur, 33.000 CC9000000000 CC9000000000 CC&000000000 CC&

T2e 3er*r.a+/e * t2ese uels a//*rdi+g t* t2e /*.3le .*delusi+g t2e MOIE401 baseli+e as 3re-i*usly dis/ussed; is su..ari7ed i+Table IV(60

Table IV(60((!er*r.a+/e * Ty3i/al 'i.3le M*del Fuels +der t2e !2ase I"*.3le M*del [+der A-eragi+g]P1P

E.issi*+ redu/ti*+ -ersus "AA uel 3er/e+t; (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( Fuel N*+e2aust

E2aust VO" VO" T*tal VO" NO JINFKT*i/s

10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 )09@ =104@ C60=) 1046 @)0CC@0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 =0C= @C09C 1)011 10@& @40=)C0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 %0CC NLA %0CC (%0@1 1@0&C40000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 %0&% %0%% %0&% %0%4 1C0&)=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 &064 =104@ C60&@ 109% @=0)%60000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 60%9 @C09C 1)0C& 10)6 @@0=6)0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 C0== NLA C0=6 %0=& 110=@&0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 40%1 NLA 40%1 %0&& 1@04&



P1P!er*r.a+/e * su..er uels s 1, @, =, 6; gi-e+ relati-e t* t2at * "lea+ Air A/tsu..er baseli+e uel0!er*r.a+/e * i+ter uels s C, 4, ), &; gi-e+ relati-e t* t2at * t2e i+ter

baseli+e uel dei+ed i+

'e/ti*+ III0

I0 !2ase I !er*r.a+/e 'ta+dards +der t2e "*.3le M*del

All uels 3r*du/ed duri+g !2ase I * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e3r*gra. .ust .eet t2e VO", t*i/s, a+d NOJINFK re5uire.e+ts * t2e

A/t0 Fuels /ertiied usi+g t2e /*.3le .*del i+ !2ase I .ust s2*eit2er +* i+/rease i+ NOJINFK e.issi*+s r*. baseli+e le-els *+ a 3ergall*+basis as dis/ussed i+ t2e February 199C 3r*3*sal *r a 10=redu/ti*+ r*. baseli+e le-els *+ a-erage as dis/ussed i+ 'e/ti*+ VII0I+ additi*+, as dis/ussed i+ 'e/ti*+ III0E0, su/2 uels .ust result i+eit2er a 1= redu/ti*+ i+ t*tal t*i/s e.issi*+s r*. baseli+e le-els*+ a 3er(gall*+ basis *r a 160= redu/ti*+ i+ t*tal t*i/s e.issi*+sr*. baseli+e le-els *+ a-erage0

Bit2 regard t* t2e VO" sta+dards, E!A /*+siders uels 3r*du/ed t*.eet t2e 3r*-isi*+s * t2e si.3le .*del t* be 3r*du/ible0 T2us, asdis/ussed i+ t2e February 199C 3r*3*sal, E!A belie-es it easible t*base t2e !2ase I sta+dards *r VO" e.issi*+s *+ t2e 3er*r.a+/e *uels t2at .eet t2e 'i.3le M*del re5uire.e+ts, 3r*-ided t2at t2is3er*r.a+/e is .*re stri+ge+t t2a+ .i+i.u. 3er*r.a+/e re5uired by t2e

A/t0 E!A /*+siders t2e uels 2*se VO" 3er*r.a+/es ere e-aluated i+'e/ti*+ IV0D t* be re3rese+tati-e * 'i.3le M*del uels0 +der t2ere*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra., VO" e.issi*+s are /*+tr*lled *+ly duri+gt2e 2ig2 *7*+e seas*+0 F*r t2is reas*+, t2e VO" 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard2as bee+ deter.i+ed by t2e 3er*r.a+/e * t2e !2ase I su..er uels3rese+ted i+ 'e/ti*+ IV0D0 'i+/e t2ese uels a/2ie-e e.iss*+sredu/ti*+s t2at e5ual *r e/eed t2e .i+i.u. re5uire.e+ts set *rt2 i+t2e A/t, t2e VO" 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard duri+g !2ase I *r uels/ertiied u+der t2e /*.3le .*del 2as bee+ based *+ t2e 3er*r.a+/e *t2ese uels0 'etti+g t2e VO" 3er*r.a+/e sta+dards i+ 199&(1999 e5ualt* t2is VO" 3er*r.a+/e le-el, 2i/2 E!A belie-es t* be a reas*+ableesti.ate * t2e a-erage 3er*r.a+/e * uels 3r*du/ed i+ 199=(199),3reser-es t2e i+tegrity * t2e t*(32ase 3r*gra. s3e/iied by "*+gressa+d is /*+siste+t it2 t2e Agree.e+t i+ !ri+/i3le sig+ed i+ 19910 T2e su..er VO" 3er*r.a+/e * >>ty3i/al?? 2ig2 *7*+e seas*+ si.3le.*del re*r.ulated gas*li+es a//*rdi+g t* t2e /*.3le .*del is3rese+ted i+ Table IV(60 I+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ 1, t2e si.3le .*del uelredu/es VO" e.issi*+s by C606 3er/e+t *r t2e MTE(/*+tai+i+g uelFuel 1; a+d C60& 3er/e+t *r t2e et2a+*l(/*+tai+i+g uel Fuel =;0



'i+/e t2e 199& 3er*r.a+/e re5uire.e+ts i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 are t*be based *+ t2e 3er*r.a+/e * ty3i/al si.3le .*del uels, a+d si+/eFuels 1 a+d = b*t2 satisy t2e si.3le .*del re5uire.e+ts a+d are/*+sidered by E!A t* be re3rese+tati-e * ty3i/al si.3le .*del uels,E!A 2as set its 199& 3er*r.a+/e sta+dards i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 s*

as t* 3er.it b*t2 * t2ese uels t* .eet t2e 199& 3er*r.a+/esta+dards0 I+ additi*+, E!A /*+siders Fuel 1 t* be .*re re3rese+tati-e* ty3i/al si.3le .*del uels i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 si+/e MTE d*es+*t b**st uel RV! le-els t* t2e ete+t t2at et2a+*l d*es0 As asdis/ussed i+ t2e A3ril 199@ a+d February 199C 3r*3*sals, E!A belie-est2at 3er(gall*+ 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard s2*uld be set 10= 3er/e+tage3*i+ts bel* t2e a-eragi+g 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard0 De+/e 2ig2 *7*+eseas*+ uels /ertiied usi+g t2e /*.3le .*del duri+g !2ase I * t2ere*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. .ust 3r*-ide a VO" e.issi*+ redu/ti*+r*. baseli+e le-els * C606 3er/e+t 2e+ /*.3lyi+g *+ a-erage a+d C=013er/e+t 2e+ /*.3lyi+g *+ a 3er(gall*+ basis0 'i.ilarly, 2ig2 *7*+eseas*+ uels /ertiied usi+g t2e /*.3le .*del duri+g !2ase I i+ VO""*+tr*l Regi*+ @ .ust 3r*-ide a VO" e.issi*+ redu/ti*+ r*. baseli+ele-els * 1)01 3er/e+t 2e+ /*.3lyi+g *+ a-erage a+d 1=06 3er/e+t 2e+/*.3lyi+g *+ a 3er(gall*+ basis0 T2ese sta+dards are su..ari7ed i+Table IV() *r b*t2 VO" /*+tr*l regi*+s, u+der a-eragi+g a+d 3er(gall*+/*.3lia+/e0 N*te t2at a +egati-e 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard sig+iies aredu/ti*+ r*. baseli+e e.issi*+ le-els0

Table IV()0((Re*r.ulated #as*li+e !er*r.a+/e 'ta+dards Relati-e t* "lea+ Air A/t aseli+e #as*li+e *r 199&(

1999 [!er/e+t]

VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ 1 VO" /*+tr*l regi*+@ E.issi*+ ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( A-erage !er gall*+ A-erage !ergall*+

VO"000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 (C606 (C=01 (1)01 (1=06T*i/s000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 (160= (1=0% (160= (1=0%NOJINFK000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 (10= %0% (10=%0%

I+ su..ary, t2e 3er(gall*+ a+d a-eragi+g VO" 3er*r.a+/e sta+dards



u+der t2e /*.3le .*del duri+g !2ase I is set by t2e 3er*r.a+/e * t2e/*rres3*+di+g si.3le .*del uel 2e+ e-aluated usi+g t2e /*.3le .*del0T2e t*i/s 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard is set at t2e statut*ry re5uire.e+t *a 1= 3er/e+t redu/ti*+ r*. baseli+e le-els *r 3er(gall*+ /*.3lia+/ea+d a 160= 3er/e+t redu/ti*+ *r /*.3lia+/e *+ a-erage0 'i.ilarly, t2e

NOJINFK 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard u+der t2e /*.3le .*del duri+g !2ase I.ust satisy t2e +* NOJINFK i+/rease re5uire.e+t *+ a 3er(gall*+basis, *r .eet a 10= redu/ti*+ *r /*.3lia+/e *+ a-erage0

V0 Aug.e+ti+g t2e M*dels T2r*ug2 Testi+g

8uri+g t2e regulat*ry +eg*tiati*+ 3r*/ess, -e2i/le testi+g a+de.issi*+ .*deli+g 3r*/edures *r /ertiyi+g t2at a gas*li+e /*.3liesit2 t2e NOJINFK, t*i/s, a+d VO" re5uire.e+ts ere dis/ussed0E.issi*+ .*dels su/2 as t2e si.3le .*del des/ribed i+ 'e/ti*+ III a+dt2e /*.3le .*del des/ribed i+ 'e/ti*+ IV *er se-eral ad-a+tages *-ertesti+g t* deter.i+e e.issi*+ ee/ts0 First, .*dels /a+ better rele/ti+(use e.issi*+ ee/ts si+/e t2ey /a+ be based *+ t2e results *.ulti3le test 3r*gra.s0 'e/*+d, i+di-idual test 3r*gra.s .ay bei+te+ti*+ally *r u+i+te+ti*+ally biased due t* -e2i/le sele/ti*+, testdesig+, a+d a+alysis .et2*ds0 T2ird, uel /*.3*siti*+s te+d t* -ary duei+ 3art t* a/t*rs bey*+d t2e /*+tr*l * uel su33liers su/2 as-ariati*+s i+ /rude *il /*.3*siti*+s a+d t2e i+2ere+t -ariability *rei+i+g 3r*/esses0 As a result, it2*ut *+e *r .*re .*deli+g *3ti*+s,ea/2 bat/2 * uel *uld 2a-e t* be tested t* as/ertai+ its e.issi*+3er*r.a+/e0 'u/2 le-els * testi+g are +eit2er desirable be/ause *t2e 3*te+tial *r i+te+ti*+al *r u+i+te+ti*+al bias i+ -e2i/le test3r*gra.s; +*r 3ra/ti/al be/ause * t2e ti.e a+d e3e+se i+-*l-ed i+-e2i/le testi+g;0 F*urt2, .*dels .ae .*re ei/ie+t use * s/ar/e a+de3e+si-e e.issi*+ ee/ts data t2a+ is 3*ssible *t2erise0 F*r t2esereas*+s, E!A belie-es t2at t2e .*deli+g *3ti*+s *utli+ed ab*-e are+e/essary *r t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. t* a/2ie-e itse+-ir*+.e+tal *be/ti-es a+d t* .i+i.i7e t2e /*sts * t2e 3r*gra.0 T2ese e.issi*+ .*dels, 2*e-er, rele/t /urre+tly(a-ailablei+*r.ati*+ a+d 2e+/e d* +*t all* rei+ers t* tae ad-a+tage *e.issi*+ be+eits deri-ed r*. +e uel additi-es *r /2a+ges i+ uel3ara.eters +*t /*+tai+ed i+ t2e .*dels0 T* all* *r uel te/2+*l*gyde-el*3.e+t a+d i++*-ati*+, t2e Age+/y als* belie-es t2at testi+g 2as ar*le i+ /ertii/ati*+ as a .ea+s * su33le.e+ti+g t2e .*dels0 T2isse/ti*+ /*+tai+s a detailed dis/ussi*+ * t2e 3r*-isi*+s E!A is3r*.ulgati+g regardi+g t2e /*+diti*+s u+der 2i/2 testi+g is 3er.itted,t2e .a++er i+ 2i/2 test results /a+ be used t* su33le.e+t t2e .*dels,a+d t2e .i+i.u. re5uire.e+ts *r -e2i/le testi+g 3r*gra.s0 As as irst*utli+ed i+ t2e February 199C N!RM, t2e -e2i/le testi+g 3r*/essdes/ribed i+ t2is se/ti*+ 2as u+derg*+e sig+ii/a+t /2a+ges si+/e itas irst 3r*3*sed i+ t2e A3ril 199@ 'N!RM0 T2ese /2a+ges 2a-e bee+.ade i+ res3*+se t* /2a+ges i+ E!A?s a33r*a/2 t* .*deli+g t2e



relati*+s2i3 betee+ uel 3r*3erties a+d e.issi*+s, as des/ribed i+'e/ti*+ IV, a+d /*..e+ts re/ei-ed i+ res3*+se t* t2e A3ril 199@ a+dFebruary 199C 3r*3*sals0 T2e *ll*i+g dis/ussi*+ addresses t2e .a*rsubsta+ti-e /*..e+ts re/ei-ed by E!A regardi+g /ertii/ati*+ * uelsby -e2i/le testi+g0 A detailed su..ary a+d a+alysis * /*..e+ts /a+ be

*u+d i+ 'e/ti*+ IV0# * t2e RIA0

A0 A33li/ability * Testi+g

Ve2i/le testi+g is t2e 3ri.ary ay t2at t2e ee/ts * -ari*usgas*li+e *r.ulati*+s *+ .*t*r -e2i/le e.issi*+s /a+ be deter.i+ed0 Asdes/ribed ab*-e, data r*. -e2i/le testi+g 3r*gra.s *r.s t2e bul *t2e basis *r t2e si.3le a+d /*.3le .*dels0 E!A belie-es t2at uel /ertii/ati*+ t2r*ug2 si+gle test 3r*gra.sis i+2ere+tly less reliable t2a+ /ertii/ati*+ t2r*ug2 a testi+g(based.*del0 T2e si.3le a+d /*.3le .*dels de-el*3ed by E!A are based *+ aar greater a.*u+t * testi+g t2a+ *uld be a-ailable r*. a+y si+gletest 3r*gra.0 T2ese .*dels i+/*r3*rate a+d bala+/e t2e -aryi+g a+d/*+li/ti+g results * +u.er*us test 3r*gra.s0 T2e statisti/al-ariati*+ ass*/iated it2 a+ i+di-idual test 3r*gra. .ay /ause a uelt* s2* e.issi*+ ee/ts duri+g testi+g t2at *uld +*t *//ur i+(use0T2ere*re, E!A 3r*3*ses t2at testi+g *+ly be 3er.itted t* aug.e+t t2e.*dels *r uel ee/ts t2at are +*t /*-ered i+ t2e .*dels0

0 Aug.e+ti+g t2e 'i.3le M*del

8ue t* t2e belie t2at uels /ertiied by -e2i/le testi+g s2*uld bee-aluated i+ /*+u+/ti*+ it2 t2e .*st /*.3lete e.issi*+ .*dela-ailable t* .*re a//urately deter.i+e t2e e.issi*+ be+eits * t2euels bei+g tested, E!A 3r*3*sed t2at -e2i/le testi+g be 3er.itted t*aug.e+t t2e si.3le .*del *+ly *r t2e ee/t * *yge+ates *+ NOJINFKe.issi*+s bey*+d t2e si.3le .*del?s *yge+ /a3s0 All *t2er testi+g ast* 2a-e bee+ 3er*r.ed t* aug.e+t t2e /*.3le .*del0 ased *+ data/*lle/ted si+/e t2e ti.e * t2e 3r*3*sal *+ t2e ee/t * *yge+ates *+NOJINFK, E!A +* l*+ger belie-es it a33r*3riate t* aug.e+t t2e si.3le.*del e-e+ i+ t2e li.ited .a++er des/ribed ab*-e0 "*+siderably .*redata are a-ailable i+ t2e /*.3le .*del database regardi+g t2e ee/t* *yge+ates *+ NOJINFK e.issi*+s t2a+ *uld be 3r*-ided by a+yi+di-idual test 3r*gra.0 T2ere*re, testi+g /a+ *+ly be 3er*r.ed t*aug.e+t t2e /*.3le .*del0 Fuels it2 *yge+ /*+/e+trati*+s i+ e/ess* @0) eig2t 3er/e+t .ust be /ertiied usi+g t2e /*.3le .*del0

"0 Aug.e+ti+g t2e "*.3le M*del

E!A belie-es t2at t2e *be/ti-e * testi+g u+der t2e /*.3le .*dels2*uld be t* e-aluate t2e e.issi*+ ee/ts * uels 2*se e.issi*+ee/ts /a++*t be ade5uately re3rese+ted by t2e .*del0 'u/2 uels *uld



i+/lude uels /lai.i+g e.issi*+ ee/ts r*. 3ara.eters +*t i+/luded i+t2e /*.3le .*del a+d uels /*+tai+i+g /*.3le .*del 3ara.eters atle-els bey*+d t2e ra+ge /*-ered by t2e .*del0 Bit2*ut t2is /*+strai+t,it .ay be 3*ssible *r a uel 3r*du/er t* use t2e statisti/al -ariati*+ass*/iated it2 testi+g t* /lai. e.issi*+ ee/ts t2r*ug2 testi+g 2i/2

*uld +*t be de.*+strated i+(use, 2e+ tested t* a greater degree, *r2e+ .*deled0 F*r ea.3le, a uel t2at *uld ail t* .eet t2e VO"re5uire.e+t by a s.all .argi+ 2e+ e-aluated u+der t2e /*.3le .*del/*uld be tested a+d s2*+ t* .eet t2e VO" re5uire.e+t due t* t2etesti+g err*r ass*/iated it2 a+y -e2i/le testi+g 3r*gra.0 I+ additi*+,all*i+g testi+g * eisti+g .*deled 3ara.eters esse+tially *uld .aet2e /*.3le .*del, a+d t2e ass*/iated e.issi*+ 3er*r.a+/e sta+dards, aluid target0 Fuel 3r*du/ers *uld l*se t2e /ertai+ty ass*/iated it2 aied .*del a+d t2e /*+ide+/e t2at t2eir /a3ital i+-est.e+ts ill beuseul *r a ied a.*u+t * ti.e0 T2ere*re, -e2i/le testi+g /a+ beused *+ly t* deter.i+e t2e e.issi*+ ee/ts * 3ara.eters +*tade5uately re3rese+ted by t2e /*.3le .*del0 T2e e.issi*+ ee/ts *t2e uel 3ara.eter i+ 5uesti*+ ill be deter.i+ed by /*.bi+i+g t2ee.issi*+ ee/ts deter.i+ed t2r*ug2 -e2i/le testi+g it2 t2e e.issi*+ee/ts 3redi/ted by t2e /*.3le .*del0 Furt2er.*re, ea/2 testi+g3r*gra. /a+ be used t* ide+tiy t2e ee/ts * *+ly *+e +e uel3ara.eter, u+less t2e /2a+ges i+ *t2er uel 3ara.eters are a +aturala+d i+2ere+t /*+se5ue+/e * t2e 3ri.ary uel .*dii/ati*+0 Bit2*ut t2is/*+strai+t, E!A belie-es t2at a//urate deter.i+ati*+ * t2e ee/ts *s3e/ii/ uel 3ara.eters *uld be .*re dii/ult due t* t2e i+2ere+t-ariability i+ testi+g 3r*gra.s a+d t2e i+/reased *33*rtu+ities *rga.i+g0

I+ additi*+, uel su33liers *3ti+g t* aug.e+t t2e /*.3le .*delt2r*ug2 -e2i/le testi+g .ust ea.i+e t2e ete+t t* 2i/2 e.issi*+s areae/ted 2e+ uels /ertiied it2 t2e aug.e+ted /*.3le .*del are.ied it2 *t2er uels0 T2e Age+/y is /*+/er+ed it2 t* 3*te+tial3r*ble.s 2e+ diere+t uels are /*.bi+ed0 First, t2e e.issi*+ ee/ts* a 3ara.eter, as deter.i+ed r*. -e2i/le testi+g, .ay +*t be2a-eli+early as uels it2 *+e le-el * t2e 3ara.eter are .ied it2 uelsit2 diere+t le-els * t2e sa.e 3ara.eter0 T2e degree t* 2i/2 t2is3r*/ess *//urs is reerred t* i+ t2is +*ti/e as t2e 3ara.eter?sdiluti*+ ee/t0 8iluti*+ ee/ts are e-ide+t i+ t2e /*.3le .*del3r*3*sed i+ February 199C a+d i+ t2e .*del bei+g 3r*.ulgated t*day0'e/*+d, t2e e.issi*+ ee/ts * -ari*us uel 3ara.eters .ay be ae/tedby t2e le-el * *t2er uel 3ara.eters0 T2e degree t* 2i/2 t2is 3r*/ess*//urs is reerred t* i+ t2is +*ti/e as a+ i+tera/ti-e ee/t0 I su/2ee/ts are 3rese+t as i+ t2e /*.3le .*del 3r*3*sed i+ February 199Ca+d i+ t2e /*.3le .*del bei+g 3r*.ulgated t*day;, a/tual e.issi*+3er*r.a+/e * t2e uel .iture i+(use /*uld be *rse t2a+ e.issi*+3er*r.a+/e 3redi/ted r*. t2e /*.3le .*del aug.e+ted by -e2i/le



testi+g results0 T2ere*re, t2e testi+g 3r*/ess .ust be stru/tured s*as t* ide+tiy diluti*+ a+d i+tera/ti-e ee/ts0

80 Ad-a+/e A33r*-al * Test !r*gra.s

#i-e+ t2e +u.ber * a/t*rs i+-*l-ed i+ desig+i+g a test 3r*gra.,t2e 3*te+tial *r i+a33r*3riate desig+ is 2ig20 E!A is2es t* a-*idsub.ittal * 3etiti*+s based *+ test data r*. 3**rly desig+ed 3r*gra.si+ *rder t* assure t2at t2e ti.e a+d .*+ey i+-ested i+ su/2 3r*gra.s isell(s3e+t a+d t* assure t2at all aug.e+tati*+s t* t2e .*del are based*+ a//urate data r*. ell(desig+ed test 3r*gra.s0 De+/e E!A illre5uire 3etiti*+ers t* *btai+ ad-a+/e a33r*-al r*. t2e Age+/y *rt2eir 3r*3*sed -e2i/le testi+g 3r*gra.s0 E!A ill /*+sider 3etiti*+s t*aug.e+t t2e .*del *+ly i based *+ t2e results * a33r*-ed testi+g3r*gra.s0 Furt2er.*re, E!A retai+s t2e dis/reti*+ t* e-aluate *t2erdata 2e+ e-aluati+g 3etiti*+s t* aug.e+t t2e /*.3le .*del a+d 2e+deter.i+i+g t2e +ature, ete+t, a+d li.itati*+s * t2e aug.e+tati*+0T2is data .ay i+/lude t2e eisti+g /*.3le .*del database, additi*+al-e2i/le testi+g 3r*gra.s, a+d *t2er aug.e+tati*+ a33li/ati*+s0 !etiti*+ers are re5uired t* i+/lude t2e *ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+ 2e+sub.itti+g a test 3r*gra. 3la+ *r a33r*-al: t2e uel 3ara.eter t* bee-aluated *r e.issi*+ ee/ts t2e +u.ber a+d des/ri3ti*+ * -e2i/lest* be used i+ t2e test, i+/ludi+g .*del year, .*del +a.e, VIN +u.ber,.ileage, e.issi*+ 3er*r.a+/e, te/2+*l*gy ty3e, a+d -e2i/le.a+ua/turer t2e .et2*ds used t* 3r*/ure a+d 3re3are t2e -e2i/les *rtesti+g t2e uels t* be used i+ t2e testi+g 3r*gra., /2ara/teri7ed asdei+ed i+ 'e/ti*+ V0I0= t2e 3*lluta+ts a+d e.issi*+ /ateg*ries t* bee-aluated t2e .et2*ds a+d 3re/auti*+s t* be used t* e+sure t2at t2eee/ts * t2e 3ara.eter i+ 5uesti*+ are i+de3e+de+t * t2e ee/ts **t2er 3ara.eters already i+/luded i+ t2e /*.3le .*del a des/ri3ti*+* t2e 5uality assura+/e 3r*/edures t* be used duri+g t2e test 3r*gra.,a+d t2e ide+tity a+d l*/ati*+ * t2e *rga+i7ati*+ 3er*r.i+g t2etesti+g0 E!A a+ti/i3ates a+d e+/*urages 3etiti*+ers t* sub.it t2ei+*r.ati*+ listed ab*-e i+ stages begi++i+g it2 t2e .*st ge+eral a+de+di+g it2 t2e .*st s3e/ii/ i+ *rder t* strea.li+e t2e a33r*-al3r*/ess a+d eli.i+ate asted e*rt0 E!A ill *r it2 3etiti*+ers t*re.edy u+satisa/t*ry as3e/ts * t2eir 3r*3*sed testi+g 3r*gra.0 T2ese 3r*-isi*+s 3r*-ide t2e Age+/y it2 greater assura+/e t2at3etiti*+ers *uld +*t sele/ti-ely re3*rt test results t* t2e Age+/yt2at su33*rt t2eir 3etiti*+s0 !etiti*+ers *uld still be able t*>>ga.e?? t2e testi+g 3r*/ess by 3re(s/ree+i+g -e2i/les t* *btai+ a testleet it2 t2e desired se+siti-ity t* t2e 3r*3*sed 3ara.eter0 D*e-er,su/2 a test leet *uld 2a-e t* be re(tested as 3art * t2e *r.al test3r*gra. a+d 2e+/e *uld be sube/t t* t2e -ariability i+2ere+t i+-e2i/le testi+g, 2i/2 *uld te+d t* redu/e t2e ga.i+g be+eits r*.3re(s/ree+i+g0 E!A belie-es t2at t2e riss a+d /*sts ass*/iated it2re(testi+g ill te+d t* dissuade 3etiti*+ers r*. atte.3ti+g t*



.a+i3ulate t2e testi+g 3r*/ess i+ t2is .a++er0 E!A urt2er re5uires t2at t2e results * all a33r*-ed testi+g3r*gra.s be sub.itted t* t2e Age+/y, e-e+ i t2e 3ara.eter i+ 5uesti*+3r*-es +*t t* 3r*-ide a+ e.issi*+ be+eit0 T2e Age+/y belie-es t2isre5uire.e+t is +e/essary t* e+sure t2at all a-ailable data is at t2e

Age+/y?s dis3*sal 2e+ e-aluati+g 3r*3*sed aug.e+tati*+s t* t2e /*.3le.*del a+d 2e+ u3dati+g t2e .*del itsel0 E!A d*es +*t i+te+d t* uset2is 3r*-isi*+ t* li.it legiti.ate, i++*-ati-e test 3r*gra.s0 Rat2er,E!A is *+ly i+terested i+ 3re-e+ti+g t2e /reati*+ * artii/ial uel3ara.eters t2at /lai. t* be t2e s*ur/e * e.issi*+ ee/ts 2i/2 are i+reality *+ly +*r.al statisti/al -ariability0 A+ ea.3le .ay 2el3 /lariy t2e 3r*ble.s t2at /a+ arise i testi+gis 3er.itted *r su/2 artii/ial 3ara.eters0 T2e le-el * "1%Qar*.ati/s ar*.ati/s 2*se .*le/ules /*+tai+ te+ *r .*re /arb*+ at*.s;i+lue+/es a uel?s E@%%, EC%%, a+d t*tal ar*.ati/s le-els0 A testi+g3r*gra. t* ide+tiy t2e ee/ts * "1%Q ar*.ati/s .ay i+di/ate t2at a+e.issi*+ ee/t r*. su/2 /*.3*u+ds eists 2e+ t2e ee/t is a/tuallydue t* diere+/es i+ t2e uels? E@%%, EC%%, a+d t*tal ar*.ati/s le-els*r t* t2e i+2ere+t statisti/al -ariability ass*/iated it2 -e2i/letesti+g0 A 3etiti*+ *r a33r*-al * a test 3r*gra. t* ide+tiy t2eee/ts * "1%Q ar*.ati/s *uld be re5uired t* ide+tiy s3e/ii/.easures t* be tae+ t* is*late t2e e.issi*+ ee/ts * "1%Q ar*.ati/sr*. t2*se * E@%%, EC%% a+d t*tal ar*.ati/s, all t2ree * 2i/2 arei+/luded i+ t2e /*.3le .*del0 I+ t2is ea.3le, E!A .ig2t re5uire t2at/ertai+ test uels /*+tai+ ide+ti/al le-els * E@%%, EC%%, a+d t*talar*.ati/s t2at .*re rig*r*us statisti/al tests be used t* ide+tiyge+ui+e "1%Q ar*.ati/s ee/ts bey*+d t2*se already i+/*r3*rated i+ t2e/*.3le .*del *r E@%%, EC%%, a+d t*tal ar*.ati/s t2at t2e uels usedi+ t2e test 3r*gra. .eet .*re detailed /*.3*siti*+al /riteria t* e+suret2eir re3rese+tati-e+ess *r t2at additi*+al -e2i/les a+dL*r uels betested0 T2is 3r*-isi*+ 2el3s assure t2at t2e ee/ts *bser-ed i+-e2i/le testi+g 3r*gra.s are ge+ui+e a+d ill *//ur i+(use0

E0 E/lusi-e Rig2ts t* Aug.e+tati*+

E!A?s A3ril 199@ a+d February 199C 3r*3*sals dis/ussed t2ead-a+tages a+d disad-a+tages * 3r*-idi+g a syste. * e/lusi-e rig2tst* .*del aug.e+tati*+s0 E!A 2as gi-e+ t2is .atter urt2er/*+siderati*+, i+/ludi+g /*+siderati*+ * /*..e+ts regardi+g e/lusi-erig2ts0 T2e Age+/y 2as /*+/luded t2at t2e reas*+s gi-e+ i+ its A3ril199@ 3r*3*sal *r +*t 3r*-idi+g a syste. * e/lusi-e rig2ts are still-alid0 De+/e t2e regulati*+s g*-er+i+g aug.e+tati*+ * t2e /*.3le.*del t2r*ug2 -e2i/le regulati*+ bei+g 3r*.ulgated t*day d* +*t 3r*-ide*r e/lusi-e rig2ts t* aug.e+tati*+s0 Ea/2 aug.e+tati*+ ill bea-ailable t* a+y rei+er desiri+g t* utili7e it, a+d +* restri/ti*+sare 3r*-ided u+der t2is rule.ai+g *r e/lusi-e rig2ts, *t2er t2a+t2*se gra+ted u+der *t2er legal /*de e0g0, 3ate+t la;0 T2e Age+/y



d*es +*t belie-e ade5uate aut2*rity eists t* 3r*.ulgate e/lusi-erig2ts 3r*-isi*+s u+der t2is rule.ai+g0 Furt2er.*re, as dis/ussed i+t2e A3ril 16, 199@ 3r*3*sal, t2ere are a +u.ber * reas*+s r*.e/*+*.i/, ad.i+istrati-e, a+d air 5uality 3ers3e/ti-es t2at .ae *3e+use * .*del aug.e+tati*+s a desirable 3ubli/ 3*li/y0

T* all* i+terested 3arties t* re-ie a+d /*..e+t *+ a .*delaug.e+tati*+, E!A ill 3ublis2 a des/ri3ti*+ * t2e aug.e+tati*+ a+dits su33*rti+g data a+d i+*r.ati*+ *r 3ubli/ /*..e+t 3ri*r t*a33r*-i+g a+ aug.e+tati*+ *r use0 I+ ee3i+g it2 t2e 3r*-isi*+ * t2e

A/t, E!A ill tae i+t* a//*u+t a+y /*..e+ts re/ei-ed, a+d a/t u3*+ a+yre5uest re/ei-ed *r uel /ertii/ati*+ t2r*ug2 .*del aug.e+tati*+it2i+ 1&% days * su/2 a re5uest bei+g /*.3leted0

F0 8urati*+ * Aug.e+tati*+

I+ its A3ril 199@ 3r*3*sal, E!A 3r*3*sed t2at aug.e+tati*+s *uldre.ai+ i+ ee/t u+til t2e +et subse5ue+t /*.3le .*del u3date asissued0 E!A urt2er 3r*3*sed t2at i a+ aug.e+tati*+ 2ad bee+ -alid *rt2ree *r eer years u3*+ i.3le.e+tati*+ * t2e subse5ue+t u3date t*t2e /*.3le .*del, t2e+ rei+ers ere 3er.itted t* /*+ti+ue usi+g t2eaug.e+tati*+ i+ /*+u+/ti*+ it2 t2e 3re-i*us /*.3le .*del *r a+additi*+al le+gt2 * ti.e, sube/t t* /ertai+ restri/ti*+s0 E!A 2asre/ei-ed a +u.ber * /*..e+ts *+ t2is 3r*3*sal0 T*day?s rule i+/ludes aset * li.itati*+s *+ t2e durati*+ * t2e aug.e+tati*+ t2at i+/*r3*rates*.e ele.e+ts * t2ese /*..e+ts0 T2ese li.itati*+s are des/ribed bel*0 T2e Age+/y is /*+/er+ed t2at uel su33liers +*t be all*ed t* /lai.e.issi*+ ee/ts i+ 3er3etuity based *+ t2e testi+g 3r*gra. des/ribedi+ t2is se/ti*+ due t* t2e s.aller degree * statisti/al /*+ide+/e i+su/2 ee/ts /*.3ared t* t2*se i+/luded i+ a+ u3dated /*.3le .*del0T2e Age+/y als* re/*g+i7es t2e +eed *r uel su33liers t* re/*u3i+-est.e+ts .ade t* re*r.ulate gas*li+e, i+/ludi+g i+-est.e+ts t*utili7e t2e e.issi*+ ee/ts ide+tiied t2r*ug2 -e2i/le testi+g0T2ere*re, 3etiti*+ers ill be 3er.itted t* use e.issi*+ ee/tsdeter.i+ed t2r*ug2 -e2i/le testi+g *+ly *r a li.ited 3eri*d * ti.e0I+ ge+eral, t2is 3eri*d * ti.e ete+ds u+til a+ u3dated -ersi*+ * t2e/*.3le .*del taes ee/t0 3dates t* t2e /*.3le .*del ill be issuedby E!A t2r*ug2 a *r.al rule.ai+g 3r*/ess at su/2 ti.e t2at t2e Age+/ydeter.i+es t2at sui/ie+t additi*+al data 2as be/*.e a-ailable t*arra+t issui+g su/2 a+ u3date0 'i+/e s*.e aug.e+tati*+s .ay be i+3la/e *r a relati-ely s2*rt 3eri*d * ti.e be*re t2e .*del isu3dated, t2e Age+/y .ay +*t be able t* ade5uately assess t2eaug.e+tati*+0 D*e-er, i a 3r*3*sed u3date t* t2e /*.3le .*del isissued it2i+ t2ree years * t2e ti.e at 2i/2 t2e aug.e+tati*+ taesee/t, t2e+ uel su33liers .ay be 3er.itted t* /*+ti+ue usi+g t2eaug.e+tati*+ t* deter.i+e t2e e.issi*+ ee/ts * re*r.ulatedgas*li+es0 '3e/ii/ally, i t2e Age+/y d*es +*t *r.ally a//e3t,ree/t, *r .*diy t2e aug.e+tati*+ i+ 5uesti*+ *r i+/lusi*+ i+ t2e



u3dated /*.3le .*del, t2e+ t2e aug.e+tati*+ ill re.ai+ a-ailableu+til t2e +et u3date t* t2e .*del taes ee/t0 I t2e Age+/y re-iest2e aug.e+tati*+ a+d eit2er e/ludes t2e aug.e+tati*+ e+tirely *ri+/ludes t2e aug.e+tati*+ i+ a .*diied *r., t2e+ t2e aug.e+tati*+ill re.ai+ a-ailable *r use i+ its *rigi+al *r., i+ /*+u+/ti*+ it2

t2e /*.3le .*del *r 2i/2 t2e aug.e+tati*+ as issued, t* t2*se uel3r*du/ers 2* /a+ de.*+strate t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r?s satisa/ti*+ t2att2ey 2a-e begu+ 3r*du/i+g uels t2at are /ertiied usi+g t2eaug.e+tati*+0 I+ su/2 /ases, t2e aug.e+tati*+ .ay /*+ti+ue t* be used*r i-e years r*. t2e date t2e aug.e+tati*+ t** ee/t *r *r t2reeyears * uel 3r*du/ti*+, 2i/2e-er is s2*rter0 F*r t2e reas*+s dis/ussed ab*-e, aug.e+tati*+s t* t2e .*del *r t2eee/ts * a gi-e+ 3ara.eter *-er a 3arti/ular ra+ge are 3er.itted *+ly*+/e0 Regardless * 2et2er t2e e.issi*+ ee/ts * a 3ara.eter arei+/luded i+ a+ u3dated .*del, t2e aug.e+tati*+ /a+ +eit2er be used +*rre+eed e-e+ it2 data r*. a se/*+d ide+ti/al test 3r*gra.; *+/e t2e.ai.u. ti.e 3eri*d *r use * a .*del aug.e+ted it2 t2e ee/ts *t2at 3ara.eter 2as e3ired0 Furt2er testi+g is 3er.itted, 2*e-er, t*3r*-ide E!A it2 t2e additi*+al data +eeded t* i+/lude t2e ee/t i+ auture u3date t* t2e .*del0

#0 i.its *+ t2e Ra+ge * a+ Aug.e+tati*+

Fuel su33liers ill be 3er.itted t* /lai. t2e e.issi*+ ee/ts *aug.e+tati*+s *+ly t* t2e ete+t t2at t2e test 3r*gra. .easured t2eee/ts * t2e uel 3ara.eter i+ 5uesti*+ *-er t2e ra+ge i+ 5uesti*+0I t2e 3ara.eter is i+/luded i+ t2e /*.3le .*del, t2e+ t2eaug.e+tati*+ ill be -alid *r uels /*+tai+i+g le-els * t2e 3ara.eterbetee+ t2e le-el tested i+ t2e test 3r*gra. a+d t2e +earest li.it *t2e /*.3le .*del as des/ribed i+ 'e/ti*+ IV;0 I t2e 3ara.eter is +*ti+/luded i+ t2e /*.3le .*del, t2e+ t2e aug.e+tati*+ ill be -alid *ruels /*+tai+i+g le-els * t2e 3ara.eter betee+ t2e /a+didate a+dbaseli+e le-els i0e0, t2e le-els *u+d i+ Additi*+ Fuels 1 a+d C i+Table V01;0 T2is 3r*-isi*+ is i+te+ded t* be /*+siste+t it2 t2e li.its*+ t2e a33li/ati*+ * t2e si.3le a+d /*.3le .*dels as e3ressed i+'e/ti*+s III a+d IV0

D0 E!A A33r*-al, "*+ir.at*ry Testi+g, a+d Fees

I+ t2e 3r*/ess * re-iei+g a .*del aug.e+tati*+, E!A .ust /*+ir.t2e a//ura/y * t2e test results0 T* t2is e+d, E!A i+te+ds t* .*+it*rt2e 3etiti*+er?s test 3r*gra.0 T2e Age+/y als* reser-es t2e rig2t t*3er*r. /*+ir.at*ry testi+g t* assure t2e -alidity * t2e test resultsa+d t2e e.issi*+ 3er*r.a+/e * t2e re*r.ulated uel be*re all*i+gaug.e+tati*+ * t2e .*del0 E!A urt2er reser-es t2e rig2t t* /*lle/tees a+y laul * a+ a.*u+t sui/ie+t t* re/*u3 all /*sts ass*/iatedit2 su/2 /*+ir.at*ry testi+g0 E!A a+ti/i3ates t2at i a+y



/*+ir.at*ry testi+g is 3er*r.ed t2at it ill be * a li.ited +aturea+d */used *+ly *+ t2*se as3e/ts * t2e test 3r*gra. 2i/2 areu+e3e/ted *r /*+trary t* 3ri*r test 3r*gra.s a+d e+gi+eeri+g+*ledge0 'i+/e E!A 2as +*t 3r*3*sed .et2*ds t* be used t* /al/ulatea+d /*lle/t su/2 ees, t2ese 3r*-isi*+s ill be 2a+dled t2r*ug2 a

subse5ue+t rule.ai+g0

I0 Test Re5uire.e+ts

10 Bi+ter Testi+g@0 T* be /ertiied as re*r.ulated, a gas*li+e .ust .eet t2e airC0 t*i/s a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+ re5uire.e+ts year(r*u+d t2e *yge+,40 be+7e+e, a+d 2ea-y .etal /*+te+t re5uire.e+ts year(r*u+d, a+d t2e VO"=0 e.issi*+ re5uire.e+ts i+ t2e 2ig2 *7*+e seas*+0 As dis/ussed i+ 'e/ti*+60 IV * t2is +*ti/e a+d 'e/ti*+s III a+d IV * t2e RIA, t2e Age+/y d*es)0 +*t 2a-e sui/ie+t data t* .*del i+ter e2aust e.issi*+s0 B2ile&0 diere+/es betee+ t2e ee/ts * uel 3ara.eters u+der su..er a+d90 i+ter /*+diti*+s bey*+d t2*se dis/ussed i+ 'e/ti*+ IV .ay eist, t2e1%0Age+/y d*es +*t 2a-e a+y e-ide+/e t* date t* suggest t2at t2ey are110 sig+ii/a+t0 T2ere*re, E!A ill a33ly t2e e2aust .*dels de-el*3ed *[email protected] e.issi*+s t* i+ter uels as ell *r 3ur3*ses * deter.i+i+g1C0t2eir air t*i/s a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s0 T2e Age+/y is /*+/er+ed t2at140all*i+g i+ter testi+g *r s*.e uel 3ara.eters 2ile .*deli+g t2e1=0ee/ts * *t2er 3ara.eters based *+ su..er e.issi*+ data /reates t2e1603*ssibility * >>ga.i+g?? t2e testi+g 3r*/ess0 Fuel su33liers /*uld use1)0t2e su..er .*del t* deter.i+e t2e ee/ts * 3ara.eters t2at *uld1&0be2a-e u+a-*rably u+der i+ter /*+diti*+s a+d use i+ter testi+g t*190deter.i+e t2e ee/ts * 3ara.eters t2at *uld be2a-e a-*rably u+der@%0i+ter /*+diti*+s0 T2is 3*ssibility .ay result i+ uels bei+g /ertiied@10*r i+ter use t2r*ug2 a /*.bi+ati*+ * i+ter testi+g a+d su..er@@0.*deli+g; t2at result i+ s.aller e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s i+(use t2a+ are@C0i+te+ded by t2e A/t *r t2a+ *uld *//ur by usi+g t2e su..er .*del0@40T2ere*re, E!A is at t2is ti.e re5uiri+g t2at all testi+g be 3er*r.ed@=0u+der su..er a.bie+t /*+diti*+s0 As t2e Age+/y gat2ers additi*+al data@60i+ t2e uture it2 2i/2 t* re-ise t2e .*del, E!A ill /*+sider 2et2er@)0sui/ie+t i+ter test data eists t* 3er.it t2e de-el*3.e+t * i+ter@&0NOJINFK a+d air t*i/s .*dels0 I su/2 .*dels /a+ be de-el*3ed, t2e@90Age+/y ill /*+sider 2et2er t* all* i+ter testi+g0C%0C10 !*lluta+ts t* be MeasuredC@0 T* t2e ete+t testi+g is 3er*r.ed t* aug.e+t t2e /*.3le .*del, itCC0.ust be 3er*r.ed t* deter.i+e t2e e.issi*+ ee/ts *+ all t2eC403*lluta+ts /*-ered by t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e /ertii/ati*+C=0re5uire.e+ts, i+/ludi+g t*i/s /arb*+ .*+*ide a+d /arb*+ di*ideC60e.issi*+s .ust als* be .easured t* 3er.it -alidati*+ * test results;0C)0Failure t* 2a-e su/2 a re5uire.e+t .ig2t result i+ i.3*rta+t e.issi*+C&0ee/ts bei+g *-erl**ed a+d /*uld all* uel 3r*du/ers t* >>ga.e?? t2e



C90/ertii/ati*+ re5uire.e+ts by 3er.itti+g t2e. t* utili7e t2e .*deli+g4%0*3ti*+ *r *+e 3*lluta+t a+d t2e test results *r a+*t2er 3*lluta+t4102e+ it *uld be ad-a+tage*us0 T2e resulti+g /ertiied re*r.ulated4@0gas*li+es .ay +*t .eet all * t2e a33li/able e.issi*+ redu/ti*+4C0re5uire.e+ts i+(use0 F*r ea.3le, t2e .*del aug.e+ted by test results

440.ay i+di/ate t2at a uel .eets t2e VO" re5uire.e+t but ails t2e t*i/s4=0re5uire.e+t, 2ile t2e .*del al*+e .ay i+di/ate t2at t2e uel .eets t2e460t*i/s re5uire.e+t but ails t2e VO" re5uire.e+t0 All*i+g t2e4)03etiti*+er t* /lai. t2e t*i/s e.issi*+ ee/ts 3redi/ted by t2e .*del4&02ile /lai.i+g VO" be+eits deter.i+ed t2r*ug2 testi+g *uld ig+*re490uel ee/ts *+ t*i/s t2at .ay +*t be addressed by t2e .*del0=%0 Testi+g /*sts *uld be sig+ii/a+tly redu/ed i *+ly VO" a+d=10NOJINFK e.issi*+s ere .easured by testi+g, a+d t*i/s e.issi*+s ere=@0all*ed t* be .*deled0 D*e-er, si+/e t2e testi+g *3ti*+ /a+ *+ly be=C0used 2e+ t2e /a+didate uel?s 3ara.eters all *utside * t2e ra+ge *=40t2e .*del, E!A belie-es t2at ade5uate i+*r.ati*+ seld*. *uld be==0a-ailable t* all* t*i/s e.issi*+s r*. su/2 uels t* be .*deled=60ade5uately i ade5uate i+*r.ati*+ *+ VO" a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s ere=)0+*t a-ailable0 I a uel 3ara.eter is e3e/ted t* ae/t VO" *r=&0NOJINFK a+d is +*t /*-ered by t2e .*del, t*i/s e.issi*+s .ay -ery=90ell be ae/ted a+d s2*uld be .easured06%0 It s2*uld be +*ted, 2*e-er, .easure.e+t * t*i/s e.issi*+s *r610t2e uels used t* deter.i+e i+tera/ti-e ee/ts dis/ussed bel* i+6@0se/ti*+ IV0I040; +eed +*t be 3er*r.ed0 8uri+g de-el*3.e+t * t2e6C0/*.3le .*del, E!A *u+d t2at i+tera/ti-e ee/ts *r air t*i/s are640eit2er statisti/ally i+sig+ii/a+t, i.3*ssible t* dis/er+ gi-e+ t2e6=0a//ura/y a+d ete+t * a-ailable data, *r t** s.all t* /*+tribute660substa+tially t* t2e .*del?s e3la+at*ry a+d 3redi/ti-e 3*er0 T2e6)0/*.3le .*del bei+g 3r*.ulgated t*day /*+tai+s +* i+tera/ti-e ter.s *r6&0air t*i/s e.issi*+s *r t2ese reas*+s, a+d 2e+/e E!A /*+siders it690u++e/essary t* re5uire testi+g *r i+tera/ti-e ee/ts *+ air t*i/s0)%0'3e/ii/ally, t*i/s e.issi*+s +eed +*t be .easured 2e+ testi+g)10additi*+al Ete+si*+ Fuels t* deter.i+e i+tera/ti-e ee/ts *r 2e+)@0 testi+g Additi*+ Fuels 4, =, 6, a+d ), as des/ribed i+ 'e/ti*+ V0I0=0)C0D*e-er, E!A reser-es t2e rig2t t* re5uire t2at t*i/s be .easured)40duri+g -e2i/le testi+g 3r*gra.s 2e+ e-ide+/e eists t2at ad-erse)=0 i+tera/ti-e ee/ts .ay eist *r t*i/s0 I+ 3arti/ular, E!A reser-es)60t2e rig2t t* re5uire testi+g *r i+tera/ti-e t*i/s ee/ts i uture))0re-isi*+s t* t2e /*.3le .*del i+/lude su/2 ee/ts0)&0 T* better *3ti.i7e t2e test 3r*gra. *r t2e 3arti/ular uel)903ara.eter bei+g e-aluated, t2e Ad.i+istrat*r .ay a33r*-e a re5uest t*&%0ai-e /ertai+ 3*lluta+t .easure.e+t re5uire.e+ts /*+tai+ed i+ t2is&10se/ti*+0 A+y su/2 ai-er *uld 2a-e t* be *btai+ed i+ ad-a+/e *&@0-e2i/le testi+g0 A re5uest *r su/2 a ai-er .ust i+/lude a+ ade5uate&C0ustii/ati*+ *r t2e re5uested /2a+ge, i+/ludi+g t2e rati*+ale *r t2e&40re5uest a+d su33*rti+g data a+d i+*r.ati*+0 'u/2 a re5uest .ust&=0ustiy t2e reas*+ t2at .easure.e+t * /ertai+ 3*lluta+ts /learly is



&60+*t +e/essary, a+d ide+tiy t2*se 3*lluta+ts *r 2i/2 additi*+al&)0testi+g .ay be arra+ted0 F*r ea.3le, a 3etiti*+ .ig2t +*te t2at&&0redu/i+g t2e /*+/e+trati*+ * a s3e/ii/ 2ig2 .*le/ular eig2t ar*.ati/&90de/reased VO" e.issi*+s e-e+ t2*ug2 t2e *-erall /*+/e+trati*+ *9%0si.ilar ar*.ati/s re.ai+ed u+/2a+ged0 T2e 3etiti*+er .ay be able t*

910ustiy a redu/ed +eed *r t*i/s .easure.e+t based *+ t2e results *9@0*t2er studies 2i/2 s2* t2at t*i/s are 3r*3*rti*+al t* t*tal9C0ar*.ati/s rat2er t2a+ t* i+di-idual ar*.ati/s s3e/ies0 I+ e/2a+ge,940additi*+al testi+g .ay be ustiied *r VO" e.issi*+s t* e+able a9=0greater degree * statisti/al /*+ide+/e i+ t2e test results0 As a960 result, t2e uel su33lier .ay be able t* 3rese+t E!A it2 sui/ie+t9)0ustii/ati*+ t* arra+t i+/reased testi+g *r VO" e.issi*+s a+d9&0de/reased testi+g *r t*i/s e.issi*+s09901%%0 E2aust a+d N*+e2aust Testi+g1%10 VO" a+d air t*i/s e.issi*+s *//ur i+ b*t2 e2aust a+d +*+e2aust1%@0 e.issi*+s0 D*e-er, E!A belie-es t2at t2e relati*+s2i3 betee+ uel1%C0 /2ara/teristi/s a+d +*+e2aust e.issi*+s is +*+ it2 greater1%40 /ertai+ty a+d 3re/isi*+ t2a+ t2e relati*+s2i3 betee+ uel1%=0 /2ara/teristi/s a+d e2aust e.issi*+s0 N*+e2aust e.issi*+s are a .u/21%60 si.3ler 32e+*.e+*+ t* .*del t2a+ e2aust e.issi*+s0 N*+e2aust1%)0 e.issi*+s are dri-e+ 3ri.arily by ell(u+derst**d 3ri+/i3les *1%&0 32ysi/al /2e.istry a+d are .*diied by de-i/es su/2 as /2ar/*al1%90 /a+isters t2at are relati-ely easily .*deled0 E2aust e.issi*+s, by11%0 /*+trast, i+-*l-e /*.busti*+ a+d /atalysis rea/ti*+s t2at are +*t as1110 ell u+derst**d t2e*reti/ally a+d are .u/2 .*re dii/ult t* .*del0 I+11@0 additi*+, e2aust e.issi*+s are esti.ated dire/tly r*. t2e Federal11C0 Test !r*/edure FT!; utili7i+g t2e rba+ 8y+a.*.eter 8ri-i+g '/2edule,1140 2ile +*+e2aust e.issi*+s are esti.ated r*. b*t2 FT! a+d +*+(FT!

test11=0 /y/les i+ a /*.3le 3r*/ess0 Fi+ally, data *+ +*+e2aust e.issi*+s is1160 .u/2 .*re ete+si-e a+d i+ter+ally /*+siste+t t2a+ data *r e2aust11)0 e.issi*+s0 F*r t2ese reas*+s, E!A is restri/ti+g testi+g t* aug.e+t t2e11&0 .*del t* e2aust e.issi*+ testi+g0 Ve2i/le testi+g * +*+e2aust1190 e.issi*+s ill +*t be a//e3ted by E!A as t2e basis *r aug.e+tati*+s t*1@%0 t2e +*+e2aust e.issi*+ .*del 3r*.ulgated i+ t*day?s rule.ai+g01@10 E!A reser-es t2e rig2t t* re-ise t2e +*+e2aust e.issi*+ .*del i+1@@0 t2e uture t* rele/t +e data a/5uired by t2e Age+/y, it2 su/21@C0 re-isi*+s tai+g ee/t ater t2e start * !2ase II * t2e 3r*gra.0 I+1@40 3arti/ular, eit2er a +e MOIE .*del *r *+g*i+g resear/2 ai.ed at1@=0 .*deli+g +*+e2aust e.issi*+s as a u+/ti*+ * true -a3*r 3ressure *-er1@60 a ra+ge * te.3eratures .ay 3r*-ide t2e basis *r a re-ised +*+e2aust1@)0 .*del0 T2e +*+e2aust /*.3le .*del bei+g 3r*.ulgated t*day relies *+1@&0 t2e Reid -a3*r 3ressure RV!; t* /2ara/teri7e uels? +*+e2aust1@90 e.issi*+ /2ara/teristi/s0 D*e-er, RV! is .easured at a ied uel1C%0 te.3erature 1%% deg0F;, 2ile +*+e2aust e.issi*+s *//ur *-er a ide1C10 ra+ge * uel te.3eratures &% deg0F t* 1C% deg0F;0 'i+/e diere+t



1C@0 *yge+ates alter t2e relati*+s2i3 betee+ RV! a+d true -a3*r 3ressure1CC0 at a gi-e+ te.3erature t* diere+t ete+ts, E!A belie-es t2at a .*del1C40 based *+ true -a3*r 3ressure *uld be .*re a//urate *r uels1C=0 /*+tai+i+g *yge+ates t2a+ a .*del based s*lely *+ RV!01C60 y 3er.itti+g +*+e2aust e.issi*+s r*. a gi-e+ uel t* be

1C)0 esti.ated *+ly r*. .*dels a+d e2aust e.issi*+s t* be esti.ated based1C&0 i+ 3art *+ -e2i/le testi+g, E!A belie-es t2at t2e a//ura/y * uel1C90 e.issi*+ esti.ates ill be e+2a+/ed0 E!A als* belie-es t2at t2is14%0 restri/ti*+ ill */us testi+g res*ur/es *+ t2*se e.issi*+ ee/ts1410 2i/2 t2e .*del 3redi/ts it2 t2e least degree * /ertai+ty i0e0,14@0 e2aust e.issi*+s;, t2ereby i.3r*-i+g t2e degree * /ertai+ty *14C0 e.issi*+ 3redi/ti*+s *-er t2e l*+g ru+0144014=0 Eligibility * Fuel !r*3erties *r Testi+g1460 I+ 3r*-idi+g *r aug.e+tati*+ * t2e /*.3le .*del t2r*ug2 -e2i/le14)0 testi+g, E!A?s i+te+t is t* 3r*-ide rei+ers it2 t2e ability t* tae14&0 ad-a+tage * +e *r *+g*i+g resear/2 i+t* t2e relati*+s2i3 betee+ uel1490 3r*3erties a+d e2aust e.issi*+s0 As dis/ussed else2ere i+ t2is1=%0 se/ti*+, 2*e-er, t2e Age+/y belie-es t2at t2e /*.3le .*del is .*re1=10 a//urate a+d reliable t2a+ a+y si+gle test 3r*gra. *r t2e 3ara.eters1=@0 i+/luded i+ t2e .*del01=C0

1=40 T2ere*re, aug.e+tati*+ by testi+g ill be 3er.itted *+ly *r1==0 /ertai+ uel 3ara.eters a+d *r /ertai+ le-els * t2*se 3ara.eters01=60 Aug.e+tati*+s ill +*t be 3er.itted *r uel 3ara.eters t2at are1=)0 i+/luded a+d 5ua+tiied i+ t2e /*.3le .*del database, regardless *1=&0 2et2er t2ey a33ear i+ t2e /*.3le .*del itsel0 'u/2 3ara.eters ere1=90 eit2er +*t ide+tiied *r ide+tiied a+d later ree/ted duri+g t2e16%0 rule.ai+g 3r*/ess, 2i/2 i+/luded a series * regulat*ry +eg*tiati*+1610 .eeti+gs, 3ubli/ *rs2*3s, a+d 3ubli/ .eeti+gs0 E!A belie-es t2at t2e16@0 *33*rtu+ities *r err*r ar e/eed t2e 3*te+tial e.issi*+ be+eits r*.16C0 all*i+g .*del aug.e+tati*+s usi+g 3ara.eters t2at did +*t sur-i-e t2e1640 3eer re-ie 3r*/ess016=0

1660 Aug.e+tati*+ t2r*ug2 -e2i/le testi+g ill be 3er.itted t* ete+d16)0 t2e -alid ra+ge * t2e /*.3le .*del *r 3ara.eters already i+/luded i+16&0 t2e .*del0 T2e 3ur3*se * su/2 testi+g *uld be t* deter.i+e t2e1690 be2a-i*r * t2e 3ara.eter it2i+ t2is ete+ded ra+ge0 Aug.e+tati*+s1)%0 als* ill be 3er.itted *r 3ara.eters t2at +eit2er 2a-e bee+ i+/luded1)10 i+ t*day?s /*.3le .*del +*r ere .easured *r t2e uels /*+tai+ed i+1)@0 t2e /*.3le .*del database0 T2e 3ur3*se * testi+g i+ t2is /ase *uld1)C0 be t* deter.i+e t2e be2a-i*r * +e 3ara.eters, i+/ludi+g a+y diluti*+1)40 a+d i+tera/ti-e ee/ts0 T2e test re5uire.e+ts dier *r t2ese t*1)=0 /ases t* rele/t diere+/es i+ eisti+g +*ledge a+d e+-ir*+.e+tal1)60 ris0



1))0

1)&01)90 Test Fuels1&%0 T2e Age+/y 2as t2ree .a*r g*als t2at .ust be satisied be*re

1&10 a//e3ti+g a+ aug.e+tati*+ t* t2e /*.3le .*del0 First, t2e aug.e+tati*+1&@0 .ust 3r*-ide 3r*3er /redit *r uel .*dii/ati*+s0 'e/*+d, t2e1&C0 aug.e+tati*+ .ust a//*u+t *r diluti*+ ee/ts 3r*3erly0 T2ird, t2e1&40 aug.e+tati*+ .ust a//*u+t *r i+tera/ti-e ee/ts betee+ t2e 3ara.eter1&=0 bei+g tested a+d *t2er uel 3ara.eters 3r*3erly0 E!A belie-es t2at1&60 t2ese t2ree g*als /a++*t be .et it2*ut s3e/iyi+g at least s*.e * t2e1&)0 /2ara/teristi/s * uels t* be i+/luded i+ a test 3r*gra.0 T2e1&&0 re.ai+der * t2is se/ti*+ des/ribes t2e basi/ /2ara/teristi/s * t2e1&90 uels re5uired as 3art * a -e2i/le test 3r*gra.019%0 a0 Fuels re5uired t* ete+d t2e ra+ge * eisti+g /*.3le .*del1910 3ara.eters0 T2ree >>ete+si*+ uels?? .ust be i+/luded i+ test 3r*gra.s19@0 i+te+ded t* ete+d t2e ra+ge * t2e /*.3le .*del *r a gi-e+ 3ara.eter19C0 t* a .*re etre.e le-el0 Ete+si*+ uel 1 *uld /*+tai+ t2e .*re1940 etre.e le-el * t2e 3ara.eter bei+g ete+ded i+ *rder t* deter.i+e t2e19=0 3ara.eter?s ee/ts *+ e.issi*+s at t2is .*re etre.e le-el0 Ete+si*+1960 uel @ *uld /*+tai+ t2e 3ara.eter bei+g ete+ded at le-els at *r +ear19)0 its /urre+t l*er li.it i+ t2e .*del0 Ete+si*+ uel C *uld /*+tai+19&0 t2e 3ara.eter bei+g ete+ded at le-els at *r +ear its /urre+t u33er1990 li.it i+ t2e .*del0 T2ese latter t* uels are +e/essary i+ *rder t*@%%0 esti.ate t2e si7e a+d sig+ii/a+/e * s5uared ter.s i+-*l-i+g t2e@%10 3ara.eter bei+g ete+ded0 F*r all t2ree uels, t2e le-els * *t2er@%@0 /*.3le .*del 3ara.eters are t* be set at t2e le-els s3e/iied i+ Table@%C0 V0@, 2i/2 t2e Age+/y belie-es are re3rese+tati-e * le-els t2at ill@%40 be *u+d i+ ty3i/al re*r.ulated uels0 I+ additi*+, all t2ree uels@%=0 .ust be ble+ded r*. re3rese+tati-e rei+ery strea.s t* t2e ete+t@%60 3ra/ti/able0 T2e t2ree ete+si*+ uels .ust .eet t2e re5uire.e+ts@%)0 3rese+ted i+ Tables V01 a+d V0@ t* it2i+ t2e ble+di+g t*lera+/es@%&0 s3e/iied i+ Table V040@%90

@1%0 I t2e "*.3le M*del /*+tai+s i+tera/ti-e ee/ts betee+ t2e@110 3ara.eter i+ 5uesti*+ a+d *t2er 3ara.eters, t* additi*+al uels .ust@1@0 be tested t* 5ua+tiy t2e .ag+itude * a+y su/2 ee/t at ete+ded@1C0 le-els * t2e 3ara.eter i+ 5uesti*+0 F*r ea/2 i+tera/ti+g 3ara.eter,@140 t2e t* additi*+al uels *uld /*+tai+ t2e 3ara.eter bei+g tested at@1=0 le-els ide+ti/al t* t2at *u+d i+ Ete+si*+ Fuel 10 T2e i+tera/ti+g@160 3ara.eter *uld be 3rese+t at t2e le-els s3e/iied i+ Table V01 *r@1)0 Ete+si*+ Fuels @ a+d C, res3e/ti-ely, i+ t2e t* additi*+al uels i+@1&0 *rder t* 5ua+tiy t2e si7e * t2e i+tera/ti-e ee/t *-er its ull@190 ra+ge0 Ot2er 3ara.eters *uld be set at t2e le-els s3e/iied i+ Table@@%0 V0@0 It s2*uld be +*ted t2at si+/e t*day?s /*.3le .*del i+/ludes *+ly@@10 *+e i+tera/ti-e ter. i+-*l-i+g ar*.ati/s a+d EC%%;, t2is situati*+



@@@0 *uld arise relati-ely i+re5ue+tly0@@C0

Table V010((e-el * Eisti+g "*.3le M*del !ara.eters ei+g Ete+ded

Ete+si*+ Ete+si*+ Ete+si*+

Fuel 3r*3erty bei+g ete+ded uel uel @ uel C

'ulur, 33.000000000000000000000000 Ete+si*+ &% 4=%e-el0

e+7e+e, -*l0000000000000000000000 Ete+si*+ %0= 10=

e-el0

RV!, 3si000000000000000000000000000 Ete+si*+ 60) &0% e-el0

E@%%, 0000000000000000000000000000 Ete+si*+ C& 61e-el0

EC%%, 0000000000000000000000000000 Ete+si*+ )& 9@e-el0

Ar*.ati/s, -*l00000000000000000000 Ete+si*+ @% 4=e-el0

Olei+s, -*l0000000000000000000000 Ete+si*+ C0% 1&e-el0

Oyge+, t000000000000000000000000 Ete+si*+ 10) @0) e-el0

!tane" R#M$%...................... 87.&......... 87.& 87.&

Table V0@0((e-els *r Fuel !ara.eters Ot2er T2a+ T2*se ei+g Ete+ded


Fuel 3r*3erty uel 1 uel @ uel C



'ulur, 33.0000000000000000000000000000 1=% 1=% 1=%e+7e+e, -*l00000000000000000000000000 10% 10% 10%RV!, 3si0000000000000000000000000000000 )0= )0= )0=

E@%%, 00000000000000000000000000000000 =% =% =%EC%%, 00000000000000000000000000000000 &= &= &= Ar*.ati/s, -*l000000000000000000000000 @= @= @=Olei+s, -*l00000000000000000000000000 90% 90% 90%Oyge+, t0000000000000000000000000000 @0% @0% @0%

!tane" R#M$%................. 87.& 87.& 87.&

b0 Fuels re5uired t* 5ualiy +e /*.3le .*del uel 3ara.eters0

'e-e+ >>additi*+ uels?? .ust be i+/luded i+ test 3r*gra.s i+te+ded t*aug.e+t t2e /*.3le .*del it2 uel 3ara.eters +*t i+/luded i+ t2e.*del0 T2ese uels are i+te+ded t* 3r*-ide t2e data +e/essary t*esti.ate li+ear, s5uared, a+d i+tera/ti-e e.issi*+ ee/ts *r t2e3ara.eter bei+g tested0 T2e uel 3ara.eter -alues *r all se-e+additi*+ uels are s3e/iied i+ Table V0C t2ese -alues .ust be .et t*it2i+ t2e ble+di+g t*lera+/e ra+ges s3e/iied i+ Table V040

Table V0C0((!r*3erties * Fuels T* e Tested B2e+ Aug.e+ti+g T2e M*delBit2 A Ne Fuel !ara.eter

Fuels

Fuel 3r*3erty ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( 1 @ C 4 = 6 )

'ulur, 33.0000000000000000000000000000000 1=% 1=% 1=% C= C= =%%=%%e+7e+e, -*l00000000000000000000000000000 10% 10% 10% %0= %0= 10C10CRV!, 3si0000000000000000000000000000000000 )0= )0= )0= 60= 60= &01 &01E@%%, 00000000000000000000000000000000000 =% =% =% 6@ 6@ C) C)EC%%, 00000000000000000000000000000000000 &= &= &= 9@ 9@ )9 )9

Ar*.ati/s, -*l000000000000000000000000000 @) @) @) @% @% 4=4=Olei+s, -*l00000000000000000000000000000 90% 90% 90% @0% @0% 1& 1&Oyge+, t0000000000000000000000000000000 @01 @01 @01 @0) @0) 10=10=



O/ta+e, RQM;L@000000000000000000000000000 &) &) &) &) &) &)&)Ne !ara.eterP1P00000000000000000000000000 " "Q " "

@

P1P""a+didate le-el, aseli+e le-el0

I+ Table V0C, Fuel 1 is t2e /a+didate uel, Fuel C is t2e/a+didate(baseli+e uel, a+d Fuel @ is a diluti*+ uel t2at is testedt* deter.i+e 2et2er e.issi*+s res3*+d li+early t* le-els * t2e/a+didate uel 3ara.eter0 Testi+g *+ additi*+ uels 1, @, a+d C ill3r*-ide t2e data +eeded t* assess t2e e.issi*+ ee/ts * t2e 3ara.eterbei+g tested i+ is*lati*+0 T2ree se3arate le-els * t2e 3ara.eter ares3e/iied i+ *rder t* 3r*-ide data t* esti.ate b*t2 li+ear a+d s5uaredter.s i+-*l-i+g t2e 3ara.eter, 2ile *t2er uel 3ara.eters 2a-e bee+set at le-els e3e/ted t* be ty3i/al * i+(use re*r.ulated gas*li+es0Fuels 4 a+d = are l*(e.itti+g uels it2 /a+didate a+d baseli+e le-els* t2e 3ara.eter i+ 5uesti*+0 Fuels 6 a+d ) are t2e /*rres3*+di+g 2ig2e.itti+guels0 Testi+g *+ t2ese *ur uels ill 3r*-ide t2e data+eeded t* assess t2e eiste+/e a+d si7e * i+tera/ti-e ee/ts betee+t2e 3ara.eter bei+g tested a+d *t2er uel 3ara.eters already i+/ludedi+ t2e /*.3le .*del0 Esti.ati+g t2ese ee/ts *r -ery 2ig2 e.itti+guels additi*+ uels 6 a+d ); a+d -ery l* e.itti+g uels additi*+uels 4 a+d =; .ai.i7es t2e se+siti-ity * t2e test 3r*gra. t* su/2ee/ts0

I t2e 3ara.eter bei+g tested is +*t s3e/iied *r "AA baseli+egas*li+e, its baseli+e le-el .ust be /*.3arable t* its le-el i+gas*li+e re3rese+tati-e * /*..er/ial re*r.ulated gas*li+es0!etiti*+ers are re5uired t* *btai+ a33r*-al *r t2e baseli+e le-el *t2is 3ara.eter r*. t2e Age+/y 3ri*r t* begi++i+g t2eir -e2i/le test3r*gra.s0 'u/2 a33r*-al *uld de3e+d i+ 3art *+ t2e use * a+a33r*3riate basis *r deter.i+i+g t2e 3r*3erties * >>re3rese+tati-e??/*..er/ial re*r.ulated gas*li+es0 T2e basis *r t2is s3e/ii/ati*+ a+d*r t2e s3e/ii/ati*+s des/ribed i+ Table V0C are dis/ussed .*re ullyi+ se/ti*+ IV0# * t2e RIA0

/0 Ot2er uels re5uire.e+ts0 T* 3r*du/e uels it2 t2e 3ara.eter-alues listed ab*-e *r t2e ete+si*+ a+d additi*+ uels, t2e a.*u+t



a+d ty3e * 3arai+s 3rese+t i+ ea/2 uel .ay re5uire adust.e+ts0T2ese adust.e+ts .ust rele/t t2e distributi*+ * 3arai+ ty3es i+re3rese+tati-e rei+ery strea.s0 T* *t2er issues .ust als* beaddressed regardi+g t2e /*.3*siti*+ a+d 3r*3erties * ete+si*+ a+dadditi*+ uels0 First, +*+(/*.3*siti*+al uel 3r*3erties su/2 as RV!,

E@%%, a+d EC%% .ay dier r*. t2e -alues s3e/iied i+ Tables V0@ a+dV0C as a +atural result * /*.3*siti*+al diere+/es a.*+g uels *r asa result * t2e i+2ere+t -ariability i+ ble+di+g 3r*/esses0 I+ su/2/ases, t2e /*.3le .*del is t* be used t* /*.3e+sate *r su/2diere+/es 2e+ e-aluati+g -e2i/le testi+g results, as des/ribed i+se/ti*+ &%04& * t*day?s regulati*+s0

'e/*+d, E!A als* is /*+/er+ed t2at -ariati*+s due t* ble+di+g .ay/ause uel 3ara.eters +*t i+/luded i+ t2e .*del t* -ary a.*+g uels,a+d su/2 3ara.eters .ay 2a-e sig+ii/a+t e.issi*+ ee/ts +*t 3redi/tedby t2e .*del0 T* .i+i.i7e t2is ris, t2e 3r*3erties * t2e -ari*usuels .ust .at/2 t2*se s3e/iied i+ Tables V01 t2r*ug2 V0C t* it2i+t2e t*lera+/es dei+ed i+ Table V040 I+ additi*+, t2e ete+si*+ a+dadditi*+ uels .ust be ble+ded r*. ide+ti/al rei+ery strea.s t* t2eete+t 3*ssible0 Failure t* .eet t2is re5uire.e+t *uld redu/e t2e/ertai+ty t2at e.issi*+ ee/ts *u+d i+ -e2i/le testi+g are due s*lelyt* t2e 3ara.eter bei+g tested0 D*e-er, i a 3etiti*+er /a+ s2* t2atit is +*t easible t* .eet all su/2 t*lera+/es *r t2e 3etiti*+er?suels due eit2er t*: 1; Naturally(resulti+g /2a+ges i+ uel 3ara.etersarisi+g r*. /2a+ges i+ t2e 3ara.eters; i+ 5uesti*+ *r @; ble+di+gte/2+*l*gy li.itati*+s, E!A ill /*+sider .*diyi+g t2e rele-a+tt*lera+/es0 A+y su/2 re5uest .ust /*.e 3ri*r t* t2e start * t2e test3r*gra.0 I+ su/2 /ases, E!A reser-es t2e rig2t t* use t2e .*del a+drele-a+t data r*. 3ri*r aug.e+tati*+ 3etiti*+s t* adust *r 2ate-erdiere+/es re.ai+ a.*+g t2e uels0

Table V040((Fuel !ara.eter le+di+g T*lera+/es

le+di+g Fuel 3ara.eter t*lera+/e

'ulur /*+te+t000000000000000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK@=33.0

e+7e+e /*+te+t00000000000000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0@-*l 0

RV!00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0@



3si0

E@%% le-el0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK@ 0EC%% le-el0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK4 0Oyge+ate /*+te+t000000000000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK10%

-*l 0

Ar*.ati/s /*+te+t000000000000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK@0)-*l 0

Olei+s /*+te+t00000000000000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK@0=-*l 0

'aturates /*+te+t000000000000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK@0%-*l 0

O/ta+e00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0=0"a+didate 3ara.eter0000000000000000000000000000000000 T* be deter.i+ed

as 3art * t2eaug.e+tati*+3r*/ess0

A+ */ta+e re5uire.e+t * &)0= .easured by t2e RQM;L@ .et2*d; .ustbe .et *r all uels used i+ -e2i/le testi+g t* it2i+ t2e t*lera+/es3e/iied i+ Table V04, u+less */ta+e itsel is t2e uel 3r*3erty bei+ge-aluated *r its ee/t *+ e.issi*+s0 All test uels .ust als* /*+tai+deterge+t additi-es i+ /*+/e+trati*+s ade5uate t* .eet t2e re5uire.e+ts* se/ti*+ @11l; * t2e A/t, a+d t2e /*+/e+trati*+ .ust be it2i+ te+3er/e+t * t2e a-erage deterge+t /*+/e+trati*+ *r all uels i+/ludedi+ t2e test 3r*gra.0

60 Test !r*/edures

F*r t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. t* a/2ie-e a/tual i+(useredu/ti*+s i+ uel(related VO" a+d t*i/s e.issi*+s, /ertii/ati*+ testresults .ust /*rrelate it2 redu/ti*+s i+ i+(use e.issi*+s0 N* test3r*/edure, 2*e-er, is /*.3letely re3rese+tati-e * all i+(use/*+diti*+s0 T2e ra+ge * -e2i/le uses a+d *3erati+g /*+diti*+s a+d t2era+ge * ge*gra32i/al a+d /li.ati/ /*+diti*+s t2r*ug2*ut t2e /*u+try3re-e+t a si+gle test 3r*/edure r*. bei+g e+tirely re3rese+tati-e0D*e-er, E!A 2as de-el*3ed *r is i+ t2e 3r*/ess * de-el*3i+g test3r*/edures 2i/2 atte.3t t* rele/t a br*ad s3e/tru. * i+(use -e2i/le



*3erati+g /*+diti*+s0 T2ese test 3r*/edures ere used i+ 3art t*de-el*3 t2e e.issi*+ a/t*rs i+ E!A?s MOIE401, MOIE=, a+d MOIE=Ae.issi*+ .*dels, 2i/2 i+ tur+ 2a-e bee+ used t* de-el*3 t2e .*deli+g*3ti*+ *r uel /ertii/ati*+0 T* .ai+tai+ /*+siste+/y betee+ t2e/ertii/ati*+ .et2*ds, t2ese test 3r*/edures als* are t* be used *r

-e2i/le testi+g t* aug.e+t t2e .*del0

a0 E2aust e.issi*+ testi+g0 E2aust e.issi*+s .ust be .easuredt2r*ug2 t2e use * t2e Federal Test !r*/edure FT!; *r +e -e2i/le/ertii/ati*+ 'ub3art * !art &6 * t2e "*de * Federal Regulati*+s;it2 .*dii/ati*+s t* all* -e2i/le 3re/*+diti*+i+g betee+ tests *+diere+t uels a+d t* 3r*-ide *r be+7e+e, *r.alde2yde, a/etalde2yde,a+d 1,C(butadie+e sa.3li+g a+d a+alysis0 'i+/e !OM t2e it2 regulatedt*i/ air 3*lluta+t; /a++*t /urre+tly be .easured a//urately a+d si+/e+* si+gle .easure.e+t 3r*/edure is ge+erally a//e3ted, its .easure.e+tis +*t re5uired0 A detailed des/ri3ti*+ * t2e t*i/s .easure.e+t3r*/edures /a+ be *u+d i+ se/ti*+ &%0== a+d se/ti*+ &%0=6 * t2eregulati*+s *r t2is rule.ai+g0

b0 Fuel 3ara.eter .easure.e+t 3re/isi*+0 O+e s*ur/e * err*r i+testi+g 3r*gra.s as des/ribed i+ t2is se/ti*+ is u+/ertai+ty i+ t2e/*.3*siti*+ a+d 3r*3erties * t2e uels bei+g tested0 'i+/e ueltesti+g is ar less e3e+si-e t2a+ -e2i/le e.issi*+ testi+g, E!Abelie-es it is 2ig2ly /*st ee/ti-e t* .easure t2e 3r*3erties * t2euels .ulti3le ti.es t* redu/e t2e u+/ertai+ty i+ 3r*e/ted e.issi*+sdue t* u+/ertai+ty i+ uel /*.3*siti*+0 As a result, at .i+i.u., t2e3r*3erties dei+ed i+ Table V0= .ust be .easured a sui/ie+t +u.ber *ti.es t* redu/e t2e 9= 3er/e+t /*+ide+/e i+ter-al, as /al/ulated usi+ga sta+dard t(test, t* t2e t*lera+/es dei+ed i+ Table V0=0

Table V0=0((Fuel !ara.eter Measure.e+t t*lera+/es *r Fuel "ertii/ati*+ by Ve2i/le Testi+g

Measure.e+t t*lera+/e 9=

!ara.eter 3er/e+t /*+ide+/ei+ter-al;

A!I #ra-ity000000000000000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0@deg0A!I0



'ulur /*+te+t000000000000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK= 33.0e+7e+e /*+te+t00000000000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0%= -*l 0

RV!00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0%&

3si0

O/ta+e00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%01 RQML @;0

E@%% le-el0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK@ 0EC%% le-el0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK@ 0Oyge+ate /*+te+t000000000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0@ -*l

0

Ar*.ati/s /*+te+t000000000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0= -*l0

Olei+s /*+te+t00000000000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0C -*l0

'aturates /*+te+t000000000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK10% -*l0

O/ta+e00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0@0"a+didate 3ara.eter0000000000000000000000000000000 T* be deter.i+ed as

3art * t2eaug.e+tati*+3r*/ess0

E!A re/*g+i7es t2at uels used i+ -e2i/le testi+g .ay diersig+ii/a+tly i+ /*.3*siti*+ i+ ter.s * s3e/ii/ /2e.i/al s3e/ies2ile a33eari+g t* be ide+ti/ally /*.3*sed i+ ter.s * br*ad /2e.i/ala.ilies0 T2e Age+/y urt2er re/*g+i7es t2at su/2 /*.3*siti*+aldiere+/es .ay result i+ e.issi*+ ee/ts, a+d t2at su/2 diere+/es.ay /*+*u+d *r be used t* >>ga.e?? testi+g 3r*gra.s0 T2ere*re, t2euels used i+ -e2i/le testi+g .ust be ble+ded r*. re3rese+tati-erei+ery strea.s, a+d t2eir /*.3*siti*+ .ust be ully /2ara/teri7ed bygas /2r*.at*gra32y *r e5ui-ale+t a+alysis .et2*ds *ll*i+g t2e.et2*d*l*gy used i+ t2e Aut*LOil studyJ'!KC; a+d t2e results sub.ittedt* E!A0 !etiti*+ers *uld 2a-e t2e *3ti*+ * eit2er sub.itti+g t2eseresults *r a33r*-al 3ri*r t* begi++i+g -e2i/le testi+g *r i+/ludi+gt2ese results i+ t2eir /*.3leted 3etiti*+0 D*e-er, i+ eit2er /ase, E!A*uld retai+ t2e aut2*rity t* re5uire .*dii/ati*+s t* t2e test uels



t* rele/t t2e e.issi*+ ee/ts t2at ill be e3erie+/ed by a/tual i+use-e2i/les, E!A /*+siders it +e/essary t* /*+tr*l t2e /*.3*siti*+ *t2e test leet0 As dis/ussed i+ 'e/ti*+ IV, E!A?s /*.3le .*del 2aside+tiied sig+ii/a+t diere+/es i+ t2e ee/ts * uel .*dii/ati*+s*+ e.issi*+s a.*+g -e2i/les r*. diere+t e.itter /lasses a+d

te/2+*l*gy gr*u3s0 E!A?s -e2i/le leet re5uire.e+ts are i+te+ded t*assure t2at a sui/ie+t +u.ber * -e2i/les are tested t* 3r*-idestatisti/al /*+ide+/e i+ *bser-ed e.issi*+ ee/ts, t* assure t2at t2e-e2i/les tested are re3rese+tati-e * t2e e.issi*+ /2ara/teristi/s *i+(use -e2i/les, a+d t* assure t2at t2e -e2i/les tested 2a-e e.issi*+/*+tr*l te/2+*l*gies t2at are re3rese+tati-e * e.issi*+ /*+tr*lte/2+*l*gies *u+d *+ 199% .*del year -e2i/les0 1; Dig2er E.ittersLN*r.al E.itters0 I+ *rder t2at t2e test leet*r e2aust e.issi*+ testi+g rele/t t2e distributi*+ i+ -e2i/lee.issi*+ 3er*r.a+/e i+(use, t2e test leet .ust /*+sist * t* e2austVO" e.itter subleets, +*r.al e.itters a+d 2ig2er e.itters0 T2e3r*3*rti*+ * -e2i/les i+ ea/2 subleet is t* be set e5ual t* t2edistributi*+ * -e2i/le e.issi*+ 3er*r.a+/e 2e+ e+2a+/ed ILM 3r*gra.sare i+ 3la/e0 T2ese 3r*3*rti*+s are s2*+ i+ Table V06, 2i/2 is based*+ a+ E!A a+alysisJ'!K= * t2e distributi*+ * t2e i+(use e.issi*+3er*r.a+/e * a 2y3*t2eti/al leet /*.3*sed e+tirely * 199% .*delyear -e2i/les 2e+ sube/t t* a+ e+2a+/ed ILM 3r*gra.0 T2isdistributi*+ is /*+siste+t it2 t2e assu.3ti*+s .ade i+ de-el*3i+g t2e!2ase II "*.3le M*del0

P=P>>E2aust VO" E.issi*+ I+-e+t*ry y Ve2i/le E.itter "lassF*ll*i+g I.3le.e+tati*+ * a+ E+2a+/ed I+s3e/ti*+ a+d Mai+te+a+/eILM; !r*gra.??, Me.*ra+du. r*. "2ristia+ i+d2e. a+d 8a-idr7e7i+si t* E!A Air 8*/et A(9@(1@, <u+e @4, 199C0

Table V060((E.itter #r*u3s a+d I+(se E.issi*+s

Fra/ti*+ E.issi*+ * i+( ra/ti*+ E.itter gr*u3 use ((((((((((((((((( leet VO"s NOJINFK

N*r.al: J@ TD" 'ta+dard J%0&@ gL.i;000000 %0)C& %0444 %0)C&Dig2er: Jgr(t2+(e5K@ TD" 'ta+dard Jgr(t2+(



e5K%0&@ gL.i;000000000000000000000000000000 %0@6@ %0==6 %0@6@

A+ *3ti*+ 2ad bee+ 3r*3*sed *r /*..e+t 2i/2 *uld +*t 2a-e

se3arated t2e test leet i+t* se3arate e.itter gr*u3s u+der t2eassu.3ti*+ t2at t2ey .ay +*t res3*+d diere+tly t* uels0 D*e-er,E!A?s a+alysis * t2e /*.3le .*del database a+d t2e /*.3le .*delitsel i+di/ates t2at t2is assu.3ti*+ is i+-alid0 De+/e E!A 2asdeter.i+ed t2at t2e test leet .ust /*+tai+ -e2i/les r*. b*t2 e.ittergr*u3s0

Asse.bli+g a test leet it2 t2e s3e/iied e.issi*+ 3er*r.a+/edistributi*+ re5uires -e2i/les t* be *btai+ed it2 t2e desired e.issi*+3er*r.a+/e0 F*r t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra., su/2 -e2i/les .ustbe *btai+ed by ra+d*.ly sele/ti+g -e2i/les it2 t2e desired e.issi*+3er*r.a+/e r*. t2e i+(use leet a+d testi+g t2*se -e2i/les i+ t2eiras(re/ei-ed /*+diti*+0 T2is .et2*d 2el3s assure t2at t2e -e2i/lessele/ted *r testi+g 2a-e e.issi*+ /*+tr*l 3r*ble.s t2at arere3rese+tati-e * i+(use e.issi*+ 3r*ble.s0 E!A 2ad /*+sidered all*i+g+*r.al e.itti+g -e2i/les it2 i+te+ti*+ally(disabled e.issi*+ /*+tr*lsyste.s t* ser-e as 2ig2er e.itti+g -e2i/les, but +* suitabledisable.e+t s/2e.e 2as bee+ ide+tiied a+d e-ide+/e i+di/ati+g t2atdisabled -e2i/les *uld 2a-e e.issi*+ 3er*r.a+/e re3rese+tati-e * i+use2ig2er e.itters 2as +*t bee+ *u+d0 F*r t2ese reas*+s, E!A ill +*t3er.it 2ig2er e.itti+g -e2i/les t* be /reated by i+te+ti*+allydisabli+g +*r.al e.itti+g -e2i/les0

Test -e2i/les? e.issi*+ 3er*r.a+/e ill +eed t* be 3re(s/ree+ed t*3la/e t2e. i+ t2e a33r*3riate e.itter gr*u3 a+d t* assure t2e 3r*3ere.issi*+s distributi*+ it2i+ t2e test leet0 'u/2 3res/ree+i+g tests.ust be /*+du/ted usi+g E!A -e2i/le /ertii/ati*+ uel I+d*le+e; *-ert2e Federal Test !r*/edure si+/e t2ese ere t2e /*+diti*+s 2i/2 ereused t* ge+erate t2e data *r t2e i+(use e.issi*+ distributi*+0!res/ree+i+g tests /a+ als* be 3er*r.ed usi+g t2e "lea+ Air A/tbaseli+e gas*li+e a+dL*r t2e ILM @4% test 3r*/edure0 Results r*. su/2tests /a+ be /*rrelated it2 FT! test results it2 I+d*le+e as*utli+ed i+ se/ti*+ &%06@ * t2e a//*.3a+yi+g regulati*+s;0 @; Te/2+*l*gy #r*u3s0 As dis/ussed i+ 'e/ti*+ IV, t2e de-el*3.e+t* t2e /*.3le .*del re-ealed t2at t2e e.issi*+s ee/t * uel.*dii/ati*+s i+ +*r.al e.itti+g -e2i/les -aried a.*+g t2e e+gi+e a+de2aust syste. te/2+*l*gies 3rese+t i+ 199% .*del year -e2i/les0 De+/eE!A 2as /*+/luded t2at t2e +*r.al e.itter test leet .ust 2a-e ate/2+*l*gy distributi*+ t2at is re3rese+tati-e * t2e te/2+*l*gydistributi*+ 3rese+t i+ t2e 199% .*del year leet0 T2e re5uired



distributi*+ is s2*+ i+ Table V0)0

I+ additi*+ t* t2e te/2+*l*gy gr*u3 /riteria * Table V0),a33r*i.ately C% 3er/e+t * t2e -e2i/les sele/ted *r ea/2 e.itter

/lass sub(leet .ust be lig2t(duty tru/s 8Ts; t* rele/t t2ere3rese+tati*+ * 8Ts i+ t2e lig2t(duty -e2i/le leet0 E!A belie-est2at t2e be+eits * 3r*-idi+g leibility i+ deter.i+i+g t2e sele/ti*+* 8Ts *r t2e test leet *uteig2 t2e be+eits * a//ura/y a/2ie-edby s3e/iyi+g 2i/2 -e2i/les r*. Table V0) s2*uld be 8Ts0 D*e-er, asis als* t2e /ase *r *t2er desig+ ele.e+ts * t2e test 3r*gra., t2edistributi*+ * 8Ts a.*+g t2e +*r.al e.itter te/2+*l*gy gr*u3s issube/t t* E!A a33r*-al0

A +u.ber * /*..e+ters *be/ted t* t2e a33li/ati*+ * t2iste/2+*l*gy gr*u3 distributi*+ t* t2e 2ig2er e.itti+g -e2i/le subleet,as as s3e/iied i+ 3ri*r 3r*3*sals0 E!A?s e3erie+/e i+ de-el*3i+g t2e/*.3le .*del, as dis/ussed i+ 'e/ti*+ IV a+d t2e RIA, /*+ir.s t2at2ig2er e.itter e.issi*+s te+d t* be .u/2 less de3e+de+t *+ -e2i/lete/2+*l*gy diere+/es t2a+ are +*r.al e.itter e.issi*+s0 T2ere*re,t2e 2ig2er e.itti+g -e2i/le subleet +eed +*t .eet t2e te/2+*l*gydistributi*+ re5uire.e+t, t2*ug2 a .iture * -e2i/le .*dels a+d.a+ua/turers s2*uld still be i+/luded0 T2e 2ig2er e.itter subleetals* .ust .eet t2e 199% .*del year a+d lig2t duty -e2i/le /riteriades/ribed 3re-i*usly a+d, lie *t2er ele.e+ts * 3r*3*sed testi+g3r*gra.s, is sube/t t* E!A a33r*-al0

Table V0)0((Test Ve2i/le "2ara/teristi/s

Te/20

Ve20 Fuel syste. "atalyst Air i+e/ti*+ E#R gr*u3Ma+ua/turer

100000000000000000000000000 Multi0000000 CB N* Air00000000 E#R00000000000 1 #M0@00000000000000000000000000 Multi0000000 CB N* Air00000000 N* E#R00000000 @ F*rd0C00000000000000000000000000 TI000000000 CB N* Air00000000 E#R00000000000 C #M0400000000000000000000000000 Multi0000000 CBQO Air00000000000 E#R00000000000 4 F*rd0=00000000000000000000000000 Multi0000000 CB N* Air00000000 E#R00000000000 1 D*+da0600000000000000000000000000 Multi0000000 CB N* Air00000000 N* E#R00000000 @ #M0)00000000000000000000000000 TI000000000 CB N* Air00000000 E#R00000000000 C "2rysler0&00000000000000000000000000 Multi0000000 CBQO Air00000000000 E#R00000000000 4 #M0900000000000000000000000000 TI000000000 CBQO Air00000000000 E#R00000000000 ) "2rysler0



1%0000000000000000000000000 Multi0000000 CB Air00000000000 E#R00000000000 = T*y*ta0110000000000000000000000000 Multi0000000 CB N* Air00000000 E#R00000000000 1 F*rd01@0000000000000000000000000 Multi0000000 CB N* Air00000000 N* E#R00000000 @ "2rysler01C0000000000000000000000000 "arb00000000 CBQO Air00000000000 E#R00000000000 9 T*y*ta0140000000000000000000000000 TI000000000 CB N* Air00000000 E#R00000000000 C F*rd0

1=0000000000000000000000000 Multi0000000 CBQO Air00000000000 E#R00000000000 4 #M0160000000000000000000000000 Multi0000000 CB N* Air00000000 E#R00000000000 1 T*y*ta01)0000000000000000000000000 Multi0000000 CB N* Air00000000 N* E#R00000000 @ Ma7da01&0000000000000000000000000 TI000000000 CB N* Air00000000 E#R00000000000 C #M0190000000000000000000000000 Multi0000000 CBQO Air00000000000 E#R00000000000 4 F*rd0@%0000000000000000000000000 Multi0000000 CB N* Air00000000 E#R00000000000 1 Nissa+0

Table V0&((Te/2+*l*gy #r*u3 8ei+iti*+s

Te/20 gr*u3 Fuel syste. "atalyst Air i+e/ti*+E#R

10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Multi000000000 CB N* Air0000000000 E#R@0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Multi000000000 CB N* Air0000000000 N* E#RC0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 TI00000000000 CB N* Air0000000000 E#R40000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Multi000000000 CBQO Air0000000000000 E#R=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Multi000000000 CB Air0000000000000 E#R60000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 TI00000000000 CB Air0000000000000 E#R)0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 TI00000000000 CBQO Air0000000000000 E#R&0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 TI00000000000 CB N* Air0000000000 N* E#R90000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 "arb0000000000 CBQO Air0000000000000 E#R

ege+d *r Tables V0) a+d V0&

Fuel 'yste.:

Multi Multi(3*i+t uel i+e/ti*+ TI T2r*ttle b*dy uel i+e/ti*+ "arb "arburetted

"atalyst:



CB C(Bay /atalyst

CBQO C(Bay /atalyst 3lus a+ *idati*+ /atalyst

Air I+e/ti*+:

Air Air i+e/ti*+

N* Air N* air i+e/ti*+

E#R:

E#R E2aust gas re/ir/ulati*+

N* E#R N* e2aust gas re/ir/ulati*+

Ve2i/les .ust be added t* t2e +*r.al e.itter sub(leet i+ t2e *rderi+ 2i/2 t2ey a33ear i+ t2e table0 I .*re t2a+ @% -e2i/les arei+/luded i+ t2e +*r.al e.itter sub(leet, t2e+ t2e additi*+al -e2i/les.ust be sele/ted starti+g *-er it2 -e2i/le +u.ber *+e i+ Table V0)0 C; Nu.ber * Test Ve2i/les0 E2aust e.issi*+s are sube/t t*/*+siderable -ariability due t* t2e /*.3leity * /*.busti*+ /2e.istry,e+gi+e be2a-i*r, a+d e.issi*+ /*+tr*l0 As a result, substa+tialstatisti/al u+/ertai+ty ty3i/ally eists i+ e2aust e.issi*+ redu/ti*+esti.ates based *+ a si+gle test 3r*gra.0 T* redu/e t2is u+/ertai+ty,a+ ade5uate +u.ber * -e2i/les .ust be tested *r t2eir e2auste.issi*+s0 I+ *rder t* ee3 statisti/al u+/ertai+ty reas*+ably l*2ile at t2e sa.e ti.e li.it t2e test leet si7e t* reas*+able le-els,t2e test leet *r e2aust e.issi*+s .ust /*+sist * a .i+i.u. * @%-e2i/les0 T* .ai+tai+ ade5uate statisti/al /*+ide+/e i+ test results,2*e-er, t2e distributi*+ * t2e test leet a.*+g t2e e.itter gr*u3s.ust als* be dei+ed s* as t* .i+i.i7e statisti/al u+/ertai+ty0 Asdis/ussed i+ t2e A3ril 16, 199@ 3r*3*sal, diere+/es i+ VO", NOJINFKa+d t*i/s e.issi*+ distributi*+s *r i+(use -e2i/les 3re-e+ts*3ti.i7ati*+ * t2e si7e * t2e e.itter gr*u3s *r all t2ree 3*lluta+tssi.ulta+e*usly0 E!A is basi+g t2e +u.ber * -e2i/les i+ ea/2 e.ittergr*u3 *+ t2eir VO" e.issi*+ 3er*r.a+/e, based *+ t2e reas*+s dis/ussedi+ t2e A3ril 16, 199@ 3r*3*sal a+d *+ t2e use * VO" e.issi*+3er*r.a+/e t* dei+e e.itter gr*u3s0



T2e u+/ertai+ty ass*/iated it2 VO" e.issi*+s is 5uite /*.3le0 T2e2ig2er e.itti+g -e2i/les i+ -ari*us test 3r*gra.s 2a-e te+ded t* 2a-esig+ii/a+tly greater -ariability i+ e.issi*+ ee/ts t2a+ +*r.ale.itti+g -e2i/les0 De+/e t* .i+i.i7e statisti/al u+/ertai+ty, a greater3r*3*rti*+ * 2ig2er e.itters s2*uld be tested t2a+ *uld be suggested

by t2eir /*+tributi*+ t* i+(use e.issi*+s0 D*e-er, E!A belie-es t2at3re(s/ree+i+g a+d stabili7ati*+ * 2ig2er e.itters /a+ redu/e t2eir-ariability t* a33r*a/2 t2at * +*r.al e.itters0 T2ere*re, t* .i+i.i7et2e statisti/al u+/ertai+ty i+ t2e test 3r*gra. t2e +u.ber * +*r.ala+d 2ig2er e.itters i+ t2e test leet s2*uld re3rese+t t2e /*+tributi*+* ea/2 sub(leet t* t*tal i+(use e.issi*+s0 'i+/e t2e relati-e/*+tributi*+ * +*r.al a+d 2ig2er e.itters t* t*tal VO" e.issi*+s isa33r*i.ately e5ual as dis/ussed at le+gt2 i+ t2e RIA;, e5ual +u.bers* +*r.al a+d 2ig2er e.itters .ust be /*+tai+ed i+ a+y test leet0 4; Bai-er !r*-isi*+s *r 8iere+t Test !r*gra. Re5uire.e+ts0 A+u.ber * *3ti*+s ere dis/ussed i+ A3ril 16, 199@ 2i/2 atte.3ted t*si.3liy *r .i+i.i7e t2e -e2i/le test leet re5uire.e+ts 2ile still.ai+tai+i+g t2e statisti/al /*+ide+/e i+ t2e results * a+y test3r*gra.0 ased u3*+ E!A?s e3erie+/e it2 t2e 3r*gra.s /*+du/ted as3art * t2e /*.3le .*del de-el*3.e+t, t2e test leet 3r*-isi*+s3r*.ulgated 2ere re3rese+t t2e .i+i.u. 3*ssible i ade5uate statisti/al/*+ide+/e i+ test 3r*gra. results is t* be .ai+tai+ed0 I+ a/t, E!Abelie-es t2at .a+y 3etiti*+ers .ay desire t* test additi*+al -e2i/lesi+ *rder t* i.3r*-e t2eir study?s statisti/al 3*er a+d t2ereby i.3r*-et2e lieli2**d t2at a+ aug.e+tati*+ 3etiti*+ *uld be gra+ted0 Ne-ert2eless, i+ s*.e i+sta+/es 3etiti*+ers .ay belie-e t2at a .*re*3ti.al test leet /*.3*siti*+ t2a+ t2e *+e s3e/iied ab*-e eists *rt2e uel 3ara.eter bei+g tested0 I+ su/2 /ases, 3etiti*+ers /a+3etiti*+ t2e Ad.i+istrat*r t* a33r*-e a ai-er r*. /ertai+ * t2ere5uire.e+ts i+ t2is se/ti*+ relati+g t* t2e +u.ber * test -e2i/lesa+d t2eir distributi*+ a.*+g t2e +*r.al a+d 2ig2er e.itter gr*u3s0 A+ysu/2 ai-er *uld 2a-e t* be *btai+ed i+ ad-a+/e * t2e start * t2etest 3r*gra. i+-*l-ed0 A re5uest *r su/2 a ai-er .ust i+/lude a+ade5uate ustii/ati*+ *r t2e re5uested /2a+ge, i+/ludi+g t2erati*+ale *r t2e re5uest a+d su33*rti+g data a+d i+*r.ati*+0 E!Areser-es t2e rig2t t* re5uire testi+g * additi*+al -e2i/les bey*+d t2e@%(-e2i/le .i+i.u. 2ere su/2 testi+g is +e/essary t* e-aluate e.issi*+ee/ts 3r*3erly0

&0 8ata A+alysis

a0 Beig2ti+g * e.issi*+ test data0 T2e .a++er i+ 2i/2 t2e testdata is t* be a+aly7ed .ust be /*+siste+t it2 t2e g*al t2at t2ee.issi*+ be+eits r*. re*r.ulated gas*li+e be reali7ed i+(use, ustas is t2e /ase *r t2e e2aust e.issi*+ /*.3le .*del itsel as



dis/ussed i+ 'e/ti*+ IV;0 T2ere*re, aug.e+tati*+ * t2e .*dels it2-e2i/le testi+g results .ust rele/t t2e ee/ts * uel .*dii/ati*+s*+ e.issi*+s * ea/2 e2aust 3*lluta+t VO", NOJINFK, be+7e+e, 1,C(butadie+e, *r.alde2yde, a+d a/etalde2yde; *+ 199% -e2i/les0 T2eaug.e+tati*+ als* .ust i+/*r3*rate diere+/es i+ t2ese ee/ts *r

-e2i/les it2 diere+t e.issi*+ /*+tr*l te/2+*l*gies a+d diere+te.issi*+ le-els0 T2e -e2i/le sele/ti*+ /riteria dis/ussed ab*-e arei+te+ded t* satisy t2ese re5uire.e+ts it2*ut re5uiri+g a+ etre.elylarge test leet0 T2e results * -e2i/le test 3r*gra.s ill be eig2tedt* rele/t t2e /*+tributi*+ * ea/2 e.itter /lass a+d te/2+*l*gy ty3et* i+(use e.issi*+s a//*rdi+g t* t2e 3r*/edure des/ribed i+ 'e/ti*+ IV*r t2e e2aust e.issi*+ /*.3le .*del0 b0 8ata a+alysis t* ete+d t2e ra+ge * eisti+g .*del 3ara.eters0B2e+ ete+di+g t2e ra+ge * a uel 3ara.eter already i+/luded i+ t2e/*.3le .*del, E!A belie-es t2at t2e data ge+erated t2r*ug2 -e2i/letesti+g s2*uld be /*.bi+ed it2 t2e data used t* de-el*3 t2e /*.3le.*del itsel0 T2is a33r*a/2 *ers se-eral i.3*rta+t ad-a+tages0 First,it taes ull ad-a+tage * eisti+g +*ledge regardi+g t2e ee/ts *t2e 3ara.eter i+ 5uesti*+ *+ e.issi*+s0 'e/*+d, it redu/esi+/*+siste+/ies betee+ t2e /*.3le .*del a+d t2e aug.e+tati*+, t2erebysi.3liyi+g /ertii/ati*+ a+d e+*r/e.e+t0 T2ird, it redu/es t2e3*ssibility * 3etiti*+ers deliberately .a+i3ulati+g t2e test 3r*gra.t* *btai+ a desired aug.e+tati*+ si+/e t2e li.ited data ge+erated byt2e test 3r*gra. ill be /*.bi+ed it2 t2e .u/2 .*re ete+si-e dataa-ailable i+ t2e /*.3le .*del database0 T2e a+alysis 3r*/ess is des/ribed i+ detail i+ se/ti*+ &%04& *t*day?s regulati*+s a+d i+ 'e/ti*+ IV0# * t2e RIA0 T2e 3r*/essre5uires t2at t2e e.issi*+ ee/ts * t2e 3ara.eter bei+g tested be-eriied at t2e ete+ded le-el 2ile +*t 3er.itti+g e.issi*+ ee/ts **t2er 3ara.eters t* be .*diied r*. t2e ee/ts i+/*r3*rated i+ t2e/*.3le .*del0 I+ additi*+, t2e aug.e+tati*+ *uld *+ly a33ly t* uelsit2 le-els * t2e 3ara.eter bei+g tested t2at all *utside t2e ra+ge*r 2i/2 t2e /*.3le .*del is -alid0 T2ese saeguards are i+te+ded t*3re-e+t t2e results * -e2i/le testi+g r*. bei+g used t* alter as3e/ts* t2e /*.3le .*del t2at a uel su33lier *r *t2er *rga+i7ati*+ dee.su+desirable0

/0 8ata a+alysis t* add +e uel 3ara.eters0 Ve2i/le test data *r+e uel 3ara.eters su/2 as +e additi-es /a++*t be a+aly7ed i+ t2e.a++er des/ribed ab*-e *r eisti+g uel 3ara.eters0 Ve2i/le(t*(-e2i/le-ariability /a+ /ause sig+ii/a+t diere+/es i+ -e2i/le res3*+ses t*3ara.eters already i+/luded i+ t2e /*.3le .*del r*. 2at t2e /*.3le.*del *uld 3redi/t0 T2e a+alysis .et2*d des/ribed ab*-e *uld a33lyt2ese diere+/es e+tirely t* t2e +e 3ara.eter, 2i/2 *uld all*substa+tial *33*rtu+ities t* ga.e t2e testi+g a+d .*del aug.e+tati*+3r*/ess0 T* .i+i.i7e t2e ris * ga.i+g a+d assure 3r*3er



re3rese+tati*+ * t2e ee/ts * +e uel 3ara.eters, a diere+ta+alysis 3r*/ess .ust be used 2e+ aug.e+ti+g t2e .*del it2 a +e uel3ara.eter0 T2is 3r*/ess is desig+ed t* ide+tiy t2e ee/ts * t2e +e3ara.eter itsel, i+/ludi+g its be2a-i*r u3*+ diluti*+, as ell as a+yi+tera/ti-e ee/ts betee+ t2e 3ara.eter a+d eisti+g /*.3le .*del

3ara.eters0

T2e 3r*/ess itsel is des/ribed i+ detail i+ se/ti*+ &%04& i+t*day?s regulati*+s a+d i+ 'e/ti*+ IV * t2e RIA0 T2e .*deli+g 3r*/essi+/*r3*rates i-e te/2+i5ues t* .i+i.i7e ga.i+g a+d is*late t2e a/tuale.issi*+ ee/ts * t2e +e 3ara.eter bei+g tested0 First, t2e /*.3le.*del is used t* adust t2e e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * t2e test -e2i/les*+ t2e t2ree uels *r a+y diere+/es i+ uel 3ara.eters *t2er t2a+t2e *+e bei+g tested0 T2ese adust.e+ts s2*uld be .i+*r, si+/e uel3r*3erties *t2er t2a+ t2e *+e bei+g tested are re5uired t* be +earlyide+ti/al0 'e/*+d, t2e li+ear a+d s5uared ter.s *r t2e +e 3ara.eterare deter.i+ed based *+ test data r*. additi*+ uels 1, @, a+d Cbe*re i+tera/ti-e ee/ts are i+tr*du/ed i+t* t2e aug.e+ted /*.3le.*del based *+ t2e results * testi+g additi*+ uels 4, =, 6, a+d )0T2is a33r*a/2 is used be/ause t2e dire/t ee/ts * uel 3ara.etersre3rese+ted by t2e li+ear a+d s5uared ter.s; are less easily ga.ed *r*bs/ured t2a+ are i+tera/ti-e ee/ts si+/e eer -ariables arei+-*l-ed0 T2ird, t2e statisti/al /riteria dei+ed i+ se/ti*+ &%0=) areused t* assure t2at *+ly statisti/ally sig+ii/a+t ter.s are i+/ludedi+ t2e aug.e+tati*+0

F*urt2, t2e .*del .ust i+/lude all ter.s *r t2e 3*lluta+t bei+g.*deled t2at are already i+/luded i+ t2e /*.3le .*del0 I+ additi*+,*+ly t2e li+ear, s5uared, a+d i+tera/ti-e ter.s i+-*l-i+g t2e +e3ara.eter are 3er.itted t* e+ter t2e aug.e+tati*+0 T2e /*ei/ie+ts *rt2e /*.3le .*del ter.s ill be ied at t2e -alues establis2ed i+ t2isrule0 y +*t 3er.itti+g t2e aug.e+tati*+ t* /2a+ge eisti+g /*.3le.*del ter.s, t2e a+alysis 3r*/ess redu/es *33*rtu+ities t* ga.e t*.*diy /*.3le .*del ee/ts t2at t2e testi+g *rga+i7ati*+ /*+sidersu+desirable0

Fit2, aug.e+tati*+s are +*t 3er.itted *r 3ara.eters +*t /*+tai+edi+ t2e /*.3le .*del but *r 2i/2 .easure.e+ts eist i+ t2e /*.3le.*del database0 I+/ludi+g su/2 3ara.eters i+ a+ aug.e+ted /*.3le .*delis liely t* result i+ large /2a+ges i+ /*.3le .*del /*ei/ie+ts duet* t2e i+terrelati*+s2i3 betee+ uel 3r*3erties0 'u/2 /2a+ges *uld/*.3li/ate e+*r/e.e+t a+d .ig2t i+tr*du/e u+gibility 3r*ble.s t2at*uld di.i+is2 t2e i+(use ee/ti-e+ess * re*r.ulated uels0 Furt2er,E!A?s e3erie+/e i+ de-el*3i+g t2e /*.3le .*del suggests t2at



i+/ludi+g su/2 3ara.eters *uld i+tr*du/e /*lli+earity 3r*ble.s a+dea/erbate t2e ris * test 3r*gra. ga.i+g0 'i+/e su/2 3ara.eters ere/*+sidered *r i+/lusi*+ i+ t2e /*.3le .*del but ere ree/ted based*+ i+3ut r*. ae/ted 3arties a+d E!A sta, E!A 2as de/ided +*t t*3er.it aug.e+tati*+s *r su/2 3ara.eters0 D*e-er, t2e Age+/y ill

/*+sider i+/ludi+g su/2 3ara.eters i+ subse5ue+t re-isi*+s t* t2e/*.3le .*del0

I+tera/ti-e ter.s ere +*t 3er.itted t* e+ter E!A?s /*.3le .*dels*r e2aust t*i/s, as dis/ussed i+ 'e/ti*+ IV a+d t2e RIA0 De+/ei+tera/ti-e ee/ts *+ t*i/s e.issi*+s are +*t 3er.itted i+aug.e+tati*+ 3etiti*+s, u+less t2e test 3r*gra. as i+te+ded a+ds3e/ii/ially desig+ed t* i+-estigate su/2 ee/ts0 T2e 3re/edi+g dis/ussi*+ assu.es t2at t2e i+tera/ti-e ee/tside+tiied t2r*ug2 testi+g /a++*t be tra/ed t* a s3e/ii/ /ause0 I t2e/ause * t2e i+tera/ti-e ee/t /a+ be ide+tiied, it .ay bea33r*3riate t* deter.i+e a greater be+ei/ial aug.e+tati*+ due t* t2e3ara.eter i+ 5uesti*+ t2a+ t2e ee/ts ide+tiied t2r*ug2 t2e 3r*/edureab*-e *r t* i+/lude a+ i+tera/ti-e ter. i+ t2e /*.3le .*del0T2ere*re, E!A ill all* testi+g * additi*+al uels t* ide+tiy t2e/ause * t2e i+tera/ti-e ee/t a+d t2e .ag+itude * t2e ee/t *rre3rese+tati-e i+(use uels agai+ sube/t t* Age+/y a33r*-al regardi+gt2e a33r*3riate+ess * t2e 3etiti*+er?s dei+iti*+ * re3rese+tati-egas*li+e;0 !etiti*+ers ill be re5uired t* *btai+ a33r*-al r*. t2e

Ad.i+istrat*r *r t2e 3r*3*sed additi*+al testi+g be*re begi++i+g su/2testi+g0 !etiti*+ers ill be 3er.itted t* /lai. larger be+eits *r t2e3ara.eter i+ 5uesti*+ based *+ t2e results * su/2 tests, sube/t t*t2e a33r*-al * t2e Ad.i+istrat*r0

F*r a .*re /*.3lete des/ri3ti*+ * t2ese 3r*/edures, t2e reader isreerred t* se/ti*+ &%0=) * t2e regulati*+s a+d t* 'e/ti*+ IV * t2eRIA0

d0 A//e3ta+/e /riteria0 As dis/ussed i+ 'e/ti*+ D, E!A reser-es t2erig2t t* e-aluate t2e 5uality * testi+g data sub.itted i+ su33*rt *3etiti*+s t* aug.e+t t2e .*dels, t* ree/t test data *r a+alysessub.itted t* t2e Age+/y i su/2 data *r a+alyses are *u+d t* bei+sui/ie+t, laed, *r *t2erise dei/ie+t, a+d t* i+/lude test data*r a+alyses r*. *t2er s*ur/es 2e+ e-aluati+g t2e 3r*3*sedaug.e+tati*+ t* t2e .*del0

VI0 !2ase II !*st(1999; Re*r.ulated #as*li+e !er*r.a+/e 'ta+dardsa+d NOJINFK 'ta+dards *r Re*r.ulated #as*li+e



A0 I+tr*du/ti*+

T2e "lea+ Air A/t t2e A/t;, as a.e+ded i+ N*-e.ber 199%,establis2es a .*re stri+ge+t .i+i.u. le-el * /*+tr*l * *7*+e(*r.i+gVO"s a+d air t*i/s e.issi*+s r*. re*r.ulated gas*li+e begi++i+g i+

t2e year @%%% t2a+ is re5uired 3ri*r t* t2at date0 F*r t2e irst i-eyears * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. !2ase I <a+uary 1, 199=t2r*ug2 8e/e.ber 1999;, "*+gress establis2ed a .i+i.u. re5uire.e+t *1= redu/ti*+ * *7*+e *r.i+g VO"s a+d t*i/ air 3*lluta+ts ["Ase/ti*+ @11;C;;]0J'!K6 'tarti+g it2 <a+uary 1, @%%% !2ase II;,t2e 1= .i+i.u. re5uired redu/ti*+s are i+/reased t* @=, it2 t2e3r*-isi*+ t2at E!A .ay i+/rease *r de/rease t2is le-el based *+te/2+*l*gi/al easibility, /*+sideri+g /*st, but .ay +*t de/rease itbel* @% ["A se/ti*+ @11;C;;]0 T2e restri/ti*+ *+ i+/reases i+

'()'F*+ emissions !ontinues to a,,l- during /ase )) of t/e ,rogram.

P6PT2e +u.eri/al 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard * 'e/0 @11;C;; setst2e .i+i.u. le-el * redu/ti*+s, as it is .*re stri+ge+t t2a+ t2eredu/ti*+s a/2ie-ed by t2e *r.ula uel i+ 'e/0 @11;C;A;0

T2e regulat*ry +eg*tiati*+ /*+du/ted by E!A *r t2is rule.ai+g did+*t address t2e !2ase II VO" a+d t*i/s sta+dards, +*r did it address aredu/ti*+ i+ NOJINFK e.issi*+s bey*+d t2e statut*ry /a3 i.3*sed u+derse/ti*+ @11;@;A;0 Ater a+aly7i+g t2e /*sts a+d be+eits * -ari*us/*+tr*ls, al*+g it2 *t2er rele-a+t a/t*rs, E!A 3r*3*sed a ra+ge *3*ssible !2ase II sta+dards *r VO" a+d t*i/s0 Furt2er.*re, based *+E!A?s -ie t2at NOJINFK redu/ti*+s ere i.3*rta+t t* a/2ie-eattai+.e+t * t2e *7*+e NAA' i+ .a+y +*+attai+.e+t areas, E!A als*3r*3*sed a NOJINFK redu/ti*+ 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard *r !2ase IIre*r.ulated gas*li+e relyi+g *+ E!A?s aut2*rity u+der se/ti*+@11/;1;A;0 A .*re detailed dis/ussi*+ * E!A?s !2ase II 3r*3*sals*r VO"s, t*i/s, a+d NOJINFK is 3r*-ided i+ subse/ti*+ @ bel*0 F*r t2e reas*+s des/ribed bel*, E!A 2as de/ided t* establis2 3ergall*+ !2ase II VO" 3er*r.a+/e sta+dards * @=09 *r VO" /*+tr*lregi*+ @ +*rt2er+ areas; a+d @)0= *r VO" /*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 s*ut2er+areas;0J'!K) E!A is als* 3r*.ulgati+g a 3er gall*+ t*i/s 3er*r.a+/esta+dard * @% *r all re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 Re*r.ulated gas*li+eill als* 2a-e t* .eet a =0= 3er gall*+ redu/ti*+ i+ e.issi*+s *NOJINFK0 E!A 2as als* establis2ed .*re stri+ge+t VO", t*i/s, a+dNOJINFK 3er*r.a+/e sta+dards 2ere a rei+er *r i.3*rter /*.3lies *+a-erage, as ell as .i+i.u. 3er gall*+ sta+dards, as e3lai+ed i+se/ti*+ " bel*0



P)PT2e @)09 VO" 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard *r VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ 1is .easured agai+st t2e statut*ry baseli+e gas*li+e, 2i/2 2as a+RV! * &0) 3si0 T2is a.*u+ts t* a 1)0) VO" redu/ti*+ 2e+ .easuredagai+st a baseli+e gas*li+e it2 RV! * )0& 3si0

10 'tatut*ry Re5uire.e+ts@0 'e/ti*+ @11;1; re5uires t2at re*r.ulated gas*li+e a/2ie-e t2eC0 greatest redu/ti*+s 3*ssible i+ -*latile *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds VO"s; a+d40 t*i/s e.issi*+s, >>tai+g i+t* /*+siderati*+ t2e /*st * a/2ie-i+g=0 su/2 e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s, a+y +*+air(5uality a+d *t2er air(5uality60 related 2ealt2 a+d e+-ir*+.e+tal i.3a/ts a+d e+ergy re5uire.e+ts0)0 '3e/ii/ally, se/ti*+ @11;C;; * t2e A/t re5uires t2at, i+ t2e&0 year @%%% a+d bey*+d, >>aggregate e.issi*+s * *7*+e(*r.i+g -*latile90 *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds r*. baseli+e -e2i/lesJ'!K& 2e+ usi+g re*r.ulated1%0gas*li+e s2all be @= 3er/e+t bel* t2e aggregate e.issi*+s * *7*+e110 *r.i+g -*latile *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds r*. su/2 -e2i/les 2e+ usi+g1@0baseli+e gas*li+eJ'!K90?? 'i.ilarly, a @= redu/ti*+ i+ e.issi*+s *1C0t*i/ air 3*lluta+ts is re5uired0 T2e A/t als* s3e/iies t2at t2e140Ad.i+istrat*r .ay adust t2e @= 3er/e+t redu/ti*+ le-el t* 3r*-ide *r1=0lesser *r greater redu/ti*+s based *+ te/2+*l*gi/al easibility, gi-i+g160/*+siderati*+ t* t2e /*st * a/2ie-i+g su/2 redu/ti*+s0 I+ +* /ase /a+1)0t2e re5uired redu/ti*+ be less t2a+ @% 3er/e+t0 T2e A/t urt2er1&03r*-ides t2at e.issi*+s * *ides * +itr*ge+ NOJINFK; /a++*t190i+/rease as a result * t2e use * re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 T2ese VO" a+d@%0t*i/s redu/ti*+s a+d NOJINFK li.it are +*+ as t2e !2ase II@10re*r.ulated gas*li+e sta+dards0@@0

@C0

@40

P&PA//*rdi+g t* se/ti*+ @11;1%;A; * t2e A/t, >>baseli+e-e2i/le?? .ea+s re3rese+tati-e .*del year 199% -e2i/les0 P9PT2e *r.ulati*+ *r su..erti.e baseli+e gas*li+e is dei+edi+ se/ti*+ @11;1%;; * t2e A/t0 'ee urt2er dis/ussi*+ *baseli+e e.issi*+s i+ se/ti*+ IV0



1%,%%%Lt*+0 T2ese igures ere sele/ted as re3rese+tati-e * t2e ra+ge* /*st(ee/ti-e+ess *r /*+tr*ls 2i/2 *uld be i+/urred by .a+y*7*+e +*+attai+.e+t areas i+ a/2ie-i+g attai+.e+t0 I+ additi*+, t2eyrele/ted 2ig2er /*st(ee/ti-e+ess -alues t2a+ t2*se *r a+y t2e+eisti+gederal +ati*+ide .*t*r -e2i/le *r .*t*r -e2i/le uel /*+tr*l

3r*gra.s0

Fi+ally, E!A 3r*3*sed a t*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ sta+dard betee+@% a+d @= 3er/e+t0 T2e @= 3er/e+t redu/ti*+ sta+dard 3r*3*sed as based*+ t2e le-el s3e/iied i+ se/ti*+ @11;C;ii; * t2e A/t0 I+ t2e3r*3*sal, E!A re/*g+i7ed t2at 2ile *+ a-erage t2is le-el * t*i/s/*+tr*l as /*st ee/ti-e, it /*uld be 2ig2ly /*st i+ee/ti-e *rs*.e rei+ers0 T2e statut*ry .i+i.u. @% 3er/e+t redu/ti*+ sta+dard as3r*3*sed as a+ alter+ati-e t* all* rei+ers urt2er leibility i+.eeti+g t2e VO" a+d NOJINFK sta+dards a+d *r s*.e t* redu/e t2e +eed*r /a3ital i+te+si-e .*dii/ati*+s s3e/ii/ t* t*i/s /*+tr*l;, u+der/ir/u.sta+/es 2ere i+ .*st /ases large redu/ti*+s i+ t*i/s e.issi*+s*uld aut*.ati/ally result r*. t2e VO" a+d NOJINFK /*+tr*ls0C0 #e+eral "*..e+ts Re/ei-ed *+ !r*3*sal E!A re/ei-ed se-eral /*..e+ts re/*..e+di+g a re3r*3*sal * t2e!2ase II sta+dards *+/e t2e /*.3le .*del as i+ali7ed a+d E!A /*uldde-el*3 a si+gle sta+dard *r ea/2 3*lluta+t0 O+e /*..e+t stated t2att2e /*+stru/t * t2e /*.3le .*del ill 2a-e a sig+ii/a+t ee/t *+t2e sta+dards, a+d it as t2ere*re +*t 3*ssible t* /*..e+t *+ t2e/*sts *r 3er*r.a+/e * t2e !2ase II sta+dards as 3r*3*sed si+/e t2eyere +*t based *+ t2e i+al /*.3le .*del;0 Ot2ers /*..e+ted t2at itas i.3r*3er t* establis2 sta+dards u+til t2e .*del t2at 3redi/tsbe+eits eists0 E!A d*es +*t belie-e it is +e/essary t* re3r*3*set2ese sta+dards, si+/e t2e 3r*3*sal 3rese+ted a ra+ge * -alues *r t2esta+dards a+d *utli+ed all * t2e *3ti*+s t2at ere /*+sidered0 T2ei+al sta+dards ere deri-ed based *+ t2e i+al /*.3le .*del, s* t2esta+dards i+/lude t2e ee/t * t2e /*.3le .*del *+ t2e e.issi*+sredu/ti*+s 3redi/ted0 E!A 2ad 3r*3*sed, a+d it as agreed i+ Reg(Neg,t2at t2e !2ase II sta+dards *uld be 3r*.ulgated it2 t2e /*.3le.*del0

riely des/ribed bel* are t2e a/t*rs E!A /*+sidered i+ setti+gt2e sta+dards bei+g 3r*.ulgated t*day, t2e .et2*d*l*gy used i+deter.i+i+g t2e /*st(ee/ti-e+ess * uel /*+tr*ls, a+d t2e reas*+i+gused i+ deter.i+i+g t2e sta+dards0 T2e ull a+alysis leadi+g t* t2ei+al sta+dards is .*re t2*r*ug2ly dis/ussed i+ se/ti*+ VI * t2eregulat*ry i.3a/t a+alysis RIA; ass*/iated it2 t2is rule.ai+g0

0 Fa/t*rs Ae/ti+g 'ele/ti*+ * t2e !2ase II 'ta+dards



I+ deter.i+i+g t2e !2ase II re*r.ulated gas*li+e sta+dards, E!A/*+sidered t2e 2ealt2, e+-ir*+.e+tal, a+d e+ergy i.3a/ts, as ell ast2e /*st a+d t2e te/2+*l*gi/al easibility * re*r.ulati+g gas*li+e t*attai+ e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s * VO"s, t*i/s, a+d NOJINFK0 E!A?sa+alyses * t2ese a/t*rs are dis/ussed briely bel*, a+d i+ detail i+

t2e RIA0

10 Dealt2 a+d E+-ir*+.e+tal I.3a/ts@0 T2e 3ur3*se * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. is t* redu/e .*t*rC0 -e2i/le e.issi*+s * *7*+e *r.i+g VO"s a+d /ertai+ s3e/iied t*i/ air40 3*lluta+ts i+ t2*se areas .*st i+ +eed * su/2 redu/ti*+s0 As dis/ussed=0 ab*-e, E!A is als* redu/i+g *7*+e *r.i+g NOJINFK e.issi*+s r*. RF#60 as a 3art * t2is rule.ai+g0 E!A .easured t2e 2ealt2 a+d e+-ir*+.e+tal)0 be+eits * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. i+ ter.s * t2e +u.ber *&0 t*+s * VO", NOJINFK, a+d t*i/s redu/ed, si+/e t2e A/t s3e/iies90 .ass(based e.issi*+s redu/ti*+s0 T2e be+eits * t*i/s redu/ti*+s ere1%0urt2er e-aluated *+ t2e basis * t2e +u.ber * /a+/er i+/ide+/es110 a-*ided, si+/e t2is is a /*..*+ .easure * t2e ee/ti-e+ess * t*i/s1@0/*+tr*l0 T2e reader is dire/ted t* se/ti*+ " bel* *r 5ua+tiied1C0esti.ates * t2ese redu/ti*+s0140

1=0 T2e be+eits * *7*+e redu/ti*+ ill be gai+ed t2r*ug2 t2e160redu/ti*+ * b*t2 VO" a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s0 A.bie+t *7*+e le-els a+d1)0t2e ee/t * VO" e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s *+ t2ese le-els -ary r*. /ity t*1&0/ity, .ai+g it dii/ult t* 5ua+tiy t2e be+eits * t2e VO" redu/ti*+190bey*+d t*+s * e.issi*+s redu/ed0 I+ ge+eral, redu/ti*+s i+ VO"@%0e.issi*+s ill i.3r*-e t2e air 5uality * .*st ae/ted areas a+d@10t2ereby redu/e t2e +egati-e 2ealt2 i.3a/ts * e3*sure t* 2ig2 le-els@@0* *7*+e0 Visibility a+d *t2er e+-ir*+.e+tal .easures are als* i.3r*-ed@C0t2r*ug2 redu/ti*+s i+ e.issi*+s * *7*+e 3re/urs*rs0 'i.ilar be+eits@40ill be gai+ed t2r*ug2 redu/ti*+s i+ NOJINFK e.issi*+s0 T2e reader is@=0dire/ted t* subse/ti*+ "0@ *r urt2er dis/ussi*+ *+ t2e 2ealt2 a+d@60e+-ir*+.e+tal be+eits * NOJINFK /*+tr*l0@)0 Redu/i+g *7*+e le-els i+ 2ig2ly 3*3ulated urba+ areas *uld 2el3 t*@&0redu/e s2*rt(ter. 2ealt2 ee/ts su/2 as i.3aired lu+g u+/ti*+, /*ug2,@90+ausea, /2est 3ai+, t2r*at irritati*+, i+/reased sus/e3tibility t*C%0res3irat*ry i+e/ti*+, a+d i+/reased se+siti-ity * ast2.ati/s t*C10allerge+s e0g0, 3*lle+; a+d *t2er br*+/2*/*+stri/t*rs0 *+g(ter.C@02ealt2 ee/ts * e3*sure t* *7*+e i+/lude a//elerated agi+g * t2eCC0lu+gs, redu/ed elasti/ity * t2e lu+gs, s/arri+g * lu+g tissue, a+dC403er.a+e+t redu/ti*+s i+ baseli+e lu+g u+/ti*+0C=0 Alt2*ug2 t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. is /*+/e+trated i+ urba+C60areas, s*.e re*r.ulated gas*li+e ill be used i+ rural areas as aC)0result * s3ill*-er i+ t2e distributi*+ syste.0 Redu/i+g *7*+e le-elsC&0i+ rural areas *uld e+2a+/e agri/ultural /r*3 yield, /urre+tlyC90esti.ated t* be redu/ed by as .u/2 as @(C billi*+ 3er year by eisti+g



4%0*7*+e /*+/e+trati*+s0J'!K11 I+ additi*+, l*er *7*+e le-els *uld 2el3410redu/e da.age t* *rest e/*syste.s 2i/2 e3erie+/e l*er tree gr*t24@0rate, *liage da.age, a+d i+/reased sus/e3tibility t* stress e0g0,4C0i+se/ts, disease, dr*ug2t; /aused by /urre+t tr*3*s32eri/ *7*+e440le-els0J'!K1@

4=0

460

4)0

P1P10'0 E!A, >>Air uality "riteria *r O7*+e a+d Ot2er!2*t*/2e.i/al Oida+ts,?? E!A Re3*rt N*0 E!A(6%%L&(&4L%@%A(E, 301(@)0

P1P@Ibid0, 30 )(1 t2r*ug2 )(40

Redu/ti*+s i+ .*bile s*ur/e e.issi*+s * t2e air t*i/s addressedi+ t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. be+7e+e, 1,C(butadie+e,*r.alde2yde, a/etalde2yde, a+d !OM; .ay result i+ eer /a+/eri+/ide+/es0 A +u.ber * ad-erse +*+/a+/er 2ealt2 ee/ts 2a-e als* bee+ass*/iated it2 e3*sure t* air t*i/s, 3arti/ularly it2 2ig2er le-ele3*sures e3erie+/ed i+ 3arti/ular .i/r*e+-ir*+.e+ts su/2 as 3ari+ggarages a+d reueli+g stati*+s0 T2ese *t2er 2ealt2 ee/ts i+/ludebl**d dis*rders, 2eart a+d lu+g diseases, a+d eye, +*se, a+d t2r*atirritati*+0 '*.e * t2e t*i/s .ay als* be de-el*3.e+tal a+dre3r*du/ti-e t*i/a+ts, 2ile -ery 2ig2 e3*sure /a+ /ause ee/ts *+t2e brai+ leadi+g t* res3irat*ry 3aralysis a+d e-e+ deat20 T2e use *re*r.ulated gas*li+e .eeti+g t2e !2ase II sta+dards ill liely 2el3t* redu/e s*.e * t2ese 2ealt2 ee/ts, as ell0 A .*re t2*r*ug2dis/ussi*+ * t2e -ariety * 3*ssible +*+(/a+/er ee/ts * /*+/er+r*. e3*sure t* air t*i/s is /*+tai+ed i+ E!A?s M*t*r Ve2i/le(Related

Air T*i/s 'tudy0J'!K1C

P1PCE!A d*/u.e+t 4@%(R(9C(%%=, A3ril 199C0



T2e e.issi*+s redu/ti*+s a+d /a+/er i+/ide+/es a-*ided as a result* t*day?s sta+dards are dis/ussed bel* i+ se/ti*+ "0 I+ additi*+ t* t2e be+eits r*. redu/ti*+s i+ e.issi*+s * VO",NOJINFK, a+d t*i/s, *t2er e+-ir*+.e+tal be+eits ill be reali7ed as

a result * t2e use * re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 E.issi*+s * /arb*+.*+*ide ill de/rease as t2e result * addi+g *yge+ t* t2e uel, t*t2e be+eit * areas *ut * attai+.e+t *r t2is air 3*lluta+t a+d t*2u.a+ 2ealt2 i+ ge+eral0J'!K14 I+ additi*+, si+/e re*r.ulatedgas*li+e is 3r*e/ted t* /*st .*re t2a+ /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e, it is3*ssible t2at /*+su.ers ill 3ur/2ase a+d, t2us, use less gas*li+e,resulti+g i+ eer *-erall e.issi*+s due t* .*bile s*ur/es0

P1P4M*st * t2is be+eit ill *//ur as a result * t2e use **yge+ i+ !2ase I RF#, +*t r*. t2e !2ase II redu/ti*+s0

@0 E+ergy I.3a/ts

!r*du/ti*+ * !2ase II re*r.ulated gas*li+e sube/t t* 3er*r.a+/esta+dards *r VO", NOJINFK, a+d t*i/s ill re5uire a+ i+/rease i+ t2ea.*u+t * e+ergy used at t2e rei+ery0 A+ esti.ate * t2e e+ergy usedde3e+ds *+ .a+y a/t*rs, i+/ludi+g 2* t2e e+ergy bala+/e is e-aluated,t2e ty3e a+d s*ur/e * *yge+ate, t2e rei+ery /*+igurati*+, a+d t2ere*r.ulati*+ a33r*a/20 8eter.i+i+g a+ ea/t e+ergy i+/rease ass*/iatedit2 re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*du/ti*+ *+ t2e basis * a /*+sta+t le-el* gas*li+e e+ergy 3r*du/ed; is dii/ult0 As later se/ti*+s * t2is d*/u.e+t ill s2*, t2e sta+dards *r VO"a+d NOJINFK redu/ti*+ 3r*.ulgated t*day ill liely be .et largelyt2r*ug2 redu/ti*+s i+ t2e sulur /*+te+t a+d Reid -a3*r 3ressure RV!;* t2e uel0 T2e 3r*/ess used t* re.*-e sulur r*. gas*li+e,2ydr*desuluri7ati*+, is a+ e+ergy i+te+si-e 3r*/ess .ai+ly due t* t2e+eed *r a+d /*+su.3ti*+ * 2ydr*ge+0 T2e e+ergy i.3a/t ill de3e+d *+t2e sulur le-el * t2e /rude used by t2e rei+ery a+d t2e le-el *sulur /*+tr*l +e/essary *r t2at rei+ery t* .eet t2e sta+dards0Redu/i+g t2e RV! * t2e uel re5uires re.*-al * t2e lig2ter /*.3*u+dsi+ t2e uel, als* a+ e+ergy /*+su.i+g 3r*/ess0 O-erall, it is e3e/tedt2at t2e e+ergy /*+su.3ti*+ by rei+eries i+ 3r*du/i+g !2ase IIre*r.ulated gas*li+e ill i+/rease slig2tly 3er2a3s a /*u3le 3er/e+t;*-er t2e le-el * e+ergy used t* .ae !2ase I RF#, but t2e .ag+itude *t2is i+/rease is dii/ult t* .easure due t* t2e .a+y -ariablesi+-*l-ed0



C0 Te/2+*l*gi/al Feasibility

E!A als* /*+sidered t2e te/2+*l*gi/al easibility * 3r*du/i+g

uels t* .eet t2e !2ase II sta+dards0 E!A belie-es t2at t2e rei+ery.*deli+g results r*. 2i/2 t2e uel 3ara.eter /*+tr*l /*sts ereesti.ated; i+di/ated t2at it is te/2+*l*gi/ally easible t* .ae t2euel 3ara.eter /2a+ges t2at ere a+aly7ed i+ de-el*3i+g t2e sta+dards0T2e rei+ery .*dels utili7e *+ly ell(de-el*3ed, de.*+strated,/*..er/ially a-ailable te/2+*l*gies, a+d are desig+ed t* *+ly .*deluels it2i+ t2e li.its * t2ese te/2+*l*gies0J'!K1= #i-e+ t2e /*sti+/e+ti-es /reated by t2is rule.ai+g, i+ all lieli2**d +ete/2+*l*gies ill be de-el*3ed betee+ +* a+d t2e year @%%% 2i/2 illredu/e t2e /*sts *r /ertai+ ty3es * uel 3ara.eter /2a+ges0 T2us, E!Abelie-es t2at t2e deter.i+ati*+ * uel 3ara.eter /*+tr*l /*sts usi+gt2e results * t2e eisti+g rei+ery .*dels is reas*+able, t2at t2e/*sts ge+erated are 3er2a3s /*+ser-ati-e, a+d t2at t2e te/2+*l*gi/aleasibility * 3r*du/i+g su/2 e.issi*+(redu/i+g uels is ustiiable0T2is 3*siti*+ as su33*rted by .a+y * t2e /*..e+ts re/ei-ed0 B2ile*t2er /*..e+ters 5uesti*+ed t2e /*sts used i+ de-el*3i+g t2e 3r*3*salas dis/ussed i+ subse/ti*+ 40b;, +* /*..e+ts 5uesti*+ed t2ete/2+*l*gi/al easibility * t2ese rei+ery /*+igurati*+s0

P1P='ee t2e RIA *r additi*+al details *+ t2e rei+ery .*delsused *r t2is a+alysis0

e/ause t2e sta+dards 3r*.ulgated t*day ill +*t tae ee/t u+tilt2e year @%%%, a+d be/ause all t2e 3r*/esses +eeded t* 3r*du/e/*.3lyi+g uels are already /*..er/ially a-ailable, E!A d*es +*tbelie-e t2at lead ti.e ill be a+ issue i+ a/2ie-i+g t2e re5uirede.issi*+s redu/ti*+s0

40 Fuel 'aety a+d 8ri-eability

E!A e-aluated saety /*+/er+s ass*/iated it2 t2e use * l* RV!uels a+d *u+d +* sig+ii/a+t +egati-e i.3a/ts, as dis/ussed i+ t2eRIA0 "*..e+ts als* raised /*+/er+s ab*ut dri-eability 3r*ble.s arisi+gr*. t2e use * l* RV! uels0 T2ey raised /*+/er+s t2at E!A?s a+alysis



O+e /*..e+ter re/*..e+ded t2at E!A e-aluate t2e /*st(ee/ti-e+ess* t2is 3r*gra. se3arately *r s.all a+d large rei+ers, a+d als* t2atE!A /*+sider gra+ti+g s.all rei+ers .*re ti.e t* /*.3ly it2 t2ere5uire.e+ts as is all*ed by "ali*r+ia *r "ali*r+ia re*r.ulatedgas*li+e;0 T2e "ali*r+ia re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. re5uires all

rei+ers selli+g gas*li+e i+ t2e state t* 3r*du/e re*r.ulatedgas*li+e, a+d t2us d*es +*t a*rd a+y leibility t* rei+ers, large*r s.all0 T2e ederal RF# 3r*gra., 2*e-er, d*es +*t re5uire 1%%3r*du/ti*+ * RF# i+ a+y regi*+, +*r d*es it re5uire t2at e-ery rei+er3r*du/e RF#0 De+/e, s.all rei+ers /a+ /2**se +*t t* 3r*du/e RF# a+di+stead su33ly /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e i t2e /*sts * /*.3lyi+g it2 t2e3r*gra. are t** burde+s*.e0 F*r t2*se s.all rei+ers ele/ti+g t*3r*du/e RF#, t2e *3ti*+ t* sele/t betee+ 3er gall*+ a+d a-eragi+gsta+dards, as ell as t2e ability t* set t2eir *+ baseli+es, gi-est2e. leibility t* .eet t2e sta+dards i+ t2e .a++er t2at is .*st /*stee/ti-e *r t2e.0 Furt2er.*re, t2e e+*r/e.e+t stru/ture is based *+a si+gle set * sta+dards *r !2ase II RF#0 All*i+g s*.e rei+ers t*/*.3ly it2 a diere+t set * sta+dards *uld re5uire additi*+al a+d.*re /*.3li/ated e+*r/e.e+t 3r*-isi*+s, a+d /*uld e*3ardi7e t2eu+gibility * re*r.ulated gas*li+es0J'!K1) 'i+/e E!A belie-es t2att2e eisti+g 3r*gra. 3r*-ides sui/ie+t leibility t* s.all rei+ers,t2ere is +* +eed t* 3ursue .ulti3le e+*r/e.e+t 3r*gra.s0 'ee se/ti*+V *r additi*+al dis/ussi*+ * t2e i.3a/t * t2is rule *+ s.allrei+ers0

P1P)F*r !2ase I RF#, t2e sta+dards are set at t2e statut*ry.i+i.u. *r b*t2 VO"s a+d t*i/s0 E!A /*uld +*t laully all* s.allrei+ers less stri+ge+t sta+dards *r .*re ti.e t* /*.3ly it2 t2e!2ase I sta+dards0

b0 Fuel !ara.eter "*+tr*l "*sts0 Fuel 3ara.eter /*+tr*l /*sts a+di+terrelati*+s2i3s betee+ uel 3ara.eters are i+tegral 3arts i+ t2ee-aluati*+ * t2e /*st(ee/ti-e+ess * !2ase II RF# /*+tr*ls0 T2e/*sts a+d i+terrelati*+s2i3s used t* de-el*3 t2e VO" a+d t*i/ssta+dards ere esti.ated r*. t2e results * rei+ery .*deli+g3er*r.ed by *++er a+d M**re Ma+age.e+t '/ie+/e,J'!K1& by Tur+er,Mas*+, a+d "*0 *r t2e Aut*(Oil Air uality I.3r*-e.e+t Resear/2!r*gra.J'!K19 by Tur+er, Mas*+, a+d "*0 *r t2e Bester+ 'tates!etr*leu. Ass*/iati*+ B'!A;J'!K@% a+d by E!A i+(2*use usi+g t2e



T2e .a+ua/turi+g /*st * 3r*du/i+g gas*li+e is t2e su. * t2e/a3ital re/*-ery /*st a+d t2e *3erati+g /*sts, adusted *r /2a+ges i+t2e e+ergy /*+te+t * t2e uel t* re3rese+t /*+siste+t uel e/*+*.y;0VO" /*+tr*l is .a+dated *+ly duri+g t2e 2ig2 *7*+e seas*+, a+d t2us all/*sts ere all*/ated t* t2e 2ig2 *7*+e seas*+ i+ t2e rei+ery .*deli+g

*r0 I+ /*+trast t* VO" /*+tr*l, t*i/s /*+tr*l a+d t2e be+eits r*.redu/ti*+s i+ t*i/s e.issi*+s *//ur year(r*u+d0 Alt2*ug2 t2e /*sts *t*i/s /*+tr*l s2*uld be deter.i+ed *+ a+ a++ual basis, E!A used t2esa.e /*sts t2at ere used *r t2e VO" a+alysis, si+/e it 2ad bee+deter.i+ed i+ t2e RIA a+d su33*rted by .a+y /*..e+ts re/ei-ed; t2atadditi*+al t*i/s /*+tr*l *uld be 2ig2ly /*st(i+ee/ti-e0 T2e le-el* eit2er VO" *r t*i/s /*+tr*l t2at is /*st ee/ti-e is +*t greatlyae/ted by t2e a//ura/y * t2e /*sts, due t* t2e .ag+itude *redu/ti*+s a/2ie-ed0

'*.e /*..e+ts re/ei-ed *+ t2e 3r*3*sal raised t2e /*+/er+ t2at t2is.et2*d * deter.i+i+g /*sts did +*t a//urately rele/t all * t2e /*sts* t2e 3r*gra., si+/e t2e >>/*.3lia+/e /*sts?? *r re/*rd ee3i+g a+de+*r/e.e+t, as ell as /*sts i+/urred by 3i3eli+es *r *t2er e+tities,ere +*t i+/luded0 B2ile it is true t2at >>/*.3lia+/e /*sts?? ill bei+/urred as a result * t2e re3*rti+g a+d e+*r/e.e+t re5uire.e+ts *!2ase II RF#, E!A d*es +*t a+ti/i3ate t2e /*sts t* be greater t2a+t2*se i+/urred by t2e !2ase I RF# 3r*gra.0 Rei+ers ill already besu33lyi+g t2e i+*r.ati*+ re5uired by E!A *r !2ase I, a+d ill/*+ti+ue t* d* s* u+der !2ase II0 De+/e, t2ere is +* additi*+al /*st */*.3lia+/e t* add t* t2e /*sts * !2ase II RF#0 Ot2er a/t*rs ae/ti+g i+/re.e+tal uel 3ara.eter /*+tr*l /*stsi+/lude t2e a.*u+t * re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*du/ed by t2e rei+erya+d t2e ee/ts * uel 3ara.eter /2a+ges *+ uel e/*+*.y0 e/ause3r*du/i+g re*r.ulated gas*li+e redu/es leibility i+ rei+ery*3erati*+s, t2e /*st * 3r*du/i+g su/2 uels i+/reases it2 t2e a.*u+t* re*r.ulated gas*li+e t2at is 3r*du/ed i+ a gi-e+ rei+ery0 I+ t2isa+alysis, E!A used a s/e+ari* * RF# 3r*du/ti*+ based *+ 3arti/i3ati*+i+ t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. by t2e +i+e .a+dated areas, t2*seareas 2i/2 2ad *3ted i+t* t2e 3r*gra. as * August 14, 199C t2e /l*se* t2e /*..e+t 3eri*d *+ t2e 3r*3*sal;, t2e e+tire N*rt2east O7*+eTra+s3*rt Regi*+ i+/ludi+g b*t2 attai+.e+t a+d +*+attai+.e+t areas;,a+d all *t2er *7*+e +*+attai+.e+t areas0 T2is s/e+ari* as /2*se+ t*re3rese+t t2e !2ase II RF# 3r*gra. t2at *uld result i all eligibleareas *3ted i+t* t2e 3r*gra.0 'i+/e t2e O7*+e Tra+s3*rt "*..issi*+ 2as+*t a++*u+/ed 3la+s t* *3t(i+ t* t2e RF# 3r*gra., a+d t2e *+lyadditi*+al +*+attai+.e+t areas t2at 2a-e *3ted i+t* t2e 3r*gra. si+/e

August 14 are t2*se l*/ated i+ Ge+tu/y, t2e -*lu.e * RF# 3r*du/ti*+used *r t2is a+alysis is *-erstated by ab*ut @% 3er/e+tage 3*i+ts0 Asa result, t2e /*st esti.ates are 2ig2er t2a+ ill liely bee3erie+/ed, si+/e use * RF# i+ t2e e+tire N*rt2east *uld se-erely



li.it rei+ery 3r*du/ti*+ i+ t2at regi*+, i+/urri+g s*.e2at 2ig2er/*sts t* i+di-idual rei+ers, 3arti/ularly t* t2*se rei+ers 2i/2 *re/*+*.i/ reas*+s *uld /2**se +*t t* 3r*du/e RF# a+d .erely /*+ti+ue3r*du/i+g /*+-e+ti*+al uel0

E!A e-aluated t2e /*sts *r i+/re.e+tal /*+tr*l le-els *r a-ariety * uel 3ara.eters0 T2is e-aluati*+ re-ealed t2at t2e greatert2e le-el * /*+tr*l, t2e 2ig2er t2e /*sts * a/2ie-i+g t2at le-el0"*.3lete i+*r.ati*+ *+ t2e de-el*3.e+t * t2e i+di-idual 3ara.eter/*sts is 3r*-ided i+ t2e RIA0

'e-eral /*..e+ts ere re/ei-ed 5uesti*+i+g t2e -alidity *e-aluati+g t2e /*st(ee/ti-e+ess * !2ase II RF# *+ a 3ara.eter by3ara.eter basis0 T2e re/*..e+ded alter+ati-e as t* e-aluate t2e /*st* 3r*du/i+g a gas*li+e .eeti+g t2e sta+dards *r a -ariety * rei+ery/*+igurati*+s, a+d t* use t2is i+*r.ati*+ t* deter.i+e t2e /*stee/ti-e+ess* t2e sta+dard0 As e3lai+ed i+ t2e RIA, E!A deter.i+edt2at it as a33r*3riate t* e-aluate /*st(ee/ti-e+ess *+ a+i+/re.e+tal basis t* 3r*3erly /*.3are uel /*+tr*ls t* *t2er *r.s *e.issi*+ /*+tr*l0

/0 E.issi*+s redu/ti*+s0((I+ deter.i+i+g t2e e.issi*+ redu/ti*+sa+d t2e ass*/iated /*st(ee/ti-e+ess * VO" /*+tr*l, E!A e.3l*yed a/*+-e+ti*+ ty3i/ally used i+ esti.ati+g t2e be+eit * b*t2 .*bile a+dstati*+ary s*ur/e VO" /*+tr*ls0 T2is /*+-e+ti*+ re5uires t2edeter.i+ati*+ * /*st(ee/ti-e+ess *+ t2e basis * a++ual t*+s * VO"redu/ed0 T2us, e-e+ t2*ug2 VO" e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s re5uired u+derse/ti*+ @11; *//ur *+ly duri+g t2e 2ig2 *7*+e seas*+, t2e /*+-e+ti*+is t* /al/ulate t2e /*st * t2e uel 3ara.eter /*+tr*l 3er t*+ * VO"re.*-ed as i t2e 2ig2 *7*+e seas*+ e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s ere s3read*-er t2e 2*le year0 "*..e+ts ere re/ei-ed t2at 5uesti*+ed t2ea33r*3riate+ess * e-aluati+g t2e /*st(ee/ti-e+ess *+ a+ a++uali7edt*+s redu/ed basis rat2er t2a+ *+ a su..er t*+s redu/ed basis, si+/et2e 3r*gra. is a su..er 3r*gra.0 T2e 3ur3*se * a33lyi+g t2is/*+-e+ti*+ t* t2e e-aluati*+ * !2ase II RF# as t* all* dire/t/*.3aris*+ * t2e /*st(ee/ti-e+ess * t2is 3r*gra. it2 t2e /*stee/ti-e+ess* *t2er VO" /*+tr*l strategies, 2i/2 is ty3i/ally/al/ulated *+ a year(r*u+d basis0 T2e *+ly *t2er a33r*3riatealter+ati-e *uld be t* re/al/ulate t2e /*st(ee/ti-e+ess * all *t2er3r*gra.s *+ t2e basis * /*st 3er t*+ * /*+tr*l duri+g t2e 2ig2 *7*+eseas*+, t2e *+ly ti.e 3eri*d 2e+ e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s *r t2e 3ur3*ses* *7*+e /*+tr*l are * a+y sig+ii/a+t -alue0 Redu/ti*+s i+ e.issi*+s * b*t2 e2aust a+d e-a3*rati-e VO" aredeter.i+ed *r a gi-e+ uel 3ara.eter /2a+ge usi+g t2e /*.3le .*del0



As dis/ussed i+ earlier se/ti*+s, t2e /*.3le .*del statut*ry baseli+ee.issi*+s are based *+ 199% -e2i/le te/2+*l*gy, a+d /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e!2ase II sta+dards is .easured relati-e t* t2ese base e.issi*+s0 Ase3lai+ed i+ t2e RIA, E!A deter.i+ed t2at t2e *lei+ le-el s3e/iied i+t2e statut*ry baseli+e as +*t re3rese+tati-e * t2e a/tual *lei+

le-el * gas*li+e i+ 199%0 !2ase I RF# i+/ludes +* s3e/ii/ li.its *+*lei+s, a+d t2us rei+ers /a+ .eet !2ase I sta+dards u+der t2e/*.3le .*del; by /*+tr*lli+g a+y uel 3ara.eters0 D*e-er, rei+ers2*se *lei+ baseli+e is sig+ii/a+tly 2ig2er t2a+ t2e statut*ry le-el.ay +eed t* redu/e *lei+s t* .eet t2e +* NOJINFK i+/reasere5uire.e+t, 3utti+g t2e. at a /*.3etiti-e disad-a+tage be/ause *lei+/*+tr*l is /*stly0 De+/e, usi+g data r*. *++er a+d M**re .*delli+g asell as uel sur-eys r*. /ities a/r*ss t2e /*u+try, t2e baseli+e*lei+ le-el as ree-aluated a+d set at 1C01 -*l *r t2e 3ur3*ses *deter.i+i+g /*st(ee/ti-e+ess0

Alt2*ug2 t2e sta+dards re5uire redu/ti*+s *r baseli+e -e2i/lesrelati-e t* t2e e.issi*+s r*. t2e statut*ry baseli+e uel, t2e /*stee/ti-e+ess* a gi-e+ uel 3ara.eter /*+tr*l is .easured based *+a/tual, i0e0, i+(use e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s0 F*r t2is reas*+, E!Adeter.i+ed t2e /*st(ee/ti-e+ess * uel 3ara.eter /2a+ges relati-e t*t2e i+/re.e+tal i+(use e.issi*+s0 T2e baseli+e i+(use e.issi*+s eredeter.i+ed *r @%%C, a ty3i/al 3*st(1999 year, usi+g MOIE=a it2e+2a+/ed i+s3e/ti*+ a+d .ai+te+a+/e ILM;, as dis/ussed i+ se/ti*+IV0J'!K@@ E2aust a+d e-a3*rati-e 3er/e+t redu/ti*+s *r i+(usee.issi*+s are deter.i+ed se3arately by a33lyi+g t2e 3er/e+t redu/ti*+i+ e.issi*+s 3redi/ted by t2e /*.3le .*del t* t2e i+(use e.issi*+s,a+d t2e+ t*talled t* get t*tal i+(use e.issi*+s redu/ti*+s0 T2e /*st,e.issi*+s redu/ti*+s, a+d /*st(ee/ti-e+ess * i+/re.e+tal /2a+ges i+uel 3ara.eters *r !2ase II RF# is /al/ulated relati-e t* !2ase I RF#0

P@P@F*ll*i+g t2e 3re/ede+t set i+ t2e 3r*3*sal, t2e i+(usebaseli+e *r VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 areas i+/luded a+ RV! * )0& 3si0T2e sta+dards set t*day are based *+ redu/ti*+s relati-e t* t2estatut*ry baseli+e uel it2 a+ RV! * &0) 3si, 2*e-er0

T* deter.i+e t2e /*st(ee/ti-e+ess * t2e t*i/s sta+dard, E!Ae.3l*yed t2e /*+-e+ti*+ * basi+g /*st(ee/ti-e+ess *+ t2e +u.ber */a+/er i+/ide+/es a-*ided0 T2e +u.ber * /a+/er i+/ide+/es a-*ided isdeter.i+ed based *+ t2e redu/ti*+ i+ e.issi*+s * ea/2 regulated airt*i/0 T2e /*.3le .*del as used t* /al/ulate t2e a++ual redu/ti*+ i+b*t2 e2aust a+d e-a3*rati-e e.issi*+s * ea/2 t*i/ *r ea/2 uel



re*r.ulati*+0 Ea/2 t*i/ e.issi*+ 2as a diere+t u+it ris a/t*r,dei+ed as t2e +u.ber * /a+/er i+/ide+/es 3er year 3er gra.(3er(.ilee.issi*+3er 3ers*+0 T2ere*re, t2e e.issi*+s * ea/2 t*i/ 3*lluta+tere /*+-erted t* a+ esti.ate * a++ual /a+/er i+/ide+/es usi+g t2eris a/t*r *r t2at 3*lluta+t a+d t2e 3*3ulati*+ * t2e 3arti/i3ati+g

re*r.ulated gas*li+e areas0 T2e t*tal /a+/er i+/ide+/es resulti+g r*.t2e t*tal t*i/s e.issi*+s ere t2e+ /al/ulated by su..i+g t2e /a+/eri+/ide+/es *r t2e i+di-idual t*i/s0

d0 "*st(ee/ti-e+ess0 T2e /*sts a+d e.issi*+s redu/ti*+s *r ea/23ara.eter /2a+ge are /*.bi+ed t* deter.i+e t2e i+/re.e+tal /*stee/ti-e+essLt*+; * ea/2 le-el * /*+tr*l, assig+i+g all * t2e/*sts t* t2e /*+tr*l * t2e 3*lluta+t * /*+/er+ VO" *r NOJINFK;0'e-eral /*..e+ts ere re/ei-ed regardi+g t2is .et2*d * establis2i+g/*st(ee/ti-e+ess0 O+e /*..e+t suggested t2at rei+ers are liely t*redu/e 3ara.eters t* le-els l*er t2a+ t2e .a+dated li.its t* e+sure/*.3lia+/e it2 t2e sta+dards0 T2us it as suggested t2at t2e /*sta+alysis s2*uld be based *+ a .argi+al i+/rease i+ t2e sta+dard t*deter.i+e t2e true /*st(ee/ti-e+ess * t2e 3r*gra.0 E!A?s /*stee/ti-e+essa+alysis is i+2ere+tly a+ a-eragi+g a+alysis, 2*e-er,si+/e t2e /*st esti.ates are based *+ t2e res3*+ses * a-erage regi*+alrei+eries t* /2a+ges i+ uel /*.3*siti*+0 A-eragi+g all*s rei+ers t*be 2ig2 *r l* *r a+y bat/2 * uel, as l*+g as t2eir a-erage .eetst2e sta+dard *-er t2e /*urse * t2e e+tire /*.3lia+/e 3eri*d0Measure.e+t err*r g*es b*t2 ab*-e a+d bel* t2e true -alues *+ a+ygi-e+ bat/2 * uel, but s2*uld a-erage 7er* *-er t2e /*urse * .a+ybat/2es0 As a result, t2ere is +* +eed *r a /*.3lia+/e .argi+ i+setti+g a+ a-eragi+g sta+dard0

E!A 3r*3*sed a ra+ge * VO" a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+ redu/ti*+sta+dards based, i+ 3art, *+ t* 3*ssible be+/2.ars *r /*stee/ti-e+ess,=,%%%Lt*+ a+d 1%,%%%Lt*+0J'!K@C 'e-eral /*..e+tersstated t2at =,%%%Lt*+ as .*st a33r*3riate, 3arti/ularly i+ lig2t *t2e i+a//ura/ies i+ t2e /*st a+alysis0 '*.e /*..e+ters belie-ed t2at=,%%%Lt*+ as t** 2ig2 /*.3ared t* alter+ate /*+tr*l strategies, 2ile*t2ers stated t2at t2is as reas*+able /*.3ared t* *t2er strategies/urre+tly re5uired0

P@PCAs dis/ussed later, E!A /*+sidered a +u.ber * issues,i+/ludi+g leibility * rei+ers a+d burde+ t* t2e i+dustry, i+additi*+ t* /*st(ee/ti-e+ess 2e+ setti+g t2e !2ase II RF#



sta+dards0

3*+ re-ie * t2e /*sts * *t2er VO" a+d NOJINFK /*+tr*l 3r*gra.ssee subse/ti*+s "01 a+d "0@ bel*;, E!A belie-es t2at a /*stee/ti-e+essbe+/2.ar * 1%,%%%Lt*+ is t** 2ig2 at t2is 3*i+t i+ti.e a+d t2at a /*st(ee/ti-e+ess * a33r*i.ately =,%%%Lt*+ is .*rea33r*3riate *r t2e !2ase II VO" sta+dard a+d t2e a//*.3a+yi+g NOJINFKsta+dard0 T2e sta+dards 3rese+ted t*day all it2i+ t2is guideli+e0 T2e /*st(ee/ti-e+ess * t*i/s /*+tr*l as si.ilarly deter.i+edas t2e rati* * t2e t*tal i+/re.e+tal /*st *r t2e i+/re.e+talredu/ti*+ i+ e.issi*+s t* t2e t*tal t*+s * t*i/s redu/ed0 T2e /*stee/ti-e+ess* t*i/s /*+tr*l as als* /al/ulated as t2e rati* *t*tal /*sts t* i+/re.e+tal redu/ti*+s i+ /a+/er i+/ide+/es0 E!A?s3r*3*sal did +*t i+/lude a+y be+/2.ar li.its *r t2e /*stee/ti-e+ess* t*i/s /*+tr*l, but did a/+*ledge t2at i+ .*st /ases/*+tr*l ab*-e t2e statut*ry .i+i.u. as +*t /*st(ee/ti-e0 T2is/*+/lusi*+ as su33*rted by t2e /*..e+ts re/ei-ed, a+d by t2e i+ala+alysis 3rese+ted 2ere0

"0 !2ase II Re*r.ulated #as*li+e 'ta+dards a+d NOJINFK 'ta+dards *rRe*r.ulated #as*li+e

T2e *ll*i+g se/ti*+s e3lai+ t2e de-el*3.e+t * t2e VO" sta+dards*r !2ase II re*r.ulated gas*li+e, a+d t2e NOJINFK sta+dards E!A issetti+g *r gas*li+e s*ld i+ RF# areas ater 19990 T2e i+al sta+dardsare su..ari7ed i+ subse/ti*+ C bel*0

10 VO" 'ta+dards 8e-el*3.e+t@0

C0 Table VI(1 s2*s t2e i+/re.e+tal uel 3ara.eter /*+tr*l /*sts,40 e.issi*+s redu/ti*+s, a+d /*st(ee/ti-e+ess /al/ulated by E!A *r use=0 i+ setti+g t2e VO" e.issi*+s sta+dards0 T2e s3e/ii/ uel 3ara.eter60 /2a+ges s2*+ i+ t2e table are *+ly ea.3les rei+ers .ay a/2ie-e t2e)0 re5uired sta+dards by a+y /*.bi+ati*+ * uel /*.3*+e+t /*+tr*ls&0 resulti+g i+ t2e re5uired e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e0 E!A re/ei-ed90 /*+li/ti+g /*..e+ts regardi+g 2i/2 3ara.eters *uld liely be1%0/*+tr*lled t* .eet t2e 3r*3*sed sta+dards i+ a /*st ee/ti-e .a++er0110 As de.*+strated i+ t2e RIA, E!A 2as used all a-ailable i+*r.ati*+ t*[email protected]+e 2i/2 3ara.eters /a+ be /*+tr*lled i+ a /*st ee/ti-e .a++er1C0t* a/2ie-e VO" e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s0



E@%% t* 4400000 %0C& @)0) C),%%% 14,%%% E@%% t* 4)00000 10C@ @&04 C6,%%% 1=,%%% E@%% t* =%00000 @09) @90% 96,%%% 1&,%%%

P1Pased *+ /*sts a+d e.issi*+s redu/ti*+s *r VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ @+*rt2er+ areas;0 Assu.es all /*sts all*/ated t* VO" /*+tr*l0P@PRV! /*+tr*l d*+ t* 60= 3si, t2e li.it /*+sidered reas*+able at t2is3*i+t i+ ti.e *r dri-eability 3ur3*ses, *uld i+/rease t2is -alue t*@)0@ at a si.ilar /*st(ee/ti-e+ess le-el0

As t2e i+*r.ati*+ i+ t2e Table VI(1 s2*s, RV! /*+tr*l d*+ t* 60)3si a/2ie-es -irtually all * t2e VO" e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s t2at area/2ie-able at less t2a+ =,%%% 3er i+/re.e+tal t*+ * VO"redu/ed0J'!K@4 'ulur /a+ be redu/ed t* a le-el * a33r*i.ately @=%33. at a+ i+/re.e+tal /*st(ee/ti-e+ess * less t2a+ =,%%% 3er t*+,gai+i+g a+ additi*+al %06 VO" redu/ti*+, t* a/2ie-e a t*tal redu/ti*+*+ a-erage; * @6010 RV! /*uld als* be redu/ed urt2er t* 60= 3si,t2e le-el /urre+tly /*+sidered a reas*+able li.it *r dri-eability3ur3*ses, t* *btai+ a+ additi*+al 101 redu/ti*+ *r a t*tal *@)0@;0 I+/re.e+tal /2a+ges i+ uel 3ara.eters *t2er t2a+ RV! 2a-e *+lya .argi+al ee/t *+ VO" e.issi*+s a+d /a+ be -ery /*stly less t2a+ a+additi*+al *+e 3er/e+t redu/ti*+ *uld be a/2ie-ed at a sig+ii/a+tly2ig2er i+/re.e+tal /*st * *-er 1%,%%%Lt*+ VO"0 I+ s3ite * t2eu+/ertai+ty i+ t2e /*st esti.ates used, t2e le-el * VO" /*+tr*l t2atis /*st ee/ti-e is relati-ely i+se+siti-e t* -ariati*+s i+ /*st duet* t2e a/t t2at a+yt2i+g *t2er t2a+ RV! a+d t2e irst i+/re.e+t *sulur /*+tr*l /auses t2e /*sts t* es/alate dra.ati/ally, .ai+g/*+tr*l * *t2er 3ara.eters /*st i+ee/ti-e0

P@P4N*te t2at t2e /*st * t2is le-el * redu/ti*+ i+/re.e+tal t*t2e e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s a/2ie-ed by !2ase I RF# is sig+ii/a+tlyless t2a+ 1,%%%Lt*+ VO"0

T2e /*st(ee/ti-e+ess * VO" /*+tr*l i+ !2ase II RF# 3rese+ted i+Table VI(1 2as bee+ /*.3ared t* t2e /*st(ee/ti-e+ess * *t2erstati*+ary a+d .*bile s*ur/e VO" /*+tr*l strategies0 As su..ari7ed i+t2e RIA, a re-ie * t2e esti.ated /*st(ee/ti-e+ess * /*+tr*lli+gVO" e.issi*+s r*. stati*+ary s*ur/es yielded a ide ra+ge * -alues0Ma+y * t2e eisti+g VO" /*+tr*l strategies 2a-e .i+i.al /*sts *r e-e+



result i+ sa-i+gs0 D*e-er, a +u.ber * VO" /*+tr*l *3ti*+s 2a-esig+ii/a+t /*sts ass*/iated it2 t2e.0 F*r ea.3le, t2e esti.ated/*st(ee/ti-e+ess * redu/i+g e.issi*+s r*. aut*.*bile a+d lig2ttru/ /*ati+g *3erati*+s i+ asse.bly 3la+ts is 1,%%%(4,%%%Lt*+ VO"0Redu/i+g e.issi*+s r*. t2e 3r*du/ti*+ * 3+eu.ati/ rubber tires is

esti.ated t* /*st betee+ 1=% a+d 1&,&%% 3er t*+ * VO" redu/ed,de3e+di+g *+ t2e *3erati*+ t* 2i/2 /*+tr*l is a33lied0 "*+tr*l *e.issi*+s r*. l*ati+g r** ta+s used *r st*rage * 3etr*leu.li5uids /a+ /*st u3 t* C,)%%Lt*+ VO" redu/ed0 Redu/i+g e.issi*+s r*.t2e 3r*du/ti*+ * 2ig2 de+sity 3*lyet2yle+e, 3*ly3r*3yle+e, a+d3*lystyre+e resi+s /a+ /*st betee+ 1,%%% a+d C,%%%Lt*+ VO" redu/edde3e+di+g *+ t2e le-el * /*+tr*l0

"*+tr*l * VO" e.issi*+s r*. .*bile s*ur/es si.ilarly is esti.atedsee t2e RIA; t* result i+ a ide ra+ge * /*st(ee/ti-e+ess -alues,de3e+di+g *+ t2e ty3e * 3r*gra. a+d le-el * /*+tr*l a/2ie-ed0E+2a+/ed i+s3e/ti*+ a+d .ai+te+a+/e ILM; 3r*gra.s ill /*st betee+9%%(1,)%%Lt*+ VO" redu/ed, 2ile basi/ ILM as esti.ated t* /*st=,4%%Lt*+ VO"0J'!K@= T2e Tier 1 sta+dards *r lig2t duty -e2i/lesalready i.3le.e+ted *r t2e 1994 .*del year; ere esti.ated t* /*stab*ut 6,%%%Lt*+ VO"0

P@P=>>I+s3e/ti*+LMai+te+a+/e !r*gra. Re5uire.e+ts,?? Fi+al Rule,=) FR =@9&4, N*-e.ber =, 199@0

@0 NOJINFK 'ta+dards 8e-el*3.e+t B2ile se/ti*+ @11;@;A; * t2e A/t s3e/iies t2at t2ere be +*+et i+/rease i+ NOJINFK e.issi*+s *-er baseli+e le-els; resulti+gr*. t2e use * re*r.ulated gas*li+e, b*t2 a Nati*+al Resear/2 "*u+/ilstudyJ'!K@6 a+d a study 3re3ared *r E!AJ'!K@) 2a-e i+di/ated t2atadditi*+al NOJINFK redu/ti*+s /*uld sig+ii/a+tly redu/e *7*+e*r.ati*+ i+ .a+y areas0 #as*li+e -e2i/les /*+tributed @%(C= * t*talurba+ NOJINFK i+-e+t*ries i+ 199% a+d are e3e/ted t* /*+tributesi.ilar a.*u+ts i+ @%%%0J'!K@& As ide+tiied i+ subse/ti*+ A01 ab*-e,se/ti*+ @11/; * t2e A/t gi-es t2e Age+/y br*ad regulat*ry aut2*rityt* regulate .*t*r -e2i/le uel 5uality i a+y e.issi*+ 3r*du/t * su/2uel /auses *r /*+tributes t* air 3*lluti*+ 2i/2 .ay reas*+ably bea+ti/i3ated t* e+da+ger 3ubli/ 2ealt2 *r elare0 ased *+ t2e re3*rts



/ited ab*-e, *t2er E!A *r i+ a.bie+t *7*+e a+alysis, a+d t2eaut2*rity gra+ted E!A u+der se/ti*+ @11/;, E!A 3r*3*sed setti+g aNOJINFK e.issi*+ redu/ti*+ sta+dard i+ /*++e/ti*+ it2 t2e !2ase IIsta+dards t* urt2er redu/e *7*+e *r.ati*+ duri+g t2e 2ig2 *7*+eseas*+0

P@P6 >>Ret2i+i+g t2e O7*+e !r*ble. i+ rba+ a+d Regi*+al Air!*lluti*+,?? Nati*+al Resear/2 "*u+/il, 8e/e.ber 1&, 19910 P@P) >>M*deli+g t2e Ee/ts * Re*r.ulated #as*li+es *+ O7*+ea+d T*i/s "*+/e+trati*+s i+ t2e alti.*re a+d D*ust*+ Areas,??3re3ared *r E!A,O!!E,A! by 'yste.s A33li/ati*+s I+ter+ati*+al,'e3te.ber C%, 199@0

P@P&B2ile Tier I -e2i/les, 2i/2 2a-e l*er NOJINFK e.issi*+st2a+ /*+-e+ti*+al -e2i/les, ill be e+teri+g t2e leet, t2ey ill2a-e *+ly 2ad i-e years t* dis3la/e *lder, dirtier /ars by @%%%0

A+ti/i3ated gr*t2 i+ -e2i/le .iles tra-elled ill *set a+ye.issi*+s be+eits gai+ed r*. t2e use * /lea+er /ars0

A +u.ber * as3e/ts * t2e RF# 3r*gra. lead +aturally t* a */us *+NOJINFK /*+tr*l0 First, !2ase II RF# is */used *+ t2e *rst *7*+e+*+attai+.e+t areas0 'e/*+d, t2ese areas ill be re5uired t* use VO"/*+tr*lled !2ase II RF# *+ly duri+g t2e ti.e * t2e year 2e+ /*+tr*lis +eeded t2e su..er .*+t2s;0 T2ird, s3e/ial uel distributi*+ *r RF#ill already be i+ 3la/e i+ t2ese areas .a+y * t2e /*sts * 3r*du/i+ga+d distributi+g t2is +e gas*li+e ill 2a-e bee+ i+/urred as a result* t2e !2ase II 3r*gra.0 F*urt2, E!A 2as s2*+ i+ t2e RIA a+d t2e*ll*i+g se/ti*+s; t2at gas*li+e /a+ be rei+ed /*st(ee/ti-ely t*redu/e NOJINFK e.issi*+s0

E!A sees little be+eit i+ /reati+g a se/*+d gas*li+e 3r*gra.,2i/2 *uld liely dier *+ly slig2tly r*. RF# i+ t2e ge*gra32i/areas ae/ted, t* /*+tr*l NOJINFK e.issi*+s0 A large seg.e+t * t2ei+dustry is already .ai+g t2e /2a+ges +e/essary t* /*.3ly it2 t2e!2ase I RF# sta+dards i+ 199& relati-e t* t2e statut*ry baseli+e *rsulur a+d *lei+ le-els a+d all *t2er 3ara.eters dei+ed;0 T2ere*re,.a+y rei+ers ill be assessi+g t2e +eed *r sulur a+d *lei+ /*+tr*li+ t2e +et e years t* e+sure t2ey /*.3ly it2 t2e +* NOJINFKi+/rease re5uire.e+t * t2e A/t0 !r*.ulgated se3arately, a NOJINFK



sta+dard *uld re5uire rei+ers t* .ae /2a+ges t* t2eir rei+eries i+additi*+ t* t2*se already .ade t* /*.3ly it2 !2ase I RF# a+d t2e !2aseII VO" a+d t*i/s sta+dards, 3er2a3s .ai+g s*.e * t2e *rigi+alrei+ery /2a+ges *bs*lete0 y e+a/ti+g a NOJINFK e.issi*+s redu/ti*+s3r*gra. at t2is ti.e E!A 2*3es t* a-*id t2is /*+/er+0 E!A belie-es t2at

i+ l*/ati*+s 2ere re*r.ulated gas*li+e is *u+d +e/essary t* redu/et2e *r.ati*+ * *7*+e, a NOJINFK sta+dard is a33r*3riate as ell, asdis/ussed bel* a+d i+ 'e/ti*+ VI * t2e RIA0 T2e Age+/y re/ei-ed .a+y /*..e+ts ab*ut t2e 3r*3*sed NOJINFKsta+dards0 '*.e /*..e+ters /lai.ed it as /*u+ter t* t2e regulat*ry+eg*tiati*+ agree.e+t0 T2is /*+/er+ 2as bee+ addressed i+ se/ti*+ Aab*-e0 Ot2ers elt t2at NOJINFK /*+tr*l s2*uld be /*+sidered *+ al*/al basis t* .eet l*/al +eeds a+d t2us s2*uld +*t be 3art * a+ati*+al uel 3r*gra.0 A+*t2er stated t2at states s2*uld 2a-e t*de.*+strate t2e +eed *r .*bile s*ur/e NOJINFK /*+tr*l be*re E!Are5uired it0 '*.e /*..e+ters su33*rted NOJINFK /*+tr*l based *+ t2e/*st(ee/ti-e+ess a+alysis 3rese+ted i+ t2e 3r*3*sal be/ause * t2esi.ilarity it2 t2e /*sts * *t2er /urre+t NOJINFK /*+tr*l 3r*gra.s0O+e /*..e+t suggested t2at E!A /*+tr*l NOJINFK by eli.i+ati+g t2e*yge+ re5uire.e+t usi+g t2e aut2*rity gra+ted i+ se/ti*+ @11;@;A;0It as als* 5uesti*+ed 2et2er E!A 2ad satisied t2e re5uire.e+ts t*use t2e aut2*rity gra+ted i+ se/ti*+ @11/; regardi+g t2e su33*rti+gi+*r.ati*+ 3rese+ted i+ t2e 3r*3*sal0 T2e re.ai+der * t2is se/ti*+3rese+ts E!A?s res3*+se t* t2ese /*+/er+s additi*+al detail .ay be*u+d i+ t2e RIA0

a0 '/ie+tii/ ustii/ati*+ *r NOJINFK /*+tr*l0 As dis/ussed i+t2e RIA, a re/e+t study by t2e Nati*+al Resear/2 "*u+/il NR";i+di/ated t2at VO" /*+tr*l al*+e is * .i+i.al be+eit t* *7*+e+*+attai+.e+t areas su/2 as D*ust*+ 2i/2 2a-e 2ig2 VO" t* NOJINFKrati*s i+ t2e a.bie+t air0J'!K@9 T2e NR" study a+d *r by E!AJ'!KC%a+d *t2ersJ'!KC1 2a-e als* i+di/ated t2at NOJINFK /*+tr*l is a+ee/ti-e *7*+e /*+tr*l strategy *r t2e +*rt2east i+/ludi+g Ne $*r"*++e/ti/uta+d *st*+(Mai+e; as ell as t2e ae Mi/2iga+ regi*+Milauee, "2i/ag*, a+d Museg*+;0 I+ ge+eral, .a+y studies 2a-e s2*+t2at NOJINFK /*+tr*l al*+e .ay be 2el3ul i+ a/2ie-i+g *7*+eredu/ti*+s i+ s*.e areas, t2*ug2 +*t +e/essarily i+ all areas, agai+de3e+di+g *+ t2e VO" t* NOJINFK rati*s0 Redu/ti*+s i+ e.issi*+s *b*t2 VO" a+d NOJINFK s2*uld be+eit all areas, 2*e-er0 T2*se areast2at d* +*t be+eit r*. t2e redu/ti*+ i+ NOJINFK e.issi*+s s2*uldbe+eit r*. t2e large redu/ti*+ i+ VO" e.issi*+s t2at ill be a/2ie-edby !2ase II RF#0



P@P9Nati*+al Resear/2 "*u+/il, Ret2i+i+g t2e O7*+e !r*ble. i+rba+ a+d Regi*+al Air !*lluti*+, Nati*+al A/ade.y !ress,Bas2i+gt*+, 80"0, 19910

PCP%0'0 E!A, Regi*+al O7*+e M*delli+g *r N*rt2east Tra+s3*rtROMNET;, E!A Re3*rt 4=%L4(91(%%@a, <u+e 19910 PCP1'ee t2e RIA *r additi*+al reere+/es0

T2ere are als* +*+(*7*+e be+eits * NOJINFK /*+tr*l, su/2 asredu/ti*+s i+ e.issi*+s leadi+g t* a/id rai+ *r.ati*+, redu/ti*+s i+t*i/ +itrated 3*ly/y/li/ ar*.ati/ /*.3*u+ds, l*er se/*+dary airb*r+e3arti/ulate i0e0 a..*+iu. +itrate; *r.ati*+, redu/ed +itratede3*siti*+ r*. rai+, i.3r*-ed -isibility, a+d l*er le-els * +itr*ge+di*ide0 A /*.3lete dis/ussi*+ * t2ese be+eits /a+ be *u+d i+ t2eRIA0 A NOJINFK sta+dard als* s2*uld ee/ti-ely 3r*te/t agai+st a+i+/rease i+ t2e *lei+ /*+te+t * t2e uel, redu/i+g /*+/er+ *-er a3*ssible i+/rease i+ t2e rea/ti-ity * -e2i/le e.issi*+s0 b0 "*+siderati*+ * se/ti*+ @%@ .*t*r -e2i/le /*+tr*ls0 e*re/*+tr*lli+g *r 3r*2ibiti+g a uel *r uel additi-e u+der se/ti*+@11/;1;A;, t2e Ad.i+istrat*r .ust /*+sider >>*t2er te/2+*l*gi/ally*r e/*+*.i/ally easible .ea+s * a/2ie-i+g e.issi*+ sta+dards u+derse/ti*+ [@%@]0?? T2is 2as bee+ i+ter3reted as re5uiri+g /*+siderati*+* regulati*+ t2r*ug2 .*t*r -e2i/le sta+dards u+der se/ti*+ @%@ 3ri*rt* regulati*+ * uels *r uel additi-es u+der se/ti*+ @11/;1;A;[Et2yl "*r30 -0 E+-ir*+.e+tal !r*t0 Ag/y0, =41 F0@d 1, C@ 80"0 "ir019)6;]0 T2is d*es +*t establis2 a .a+dat*ry 3reere+/e *r -e2i/le/*+tr*ls *-er uel /*+tr*ls, but i+stead /alls *r t2e g**d ait2/*+siderati*+ * .*t*r -e2i/le sta+dards be*re i.3*siti*+ * uel/*+tr*ls [=41 F0@d at C@ +066]0 T2is rele/ts "*+gress? re/*g+iti*+t2at uel /*+tr*ls u+der se/ti*+ @11/;1;A; .ig2t l*gi/ally i+-*l-e/*+tr*ls *+ uel /*.3*siti*+ itsel, 2ile -e2i/le sta+dards u+derse/ti*+ @%@ are ge+erally 3er*r.a+/e sta+dards, regulati+g -e2i/lee.issi*+s a+d +*t t2e desig+ *r stru/ture * t2e -e2i/le0 Fuel /*+tr*ls.ig2t t2ere*re lead t* greater g*-er+.e+t i+-*l-e.e+t i+ t2eregulati*+ * t2e .a+ua/turi+g 3r*/ess t2a+ *uld be e3e/ted r*.-e2i/le /*+tr*ls [=41 F0@d at 11 +01C]0 "*+gress addressed t2is /*+/er+ by re5uiri+g age+/y>>/*+siderati*+?? * -e2i/le sta+dards u+der se/ti*+ @%@ be*rei.3*siti*+ * uel /*+tr*ls u+der se/ti*+ @11/;1;A;0 It is i.3*rta+tt* +*te t2at t2e Ad.i+istrat*r .ust i+ g**d ait2 /*+sider su/2 -e2i/le/*+tr*ls, but retai+s ull dis/reti*+ i+ de/idi+g 2et2er t* ad*3teit2er uel *r -e2i/le /*+tr*ls, *r b*t2 [=41 F0@d at C@ +066]0 I+ e-aluati+g .*t*r -e2i/le /*+tr*ls u+der se/ti*+ @%@ i+ t2is



/*+tet, t2e irst .a*r 3*i+t t* /*+sider is t2at E!A 2as alreadyi.3*sed .*re stri+ge+t NOJINFK /*+tr*l sta+dards *+ .*t*r -e2i/les0T2e Tier 1 sta+dards *r lig2t(duty .*t*r -e2i/les a+d tru/s re5uireredu/ti*+s i+ lig2t(duty .*t*r -e2i/le NOJINFK e.issi*+s starti+g it2.*del year 1994, it2 a 3er/e+tage 32ase(i+ * t2e .*re stri+ge+t Tier

1 sta+dards u+til t2ey a33ly t* all +e .*del year 1996 a+d laterlig2t(duty -e2i/les a+d tru/s0 T2ese -e2i/les are als* re5uired t*.eet i+(use sta+dards0J'!KC@ F*r 2ea-y(duty -e2i/les, E!A re/e+tlyredu/ed t2e NOJINFK sta+dard t* 4 gLb23(2r, starti+g it2 .*del year199& [=& FR 1=)&1, Mar/2 @4, 199C]

PCP@=6 FR @=)@4, <u+e =, 19910 Als*, +*te t2at t2e Tier 1sta+dards a33ly t* lig2t(duty tru/s it2 a l*aded -e2i/le eig2trati+g * C,)=% lbs0 *r less0

B2ile t2ese .*t*r -e2i/le a+d .*t*r -e2i/le e+gi+e /*+tr*ls aree3e/ted t* redu/e .*bile s*ur/e e.issi*+s * NOJINFK, t2is result isli.ited by /ertai+ basi/ a/ts0 First, t2e sta+dards *+ly a33ly t* +e.*t*r -e2i/les a+d e+gi+es0 It ill t2ere*re tae se-eral years atert2e irst .*del year * t2e sta+dards be*re -e2i/les a+d e+gi+es/ertiied t* t2ese sta+dards ill .ae u3 a sig+ii/a+t 3*rti*+ * t2e.*t*r -e2i/le leet0J'!KCC I+ additi*+, it is e3e/ted t2at e.issi*+sredu/ti*+s based *+ t2e redu/ti*+ i+ t2e NOJINFK sta+dard ill be*set t* a sig+ii/a+t ete+t by a+ i+/rease, *-er ti.e, i+ t*tal-e2i/le .iles tra-elled0

PCPCAs su33*rted by t2e MOIE=a .*del, =& FR @94%9, May @%,199C0

I+ additi*+ t* .*t*r -e2i/le /*+tr*ls u+der se/ti*+ @%@, E!A 2asre/e+tly ad*3ted *r 3r*3*sed *t2er /*+tr*ls ai.ed at i+(use NOJINFK



e.issi*+s r*. .*bile s*ur/es0 T2e e+2a+/ed i+s3e/ti*+ a+d .ai+te+a+/eILM; rules /all *r use * t2ese .*re stri+ge+t ILM 3r*/eduresstarti+g it2 1996 [=) FR =@9=%, N*-e.ber =, 199@]0 E!A 2as als*3r*3*sed sta+dards t2at *uld li.it NOJINFK e.issi*+s r*. +e large2*rse3*er diesel +*+(r*ad e+gi+es, 3ursua+t t* se/ti*+ @1C * t2e A/t

[=& FR @&&%9, May 1), 199C]0 B2ile e+2a+/ed ILM 3r*gra.s ill dire/tlyae/t t2e .*t*r -e2i/le leet, t2e +*+(r*ad e+gi+e regulati*+s aresi.ilar t* t2e .*t*r -e2i/le regulati*+s u+der se/ti*+ @%@ i+ t2at t2ey*uld a33ly t* +e +*+(r*ad e+gi+es *+ly, a+d t2ere*re i+-*l-e a/ertai+ ti.e be*re a sig+ii/a+t 3*rti*+ * t2is /ateg*ry * +*+(r*ade+gi+es is re3la/ed by +e e+gi+es /ertiied t* .eet t2e NOJINFKsta+dards0

Additi*+al .*bile s*ur/e /*+tr*ls, 2et2er u+der se/ti*+ @%@ *ru+der *t2er aut2*rity su/2 as des/ribed ab*-e, .ay ell be /*stee/ti-e a+d reas*+able *3ti*+s t2at E!A .ig2t de/ide t* ad*3t0D*e-er, t2ere are /ertai+ li.itati*+s i.3*sed by "*+gress *+ ad*3ti*+* .*re stri+ge+t sta+dards >>Tier @ sta+dards??;0 F*r ea.3le,"*+gress s3elled *ut 2e+ a+d u+der 2at /*+diti*+s E!A .ay 3r*.ulgate.*re stri+ge+t NOJINFK sta+dards *r lig2t(duty -e2i/les a+d tru/s0"*+gress re5uired t2at E!A /*+du/t a study *+ 2et2er .*re stri+ge+tsta+dards *r lig2t(duty -e2i/les a+d tru/s s2*uld be ad*3ted, a+dre3*rt ba/ t* "*+gress +* later t2a+ <u+e 1, 199) [se/ti*+ @%@i; 1;,@;]0 ased *+ t2e study E!A .ust /*+du/t a rule.ai+g t* deter.i+e2et2er t2ere is a +eed *r su/2 urt2er redu/ti*+s, 2et2er t2ete/2+*l*gy ill be a-ailable *r su/2 redu/ti*+s, a+d 2et2er urt2erredu/ti*+s i+ e.issi*+s r*. su/2 -e2i/les ill be /*st ee/ti-e0 It2ese deter.i+ati*+s are .ade i+ t2e air.ati-e, t2e+ E!A *uld3r*/eed t* 3r*.ulgate e.issi*+s sta+dards t2at are .*re stri+ge+t t2a+t2e Tier 1 sta+dards [se/ti*+ @%@i;C;";]0 I E!A d*es 3r*.ulgate.*re stri+ge+t sta+dards, t2ey .ay +*t tae ee/t a+y earlier t2a+.*del year @%%4, a+d +* later t2a+ .*del year @%%60 It is /lear r*. t2is t2at E!A 2as +*t, at t2is ti.e, /*.3leted t2ele+gt2y 3r*/ess *r deter.i+i+g 2et2er *r +*t .*re stri+ge+t sta+dardss2*uld be establis2ed *r lig2t(duty -e2i/les a+d tru/s u+der se/ti*+@%@i;0 "*+gress establis2ed a detailed 3r*-isi*+ s3elli+g *ut t2e3r*/edures t* *ll* a+d t2e substa+ti-e deter.i+ati*+s t2at .ust be.ade be*re su/2 /*+tr*ls /*uld be ad*3ted0 T2ere is +* i+di/ati*+, a+dE!A d*es +*t belie-e, t2at t2ese .a+dated 3r*/edures a+d /riteria3re/lude t2e eer/ise * dis/reti*+ u+der se/ti*+ @11/;1;A; 3ri*r t*/*.3leti*+ * t2e rule.ai+g u+der se/ti*+ @%@i;0 "*+gress re5uiredt2at E!A /*+sider .*t*r -e2i/le /*+tr*ls, but did +*t establis2 a.a+dat*ry 3reere+/e *r su/2 /*+tr*ls a+d did +*t 3re/lude t2ead*3ti*+ * uel /*+tr*ls 3ri*r t* a de/isi*+ *+ Tier @ .*t*r -e2i/lesta+dards0



I+ a+y /ase, it is /lear t2at a de/isi*+ t* i.3*se .*re stri+ge+tNOJINFK sta+dards *r lig2t(duty -e2i/les a+d tru/s u+der se/ti*+@%@i; /*uld +*t tae ee/t 3ri*r t* .*del year @%%40 It *uld t2e+tae se-eral years be*re a sig+ii/a+t 3*rti*+ * t2e i+(use leet

*uld i+/lude -e2i/les *r tru/s /ertiied t* a NOJINFK sta+dard .*restri+ge+t t2a+ t2e Tier 1 sta+dard0 A si.ilar situati*+ *uld a33ly t*a .*re stri+ge+t NOJINFK sta+dard *r 2ea-y(duty e+gi+es0 T2e.a+dat*ry leadti.e a+d stability 3r*-isi*+ * se/ti*+ @%@a;C;";*uld 3re/lude i.3*siti*+ * .*re stri+ge+t NOJINFK sta+dards *r2ea-y(duty e+gi+es u+til .*del year @%%1 at t2e earliest0 It *uldagai+ tae se-eral years be*re a sig+ii/a+t 3*rti*+ * t2e i+(use2ea-y(duty leet /*+tai+ed e+gi+es /ertiied t* a .*re stri+ge+tNOJINFK sta+dard0 F*r +*+(r*ad e+gi+es a+d -e2i/les, E!A e3e/ts t*/*+ti+ue t* e3l*re NOJINFK /*+tr*ls0 ut as it2 .*t*r -e2i/les, a+y+e *r .*re stri+ge+t NOJINFK sta+dards ill *+ly a33ly t* +e +*+r*ade+gi+es, ater 3r*-idi+g a reas*+able 3eri*d *r leadti.e0 T2eee/t *+ i+(use e.issi*+s is delayed based *+ t2e ti.e +eeded be*re+e +*+(r*ad e+gi+es re3la/e earlier .*dels0 #i-e+ t2ese /ir/u.sta+/es, t2ere are se-eral i.3*rta+t reas*+s 2y3r*.ulgati*+ * a NOJINFK redu/ti*+ sta+dard *r re*r.ulated gas*li+eis i.3*rta+t, 2et2er *r +*t additi*+al -e2i/le *r e+gi+e /*+tr*ls arelater ad*3ted by t2e Age+/y0 First, e.issi*+s redu/ti*+s r*. t2eNOJINFK 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard *uld start as s**+ as t2e sta+dard isa33li/able, it2 +* delay based *+ leet tur+*-er ti.e0 'ig+ii/a+tNOJINFK e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s *uld be a/2ie-ed rig2t aay, i+ t2esu..er * @%%%, 2ile .*re stri+ge+t lig2t(duty *r 2ea-y(duty sta+dards*uld +*t be e3e/ted t* sig+ii/a+tly ae/t i+(use e.issi*+s u+til.u/2 later i+ t2at de/ade0 'e/*+d, a NOJINFK redu/ti*+ sta+dard *rre*r.ulated gas*li+e *uld a/t t* redu/e e.issi*+s r*. all .*biles*ur/es t2at use gas*li+e, 2et2er *+(r*ad *r *(r*ad, 2ile se/ti*+@%@ *r se/ti*+ @1C sta+dards *+ly a/t t* li.it e.issi*+s r*. +ee+gi+es *r -e2i/les i+ t2at s3e/ii/ /ateg*ry * .*bile s*ur/es0 T2ird,t2is uel /*+tr*l is s3e/ii/ally ai.ed at areas * t2e /*u+try t2atare i+ +*+attai+.e+t *r *7*+e, a+d is li.ited i+ ti.e t* t2at 3art *t2e year 2e+ *7*+e is * .*st /*+/er+0 Ve2i/le *r e+gi+e /*+tr*ls, i+/*+trast, a33ly t* all +e e+gi+es *r -e2i/les, 2ere-er t2ey are used,t2r*ug2*ut t2e year0 T2is uel /*+tr*l t2us all*s a .*re +arr*regulat*ry s*luti*+ ai.ed at t2e s3e/ii/ ge*gra32i/al areas a+d ti.e3eri*ds 2e+ /*+tr*l is +eeded0 F*urt2, t2e e3e/ted i+/rease i+-e2i/le .iles tra-elled *-er ti.e leads E!A t* belie-e t2at t2is uel/*+tr*l is +eeded t* /*+ti+ue t* a/2ie-e t2e i+(use NOJINFK e.issi*+redu/ti*+s +e/essary *r .a+y areas * t2e /*u+try t* rea/2 attai+.e+t*r *7*+e0 Fi+ally, t2e NOJINFK uel sta+dard ad*3ted 2ere .i+i.i7esa+y /*+/er+ t2ere .ig2t be t2at a uel /*+tr*l *uld te+d t* i+tererei+ t2e 3r*du/ti*+ 3r*/ess by dire/ti+g rei+ers *+ 2* t* .ae t2eir3r*du/t0 T2e NOJINFK sta+dard is +*t a uel re/i3e, but i+stead



establis2es a 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard, lea-i+g rei+ers ree t* 3r*du/et2eir gas*li+e i+ a+y ay t2at a/2ie-es t2e desired redu/ti*+s0 E!A is +*t at t2is ti.e deter.i+i+g 2et2er additi*+al -e2i/le *re+gi+e NOJINFK /*+tr*ls s2*uld be ad*3ted u+der se/ti*+ @%@ *r a+y*t2er 3r*-isi*+ * t2e A/t0 I+stead, based *+ all * t2e ab*-e, E!A

belie-es t2at a NOJINFK redu/ti*+ sta+dard *r re*r.ulated gas*li+eu+der se/ti*+ @11/;1;A; is a+ a33r*3riate eer/ise * dis/reti*+,2et2er *r +*t t2e age+/y i.3*ses additi*+al -e2i/le *r e+gi+e NOJINFK/*+tr*ls i+ t2e uture0

/0 "*st(ee/ti-e+ess * NOJINFK /*+tr*l i+ RF#0 E!A 2as e-aluatedt2e /*st(ee/ti-e+ess * NOJINFK /*+tr*l usi+g t2e sa.e /*sts t2atere used i+ establis2i+g t2e sta+dard *r VO" /*+tr*l0 T2e results aresu..ari7ed i+ Table VI(@ bel*0 T2e table i+di/ates t2at sulur is t2e*+ly uel 3ara.eter t2at results i+ sig+ii/a+t NOJINFK redu/ti*+s ata reas*+able /*st0 "2a+ges i+ uel 3ara.eters *t2er t2a+ sulur 2a-e*+ly a s.all ee/t *+ NOJINFK e.issi*+s at sig+ii/a+tly 2ig2er/*sts, it2 t2e 3*ssible e/e3ti*+ * *lei+ /*+tr*l 2i/2 *uldi+/rease VO" at t2e sa.e ti.e it redu/ed NOJINFK;0 A NOJINFKredu/ti*+ * a33r*i.ately 60& /*uld be a/2ie-ed it2 sulur /*+tr*ld*+ t* a33r*i.ately 1C& 33. at a reas*+able /*st, 2et2er /*.3ared *+t2e basis * t2e /*st * t2e last i+/re.e+t * redu/ti*+ =0& t* 60&NOJINFK; *r t2e *-erall /*st i+/re.e+tal t* !2ase I RF# redu/ti*+s0

Table VI(@0((Fuel !ara.eter "*+tr*l "*sts a+d NOJINFK Redu/ti*+sP1P

I+/re.e+tal

Fuel 3ara.eter /*st "u.ulati-e I+/re.e+tal I+/re.e+tal /*+tr*l /e+tsLgal; redu/ti*+ /*st(e0 t* 32ase I 3er/e+t; Lt*+; Lt*+;P@P

!2ase I: RV!: &0% 3si, Oyge+: @01t 3er/e+t, e+7e+e: %09= 3er/e+t000000000 RV! t* 60) 3si000 00000000000 %04

'ulur t* @=% 33. %01@ @04 1,C%% C,@%%'ulur t* 16% 33. %0=6 =0& C,)%% C,=%%'ulur t* 1C& 33. %0@4 60& =,@%% C,)%%



'ulur t* 1%% 33. %0=@ &0) 6,@%% 4,@%%Olei+s t* &0%

-*l 3er/e+t00000 %0)& 1%0& &,%%% =,%%% Ar*.ati/s t* @%

-*l 3er/e+t00000 @0%1 1109 4%,%%% &,@%%Oyge+ t* @0) -*l

3er/e+t000000000 %061 1@0= @=,%%% &,9%%Olei+s t* =0%

-*l 3er/e+t00000 @0)) 1401 C),%%% 1@,%%%EC%% t* &&

3er/e+t000000000 %0C= 1401 (; 1C,%%%EC%% t* 91

3er/e+t000000000 @0%1 140@ &@%,%%% 16,%%%E@%% t* 44

3er/e+t000000000 %0C& 1C09 (; 1),%%%E@%% t* 4)

3er/e+t000000000 10C@ 1C0) (; 19,%%%E@%% t* =%

3er/e+t000000000 @09) 1C0= (; @4,%%%

P1Pased *+ /*sts a+d e.issi*+s redu/ti*+s *r VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ @+*rt2er+ areas;0 Assu.es all /*sts all*/ated t* NOJINFK /*+tr*l0 "*stee/ti-e+ess -alues ill be slig2tly l*er i /redit gi-e+ *r t2eVO" redu/ti*+s t2at als* result it2 s*.e * t2e uel /2a+ges0

P@PNOJINFK /*st ee/ti-e+ess i+/re.e+tal t* a !2ase II VO" sta+dard *uldbe slig2tly l*er, es3e/ially *r t2e irst e i+/re.e+ts0

A NOJINFK e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ * 60& *uld be slig2tly less t2a+2al * t2at a/2ie-ed r*. "ali*r+ia !2ase II re*r.ulated gas*li+e,si+/e "ali*r+ia re5uires sulur redu/ti*+ t* a33r*i.ately C%33.,J'!KC4 ar*.ati/s redu/ti*+ t* @@ -*l, *lei+s redu/ti*+ t* 4-*l, a+d /*+tr*l * uel distillati*+ 3ara.eters0J'!KC= D*e-er, t2e/*st(ee/ti-e+ess * 3r*du/i+g a uel it2 t2e re5uire.e+ts *"ali*r+ia !2ase II RF# i+ a +ati*+al 3r*gra. *uld be etre.ely 3**rr*ug2ly a+ *rder * .ag+itude 2ig2er; relati-e t* t2at * t2esta+dards bei+g set t*day0



PCP4All -alues based *+ t2e a-eragi+g sta+dard0

PCP=ased *+ t2e sa.e .et2*d*l*gy used t* deter.i+e t2e )0%NOJINFK redu/ti*+ *r ederal RF# usi+g t2e /*.3le .*del;,"ali*r+ia !2ase II RF# is esti.ated t* a/2ie-e a NOJINFK redu/ti*+* ab*ut 14060

d0 "*st(ee/ti-e+ess * *t2er NOJINFK /*+tr*l strategies0 T2e/*st(ee/ti-e+ess * a 60& NOJINFK sta+dard 2as bee+ /*.3ared t* t2e/*st(ee/ti-e+ess * *t2er eisti+g a+d 3la++ed .*bile a+d stati*+arys*ur/e NOJINFK /*+tr*l 3r*gra.s0 T2e Tier 1 e.issi*+s sta+dards *rlig2t duty -e2i/les already i.3le.e+ted *r t2e 1994 .*del year;des/ribed ab*-e i+ @0b ill i+/ur a+ esti.ated i+/re.e+tal /*st *@,%%%(6,%%%Lt*+ NOJINFK i /redit is *+ly gi-e+ *r t2*se e.issi*+redu/ti*+s a/2ie-ed i+ *7*+e +*+attai+.e+t areas t* all* dire/t/*.3aris*+ it2 re*r.ulated gas*li+e;0 I+/reasi+g t2e stri+ge+/y *t2e NOJINFK /ut3*i+t i+ e+2a+/ed i+s3e/ti*+ a+d .ai+te+a+/e 3r*gra.si+ ee/t, /ausi+g a greater +u.ber * -e2i/les t* ail t2e test a+di+/ur re3air /*sts; is esti.ated t* 2a-e a /*st(ee/ti-e+ess *4,%%%(&,%%%Lt*+0 A/2ie-i+g t2e Tier @ .*bile s*ur/e NOJINFK sta+dardss2*uld E!A deter.i+e t2at su/2 sta+dards are +e/essary t* .eet air5uality re5uire.e+ts; are liely t* /*st .*re t2a+ 1%,%%%Lt*+ *NOJINFK redu/ed0

"ertai+ NOJINFK /*+tr*ls *r 2ea-y(duty 2ig2ay a+d +*+r*ad-e2i/les are liely t* be as *r .*re /*st ee/ti-e as a 60& NOJINFKredu/ti*+ sta+dard0 E!A is i+ t2e 3r*/ess * de-el*3i+g a+d studyi+gsu/2 /*+tr*ls0 D*e-er, as dis/ussed i+ subse/ti*+ @0b, 2ea-y(dutyNOJINFK /*+tr*ls /a++*t be i.3le.e+ted it2*ut .a+dat*ry leadti.e3r*-isi*+s, a+d t2us t2e be+eits * t2ese /*+tr*ls ill +*t bereali7ed *r .a+y years bey*+d i.3le.e+tati*+ * t2e !2ase II RF#sta+dards0 I+ additi*+, all 2ea-y(duty .*bile s*ur/e NOJINFK /*+tr*lstrategies t2at 2a-e +*t yet bee+ i.3le.e+ted *r are +*t already u+der/*+siderati*+ are liely t* be -ery /*stly0 NOJINFK /*+tr*l /*.bi+edit2 t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. is -ery reas*+able by /*+trast0 T2e /*.3arati-e /*st(ee/ti-e+ess t* stati*+ary s*ur/e NOJINFKe.issi*+ /*+tr*ls is based *+ /*+tr*l strategies suggested *r utilityb*ilers0J'!KC6 I+ *7*+e +*+attai+.e+t areas, sta+dards are bei+g/*+sidered t2at ill re5uire /*+tr*ls .*re stri+ge+t t2a+ suggested by



ased *+ all * t2e a/t*rs dis/ussed ab*-e, as ell as t2e results* t2e regulat*ry i.3a/t a+alysis, E!A t*day is setti+g VO" redu/ti*+sta+dards *r !2ase II re*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d /*+/urre+t NOJINFKredu/ti*+ sta+dards *r gas*li+e s*ld i+ areas 3arti/i3ati+g i+ t2e RF#3r*gra. begi++i+g i+ t2e year @%%%0 T2e t*i/s sta+dard is dis/ussed

bel* i+ subse/ti*+ 40; T2e sta+dards are s2*+ i+ Table VI(C bel*0T2e /*.bi+ati*+ * uel 3ara.eters *+ 2i/2 t2e sta+dards are based is ust *+e * .a+y uel *r.ulati*+s 2i/2 /*uld be used t* a/2ie-e t2esta+dards0 Fr*. E!A?s a+alysis * /*st(ee/ti-e+ess, 2*e-er, it is/lear t2at RV! /*+tr*l a+d sulur /*+tr*l are e3e/ted t* be t2e basi/uel 3ara.eter /2a+ges t2at rei+ers ill rely *+ t* /*.3ly it2 t2esesta+dards0 At t2e sa.e ti.e, it .ust be stressed t2at t*day?s sta+dardsare 3er*r.a+/e sta+dards 2i/2 .ay be .et by t2e rei+er?s /2*i/e *uel 3ara.eter /*+tr*ls E!A is +*t establis2i+g s3e/ii/ati*+s *ruel /*.3*siti*+0 '3e/ii/ issues /*+/er+i+g t2ese i+al sta+dards aredis/ussed i+ t2e *ll*i+g se/ti*+s0

Table VI(C0((VO" 'ta+dards *r !2ase II Re*r.ulated #as*li+e a+d NOJINFKRedu/ti*+ 'ta+dards

[!er/e+t Redu/ti*+ i+ E.issi*+s]

VO" VO"

"*+tr*lled e.issi*+ /*+tr*l /*+tr*lregi*+ 1 regi*+ @

VO":

!er gall*+000000000000000000000000000000000000 P1P@)0= @=09 A-eragi+g0000000000000000000000000000000000000 @90% @)04 Mi+i.u.000000000000000000000000000000000000000 @=0% @C04NOJINFK:

!er gall*+000000000000000000000000000000000000 =0= =0= A-eragi+g0000000000000000000000000000000000000 60& 60& Mi+i.u.000000000000000000000000000000000000000 C0% C0%

P1PRedu/ti*+s relati-e t* a base uel it2 RV! at )0& 3si *+ a 3ergall*+ basis *uld be 1)0@ *r VO" a+d =0C *r NOJINFK0

a0 Fleibility *r rei+ers0 T2e VO" a+d NOJINFK sta+dards3rese+ted i+ Table VI(C ere deter.i+ed assu.i+g b*t2 /*+tr*ls ere



+e/essary0 Bere E!A +*t t* set a NOJINFK sta+dard, t2ere .ay begreater leibility t* urt2er /*+tr*l RV! *r t2e 3ur3*ses * VO"/*+tr*l0 As s2*+ i+ Table VI(1, *r t2e 3ur3*ses * VO" /*+tr*l RV! t*60= a+d sulur t* @=% 33. *uld a/2ie-e a redu/ti*+ * @)0@ i+ VO"/*+tr*l regi*+ @, at a+ i+/re.e+tal /*st(ee/ti-e+ess * C,)%%Lt*+

VO" *r less t2a+ 6%%Lt*+ i+/re.e+tal t* t2e !2ase I redu/ti*+s;0 T2isis +early t2e sa.e le-el * redu/ti*+ a/2ie-ed it2 RV! at 60) 3si a+dsulur redu/ti*+s t* 1C& 33. u+der t2e /*.bi+ed VO" a+d NOJINFKsta+dards0

Vari*us /*..e+ts 5uesti*+ed basi+g t2e VO" sta+dard *+ a gas*li+eRV! * 60= 3si, due t* 3*te+tial dri-eability 3r*ble.s it2 uels atl*er RV!s 2i/2 rei+ers ill 3r*du/e *+ *//asi*+ t* .eet t2e a-eragesta+dard;0 "*..e+ters ere /*+/er+ed t2at t2e VO" sta+dard *uld redu/et2e leibility a-ailable t* rei+ers by esse+tially re5uiri+g all RF#t* 2a-e a+ RV! * 60= 3si0 As dis/ussed 3re-i*usly, E!A /urre+tlybelie-es t2at 60= 3si RV! is a 3ra/ti/al li.it i+ t2e redu/ti*+ *gas*li+e -*latility, due t* t2e la/ * i+*r.ati*+ at t2e 3rese+t ti.et* as/ertai+ 2et2er *r +*t dri-eability 3r*ble.s eist bel* t2atle-el0 I+ t2e abse+/e * NOJINFK /*+tr*l, E!A belie-es t2at ade5uateleibility *uld still eist *r rei+ers t* .eet a VO" 3er*r.a+/esta+dard based *+ t2e /*+tr*l * RV! d*+ t* 60= 3si, si+/e s*.eleibility still eists i+ adusti+g sulur a+d *lei+ le-els0D*e-er, i+ t2e /*+tet * a NOJINFK sta+dard t2is leibility isgreatly redu/ed0

A uel .eeti+g t2e /*.bi+ed re5uire.e+ts * 60= 3si RV! a+d 1C& 33.sulur *uld a/2ie-e a VO" redu/ti*+ * @&04 i+ VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ @;a+d a NOJINFK redu/ti*+ * 6090 'ta+dards based *+ t2is uel*r.ulati*+ /*uld se-erely restri/t t2e leibility *r s*.e rei+ers,a+d 3*se a+ u+due burde+ *+ *t2ers0 F*r ea.3le, rei+ers it2 -ari*us3ara.eter le-els ab*-e t2e statut*ry baseli+e *uld +eed additi*+al VO"/*+tr*l t* *set t2e VO" i.3a/t * t2ese 3ara.eters0 +der t2e ab*-es/e+ari*, t2ese rei+ers *uld be li.ited i+ a/2ie-i+g urt2er RV!/*+tr*l, si+/e t2e ability t* urt2er redu/e RV! a+d sulur a+dL*ri+/rease *lei+s *uld be li.ited0 T2is *uld sig+ii/a+tly i+/reaset2e /*st(ee/ti-e+ess * t2e VO" /*+tr*l0 3*+ /*+siderati*+ * t2ese /*+/er+s, a.*+g *t2er issues, E!Ade/ided t* set a VO" sta+dard deri-ed based *+ a uel RV! * 60) 3si t*all* rei+ers s*.e leibility t* .eet t2e 3er*r.a+/e(based VO"sta+dard t2r*ug2 /*+tr*l * RV! it2*ut t2e +eed t* g* bel* 60= 3si0y setti+g a /*+/urre+t NOJINFK sta+dard based largely *+ additi*+alsulur /*+tr*l, 2i/2 als* a/2ie-es s*.e s.all additi*+al VO"redu/ti*+s, rei+ers ill +*t +eed t* g* as l* as 60= 3si t* .eet t2ee5ui-ale+t le-el * VO" /*+tr*l0 T2e /*st(ee/ti-e+ess * a 60& *+



a-erage; NOJINFK redu/ti*+ sta+dard 2e+ /redit is gi-e+ *r t2eadditi*+al le-el * VO" /*+tr*l *btai+ed at t2is le-el * sulurredu/ti*+ is a33r*i.ately =,%%%Lt*+ NOJINFK redu/ed0 b0 "*sts a+d e.issi*+s redu/ti*+s0 T2e *-erall /*st * t2e !2ase IIre*r.ulated gas*li+e VO" sta+dards a+d NOJINFK sta+dards *r !2ase II

RF# is a33r*i.ately 10@ /e+ts 3er gall*+ i+/re.e+tal t* !2ase I RF#;0T2is -alue a33ears t* be reas*+able, as t2e less stri+ge+t !2ase Ire*r.ulated gas*li+e /*st is esti.ated t* be ab*ut C(= /e+ts 3ergall*+, as dis/ussed i+ se/ti*+ V0 E!A d*es +*t e3e/t +*+(3r*du/ti*+related /*sts, su/2 as distributi*+ /*sts, re/*rdee3i+g a+d re3*rti+g/*sts, et/0, t* i+/rease relati-e t* !2ase I re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 A/*.3lete dis/ussi*+ * t2e de-el*3.e+t * t2ese /*sts is *u+d i+ t2eRIA0

As a result * t*day?s sta+dards, VO" e.issi*+s ill be redu/ed byab*ut 1%,%%% t*+s i+ VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ 1 s*ut2er+; areas ea/2 su..era+d C@,%%% t*+s i+ VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ @ +*rt2er+; areas0 I+ additi*+,s*ut2er+ areas ill e3erie+/e a redu/ti*+ * ab*ut &,C%% t*+s NOJINFKa+d +*rt2er+ areas ill e3erie+/e a redu/ti*+ * 1C,&%% t*+s NOJINFK0T2e e.issi*+s redu/ti*+s e3erie+/ed i+ s*ut2er+ areas are s.aller t2a+e3erie+/ed i+ +*rt2er+ areas due t* t2e a/t t2at s*ut2er+ areas arealready re5uired t* use uels it2 l*er Reid -a3*r 3ressures, a+d t2ust2e e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ be+eits * RF# use i+ t2ese areas is s.aller0 /0 "*.3lia+/e .argi+ /*+siderati*+0 'e-eral /*..e+ters e3ressed adesire *r l**ser sta+dards t* a//*u+t *r /*.3lia+/e .argi+s0 T2e*3ti*+al 3r*-isi*+ *r a-eragi+g sta+dards all*s rei+ers t* .eet t2esta+dards i+ t2e .a++er 2i/2 is .*st /*st(ee/ti-e *r t2eir rei+eryi+ e/2a+ge *r .eeti+g a sta+dard t2at is /*+sidered at least *r .*restri+ge+t as t2e 3er gall*+ sta+dard 3lus a /*.3lia+/e .argi+0 T2e VO"a+d NOJINFK redu/ti*+ sta+dards 2a-e b*t2 bee+ based i+ 3art *+ a/*st(ee/ti-e+ess a+alysis t2at i.3li/itly is based *+ a+ a-eragi+gsta+dard0 I+ t2at /ase, a /*.3lia+/e .argi+ be/*.es .u/2 less rele-a+t,i at all, be/ause * t2e leibility i+tr*du/ed t2r*ug2 a-eragi+g0 d0 */al sele/ti*+ * VO" *r VO" a+d NOJINFK /*+tr*l0 E!Are5uested /*..e+ts *+ a+ *3ti*+ t* all* +*+attai+.e+t areas t* sele/tbetee+ eit2er VO" /*+tr*l *r /*.bi+ed VO" a+d NOJINFK /*+tr*l,de3e+di+g *+ t2e air 5uality +eeds * t2at area0 A 3*te+tial 3r*ble.it2 t2is *3ti*+ is t2at it *uld re5uire 3r*du/ti*+ * a+*t2er ty3e *re*r.ulated gas*li+e i+ *+e *r .*re grades0 8istributi*+ 3r*ble.s a+d/*.3li/ati*+s already e3e/ted it2 i.3le.e+tati*+ * t2e re*r.ulatedgas*li+e re5uire.e+ts /*uld i+/rease0

Ma+y /*..e+ters *33*sed t2is *3ti*+, /iti+g added /*sts a+d/*.3li/ati*+s t* t2e distributi*+ syste. 2i/2 *uld liely result0 N*/*..e+ters a33eared t* be str*+gly i+ a-*r * it0 De+/e, t2e Age+/y



al*+e *uld +*t 3r*-ide sig+ii/a+t *7*+e redu/ti*+ be+eits i+ allareas usi+g RF#0 T2e *3ti*+ * all*i+g rei+ers t* .eet a /*.bi+ed VO"a+d NOJINFK sta+dard *uld 2a-e liely resulted i+ VO" /*+tr*l3ri.arily t2r*ug2 RV! redu/ti*+s; it2 .i+i.al NOJINFK /*+tr*l0Rei+ers *uld 2a-e 2ad a str*+g i+/e+ti-e t* aug.e+t t2e /*.3le .*del

t2r*ug2 -e2i/le testi+g a+d 3us2 RV! ell bel* t2e 60= 3si le-el i+*rder t* a-*id sulur /*+tr*l *r NOJINFK redu/ti*+s;, si+/e RV!/*+tr*l is .u/2 less /*stly0 As .e+ti*+ed 3re-i*usly, E!A 2assig+ii/a+t /*+/er+s ab*ut dri-eability 3r*ble.s it2 uels it2 RV!sl*er t2a+ 60= 3si0 'i+/e rei+ers *uld be li.ited i+ t2eir ability t*/*st ee/ti-ely a/2ie-e t2e /*.bi+ed sta+dards, t2e redu/ti*+sa/2ie-ed t2r*ug2 t2is ty3e * 3r*gra. *uld be i+ 5uesti*+0 De+/e, E!A2as de/ided +*t t* i.3le.e+t a /*.bi+ed VO" a+d NOJINFK sta+dard0 N*sig+ii/a+t /*..e+ts ere re/ei-ed *+ t2is *3ti*+040 T*i/s 'ta+dard

T2e statute sets t2e .i+i.u. !2ase II sta+dard *r t*i/s redu/ti*+at @=, alt2*ug2 E!A 2as t2e aut2*rity t* redu/e t2is t* +* l*er t2a+@% >>based *+ te/2+*l*gi/al easibility, /*+sideri+g /*st0??J'!KC&E!A 3r*3*sed b*t2 le-els * redu/ti*+s as *3ti*+s *r t2e t*i/ssta+dard0 E!A 2as l**ed at t2e te/2+*l*gy re5uired t* attai+ a @=t*i/s sta+dard, a+d t2e /*st * i.3le.e+ti+g t2at te/2+*l*gy0 E!Ae3e/ts t2at t2e te/2+*l*gy i.3le.e+ted by rei+ers t* /*.3ly it2 t2ere5uired VO" a+d NOJINFK redu/ti*+s ill result *+ a-erage i+ a @6redu/ti*+ i+ a++ual t*i/s at reas*+able /*sts, as dis/ussed earlier0F*r /ertai+ rei+ers it2 2ig2er baseli+e le-els * -ari*us 3ara.eters,2*e-er, E!A e3e/ts t2at /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e VO" a+d NOJINFKsta+dards ill +*t aut*.ati/ally lead t* /*.3lia+/e it2 a @= t*i/ssta+dard0 F*r t2ese rei+ers, additi*+al t*i/s /*+tr*l ill ty3i/allyre5uire urt2er be+7e+e redu/ti*+ *r ar*.ati/s redu/ti*+ i */ta+e /a+be .ai+tai+ed;0 e+7e+e redu/ti*+s *uld i.3a/t *+ly e.issi*+s *be+7e+e, +*t 1,C(butadie+e, 2i/2 2as bee+ s2*+ t* be * greater/a+/er(/ausi+g ris t* t2e 3ubli/ t2a+ t2e *t2er air t*i/s0J'!KC9T2e statut*ry re5uire.e+ts * se/ti*+ @11; re5uires a */us *+redu/ti*+s i+ .ass e.issi*+s * air t*i/s, +*t *+ a redu/ti*+ i+/a+/er ris, a+d t2ere*re d*es +*t 3er.it E!A t* set t2e sta+dardbased *+ /a+/er ris0; I.3le.e+tati*+ * t2e be+7e+e a+dL*r ar*.ati/sredu/ti*+ te/2+*l*gy ill be e3e+si-e a+d ill raise t2eir /*sts *3r*du/ti*+, 3utti+g rei+ers a/i+g t2is situati*+ at a /*.3etiti-edisad-a+tage t* t2*se rei+ers 2* /*.3ly it2 t2e t*i/s sta+dard>>*r ree?? based *+ t2eir /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e VO" a+d NOJINFKsta+dards0 I+ additi*+, a re5uire.e+t * additi*+al t*i/s redu/ti*+s.ay als* li.it rei+ers? leibility i+ 3r*du/i+g re*r.ulatedgas*li+e0



PCP&T2e t*i/s sta+dard is a re5uire.e+t *r a+ a-erage 3er/e+tredu/ti*+ *-er t2e e+tire year, +*t s*lely i+ t2e su..er 2ig2

*7*+e; seas*+0

PCP9>>M*t*r(Ve2i/le Related Air T*i/s 'tudy,?? E!A Re3*rt 4@%(R(9C(%%=, A3ril 199C0

E!A 2as /*+sidered t* additi*+al a/t*rs i+ /*+sideri+g t2eeasibility * re5uiri+g t2is subset * rei+ers t* 3ay t2e /*sts *i.3le.e+ti+g additi*+al t*i/s /*+tr*l te/2+*l*gy i+ *rder t* .eet a@= sta+dard0 First, e-e+ i t2e t*i/s sta+dard is redu/ed t* @%, E!Abelie-es t2at t2e a-erage t*i/s redu/ti*+ a/r*ss all rei+ers illstill be ab*-e @= based u3*+ t2e uel /2a+ges used t* /*.3ly it2 t2eVO" a+d NOJINFK sta+dards0 'e/*+d, t2e additi*+al t*i/s /*+tr*lre5uired by t2is subset * rei+ers results i+ -ery 2ig2 /*st 3er/a+/er i+/ide+/e a-*ided0 T2e .ai+ /*+tr*l strategies *r t*i/s,be+7e+e a+d ar*.ati/s redu/ti*+s, are -ery e3e+si-e, i+ e/ess * 1%%.illi*+L"I0 T2is is ell bey*+d t2e 1(1% .illi*+L"I 2i/2 t2e Age+/ybelie-es t* be a/2ie-able t2r*ug2 *t2er 3r*gra.s0 E-e+ t2*ug2 a @=t*i/s sta+dard is te/2+*l*gi/ally easible, t2e u+i5ue /ir/u.sta+/esdis/ussed ab*-e raise 5uesti*+s ab*ut t2e i+/reased /*st t* t2is subset* rei+ers * i.3le.e+ti+g additi*+al t*i/s redu/ti*+ te/2+*l*gy0 ased *+ t2ese /*+/er+s regardi+g t2e /*sts * i.3le.e+ti+g t*i/s/*+tr*l te/2+*l*gy, E!A is setti+g t2e t*i/s sta+dard *r !2ase II RF#i+ b*t2 VO" /*+tr*l regi*+s at @%0 T2ere as ge+eral su33*rt i+ t2e/*..e+ts re/ei-ed *r t2e a/t t2at t2e /*st(ee/ti-e+ess * t*i/s/*+tr*l bey*+d a @% redu/ti*+ is 5uesti*+able0 N* substa+ti-e /*..e+tsere re/ei-ed *33*si+g t2e *3ti*+ * setti+g t2e sta+dard at t2e.i+i.u. @% redu/ti*+0

ased *+ t*day?s sta+dards a+d t2e a+alysis su..ari7ed i+ t2e RIA,ab*ut 6C% t*+s * t*i/s ill be redu/ed i+ VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ @ ea/2su..er a+d C)% t*+s * t*i/s i+ VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ 10 E.issi*+s * allt*i/s e/e3t *r.alde2yde ill be redu/ed0 As a result * t2esee.issi*+s redu/ti*+s, a33r*i.ately C(4 /a+/er i+/ide+/es ill bea-*ided a++ually +ati*+ide i+/re.e+tal t* !2ase I;0

VII0 E+*r/e.e+t



'e/ti*+ @11; * t2e "lea+ Air A/t re5uires, begi++i+g <a+uary 1,199=, t2at t2e gas*li+e s*ld *r dis3e+sed i+ /ertai+ *7*+e+*+attai+.e+t areas .ust be /ertiied as re*r.ulated0 #as*li+e t2at is+*t /ertiied as re*r.ulated is /lassiied as /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e

a+d .ust be s*ld *utside t2ese +*+attai+.e+t areas0 +der t2ee+*r/e.e+t s/2e.e 3r*.ulgated t*day, rei+ers a+d i.3*rters ill bere5uired t* desig+ate all gas*li+e as eit2er re*r.ulated *r/*+-e+ti*+al0 #as*li+e desig+ated as re*r.ulated .ust .eet t2esta+dards *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e, a+d /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e .ust.eet t2e a+ti(du.3i+g sta+dards *r /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e0 I+ additi*+,rei+ers a+d i.3*rters ill be re5uired t* 3re3are 3r*du/t tra+serd*/u.e+ts *r all gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted, t2at ide+tiy t2egas*li+e as re*r.ulated *r /*+-e+ti*+al a+d s3e/iy restri/ti*+s as t*t2e ti.e a+d 3la/e 2ere t2e gas*li+e .ay be used0 !arties d*+strea. * rei+ers a+d i.3*rters t2at tra+s3*rt, st*re,*r dis3e+se gas*li+e are res3*+sible *r e+suri+g t2at *+lyre*r.ulated gas*li+e is used i+ re*r.ulated gas*li+e /*-ered areas,a+d t2at re*r.ulated gas*li+e is used at a ti.e a+d 3la/e /*+siste+tit2 t2e ti.e a+d 3la/e * use restri/ti*+s re/ited i+ t2e 3r*du/ttra+ser d*/u.e+ts0 I+ additi*+, d*+strea. 3arties are res3*+sible *re+suri+g t2at re*r.ulated gas*li+e d*es +*t -i*late t2e 3er(gall*+.i+i.u. a+d .ai.u. sta+dards, dis/ussed .*re ully bel*0 8uri+g /ale+dar years 199= t2r*ug2 199), rei+ers a+d i.3*rters .ay/ertiy re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3ursua+t t* eit2er t2e !2ase I si.3le.*del sta+dards, *r t2e !2ase I /*.3le .*del early use; sta+dards0T2is ele/ti*+ .ust be .ade se3arately *r ea/2 rei+ery *+ a /ale+daryear basis0 8uri+g /ale+dar years 199& a+d 1999, all re*r.ulatedgas*li+e .ust .eet t2e !2ase I /*.3le .*del sta+dards, a+d begi++i+gi+ @%%%, all re*r.ulated gas*li+e .ust .eet t2e !2ase II /*.3le .*delsta+dards0

T2e i+al rule establis2es re*r.ulated gas*li+e sta+dards *r*yge+, be+7e+e, t*i/s e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e, a+d 2ea-y .etals u+derall .*dels0 'ta+dards *r RV!, sulur, T(9%, a+d *lei+s are i+/luded*+ly u+der t2e si.3le .*del, a+d sta+dards *r VO" a+d NOJINFKe.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e are i+/luded *+ly u+der t2e !2ase I a+d II/*.3le .*dels0

A rei+er *r i.3*rter ele/ti+g early use * t2e /*.3le .*delduri+g 199=, 1996, *r 199) .ust deter.i+e i+di-idual rei+ery *ri.3*rter 3er*r.a+/e sta+dards *r VO", t*i/s, a+d NOJINFK0 T2esesta+dards are deter.i+ed by e-aluati+g t2e *ll*i+g slate * uel3ara.eter -alues i+ t2e !2ase I /*.3le .*del: T2e si.3le .*delre5uire.e+ts, 3er se/ti*+ &%041a; *r b;, *r be+7e+e, RV! a+d *yge+



t2e ar*.ati/s -alue +e/essary t* .eet t2e si.3le .*del t*i/s sta+dardusi+g t2ese -alues *r be+7e+e, RV! a+d *yge+ t2e rei+ery *ri.3*rter i+di-idual baseli+e -alues *r E(C%%, sulur, a+d *lei+s a+dt2e statut*ry su..erti.e *r i+terti.e baseli+e -alue *r E(@%%0 T2e 3er/e+t redu/ti*+s i+ VO", t*i/s, a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s

deter.i+ed usi+g t2e ab*-e uel i+ t2e !2ase I /*.3le .*del are t2ere*r.ulated gas*li+e sta+dards *r a rei+ery *r i.3*rter ele/ti+gearly use * t2e /*.3le .*del0

egi++i+g i+ 199&, t2e !2ase I re*r.ulated gas*li+e VO", t*i/s,a+d NOJINFK sta+dards *r a rei+ery *r i.3*rter are as s3e/iied i+se/ti*+ &%041 /; a+d d;0 As a result * t2e i+di-idual rei+ery *ri.3*rter baseli+es u+der /*.3le .*del early use, gas*li+e t2at is3r*du/ed u+der t2is *3ti*+ at a+y s3e/ii/ rei+ery *r i.3*rted by a+ys3e/ii/ i.3*rter, .ay +*t be u+gibly .ied it2 gas*li+e t2at is3r*du/ed at a+*t2er rei+ery *r i.3*rted by a+*t2er i.3*rter0 T2issegregati*+ * early use /*.3le .*del gas*li+es, a+d *t2er segregati*+re5uire.e+ts, are dis/ussed .*re ully bel*0 Rei+ers a+d i.3*rters .ay ele/t t* .eet /ertai+ re*r.ulatedgas*li+e sta+dards eit2er *+ a 3er(gall*+ basis *r *+ a-erage0 T2isele/ti*+, 2i/2 .ust be .ade se3arately *r ea/2 3ara.eter a+dse3arately *r ea/2 /ale+dar year, a33lies t* all gas*li+e 3r*du/ed ata rei+ery by a rei+er, *r i.3*rted by a+ i.3*rter, duri+g a /ale+daryear0 Rei+ers a+d i.3*rters /a++*t .eet t2e sta+dard *r a+y si+gle3ara.eter *+ a 3er(gall*+ basis *r /ertai+ bat/2es a+d *+ a-erage *r*t2er bat/2es duri+g a+y /ale+dar year0 A rei+er *r i.3*rter t2at *3ts *r /*.3lia+/e *+ a-erage .ust als*.eet re5uire.e+ts *r gas*li+e 5uality sur-eys0 'ta+dards t2at .ay be.et *+ a-erage are RV!, *yge+, a+d be+7e+e, a+d VO", t*i/s, a+dNOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e0

T2e 3ur3*se * t2e gas*li+e 5uality sur-eys is t* e+sure, *rea.3le, t2at RV! a-eragi+g by rei+ers *r i.3*rters d*es +*t result i+a /*-ered area re/ei-i+g re*r.ulated gas*li+e t2at, *+ a-erage *-ert2e /*-ered area, 2as a 2ig2er RV! t2a+ *uld *//ur it2*ut su/2rei+er *r i.3*rter a-eragi+g0 T2is a33lies *r ea/2 3ara.eter sube/tt* rei+er *r i.3*rter a-eragi+g0 I+ t2e e-e+t a gas*li+e 5ualitysur-ey re-eals t2at t2e gas*li+e bei+g used i+ a /*-ered area d*es +*t.eet t2e 3er(gall*+ sta+dard *r a+y regulated 3ara.eter, t2e 3ergall*+.ai.u. *r .i+i.u. sta+dard *r t2at 3ara.eter is .ade .*rerig*r*us, a+d e/e3t i+ t2e /ase * *yge+ t2e sta+dard *r a-erage/*.3lia+/e is .ade .*re rig*r*us0 Bit2 /ertai+ li.ited e/e3ti*+s,t2ese adusted sta+dards a33ly t* all gas*li+e 3r*du/ed at ea/2rei+ery t2at su33lied t2e /*-ered area it2 t2e ailed sur-ey duri+gt2e year * t2e sur-ey ailure, *r duri+g a+y year t2e adusted



P4P%T2e *yge+ated uels 3r*gra. reers t* state 3r*gra.s

establis2ed 3ursua+t t* 'e/0 @11.; * t2e A/t, i+-*l-i+g i+terti.euse * *yge+ated gas*li+e t* /*+tr*l e.issi*+s * /arb*+ .*+*ide0

T2e i+al rule als* i+/ludes 3r*-isi*+s t2at regulate t2e .a++er i+2i/2 *yge+ates .ay be added d*+strea. * t2e rei+ery *r i.3*rta/ility it2i+ t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.0 Oyge+ate .ay *+lybe added t* s3e/ially *r.ulated re*r.ulated gas*li+e ble+dst*/i+te+ded *r su/2 d*+strea. *yge+ate ble+di+g *r >>RO??;0 I*yge+ate ere added t* re*r.ulated gas*li+e +*t s3e/ially *r.ulated,i+ .*st /ases t2e resulti+g gas*li+e *uld +*t .eet t2e re*r.ulatedgas*li+e sta+dards0 Rei+ers a+d i.3*rters * RO are re5uired t*i+/lude i+ t2e RO 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts t2e ty3e a+d a.*u+t, *rra+ge * ty3es a+d a.*u+ts, * *yge+ate t2at .ay be ble+ded it2 ea/23arti/ular RO0 RO .ust be segregated r*. re*r.ulated gas*li+e,a+d r*. *t2er RO 2a-i+g diere+t *yge+ate re5uire.e+ts, t* t2e3*i+t * *yge+ate ble+di+g0 8istribut*rs .ay *+ly dis3e+se RO t*registered *yge+ate ble+ders0 Oyge+ate ble+ders .ay *+ly ble+d t2es3e/iied ty3e a+d a.*u+t * *yge+ate it2 a+y RO, a+d .ust .eet t2esta+dard *r *yge+ *r all RO dis3e+sed t* t2e.0 Rei+ers a+d i.3*rters are re5uired t* .eet t2e re*r.ulatedgas*li+e sta+dards *r RO *r all 3ara.eters *t2er t2a+ *yge+, based*+ t2e 3r*3erties * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e t2at ill be 3r*du/edt2r*ug2 ble+di+g t2e a33r*3riate ty3e a+d a.*u+t * *yge+ate it2 t2eRO0 As a result, i t2e i+/*rre/t ty3e a+dL*r a.*u+t * *yge+ate isble+ded it2 t2e RO, t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter .ay ail t* /*.3ly it2t2e +*+(*yge+ sta+dards0

I+ *rder t* e+sure t2at t2e +*+(*yge+ sta+dards *r RO are .et,rei+ers a+d i.3*rters .ay tra+ser RO *+ly t* *yge+ate ble+dersit2 2*. t2ey 2a-e a irst( *r se/*+d(2a+d /*+tra/tual relati*+s2i30T2is /*+tra/t .ust i+/lude 3r*/edures i+te+ded t* e+sure 3r*3er3er*r.a+/e * *yge+ate ble+di+g0 I+ additi*+, t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter.ust /*+du/t a 5uality assura+/e 3r*gra. *-er t2e *yge+ate ble+der?sble+di+g *3erati*+0

T2ese /*+strai+ts *+ t2e tra+ser * RO d* +*t a33ly i a rei+er*r i.3*rter desig+ates t2e RO as suitable *r ble+di+g it2 a+y*yge+ate *r it2 et2ers *+ly,J'!K41 a+d assu.es t2at et2a+*l ill be



ble+ded it2 >>a+y(*yge+ate?? RO a+d MTE ill be ble+ded it2>>et2er(*+ly?? RO0 A rei+er *r i.3*rter usi+g t2is ble+di+gassu.3ti*+ *3ti*+ urt2er assu.es t2at t2e -*lu.e * *yge+ate ble+dedill be t2at a.*u+t +e/essary *r t2e resulti+g re*r.ulated gas*li+et* 2a-e a+ *yge+ /*+te+t * @0%% eig2t 3er/e+t, *r a33r*i.ately =0)%

-*lu.e 3er/e+t i+ t2e /ase * et2a+*l, a+d a33r*i.ately 1%0&% -*lu.e3er/e+t i+ t2e /ase * MTE0 T2ese *yge+ate ble+di+g assu.3ti*+s aredis/ussed .*re ully bel*0

P4P1T2e et2ers i+/lude but are +*t li.ited t* MTE, TAME, a+dETE0

I+ *rder t* e+sure t2at gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted asre*r.ulated i+ a/t .eets t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e sta+dards,rei+ers a+d i.3*rters are re5uired t* e+gage a+ i+de3e+de+t lab*rat*ryt* sa.3le ea/2 bat/2 * re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted, a+dt* a+aly7e u3 t* te+ 3er/e+t * t2e sa.3les /*lle/ted0 E!A ill dire/tt2e i+de3e+de+t lab*rat*ries as t* 2i/2 sa.3les t* a+aly7e0 Rei+ers3r*du/i+g gas*li+e usi+g /*.3uter(/*+tr*lled i+(li+e ble+di+g .ay*btai+ a ai-er r*. E!A a+d 2a-e t2e i+(li+e ble+di+g re/*rds auditedi+ lieu * t2e i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+d testi+g re5uire.e+ts0 T2ei+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+d testi+g re5uire.e+t is dis/ussed .*re ullybel*0

+der t2e i+al rule, rei+ers, i.3*rters, a+d *yge+ate ble+dersare re5uired t* ee3 s3e/iied re/*rds t2at relate t* t2e 3r*du/ti*+ *ri.3*rtati*+ * gas*li+e, sa.3li+g a+d testi+g * gas*li+e, /redittra+sers, a+d /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s0 All regulated 3arties arere5uired t* ee3 /*3ies * 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts, a+d re/*rds *a+y 5uality assura+/e sa.3li+g a+d testi+g 3er*r.ed0 Rei+ers, i.3*rters, a+d *yge+ate ble+ders are re5uired t* sub.itre3*rts t* E!A t2at /*+tai+ i+*r.ati*+ +e/essary t* de.*+strate t2atsta+dards 2a-e bee+ a/2ie-ed eit2er 3er(gall*+ *r *+ a-erage0 T2e3eri*ds *r re3*rti+g are /ale+dar 5uarters <a+uary t2r*ug2 Mar/2,

A3ril t2r*ug2 <u+e, <uly t2r*ug2 'e3te.ber a+d O/t*ber t2r*ug28e/e.ber;0 T2e 5uarterly re3*rts are due *+ t2e last day * t2e se/*+d.*+t2 *ll*i+g t2e e+d * t2e 5uarter0 uarterly re3*rts /*+sist * detailed i+*r.ati*+ des/ribi+g ea/2



bat/2 * re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted0 Additi*+alre3*rti+g re5uire.e+ts a33ly *r rei+ers, i.3*rters, a+d *yge+ateble+ders 2* 3r*du/e re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO 2i/2 .eets a+y *t2e a33li/able sta+dards *+ a-erage0 RV!, VO", a+d NOJINFK a-eragi+gre3*rts are sub.itted it2 t2e t2ird 5uarterly re3*rt * a gi-e+ year

a+d /*-er t2e 2ig2 *7*+e seas*+ a-eragi+g 3eri*d0 Oyge+, be+7e+e a+dt*i/s a-eragi+g re3*rts a+d /redit tra+sa/ti*+ re3*rts are sub.ittedit2 t2e *urt2 5uarterly re3*rt a+d /*-er t2e a++ual a-eragi+g 3eri*d0"redit tra+sa/ti*+ a+d a-eragi+g re3*rts are +*t re5uired *rre*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO 2i/2 .eets all * t2e a33li/ablesta+dards *+ a 3er(gall*+ basis0

Rei+ers, *yge+ate ble+ders, a+d i.3*rters are re5uired t*register it2 E!A by N*-e.ber 1, 1994 *r +* later t2a+ t2ree .*+t2s i+ad-a+/e * t2e irst date t2e 3arty ill 3r*du/e *r i.3*rt re*r.ulatedgas*li+e, 2i/2e-er is later0 Registrati*+ i+*r.ati*+ ide+tiies t2erei+er, ble+der, *r i.3*rter a+d a+y a/ilities at 2i/2 re*r.ulatedgas*li+e *r RO .ay be 3r*du/ed, a+d t2e i+de3e+de+t lab*rat*ry t2atill be used t* ulill t2e i+de3e+de+t a+alysis re5uire.e+ts0 E!A illsu33ly a registrati*+ +u.ber t* ea/2 rei+er, i.3*rter, a+d *yge+ateble+der, a+d a a/ility registrati*+ +u.ber *r ea/2 rei+ery a+d*yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility t2at is ide+tiied t2ese registrati*++u.bers .ust be used i+ all re3*rts t* E!A0 T2e i+al rule i+/ludes a re5uire.e+t t2at all rei+ers, i.3*rters,a+d *yge+ate ble+ders .ust /*..issi*+ a+ a++ual re-ie * t2ei+*r.ati*+ /*+tai+ed i+ t2e re3*rts t* E!A, *r a+ >>atteste+gage.e+t0?? Attest e+gage.e+ts .ust be /*+du/ted eit2er by a"ertiied !ubli/ A//*u+ta+t, *r by a "ertiied I+ter+al Audit*r,*ll*i+g 3r*/edures i+/luded i+ t2e i+al rule0 T2e attest 3r*/eduresare i+te+ded t* e+sure t2at all gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted isi+/luded i+ t2e re3*rts *r eit2er re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r/*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e t2at 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts are 3r*3erly3re3ared t2at t2e re5uire.e+ts *r d*+strea. *yge+ate ble+di+g are.et a+d t2at i+ t2e /ase * a rei+er usi+g /*.3uter(/*+tr*lled i+li+eble+di+g, t2at t2e ble+d re/*rds su33*rt t2e re3*rted 3r*3erties* t2e gas*li+e 3r*du/ed0

All 3arties i+ t2e gas*li+e distributi*+ syste. are re5uired t*segregate /ertai+ /ateg*ries * re*r.ulated gas*li+e r*. *t2er/ateg*ries0 T2ese segregati*+ re5uire.e+ts result 3ri.arily r*. t2eti.e a+d 3la/e * use restri/ti*+s +e/essary *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e,a+d t* a lesser ete+t are +e/essary *r 3er(gall*+ .i+i.u.s a+d.ai.u.s a+d gas*li+e 5uality sur-eys i+ /*-ered areas0 I+ su..ary*r., t2e segregati*+ re5uire.e+ts are t2e *ll*i+g0 #as*li+e sube/t t* si.3le .*del sta+dards .ay +*t be u+gibly



.ied it2 gas*li+e sube/t t* /*.3le .*del sta+dards0 I+ additi*+,gas*li+e 3r*du/ed at a+y rei+ery *r i.3*rted by a+y i.3*rter t2at issube/t t* t2e /*.3le .*del be*re 199& .ust be segregated r*./*.3le .*del gas*li+e 3r*du/ed at a+y *t2er rei+ery *r i.3*rted bya+y *t2er i.3*rter0 T2ese t* segregati*+ re5uire.e+ts, 2i/2 are

li.ited t* t2e 3eri*d 199= t2r*ug2 199), are +e/essary i+ *rder *r3er(gall*+ .i+i.u.s a+d .ai.u.s a+d gas*li+e 5uality sur-eys t*3r*3erly u+/ti*+0

O+ly gas*li+e t2at is VO"(/*+tr*lled .ay be used duri+g t2e 2ig2*7*+e seas*+, 2i/2 re5uires t2e segregati*+ * VO"(/*+tr*lled a+d +*+VO"(/*+tr*lled gas*li+e i+ ad-a+/e * t2e 2ig2 *7*+e seas*+ *t2er t2a+t* >>ble+d u3?? st*rage ta+s t* t2e VO"(/*+tr*lled sta+dards;0'i.ilarly, *+ly gas*li+e desig+ated *r VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 .ay bes*ld i+ t2at regi*+, 2i/2 re5uires t2e segregati*+ * VO" "*+tr*lRegi*+ 1 gas*li+e r*. VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ @ gas*li+e0 I+ additi*+, VO"/*+tr*lledgas*li+e 3r*du/ed it2 et2a+*l .ay +*t be .ied it2 VO"/*+tr*lledgas*li+e 3r*du/ed usi+g a+y *t2er *yge+ate duri+g t2e3eri*d <a+uary 1 t2r*ug2 'e3te.ber 1=0 T2ese segregati*+ re5uire.e+tsare +e/essary i+ *rder *r VO" e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s t* be a/2ie-ed0 astly, *+ly gas*li+e desig+ated as *yge+ated uels 3r*gra.re*r.ulated gas*li+e O!R#; .ay be s*ld i+ a+ *yge+ated uels 3r*gra.area duri+g t2e *yge+ated uels /*+tr*l 3eri*d, 2i/2 re5uires t2esegregati*+ * O!R# gas*li+e r*. +*+(O!R# gas*li+e i+ ad-a+/e * a+y*yge+ated uels /*+tr*l 3eri*d *t2er t2a+ t* >>ble+d u3?? st*rageta+s;0 T2is segregati*+ re5uire.e+t is +e/essary s* t2at t2e etra*yge+ate used i+ *yge+ated uels 3r*gra. /ities d*es +*t, t2r*ug2a-eragi+g, result i+ +*+(*yge+ate uels 3r*gra. /ities re/ei-i+g less*yge+ t2a+ is re5uired u+der t2e "lea+ Air A/t0 T2e i+al rule establis2es liability *r a +u.ber * 3r*2ibiteda/ti-ities t2at .ay *//ur d*+strea. * t2e rei+ery *r i.3*rter,i+/ludi+g t2e *ll*i+g: T2e sale, dis3e+sati*+, tra+s3*rtati*+, *rst*rage * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e re3rese+ted t* be re*r.ulated t2eailure * re*r.ulated gas*li+e t* .eet t2e .i+i.u. *r .ai.u.sta+dards a+d t2e use * re*r.ulated gas*li+e i+ a .a++eri+/*+siste+t it2 t2e ti.e a+d 3la/e * use restri/ti*+s re/ited i+ t2e3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts0 B2e+ su/2 a -i*lati*+ is *u+d, t2e*ll*i+g 3arties are 3resu.ed liable: T2e *3erat*r * t2e a/ility at2i/2 t2e -i*lati+g gas*li+e is *u+d, a+d ea/2 u3strea. 3arty, *t2ert2a+ /arriers, t2at su33lied a+y * t2e gas*li+e *u+d t* be i+-i*lati*+0 I+ t2e /ase * a a/ility *3erati+g u+der t2e bra+d +a.e *a rei+er, t2at rei+er is als* 3resu.ed liable regardless * 2et2ert2e rei+er su33lied a+y * t2e gas*li+e *u+d i+ -i*lati*+0 A 3arty 3resu.ed liable .ay establis2 a+ air.ati-e dee+se bys2*i+g t2at it did +*t /ause t2e -i*lati*+, t2at t2e 3arty?s 3r*du/ttra+ser d*/u.e+ts ere 3r*3er, a+d t2at t2e 3arty /arried *ut a



5uality assura+/e 3r*gra. t* .*+it*r t2e 3er(gall*+ .i+i.u. a+d .ai.u.sta+dards * t2e gas*li+e u+der t2e 3arty?s /*+tr*l0 A .*re detailed des/ri3ti*+ * t2e liability a+d dee+se 3r*-isi*+srelati+g t* /arriers is i+/luded bel*0 T2e i+al rule s3e/iies t2e .a++er i+ 2i/2 3e+alties ill be

deter.i+ed *r -i*lati*+s * t2e i+al rule0 T2ese 3e+alty 3r*-isi*+si+/lude /al/ulati*+s * t2e +u.ber * days * -i*lati*+, a+d3resu.3ti*+s regardi+g t2e 3r*3erties * gas*li+e0 T2e re.ai+der * 'e/ti*+ V * t2e 3rea.ble dis/usses .a*r /2a+gesr*. t2e e+*r/e.e+t 3r*-isi*+s t2at ere 3r*3*sed i+ t2e su33le.e+tal+*ti/e * 3r*3*sed rule.ai+g 3ublis2ed at =& FR 11)@@ February @6,199C;0 T2e *ll*i+g 3*rti*+ * t2is se/ti*+ als* res3*+ds t* a +u.ber* sig+ii/a+t 3ubli/ /*..e+ts *+ t2e e+*r/e.e+t 3r*-isi*+s /*+tai+edi+ t2e 199C 3r*3*sal0 Res3*+ses t* *t2er sig+ii/a+t /*..e+ts E!Are/ei-ed are /*+tai+ed i+ a se3arate >>res3*+se t* /*..e+ts?? d*/u.e+tt2at 2as bee+ 3la/ed i+ t2e d*/et *r t2is rule.ai+g0

A0 "ali*r+ia E+*r/e.e+t Ee.3ti*+

I+ t2e February @6, 199C, +*ti/e * 3r*3*sed rule.ai+g N!RM;, E!A3r*3*sed t* ee.3t rei+ers, i.3*rters a+d ble+ders * >>"ali*r+iagas*li+e?? r*. /ertai+ e+*r/e.e+t 3r*-isi*+s i+ t2e 3r*3*sed ederalre*r.ulated gas*li+e regulati*+s0 T2e Age+/y ge+erally 3r*3*sed t2at>>"ali*r+ia gas*li+e?? *uld .ea+ gas*li+e sube/t t* t2e 'tate *"ali*r+ia?s re*r.ulated gas*li+e regulati*+s t2at as eit2er 3r*du/edit2i+ t2e 'tate *r i.3*rted i+t* t2e 'tate r*. *utside t2e +ited'tates0

T2e 3r*3*sed "ali*r+ia e+*r/e.e+t ee.3ti*+s ere based *+ t2e Age+/y?s /*.3aris*+ * t2e esti.ated e.issi*+ redu/ti*+ be+eits *"ali*r+ia?s !2ase @ re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. it2 t2*sea+ti/i3ated r*. t2e ederal 32ase I re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.,usi+g t2e ederal /*.3le .*del 3r*3*sed i+ t2e N!RM0 T2e "ali*r+ia!2ase @ 3r*gra. establis2es sta+dards *r eig2t gas*li+e/2ara/teristi/s((sulur, be+7e+e, *lei+, ar*.ati/ 2ydr*/arb*+s,*yge+, RV!, T=% a+d T9%((a33li/able starti+g Mar/2 1, 19960 E!A?sa+alysis i+di/ated t2at "ali*r+ia !2ase @ gas*li+e ill 2a-e a greatere.issi*+ redu/ti*+ be+eit t2a+ ederal re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 T2isa+alysis als* i+di/ated t2at, i+ t2e /ase * VO", t*i/ a+d NOJINFKe.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e, "ali*r+ia !2ase @ gas*li+e 2as a greatere.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+ t2a+ ederal 32ase I gas*li+e, /*.3aredt* "lea+ Air A/t base gas*li+e0 E!A?s re-ie als* i+di/ated t2at t2e"ali*r+ia *yge+ >>lat li.it?? * 10& t* @0@ ill i+ 3ra/ti/e bee5ui-ale+t t* t2e @0% .i+i.u. *yge+ /*+te+t re5uired by t2e A/t0 'ee=& FR 11)46() February @6, 199C;0



T2e Age+/y 3r*3*sed t2at, ee/ti-e it2 t2e start * "ali*r+ia?s!2ase @ 3r*gra., regulated 3arties *uld be ee.3t r*. .eeti+g t2ee+*r/e.e+t re5uire.e+ts deali+g it2 /*.3lia+/e sur-eys se/ti*+&%069;, i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+d testi+g se/ti*+ &%0)%/;;,

desig+ati*+ * gas*li+e se/ti*+ &%0)%d;;, .ari+g * /*+-e+ti*+algas*li+e se/ti*+ &%0)%g;;, d*+strea. *yge+ate ble+di+g se/ti*+&%0)@;, re/*rd ee3i+g se/ti*+ &%0)4;, re3*rti+g se/ti*+ &%0)=;,3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts se/ti*+ &%0));, a+d a+tidu.3i+g re/*rdee3i+g se/ti*+ &%01%=; a+d re3*rti+g se/ti*+ &%01%6;0J'!K4@ etee+t2e <a+uary 1, 199=, start * t2e ederal 3r*gra. a+d t2e Mar/2 1,1996, start * t2e "ali*r+ia !2ase @ 3r*gra., E!A 3r*3*sed a .*reli.ited set * ee.3ti*+s r*. ederal e+*r/e.e+t re5uire.e+ts,s3e/ii/ally t2e /*.3lia+/e sur-ey a+d i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+d testi+gre5uire.e+ts se/ti*+s &%069 a+d &%0)%/;, res3e/ti-ely;0

P4P@ T2e +u.beri+g * .a+y 3r*-isi*+s i+ t2e 3r*3*sedregulati*+s 2as bee+ /2a+ged i+ t2e i+al rules0 F*r ea.3le,3r*3*sed 'e/0 &%069 is +* 'e/0 &%06&, 3r*3*sed 'e/0 &%0)%/; is +*'e/0 &%06=;, 3r*3*sed 'e/0 &%0)%d; is +* 'e/0 &%06=d;, 3r*3*sed'e/0 &%0)%g; is +* 'e/0 &%06=g;, a+d 3r*3*sed 'e/0 &%0)@ is +*'e/0 &%0690 "r*ss(reere+/es i+ t2e i+al "ali*r+ia e+*r/e.e+tee.3ti*+ regulati*+ 2a-e bee+ re-ised t* rele/t t2ese a+d *t2er+u.beri+g /2a+ges i+ t2e i+al re*r.ulated gas*li+e regulati*+s0

T2e Age+/y als* 3r*3*sed a +u.ber * restri/ti*+s *+ t2ea33li/ability * t2e "ali*r+ia e+*r/e.e+t ee.3ti*+s0 First, t2eee.3ti*+s *uld +*t a33ly t* gas*li+e s*ld i+ "ali*r+ia a+d 3r*du/edat a rei+ery l*/ated it2i+ t2e +ited 'tates but *utside "ali*r+ia0'i.ilarly, t2e ee.3ti*+s *uld +*t a33ly t* gas*li+e 3r*du/ed i+"ali*r+ia but s*ld *utside t2at 'tate0 'e/*+d, t2e ee.3ti*+s *uld+*t a33ly t* gas*li+e 3r*du/ed u+der a t*(year Mar/2 1, 1996, t2r*ug2February @9, 1996; ete+si*+ gra+ted t* s.all rei+ers u+der t2e"ali*r+ia regulati*+s0 T2ird, t2e ee.3ti*+s *uld be/*.e +ull a+d-*id i0e0, t2ey *uld +*t a33ly t* a+y "ali*r+ia regulated 3arty; ia+y gas*li+e *r.ulati*+ /ertiied by t2e 'tate usi+g a 3redi/ti-e.*del *r -e2i/le testi+g d*es +*t /*.3ly it2 t2e ederal re*r.ulatedgas*li+e sta+dards0 F*urt2, t2e e+*r/e.e+t ee.3ti*+s *uld /ease t*a33ly t* a 3arty gra+ted a -aria+/e by "ali*r+ia u+less E!A gra+tedrelie *r etra*rdi+ary /ir/u.sta+/es u+der se/ti*+ &%0)C * t2eederal regulati*+s0 Fit2, a regulated 3arty t2at is assessed a3e+alty *r a -i*lati*+ * eit2er t2e "ali*r+ia *r ederalre*r.ulated gas*li+e re5uire.e+ts *uld l*se its e+*r/e.e+t



ee.3ti*+s0 'u/2 a 3arty /*uld 3etiti*+ t2e Age+/y *r relie r*.t2is result, *r g**d /ause0; 'it2, t2e "ali*r+ia e+*r/e.e+tee.3ti*+s *uld a33ly *+ly duri+g t2e ti.e t2at t2e ederal 32ase I3r*gra. re.ai+s i+ ee/t i0e0, u+til t2e year @%%%;, sube/t t*ete+si*+ i+ a later rule.ai+g0

T2e February @6, 199C, N!RM /*+tai+s a .*re detailed dis/ussi*+ *t2e "ali*r+ia re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra., t2e Age+/y?s /*.3aris*+* t2e e.issi*+ redu/ti*+ be+eits * t2e "ali*r+ia a+d ederal3r*gra.s, a+d t2e 3r*3*sed "ali*r+ia e+*r/e.e+t ee.3ti*+ 3r*-isi*+s0T2at +*ti/e als* i+/ludes a detailed rati*+ale *r t2e 3r*3*sedee.3ti*+s a+d restri/ti*+s0 'ee =& FR 11)4)(11)=%0 T2e Age+/y re/ei-ed se-eral /*..e+ts *+ t2e 3r*3*sed "ali*r+iae+*r/e.e+t ee.3ti*+s, all * 2i/2 ere ge+erally su33*rti-e * t2eregulati*+0 M*st * t2ese /*..e+ts als* suggested -ari*us .*dii/ati*+sa+d /larii/ati*+s * t2e 3r*3*sed regulati*+s0 I+ t2is i+al rule t2e

Age+/y is 3r*.ulgati+g a re-ised -ersi*+ * t2e "ali*r+ia e+*r/e.e+tee.3ti*+s regulati*+, 2i/2 i+/ludes .a+y * t2e .*dii/ati*+sre/*..e+ded by /*..e+ters0J'!K4C A detailed dis/ussi*+ * t2ese/*..e+ts, t2e Age+/y?s res3*+ses t* t2ese /*..e+ts, a+d t2e.*dii/ati*+s .ade t* t2e 3r*3*sed rule is /*+tai+ed i+ a se3arate>>Res3*+ses t* "*..e+ts?? d*/u.e+t0 T2e *ll*i+g is a su..ary * t2e.*re sig+ii/a+t /2a+ges .ade t* t2e 3r*3*sed rule:

P4PCT2e Age+/y 2as re(a+aly7ed t2e relati-e e.issi*+ redu/ti*+be+eits * t2e "ali*r+ia !2ase II re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.a+d t2e ederal !2ase I 3r*gra., usi+g t2e /*.3le .*del bei+g3r*.ulgated t*day, a+d 2as agai+ /*+/luded t2at t2e "ali*r+ia3r*gra. is at least as stri+ge+t as t2e ederal 3r*gra.0 T2ea+alysis als* *u+d t2at uel .eeti+g t2e sta+dards * t2e"ali*r+ia !2ase II 3r*gra. 2as a greater VO", NOJINFK a+d t*i/3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+ t2a+ uel .eeti+g t2e ederal re*r.ulatedgas*li+e !2ase I sta+dards0 A /*3y * t2is a+alysis 2as bee+ 3la/edi+ t2e rule.ai+g d*/et0

T2e 3r*3*sed e/lusi*+ r*. t2e e+*r/e.e+t ee.3ti*+s * s.allrei+ers 2* are gra+ted a t*(year ete+si*+ u+der t2e "ali*r+ia3r*gra. 2as bee+ dr*33ed r*. t2e i+al rule0 T2e Age+/y 2as deter.i+edt2at t2e e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * uels .eeti+g t2e "ali*r+iare*r.ulated gas*li+e sta+dards t* 2i/2 t2ese rei+ers ill be sube/t



3r*3*sed i+ t2e N!RM0

T2e 3r*-isi*+ related t* it2draal * t2e e+*r/e.e+t ee.3ti*+s*+ t2e basis * /ertii/ati*+ by "ali*r+ia * a gas*li+e *r.ulati*+

t2at d*es +*t .eet t2e ederal re*r.ulated gas*li+e sta+dards 2as bee+.*diied i+ se-eral ays0 First a+d .*st i.3*rta+tly, t2e it2draalill *+ly a33ly t* t2e rei+er, i.3*rter *r ble+der * t2e +*+/*.3lyi+g*r.ulati*+, +*t t* all "ali*r+ia gas*li+e0 'e/*+d, a+y3arty 2*se gas*li+e is /ertiied u+der eit2er t2e 3redi/ti-e .*del *r-e2i/le testi+g 3r*-isi*+s * t2e "ali*r+ia regulati*+s ill bere5uired t* +*tiy t2e Age+/y it2i+ C% days * su/2 a /ertii/ati*+a+d t* sub.it a ritte+ de.*+strati*+ t2at t2e gas*li+e *r.ulati*+ isi+ /*.3lia+/e it2 ederal sta+dards0 I su/2 a de.*+strati*+ is +*tti.ely sub.itted, t2e ee.3ti*+s are aut*.ati/ally a+d i..ediately;l*st0 I a sub.itted de.*+strati*+ is deter.i+ed t* be i+/*rre/t by t2e

Age+/y, E!A ill +*tiy t2e 3arty by irst(/lass .ail;J'!K4= t2at itse+*r/e.e+t ee.3ti*+s ill e3ire *+ a /ertai+ date0 T2ird, t2e date*+ 2i/2 t2ese ee.3ti*+s ill e3ire 2as bee+ ete+ded t* +* earliert2a+ 9% days r*. t2e date * t2e E!A +*ti/e, t* 3r*-ide additi*+alti.e *r /*.3lia+/e0 T2e Age+/y belie-es t2at t2is additi*+al ti.e is+eeded t* /*.3ly it2 all * t2e .a+y e+*r/e.e+t re5uire.e+ts t2atill be/*.e a33li/able i a "ali*r+ia ee.3ti*+ is l*st0 I+3arti/ular, re5uire.e+ts su/2 as t2e i+de3e+de+t a+alysis re5uire.e+tsse/ti*+ &%06=;; a+d t2e /*.3lia+/e attest e+gage.e+t re5uire.e+tssub3art F; .ay re5uire t2e +eg*tiati*+ * /*+tra/ts it2 t2ird3arties0

P4P= e/ause t2e l*ss * t2e e+*r/e.e+t ee.3ti*+ ill a33ly t**+ly a si+gle 3arty rat2er t2a+ t* all 3r*du/ers a+d i.3*rters *"ali*r+ia gas*li+e;, t2e Age+/y d*es +*t belie-e t2at t2ere is a+eed *r a Federal Register +*ti/e a++*u+/i+g a deter.i+ati*+ *+*+(/*.3lia+/e as 3r*3*sed i+ t2e N!RM; a+d 2as deleted t2is3r*-isi*+ r*. t2e i+al rule0

T2e ee/ti-e date *r t2e it2draal * t2e e+*r/e.e+t ee.3ti*+s*+ t2e basis * a re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3e+alty assess.e+t 2as bee+ete+ded t* 9% days, a+d t2is 3r*-isi*+ 2as bee+ re-ised t* .ae /leart2at t2is gra/e 3eri*d d*es +*t begi+ u+til a+y i+teri. ad.i+istrati-e



a33eal 2as bee+ /*.3leted0 O+/e a i+al 3e+alty assess.e+t 2as bee+.ade by a+ age+/y *r a distri/t /*urt, t2e 9%(day 3eri*d ill begi+0 T2e 3r*-isi*+ related t* /*.3lia+/e it2 sta+dards *+ a-erage *ra+ a-eragi+g 3eri*d t2at is 3artly be*re a+d 3artly ater Mar/2 1,1996, 2as bee+ /lariied0 +der t2e i+al rule, 3r*du/ers a+d i.3*rters

2* ele/t t* de.*+strate /*.3lia+/e *+ a-erage it2 a+y ederalre*r.ulated gas*li+e sta+dardJ'!K46 ill be re5uired t* de.*+stratesu/2 /*.3lia+/e *r t* *-erla33i+g a-eragi+g 3eri*ds: <a+uary 1, 199=,t2r*ug2 8e/e.ber C1, 199= a+d Mar/2 1, 199=, t2r*ug2 February @9,19960 T2e 3r*3*sal /*uld 2a-e bee+ i+ter3reted t* re5uire /*.3lia+/eit2 t2ese sta+dards *r a t*(.*+t2 a-eragi+g 3eri*d i+ early 1996,2i/2 *uld be -ery dii/ult *r rei+ers t* .eet *+ a-erage a+d 2i/2as +*t i+te+ded by t2e Age+/y0

P4P6 I+ t2e /ase * rei+ers a+d i.3*rters usi+g t2e si.3le.*del, t2e sta+dards t2at .ay be .et *+ a-erage are t2e RV!,be+7e+e, *yge+, a+d t*i/s e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e sta+dards0 F*r3arties usi+g t2e /*.3le .*del, t2e sta+dards t2at .ay be .et *+a-erage are t2e be+7e+e, *yge+, a+d t*i/s a+d VO" e.issi*+s3er*r.a+/e sta+dards0

T2e 3r*-isi*+ i+te+ded t* 3r*2ibit t2e a-eragi+g * >>-ery /lea+??"ali*r+ia re*r.ulated gas*li+e it2 >>less /lea+?? ederalre*r.ulated gas*li+e 2as bee+ /lariied i+ t2e i+al rule0 I+additi*+, it 2as bee+ .ade a33li/able t* 3r*du/ers a+d i.3*rters * allgas*li+e sube/t t* t2e "ali*r+ia 3r*gra., +*t ust t* rei+ers a+di.3*rters l*/ated *utside t2e 'tate as as 3r*3*sed;0 'e/ti*+ &%0&1d;+* 3r*-ides t2at 3r*du/ers a+d i.3*rters * su/2 gas*li+e .ust e/ludet2e -*lu.e a+d 3r*3erties * "ali*r+ia re*r.ulated gas*li+e r*. all/*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e a+d ederal re*r.ulated gas*li+e s*ld else2ere,*r 3ur3*ses * de.*+strati+g /*.3lia+/e it2 sta+dards s3e/iied i+se/ti*+ &%041 a+d &%09%0 A+ *-erall de.*+strati*+ * /*.3lia+/e *r allgas*li+e "ali*r+ia a+d +*+("ali*r+ia; 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted is als*still re5uired0

T2e ee.3ti*+ r*. t2e ederal re/*rdee3i+g re5uire.e+ts 2as bee+.*diied t* re5uire t2e rete+ti*+ *r i-e years * re/*rds .a+dated byse/ti*+ @@)% * t2e "ali*r+ia re*r.ulated gas*li+e regulati*+s 2i/2



610ar*.ati/s, 2ere t2e test .et2*ds are relati-ely +e, t2e regulati*+6@03r*-ides *r *3ti*+al alter+ati-e .et2*ds *r rei+ers a+d i.3*rters t*6C0use t* .eet t2e testi+g re5uire.e+ts * se/ti*+ &%06=e; u+til <a+uary6401, 199), 3r*-idi+g lead(ti.e *r i+dustry t* a/5uire e5ui3.e+t a+d t*6=0be/*.e a.iliar it2 use * t2e regulat*ry .et2*ds0 O /*urse, t2ese

660alter+ati-e .et2*ds /a+ lieise be used at a+y ti.e *r dee+se6)03ur3*ses as l*+g as t2ere is /*rrelati*+ it2 t2e regulat*ry .et2*ds06&0690 Test Met2*ds +der 'e/ti*+ &%046)%0

)10 a0 Reid -a3*r 3ressure RV!;0 E!A 3r*3*sed t* use t2e A'TM .et2*d)@0E'(1= *r t2e 3r*/edure des/ribed i+ 4% "FR 3art &%, a33e+di/es 8 a+d E0)C0"*..e+ts a-*red t2e use * A'TM E'(1=0 D*e-er, it as +*ted t2at E'()401= is a te.3*rary e.erge+/y A'TM sta+dard a+d ill e3ire s2*rtly0 A'TM)=08(=191 is t2e 3er.a+e+t sta+dard0 It as als* +*ted t2at t2is .et2*d is)60suitable *r *yge+ated ble+ds0))0

)&0 "*..e+ters re5uested t2at E!A als* all* t2e t* dry .et2*ds set)90*rt2 i+ a33e+di/es 8 a+d E i+ 4% "FR 3art &%0 T2ese .et2*ds are t2e&%0.a+ual ta+ a+d gauge .et2*d, t2e Der7*g a+al*g .et2*d, a+d t2e Der7*g&10digital .et2*d0 I+ additi*+, a re5uest as .ade t* i+/lude t2e A'TM 8(&@0=19% .et2*d, a+ alter+ati-e .i+i .et2*d0&C0 E!A 2as de/ided t2at RV! .ust be deter.i+ed i+ a//*rda+/e it2 t2e&40.et2*d i+ 4% "FR 3art &%, a33e+di E, Met2*d C0 T2is .et2*d, -ery&=0si.ilar t* A'TM 8(=191, /learly /*.3lies it2 .a+y * t2e /riteria&60es3*used by A!I0 T2e .et2*d is si.3le a+d i+e3e+si-e0 I+dustry 2as&)0already begu+ t* gear u3 *r t2is .et2*d be/ause * its use i+ t2e&&0!2ase II V*latility regulati*+s0 It is a33r*3riate t* use t2e sa.e RV!&90test .et2*d *r t2e -*latility a+d re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.s t*9%03re-e+t /*+usi*+ a+d i+/*+siste+/ies0910 E!A 2as de/ided t2at t2e .et2*d i+ 4% "FR 3art &%, a33e+di E,9@0Met2*d C ill be t2e *+ly regulat*ry -*latility test .et2*d0 As it29C0t2e -*latility rule, *t2er .et2*ds .ay be used *r dee+se 3ur3*ses as940l*+g as t2e .et2*d used is 3r*3erly /*rrelated it2 t2e regulat*ry9=0.et2*d0 4% "FR 3art &%, a33e+di E, Met2*d C, !aragra32 904;0 'ee, =&960FR 144)6 Mar/2 1), 199C; *r a .*re t2*r*ug2 dis/ussi*+ regardi+g t2e9)0/2*i/e * a si+gle -*latility test .et2*d09&0 b0 8istillati*+s0 E!A 3r*3*sed t* use t2e A'TM .et2*d 8(&6(&@ as990t2e regulat*ry test .et2*d, a+d /*..e+ts ere a-*rable it2 regard t*1%%0 t2is .et2*d0 It as +*ted, 2*e-er, t2at t2e .et2*d as u3dated i+1%10 N*-e.ber 199%0 T2is .*st re/e+t re-isi*+ * t2is .et2*d is A'TM 8(&6(1%@01%C0 O+e /*..e+ter re5uested t2at t2e la+guage be .*re s3e/ii/0 A+*t2er1%40 /*..e+ter suggested t2at a +eer .et2*d, 8(C)1%, 2i/2 is a gas1%=0 /2r*.at*gra32y .et2*d, be used0 A +*tati*+ as als* .ade t2at t2e



1%60 re3eatability a+d re3r*du/ibility igures i+ degrees Fa2re+2eit i+ t2e1%)0 A'TM .et2*d 8(&6(9% ere i+/*rre/t01%&0

1%90 E!A 2as de/ided t2at t2e distillati*+ 3ara.eters .ust be deter.i+ed

11%0 i+ a//*rda+/e it2 t2e A'TM .et2*d 8(&6(9%0 T2e regulat*ry la+guage2as1110 bee+ a.e+ded t* state t2at t2e igures *r re3eatability a+d11@0 re3r*du/ibility gi-e+ i+ degrees Fa2re+2eit i+ Table 9 i+ t2e A'TM11C0 .et2*d are i+/*rre/t, a+d .ay +*t be used0 As it2 all t2e 3ara.eters,1140 t2ere ill be *+ly *+e regulat*ry distillati*+ test .et2*d0 D*e-er,11=0 *t2er suitable .et2*ds .ay be used *r dee+se 3ur3*ses but +*t t*1160 .eet .a+dat*ry testi+g re5uire.e+ts; as l*+g as t2ey are 3r*3erly11)0 /*rrelated it2 t2e regulat*ry test .et2*d0 E!A is alays i+terested i+11&0 t2e de-el*3.e+t * alter+ati-e .et2*ds i t2ey are as a//urate a+d1190 3re/ise as t2e regulat*ry test .et2*d0 Ma+y * t2e 3ara.eters i+1@%0 re*r.ulated gas*li+e /a+ be .easured by a gas /2r*.at*gra32 it2 a+1@10 a33r*3riate dete/t*r0 F*r t2is reas*+, it .ig2t be a33r*3riate t*1@@0 e3l*re t2e de-el*3.e+t * t2e 8(C)1% .et2*d *r s*.e alter+ati-e gas1@C0 /2r*.at*gra32i/ .et2*d it2 a+ a33r*3riate dete/t*r *r uture use as1@40 t2e distillati*+ test .et2*d01@=0

1@60 /0 e+7e+e0 E!A 3r*3*sed t* use A'TM .et2*d 8(C6%6 *r t2e1@)0 regulat*ry test .et2*d, a+d .*st /*..e+ters ere i+ agree.e+t it2 t2e1@&0 use * t2is .et2*d0 D*e-er, /*..e+ters +*ted t2at *t2er a//e3table gas1@90 /2r*.at*gra32i/ .et2*ds eist *r t2e deter.i+ati*+ * be+7e+e su/2 as1C%0 8(4&1= a gas*li+e *yge+ate .et2*d; a+d 8(44@% a+ ar*.ati/s .et2*d;01C10 "*..e+ts ere .ade t2at 8(C6%6 re5uires a dedi/ated /2r*.at*gra32 *r 1C@0 be+7e+e i+ gas*li+e *+ly0 It as als* +*ted t2at t2e 8(C6%6 results .ay1CC0 be ae/ted by i+terere+/e r*. t2e 3rese+/e * et2a+*l a+d .et2a+*l01C40 E!A 2as de/ided t2at t2e si+gle regulat*ry .et2*d *r .easuri+g1C=0 /*+/e+trati*+ * be+7e+e ill be A'TM .et2*d 8(C6%6(9@0 8ue t* t2e1C60 3*ssibility * a slig2t i+terere+/e r*. et2a+*l a+d .et2a+*l i+ t2e1C)0 test results, t2e .et2*d 2as bee+ a.e+ded by t2e regulati*+ t* re5uire1C&0 t2at t2e i+stru.e+t 3ara.eters be adusted t* e+sure /*.3lete1C90 res*luti*+ * t2e be+7e+e, et2a+*l a+d .et2a+*l 3eas0 As it2 all14%0 re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3ara.eters, E!A 2as /2*se+ *+e regulat*ry test1410 .et2*d0 D*e-er, it s2*uld be +*ted t2at t2e 3rese+/e * be+7e+e /a+ be14@0 tested als* by t2e #"(M', t2e regulat*ry .et2*d *r ar*.ati/s testi+g014C0 Bit2 t2e #"(M', t2ere s2*uld +*t be a 3r*ble. it2 t2e 3rese+/e *1440 *yge+ates a+d a dedi/ated /2r*.at*gra32 is +*t +eeded0 E!A is14=0 i+terested i+ t2e 3*ssibility * 3arti/i3ati+g it2 i+dustry i+ t2e1460 de-el*3.e+t * t2e #"(M' .et2*d *r be+7e+e014)0 d0 Ar*.ati/s0 E!A 3r*3*sed t* use t2e #as "2r*.at*gra32(Mass14&0 '3e/tr*.etry #"(M'; .et2*d, de-el*3ed by E!A, *r t*tal ar*.ati/s1490 deter.i+ati*+0



1=%0

1=10 M*st /*..e+ters *33*sed t2e .et2*d 3r*3*sed by E!A0 O+e/*..e+ter

1=@0 re/*..e+ded delayi+g sele/ti*+ * a lab test .et2*d u+til t2e 3r*/edure

1=C0 /a+ be e-aluated a+d /*.3letely de-el*3ed0 "*..e+ters als* /riti/i7ed1=40 t2e .et2*d *r its /*st, t2e a.*u+t * ti.e t2e .et2*d de.a+ds, a+d1==0 be/ause i+dustry eels t2at t2e .et2*d ill re5uire 2ig2ly s3e/iali7ed1=60 sta0 O+e /*..e+ter stated t2at t2e 3r*3*sed .et2*d as s* i+/*.3lete1=)0 t2at it as +*t 3*ssible t* 3r*-ide detailed te/2+i/al /*..e+ts *+ it01=&0 M*st /*..e+ters suggested t2at E!A ad*3t A'TM .et2*d 8(1C19, a1=90 lu*res/e+t i+di/at*r abs*r3ti*+ .et2*d016%0 E!A 2as de/ided t* ad*3t t2e 3r*3*sed .et2*d, t2e #"(M', as t2e1610 si+gle regulat*ry .et2*d *r t2e deter.i+ati*+ * t*tal ar*.ati/s016@0 D*e-er, be/ause t2e .et2*d is relati-ely +e, lea-i+g i+dustry little16C0 ti.e t* s/ruti+i7e t2e .et2*d, t2e i+al regulati*+s all* use * A'TM1640 .et2*d 8(1C19(9C u+til <a+uary 1, 199) *r 3ur3*ses * .eeti+g t2e16=0 i+dustry testi+g re5uire.e+ts u+der se/ti*+ &%06=e;, 3r*-ided t2is1660 .et2*d is /*rrelated it2 t2e #"(M' .et2*d0 T2is t* year tra+siti*+16)0 3eri*d s2*uld all* sui/ie+t ti.e *r i+dustry t* 3ur/2ase e5ui3.e+t16&0 a+d be/*.e a.iliar it2 t2e +e .et2*d0 I+ additi*+, duri+g t2is ti.e1690 3eri*d, it is a+ti/i3ated t2at E!A a+d i+dustry /a+ dis/uss a+y1)%0 3r*ble.s t2at .ig2t arise as a result * t2e +e .et2*d bei+g1)10 3r*.ulgated0 M*re*-er, t2e #"(M' .et2*d 2as bee+ reritte+ t* 3r*-ide1)@0 .*re detail a+d s3e/ii/ity01)C0

1)40 E!A is aare t2at i+dustry is u+/*.*rtable it2 a +ely de-el*3ed1)=0 .et2*d t2at 2as +*t 2ad t2e usual r*u+d(r*bi+ testi+g *r ete+si-e1)60 3arti/i3ati*+ by A'TM0 D*e-er, E!A belie-es t2at t2e .et2*d a-ailable,1))0 8(1C19, is s* ar/2ai/ 2e+ /*.3ared it2 3rese+t day te/2+*l*gy, a+d1)&0 2as su/2 etre.ely 3**r a//ura/y a+d 3re/isi*+, t2at it is +e/essary t*1)90 de-el*3 a +e .et2*d0 Furt2er.*re, 8(1C19 2as +*t bee+ 3r*-e+ ee/ti-e1&%0 it2 *yge+ated uels e-e+ t2*ug2 t2e u3dated -ersi*+ d*es i+/lude a1&10 .ulti3li/ati*+ a/t*r t* use 2e+ *yge+ates are 3rese+t0 E!A als*1&@0 belie-es t2at it d*es +*t 2a-e t2e /2*i/e * lea-i+g t2e .et2*d *3e+1&C0 u+til t2e #"(M' /*uld be e-aluated .*re t2*r*ug2ly gi-e+ t2e ti.i+g *1&40 t2e i+al rule0 E!A belie-es t2e #"(M' is a de3e+dable, a//urate a+d1&=0 3re/ise .et2*d t2at, it2 t2e aid * i+dustry, /a+ be a33lied i+ t2e1&60 +ear uture t* .a+y * t2e *t2er re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3ara.eters0 T2e1&)0 e-e+tual use *r se-eral 3ara.eters s2*uld s*.e2at *set t2e i+itial1&&0 /*st0 E!A als* belie-es, based *+ 3ers*+al e3erie+/e, t2at t2e #"(M'1&90 a33aratus is readily usable by /*.3ete+t lab te/2+i/ia+s it2 ab*ut *+e19%0 ee * trai+i+g0 It is less 3ers*++el(i+te+si-e a+d .*re a//urate t2a+1910 t2e 8(1C19 .et2*d019@0



19C0 e0 Oyge+ a+d Oyge+ates0 E!A 3r*3*sed t* use t2e #"(Oyge+ate1940 Fla.e I*+i7ati*+ 8ete/t*r OFI8; .et2*d *r deter.i+i+g *yge+ /*+te+t019=0 Ma+y /*..e+ters *be/ted t* t2e OFI8 .et2*d due t* t2e a/t t2at A'TM1960 is still re-iei+g it t2r*ug2 r*u+d(r*bi+ testi+g a+d 3re/isi*+19)0 i+*r.ati*+ is +*t 3rese+tly +*+0 "*..e+ters ere /*+/er+ed it2 t2e

19&0 lab*rat*ry ti.e re5uired a+d t2e 2ig2 deteri*rati*+ a+d re3la/e.e+t1990 rate /*st * t2e /ra/er rea/t*r0 "*..e+ters ere als* /*+/er+ed it2@%%0 3*ssible i+/reased d*+(ti.e i+ t2e lab*rat*ry0 M*st /*..e+ters@%10 suggested t2at A'TM .et2*d 8(4&1=, a .et2*d used by i+dustry duri+g

t2e@%@0 i+ter *yge+ate seas*+, be used *r testi+g *yge+ates0 '*.e@%C0 /*..e+ters als* suggested t2e use * 3*rtable I+rared IR; a+aly7ers@%40 be/ause * t2eir l* /*st a+d ra3id results0@%=0 E!A 2as /2*se+ t* use t2e #"(OFI8 .et2*d as t2e si+gle regulat*ry@%60 .et2*d *r .easuri+g *yge+ /*+te+t a+d *yge+ates0 As it2 t2e@%)0 ar*.ati/s deter.i+ati*+, E!A elt /*.3elled t* de-el*3 a +e .et2*d@%&0 gi-e+ t2e s2*rt/*.i+gs * t2e .et2*ds 3rese+tly a-ailable0 D*e-er, t2e@%90 A'TM .et2*d 8(4&1=(9C /a+ be used *r t2e /*.3*u+ds s3e/iied i+ t2e@1%0 .et2*d u+til <a+uary 1, 199) t* .eet i+dustry testi+g re5uire.e+ts@110 u+der se/ti*+ &%06=e;0 A'TM .et2*d 8(4&1= 2as bee+ used *r 5uite

s*.e@1@0 ti.e, but it2 t2e additi*+ * 2ea-ier *yge+ates, 8(4&1= 2as be/*.e@1C0 i+/reasi+gly dii/ult t* use0 E!A is aare t2at t2ere 2as bee+ a+@140 atte.3t t* e3a+d t2e s/*3e a+d ra+ge * 8(4&1= t* i+/lude 2ea-ier@1=0 *yge+ates as set *rt2 i+ 8(4&1=(9C;0 D*e-er, t2e l*+ger *+e 2as t*@160 ait t* etra/t t2e 2ea-ier *yge+ates, t2e .*re liely it is t2at@1)0 2ydr*/arb*+s ill be dra+ *ut it2 t2e *yge+ates, i+tereri+g it2@1&0 t2e test results0 I+ additi*+, E!A is +*t satisied it2 t2e a//ura/y@190 * 8(4&1=0 T2e re3r*du/ibility a+d re3eatability a/t*rs are 5uite@@%0 large0 !rese+tly, OFI8 is t2e *+ly a//urate .et2*d +*+ t2at is@@10 /a3able * testi+g *r *yge+ates at all ra+ges0 E!A belie-es a@@@0 reliable, a//urate a+d 3re/ise .et2*d t2at is /a3able * testi+g *r@@C0 *yge+ates at all ra+ges is re5uired 2e+ t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e@@40 re5uire.e+ts g* i+t* ee/t0@@=0

@@60 E!A 2as bee+ usi+g #"(OFI8 *r *ur years0 8uri+g t2at 3eri*d, t2e@@)0 /ra/er rea/t*r 2as re5uired re3la/e.e+t *+ *+ly *+e *//asi*+0 E!A 2as@@&0 2ad t2e *33*rtu+ity t* use -ari*us 3*rtable IR .et2*ds *r ield@@90 s/ree+i+g tests a+d 2as bee+ 3leased it2 t2e results0 D*e-er,@C%0 alt2*ug2 t2ese are e/elle+t s/ree+i+g de-i/es, t2ey are +*t 3rese+tly@C10 at t2e stage * de-el*3.e+t t2at *uld all* t2eir use as a regulat*ry@C@0 e+*r/e.e+t .et2*d0@CC0

@C40 0 'ulur0 E!A 3r*3*sed t* use a+ i+du/ti-ely /*u3led 3las.a at*.i/@C=0 e.issi*+ s3e/tr*.eter I"!(AE'; .et2*d *r sulur a+alysis t2at as



@))0 *r .ai.u. le-els u+der t2e si.3le .*del0@)&0 "*..e+ters suggested t2at E!A s2*uld set e+*r/e.e+t test@)90 t*lera+/es *r all se-e+ 3ara.eters0 O+e /*..e+ter stated t2e belie@&%0 t2at E!A is re5uired by t2e "lea+ Air A/t t* set e+*r/e.e+t test@&10 t*lera+/es0 Ma+y /*..e+ters re5uested e+*r/e.e+t le+ie+/y

d*+strea.@&@0 s* t2at 3i3eli+es, 2ile atte.3ti+g t* stay i+ /*.3lia+/e, d* +*t *r/e@&C0 rei+ers t* 3r*du/e re*r.ulated gas*li+e at e-e+ l*er s3e/ii/ati*+s@&40 t2a+ t2e regulati*+s re5uire0@&=0

@&60 a0 Issues Regardi+g B2et2er E+*r/e.e+t Test T*lera+/es Are@&)0 Re5uired0 T2ere are t2ree s3e/ii/ 3r*-isi*+s i+ t2e se/ti*+ @11;@&&0 t2at reer t* establis2i+g test t*lera+/es0 T2e irst, se/ti*+@&90 @11;C;A;, establis2es a *r.ula uel as t2e statut*ry .i+i.u. *r@9%0 VO" a+d t*i/ e.issi*+s redu/ti*+s, i t2e *r.ula uel is .*re@910 stri+ge+t t2a+ t2e 3er*r.a+/e sta+dards *u+d i+ se/ti*+ @11;C;;0@9@0 T2e *r.ula i+/ludes a .i+i.u. *yge+ /*+te+t * @0% t0 >>sube/t t*@9C0 a testi+g t*lera+/e establis2ed by t2e Ad.i+istrat*r0?? T2is 3r*-isi*+@940 is i+a33li/able, 2*e-er, as E!A 2as deter.i+ed t2at t2e 3er*r.a+/e@9=0 sta+dards i+ se/ti*+ @11;C;; are .*re stri+ge+t t2a+ t2e *r.ula@960 uel0@9)0

@9&0 'e/*+d, se/ti*+ @11;4;"; * t2e A/t re5uires t2at E!A establis2@990 >>a33r*3riate .easures *, a+d .et2*d*l*gy *r, as/ertai+i+g t2eC%%0 e.issi*+s * air 3*lluta+ts i+/ludi+g /al/ulati*+s, e5ui3.e+t, a+dC%10 testi+g t*lera+/es;0?? T2is 3r*-isi*+ addresses te/2+i/al issuesC%@0 regardi+g .easure.e+t *r deter.i+ati*+ * e.issi*+s * -ari*us airC%C0 3*lluta+ts, a+d d*es +*t re5uire t2at E!A establis2 e+*r/e.e+t testC%40 t*lera+/es0 "*+gress .*st liely e3e/ted t2at i+di-idual -e2i/leC%=0 testi+g by rei+ers, i.3*rters, a+d E!A *uld be t2e basis *rC%60 5ua+tiyi+g t2e e.issi*+s redu/ti*+s r*. re*r.ulated gas*li+es, it2C%)0 /ertii/ati*+ * re*r.ulated gas*li+e based *+ su/2 i+di-idual testC%&0 3r*gra.s0J'!K4) I+ usi+g a large data base r*. se-eral -e2i/le testC%90 3r*gra.s E!A 2as eer/ised t2e aut2*rity 3r*-ided u+der t2is 3r*-isi*+,C1%0 a+d 2as establis2ed e.issi*+s .*dels t2at are .u/2 .*re a//urate a+dC110 reliable 3redi/t*rs * e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e t2a+ i+di-idual -e2i/leC1@0 test 3r*gra.s0 Variability i+ test results as a//*u+ted *r i+ t2eC1C0 .*deli+g 3r*/ess itsel, s* t2at t2e .*dels i+/lude a >>testC140 t*lera+/e?? based *+ a-eragi+g * test results r*. t2e -e2i/le testC1=0 3r*gra.s u+derlyi+g t2e e.issi*+s .*dels0C160

C1)0



P4P)B2ile "*+gress a33are+tly e3e/ted t2at E!A *uld i+ alllieli2**d establis2 a -e2i/le testi+g 3r*gra. t* .easure e.issi*+sa+d /ertiy re*r.ulated gas*li+e, E!A 2as i+stead ad*3ted a+e.issi*+ .*del t2at is built *+ .a+y diere+t test 3r*gra.s0 T* t2eete+t >>/al/ulati*+s, e5ui3.e+t, a+d testi+g t*lera+/es?? is still

rele-a+t i+ t2is /*+tet, it is tae+ t* address testi+g +eeded t*use t2e .*del, su/2 as testi+g * a gas*li+e t* *btai+ data *ri+3ut i+t* t2e .*del0 T2e test 3r*/edures ad*3ted by E!A ty3i/allyi+/lude 3r*-isi*+s desig+ed t* address test -ariability0 I+ additi*+E!A?s regulati*+s s3e/iy test t*lera+/es *r -ari*us 3ara.eters,su/2 as 2e+ a rei+er a+d a+ *utside lab*rat*ry .easure t2e uels3ara.eters, a+d s3e/iy t2e a//e3table ra+ge *r su/2 3ara.eters i+usi+g t2e .*del0

E!A 2as establis2ed a33r*3riate test 3r*/edures *r use it2 t2e.*del, but t2ey .easure +*t air 3*lluti*+ e.issi*+s but uel 3ara.eter-alues +eeded t* *3erate t2e .*del0 4% "FR &%0460 E!A 2as, 2*e-er,establis2ed test t*lera+/es t* deter.i+e 2e+ uel 3ara.eter -alues area//e3table *r use i+ t2e .*del, as ell as li.its *+ t2e ra+ge * t2e3ara.eters *r t2e .*del0 B2ere a rei+er *r i.3*rter sees t* aug.e+tt2e e.issi*+s .*del t2r*ug2 a -e2i/le test 3r*gra., E!A?s regulati*+sals* i+/lude 3r*-isi*+s *+ testi+g a+d /al/ulati*+s, a+d a//*u+t *rtest t*lera+/es t2r*ug2 t2e a-eragi+g * -e2i/le test results0 E!Abelie-es t2ese ully i.3le.e+t a+y re5uire.e+t t* establis2 testt*lera+/es i+ a /*+tet 2ere a+ e.issi*+s .*del is t2e .et2*d*l*gy t*deter.i+e air 3*lluta+t e.issi*+s0

'*.e /*..e+ters 3*i+t t* la+guage * -ari*us legislat*rs .adeduri+g t2e l**r debate *+ t2e "lea+ Air A/t A.e+d.e+ts * 199%0 I+ t2el**r debate, -ari*us "*+gress.e+ .ade ge+eral state.e+ts *+ t2e issue* 2et2er E!A .ust 3r*-ide e+*r/e.e+t t*lera+/es u+der se/ti*+@11;4;";0J'!K4& T2ere is +* /lear i+di/ati*+ i+ t2ese state.e+tst2at "*+gress i+te+ded i+ se/ti*+ @11;4;"; t* .a+date /2a+ges i+t2e +u.eri/al sta+dards ad*3ted by E!A, *r t* .a+date a regulat*ryeer/ise * e+*r/e.e+t dis/reti*+0 I+stead t2ese l**r debatestate.e+ts are .*st reas*+ably read as i+di/ati+g t2at E!A s2*uldestablis2 reas*+able testi+g t*lera+/es i+ t2e 3r*/edures a+d.et2*d*l*gies ad*3ted t* 5ua+tiy air 3*lluta+ts *r t2e re*r.ulatedgas*li+e a+d a+ti(du.3i+g 3r*gra.s, s* t2at t2e regulated /*..u+ity a+dE!A /a+ .easure t2ese air 3*lluta+ts i+ a *rable, -eriiable .a++erit2*ut u+due /*st0 E!A belie-es t2at its regulati*+s ully i.3le.e+tt2is *be/ti-e0 T* t2e ete+t t2ese state.e+ts duri+g t2e l**r debate



are read t* i.3ly t2at >>testi+g t*lera+/es?? s2*uld be i+ter3reted t2esa.e *r 3ur3*ses * se/ti*+ @11;@;; a+d @11;4;";, E!Ares3e/tully ree/ts t2is i+ter3retati*+ as /*+trary t* t2e i+te+t *"*+gress as e3ressed i+ t2e la+guage * t2e A/t0 Furt2er.*re, l**rdebate 5u*tes are +*t aut2*ritati-e as t* t2e .ea+i+g * t2e A/t,

es3e/ially 2ere su/2 state.e+ts are /*+trary t* t2e la+guage * t2e A/t itsel0

P4P&'ee, e0g0, state.e+t by "*+gress.a+ Dall at 1C6 "*+g0 Re/0D1@9%1 O/t*ber @6, 199%0; >>A reas*+able testi+g t*lera+/e ise3ressly 3r*-ided *r *yge+ i+ +e @11;@;;0 +der@11;4;";, E!A .ust als* establis2 reas*+able testi+g t*lera+/es*r all *t2er as3e/ts * t2is 3r*gra., t* .i+i.i7e /*st a+d .ae it*rable a+d -eriiable i+ t2e real *rld0 E!A is s3e/ii/allye3e/ted t* 3r*.3tly establis2 su/2 t*lera+/e li.its0 'i.ilarreas*+able t*lera+/es are i+te+ded *r t2e "O 3r*gra. i+ @11.;0??

T2e t2ird rele-a+t statut*ry 3r*-isi*+ is se/ti*+ @11;@;;0T2ere "*+gress tied t2e testi+g t*lera+/e re5uire.e+t t* t2e le-el *t2e sta+dard itsel0 T2is 3r*-isi*+ establis2es a .i+i.u. *yge+/*+te+t re5uire.e+t *r t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e * >>@0% 3er/e+t byeig2t sube/t t* a testi+g t*lera+/e establis2ed by t2e

Ad.i+istrat*r;??0 +lie se/ti*+ @11;4;";, 2i/2 addresseste/2+i/al issues regardi+g .easure.e+t * air 3*lluta+ts, t2is3r*-isi*+ addresses t2e le-el * t2e sta+dard itsel a+d /*.3lia+/eit2 t2e *yge+ /*+te+t re5uire.e+t0 E!A i+ter3rets t2is as re5uiri+gestablis2.e+t * a reas*+able testi+g t*lera+/e *r t2e *yge+ /*+te+tre5uire.e+t0 As i+ t2e i+ter ti.e *yge+ated gas*li+e 3r*gra., E!A isestablis2i+g t2is t*lera+/e as %0C% t0 *yge+0 +lie se/ti*+@11;4;";, t2ere is +* e3li/it re5uire.e+t t2at t2is t*lera+/e bei+/*r3*rated i+t* t2e regulati*+s, a+d gi-e+ t2e +ature * a+e+*r/e.e+t testi+g t*lera+/e E!A is +*t ad*3ti+g it as a rule0 b0 T2e dis/reti*+ary +ature * e+*r/e.e+t test t*lera+/es0 Asdis/ussed ab*-e, e+*r/e.e+t test t*lera+/es are +*t re5uired by t2e

A/t e/e3t *r *yge+ate testi+g 3ursua+t t* se/ti*+ @11;@;;, a+de-e+ t2ere, "*+gress let t* E!A?s dis/reti*+ at 2at le-el su/2t*lera+/e s2*uld be set as ell as a+y /riteria E!A *uld use0 E!A 2as/areully /*+sidered t2e .a+y /*..e+ts regardi+g test t*lera+/es0 A+ytest t*lera+/e *uld i+-*l-e establis2i+g a 3*li/y t2at t2e Age+/y*uld *reg* a+ e+*r/e.e+t a/ti*+ u+less, i+ testi+g a+ e+*r/e.e+tsa.3le, E!A *u+d t2at a sta+dard as e/eeded by a set a.*u+t0 Ot2er



a33r*3riate /*+diti*+s /*uld als* be re5uired, su/2 as e-ide+/e t2att2e regulated 3arty /*+du/ted a33r*3riate sa.3li+g a+d testi+g0Establis2i+g a+ e+*r/e.e+t t*lera+/e based *+ testi+g *r a+y *t2era/t*r is a .atter s*lely it2i+ t2e Age+/y?s e+*r/e.e+t dis/reti*+,a+d is +*t addressed by se/ti*+ @11;, e/e3t *r 3ur3*ses * t2e

*yge+ /*+te+t re5uire.e+ts * se/ti*+ @11;@;;0 As des/ribedbel*, E!A 2as de/ided t* a++*u+/e its /urre+t 3*siti*+ *+ e+*r/e.e+ttest t*lera+/es it2 res3e/t t* se-eral * t2e e.issi*+ a+d /*+te+tsta+dards s3e/iied *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e sube/t t* t2e si.3le.*del0

E!A is aare t2at as a result * t2e gas*li+e -*latilityregulati*+s at 4% "FR &%0@)(@&, .a+y 3i3eli+es *+ly a//e3t gas*li+e2i/2 tests bel* t2e RV! sta+dard .i+us a .argi+ * saety set by t2e3i3eli+es0 I+ s*.e /ases, t2e .argi+ * saety set by t2e 3i3eli+es ise5ual t* t2e re3r*du/ibility * t2e RV! test .et2*d0 Ma+y /*..e+terse3ressed /*+/er+ t2at a si.ilar 3i3eli+e 3*li/y als* *uld a33ly t*t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e .ai.u.L.i+i.u. 3ara.eters0 ieise, E!A is/*+/er+ed ab*ut d*+strea. 3arties 2* 2a-e li.ited /*+tr*l *-er t2e5uality * t2e 3r*du/t re/ei-ed0 F*r ea.3le, gas*li+e i+ t2e /ust*dy* a 3i3eli+e *r ter.i+al .ay be t2e 3r*du/t * se-eral /*..i+gledrei+ery s2i3.e+ts0 I+ lig2t * t2ese /*+/er+s, E!A i+te+ds t* it22*ld3r*se/uti*+ * d*+strea. 3arties su/2 as 3i3eli+es a+d ter.i+als,2ere 3r*3er sa.3li+g a+d testi+g by t2e d*+strea. 3arty s2*s t2att2e 3r*du/t e/eeds sta+dard but tests it2i+ t2e t*lera+/e set by E!A,a+d 2ere t2ere is +* reas*+ t* belie-e t2at t2e 3arty /aused t2egas*li+e t* e/eed t2e sta+dard0

40 E+*r/e.e+t Test T*lera+/e Values

Al.*st e-ery /*..e+ter suggested t2at E!A use re3r*du/ibility *re+*r/e.e+t t*lera+/es0 "*..e+ters suggested t2at be/ause t2e/*.3aris*+ * test results r*. diere+t lab*rat*ries is i+e-itable,it is +e/essary t* i+/*r3*rate a+ a33r*3riate .easure * t2e-ariability betee+ lab*rat*ries0

E!A 2as de/ided i+ its dis/reti*+ t* ad*3t e+*r/e.e+t testt*lera+/es *r /ertai+ re5uire.e+ts i+ additi*+ t* *yge+ /*+te+t0 Asdis/ussed ab*-e, t2e "lea+ Air A/t d*es +*t re5uire e+*r/e.e+t testi+gt*lera+/es *r t2e si re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3ara.eters *t2er t2a+*yge+ i0e0, RV!, distillati*+s, be+7e+e, ar*.ati/s, sulur, a+d*lei+s;0 I+ additi*+, *+ly t2ree uel 3ara.eters RV!, *yge+, a+dbe+7e+e; 2a-e .ai.u. a+dL*r .i+i.u. sta+dards u+der t2e si.3le .*del0



T2ere*re, t2ese si.3le .*del 3ara.eters are t2e *+ly *+es liely t*i+-*l-e E!A testi+g *r e+*r/e.e+t 3ur3*ses0 Alt2*ug2 +*t re5uired t*d* s*, E!A 2as de/ided t* set *rt2 i+ t2e 3rea.ble * t2is Ruletesti+g t*lera+/es *r t2ese 3ara.eters, i+ *rder t* 3r*-ide regulatede+tities it2 i+*r.ati*+ * i+terest t* t2e. regardi+g E!A?s

e+*r/e.e+t 3r*gra.0

I+ uels e+*r/e.e+t 3r*gra.s u+der Title II * t2e "lea+ Air A/t,E!A ge+erally uses data *btai+ed r*. its *+ lab*rat*ry t* deter.i+et2e a33r*3riate+ess * a+y testi+g t*lera+/e0 At t2e 3rese+t ti.e,2*e-er, sui/ie+t data +eeded t* deter.i+e e+*r/e.e+t testi+gt*lera+/es based *+ E!A lab*rat*ry data are +*t a-ailable0 T2ere*re,E!A is setti+g i+itial test t*lera+/es sui/ie+tly large t* assuret2at a+y /*.3ete+t lab*rat*ry testi+g a /*+*r.i+g sa.3le /*uld arri-eat results t2at *uld i+di/ate t2at t2e sa.3le as +*t i+ -i*lati*+0D*e-er, E!A .ay ad*3t +e t*lera+/es as data *+ test .et2*ds arede-el*3ed, as te/2+*l*gy /2a+ges, *r as urt2er i+*r.ati*+ be/*.esa-ailable /*+/er+i+g t2e 3re/isi*+ a+d a//ura/y * a 3arti/ular .et2*d,2et2er establis2ed by E!A *r by .ulti3le testi+g 3r*t*/*l0 T2e test t*lera+/e is *+ly t* be used by E!A t* deter.i+e 2et2era+ e+*r/e.e+t a/ti*+ s2*uld be br*ug2t0 It is E!A?s /*+te+ti*+ t2ata+y sa.3le t2at is *-er t2e sta+dard is i+ -i*lati*+0 D*e-er, +*e+*r/e.e+t a/ti*+ ill be br*ug2t i t2e sa.3le is *-er t2e sta+dard,but it2i+ t2e t*lera+/e0 Furt2er.*re, rei+ers a+d i.3*rters .ay +*tuse t2e t*lera+/e t* e3a+d t2e a33li/able sta+dard0 I t2e rei+er *ri.3*rter results s2* t2e 3r*du/t t* be ab*-e t2e sta+dard, t2e+ t2e3r*du/t is i+ -i*lati*+ regardless * 2et2er *r +*t it is it2i+ t2et*lera+/e0

T* better establis2 t2e .*st a33r*3riate test t*lera+/es, E!A3r*3*ses a *i+t e*rt betee+ E!A a+d i+dustry t* de-el*3 a gas*li+esta+dard it2 +*+ 3r*3erties 2i/2 /*uld be used by all lab*rat*ries*r /alibrati*+ 3ur3*ses a+d *r dete/ti+g lab*rat*ry biases0 E!A 2as +*t i+/luded i+ t2is !rea.ble t2e e+*r/e.e+t t*lera+/es*r VO" a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e, but i+te+ds t* issueguida+/e t2at i+/ludes t2ese e+*r/e.e+t t*lera+/es it2i+ t2e +etse-eral .*+t2s0 T2e t*lera+/es a33li/able u+der t2e /*.3le .*del illbe a33lied by E!A i+ t2e .a++er dis/ussed ab*-e0 T2e *ll*i+g e+*r/e.e+t t*lera+/es /urre+tly are a33li/able u+dert2e si.3le .*del:

a0 RV!0 A t*lera+/e * %0C% 3si ill be all*ed *r RV! i+ *rdert* be /*+siste+t it2 t2e t*lera+/e le-el /urre+tly used i+ t2egas*li+e -*latility 3r*gra.0



b0 Oyge+0 T2e *yge+ t*lera+/e ill be %0C% eig2t 3er/e+t *yge+,2i/2 is /*+siste+t it2 t2e test t*lera+/e /urre+tly i+ use i+ t2ei+ter *yge+ate 3r*gra.0

/0 e+7e+e0 T2e i+itial test t*lera+/e *r be+7e+e is %0@1 -*l,but t2is t*lera+/e -alue ill be .*diied t2r*ug2 a r*u+d(r*bi+ testi+g3r*/ess t2at is i+te+ded t* ide+tiy a .*re a33r*3riate test t*lera+/e*r be+7e+e0 +der t2is a33r*a/2, t2e %0@1 -*l i+itial be+7e+et*lera+/e ill be used *+ly u+til <a+uary, 1996, 2e+ t2e .*diiedbe+7e+e t*lera+/e ill a33ly0

T2e 3r*/ess *r ide+tiyi+g t2e +e be+7e+e t*lera+/e ill i+-*l-ea r*u+d(r*bi+ testi+g 3r*gra. t* be /arried *ut /**3erati-ely by E!Aa+d t2e A.eri/a+ !etr*leu. I+stitute A!I;0 T2is testi+g 3r*gra. illi+-*l-e testi+g by a +u.ber * lab*rat*ries sele/ted by E!A a+d A!I, i+a//*rda+/e it2 a r*u+d(r*bi+ testi+g 3r*t*/*l t2at ill be de-el*3ed

*i+tly by E!A a+d A!I0 T2e 3ur3*se * t2e testi+g 3r*gra. is t*ide+tiy t2e lab(t*(lab re3r*du/ibility t2at eists a.*+g 2ig2(/aliberlab*rat*ries t2at *ll* g**d lab*rat*ry 3r*/edures i+/ludi+g3r*/edures deali+g it2 5uality assura+/e a+d 5uality /*+tr*l, a+d2ere all reas*+able ste3s 2a-e bee+ tae+ t* a/2ie-e 2ig2 lab(t*(lab/*rrelati*+0 T2e testi+g 3r*gra. ge+erally ill *ll* t2e r*u+d(r*bi+.et2*d*l*gy used by t2e A.eri/a+ '*/iety * Testi+g a+d MaterialsA'TM;0 E!A, A!I, a+d t2e lab*rat*ries i+-*l-ed als* ill atte.3t t*i.3r*-e lab(t*(lab /*rrelati*+s, t2r*ug2 use * a gas*li+e .atri it2+*+, re3eatable 3r*3erties0

T2e +e t*lera+/e ill be deter.i+ed r*. t2e re3r*du/ibilitysta+dard de-iati*+ resulti+g r*. t2e r*u+d(r*bi+ i+ su/2 a ay t2att2e Age+/y /a+ be 9= /ertai+ t2at .aterials tested at t2e sta+dard3lus t2e t*lera+/e are i+ a/t *-er t2e sta+dard0 T2e ab*-e/al/ulati*+s ill be used t* establis2 t2e t*lera+/e regardless *2et2er t2e resulti+g -alue is less t2a+ *r greater t2a+ %0@1 -*l, butt2e -alue ill +*t be greater t2a+ %0C% -*l regardless * t2e results* t2e testi+g 3r*gra.0

T2e r*u+d(r*bi+ testi+g is t* be /*.3leted by <a+uary 1, 199=,statisti/al a+alysis * t2e test results ill be /*.3leted by <u+e 1,199=, t2e +e t*lera+/e ill be a++*u+/ed by E!A by <uly 1, 199=, a+dt2e +e t*lera+/e ill be ee/ti-e begi++i+g i+ <a+uary, 19960 I+ t2ee-e+t t2e r*u+d(r*bi+ testi+g 3r*gra. is +*t /*.3leted by <a+uary,



199=, t2e be+7e+e t*lera+/e ill be %0%C -*l begi++i+g i+ <a+uary,1996, 3r*-ided t2at t2e ailure t* /*.3lete t2e 3r*gra. is t2r*ug2 +*ault * E!A0 I, 2*e-er, t2e testi+g 3r*gra. ailure is E!A?s ault,*r i t2e testi+g 3r*gra. is /*.3leted i+ a//*rda+/e it2 t2e r*u+dr*bi+testi+g 3r*t*/*l a+d t2e testi+g data is sub.itted t* E!A by

<a+uary 1, 199=, t2e i+itial %0@1 -*l be+7e+e t*lera+/e ill /*+ti+uet* a33ly bey*+d <a+uary, 19960 I, t2r*ug2 E!A?s ault, t2ea++*u+/e.e+t * t2e t*lera+/e is delayed bey*+d <uly 1, 199=, t2e +et*lera+/e ill be/*.e ee/ti-e si .*+t2s *ll*i+g a++*u+/e.e+t *t2e +e t*lera+/e, a+d u+til t2e+ t2e t*lera+/e * %0@1 -*l illa33ly0

"0 I+de3e+de+t 'a.3li+g a+d Testi+g Re5uire.e+ts

I+ its 199@ su33le.e+tal 3r*3*sal, E!A 3r*3*sed t2at rei+ers a+di.3*rters *uld be re5uired t* /arry *ut a 3r*gra. * i+de3e+de+tsa.3li+g a+d testi+g * re*r.ulated gas*li+e t2at is 3r*du/ed *ri.3*rted0 =) FR 1C44=0 O+ly rei+ers /*..e+ted *+ t2is 3r*3*salit2*ut e/e3ti*+, t2ese /*..e+ts ere /riti/al0 Ne-ert2eless, E!A 2asretai+ed t2e i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+d testi+g re5uire.e+t i+ t2e i+alrule, it2 /ertai+ re-isi*+s based *+ /*..e+ts, *r t2e reas*+s/*+tai+ed i+ t2e 199@ 'N!RM a+d i+ t*day?s +*ti/e0 I+ t2e 199@ 'N!RM, E!A e3lai+ed t2e reas*+s *r t2e i+de3e+de+tsa.3li+g a+d testi+g re5uire.e+t0 I+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+d testi+g*uld lag err*rs i+ rei+er *r i.3*rter a+alysis a+d all* /*rre/ti*+s* eit2er +*+/*.3lyi+g 3r*du/t *r * t2e a//*u+ti+g b**s e3t by t2ese3arties0 T2ese err*rs /*uld be /aused by .istaes i+ sa.3le /*lle/ti*+,sa.3le a+alysis, by bias i+ t2e rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s sa.3li+g a+dL*rtesti+g syste., by i+ad-erte+t .istae, *r by *utrig2t /2eati+g0 I+ additi*+, E!A e3e/ts t2at re*r.ulated gas*li+es ill al.*stalays be /*.bi+ed i+ t2e u+gible gas*li+e distributi*+ syste. aterit lea-es t2e rei+ery, a+d i+ .a+y /ases su/2 u+gible .ii+g ill*//ur be*re t2e gas*li+e lea-es t2e rei+ery *r is tra+serred by t2erei+er t* a+*t2er 3arty0 O+/e u+gible .ii+g *//urs, t2ere is +**33*rtu+ity t* l** be2i+d t2e rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s test resultre/*rds, e/e3t *r t2*se li.ited /ases 2ere E!A i+s3e/ts re*r.ulatedgas*li+e at t2e rei+ery be*re u+gible .ii+g * t2e gas*li+e *//urs0T2is 3r*ble. is a.3liied by t2e a-eragi+g *3ti*+ a-ailable *rrei+ers a+d i.3*rters0 O+/e a bat/2 * re*r.ulated gas*li+e be/*.es.ied it2 *t2er bat/2es r*. t2e sa.e *r diere+t rei+ers *ri.3*rters, E!A is +* l*+ger able t* test t2is u+gible .iture t*deter.i+e /*.3lia+/e it2 eit2er 3er(gall*+ *r a-eragi+g sta+dards0 E!A/a+ t2e+ *+ly sa.3le a+d test *r /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e .ai.u. a+d.i+i.u. re5uire.e+ts, a+d 2as t* rely *+ t2e rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?sre/*rds a+d test results t* -eriy t2e a//ura/y * a-eragi+g a+d /reditre3*rts t2at are sub.itted0



'a.3li+g a+d testi+g by E!A *uld t2ere*re +*r.ally be a -alid/2e/ *+ly *r .ai.u. a+d .i+i.u. re5uire.e+ts, a+d ill +*t 3r*-ide a.ea+s * -eriyi+g 2et2er t2e i+di-idual gas*li+es /*+tai+ed i+ au+gible .iture .et t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3er(gall*+ *r a-erage

sta+dards 2e+ 3r*du/ed0 Abse+t i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+d testi+g,t2ere*re, t2ere *uld be little *r +* .ea+s * -eriyi+g 2et2erre*r.ulated gas*li+e .et sta+dards, *r 2et2er re3*rts * /redit/reati*+ are a//urate0

"*..e+ters *+ t2e 3r*3*sed rule /ited a +u.ber * reas*+s t2ei+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+d testi+g re5uire.e+ts s2*uld be re-ised *r +*tbe .ade i+al0 O+e /*..e+ter stated t2at i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+dtesti+g is u++e/essary a+d redu+da+t t* *t2er e+*r/e.e+t re5uire.e+tsi+/luded i+ t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra., su/2 as 3e+alties *r+*+/*.3lia+/e, t2e 5uality assura+/e sa.3li+g a+d testi+g dee+seele.e+t, gas*li+e 5uality sur-eys, re/*rdee3i+g, a+d atteste+gage.e+ts0

B2ile t2ese e+*r/e.e+t re5uire.e+ts i+ t2e i+al rule arei.3*rta+t, t2eir */us is diere+t r*. t2e */us * i+de3e+de+tsa.3li+g a+d testi+g0 uality assura+/e sa.3li+g a+d testi+g is are5uired s2*i+g *r .*st 3arties 3resu.ed liable *r d*+strea.-i*lati*+s t2at is i+te+ded t* .*+it*r /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e .ai.u. a+d.i+i.u. re5uire.e+ts, a+d is +*t i+te+ded t* .*+it*r t2e a//ura/y *t2e 3er(bat/2 3r*3erties rei+ers a+d i.3*rters e+ter i+t* t2eirre/*rds0 T2e re/*rdee3i+g re5uire.e+ts d* +*t 3lay a -erii/ati*+r*le re/*rds e3t by rei+ers a+d i.3*rters are *+ly as a//urate ast2e i+*r.ati*+ e+tered by t2ese 3arties0 T2e gas*li+e 5uality sur-eys.*+it*r t2e *-erall 5uality * gas*li+e bei+g used i+ a /*-ered areaduri+g t2e sur-ey 3eri*ds, but t2e /a3a/ity * sur-eys t* dete/t/2eati+g by rei+ers a+d i.3*rters is li.ited0 'ur-eys ill tae 3la/ei+ a+y /*-ered area duri+g *+ly se-eral ees 3er year0 I+ additi*+,t2e gas*li+e used i+ a /*-ered area is a .iture * t2e gas*li+es3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted by a large +u.ber * rei+ers a+d i.3*rters, *te+2u+dreds *r t2*usa+ds * .iles dista+t r*. t2e /*-ered area0 'ur-eys*uld +*t be e3e/ted t* dete/t i.3r*3er de-iati*+s i+ gas*li+e3r*3erties r*. t2e 3r*3erties re3*rted by *+e *r se-eral * t2eserei+ers *r i.3*rters0

T2e 3r*/edures s3e/iied *r attest e+gage.e+ts ere s3e/ii/allydesig+ed t* +*t *-erla3 it2 t2e i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+d testi+g3r*-isi*+s0 I+ a+y e-e+t, i+ .*st /ases attests *uld +*t be /a3able *dete/ti+g err*rs *r /2eati+g i+ sa.3le a+alysis a+ audit*r *+ly /a+



re-ie t2e i+*r.ati*+ /*+tai+ed i+ a rei+er?s re/*rds, a+d is +*table t* /*lle/t a+d a+aly7e sa.3les * gas*li+e 3r*du/ed .*+t2s 3ri*rt* t2e attest e+gage.e+t0

T2ese a+d *t2er /*.3*+e+ts * E!A?s e+*r/e.e+t 3r*gra. *rre*r.ulated gas*li+e are +*t able *+ t2eir *+ t* address t2e .ai+*/us * t2e i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+d testi+g 3r*gra.((t2e a//ura/y *t2e i+di-idual bat/2 deter.i+ati*+s .ade by rei+ers a+d i.3*rters0T2ese deter.i+ati*+s .ust be a//urate t* a/2ie-e /*.3lia+/e it2 eit2ert2e 3er(gall*+ *r a-eragi+g sta+dards0 #i-e+ t2e u+gible .ii+g *re*r.ulated gas*li+e b*t2 it2i+ a rei+ery *r i.3*rt a/ility a+d i+t2e gas*li+e distributi*+ syste., E!A is +*t able t* /2e/ t2e a//ura/y* t2ese i+di-idual bat/2 deter.i+ati*+s0 "*.3lia+/e it2 t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e re5uire.e+ts als*i+-*l-es a//urately a+aly7i+g .a+y .*re gas*li+e /*.3*+e+ts t2a+ isre5uired u+der a+y * E!A?s 3ri*r .*t*r -e2i/le uel regulati*+s0 T2isadditi*+al /*.3leity b*t2 i+/reases t2e +eed *r rei+er *r i.3*rtera//ura/y, a+d .aes it t2at .u/2 2arder *r E!A t* /2e/ /*.3lia+/eater gas*li+e 2as bee+ u+gibly .ied0 E!A belie-es t2e i+de3e+de+tsa.3li+g a+d testi+g 3r*gra. is a reas*+able res3*+se t* t2ese/ir/u.sta+/es, a+d dras a reas*+able bala+/e betee+ E!A?s e+*r/e.e+t+eeds a+d t2e desirability * .ai+tai+i+g a 2ig2ly u+gible gas*li+edistributi*+ syste.0

Ot2er /*..e+ters stated t2at i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+d testi+g asu++e/essary be/ause t2e u+gible gas*li+e distributi*+ syste., a+d/*+tra/tual /*..it.e+ts, ill guara+tee 3r*du/t /*.3lia+/e0 E!Abelie-es t2at 3r*du/t s3e/ii/ati*+s ill be set by 3i3eli+es *rgas*li+e sales /*+tra/ts *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e, 2*e-er t2eses3e/ii/ati*+s are e3e/ted t* address *+ly t2e .i+i.u. a+d .ai.u.re5uire.e+ts a+d ti.e a+d 3la/e * use restri/ti*+s0 E!A d*es +*tbelie-e t2ese s3e/ii/ati*+s ill */us *+ 2et2er a 3arti/ular bat/2* re*r.ulated gas*li+e as 3r*du/ed *+ a-erage *r 3er(gall*+, *r *+t2e s3e/ii/ 3ara.eter -alues * t2e bat/2, 3r*-ided t2e -alues areit2i+ t2e .ai.u. a+d .i+i.u. re5uire.e+ts0 As a result, gas*li+es3e/ii/ati*+s d* +*t *b-iate t2e +eed *r i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+dtesti+g0

'e-eral /*..e+ters /ited /*st as a basis *r e/ludi+g i+de3e+de+tsa.3li+g a+d testi+g r*. t2e i+al rule0 O+e i+dustry gr*u3 /*..e+tedt2at t2e /*sts * i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+d testi+g ill be C% t* 4%.illi*+ 3er year0



=%,%%% barrel bat/2, t2e 3er(gall*+ /*st *uld be %0%%%10J'!K=% E!Aa+ti/i3ates t2at sa.3les /*lle/ted at rei+eries l*/ated dista+t r*.a+y reliable i+de3e+de+t lab*rat*ry ill be s2i33ed t* t2e lab*rat*ry,but d*es +*t belie-e su/2 sa.3le s2i33i+g is 3r*ble.ati/ *r /*stly0T2ese /*+/lusi*+s are based *+ E!A?s e3erie+/e i+ /*+du/ti+g gas*li+e

5uality i+s3e/ti*+s t2r*ug2*ut t2e /*u+try *-er at least t2e 3ast d*7e+years, 2e+ its i+s3e/t*rs 2a-e s2i33ed se-eral t2*usa+d sa.3les 3eryear t* E!A?s lab*rat*ry *r a+alysis0

P=P% E!A esti.ates t2e /*st t* /*lle/t a+d st*re a sa.3le illbe @C%, a+d t2e a+alysis /*sts ill be 4@ based *+ a+ a+alysis/*st * 41= a+d a+alysis * 1% * t2e sa.3les /*lle/ted at arei+ery;, *r @)@0

"*..e+ters stated t2at t2e i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+d testi+gre5uire.e+ts ill result i+ delays i+ t2e .*-e.e+t * i+is2edre*r.ulated gas*li+e due t* t2e ti.e re5uired t* res*l-e test resultdis/re3a+/ies betee+ rei+erLi.3*rter lab*rat*ries a+d i+de3e+de+tlab*rat*ries, *r t2at gas*li+e *u+d t* -i*late sta+dards t2r*ug2i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+d testi+g .ay +*t be /*rre/table be/ause t2egas*li+e i+ 5uesti*+ ill be i+ t2e u+gible distributi*+ syste. at t2eti.e t2e -i*lati*+ is deter.i+ed0

E!A d*es +*t belie-e t2ese /*+/er+s /reate a basis *r e/ludi+gt2e i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+d testi+g re5uire.e+ts0 E!A d*es +*t/*+strue t2e i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+d testi+g 3r*-isi*+s t* re5uirerei+ers *r i.3*rters t* 2*ld gas*li+e at t2e rei+ery *r i.3*rta/ility u+til t2e i+de3e+de+t testi+g is /*.3leted0 I+ t2e e-e+t * adis/re3a+/y betee+ t2e rei+eryLi.3*rter test result *r a gas*li+ebat/2 a+d t2e i+de3e+de+t lab*rat*ry test result *r t2at bat/2, E!Aa+ti/i3ates t2e rei+erLi.3*rter ill /*rre/t t2e bat/2 -alues it/lai.s: i t2e sta+dard *r t2e 3ara.eter i+ 5uesti*+ is bei+g .et *+a-erage, t2e -alue *r t2at 3ara.eter used i+ /al/ulati+g /*.3lia+/e*uld be /2a+ged i t2e /*rre/t 3ara.eter -alue is it2i+ t2e 3ergall*+.ai.u.;0

I+ t2e /ase * gas*li+e sube/t t* t2e 3er(gall*+ sta+dards, a+d i+t2e /ase * t2e 3er(gall*+ .i+i.u. a+d .ai.u. sta+dards, E!A belie-esrei+ers a+d i.3*rters ill be able t* a-*id t2e situati*+ 2ere,



subse5ue+t t* t2e gas*li+e lea-i+g t2e rei+ery *r i.3*rt a/ility, t2egas*li+e is dis/*-ered t* -i*late t2ese sta+dards0 Rei+ers a+di.3*rters ill a-*id t2is situati*+ i+ se-eral ays0 First, rei+ersa+d i.3*rters ill 2a-e t2e results * t2eir *+ tests be*re t2egas*li+e lea-es t2e rei+ery *r i.3*rt a/ility, a+d t2e i+al rule

re5uires t2at t2ese tests .ust i+di/ate t2e gas*li+e .eets allsta+dards0 'e/*+d E!A?s e3erie+/e is t2at rei+ers a+d i.3*rters3r*du/e gas*li+e sube/t t* 3er(gall*+ sta+dards it2 a >>.argi+(*saety??sui/ie+t t* e+sure tests by *t2ers d* +*t i+di/ate t2egas*li+e ails t* .eet t2e sta+dards0 T2ird, it2 regard t* tests3ursua+t t* t2e i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+d testi+g re5uire.e+t, rei+ersa+d i.3*rters 3resu.ably ill sele/t *+ly 2ig2(/aliber i+de3e+de+tlabs, a+d ill /l*sely /*rrelate it2 t2e., .ai+g t2e 3*ssibility */*+li/ti+g test results u+liely0 F*urt2, t2e i+de3e+de+t lab resultsd* +*t 2a-e t* ea/tly .at/2 t2e rei+er( *r i.3*rter(test results, butrat2er 2a-e t* be it2i+ a ra+ge t2at is s3e/iied i+ t2e i+al rule0astly, test results by regulated 3arties d*+strea. * t2e rei+ery *ri.3*rt a/ility e0g0, 3i3eli+es, ter.i+als;, *r by E!A, *uld +*t be abasis *r /*+/ludi+g gas*li+e -i*lates a 3er(gall*+ .i+i.u. *r .ai.u.sta+dard u+less t2e test result e/eeds t2e sta+dard 3lus a+e+*r/e.e+t t*lera+/e0 E+*r/e.e+t t*lera+/es are dis/ussed i+ a+*t2erse/ti*+ * t2is 3rea.ble0

Ne-ert2eless, i+ a situati*+ 2ere t2ese .e/2a+is.s ail a+d arei+er *r i.3*rter lear+s, t2r*ug2 tests by E!A *r *t2ers, t2at a3ara.eter -alue *r a gas*li+e bat/2 sube/t t* t2e 3er(gall*+ sta+dard-i*lated t2at sta+dard, *r *r a gas*li+e bat/2 sube/t t* t2e a-eragesta+dard -i*lated a 3er(gall*+ .i+i.u. *r .ai.u. sta+dard, t2e rei+er*r i.3*rter *uld be e3e/ted t* /*rre/t t2e -i*lati*+0 'e-eral /*..e+ters raised /*+/er+s *-er t2e l*gisti/s a+d saety *+*+(/*.3a+y e.3l*yees e+teri+g rei+eries t* /*lle/t sa.3les0 E!Aagrees t2at i+ *rder t* /*.3ly it2 t2e i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+dtesti+g re5uire.e+ts, a rei+er *r i.3*rter ill be re5uired t* .aearra+ge.e+ts it2 t2e i+de3e+de+t lab*rat*ry t2at address l*gisti/s a+dsaety issues0 A rei+er *r i.3*rter *uld be e3e/ted t* sele/t as itsi+de3e+de+t lab*rat*ry a /*.3a+y t2at is able a+d illi+g t* /*..it by/*+tra/t t* /*lle/t sa.3les i+ a .a++er t2at .i+i.i7es i+terere+/eit2 rei+ery *r i.3*rter *3erati*+s((t* /*lle/t sa.3les i+ a ti.ely.a++er, a+d /*.3ly it2 /*.3a+y saety re5uire.e+ts0 e/ause rei+ersa+d i.3*rters are gi-e+ t2e latitude t* sele/t t2eir *+ i+de3e+de+tlab*rat*ries, E!A belie-es t2ese 3arties ill be able t* ide+tiy a+dsele/t *+es t2at are satisa/t*ry0

'e-eral /*..e+ters stated t2at i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+d testi+gill +*t be a su//essul deterre+t t* illul /2eati+g, be/ause a



a+d testi+g0 N*+e * t2ese alter+ati-es satisy t2e 3r*gra. +eedsaddressed by i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+d testi+g, 2*e-er0 Ma+y /*..e+ters stated t2at E!A s2*uld establis2 a 3r*gra. * E!A/ertii/ati*+ * rei+er a+d i.3*rter /*.3a+y lab*rat*ries, a+d3arti/i3ati*+ i+ r*u+d(r*bi+ a+alysis 3r*gra.s, as a+ alter+ati-e t*

i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+d testi+g0 !resu.ably i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+dtesti+g *+ly *uld be re5uired 2ere a /*.3a+y lab*rat*ry ailed t**btai+ E!A /ertii/ati*+0 "*..e+ters /ited *t2er ederal 3r*gra.s t2ati+/lude t2e lab*rat*ry /ertii/ati*+ a+dL*r r*u+d(r*bi+ a33r*a/2,i+/ludi+g t2e Nati*+al !*lluta+t 8is/2arge Eli.i+ati*+ 'yste. N!8E';a+d ederal re5uire.e+ts *r 3etr*leu. 3r*du/ts 3r*du/ed t* .eet.ilitary s3e/ii/ati*+s0

E!A d*es +*t belie-e t2at lab*rat*ry /ertii/ati*+ a+d r*u+d(r*bi+3r*gra.s *uld 3r*-ide sui/ie+t -erii/ati*+ * rei+er *r i.3*rtertesti+g * re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 !r*gra.s * t2is ty3e ge+erally3r*-ide i+*r.ati*+ *+ t2e 5uality * *r a gi-e+ lab*rat*ry is/a3able * 3er*r.i+g u+der *3ti.al /*+diti*+s t2ey s2ed little lig2t*+ t2e 5uality * t2e lab*rat*ry?s day(t*(day *r 2i/2 is t2e .ai+*/us * t2e i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+d testi+g re5uire.e+t0 "ertii/ati*+ by E!A *r a+*t2er *rga+i7ati*+ *uld deter.i+e i alab*rat*ry 2as 3r*3er e5ui3.e+t a+d 3ers*++el 3r*3erly trai+ed as *t2e date * t2e /ertii/ati*+, but *uld 3r*-ide +* /ertai+ty * t2e*+g*i+g lab*rat*ry *3erati*+0 T2e treat.e+t * r*u+d(r*bi+ sa.3les bylab*rat*ries is 3redi/tably s3e/ial0 I a lab*rat*ry?s /*+ti+ued/ertii/ati*+ is /*+ti+ge+t *+ t2e 5uality * its a+alysis * sa.3lesre/ei-ed r*. E!A, t2e lab*rat*ry *uld be e3e/ted t* assig+ its best3ers*++el t* t2is tas, t* be 3arti/ularly /areul i+ t2e a+alysis, a+d3r*bably t* re3eat t2e a+alysis e+*ug2 ti.es t* be /ertai+ a /*rre/tresult is *btai+ed0 T2e treat.e+t re/ei-ed by r*u+d(r*bi+ sa.3les .aybear little rese.bla+/e t* t2e treat.e+t +*r.al sa.3les re/ei-e0"ertai+ly, +eit2er lab*rat*ry /ertii/ati*+ +*r r*u+d(r*bi+ testi+g*uld /*+stitute a+y deterre+t t* a illully /2eati+g rei+er *ri.3*rter0

E!A belie-es t2e *t2er ederal 3r*gra.s t2at use lab*rat*ry/ertii/ati*+ a+dL*r r*u+d(r*bi+s are i+a33r*3riate 3re/ede+ts *r use* t2ese a33r*a/2es i+ t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.0 I+ t2e /ase* 3etr*leu. 3r*du/ts 3r*du/ed t* .ilitary s3e/ii/ati*+s, t2e .ilitary3resu.ably re/ei-es t2e 3r*du/ts 3r*du/ed a+d /a+ at t2at ti.e -eriy2et2er t2e 3r*du/ts .eet rele-a+t sta+dards a+d /riteria0 T2is ty3e *ater(t2e(a/t -erii/ati*+ is +*t 3*ssible *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e*r t2e reas*+s t2at 2a-e bee+ dis/ussed0 I+ t2e /ase * a/ilitiesregulated u+der t2e N!8E' 3r*gra., it is 3*ssible t* -eriy 2et2er t2ele-els * 3*lluta+ts bei+g dis/2arged by t2e a/ilities are /*+siste+t



it2 a/ility(s3e/ii/ 3er.its t2at 2a-e bee+ issued t2r*ug2 E!Ai+s3e/ti*+s t2at i+/lude ater sa.3les /*lle/ted at t2e a/ilities0 T2ere*r.ulated gas*li+e situati*+ is disti+guis2ed r*. t2e N!8E' 3r*gra.be/ause u+gible .ii+g t2at *te+ *//urs it2i+ t2e rei+ery *r i.3*rta/ility *uld re+der E!A i+s3e/ti*+s i+ee/ti-e as a re*r.ulated

gas*li+e test -erii/ati*+ .e/2a+is.0

"*..e+ters *ered *t2er alter+ati-es t* i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+dtesti+g t2at *uld rely *+ ra+d*. rei+ery audits by i+de3e+de+t3arties *r by E!A, *r * -erii/ati*+(a+alysis by E!A * are3rese+tati-e 3*rti*+ * t2e sa.3les a+aly7ed by rei+ers a+di.3*rters0 E!A ree/ted t2ese alter+ati-es0 T2e li.itati*+s i+2ere+t i+E!A rei+ery *r i.3*rt a/ility i+s3e/ti*+s t2at result r*. u+gible.ii+g, dis/ussed ab*-e, als* *uld a33ly t* audits /*+du/ted byi+de3e+de+t 3arties0 A 3r*gra. t2at *uld rely *+ E!A(/*+du/ted-erii/ati*+ a+alysis * /ertai+ sa.3les t2at are se+t t* E!A byrei+ers *r i.3*rters raises t2e sa.e ty3es * /*+/er+s t2at *//uru+der t2e r*u+d(r*bi+ a33r*a/20 Rei+ers a+d i.3*rters *uld bee3e/ted t* a+aly7e sa.3les t2at als* are se+t t* E!A *r -erii/ati*+testi+git2 a le-el * /are t2at .ay bear little rese.bla+/e t* +*r.allab*rat*ry 3ra/ti/es, a+d t2is a33r*a/2 *uld 3r*-ide s.all deterre+tt* t2e illul /2eater0

Ot2er /*..e+ters suggested t2at E!A s2*uld rely *+ E!A(/*+du/tedi+s3e/ti*+s at rei+eries a+d at d*+strea. l*/ati*+s, as i+ t2egas*li+e -*latility 3r*gra.0 E!A i+te+ds t* /*+du/t i+s3e/ti*+s liet2ese u+der t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra., but d*es +*t /*+sidert2e. t* be re3la/e.e+ts *r i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+d testi+g0 E!Ai+s3e/ti*+s at rei+eries a+d i.3*rt a/ilities ill be able t* .*+it*rt2e rei+er( *r i.3*rter(/lai.ed 3r*3erties *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e*+ly i 3r*du/t is 3rese+t at t2e ti.e * t2e E!A i+s3e/ti*+ t2at 2as+*t bee+ u+gibly .ied0 E!A belie-es t2is ill *te+ +*t be t2e /ase0M*re*-er, t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter is re5uired t* sub.it re3*rts t* E!Astati+g t2e /lai.ed 3r*3erties * a bat/2 * gas*li+e *+ly at t2e/*+/lusi*+ * ea/2 5uarter, a+d *uld +* 2i/2 gas*li+e E!A sa.3ledduri+g a+ i+s3e/ti*+0 It *uld be e3e/ted t2at 3ri*r t* ili+g itsre3*rt t* E!A, a rei+er *r i.3*rter *uld -eriy, a+d re(-eriy, itsa+alysis results *r gas*li+e t2at 2ad bee+ sa.3led by E!A0 A illul/2eater /*uld si.3ly re/*rd t2e /*rre/t 3r*3erties *r gas*li+e t2at2ad bee+ sa.3led by E!A, 2ile /*+ti+ui+g t* re3*rt b*gus 3r*3erties*r t2e re.ai+der * t2e gas*li+e0

I+s3e/ti*+s /*+du/ted by E!A d*+strea. *uld al.*st alays be *u+gibly .ied gas*li+es, a+d as a result *uld be -alid *+ly *r



P=P1Reid -a3*r 3ressure is t2e uel 3ara.eter .*st sus/e3tible

t* /2a+ge due t* st*rage ti.e, be/ause t2e .*re -*latile ra/ti*+s* a uel sa.3le .ay be l*st i sa.3les are +*t 3r*3erly /a33ed a+dst*red at /*ld te.3eratures0 E-e+ i+ t2e /ase * RV!, 2*e-er, E!A?se3erie+/e it2 a+alyses * sa.3les t2at 2a-e bee+ st*red *r 1&%days 2as bee+ t2at t2e RV! * sa.3les de/li+e *+ly a33r*i.ately %0@3si, 2i/2 is a /2a+ge sui/ie+tly s.all t2at E!A .ay /*+ti+ue t*use t2e sa.3les0

astly, *+e /*..e+ter said t2at E!A s2*uld eli.i+ate t2ere5uire.e+t t2at i+de3e+de+t lab*rat*ries deter.i+e /ertai+ i+*r.ati*+ab*ut t2e gas*li+e sa.3led, i+/ludi+g t2e bat/2 -*lu.e, st*rage ta+ide+tii/ati*+, a+d t2e grade * gas*li+e0 E!A 3r*3*sed t2ati+de3e+de+t lab*rat*ries *btai+ t2is i+*r.ati*+ as 3art * t2e-erii/ati*+ 3r*/ess *-er rei+er *r i.3*rter re3*rts, a+d /*+ti+ues t*belie-e it is +e/essary0 F*r ea.3le, t2e 3r*3erties * gas*li+e3r*du/ed is *+ly *+e 3art * t2e i+*r.ati*+ +e/essary *rde.*+strati+g /*.3lia+/e t2e -*lu.e * gas*li+e 3r*du/ed it2 gi-e+3r*3erties als* is +e/essary0 I+*r.ati*+ *+ st*rage ta+ a+d gas*li+egrade is i+/luded as a .ea+s * /*+ir.i+g t2e gas*li+e sa.3led a+dtested by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter, a+d t2at by t2e i+de3e+de+tlab*rat*ry, is t2e sa.e0

80 8*+strea. Oyge+ate le+di+g Assu.3ti*+s

E!A re/ei-ed -ari*us /*..e+ts *+ t2e assu.3ti*+s rei+ers a+di.3*rters .ay .ae regardi+g d*+strea. *yge+ate ble+di+g *r 3ur3*ses* /al/ulati+g t2e 3r*3erties * re*r.ulated gas*li+e ble+dst*/i+te+ded *r d*+strea. *yge+ate ble+di+g RO;0 +der t2e 3r*3*sal,a+d t2e i+al rule, rei+ers a+d i.3*rters * RO are res3*+sible *r.eeti+g all re*r.ulated gas*li+e sta+dards, e/e3t t2e *yge+sta+dard d*+strea. *yge+ate ble+ders are res3*+sible *r .eeti+g t2e*yge+ sta+dard *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*du/ed usi+g RO0 I+ *rdert* deter.i+e /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e +*+(*yge+ re*r.ulated gas*li+esta+dards a rei+er *r i.3*rter .ust /al/ulate t2e +*+(*yge+ 3ara.eter-alues *r t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 T* d* t2is, a rei+er *r i.3*rter.ust i+/lude a -alue *r t2e *yge+ /*+te+t t2e RO ill a/2ie-esubse5ue+t t* d*+strea. *yge+ate ble+di+g, be/ause t2e -alues * +*+*yge+3ara.eters ill dier based u3*+ t2e ty3e a+d a.*u+t *



*yge+ate ble+ded d*+strea.0J'!K=@

P=P@T2e i.3a/t * ble+di+g diere+t *yge+ate ty3es a+d a.*u+ts

*+ t2e +*+(*yge+ 3r*3erties * RO is great0 VO" e.issi*+s aredra.ati/ally ae/ted by /2a+ges i+ RV!, yet diere+t *yge+atesae/t RV! -ery diere+tly et2a+*l ble+ded ab*-e ab*ut *ur -*lu.e3er/e+t 10= eig2t 3er/e+t *yge+; i+/reases t2e RV! * t2eresulti+g gas*li+e by 1 3si, 2ile *yge+ates *t2er t2a+ et2a+*l/ause -ery little *r +* /2a+ge i+ RV!0 'i.ilarly, t*i/s e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e a+d be+7e+e are str*+glyi+lue+/ed by t2e diluti*+ ee/t /aused by *yge+ate ble+di+g, yetdiere+t *yge+ates .ust be ble+ded at -ery diere+t -*lu.es t*result i+ t2e sa.e *yge+ /*+te+t i+ t2e gas*li+e 3r*du/ed t*3r*du/e gas*li+e it2 @0%% eig2t 3er/e+t *yge+, *r ea.3le,re5uires =04 -*lu.e 3er/e+t et2a+*l, *r 110% -*lu.e 3er/e+t MTE0

E!A 3r*3*sed t2at rei+ers a+d i.3*rters * RO 2a-e t* *3ti*+s*r t2e *yge+ /*+te+t -alue used i+ t2eir /al/ulati*+s * +*+(*yge+3ara.eters0 A rei+er *r i.3*rter /*uld use t2e a/tual *yge+ate ty3ea+d a.*u+t ble+ded it2 t2e RO, 3r*-ided t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter/arries *ut a 3r*gra. * /*+tra/tual /*+tr*ls a+d 5uality assura+/esa.3li+g a+d testi+g *-er t2e d*+strea. *yge+ate ble+di+g *3erati*+0+der t2e se/*+d *3ti*+, t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter /*uld .ae /ertai+deault assu.3ti*+s regardi+g t2e ty3e a+d a.*u+t * *yge+ate ble+dedd*+strea.0 E!A 3r*3*sed t2at t2is assu.3ti*+ .ust be t2e >>*rst/ase?? assu.3ti*+ it2 regard t* t2e *yge+ate ty3e, a+d -*lu.e it2i+t2e *yge+ .i+i.u. a+d .ai.u. re5uire.e+ts;0J'!K=C

P=PCT2e *rst /ase assu.3ti*+ *r RV! a+d VO" e.issi*+s3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+ *uld be et2a+*l, at t2e *yge+ .ai.u. le-el0F*r t*i/s e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e a+d be+7e+e, t2e *rst /ase *uldbe t2e *yge+ate 3r*-idi+g t2e .i+i.u. -*lu.e +*r.ally et2a+*l; att2e *yge+ .i+i.u. le-el0

O+e /*..e+ter suggested t2at E!A s2*uld .*diy t2e +ature * t2isdeault assu.3ti*+, by all*i+g rei+ers t* desig+ate *+e * t*/ateg*ries * RO, >>et2er(*+ly RO?? a+d >>a+y(*yge+ate RO0??



T2ese /ateg*ries *uld 2a-e diere+t assu.3ti*+s *r *yge+ate ty3eet2er(*+ly RO *uld be assu.ed t* be ble+ded it2 MTE, a+d a+y*yge+ateRO *uld be assu.ed t* be ble+ded it2 et2a+*l0N*tit2sta+di+g t2e assu.3ti*+ * MTE use *r 3ur3*ses * /*.3lia+/e/al/ulati*+s *r et2er(*+ly RO, a+y et2er /*uld be added d*+strea.

t* a+ et2er(*+ly RO0 D*e-er, it *uld be a -i*lati*+ t* add a+al/*2*l t* a+ et2er(*+ly RO0 T2is /*..e+ter stated urt2er t2at t2ea.*u+t * *yge+ate s2*uld be assu.ed t* be t2at a.*u+t +e/essary t*add @01 eig2t 3er/e+t *yge+, t2e a++ual a-erage *yge+ le-el t2at*yge+ate ble+ders .ust a/2ie-e *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*du/edusi+g RO 2e+ .eeti+g t2e *yge+ /*+te+t sta+dard *+ a-erage0 E!A 2as ge+erally ad*3ted t2is suggesti*+ *r t2e i+al rule, buti+ a slig2tly .*diied *r.0

y ad*3ti+g t2e a33r*a/2 suggested i+ t2e /*..e+ts E!A is i+ ee/taddi+g a+ et2er(*+ly desig+ati*+ t* t2e a+y(*yge+ate desig+ati*+i.3li/it i+ E!A?s 3r*3*sal0 E!A als* is .*diyi+g t* s*.e ete+t t2e*yge+ /*+te+t a+d ty3e assu.3ti*+s t2at rei+ers .ust .ae i t2eyrely *+ t2is RO desig+ati*+ i+ deter.i+i+g /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e VO",t*i/s, a+d *t2er +*+(*yge+ /*+te+t re5uire.e+ts * re*r.ulatedgas*li+e0 First, rei+ers a+d i.3*rters t2at 3r*du/e *r i.3*rt RO arere5uired t* desig+ate t2e RO as a+y(*yge+ate RO, *r as et2er(*+lyRO0J'!K=4 T2ese desig+ati*+s are i+ additi*+ t*, but .ust be/*+siste+t it2, t2e s3e/ii/ati*+s *r t2e ty3es; a+d a.*u+ts; **yge+ate t2at .ust be i+/luded i+ t2e 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts *rRO0 'e/*+d, rei+ers *r i.3*rters t2at d* +*t .eet t2e re5uire.e+ts*r a 5uality assura+/e 3r*gra. *-er d*+strea. *yge+ate ble+di+g,.ust assu.e t2at et2a+*l is ble+ded it2 a+y(*yge+ate RO, a+d t2atMTE is ble+ded it2 et2er(*+ly RO0 F*r b*t2 ty3es * RO, t2erei+er *r i.3*rter .ust assu.e t2at t2e a.*u+t used is t2at a.*u+tsui/ie+t *r t2e gas*li+e 3r*du/ed t* 2a-e @0% eig2t 3er/e+t *yge+,*r a33r*i.ately =0)% -*lu.e 3er/e+t i+ t2e /ase * et2a+*l a+da33r*i.ately 1%0&% -*lu.e 3er/e+t i+ t2e /ase * MTE0 Rei+er *ri.3*rter *-ersig2t * t2e d*+strea. *yge+ate ble+di+g *3erati*+ is+*t re5uired i a rei+er *r i.3*rter relies *+ t2ese >>*rst /ase??assu.3ti*+s0 D*e-er, as +*ted bel*, t2ese ty3es * RO .ust besegregated r*. *+e a+*t2er0

P=P4A+y *yge+ate RO .ust .eet all re*r.ulated gas*li+esta+dards subse5ue+t t* ble+di+g it2 a+y * t2e *ll*i+g: et2a+*l,.et2a+*l, buta+*l, MTE, TAME, *r ETE0 Et2er(*+ly RO .ust .eetall re*r.ulated gas*li+e sta+dards subse5ue+t t* ble+di+g it2 a+y



* t2e *ll*i+g: MTE, TAME, *r ETE0

E!A belie-es t2ese assu.3ti*+s regardi+g t2e ty3e * *yge+ate used

are a33r*3riate0 T2e 3ri+/i3al ris t* t2e e+-ir*+.e+t u+der t2e *yge+use assu.3ti*+s is t2at a+ *yge+ate ble+der ill ble+d et2a+*l it2et2er(*+ly RO, 2i/2 *uld result i+ re*r.ulated gas*li+e t2at3r*bably *uld su33*rt +eit2er t2e t*i/s +*r be+7e+e 3r*3erties/lai.ed by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter * t2e RO due t* a+ i+sui/ie+tdiluti*+ ee/t;, +*r, i+ t2e /ase * VO"(/*+tr*lled gas*li+e, t2e/lai.ed RV! +*r VO" 3r*3erties due t* RV! i+/reases r*. et2a+*l;0 O+t2e *t2er 2a+d, a+y(*yge+ate RO ill be *r.ulated *r ble+di+g it2et2a+*l, a+d *uld *+ly i.3r*-e *r all 3r*3erties i ble+ded it2 a+et2er su/2 as MTE0

'e-eral .e/2a+is.s ill 2el3 e+sure et2a+*l is +*t ble+ded it2et2er(*+ly RO0 Et2er(*+ly RO a+d a+y(*yge+ate RO .ust besegregated t2r*ug2*ut t2e distributi*+ syste. t* t2e 3*i+t * *yge+ateble+di+g0 T2e 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts ill ide+tiy et2er(*+ly ROas su/2, 2i/2 ill 3ut ea/2 3ers*+ i+ t2e distributi*+ +et*r, a+dt2e *yge+ate ble+der, *+ +*ti/e t2at t2e RO is +*t suitable *ret2a+*l ble+di+g0 Abse+t a 2ig2ly u+usual situati*+, a distribut*r*uld +*t be e3e/ted t* dis3e+se et2er(*+ly RO i+t* a gas*li+edeli-ery tru/ *r s3las2 ble+di+g, be/ause et2a+*l is t2e *+ly*yge+ate t2at +*r.ally is s3las2 ble+ded i+ tru/s0 I+ additi*+, it isliely t2at i et2a+*l ere ble+ded it2 VO"(/*+tr*lled et2er(*+lyRO, t2e resulti+g gas*li+e ill +*t .eet t2e RV! .ai.u. *r VO"e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e .i+i.u. re5uire.e+ts, a+d *uld be sus/e3tible t*dete/ti*+ t2r*ug2 E!A i+s3e/ti*+s *r 5uality assura+/e 3r*gra.s/*+du/ted by regulated 3arties0

E!A belie-es t2e -*lu.e assu.3ti*+s based *+ @0% eig2t 3er/e+t*yge+ are 3reerable t* t2e /*..e+ter?s suggested @01 eig2t 3er/e+tbasis, be/ause t2ere is +* reas*+ t* belie-e a+y 3arti/ular *yge+ateble+der ill ele/t t* use t2e a-eraged *yge+ sta+dard * @01 eig2t3er/e+t0 I+ a situati*+ lie t2is i+-*l-i+g deault assu.3ti*+s it isa33r*3riate t* ad*3t a .*re /*+ser-ati-e assu.3ti*+0 Oyge+ate ble+ders2a-e t2e *3ti*+ * .eeti+g eit2er t2e *yge+ sta+dard *r 3er(gall*+/*.3lia+/e * @0% eig2t 3er/e+t, *r t2e *yge+ sta+dard *r a-erage/*.3lia+/e * @01 eig2t 3er/e+t0 E!A belie-es t2e assu.3ti*+ t2at*yge+ate ble+ders ill at least .eet t2e 3er(gall*+ sta+dard isa33r*3riate, a+d 3reerable t* t2e 3r*3*sed >>*rst /ase?? *yge+ useassu.3ti*+ * 10= eig2t 3er/e+t, due t* e+*r/e.e+t .e/2a+is.s/*+tai+ed i+ t2e i+al rule t2at a33ly t* *yge+ate ble+ders, i0e0,



5uality assura+/e sa.3li+g a+d testi+g a+d re/*rdee3i+g0 B2ile it is true t2at a+y si+gle bat/2 * re*r.ulated gas*li+e3r*du/ed by ble+di+g RO it2 *yge+ate /*uld re/ei-e t2e 3er(gall*+.i+i.u. 10= eig2t 3er/e+t *yge+, t2e *yge+ate ble+der .ust *seta+y gas*li+e 3r*du/ed at t2is *yge+ le-el it2 *t2er gas*li+e 3r*du/ed

it2 *yge+ le-els greater t2a+ @01 i+ *rder t* .eet t2e @01 a-erage*yge+ /*+te+t sta+dard0 I+ additi*+, E!A belie-es it is liely t2at.*st *yge+ate ble+ders ill /2**se t* .eet t2e *yge+ sta+dard *+ a3er(gall*+ basis, rat2er t2a+ *+ a-erage0 T2e testi+g, re/*rdee3i+g,a+d re3*rti+g re5uire.e+ts *r a+ *yge+ate ble+der 2* ele/ts t2ea-erage *yge+ sta+dard are sig+ii/a+tly greater t2a+ *r a+ *yge+ateble+der 2* ele/ts t2e 3er(gall*+ sta+dard0 M*re*-er, E!A?s *-ersig2te3erie+/e it2 t2e state(e+*r/ed i+terti.e *yge+ated uels 3r*gra.,2i/2 i+/ludes t2e *3ti*+ * .eeti+g t2at 3r*gra.?s *yge+ sta+dardeit2er 3er(gall*+ *r *+ a-erage, is t2at t2e -ast .a*rity * *yge+ateble+ders 2a-e ele/ted t2e 3er(gall*+ *3ti*+ i+ t2at 3r*gra.0 T2is3re/ede+t r*. t2e *yge+ated uels 3r*gra. is .*re /*.3elli+g be/auset2e *yge+ sta+dard i+ t2e *yge+ated uels 3r*gra. is @0) eig2t3er/e+t *r b*t2 t2e 3er(gall*+ a+d a-erage *3ti*+s, yet *yge+ateble+ders *r t2e .*st 3art still /2*se t2e 3er(gall*+ *3ti*+0 I+/*+trast, u+der t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. t2e a-erage *yge+sta+dard @01 eig2t 3er/e+t; is .*re rig*r*us t2a+ t2e 3er(gall*+*yge+ sta+dard @0% eig2t 3er/e+t;, 2i/2 is a+ additi*+al reas*+ t*belie-e re*r.ulated gas*li+e *yge+ate ble+ders ill /2**se t2e 3ergall*+*3ti*+0

All *yge+ate ble+ders, i+/ludi+g a ble+der usi+g a+y(*yge+ate *ret2er(*+ly RO a+d 2* uses t2e a-erage *yge+ sta+dard, .ust *ll*t2e *yge+ a.*u+t i+stru/ti*+s /*+tai+ed i+ t2e RO 3r*du/t tra+serd*/u.e+ts0 T2ese i+stru/ti*+s .ust s3e/iy t2e .i+i.u. *yge+ +e/essary*r t2e resulti+g re*r.ulated gas*li+e t* .eet all 3er(gall*+ .i+i.u.a+d .ai.u. sta+dards0 F*r ea.3le, a 3arti/ular bat/2 * a+y(*yge+ateRO .ay s3e/iy @0% eig2t 3er/e+t *yge+ i+ *rder *r t2e resulti+gre*r.ulated gas*li+e t* .eet t2e 10C -*l be+7e+e 3er(gall*+ .ai.u.0

A+ *yge+ate ble+der usi+g t2e RO i+ t2is ea.3le is re5uired t* adda -*lu.e * *yge+ate t2at is large e+*ug2 *r t2e re*r.ulatedgas*li+e t* 2a-e a .i+i.u. @0% eig2t 3er/e+t *yge+ e0g0, a .i+i.u.* =04 -*l et2a+*l;, regardless * 2et2er t2e *yge+ate ble+der is.eeti+g t2e *yge+ sta+dard 3er(gall*+ *r *+ a-erage0 A rei+er *r i.3*rter * RO 2*, i+ lieu * 3r*du/i+g et2er(*+lya+dL*r a+y(*yge+ate RO, ele/ts t* /*+du/t a 5uality assura+/e3r*gra. *-er d*+strea. *yge+ate ble+di+g *3erati*+s .ay use t2ea/tual *yge+ ty3es a+d a.*u+ts ble+ded it2 t2e RO0 I su/2 arei+er *r i.3*rter ails t* 3r*3erly /arry *ut t2e 5uality assura+/e3r*gra., 2*e-er, t2e RO ill be dee.ed t* 2a-e bee+ ble+ded it2 40%-*l et2a+*l 10= t *yge+;, t2e >>*rst /ase?? *yge+ate ty3e a+d



a.*u+t t2at is +*t /*+strai+ed by >>et2er(*+ly?? *r >>a+y(*yge+ate??desig+ati*+s0 +der t2is assu.3ti*+ t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e *uldre/ei-e a 1 3si RV! b**st ass*/iated it2 et2a+*l see 'e/ti*+ I * t2eRIA;, a+d t2e .i+i.u. diluti*+ ee/t * a+y *yge+ate at 10= t*yge+ *r ea.3le, 10= t *yge+ results r*. 40% -*l et2a+*l, *r

&0@ -*l MTE;0 T2is assu.3ti*+ is a33r*3riate i+ su/2 a situati*+be/ause it is 3*ssible t2e RO /*uld be ble+ded it2 et2a+*l at t2e10= t *yge+ .i+i.u.0 E!A belie-es it is reas*+able t* assu.e t2eRO ill be ble+ded it2 at least t2e 3er(gall*+ .i+i.u. *yge+ -*lu.e* 10= t *yge+, be/ause * t2e re5uire.e+ts i.3*sed *+ *yge+ateble+ders, su/2 as re/*rdee3i+g, a+d .e/2a+is.s i+/luded i+ t2e i+alrule t* e+sure /*.3lia+/e it2 3er(gall*+ .i+i.u.s, su/2 as 5ualityassura+/e sa.3li+g a+d testi+g by regulated 3arties a+d e+*r/e.e+t byE!A0

E0 A-eragi+g issues

10 se * 3er(gall*+ a+d a-erage sta+dards@0 E!A 3r*3*sed t2at rei+ers a+d i.3*rters *uld be all*ed t*C0 de/ide, *+ a 3er(bat/2 basis, 2i/2 regulated 3ara.eters ill be40 sube/t t* 3er(gall*+ sta+dards a+d 2i/2 ill be sube/t t* a-erage=0 sta+dards0 'ee =) FR 1C444 A3ril 16, 199@;0 F*r ea.3le, u+der t2e60 3r*3*sal rei+ers /*uld de/ide *r a+y gi-e+ bat/2 * re*r.ulated)0 gas*li+e t* .eet t2e be+7e+e 3er(gall*+ sta+dard a+d t2e t*i/s&0 e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ sta+dard *+ a-erage0 +der t2e 3r*3*sal t2ese90 ele/ti*+s /*uld be .ade se3arately *r ea/2 bat/2 * gas*li+e 3r*du/ed1%0*r i.3*rted, a+d se3arately *r ea/2 3ara.eter0110 E!A als* i+te+ded t2at t2ese 3er(gall*+La-erage ele/ti*+s /*uld be1@0/2a+ged subse5ue+t t* t2e gas*li+e lea-i+g t2e rei+ery *r i.3*rt1C0a/ility, s* t2at i gas*li+e t2at as i+te+ded t* .eet a 3arti/ular140sta+dard *+ a 3er(gall*+ basis is dis/*-ered, subse5ue+t t* s2i3.e+t,1=0t* -i*late t2e 3er(gall*+ sta+dard, t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter /*uld160/2a+ge its a//*u+ti+g re/*rds t* sit/2 t2e gas*li+e bat/2 t* t2e1)0a-erage sta+dard /ateg*ry 3r*-ided t2e gas*li+e .eets t2e 3er(gall*+1&0.i+i.u. *r .ai.u.;0190

@%0 E!A 2as re/*+sidered t2is a33r*a/2, a+d +* belie-es t2at rei+ers@10a+d i.3*rters s2*uld be all*ed t* use eit2er t2e 3er(gall*+ *r t2e@@0a-erage sta+dard *r ea/2 3ara.eter, but t2at 3arties .ay +*t use a@C0/*.bi+ati*+ * 3er(gall*+ a+d a-erage sta+dards *r a+y 3ara.eter@40duri+g a+y si+gle a-eragi+g 3eri*d0 T2is 3er(gall*+ -ersus a-erage@=0ele/ti*+ .ust be .ade se3arately *r ea/2 rei+ery a+d *r ea/[email protected]*rter *r *yge+ate ble+der0 +der t2is re-ised a33r*a/2, *r@)0ea.3le, a rei+er /*uld ele/t t* .eet t2e be+7e+e sta+dard 3er(gall*+@&0a+d t2e t*i/s e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard *+ a-erage *r all@90re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*du/ed at a rei+ery, but *+/e t2ese ele/ti*+s



C%0are .ade, t2ey *uld a33ly t* all re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*du/ed atC10t2at rei+ery *r t2e e+tire a-eragi+g 3eri*d *r t2ese 3ara.eters0C@0 E!A is .ai+g t2is /2a+ge r*. t2e 3r*3*sal be/ause it is /*+/er+edCC0t2at u+der t2e 3r*3*sed a33r*a/2 +ati*+ide a-erage le-els *rC40regulated 3ara.eters *uld +*t a/2ie-e t2e le-els * t2e a-erage

C=0sta+dards0 F*r ea.3le, t2e a-erage sta+dard *r be+7e+e is set at %09=C60t, be/ause, a.*+g *t2er a/t*rs, E!A esti.ates t2at t2is le-el is atC)0least as stri+ge+t as t2e be+7e+e le-el t2at *uld eist i+ t2e abse+/eC&0* a-eragi+g0 E!A is /*+/er+ed t2at u+der t2e 3r*3*sed a33r*a/2 *rC90ele/ti+g 3er(gall*+ -ersus a-erage sta+dards t2e +ati*+ide a-erage4%0be+7e+e le-els i+ re*r.ulated gas*li+e *uld be greater t2a+ t2e %09=410t a-erage sta+dard *r be+7e+e0 T2is result *uld be /*+trary t* t2e4@0 i+te+t * t2e "lea+ Air A/t a+d E!A?s g*al t2at a-eragi+g s2*uld result4C0i+ a-erage 3ara.eter le-els t2at are +* less stri+ge+t t2a+ *uld *//ur440i+ t2e abse+/e * a-eragi+g04=0

460 'e/ti*+ @11;);"; * t2e A/t 3r*-ides t2at be+7e+e a+d *yge+4)0/redits .ay +*t result i+ a-erage le-els *r t2ese 3ara.eters t2at are4&0less stri+ge+t t2a+ *uld *//ur i+ t2e abse+/e * usi+g a+y be+7e+e *r490*yge+ /redits0 E!A 2as -ieed t2is /*+strai+t *+ t2e use * /redits as=%0a33r*3riate t* e.3l*y *r all re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3ara.eters t2at .ay=10be .et *+ a-erage, i+/ludi+g 3ara.eters *t2er t2a+ *yge+ a+d be+7e+e,=@0t2at a-eragi+g s2*uld +*t result i+ a-erage 3ara.eter le-els t2at are=C0less stri+ge+t t2a+ *uld *//ur i+ t2e abse+/e * a-eragi+g0=40 I+ additi*+, se/ti*+ @11;1; * t2e A/t dire/ts E!A t* 3r*.ulgate==0re*r.ulated gas*li+e regulati*+s t2at re5uire t2e greatest a/2ie-able=60redu/ti*+s i+ VO" a+d t*i/s e.issi*+s, tai+g i+t* a//*u+t /*st,=)02ealt2 a+d e+-ir*+.e+tal i.3a/ts, a+d e+ergy re5uire.e+ts0 E!A 2as=&0/*+/luded t2at i rei+ers ere re5uired t* .eet t2e re*r.ulated=90gas*li+e sta+dards *+ a 3er(gall*+ basis *+ly, t2at rei+ers *uld6%03r*du/e gas*li+e it2 3r*3erties e5ual t* t2e sta+dards 3lus >>.argi+s* 610(saety?? +e/essary t* e+sure t2e gas*li+e i+ a/t .eets t2e 3ergall*+6@0sta+dards0 E!A als* 2as /*+/luded t2at t2e added leibility6C0a*rded regulated 3arties t2r*ug2 a+ a-erage VO" *r t*i/s sta+dard640results i+ t2e ability by rei+ers a+d i.3*rters t* a/2ie-e .*re6=0stri+ge+t sta+dards 2e+ .et *+ a-erage t2a+ is 3*ssible 2e+ sta+dards660are .et 3er(gall*+, a+d t2e .ag+itude * t2is greater stri+ge+/y is at6)0least e5ual t* t2e .argi+s(*(saety t2at *uld be used it2 3er(gall*+6&0sta+dards0 As a result, i+ i.3le.e+ti+g se/ti*+ @11;1; E!A i+te+ds690t* establis2 re5uire.e+ts t2at ill result i+ re*r.ulated gas*li+e)%02a-i+g VO" a+d t*i/s 3r*3erties t2at i+ 3ra/ti/e are at least e5ual t*)10t2e 3er(gall*+ sta+dards 3lus t2e .argi+s(*(saety 2i/2 is e5ual t*)@0t2e a-erage sta+dards;0)C0

)40 I+ i.3le.e+ti+g t2ese t* statut*ry 3r*-isi*+s, E!A i+te+ds t2at



)=0re*r.ulated gas*li+e s2*uld 2a-e VO" a+d t*i/s e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e)603r*3erties, a+d be+7e+e a+d *yge+ /*+te+t 3r*3erties t2at, regardless))0* 2et2er /redits *r a-eragi+g are used, are i+ 3ra/ti/e at least)&0e5ual t* t2e .*re stri+ge+t 3r*3erties rei+ers *uld a/2ie-e i *+ly a)903er(gall*+ sta+dard ere all*ed0 T2e le-el * t2ese .*re stri+ge+t

&%03r*3erties is at least e5ual t* t2e 3er(gall*+ sta+dard 3lus a+y&10>>.argi+(*(saety?? rei+ers *uld e.3l*y i *+ly 3er(gall*+ sta+dards&@0ere i+/luded0&C0

&40 As a result, E!A 3r*3*sed a+d is ad*3ti+g sta+dards *r a-erage&=0/*.3lia+/e t2at are .*re stri+ge+t t2a+ t2e sta+dards *r 3er(gall*+&60/*.3lia+/e0 M*re*-er, t2e diere+/es betee+ t2e 3r*3*sed a-erage a+d&)03er(gall*+ sta+dards rele/t E!A?s esti.ates * t2is 3er(gall*+&&0>>.argi+(*(saety?? *r ea/2 3ara.eter0 T2e relati*+s2i3 betee+&90.argi+s(*(saety a+d a-erage sta+dards is dis/ussed .*re ully i+ t2e9%0199@ 'N!RM, at =) FR 1C4=)(1C4=&0910

9@0 E!A is /*+/er+ed t2at i rei+ers, i.3*rters, a+d *yge+ate9C0ble+ders /a+ ele/t 3er(gall*+ -ersus a-erage sta+dards *+ a bat/2(bybat/2940basis, t2e le-els * 3ara.eters i+ 3ra/ti/e ill +*t, *+ a-erage,9=0be a33r*i.ately at t2e le-el e3e/ted i *+ly a 3er(gall*+ sta+dard960ere a33lied e5ual t* t2e 3er(gall*+ sta+dards 3lus t2e .argi+s(*saety;,9)0but rat2er ill *+ a-erage be /l*ser t* t2e 3er(gall*+9&0sta+dards0 E!A belie-es t2e 3r*3*sed a33r*a/2 *uld 2a-e t2is result990be/ause * t2e ability * rei+ers a+d i.3*rters t* ele/t t* use t2e1%%0 3er(gall*+ *r t2e a-erage sta+dards se3arately *r ea/2 bat/201%10 F*r ea.3le, t2e 3er(gall*+ be+7e+e sta+dard is 10%% -*l, a+d t2e1%@0 a-erage be+7e+e sta+dard is %09= -*l0 +der t2e 3r*3*sal a rei+er1%C0 /*uld, *r ea/2 bat/2 * gas*li+e 3r*du/ed, ele/t t* .eet t2e 3ergall*+1%40 *r t2e a-erage be+7e+e sta+dard0 E!A belie-es t2at u+der t2e1%=0 3r*3*sed a33r*a/2 .*st rei+ers *uld 3r*du/e gas*li+e it2 t2e1%60 i+te+ti*+ t2at t2e be+7e+e le-el ill be -ery /l*se t*, but slig2tly1%)0 bel*, 10%% -*l0 I t2e rei+er?s be+7e+e test *r a+y gi-e+ bat/21%&0 i+di/ates t2e be+7e+e le-el is betee+ %09= -*l a+d 10%% -*l 2i/21%90 rei+ers *uld be able t* a/2ie-e *r .*st bat/2es;, t2e bat/2 *uld be11%0 3la/ed i+ t2e 3er(gall*+ /*.3lia+/e /ateg*ry0 I t2e rei+er .isses1110 t2is be+7e+e g*al *r a+y bat/2, a+d t2e rei+er?s test result11@0 i+di/ates a be+7e+e le-el ab*-e 10%% -*l 10%= -*l, *r ea.3le;, t2e11C0 rei+er *uld si.3ly 3la/e t2at bat/2 i+ t2e a-erage /*.3lia+/e1140 /ateg*ry, a+d als* 3r*du/e a /*rres3*+di+g -*lu.e * gas*li+e i+ t2e11=0 a-erage /ateg*ry *r /2a+ge a 3re-i*usly(3r*du/ed bat/2 t* t2e a-erage1160 /*.3lia+/e /ateg*ry; 2a-i+g a be+7e+e le-el sui/ie+tly bel* %09=11)0 -*l t2at t2e t* bat/2es 2a-e a+ a-erage be+7e+e /*+te+t * %09= -*l011&0 T2e +et result *-er t2e a++ual be+7e+e a-eragi+g 3eri*d *uld be t2at1190 t2e .a*rity * gas*li+e *uld be i+ t2e 3er(gall*+ /*.3lia+/e /ateg*ry



1640 a-erage sta+dard ele/ti*+s0 Rat2er, 3arties i+ ee/t ill .ae t2is16=0 ele/ti*+ 2e+ t2e irst bat/2 * re*r.ulated gas*li+e is 3r*du/ed *r1660 i.3*rted ea/2 a-eragi+g 3eri*d, be/ause all re*r.ulated gas*li+e16)0 subse5ue+tly 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted duri+g t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d .ust16&0 *ll* t2e lead * t2e irst bat/20

1690

1)%01)10 Oyge+ a-eragi+g1)@0

1)C0 a0 'e3arate *yge+ a-eragi+g *r si.3le .*del VO"(/*+tr*lled1)40 re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 I+ t2e 3r*3*sed regulati*+s 3ublis2ed i+ 199@,1)=0 E!A 3r*3*sed t2at i+ t2e /ase * gas*li+e sube/t t* t2e si.3le .*del1)60 t2e *yge+ sta+dard *uld 2a-e t* be .et se3arately *r re*r.ulated1))0 gas*li+e t2at is desig+ated as VO"(/*+tr*lled0 T2e rati*+ale *r t2is1)&0 /ateg*ry * *yge+ a-eragi+g as t2at u+der t2e si.3le .*del t2e VO"1)90 e.issi*+s redu/ti*+s re5uired *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e *uld be dee.ed1&%0 .et *+ly i t2e *yge+ a+d RV! sta+dards are ea/2 .et *r gas*li+e1&10 desig+ated as VO"(/*+tr*lled0 +der t2at 3r*3*sal, t2e gas*li+e 5uality1&@0 sur-eys t* be /*+du/ted i+ /ities duri+g t2e 2ig2 *7*+e seas*+ *uld1&C0 .easure b*t2 RV! a+d *yge+ * gas*li+e t2e /ity *uld be /*+sidered1&40 t* 2a-e 3assed a VO" sur-ey *+ly i b*t2 t2e *yge+ a+d RV! le-els .et1&=0 t2e 3er(gall*+ sta+dards *r t2ese 3ara.eters01&60 A+ i+dustry gr*u3 /*..e+ted *+ t2is a33r*a/2 t* VO" sur-eys a+d1&)0 *yge+ a-eragi+g0 T2is /*..e+ter suggested t2at t2e VO" sur-eys

s2*uld1&&0 be based *+ a >>si.3le .*del?? VO" e5uati*+ t2at *uld tae i+t*1&90 a//*u+t b*t2 *yge+ a+d RV!0 +der t2is VO" e5uati*+, i t2e *yge+19%0 /*+te+t *u+d duri+g a sur-ey is bel* t2e 3er(gall*+ *yge+ sta+dard1910 *rse t2a+ t2e sta+dard;, t2is dei/ie+/y .ay be *set by a+ RV!19@0 le-el t2at is bel* t2e 3er(gall*+ RV! sta+dard better t2a+ t2e19C0 sta+dard;, a+d -i/e -ersa0 T2is /*..e+ter e+t *+ t* suggest t2at u+der1940 t2is a33r*a/2, t2ere *uld be +* +eed t* re5uire rei+ers a+d i.3*rters19=0 t* se3arately .eet t2e *yge+ sta+dard *r si.3le .*del VO"(/*+tr*lled1960 re*r.ulated gas*li+e0J'!K== I+stead, a//*rdi+g t* t2is /*..e+t, t2e19)0 *yge+ sta+dard s2*uld a33ly *+ly *+ a+ a++ual basis0J'!K=619&0

1990

P=P=+der t2e 199@ 3r*3*sal, t2e se3arate RV! sta+dard *ulda33ly *+ly t* si.3le .*del VO"(/*+tr*lled re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 T2e.a++er i+ 2i/2 t2e RV! sta+dard a33lies t* VO"(/*+tr*lled gas*li+eu+der t*day?s rule is t2e sa.e as i+ t2e 3r*3*sals0 T2e *yge+sta+dard, *+ t2e *t2er 2a+d, *uld 2a-e t* be .et se3arately *r t*



/ateg*ries * re*r.ulated gas*li+e u+der t2e 199@ 3r*3*sal: VO"/*+tr*lledre*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d all re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 P=P6+der t2e 199@ 3r*3*sal, *r 3ur3*ses * *yge+ a-eragi+g,gas*li+e i+te+ded *r use i+ *yge+ated uels 3r*gra. areas duri+gt2e *yge+ated uels /*+tr*l 3eri*ds *r O!R#; /*uld +*t be a-eraged

t*get2er it2 +*+(O!R# gas*li+e0 T2e reas*+ se3arate *yge+a-eragi+g as 3r*3*sed *r +*+(O!R# gas*li+e is t* e+sure areas +*ti+/luded i+ t2e *yge+ated uels 3r*gra. re/ei-e gas*li+e t2at .eetst2e @0% *yge+ /*+te+t .a+dated by t2e "lea+ Air A/t0 I O!R# a+d+*+(O!R# gas*li+e /*uld be a-eraged t*get2er *r *yge+ 3ur3*ses,t2e gas*li+e i+ t2e O!R# areas((2ere @0) eig2t 3er/e+t *yge+ isre5uired duri+g t2e *yge+ated uels /*+tr*l 3eri*d((/*uld be usedt* *set gas*li+e it2 10= eig2t 3er/e+t *yge+ i+te+ded *r usei+ +*+(O!R# areas0

N* /*..e+ts ere re/ei-ed *+ t2is 3r*3*sed treat.e+t * *yge+a-eragi+g *r gas*li+e desig+ated as O!R# -ersus +*+(O!R#, a+d t2istreat.e+t is u+/2a+ged u+der t*day?s rule0

I+ t2e 199C 3r*3*sal, E!A ad*3ted t2e a33r*a/2 t* VO" sur-eys a+d*yge+ a-eragi+g suggested by t2is /*..e+ter0 E!A 2as +* re/*+sidered,a+d 2as i+/luded i+ t2e i+al rule a re5uire.e+t *r se3arate *yge+a-eragi+g *r si.3le .*del VO"(/*+tr*lled gas*li+e0 T2e i+al ruleretai+s t2e >>si.3le .*del?? VO" e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ e5uati*+ *r usei+ gas*li+e 5uality sur-eys duri+g t2e 2ig2 *7*+e seas*+, 2*e-er0 E!A agrees t2at t2e >>si.3le .*del?? VO" e5uati*+ is a33r*3riate*r use i+ t2e VO" /*.3lia+/e sur-eys0 T2is is be/ause t2e sur-eys aredesig+ed t* 2el3 e+sure t2at t2e area i+ a/t re/ei-es t2e VO"redu/ti*+s re5uired by t2e si.3le .*del RV! a+d *yge+ 3er(gall*+ a+da-eragi+g sta+dards, 2ere rei+ers a+d i.3*rters d* +*t +eed t*de.*+strate /*.3lia+/e *+ a-erage bey*+d t2e rei+ery *r i.3*rterle-el0 I t2e sur-eys s2* /*.3lia+/e *+ a-erage it2 t2e e3e/ted VO"redu/ti*+s, t2e+ t2ere *uld +*t be a +eed t* >>rat/2et?? t2e RV! *r*yge+ sta+dards0 D*e-er, t2e sur-eys are a+ e+*r/e.e+t a+d/*.3lia+/e t**l, a+d d* +*t re3la/e t2e si.3le .*del sta+dardst2e.sel-es0 E-e+ i t2e sur-eys are 3assed, t2e se3arate RV! a+d *yge+/*+te+t sta+dards still a33ly u+der t2e si.3le .*del a+d rei+ers a+di.3*rters .ust /*.3ly it2 t2e.0 #i-e+ t2e i+2ere+t li.its *+ t2ere5ue+/y a+d +u.ber * VO" gas*li+e 5uality sur-eys t2ey /a+ +*treas*+ably be treated as a substitute *r t2e sta+dards t2e.sel-es0 Itis reas*+able t* re5uire t2at a rei+er *r i.3*rter de.*+strate/*.3lia+/e it2 t2e si.3le .*del *yge+ /*+te+t sta+dards t2at a33lyu+der a-eragi+g0



+der t2is -ie, t2e 3ur3*se * t2e >>si.3le .*del?? VO" e5uati*+as used i+ VO" /*.3lia+/e sur-eys is t* all* a slig2t -aria+/e i+*yge+ due t* a-eragi+g, t* be *set by a slig2t -aria+/e i+ RV! duet* a-eragi+g, a+d -i/e -ersa0 T2e >>si.3le .*del?? VO" e5uati*+ is +*t

i+te+ded t* e+/*urage rei+ers t* e.3l*y a strategy * 3r*du/i+g si.3le.*del VO"(/*+tr*lled gas*li+e ell bel* t2e *yge+ sta+dard, t* be*set by gas*li+e ell bel* t2e RV! sta+dard0 T2e si.3le .*del RV!a+d *yge+ sta+dards ill still a33ly0 +der t2e /*.3le .*del se3arate *yge+ a-eragi+g is +*t +e/essary*r VO"(/*+tr*lled gas*li+e, be/ause t2ere is a s3e/ii/ sta+dard *rVO" e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e t2at a33lies t* re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 VO"e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e ill be used u+der t2e /*.3le .*del gas*li+e5uality sur-eys0

b0 A-eragi+g a+d /redits u+der t2e se3arate *yge+ /ateg*ries0+der t2e i+al rule, si.3le .*del re*r.ulated gas*li+e desig+ated as.eeti+g t2e *yge+ sta+dard *+ a-erage .ust .eet t2e *yge+ sta+dardduri+g t2e /ale+dar year a-eragi+g 3eri*d, a+d .ust .eet t2is sta+dardse3arately *r VO"(/*+tr*lled gas*li+e, a+d *r +*+(O!R#gas*li+e0J'!K=) T2is 3rea.ble se/ti*+ is i+te+ded t* /lariy t2e.e/2a+is. *r .eeti+g t2ese *-erla33i+g *yge+ re5uire.e+ts it2i+ asi+gle rei+ery *r *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility, *r *r a si+glei.3*rter0 I+ additi*+, t2is se/ti*+ is i+te+ded t* /lariy t2e .a++eri+ 2i/2 *yge+ /redits .ay be /reated, tra+serred, a+d used0

P=P) N*+(O!R# re*r.ulated gas*li+e is re*r.ulated gas*li+e +*ti+te+ded *r use i+ a+ *yge+ated uels /*+tr*l area duri+g t2e*yge+ated uels /*+tr*l 3eri*d0

T2ere are *ur 3*ssible /ateg*ries * re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r3ur3*ses * *yge+ a-eragi+g a+d /redits:

10 VO"(/*+tr*lled, +*+(O!R#@0C0 N*+(VO"(/*+tr*lled, +*+(O!R#40=0 N*+(VO"(/*+tr*lled, O!R# a+d60)0 VO"(/*+tr*lled, O!R#0J'!K=&



&0

P=P&O+e i+dustry gr*u3 /*..e+ted t2at t2ere ill be +* gas*li+ei+ t2e VO"(/*+tr*lled, O!R# /ateg*ry0 E!A disagrees it2 t2is

/*+/lusi*+0

VO"(/*+tr*lled gas*li+e .ust be 3rese+t i+ ter.i+als i+ /*-eredareas duri+g t2e 3eri*d May 1 t2r*ug2 'e3te.ber 1=0 T2e *yge+ateduels /*+tr*l 3eri*ds *r areas t2at als* are i+/luded i+ t2ere*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. begi+ *+ O/t*ber 1 *r later, a+d lastt2r*ug2 eit2er <a+uary *r February, e/e3t *r t2e Ne $*r "ityarea, 2i/2 lasts u+til A3ril C%0 !arties ill su33ly O!R# gas*li+et* ter.i+als i+ ad-a+/e * O/t*ber 1 i+ *rder t* >>ble+d u3??ter.i+als t* t2e *yge+ated uels sta+dard by t2at date0 I t2is

O!R# gas*li+e arri-es at ter.i+als be*re 'e3te.ber 1= 2i/2 lielyill *//ur;, t2e gas*li+e als* *uld 2a-e t* .eet t2e VO"(/*+tr*lsta+dards t2e 3r*du/t t2us *uld be i+ t2e VO"(/*+tr*lled, O!R#/ateg*ry0 A si.ilar situati*+ ill liely *//ur i+ t2e '3ri+g i+ Ne$*r "ity, 2ere 3arties ill su33ly VO"(/*+tr*lled gas*li+e t*ter.i+als i+ ad-a+/e * May 1 i+ *rder t* >>ble+d u3?? ter.i+als t*.eet t2e VO"(/*+tr*l sta+dards by t2at date0 T2is 3re(May 1 gas*li+et2us *uld als* be i+ t2e VO"(/*+tr*lled, O!R# /ateg*ry0

T2e i+al rule d*es +*t re5uire t2at ea/2 * t2ese /ateg*ries .ustse3arately .eet t2e *yge+ sta+dard0 O+ly VO"(/*+tr*lled a+d +*+(O!R#gas*li+e .ust ea/2 se3arately .eet t2e *yge+ sta+dard0 As a result,t2e *yge+ a-eragi+g sta+dards .ust be se3arately .et *r t2e *ll*i+gt2ree /lasses * gas*li+e:

10 All re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted, /*+sisti+g *@0 all *ur /ateg*riesC040 VO"(/*+tr*lled gas*li+e, /*+sisti+g * t2e VO"(/*+tr*lled,=0 O!R# a+d VO"(/*+tr*lled, +*+(O!R# /ateg*ries a+d60)0 N*+(O!R# gas*li+e, /*+sisti+g * t2e VO"(/*+tr*lled, +*+O!R#&0 a+d +*+(VO"(/*+tr*lled, +*+(O!R# /ateg*ries090

I+ *rder *r *yge+ /redit /reati*+ a+d use t* be /*+siste+t it2t2e se3arate /lasses * *yge+ a-eragi+g, t2e /reat*rLtra+ser*r * a+y/redits .ust ide+tiy 2i/2 * t2e *ur /ateg*ries t2e /redits



re3rese+t0 T2e userLtra+seree * /redits .ust a33ly t2e /redits t*t2at sa.e /ateg*ry, i+ *rder t* deter.i+e i t2e *yge+ a-eragi+gre5uire.e+ts 2a-e bee+ .et *r t2e t2ree /lasses s3e/iied ab*-e0 y ay * ea.3le, assu.e t2at Rei+er A 3r*du/ed t2e *ll*i+gbat/2es * re*r.ulated gas*li+e, ea/2 * 2i/2 as desig+ated *r

a-erage /*.3lia+/e *r *yge+, a+d ea/2 * 2i/2 as 3r*du/ed duri+gt2e sa.e /ale+dar year:

8esig+ati*+sV*lu.e (((((((((((((((((((((

at/2 N*0 gall*+s; Oyge+ VO"/*+te+t/*+tr*lled O!R#

100000000000000000000000000000 1%% @0C $es0000000 N*0@00000000000000000000000000000 1=% 109 N*00000000 N*0C00000000000000000000000000000 1@% @0@ N*00000000 $es0400000000000000000000000000000 1%% 10& $es0000000 $es0=00000000000000000000000000000 1C% @01 $es0000000 N*0600000000000000000000000000000 16% @0@ N*00000000 N*0)00000000000000000000000000000 16% @0= $es0000000 N*0

Rei+er A t2e+ /al/ulated t2e /*.3lia+/e t*tal *r *yge+ *r ea/2* t2e *ur /ateg*ries, by .ulti3lyi+g t2e -*lu.e * gas*li+e i+ t2at/ateg*ry ti.es @01 a+d t2e a/tual t*tal *r *yge+ *r ea/2 /ateg*ry,by .ulti3lyi+g t2e -*lu.e * ea/2 bat/2 i+ a /ateg*ry ti.es t2e *yge+/*+te+t * t2e bat/2, a+d su..i+g t2e results *r t2e /ateg*ry0 T2erei+er?s results are as *ll*s:

"ateg*ries(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((

VO"( N*+(VO"( N*+(VO"( VO"(/*+tr*l, /*+tr*l, /*+tr*l, /*+tr*l,+*+(O!R# +*+(O!R# O!R# O!R#

"*.3lia+/e t*tal0000 &19 6=1 @=@ @1%



A/tual t*tal00000000 9%C 6C) @64 1&%

Rei+er A tra+serred =@ /redits i+ t2e VO"(/*+tr*lled, +*+(O!R#

/ateg*ry t* a+*t2er rei+er, a+d re/al/ulated its a/tual t*tal i+ t2at/ateg*ry t* be &=10

Rei+er A t2e+ /al/ulated its /*.3lia+/e 3*siti*+ it2 regard t*ea/2 se3arate /lass * *yge+ a-eragi+g, by /al/ulati+g t2e /*.3lia+/et*tal a+d t2e a/tual t*tal *r t2e t2ree /lasses * *yge+ a-eragi+g:VO"(/*+tr*lled, +*+(O!R#, a+d *-erall0 T2e results * t2ese/al/ulati*+s are as *ll*s:

"lass * *yge+ a-eragi+g(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((

VO"(/*+tr*l N*+(O!R# O-erall

"*.3lia+/e t*tal00000000000000000000 1%@9 14)% 19C@ A/tual t*tal000000000000000000000000 1%C1 14&& 19C@Net t*tal000000000000000000000000000 @ 1& %

e/ause t2e a/tual t*tal *r *yge+ is, *r ea/2 /lass * *yge+a-eragi+g, e5ual t* *r greater t2a+ t2e /*.3lia+/e t*tal, Rei+er A 2as.et t2e *yge+ a-eragi+g sta+dards0

F*r gas*li+e sube/t t* t2e /*.3le .*del, t2ere are *+ly t*/lasses *r *yge+ a-eragi+g: +*+(O!R#, a+d *-erall0 I+ /*+se5ue+/e,*yge+ /redits .ust be 3la/ed i+t* *+e * *+ly t* /ateg*ries((O!R#,a+d +*+(O!R#0 Bit2 t2ese si.3lii/ati*+s, *yge+ /redits *r gas*li+esube/t t* /*.3le .*del sta+dards *uld be /reated, tra+serred, a+duse i+ a .a++er si.ilar t* t2e ea.3le des/ribed ab*-e0 e/ause * t2ediere+/es i+ *yge+ /ateg*ries *r si.3le a+d /*.3le gas*li+e,2*e-er, *yge+ /redits ge+erated r*. gas*li+e sube/t t* t2e /*.3le.*del /*uld +*t be used t* a/2ie-e /*.3lia+/e *r gas*li+e sube/t t*t2e si.3le .*del0

C0 NOJINFK a-eragi+g



E!A 3r*3*sed t2at t2e NOJINFK /*.3le .*del sta+dard *uld be a %e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e i+/rease u+der !2ase I * t2e /*.3le .*delbe*re @%%%0 +der !2ase II * t2e /*.3le .*del begi++i+g i+ @%%%, E!A

3r*3*sed a ra+ge * NOJINFK sta+dards, r*. a % e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/ei+/rease t* a 1= e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e de/rease0 A-eragi+g as +*t3r*3*sed as a /*.3lia+/e *3ti*+ *r NOJINFK0 I+ t2e i+al rule, E!A2as i+ali7ed t2e !2ase II NOJINFK sta+dards, a+d 2as all*ed *rNOJINFK a-eragi+g u+der b*t2 !2ase I a+d !2ase II0 +der !2ase I i+ t2e i+al rule, t2e NOJINFK 3er(gall*+ sta+dardre.ai+s at t2e 3r*3*sed le-el * a % e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e i+/rease0T2e i+al rule als* 3r*-ides a+ a-erage sta+dard *r NOJINFK/*.3lia+/e * a 10= e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+, 2i/2 is .*restri+ge+t t2a+ t2e 3er(gall*+ sta+dard, a+d it2 a+ ass*/iated 3ergall*+.i+i.u. NOJINFK sta+dard * a @0= e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/ei+/rease0

E!A belie-es t2at t2e .*st a33r*3riate i+ter3retati*+ * se/ti*+@11;@;A; is t2at t2e NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * re*r.ulatedgas*li+e s2*uld be at t2e le-el e3e/ted r*. a % NOJINFK i+/reasesta+dard *+ a 3er(gall*+ basis0 T2is a33r*a/2 guara+tees +* i+/rease i+NOJINFK e.issi*+s, a+d is a reas*+able i+ter3retati*+ * t2is3r*-isi*+0 At t2e sa.e ti.e, E!A d*es +*t belie-e t2at NOJINFKa-eragi+g is 3re/luded i+ all /ases u+der t2is 3r*-isi*+0 T2e tet *se/ti*+ @11;@;A; is +*t e3li/it *+ t2is 3*i+t, a+d t2e/ertii/ati*+ 3r*-isi*+ * se/ti*+ @11;4; *uld a33ear t* all*a-eragi+g *-er a slate * uels0

T2e !2ase I NOJINFK a-eragi+g 3r*-isi*+s are desig+ed su/2 t2att2e a-erage NOJINFK 3er*r.a+/e * re*r.ulated gas*li+e s2*uld be t2esa.e u+der eit2er sta+dard0 #i-e+ t2is result, a+d t2e dis/reti*+a*rded t2e Ad.i+istrat*r i+ se/ti*+ @11 ;@;A; a+d ;4;, t2eNOJINFK a-eragi+g 3r*-isi*+s u+der !2ase I /*.3le .*del sta+dards isa reas*+able ay t* i.3le.e+t t2is statut*ry re5uire.e+t0 +der !2ase II, t2e NOJINFK sta+dards are diere+t *r VO"/*+tr*lled-ersus +*+(VO"(/*+tr*lled gas*li+e0 N*+(VO"(/*+tr*lledgas*li+e 2as t2e sa.e 3er(gall*+, a-erage, a+d 3er(gall*+ .i+i.u.sta+dards as u+der !2ase I0 T2e NOJINFK sta+dards *r VO"(/*+tr*lledgas*li+e u+der !2ase II re5uire a NOJINFK redu/ti*+: A =0= e.issi*+s3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+ i+ t2e /ase * t2e 3er(gall*+ sta+dard, a+d a60& e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+ i+ t2e /ase * t2e a-eragesta+dard0 I+ additi*+, t2e a-erage sta+dard 2as a+ ass*/iated 3ergall*+.i+i.u. NOJINFK sta+dard * a C0% e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/eredu/ti*+0 T2e rati*+ale *r re5uiri+g NOJINFK redu/ti*+s i+



/*+u+/ti*+ it2 VO"(/*+tr*lled gas*li+e u+der !2ase II is dis/ussed.*re ully i+ se/ti*+ VI * t2e 3rea.ble0 T2e ge+eral a33r*a/2 used *r setti+g t2e a-erage NOJINFKsta+dards, a+d t2e 3er(gall*+ NOJINFK .i+i.u.s ass*/iated it2 t2ea-erage sta+dards, is t2e sa.e as *r *t2er a-erage a+d 3er(gall*+

.i+i.u.sL.ai.u.s *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 T2e a-erage sta+dard isset at a le-el t2at is e5ual t* t2e 3er(gall*+ sta+dard 3lus t2e>>.argi+(*(saety?? rei+ers *uld use t* e+sure /*.3lia+/e i *+ly a3er(gall*+ sta+dard ere all*ed0 E!A esti.ates t2is >>.argi+(*saety??*uld be 10= i+ t2e /ase * VO" a+d t*i/s e.issi*+s3er*r.a+/e0 I+ t2e /ase * NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e, E!Aesti.ates t2e >>.argi+(*(saety?? als* *uld be 10= duri+g !2ase I,but duri+g !2ase II *uld be 10C0

T2e 3er(gall*+ .i+i.u. is i+/luded i+ *rder t* /a3 t2e a-eragi+gra+ge0 It is set at a le-el t2at is @0= less stri+ge+t t2a+ t2e 3ergall*+sta+dard i+ t2e /ase * VO", t*i/s, a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s3er*r.a+/e0 i.iti+g t2e a-eragi+g ra+ge is *+e * t2e .e/2a+is.si+/luded i+ t2e i+al rule t* e+sure ea/2 /*-ered area re/ei-esre*r.ulated gas*li+e t2at *+ a-erage 3r*-ides t2e air 5uality be+eits"*+gress i+te+ded *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 T2e relati*+s2i3 betee+3er(gall*+ a+d a-erage sta+dards, a+d t2e +eed *r 3er(gall*+ .i+i.u.sa+d .ai.u.s, are dis/ussed i+ t2e 199@ 'N!RM at =) FR 1C4==(1C4=&0 T2e i+al rule re5uires t2at t2e NOJINFK a-eragi+g sta+dards u+derb*t2 !2ase I a+d !2ase II .ust be .et se3arately *r gas*li+e a+d ROt2at is desig+ated VO"(/*+tr*lled a+d *r gas*li+e a+d RO t2at is +*tdesig+ated as VO"(/*+tr*lled0 T2is se3arate a-eragi+g is +e/essary i+*rder t* e+sure t2at t2e *7*+e redu/ti*+ be+eits deri-i+g r*. t2eNOJINFK redu/ti*+s *//ur duri+g t2e 2ig2 *7*+e seas*+0 I t2e VO"/*+tr*lleda+d +*+(VO"(/*+tr*lled gas*li+e /*uld be a-eraged t*get2er*-er t2e e+tire /ale+dar year NOJINFK a-eragi+g 3eri*d, t2ere is t2e3*ssibility t2at gas*li+e i+ t2e +*+(VO"(/*+tr*lled /ateg*ry /*uld 2a-esui/ie+t NOJINFK redu/ti*+s t2at, t2r*ug2 a-eragi+g, gas*li+e i+ t2eVO"(/*+tr*lled /ateg*ry *uld +*t 2a-e t2e i+te+ded NOJINFKredu/ti*+s0

'e3arate NOJINFK a-eragi+g *r VO"(/*+tr*lled a+d +*+(VO"/*+tr*lledgas*li+e als* is +e/essary t* e+sure t2at b*t2 t2e VO"/*+tr*lleda+d t2e +*+(VO"(/*+tr*lled /ateg*ries * gas*li+e /*.3lyit2 t2e +* i+/rease i+ NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e i+stru/ti*+ *se/ti*+ @11;@;A; * t2e A/t0 I VO"(/*+tr*lled a+d +*+(VO"/*+tr*lledgas*li+e /*uld be a-eraged t*get2er, t2ere is t2e3*ssibility t2at t2e gas*li+e i+ *+e /ateg*ry *r t2e *t2er *uld 2a-egreater NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+s t2a+ is re5uired,it2 t2e /*+se5ue+/e t2at t2e gas*li+e i+ t2e *t2er /ateg*ry /*uld 2a-e



a NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e i+/rease0 Re5uiri+g se3arate NOJINFKa-eragi+g *r VO"(/*+tr*lled a+d +*+(VO"(/*+tr*lled gas*li+e 3re-e+tst2is 3*ssibility0

I+ a de3arture r*. t2e ge+eral a33r*a/2 used *r a-eragesta+dards, t2ere is +* gas*li+e 5uality sur-ey 3rere5uisite *r use *t2e /*.3le .*del !2ase II NOJINFK a-erage sta+dard *r VO"(/*+tr*lledgas*li+e0 T2e gas*li+e 5uality sur-eys ser-e t2e 3ur3*se * e+suri+gt2at t2e .i+i.u. re*r.ulated gas*li+e re5uire.e+ts * se/ti*+ @11;are .et i+ ea/2 /*-ered area 2e+ a-eragi+g is used0 T2e .i+i.u. 3ergall*+ NOJINFK redu/ti*+s re5uired u+der !2ase II *r VO"(/*+tr*lledgas*li+e g* bey*+d t2e .i+i.u. re5uire.e+ts * se/ti*+ @11;, 2*e-er,s* t2ere is /ertai+ty t2e .i+i.u. NOJINFK re5uire.e+ts * se/ti*+@11;@;A; +* NOJINFK i+/rease; ill be .et i+ ea/2 /*-ered areait2*ut t2e +eed *r sur-eys a+d 3*ssible rat/2ets0

F0 'ur-ey Issues

10 Rat/2ets * 'i.3le a+d "*.3le 'ta+dards *+ 'ur-ey Failure@0 +der t2e 199@ a+d 199C 3r*3*sals, a+d u+der t2e i+al rule,C0 rei+ers, i.3*rters, a+d *yge+ate ble+ders t2at .eet sta+dards *+40 a-erage .ust /*+du/t gas*li+e 5uality sur-eys i+ re*r.ulated gas*li+e=0 /*-ered areas i+ t2e e-e+t * a sur-ey ailure *r a 3ara.eter, t2e60 sta+dards *r t2at 3ara.eter are >>rat/2eted?? t* be .*re rig*r*us0)0 +der t2e 199C 3r*3*sal, a+d u+der t2e i+al rule, VO" a+d t*i/s&0 sur-eys /*+sist * a si.3le .*del 3*rti*+ a+d a /*.3le .*del 3*rti*+090 Als* u+der t2e 199C 3r*3*sal, E!A 3r*3*sed t2at i+ t2e e-e+t * a1%0ailure * eit2er t2e si.3le *r t2e /*.3le .*del 3*rti*+s * a VO" *r110 t*i/s sur-ey, t2at b*t2 si.3le a+d /*.3le .*del VO" a+d t*i/s1@0sta+dards *uld be rat/2eted0J'!K=91C0

140

P=P9 'ur-eys *r be+7e+e a+d *yge+ i+/lude b*t2 si.3le a+d/*.3le .*del sa.3les, be/ause t2e .easure.e+ts *r t2ese uel3ara.eters are +*t de3e+de+t *+ t2e si.3le *r t2e /*.3le .*dels0 Asa result, ailure * a be+7e+e sur-ey results i+ rat/2ets * t2ebe+7e+e sta+dard u+der b*t2 t2e si.3le a+d t2e /*.3le .*dels a+dt2e ailure * a+ *yge+ sur-ey results i+ rat/2ets * t2e *yge+sta+dard u+der b*t2 t2e si.3le a+d t2e /*.3le .*dels0

O+e i+dustry gr*u3 /*..e+ted *+ t2is 3r*3*sal t* rat/2et b*t2



*yge+ *r be+7e+e le-els t2at are *rse t2a+ *uld *//ur i +* /redit3r*-isi*+s ere all*ed0 T2is is t2e statut*ry basis *r i+/ludi+gbe+7e+e a+d *yge+ /redits i+ t2e 3r*3*sals a+d i+ t2e i+al rule0 E!A belie-es t2ese 3r*-isi*+s are satisied by rei+ery(baseda-eragi+g /*.bi+ed it2 /*.3lia+/e sur-eys, but als* belie-es t2ey

*uld all* a rei+er *r i.3*rter t* .eet t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+esta+dards *r *yge+ a+dL*r be+7e+e but +*t *r *t2er 3ara.eters; *+a-erage i t2e 3arty is able t* de.*+strate t2e gas*li+e it 3r*du/es *ri.3*rts, a+d uses it2i+ a si+gle /*-ered area, .eets t2e *yge+ *rbe+7e+e sta+dards *+ a-erage0 T* t2e ete+t se/ti*+ @11;); 3r*-ides*r su/2 i+tra(/*-ered area a-eragi+g, it *uld be all*ed it2*ut t2e+eed *r t2e gas*li+e 5uality sur-eys t2at are t2e ge+eral 3rere5uisite*r a-eragi+g0

I+ *rder t* gi-e regulat*ry ee/t t* t2is a-eragi+g as3e/t *se/ti*+ @11;); * t2e A/t, E!A 3r*3*sed regulati*+s t2at *uld all*i+tra(/*-ered area a-eragi+g it2*ut .eeti+g t2e sur-ey re5uire.e+ts0T2e 3r*3*sal *uld 2a-e all*ed t2is a-eragi+g a33r*a/2 *r all3ara.eters t2at .ay be a-eraged0 T2e 3r*3*sal did +*t, 2*e-er, i+/ludee+*r/e.e+t .e/2a+is.s i+te+ded t* e+sure a 3arty /2**si+g t2is *3ti*+d*es s* 3r*3erly, su/2 as .e/2a+is.s t* e+sure, a+d d*/u.e+t, t2egas*li+e i+ 5uesti*+ is used *+ly i+ a si+gle /*-ered area, su/2 asre/*rdee3i+g, re3*rti+g, *r 5uality assura+/e re5uire.e+ts0

E!A ge+erally 2as retai+ed t2is a-eragi+g *3ti*+ i+ t2e i+al rulei+ se/ti*+ &%06)a;@;, but it2 se-eral .*dii/ati*+s0 T2e i+al rulerestri/ts t2e +*+(sur-ey a-eragi+g *3ti*+ t* *yge+ a+d be+7e+e *+ly0T2is restri/ti*+ is i+/luded be/ause E!A i+te+ds t* li.it itsa33li/ati*+ *+ly t* t2*se 3ara.eters i+/luded i+ se/ti*+ @11;); *t2e A/t0 I+ additi*+, E!A 2as i+/luded i+ t2e i+al rule t2ere5uire.e+t t2at a+y 3arty i+te+di+g t* use t2e +*+(sur-ey a-eragi+g*3ti*+ .ust irst *btai+ a33r*-al r*. E!A t2r*ug2 a 3etiti*+ 3r*/ess0T2e i+al rule s3e/iies t2at t2e 3etiti*+ .ust des/ribe i+ detail t2e.e/2a+is.s t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter ill use t* e+sure t2at t2e gas*li+ei+ 5uesti*+ is i+ a/t 3r*du/ed by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rted by t2ei.3*rter, a+d is used *+ly it2i+ t2e /*-ered area a+d i+ +* *t2erattai+.e+t area *r /*-ered area0 T2e 3etiti*+ als* .ust des/ribe t2ere/*rdee3i+g, re3*rti+g, auditi+g, a+d *t2er 5uality assura+/e.easures t2e 3arty ill use t* d*/u.e+t a+d re3*rt t2e 5uality * t2egas*li+e used i+ t2e /*-ered area0

T2e 3etiti*+ *uld be e3e/ted t* address .e/2a+is.s t* establis2it2 /ertai+ty t2e 3r*3erties * t2e gas*li+e used i+ t2e /*-ered area,a+d .e/2a+is.s t* e+sure t2e gas*li+e deli-ered *r use i+ t2e /*-eredarea is +*t tra+s3*rted by a tra+seree * t2e gas*li+e e0g0, a tru/



distribut*r; *r use i+ a+ ad*i+i+g attai+.e+t area *r i+ a+*t2er/*-ered area0 T* t2e ete+t a+y * a 3arty?s gas*li+e is .ied it2gas*li+e 3r*du/ed by a+*t2er rei+er *r i.3*rted by a+*t2er i.3*rter i+t2e u+gible gas*li+e distributi*+ syste., E!A belie-es t2e 3arty *uld2a-e seri*us dii/ulty a/2ie-i+g t2e 3r*du/t tra/i+g /ertai+ties

re5uired *r i+tra(/*-ered area a-eragi+g0 E!A belie-es t2is i+tra(/*-ered area a-eragi+g a33r*a/2 ill 2a-e-ery li.ited, i a+y, a33li/ati*+, be/ause it re5uires 3re/ise tra/i+g* t2e 5uality * gas*li+e t2at is 3r*du/ed by a si+gle rei+er *r isi.3*rted by a si+gle i.3*rter a+d used it2i+ a si+gle /*-ered area0 Itas t2e great dii/ulty i+ t2is ty3e * gas*li+e tra/i+g, -*i/ed byrei+ers a+d d*+strea. seg.e+ts * t2e gas*li+e distributi*+ syste.,t2at ga-e rise t* t2e ge+eral re*r.ulated gas*li+e a-eragi+g a33r*a/2i+/luded i+ t2e i+al rule((* rei+ery(le-el a-eragi+g /*.bi+ed it2/*-ered area gas*li+e 5uality sur-eys0 Da-i+g establis2ed .e/2a+is.s t*a//*.3lis2 a-eragi+g *+ a +ati*+ide basis, E!A belie-es it s2*uldsa+/ti*+ se3arate, i+tra(/*-ered area a-eragi+g *+ly i t2ere is/*.3lete /ertai+ty t2e i+tra(/*-ered area a33r*a/2 /a+ be /arried *utsu//essully a+d i+ a .a++er sube/t t* ull e+*r/e.e+t *-ersig2t0 E!Aurt2er belie-es t2e 3etiti*+(a33r*a/2 i+/luded *r i+tra(/*-ered areaa-eragi+g is t2e best .ea+s * a//*.3lis2i+g t2is /ertai+ty, it2*ut3r*.ulgati+g a+ additi*+al ete+si-e regulat*ry s/2e.e0

#0 "*+-e+ti*+al #as*li+e Marer

E!A?s 3r*3*sed i+te+t t* desig+ate t2e /2e.i/al 32e+*l32t2alei+ ast2e re5uired .arer *r /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e 2as bee+ sube/ted t*re/*+siderati*+ *+ t2e basis * 32e+*l32t2alei+ ield tests /*+du/tedusi+g t2e gas*li+e 3i3eli+e *3erated by t2e A.*/* Oil "*.3a+y i+Ma+da+, N*rt2 8a*ta by t2e A.eri/a+ !etr*leu. I+stitute a+d A.*/*0 T2eresults * t2*se ield tests suggest t2at 32e+*l32t2alei+ .ay +*t3er*r. t* E!A?s e3e/tati*+s *r reliably disti+guis2i+g /*+-e+ti*+algas*li+e r*. re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 '3e/ii/ally, t2e ield testssuggest t2at 32e+*l32t2alei+ d*es +*t ade5uately .i it2 /*+-e+ti*+algas*li+e a+d .ay a/t t* /*+ta.i+ate ater, .etal sura/es a+dL*r *t2er3etr*leu. 3r*du/ts0

A//*rdi+gly, E!A 2as ele/ted +*t t* issue a i+al rule g*-er+i+g/*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e .arers at t2is ti.e0 I+stead, E!A 2as u+dertae+urt2er i+-estigati*+ * alter+ati-e .arers it2 i+terested 3etr*leu.a+d /2e.i/al /*.3a+ies0 E!A i+te+ds t* 3ublis2 a +e 3r*3*sal *r t2e/*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e .arer, a+d t* 3r*.ulgate a i+al /*+-e+ti*+algas*li+e .arer rule based *+ t2is 3r*3*sal0 I+terested 3arties ill2a-e t2e *33*rtu+ity t* /*..e+t *+ t2is 3r*3*sal0

D0 Res3*+sibilities * Rei+ers a+d Oyge+ate le+ders



T2e i+tr*du/ti*+ t* t2is !rea.ble se/ti*+ des/ribes t2e -ari*usres3*+sibilities * rei+ers a+d *yge+ate ble+ders u+der t2ere*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.0 "*..e+ts ere re/ei-ed re5uesti+g/larii/ati*+ * t2e re5uire.e+ts t2at *uld a33ly i+ a /ase 2ere .*re

t2a+ *+e 3arty is i+-*l-ed i+ a rei+ery *r *yge+ate ble+di+g*3erati*+0

T2e i+al regulati*+s dei+e t2e ter.s >>rei+er,?? >>rei+ery,??>>*yge+ate ble+der,?? a+d >>*yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility0??J'!K6% T2edei+iti*+ * >>*yge+ate ble+der?? i+/ludes a 3arty t2at *+s *r/*+tr*ls t2e ble+dst*/s *r gas*li+e used *r t2e gas*li+e 3r*du/ed ata+ *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility0 T2is dei+iti*+ is +e/essary i+re/*g+iti*+ * t2e 3ra/ti/e * ble+dst*/ *+ers t* s3e/iy t2e ty3ea+d a.*u+t * *yge+ates t* be added by a+*t2er 3arty0 e/ause t2eble+dst*/ *+er t2us eer/ises /*+tr*l *-er t2e ble+di+g *3erati*+ a+dae/ts t2e 5ualities * t2e i+is2ed gas*li+e, it is a33r*3riate t*i+/lude t2e 3r*du/t *+er it2i+ t2e dei+iti*+ * *yge+ate ble+dersa+d t* i.3*se res3*+sibility *r regulat*ry /*.3lia+/e *+ t2at 3artyit2 substa+tial /*+tr*l *-er t2e 5uality * t2e i+al 3r*du/t0

P6P% 'e/ti*+ &%0@2; dei+es rei+ery as >>a 3la+t at 2i/2gas*li+e is 3r*du/ed0??

'e/ti*+ &%0@i; dei+es rei+er as >>a+y 3ers*+ 2* *+s,leases, *3erates, /*+tr*ls, *r su3er-ises a rei+ery0?? 'e/ti*+ &%0@ll; dei+es *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility as >>a+ya/ility i+/ludi+g a tru/; at 2i/2 *yge+ate is added t* gas*li+e*r ble+dst*/, a+d at 2i/2 t2e 5uality *r 5ua+tity * gas*li+e is+*t altered i+ a+y *t2er .a++er e/e3t *r t2e additi*+ * de3*sit/*+tr*l additi-es0??

'e/ti*+ &%0@..; dei+es *yge+ate ble+der as >>a+y 3ers*+ 2**+s, leases, *3erates, /*+tr*ls, *r su3er-ises a+ *yge+ateble+di+g a/ility, *r 2* *+s *r /*+tr*ls t2e ble+dst*/s *rgas*li+e used *r t2e gas*li+e 3r*du/ed at a+ *yge+ate ble+di+ga/ility0??



As a result * t2ese dei+iti*+s, t2ere .ay be situati*+s 2ere.*re t2a+ *+e 3ers*+ .eets t2e dei+iti*+ * rei+er *r *yge+ateble+der *r a si+gle rei+ery *r *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility0 F*rea.3le, at a+ *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility t2ere .ay be *+e 3ers*+ 2**+s t2e RO a+d *yge+ate a+d /auses t2*se 3r*du/ts t* be /*.bi+ed t*

3r*du/e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 2* als* /*uld be a distribut*r *rreseller;, a+*t2er 3ers*+ 2* *+s t2e gas*li+e st*rage ta+s i+ 2i/2t2e RO a+d *yge+ate are /*.bi+ed 2* als* /*uld be a tru/ *rter.i+al /arrier;, a+d still a+*t2er 3ers*+ 2* *3erates a+d /*+tr*lst2e ble+di+g e5ui3.e+t at t2e a/ility *+ a day(t*(day basis0 Ea/2 *t2e 3arties des/ribed i+ t2is ea.3le i+de3e+de+tly .eets t2edei+iti*+ * *yge+ate ble+der *r t2e *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ilitydes/ribed0 A si.ilar s/e+ari*, it2 .*re t2a+ *+e 3ers*+ .eeti+g t2edei+iti*+ * rei+er, is 3*ssible i+ t2e /ase * a rei+ery0 T2e i+al rule 3r*-ides t2at ea/2 3ers*+ .eeti+g t2e dei+iti*+ *rei+er *r *yge+ate ble+der is i+de3e+de+tly res3*+sible t2atsta+dards a+d *t2er re5uire.e+ts t2at atta/2 t* a rei+i+g *r *yge+ateble+di+g *3erati*+ .ust be .et0 T2is is t2e sa.e re5uire.e+t t2atatta/2es i+ *t2er .*t*r -e2i/le uel regulat*ry 3r*gra.s0 F*r ea.3le,u+der t2e gas*li+e lead 32ased*+ 3r*gra., i+ /ases 2ere t2e lead32ased*+ sta+dard is -i*lated as a result * e/ess a-erage lead/*+te+t * gas*li+e 3r*du/ed, E!A 2*lds ea/2 3ers*+ .eeti+g t2e rei+erdei+iti*+ liable a+d u+der t2e gas*li+e -*latility 3r*gra., i+ /ases2ere t2e -*latility sta+dard is -i*lated as a result * i.3r*3er*yge+ate ble+di+g, E!A 2*lds ea/2 3ers*+ .eeti+g t2e dei+iti*+ **yge+ate ble+der liable0

D*e-er, as i+ *t2er .*t*r -e2i/le uel regulat*ry 3r*gra.s, E!Ai+te+ds t* eer/ise its e+*r/e.e+t dis/reti*+ a+d +*t see t* 2*ldliable 3arties .eeti+g a dei+iti*+ i+ relati*+ t* a bat/2 * gas*li+et2at /2*se t* *i+tly .eet t2e re5uire.e+ts * t2e i+al rule0 I+3ra/ti/e, t2ere*re, ea/2 re5uire.e+t 3ertai+i+g t* a+ i+di-idual bat/2* gas*li+e .ust be .et *+ly *+/e0 F*r ea.3le, t2e deter.i+ati*+ *3r*3erties, i+de3e+de+t sa.3li+g a+d testi+g, /*.3lia+/e audits,testi+g * RO, re/*rd ee3i+g a+d re3*rti+g re5uire.e+ts, a+d*yge+ate ble+der 5uality assura+/e 3r*gra.s +eed +*t be .et se3aratelyby ea/2 3ers*+ 2* .eets t2e rei+er *r *yge+ate ble+der dei+iti*+it2 res3e/t t* a s3e/ii/ bat/2 * gas*li+e *r ble+dst*/0 Rat2er,it2i+ t2e eer/ise * E!A?s e+*r/e.e+t dis/reti*+, ea/2 3arty isi+di-idually res3*+sible *r e+suri+g t2at ea/2 re5uire.e+t is .et atleast *+/e *r a+y s3e/ii/ bat/20

F*r ea.3le, E!A *uld eer/ise its e+*r/e.e+t dis/reti*+ a+d +*tsee t* i.3*se liability *+ a 3arty t2at .eets t2e dei+iti*+ **yge+ate ble+der t2at d*es +*t se3arately sa.3le a+d test t2e gas*li+e



3r*du/ed *r se3arately sub.it re3*rts t* E!A relati+g t* a s3e/ii/bat/2 * gas*li+e, as l*+g as s*.e 3arty it2 e5ui-ale+t sta+di+g a+*yge+ate ble+der; d*es /*+du/t t2e re5uired sa.3li+g a+d testi+g a+dd*es ile a -alid a++ual re3*rt0 D*e-er, ea/2 3ers*+ .eeti+g t2edei+iti*+ * *yge+ate ble+der i+ t2is ea.3le is i+di-idually

res3*+sible t2at t2e re5uired sa.3li+g a+d testi+g *//urs a+d t2at t2ere5uired re3*rts t* E!A are sub.itted0 E!A a+ti/i3ates t2at t2e 3e*3le i+-*l-ed i+ a rei+i+g *r *yge+ateble+di+g *3erati*+ ill dis/uss a.*+g t2e.sel-es 2* ill beres3*+sible *r ea/2 * t2e regulat*ry re5uire.e+ts0 I+ .*st /ases, E!Aa+ti/i3ates t2at t2e 3r*du/t *+er ill tae t2e lead i+ satisyi+gre5uire.e+ts, t2*ug2 t2e all*/ati*+ * t2ese res3*+sibilities isstri/tly it2i+ t2e 3r*-i+/e * t2e regulated 3arties i+-*l-ed0 I arei+ery *r *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility re5uire.e+t is a//*.3lis2ed by*+e 3ers*+, E!A ill /*+sider t2e re5uire.e+t t* 2a-e bee+ a//*.3lis2edby ea/2 3ers*+ 2* .eets t2e dei+iti*+ * rei+er *r *yge+ateble+der0 I a rei+ery *r *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility re5uire.e+t is+*t 3r*3erly a//*.3lis2ed, 2*e-er, E!A ill /*+sider t2e la3se t* be a-i*lati*+ by ea/2 3ers*+ 2* .eets t2e dei+iti*+ * rei+er *r*yge+ate ble+der0 'i.ilarly, i a sta+dard a33li/able t* t2e rei+ery*r *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility is +*t satisied, E!A ill /*+sider ea/23ers*+ 2* .eets t2e dei+iti*+ * rei+er *r *yge+ate ble+der t* 2a-eailed t* satisy t2e rele-a+t sta+dard0 E!A a+ti/i3ates t2at re*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d RO ill be3r*du/ed e/lusi-ely, *r al.*st e/lusi-ely, at t2e rei+ery at 2i/2t2e ble+dst*/s are 3r*du/ed r*. /rude *il, due t* t2e /*.3leitiesi+2ere+t i+ 3r*du/i+g re*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d RO0 E!A belie-es itill be -ery dii/ult *r a d*+strea. 3arty t* *btai+ ble+dst*/sit2 t2e s3e/ii/ .itures * 3r*3erties su/2 t2at t2e ble+dst*/s .aybe ble+ded t*get2er t* 3r*du/e gas*li+e .eeti+g t2e sta+dards *rre*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO0

D*e-er, i su/2 d*+strea. ble+di+g(rei+i+g d*es *//ur, allre5uire.e+ts atta/2i+g t* rei+ers a33ly t* all 3arties .eeti+g t2edei+iti*+ * a >>rei+er??0 N*te t2at, i ble+dst*/s are /*.bi+edit2 re*r.ulated gas*li+e, t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e sta+dards .ust be.et *+ t2e basis * t2e -*lu.e a+d 3r*3erties * t2e ble+dst*/s *+lya+d /*.3lia+/e .ay +*t rely *+ t2e 3r*3erties * t2e re*r.ulatedgas*li+e t* 2i/2 t2e ble+dst*/ is added0 I+ additi*+ t2e resulti+gre*r.ulated gas*li+eLble+dst*/ .iture .ust .eet all re*r.ulatedgas*li+e sta+dards0 I+ t2e e-e+t a+y 3arty atte.3ts d*+strea.ble+di+g(rei+i+g * re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO, E!A i+te+ds t*s/ruti+i7e t2e *3erati*+ /l*sely0

"*..e+ters e3ressed /*+/er+ t2at, 2ere t2e *yge+ sta+dard is



bei+g .et *+ a+ a-erage basis, all 3ers*+s 2* satisy t2e *yge+ateble+der dei+iti*+ .ay +*t 2a-e a//ess t* t2e i+*r.ati*+ +e/essary t*+* t2at t2is sta+dard is bei+g .et i+ a/t0 T2is issue as *3arti/ular /*+/er+ *r *yge+ate ble+ders 2* are /arriers, 2ere t2e+*r.al busi+ess 3ra/ti/e is t* ble+d *yge+ate a//*rdi+g t* t2e

i+stru/ti*+s * t2e 3r*du/t *+er(*yge+ate ble+der0 T2e i+al rule 3r*-ides t2at *yge+ate ble+ders ill be 2eldliable, i+ter alia, *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *r a-eraged/*.3lia+/e t2at is deter.i+ed t* e/eed t2e .i+i.u. a+dL*r .ai.u.sta+dards0 T2e i+al rule als* 3r*2ibits t2e sale, by a+y 3ers*+, *gas*li+e t2at -i*lates, i+ter alia, a rei+ers? a-eraged /*.3lia+/eit2 t2e sta+dards0

Oyge+ate ble+ders 2a-e dire/t /*+tr*l *-er 2et2er a s3e/ii/ uel.eets t2e .i+i.u. a+dL*r .ai.u. re5uire.e+ts * t2e re*r.ulatedgas*li+e 3r*gra.0 le+ders 2a-e +* /*+tr*l *-er 2et2er t2at uel isbei+g 3r*du/ed t* /*.3ly it2 3er(gall*+ *r a-eraged sta+dards0 B2eregas*li+e is desig+ated *r *yge+ /*.3lia+/e *+ a 3er(gall*+ basis, t2eble+der .ay tae ste3s t* e+sure t2at @0% eig2t 3er/e+t *yge+ isadded t* ea/2 bat/2 * gas*li+e 3r*du/ed0 B2ere gas*li+e is 3r*du/ed t*a-eraged /*.3lia+/e, t2e ble+der is 3re/luded r*. i+de3e+de+t+*ledge * 2et2er t2e a-erage ill be .et0 E!A a33re/iates t2is dile..a a/ed by 3arties d*+strea. * arei+er a/2ie-i+g /*.3lia+/e *+ a-erage0 D*e-er, E!A belie-es b*t2t2at t2e re5uire.e+ts t2at ble+ders be 2eld 3*te+tially liable *rselli+g a-eraged gas*li+e t2at ails t* .eet t2e a-eraged sta+dard is+e/essary a+d t2at ade5uate saeguards are a-ailable0 !*te+tialliability is +e/essary t* ee/ti-ely 3re-e+t t2e sale a+d distributi*+* +*+(/*.3lyi+g 3r*du/t by d*+strea. 3arties 2i/2 3*ssess a+y*33*rtu+ity t* 3re-e+t t2e 3r*du/t r*. bei+g released i+t* t2ee+-ir*+.e+t0

F*r ea.3le, i a /arrier(*yge+ate ble+der re/ei-es i+stru/ti*+st* add less t2a+ @0%% eig2t 3er/e+t *yge+ t* RO t2e 3er(gall*+*yge+ sta+dard;, t2e /arrier s2*uld *btai+ t2e assura+/e * t2e3r*du/t *+er, i+ riti+g i 3*ssible, t2at t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+ebei+g 3r*du/ed .eets t2e *yge+ sta+dard *+ a-erage0 I a -i*lati*+ *t2e a-erage *yge+ sta+dard *//urs i+-*l-i+g gas*li+e 3r*du/ed by t2e/arrier(*yge+ate ble+der, a+d t2e /arrier(*yge+ate ble+der /a+de.*+strate t2at it .ade t2is i+5uiry i+ g**d ait2 a+d re/ei-ed a+a33r*3riate assura+/e, E!A ill eer/ise its e+*r/e.e+t dis/reti*+ a+d+*t 2*ld t2e /arrier(*yge+ ble+der liable *r t2e sta+dard -i*lati*+u+less t2e /arrier +e, *r s2*uld 2a-e +*+, t2e *yge+ sta+dard*uld +*t be .et *+ a-erage0 T2is ty3e * i+5uiry a+d assura+/e *uldbe +* dee+se *r *yge+ate ble+ded *utside t2e 3er(gall*+ .i+i.u.L



.ai.u. sta+dard, 2*e-er0

I0 !r*2ibiti*+s, iabilities a+d 8ee+ses

10 !r*2ibiti*+s

@0

C0 T2e i+al rule /*+tai+s /ertai+ 3r*2ibiti*+s t2at a33ly t* all40 3arties i+ t2e gas*li+e distributi*+ +et*r, t2at address t2e 3ergall*+=0 .i+i.u. a+d .ai.u. sta+dards *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d t2e60 restri/ti*+s related t* t2e ti.e a+d 3la/e * use *r re*r.ulated)0 gas*li+e0 Als* 3r*2ibited *r e-ery 3arty are, i+ter alia, t2e additi*+&0 * *yge+ate t* re*r.ulated gas*li+e e/e3t re*r.ulated gas*li+e90 t2at is desig+ated *r use i+ a+ *yge+ated uels 3r*gra. duri+g t2e1%0*yge+ated uels /*+tr*l 3eri*d; t2e /*.bi+i+g * re*r.ulated110 gas*li+e 3r*du/ed usi+g et2a+*l it2 re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*du/ed1@0usi+g a+*t2er *yge+ate duri+g t2e 3eri*d May 1 t2r*ug2 'e3te.ber 1=1C0a+d duri+g 199= t2r*ug2 199); t2e /*.bi+i+g * re*r.ulated gas*li+es140*r ROs sube/t t* /*.3le .*del sta+dards u+less t2e /*+stitue+t1=0re*r.ulated gas*li+es *r ROs 2a-e ide+ti/al baseli+es0160 T2e i+al rule als* 3r*2ibits all 3arties, *t2er t2a+ retailers a+d1)02*lesale 3ur/2aser(/*+su.ers, r*. /*.bi+i+g re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r1&0RO sube/t t* si.3le .*del sta+dards it2 re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r190RO t2at is sube/t t* /*.3le .*del sta+dards duri+g 199= t2r*ug2@%0199)0@10

@@0 T2e rati*+al *r t2ese 3r*2ibiti*+s are dis/ussed se3arately i+ [email protected] se/ti*+s deali+g it2 t2e s3e/ii/ t*3i/s 2i/2 result i+ t2e@403r*2ibiti*+s0@=0

@60 E!A re/ei-ed /*..e+ts *+ its 3r*3*sal t* 3r*2ibit a+y 3arty r*.@)0tra+s3*rti+g, st*ri+g, dis3e+si+g, selli+g, *r su33lyi+g re*r.ulated@&0gas*li+e t2at d*es +*t .eet a re*r.ulated gas*li+e /ertii/ati*+0 T2e@90/*..e+ters ere /*+/er+ed t2at *+ly gas*li+e t2at .eets allC%0re*r.ulated gas*li+e sta+dards *uld be >>/ertiied,?? a+d t2at, as aC10result * a-eragi+g, 3arties d*+strea. * t2e rei+ery *uld 2a-e +*C@0ay * +*i+g i a 3arti/ular bat/2 * gas*li+e as 3r*du/ed t* .eetCC0sta+dards0C40

C=0 E!A agrees it2 t2is /*..e+t, a+d 2as .*diied t2e i+al rule t*C60li.it t2e d*+strea. 3r*2ibiti*+ i+-*l-i+g re*r.ulated gas*li+eC)03r*3erties t* t2e 3er(gall*+ .i+i.u. a+d .ai.u. sta+dards t2at a33lyC&0t* all re*r.ulated gas*li+e, regardless * 2et2er t2e gas*li+e isC903r*du/ed t* t2e 3er(gall*+ *r a-erage sta+dards0J'!K61 As a result,



4%0d*+strea. 3arties .ay deter.i+e i a+y 3arti/ular gas*li+e bat/2 .eets410t2e 3er(gall*+ .i+i.u.s a+d .ai.u.s t2r*ug2 sa.3li+g a+d testi+g04@0M*re*-er, E!A i+s3e/ti*+s /*+du/ted d*+strea. * t2e rei+eryLi.3*rter4C0ill .*+it*r /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e 3er(gall*+ .i+i.u.s a+d .ai.u.s, a+d440+*t /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e sta+dards t2at a33ly t* rei+ers a+d i.3*rters0

4=0

460

P6P1F*r ea.3le, t2e rei+erLi.3*rter be+7e+e sta+dard is 10%%-*lu.e 3er/e+t i .et *+ a 3er(gall*+ basis, *r %09= -*lu.e 3er/e+ti .et *+ a-erage it2 a 10C% -*lu.e 3er/e+t 3er(gall*+ .ai.u.0 Asa result, +* gall*+ * gas*li+e .ay 2a-e a be+7e+e /*+te+t greatert2a+ 10C% -*lu.e 3er/e+t, regardless * 2et2er t2e gas*li+e is3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted t* t2e 3er(gall*+ *r a-erage sta+dard0 T2is

10C% be+7e+e .ai.u. t2us .ay be e+*r/ed agai+st d*+strea.3arties0

E!A?s 3r*3*sal *uld als* 3r*2ibit rei+ers a+d i.3*rters r*.3r*du/i+g *r i.3*rti+g re*r.ulated gas*li+e t2at d*es +*t .eetre*r.ulated gas*li+e sta+dards0 'e-eral /*..e+ters *bser-ed t2at t2e3r*du/ti*+ al*+e * re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO t2at ails t* .eetre5uired sta+dards d*es +*t /ause e+-ir*+.e+tal 2ar., be/ause t2e3r*du/t .ay be /*rre/ted be*re it lea-es t2e rei+ery0 E!A ge+erallyagrees it2 t2is /*..e+t, a+d 2as adusted t2e regulat*ry la+guage t*/lariy t2at t2e 3r*2ibiti*+ agai+st t2e 3r*du/ti*+ * re*r.ulatedgas*li+e t2at ails t* .eet sta+dards a33lies *+ly t* gas*li+e t2at isi+te+ded *r sale *r use0 8uri+g t2e /*urse * a+y i+s3e/ti*+ at arei+ery *r i.3*rt a/ility, E!A ill rely *+ t2e d*/u.e+tati*+ used bya rei+er *r i.3*rter t* deter.i+e i a+y 3arti/ular gas*li+e is>>i+is2ed?? a+d t2ere*re is i+te+ded *r sale *r use, *r is a+>>u+i+is2ed?? 3r*du/t *r 2i/2 t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter i+te+dsadditi*+al ble+di+g0

A//*rdi+gly, t2e i+al rule 3r*2ibits t2e .a+ua/ture, sale,*eri+g *r sale, distributi*+, dis3e+si+g, su33lyi+g *eri+g *rsu33ly, tra+s3*rti+g *r /ausi+g t2e tra+s3*rtati*+ by rei+ers a+di.3*rters * i+is2ed gas*li+e >>i+te+ded?? *r sale *r use 2ere su/2gas*li+e ails t* .eet re*r.ulated gas*li+e sta+dards0 T2is a33r*a/2is /*+siste+t it2 E!A?s a33r*a/2 u+der t2e ead !2ased*+, FuelV*latility a+d 8iesel 8esuluri7ati*+ !r*gra.s0



@0 iabilities

a0 #e+eral0 T2e i+al rule 3r*-ides t2at 2ere t2e gas*li+e/*+tai+ed i+ a st*rage ta+ at a+y a/ility *+ed, leased, *3erated,

/*+tr*lled *r su3er-ised by a+y rei+er, i.3*rter, *yge+ate ble+der,/arrier, distribut*r, reseller, retailer, *r 2*lesale 3ur/2aser/*+su.eris *u+d i+ -i*lati*+ * t2e 3r*2ibiti*+s, .*st 3artiesi+-*l-ed i+ t2e /2ai+ * distributi*+ u3strea. * t2e a/ility *u+d i+-i*lati*+ are 3resu.ed liable *r t2e -i*lati*+0 "arriers are 3resu.ed liable *r -i*lati*+s arisi+g r*. 3r*du/tu+der t2e /*+tr*l a+dL*r /ust*dy * t2e /arrier at t2e /arrier?sa/ility, a+d *r -i*lati*+s at a+y a/ility 2ere E!A de.*+stratest2at t2e /arrier /aused t2e -i*lati*+0 "arriers 2* .eet t2e dei+iti*+* rei+er *r *yge+ate ble+der 2a-e t2e sa.e liabilities a+d dee+sesas a+y *t2er rei+er *r *yge+ate ble+der0 T2e i+al rule als* 3r*-ides dee+ses agai+st liability *r ea/23ers*+ 3resu.ed liable0 T2ese dee+ses are dis/ussed bel*0 F*r a .*redetailed dis/ussi*+ * t2e rati*+ale *r t2e liabilities a+d dee+sesestablis2ed by t2is rule, see E!A?s 3r*3*sal at =) FR 1C4)%(1C4)CA3ril 16, 199@;0

O+e /*..e+ter stated t2at 2ere gas*li+e i+ a st*rage ta+ is i+-i*lati*+ * t2e regulati*+s, E!A s2*uld eit2er +arr* t2e ra+ge *3ers*+s 3resu.3ti-ely liable *r e3a+d t2e a-ailability * air.ati-edee+ses0 T2e /*..e+t is based *+ t2e +*r.al i+dustry 3ra/ti/e */*..i+gli+g 3r*du/ts i+ /*..*+ st*rage ta+s, t2e +u.ber * uel.a+ua/turers t2at *uld be i+-*l-ed, t2e lieli2**d * /*..i+gli+g,t2e abse+/e * 5ua+titati-e t2res2*lds, a+d t2e abse+/e * are5uire.e+t t2at i+di-idual 3arties eer/ise sui/ie+t /*+tr*l *-ert2e /*+te+ts * t2e ta+0 A+*t2er /*..e+ter 5ueried 2at disti+guis2est2is 3r*gra. r*. *t2er uels 3r*gra.s 2i/2 did +*t i.3*se su/23resu.3ti-e liability0

E!A 2as 2ad ete+si-e e3erie+/e i+ e+*r/i+g *t2er .*t*r -e2i/leuel 3r*gra.s u+der 4% "FR 3art &%, i+/ludi+g t2e u+leaded gas*li+e a+dgas*li+e -*latility 3r*gra.s a+d t2e re/e+t diesel sulur 3r*gra.0 Ea/2* t2ese *t2er uels 3r*gra.s i+/lude 3resu.3ti-e liability s/2e.est2at are -ery si.ilar t* t2e 3resu.3ti-e liability s/2e.e 3r*3*sed *rre*r.ulated gas*li+e0

T2e liability a+d dee+se 3r*-isi*+s * t2is rule are stru/turedsi.ilarly t* t2*se ad*3ted by E!A i+ its 3ri*r .*t*r -e2i/le uel3r*gra.s, i+/ludi+g t2e /*+tr*ls *+ leaded a+d u+leaded gas*li+e,



gas*li+e -*latility a+d diesel uel desuluri7ati*+0 F*r t2*se3r*gra.s, E!A?s regulati*+s ide+tiy -ari*us 3ers*+s 2* are 3resu.edliable 2e+ -i*lati*+s are dete/ted at -ari*us 3*i+ts i+ t2e .*t*r ueldistributi*+ syste.0 F*r ea.3le, 4% "FR &%0@& ide+tiies t2*se 3ers*+sres3*+sible *r -i*lati*+s * t2e gas*li+e -*latility regulati*+s 2e+

a -i*lati*+ is dete/ted at rei+er *r i.3*rter a/ilities'e/0 &%0@&a;;, at /arrier a/ilities 'e/0 &%0@&b;;, at bra+deddistribut*r a/ilities, reseller a/ilities, *r et2a+*l ble+di+g 3la+ts'e/0 &%0@&/;;, at u+bra+ded distribut*r a/ilities a+d et2a+*lble+di+g 3la+ts 'e/0 &%0@&d;;, at bra+ded retail *utlets *r 2*lesale3ur/2aser(/*+su.er a/ilities 'e/0 &%0@&e;;, a+d at u+bra+ded retail*utlets *r 2*lesale 3ur/2aser(/*+su.er a/ilities 'e/0 &%0@&;;0 I+ge+eral, all 3ers*+s 2* /*uld 2a-e /aused a -i*lati*+ at a a/ilityare 3resu.ed t* be liable *r t2e -i*lati*+ dete/ted at t2e a/ility0

At bra+ded a/ilities t2e rei+er is als* 3resu.ed liable based *+t2eir ability t* eer/ise a degree * /*+tr*l at t2ese a/ilities0Vari*us air.ati-e dee+ses are a*rded t* 3ers*+s 3resu.ed liable,a+d i+ all /ases t2e 3resu.3ti*+s * liability are rebuttable0 4% "FR&%0@&g;0 T2e air.ati-e dee+ses ty3i/ally i+-*l-e s2*i+g 1; t2att2e 3ers*+ did +*t /ause t2e -i*lati*+, @; t2at t2ey eit2er /*+du/tedtests s2*i+g t2e gas*li+e as i+ /*.3lia+/e 2e+ t2ey tra+serred itt* t2e +et 3ers*+ i+ t2e distributi*+ syste., *r t2at t2ey re/ei-ed3r*3er d*/u.e+tati*+ 2e+ t2ey re/ei-ed t2e gas*li+e a+d /*+du/ted asui/ie+t 5uality assura+/e sa.3li+g a+d testi+g 3r*gra.0 Additi*+alele.e+ts * a+ air.ati-e dee+se .ust be s2*+ by rei+ers 2e+ a-i*lati*+ is dete/ted at a bra+ded *utlet0 A detailed dis/ussi*+ * t2ereas*+s *r t2e gas*li+e -*latility liability dee+se 3r*-isi*+s /a+ be*u+d at =4 FR 11&)@ Mar/2 @@, 19&9;0 T2e regulati*+s ad*3ted *r t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.*ll* t2is sa.e ge+eral stru/ture0 F*r ea.3le, i t2e gas*li+e i+ ast*rage ta+, *r at a+y *t2er 3*i+t i+ t2e distributi*+ syste., is*u+d t* be i+ -i*lati*+ * t2e re5uire.e+ts, t2e+ t2e *ll*i+g3ers*+s are 3resu.ed liable: All 3ers*+s i+/ludi+g /arriers; 2* *+,lease, *3erate, su3er-ise *r /*+tr*l t2e a/ility all 3ers*+s *t2ert2a+ /arriers 2* .a+ua/tured, s*ld, tra+s3*rted, *r dis3e+sed t2egas*li+e *u+d at t2e a/ility /arriers 2* dis3e+sed, tra+s3*rted,su33lied *r st*red t2e gas*li+e 2ere E!A /a+ s2* t2ey /aused t2e-i*lati*+ a+d t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter 2*se bra+d +a.e is dis3layed att2e a/ility, i a+y0 T2ey ill +*t be dee.ed liable i t2ey /a+ s2*1; t2ey did +*t /ause t2e -i*lati*+, @; t2at 3r*du/t tra+serd*/u.e+ts i+di/ate t2e gas*li+e i+ 5uesti*+ .et all rele-a+tre5uire.e+ts, a+d C; t2ey /*+du/ted a sui/ie+t 5uality assura+/e3r*gra.0 Additi*+al ele.e+ts .ust be s2*+ by rei+ers *r i.3*rters *r-i*lati*+s at bra+ded a/ilities0

T2e rati*+ale *r assig+i+g a 3resu.3ti*+ * liability t* all



/*+tribut*rs t* a bat/2 * +*+/*.3lyi+g uel is t2at, as it2 gas*li+e-*latility a+d t2e *t2er .*t*r -e2i/le uel 3r*gra.s, E!A is i+ a3arti/ularly 3**r 3*siti*+ t* +* 2* /aused a -i*lati*+ t2at isdete/ted at a 3*i+t i+ t2e distributi*+ syste.0 I+ t2e /ase * a-i*lati*+ *u+d at a retail stati*+, *r ea.3le, t2e retailer *te+

ill say it 2as +* /*+tr*l *-er t2e 5uality * t2e gas*li+e deli-eredby t2e distribut*r *r by .*re t2a+ *+e distribut*r; a+d did +*t2i+g t*/ause t2e -i*lati*+ t2e distribut*r ill say it 2as +* /*+tr*l *-ert2e 5uality * t2e gas*li+e 3r*-ided by t2e ter.i+al a+d did +*t2i+g t*/ause t2e -i*lati*+ t2e ter.i+al ill say it *+ly su33lies t2egas*li+e re/ei-ed r*. t2e 3i3eli+e a+d did +*t2i+g t* /ause t2e-i*lati*+, et/0 E!A +*r.ally la/s t2e i+*r.ati*+ +e/essary t*establis2 t2e /ause * t2e -i*lati*+ be/ause its i+s3e/t*rs ere +*t3rese+t 2e+ t2e gas*li+e i+ 5uesti*+ .*-ed t2r*ug2 t2e distributi*+syste. yet E!A 2as a sa.3le t2at is, i+ a/t, i+ -i*lati*+0 I+ /*+trast t* E!A, t2e 3arties res3*+sible *r t2e a/ility, *r*r su33lyi+g t2e gas*li+e /*+tai+ed at a a/ility *u+d t* be i+-i*lati*+ are, /*lle/ti-ely, i+ t2e best 3*siti*+ t* deter.i+e t2e/ause * t2e -i*lati*+0 It is t2ese 3arties 2* are 3resu.ed liable0T2e 3resu.3ti*+ * liability +*r.ally 2as t2e desired ee/t * *r/i+gt2e 3resu.3ti-ely liable 3arties t* /**3erate i+ ide+tiyi+g t2e-i*lati*+?s /ause, 2i/2 b*t2 res*l-es t2e issue * liability *r t2e3arty *r 3arties a/tually res3*+sible *r t2e -i*lati*+ a+d establis2esdee+ses agai+st liability *r 3arties +*t res3*+sible0 I+ additi*+,bra+ded rei+ers *r i.3*rters are 3resu.ed liable based *+ t2e degree* /*+tr*l su/2 rei+ers *r i.3*rters 2a-e *-er gas*li+e t2at is s*ldu+der t2eir bra+d +a.e0

T2e lieli2**d * /*..i+gli+g, t2e abse+/e * 5ua+titati-et2res2*lds, t2e degree * /*+tr*l eer/ised by t2e bra+ded 3arties3resu.ed liable, a+d t2e reas*+able+ess * a 3resu.3ti*+ * liability*r 3arties i+-*l-ed it2 t2e 3r*du/ti*+ *r distributi*+ * t2egas*li+e dis/*-ered i+ -i*lati*+ is t2e sa.e *r t2e re*r.ulatedgas*li+e 3r*gra. as it is *r t2e gas*li+e -*latility a+d *t2er .*t*r-e2i/le uel 3r*gra.s0 I+ b*t2 /ases, E!A is /*+r*+ted it2 a u+giblegas*li+e distributi*+ syste., it2 -ari*us 3ers*+s eit2er i+-*l-ed it2t2e 3r*du/ti*+ *r distributi*+ * t2e +*+/*.3lyi+g gas*li+e, *reer/isi+g s*.e degree * /*+tr*l *-er t2e d*+strea. a/ility 2eret2e -i*lati*+ as dete/ted0 I+ b*t2 /ases E!A is +*t reas*+ably able t*l*/ate t2e /ause * t2e -i*lati*+, a+d t2e regulati*+s reas*+ablyre5uire t2e 3arties i+-*l-ed it2 t2e +*+/*.3lyi+g gas*li+e a+da/ility t* bear t2e burde+ * l*/ati+g t2e /ause * t2e -i*lati*+0 E!A 2as i+/luded i+ t2e i+al rule liability *r bra+ded i.3*rters*r -i*lati*+s *u+d at a/ilities at 2i/2 t2at i.3*rters? bra+d +a.eis dis3layed0 T2is liability is 3arallel it2 t2e liability 3resu.3ti*+t2at atta/2es t* bra+ded rei+ers *r -i*lati*+s *u+d at bra+ded



a/ilities0 T2is /2a+ge r*. t2e 3r*3*sed liability s/2e.e is i+/ludedbe/ause t2e abse+/e * liability *r bra+ded i.3*rters /reated a3*te+tial ga3 i+ t2e regulat*ry s/2e.e0 I a+y 3arty .eets t2edei+iti*+ * a bra+ded i.3*rter, it is reas*+able t2at t2ey be treatede5ually it2 bra+ded rei+ers0

M*re*-er, E!A d*es +*t belie-e t2e s/*3e * t2e liability3r*-isi*+s s2*uld be +arr*ed0 T2e s/*3e * 3arties 3resu.ed liable isdesig+ed t* e+sure t2at ea/2 3arty i+ t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e3r*du/ti*+ a+d distributi*+ syste. it2 a+y *33*rtu+ity t* ae/t t2e5uality * t2e uel .ay be 2eld a//*u+table *r +*+/*.3lyi+g uel0Ot2erise, t2e substa+tial e/*+*.i/ i+/e+ti-es ass*/iated it2 /2eati+gu+der t2is 3r*gra. *uld result i+ t2e e3l*itati*+ * ga3s i+ t2es/*3e * /*-erage0

As a result, E!A de/li+es t* adust t2e ra+ge * 3arties3resu.3ti-ely liable *r /*..i+gled uels -i*lati*+s *r t* adust t2eair.ati-e dee+ses0

"ertai+ /*..e+ters re5uested /larii/ati*+ * t2e -*lu.e *gas*li+e a 3arty .ust /*+tribute t* a +*+(/*.3lyi+g st*rage ta+ t*/reate t2e 3resu.3ti*+ * liability0 E!A?s A3ril 199@ 3r*3*sal *uld2*ld ea/2 3arty res3*+sible *r a -i*lati*+ dete/ted at a st*rage ta+,*r at a+y *t2er 3*i+t i+ t2e gas*li+e distributi*+ syste., i t2e 3artyas i+-*l-ed it2 a+y * t2e +*+/*.3lyi+g gas*li+e0 T2is *uld i+/ludedistribut*rs *r t2e .*st re/e+t deli-ery, a+d i+ .*st /ases *uld als*i+/lude distribut*rs *r t2e se-eral 3ri*r deli-eries0 'ee =) FR 1C4)1A3ril 16, 199@;0 "*..e+ters re5uested /larii/ati*+ r*. E!A as t*2at as .ea+t by >>se-eral deli-eries0?? E!A 2as retai+ed t2e 3r*3*sed la+guage t2at assig+s 3resu.3ti-eliability t* a+y 3arty t2at /*+tributes >>a+y gas*li+e?? t* t2e+*+/*.3lyi+g gas*li+e i+ t2e bat/2 *r st*rage ta+0 T2ere is +* si+glede .i+i.is -*lu.e t2at *uld be a33r*3riate i+ e-ery situati*+0 I+additi*+, t2ere is +* si+gle +u.ber * deli-eries t2at *uld ide+tiyt2e s*ur/e *r all +*+/*.3lyi+g gas*li+e 3rese+t i+ t2e bat/2 *rst*rage ta+ yieldi+g t2e +*+/*.3lyi+g sa.3le0 E!A ill e-aluate t2eissue * +*+(/ausati*+ as a result * a s.all -*lu.e /*+tributi*+ t* a+*+(/*.3lyi+g st*rage ta+ *+ a /ase(by(/ase basis0 O+e /*..e+ter *bser-ed t2at a d*+strea. 3arty re/ei-i+g+*+/*.3lyi+g 3r*du/t *uld be *bliged t* st*re t2e 3r*du/t u+til t2e*+er * t2e 3r*du/t deter.i+es a s*luti*+0 T2e /*..e+ter re/*..e+dedt2at a 3arty st*ri+g +*+/*+*r.i+g 3r*du/t t2at 2as bee+ 3r*3erly red*/u.e+tedstati+g its a/tual /2ara/teristi/s s2*uld +*t be 3e+ali7ed0 E!A ge+erally agrees it2 t2is /*..e+t0 T2e i+al rule 3r*2ibits,



/radle(t*(gra-e a33r*a/2 is +e/essary t* e+sure t2at t2e air 5ualitybe+eits r*. t2is 3r*gra. are a/tually a/2ie-ed i+ use, gi-e+ t2elarge +u.ber * 3arties 2* ill 2a-e /ust*dy *r /*+tr*l * a bat/2 *re*r.ulated gas*li+e, a+d t2e 3*te+tial t2at t2eir a/ti*+s /*uldad-ersely ae/t t2e e.issi*+s redu/ti*+s e3e/ted r*. t2e

re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.0 T2is /*uld *//ur, *r ea.3le, be/auset2e 5uality * gas*li+e 2as bee+ /2a+ged, *r be/ause it 2as bee+dis3e+sed *r used at a+ i.3r*3er ti.e *r 3la/e0 F*r t2ese reas*+s, E!Abelie-es t2at it is 3r*3er t* regulate all 3arties i+-*l-ed it2 t2e3r*du/ti*+, distributi*+ a+d sale * re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 At t2e sa.e ti.e, E!A 2as assig+ed diere+t res3*+sibilities t*diere+t 3arties i+ t2e 3r*du/ti*+ a+d distributi*+ syste.0 E!A3r*3*sed a+d 2as de/ided t* ad*3t i+al rules i+/ludi+g /arriers as aregulated 3arty, a+d assig+i+g t2e. res3*+sibilities /*..e+surate it2t2eir u+i5ue r*le i+ t2e gas*li+e distributi*+ syste.0 E!A belie-est2is is a reas*+able eer/ise * its br*ad gra+t * aut2*rity u+derse/ti*+ @11;1;0

E!A 2as deter.i+ed t2at t2e regulati*+ * /arriers((3i3eli+es,barge *3erat*rs *r tru/ /arriers((is +e/essary t* a//*.3lis2 t2e g*al* /radle(t*(gra-e *-ersig2t .*+it*ri+g a+d e+*r/e.e+t0 T2isdeter.i+ati*+ is based *+ t2e 3*te+tial *r /arriers t* /ause-i*lati*+s * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e regulati*+, t2e +eed t* i.3*sea duty *+ /arriers t* eer/ise /are i+ tra+s3*rti+g *r st*ri+gre*r.ulated gas*li+e, a+d t2e +eed *r E!A t* be able t* deter.i+e t2es*ur/e * -i*lati*+s it2i+ t2e 3r*gra.0 F*r ea.3le, /arriers 3*ssesst2e 3*te+tial t* /ause -i*lati*+s * t2is 3r*gra. by /*..i+gli+gi+a33r*3riate grades * gas*li+e, deli-eri+g /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e i+t*a /*-ered area, *r by /arryi+g +*+(VO" /*+tr*lled gas*li+e i+ a st*ragea/ility *-er r*. a +*+(VO" /*+tr*l 3eri*d i+t* a VO" /*+tr*l 3eri*da+d selli+g *r distributi+g t2at 3r*du/t0 I+ ea/2 * t2ese ea.3les,t2e /arrier *uld be dire/tly res3*+sible *r /ausi+g t2e -i*lati*+0E!A belie-es t2at t2e 3resu.3ti*+ * liability 3r*3*sed i+ t2e i+alrule ee/ti-ely i.3*ses a duty * /are *+ /arriers t* a-*id t2ese-i*lati*+s0 Furt2er, as dis/ussed i+ t2e e/*+*.i/ a+alysis a//*.3a+yi+gt2is i+al rule, t2e /*sts ass*/iated it2 /arrier /*.3lia+/e arereas*+able a+d 2a-e bee+ desig+ed t* 3r*-ide /arriers it2 t2e .i+i.u.*-ersig2t /*sts +e/essary t* a//*.3lis2 t2e g*als * t2is 3r*gra.0 "ertai+ /arriers argue t2at "*+gress did +*t aut2*ri7e t2eregulati*+ * /arriers i+ t2is 3r*gra. as t2e 3r*2ibiti*+ *u+d i+se/ti*+ @11;=; * t2e A/t *+ly a33lies t* rei+ers, i.3*rters,distribut*rs a+d .areters, but +*t /arriers0 T2ere*re, it is argued,E!A .ay +*t regulate /arriers0

E!A disagrees it2 t2is argu.e+t0 First, it .isi+ter3rets t2e



3r*2ibiti*+s ad*3ted by "*+gress i+ se/ti*+ @11;=;0 T2e statut*ry3r*2ibiti*+s *u+d i+ t2at 3aragra32 are sel(ee/tuati+g *+/e E!A3r*.ulgates regulati*+s establis2i+g t2e re5uire.e+ts *r /ertii/ati*+* re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 'e/ti*+ @11;=; d*es +*t li.it E!A?saut2*rity t* establis2 -ari*us additi*+al regulat*ry 3r*2ibiti*+s, as

+e/essary, i+ t2e eer/ise * E!A?s rule.ai+g dis/reti*+ u+der se/ti*+@11;1;0 It als* d*es +*t li.it E!A?s aut2*rity u+der se/ti*+@11;1; t* regulate, as a33r*3riate, t2e a/ti-ities * -ari*us3ers*+s i+ t2e gas*li+e distributi*+ syste., i+/ludi+g /arriers0 I+ a+y /ase, E!A belie-es t2at /arriers are reas*+ably i+/luded i+t2e ter. >>.areters?? as used i+ se/ti*+ @11;=;0 T2at ter. is -aguea+d a.bigu*us, a+d E!A reas*+ably i+ter3rets it t* i+/lude all 3ers*+sregulated by E!A i+ t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. i+/ludi+g/arriers0

T2e A/t d*es +*t dei+e t2e ter. .areter *r 3ur3*ses * se/ti*+@11;, a+d 2ile t2at ter. is used i+ -ari*us *t2er 3r*-isi*+s * t2e

A/t, it is *+ly dei+ed *r 3ur3*ses * *+e u+related 3r*-isi*+,se/ti*+ C@4 i+-*l-i+g res3*+sibility *r gas*li+e -a3*r re/*-erysyste.s at s.all -*lu.e retail *utlets;0 T2e ter. ge+erally a33ears t*i+di/ate a br*ad /ateg*ry * 3ers*+s i+-*l-ed i+ t2e gas*li+edistributi*+ syste., a ge+eri/ 32rase it2 a /at/2(all .ea+i+g0 'eese/ti*+s @112;4;, @111; a+d @11.;@;0 As used i+ t2*se 3r*-isi*+s,t2e s/*3e * t2e ter. .ay be br*ader *r +arr*er, de3e+di+g *+ 2*detailed "*+gress .ade t2e list * 3arties /*-ered by ea/2 3r*-isi*+0F*r ea.3le, t2e l*+g list * 3arties reere+/ed i+ se/ti*+ @112;4;.aes it /lear t2at >>.areter?? as used t2ere .ea+s a+ u+dei+ed/ateg*ry * 3ers*+s *t2er t2a+ distribut*rs, ble+ders, resellers,/arriers, retailers, *r 2*lesale 3ur/2aser(/*+su.ers, 2ile i+se/ti*+s @111; a+d .;@; t2e ter. .ea+s a+ u+dei+ed /ateg*ry *3ers*+s *t2er t2a+ rei+ers0 T2e legislati-e 2ist*ry *r se/ti*+ @11;ails t* s2ed a+y lig2t *+ "*+gress? i+te+t0 T2e ge+erally a//e3ted .ea+i+g * t2e ter. >>.areter?? is >>*+et2at deals i+ a .aret0?? Bebster?s Ni+t2 Ne "*llegiate 8i/ti*+ary199%;0 A /arrier *uld reas*+ably all it2i+ t2is dei+iti*+0 #i-e+t2e la/ * a /lear dei+iti*+ i+ t2e A/t *r t2is -ague ter., t2ei+di/ati*+s t2at "*+gress i+te+ded it t* 2a-e a s*.e2at br*ad, /at/2all.ea+i+g, a+d t2e reas*+s 3r*-ided ab*-e su33*rti+g E!A?s i+/lusi*+* /arrier?s as regulated 3arties i+ t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.,E!A 2as reas*+ably deter.i+ed t2at /arriers are i+/luded i+ t2e ter.>>.areter?? as it is used i+ se/ti*+ @11; * t2e A/t0 Vari*us /*..e+ters /lai.ed t2at it as i+a33r*3riate t* i.3*se a3resu.3ti*+ * liability *+ /arriers, based *+ t2eir u+i5ue/ir/u.sta+/es0 T2ey +*ted t2at /arriers d* +*t tae title t* *r *+ t2egas*li+e, 2a-e /*+tra/tual *bligati*+s t* .ai+tai+ t2e i+tegrity * t2es2i3.e+t, *+ly a/t i+ a//*rda+/e it2 i+stru/ti*+s r*. t2e 3r*du/t



*+er, a+d 2a-e i+/e+ti-es t* +*t ta.3er it2 t2e 3r*du/t, as it *ulde3*se t2e. t* liability a+d *uld 3reudi/e t2eir relati*+s2i3s it2b*t2 t2e s2i33er a+d 3ur/2aser0 "*..e+ters stated t2at /arriers la/a+y e/*+*.i/ i+/e+ti-e t* -i*late t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+ere5uire.e+ts, a+d a+y a/ti*+ t2at d*es +*t -i*late t2ese re5uire.e+ts

is *+ly i+ res3*+se t* t2e gas*li+e *+er?s i+stru/ti*+s0 "*..e+tersals* stated t2at /arriers /a++*t reuse su/2 i+stru/ti*+s e/e3t *r/lear -i*lati*+s * t2e la0

arge *3erat*r(/arriers +*ted t2at t2e ris * a//ide+tal/*+ta.i+ati*+ *r barge *3erat*r(/arriers is -irtually +*+eiste+t duet* /*+tra/t *bligati*+s t* .ai+tai+ /arg* i+tegrity a+d t2e 3r*du/ttesti+g t2at *//urs be*re a+d ater s2i33i+g0 T2ey als* argued t2att2e -*lu.e * 3r*du/t i+ a barge(ta+ *uld dilute a+y tra/e/*+ta.i+a+ts su/2 t2at t2ere as +* 3ra/ti/al ris * a -i*lati*+ *t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e re5uire.e+ts r*. /*+ta.i+ati*+0 E!A re/*g+i7es t2at /arriers *//u3y a r*le t2at is s*.e2at u+i5uei+ t2e gas*li+e distributi*+ syste.0 I+ ge+eral, E!A agrees t2at t2ereis li.ited e/*+*.i/ i+/e+ti-e *r /arriers t* ta.3er it2 t2e 5uality* gas*li+e, i+ t2at /arriers d* +*t *+ t2e gas*li+e t2ey s2i3 *rst*re a+d *uld +*t 3r*it by tai+g ad-a+tage * t2e 3ri/ediere+tial betee+ /*.3lyi+g a+d +*+/*.3lyi+g gas*li+e0 At t2e sa.eti.e, t2ere are still sig+ii/a+t *33*rtu+ities *r /arriers t*dire/tly /ause -i*lati*+s * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.0 F*rea.3le, a /arrier?s deli-ery territ*ry .ay s3a+ a b*u+dary betee+ a+area re5uiri+g re*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d a+ area t2at .ay re/ei-e/*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e0 Misdeli-ery * /*+-e+ti*+al uel i+t* t2ere*r.ulated gas*li+e /*-ered area *uld be a -i*lati*+ * t2e3r*2ibiti*+s * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.0 Ot2er situati*+s2ere a /arrier /a+ /ause a -i*lati*+ i+/lude a ter.i+al(/arrier *rtru/(/arrier 2* .ies /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e a+d re*r.ulated gas*li+ea+d tra+sers t2e resulti+g gas*li+e as re*r.ulated 2* .iesre*r.ulated gas*li+e desig+ated as VO"(/*+tr*lled it2 +*+(VO"/*+tr*lledgas*li+e a+d tra+sers t2e resulti+g gas*li+e as VO"/*+tr*lled2* deli-ers gas*li+e desig+ated *r use i+ VO"("*+tr*lRegi*+ 1 t* a retail *utlet l*/ated i+ VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ @ 2* .ies*yge+ 3r*gra. re*r.ulated gas*li+e O!R#; a+d +*+(O!R# re*r.ulatedgas*li+e a+d tra+sers t2e .iture as O!R# *r 2* .ies si.3le a+d/*.3le .*del re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 I+ t2ese ea.3les, E!A *uld 2*ldt2e /arrier liable i t2e /arrier i.3r*3erly deli-ered t2e gas*li+e *r.ied t2e gas*li+es t2at s2*uld 2a-e bee+ segregated0 N*te t2at t2egas*li+e *+er i+ ea/2 * t2ese ea.3les als* *uld be 3resu.ed liable*r t2e -i*lati*+0

ased *+ t2ese /ir/u.sta+/es, t2e 3resu.3ti*+ * liability assig+ed



t* /arriers is .u/2 .*re li.ited t2a+ t2at assig+ed t* a+y *t2erregulated 3arty0 ie *t2er 3arties, a /arrier is liable *r -i*lati*+st2at *//ur at its *+ a/ility0 D*e-er, u+lie *t2er regulated3arties, /arriers are +*t liable *r -i*lati*+s dete/ted at *t2era/ilities, u+less E!A /a+ s2* t2at t2e /arrier /aused t2e -i*lati*+0

T2is is a sig+ii/a+t redu/ti*+ i+ t2e s/*3e * t2e 3resu.3ti*+ *liability as /*.3ared t* t2e s/*3e 3r*3*sed *r /arriers, a+d rele/tsE!A?s bala+/i+g * t2e u+i5ue /2ara/teristi/s +*ted by /arriers a+d t2e+eed t* 3re-e+t /arriers r*. ad-ersely ae/ti+g t2e /2ara/teristi/s* re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 T2is 3arallels t2e 3resu.3ti*+ * liability*r /arriers ad*3ted by t2e Age+/y i+ t2e gas*li+e -*latilityregulati*+s, a+d a33r*-ed by t2e /*urt i+ Nati*+al Ta+ Tru/ "arriers,I+/0 -0 0'0E0!0A0, 9%) F0@d 1)) 80"0 "ir0 199%;0 E!A a/+*ledges t2at /arriers .ay *3erate *+ t2e i+stru/ti*+s *t2e 3r*du/t *+er0 I+ a/t, se-eral /*..e+ters suggested t2at /arriersare *bligated t* +*t de-iate r*. t2e *+er?s i+stru/ti*+s regardless* 2et2er t2*se i+stru/ti*+s are /*+siste+t it2 t2e re*r.ulatedgas*li+e rules0

D*e-er, t2e I+terstate "*..er/e "*..issi*+J'!K6@ 2as ad-ised E!At2at /arriers are +*t *bligated t* st*re *r tra+s3*rt gas*li+e i+ a.a++er t2at -i*lates a33li/able las0 T2e I"" -ie * /arrier*bligati*+ all*s /arriers t* sel(deter.i+e 2i/2 l*ads t2ey illst*re *r /arry0 T2e I"" als* *bser-ed t2at a /arrier?s *bligati*+ t*a//e3t te+ders is su3erseded by a+ *bligati*+ t* /*.3ly it2 a33li/ablela, i+/ludi+g regulati*+s t2at i.3le.e+t t2e "lea+ Air A/t A.e+d.e+ts* 199%0 A//*rdi+gly, /arriers are +*t 3la/ed i+ a+ u+te+able 3*siti*+by reusi+g t* st*re *r tra+s3*rt gas*li+e t2at d*es +*t /*.3ly it2t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e re5uire.e+ts0

P6P@!er tele32*+e /*+-ersati*+ it2 "2arles Bag+er, 8e3uty8ire/t*r, O3erati*+s a+d E+*r/e.e+t 'e/ti*+, Oi/e * "*.3lia+/ea+d "*+su.er Assista+/e, I+terstate "*..er/e "*..issi*+0

/0 "arriers a/ti+g as rei+ers *r *yge+ate ble+ders0 T2e i+alrule 3r*-ides *r a 3resu.3ti*+ * liability *r -i*lati*+s *u+dd*+strea. * a rei+ery *r *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility *r all 3ers*+s2* .eet t2e dei+iti*+ * rei+er *r *yge+ate ble+der, i+/ludi+g/arriers 2* .eet t2is dei+iti*+0J'!K6C



P6PC iabilities a+d dee+ses *r rei+ers a+d *yge+ateble+ders are dis/ussed ge+erally i+ t2e se/ti*+ *+ rei+ers a+d*yge+ate ble+ders ab*-e0

A 3resu.3ti*+ * liability is +e/essary i+ t2e /ase * a /arriera/ti+g as a rei+er *r *yge+ate ble+der be/ause i+ b*t2 /ases t2e/arrier 3lays a sig+ii/a+t r*le i+ t2e a/ti*+s t2at establis2 *r/2a+ge t2e 5uality * re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 F*r ea.3le, t2e 3ra/ti/e* s3las2(ble+di+g *yge+ates a+d gas*li+e i+ gas*li+e deli-ery tru/sis a /*..*+ *r. * gas*li+e ble+di+g, a+d t2e tru/s used *r s3las2ble+di+g *te+ are *3erated by tru/ /arriers0 Fre5ue+tly, t2e /arriertru/ dri-er dire/tly /*+tr*ls t2e -*lu.es * gas*li+e ble+dst*/ a+d*yge+ate t2at are /*.bi+ed i+ t2e tru/0 I+ /*+se5ue+/e, t2e /arrieris dire/tly res3*+sible *r t2e 5uality * t2e i+is2ed gas*li+e i+su/2 a s3las2(ble+di+g *3erati*+0

"*..e+ters *bser-ed t2at i+ *t2er uel regulat*ry 3r*gra.s,/arriers a/ti+g as rei+ers *r *yge+ate ble+ders are s3e/ii/allye/e3ted r*. 3resu.3ti-e liability *r -i*lati*+s deter.i+ed ata/ilities d*+strea. r*. t2e rei+ery *r *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility0T2is is +*t a//urate0 "arriers 2* .eet t2e rei+er *r *yge+ateble+der dei+iti*+ are treated t2e sa.e u+der t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+eregulati*+s as u+der *t2er .*t*r -e2i/le uel 3r*gra.s0 T2e dei+iti*+* a >>rei+er?? is /*+siste+t t2r*ug2*ut E!A?s uel regulat*ry3r*gra.s, a+d i+ all t2ese 3r*gra.s a /arrier 2* .eets t2e rei+erdei+iti*+ is sube/t t* t2e sa.e liability as a+y *t2er 3ers*+ 2*.eets t2e rei+er dei+iti*+0 Oyge+ate ble+ders are si.3ly a sub/ateg*ry* rei+ers 2* 3r*du/e gas*li+e *+ly by *yge+ate ble+di+g0

As a result, /arriers a/ti+g as *yge+ate ble+ders are regulated/*+siste+tly it2 a+y *t2er *yge+ate ble+der u+der t2e 3r*gra.0 "arrier(/*..e+ters argued t2at t2e *+er * t2e gas*li+e a+d*yge+ate used i+ a+ *yge+ate ble+di+g *3erati*+ s2*uld be res3*+sible*r .eeti+g t2e re5uire.e+ts *r sa.3li+g a+d testi+g, /*.3lia+/ere/*rd ee3i+g, re3*rti+g a+d auditi+g, be/ause *+ly t2e *+er /a+re.edy -i*lati*+s0 F*r t2e reas*+s dis/ussed i+ t2e rei+er a+d*yge+ate ble+der se/ti*+ * t2is 3rea.ble, E!A 2as deter.i+ed t2atea/2 3ers*+ 2* .eets t2e *yge+ate ble+der dei+iti*+ is i+di-iduallyres3*+sible *r e+suri+g t2at t2e re5uire.e+ts t2at atta/2 t* a+*yge+ate ble+di+g *3erati*+ are .et0 D*e-er, as dis/ussed ab*-e,/arrier(*yge+ate ble+ders a+d 3r*du/t *+er(*yge+ate ble+ders .ayrea/2 agree.e+ts *+ t2e all*/ati*+ * res3*+sibilities *r .eeti+g t2e*yge+ate ble+di+g re5uire.e+ts it2i+ t2e s/*3e * E!A?s e+*r/e.e+t



dis/reti*+0

C0 8ee+ses

T2e i+al rule s3e/iies t2at a regulated 3arty .ay rebut t2e3resu.3ti*+ * liability by de.*+strati+g 1; t2at it did +*t /ause t2e-i*lati*+, @; t2at t2e 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts a//*u+t *r all t2egas*li+e i+ 5uesti*+ a+d i+di/ate t2at t2e 3r*du/t /*.3lied it2 alla33li/able sta+dards, a+d C; t2at t2e 3arty /*+du/ted a+ a//e3table5uality assura+/e 3r*gra. * 3eri*di/ sa.3li+g a+d testi+g0 B2e+ a +*+(/*.3lyi+g 3r*du/t is *u+d at a a/ility *3erati+g u+dera rei+er?s bra+d +a.e, t2e rei+er .ust als* de.*+strate additi*+alele.e+ts *r a -alid dee+se0 T2is i+/ludes a s2*i+g t2at t2e-i*lati*+ as /aused by a 3arty i+ -i*lati*+ * a /*+tra/tualu+dersta+di+g i.3*sed by t2e rei+er t* 3re-e+t su/2 a/ti*+0 T2e dee+ses a-ailable t* regulated 3arties t* rebut t2e3resu.3ti*+ * liability are /l*sely 3atter+ed ater t2*se ad*3ted *r*t2er .*t*r -e2i/le uel regulat*ry 3r*gra.s u+der 4% "FR 3art &%,i+/ludi+g t2e gas*li+e -*latility 3r*gra.0 T2e 3resu.3ti*+ * liabilityis rebuttable, i+/ludi+g t2e i.3*siti*+ * -i/ari*us rei+er liability*r -i*lati*+s dete/ted at bra+ded a/ilities0 T2is regulat*rystru/ture is ully /*+siste+t it2 t2e rele-a+t udi/ial de/isi*+s i+t2is area0 'ee A.*/* Oil "*0 -0 E+-ir*+.e+tal !r*te/ti*+ Age+/y, =%1F0@d @)% 80"0 "ir0 19)6; >>A.*/* II??;, a+d Nati*+al Ta+ Tru/"arriers, I+/0, su3ra0

As dis/ussed ab*-e, /arriers +*t a/ti+g as rei+ers *r *yge+ateble+ders ill +*t be dee.ed 3resu.3ti-ely liable *r -i*lati*+s *u+dd*+strea. * t2e /arrier a/ility, u+less E!A s2*s t2at t2e /arrier/aused t2e -i*lati*+0 A//*rdi+gly, su/2 /arriers ill +*t be re5uiredt* 3rese+t a dee+se t* su/2 d*+strea. -i*lati*+s0 D*e-er, 2ere a-i*lati*+ is *u+d at a /arrier?s a/ility, t2e /arrier .ust .eet t2edee+se ele.e+ts i+ *rder t* a-*id liability0 N*te t2at E!A i+te+ds t*eer/ise its e+*r/e.e+t dis/reti*+ t* 3er.it a /arrier t* rely *+ a3r*3erly /*+du/ted 5uality assura+/e 3r*gra. u+dertae+ by t2e 3r*du/t*+er t* satisy t2e 5uality assura+/e 3r*gra. dee+se ele.e+t0 O+e /*..e+ter *bser-ed t2at t2e 3r*3*sed regulati*+s ail t*a//*u+t *r /arriers .ai+g /*+se/uti-e deli-eries t* re*r.ulatedgas*li+e a+d /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e .arets0 'u/2 /arriers .ay a33ear t*2a-e /*.3lyi+g a+d +*+(/*.3lyi+g 3r*du/t *+ b*ard, a//*rdi+g t* t2e/*..e+ter0

T2e issue raised by t2is /*..e+ter a33lies +*t *+ly t* /arriers,



but 3*te+tially t* a+y 3arty 2* tra+s3*rts gas*li+e e0g0, adistribut*r *r reseller;0 E!A d*es +*t /*+sider t2e tra+s3*rtati*+ *b*t2 re*r.ulated a+d /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e i+ t2e sa.e -e2i/le t* be a-i*lati*+ 3r*-ided t2at t2e desti+ati*+s * t2e diere+t 3r*du/ts are3r*3er a+d d*/u.e+ted, a+d t2e 3r*du/ts are 3r*3erly segregated0

Ob-i*usly, a+y 3arty i+ su/2 a situati*+ s2*uld use /are t2at t2egas*li+es are +*t .ied a+d are 3r*3erly deli-ered0 Vari*us /*..e+ters *be/ted t* t2e 3r*3*sal t2at rei+ers *uld be3resu.3ti-ely liable *r d*+strea. -i*lati*+s, i+/ludi+g t2*se *u+dat d*+strea. a/ilities t2at dis3lay t2e rei+er?s bra+d +a.e0 O+e/*..e+ter stated t2at t2e 3r*3*sed regulati*+s *uld i.3*se a+irrebuttable 3resu.3ti*+ * liability i+ -i*lati*+ * t2e 8ue !r*/ess/lause * t2e "*+stituti*+ a+d A.*/* Oil "*0 -0 E!A, =%1 F0@d )@@ 80"0"ir0 19)4; >>A.*/* I??; a+d A.*/* II0 T2e /*..e+ter /lai.ed t2at t2e3resu.3ti*+ as i+ 3ra/ti/e irrebuttable due t* 3r*du/t u+gibility a+dt2e -ery 2ig2 /*st * testi+g re5uired t* a-*id liability0 T2e/*..e+ter als* *bser-ed t2at rei+ers la/ sui/ie+t /*+tr*l *-erd*+strea. 3arties t* laully i.3*se -i/ari*us liability *+ t2erei+er, i+ 3art due t* t2e !etr*leu. Mareti+g !ra/ti/es A/t0 E!Adisagrees0

T2e dee+se ele.e+ts establis2ed i+ t2e i+al rule set *rt2reas*+ably attai+able /riteria t* rebut a 3resu.3ti*+ * liability *r-i*lati*+s dete/ted d*+strea. * a rei+ery0 T2e i+al rule 3r*-idest2at rei+ers .ust de.*+strate: 1; T2at t2e rei+er did +*t /ause t2e-i*lati*+ @; t2at 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts a//*u+t *r all * t2egas*li+e *u+d i+ -i*lati*+ a+d i+di/ate t2at t2e gas*li+e .et rele-a+tre5uire.e+ts a+d C; t2at t2e rei+ery 2as /*+du/ted a 5ualityassura+/e sa.3li+g a+d testi+g 3r*gra.0 B2ere t2e -i*lati*+ is *u+d ata a/ility /arryi+g t2e rei+er?s bra+d +a.e, t2e rei+er .ust s2*, i+additi*+, t2at t2e -i*lati*+ as /aused by: 1; A+ a/t i+ -i*lati*+ *la @; *r a+ a/ti*+ i+ -i*lati*+ * a /*+tra/tual *bligati*+ i.3*sedby t2e rei+er *r, C; t2e a/ti*+ * a /arrier *r *t2er distribut*r+*t sube/t t* a /*+tra/t it2 t2e rei+er but e+gaged by t2e rei+er*r t2e tra+s3*rtati*+ * gas*li+e, des3ite s3e/ii/ati*+ *r i+s3e/ti*+* 3r*/edures a+d e5ui3.e+t by t2e rei+er reas*+ably /al/ulated t*3re-e+t su/2 a/ti*+0

Addressi+g t2e ab*-e dee+se ele.e+ts seriati., E!A belie-es t2ei+*r.ati*+ +e/essary t* de.*+strate t2at t2e rei+er did +*t /ause a-i*lati*+ deter.i+ed d*+strea. is reas*+ably it2i+ t2e /*+tr*l * arei+er t2r*ug2 re-ie * its 3r*du/ti*+ testi+g a+d s2i33i+g re/*rds0Furt2er, rei+eries .ay reas*+ably 3r*-ide i+ /*+tra/ts it2 d*+strea.3arties *r t2e rei+er t* /*+du/t 5uality assura+/e sa.3li+g a+dtesti+g at t2e d*+strea. a/ility0 'u/2 testi+g *uld be li.ited t*



deter.i+i+g t2at .ai.u.L .i+i.u. a+d *t2er a33li/able sta+dards are.et0

ra+ded rei+ers, as dis/ussed else2ere i+ t2is 3rea.ble, are 2eld

t* a .*re stri+ge+t sta+dard *r establis2i+g a dee+se t* d*+strea.-i*lati*+s due t* t2e e+2a+/ed /*+tr*l su/2 rei+ers 2a-e *-er bra+dedd*+strea. 3arties0 First, E!A a+ti/i3ates t2at a bra+d rei+er is ablet* eer/ise sui/ie+t /*+tr*l *-er its d*+strea. ailiates s* as t*3re-e+t a+y -i*lati*+ *t2er t2a+ *+e arisi+g r*. a -i*lati*+ * la*t2er t2a+ a -i*lati*+ * t2is i+al rule;0 E!A als* a+ti/i3ates t2ata bra+ded rei+er ill 3*ssess /*+tra/tual le-erage t* be able t*i.3*se /*+tra/tual *bligati*+s *+ d*+strea. 3arties +e/essary t*assure t2at -i*lati*+s ill +*t *//ur u+der t2e ter.s * t2e /*+tra/t0Fi+ally, E!A a+ti/i3ates t2at a bra+d rei+er ill 3*ssess /*+tra/tualle-erage t* i.3*se 2a+dli+g re5uire.e+ts *+ +*+(bra+d /arriers *r *t2erdistribut*rs +*t sube/t t* t2e rei+er?s bra+d but e+gaged by t2erei+er *r t2e tra+s3*rtati*+ * gas*li+e, a+d t* all* s3e/ii/ati*+*r i+s3e/ti*+ * 3r*/edures a+d e5ui3.e+t by t2e rei+er reas*+ably/al/ulated t* 3re-e+t su/2 a/ti*+0 As it2 bra+ded d*+strea. 3arties,E!A belie-es t2at a /*+ser-ati-e 5uality assura+/e 3r*gra. ill deter-i*lati*+s d*+strea. * t2e rei+er by /reati+g a+ at.*s32ere **-ersig2t 3rese+/e a+d 5uality assura+/e by t2e rei+er0 Furt2er, E!Abelie-es t2at 5uality assura+/e is i+ t2e rei+er?s sel(i+terest i+guara+teei+g t2e 5uality * its 3r*du/t i+ t2e .aret0 O+e /*..e+ter suggested t2at d*+strea. 5uality assura+/ere5uire.e+ts .ig2t ad-ersely ae/t t2e 3*siti*+s * i+de3e+de+tdistribut*rs by all*i+g bra+ded rei+ers t* tig2te+ u3 *+ /*+tra/tsit2 t2e i+de3e+de+ts a+d *r/e t2e. *ut * t2e .aret0 D*e-er, E!Abelie-es t2at .*st distribut*rs ill /*+du/t 5uality assura+/e 3r*gra.sregardless * a+y i+-*l-e.e+t by bra+ded rei+ers, be/ause * t2edistribut*r?s 3*te+tial *r liability *r -i*lati*+s t2at eistsi+de3e+de+t * t2e rei+er?s liability, a+d be/ause .*st distribut*rsare /*+/er+ed ab*ut 3r*du/t 5uality *r reas*+s t2at are i+de3e+de+t *t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e re5uire.e+ts0 As a result, E!A d*es +*tbelie-e t2at /*+tra/tual 3r*-isi*+s re5uiri+g 5uality assura+/e i.3*sedby bra+ded rei+ers /*+stitute a sig+ii/a+t additi*+al burde+ *+distribut*rs0 M*re*-er, t2e dee+se 3r*-isi*+s related t* bra+dedrei+ers re5uires /*+tra/ts *+ly it2 bra+ded resellers *r retailers0

As a result, rei+ers are +*t re5uired t* i.3*se /*+tra/tual 5ualityassura+/e 3r*-isi*+s *+ distribut*rs 2* are +*t ide+tiied it2 t2erei+er?s bra+d +a.e0

E!A belie-es t2at t2e result * t2e i+al rule?s liability a+ddee+se s/2e.e is t2at rei+ers 2* .ai+tai+ /areul /*.3lia+/e it2t2is rule a+d /*+du/t a+ a33r*3riate 5uality assura+/e 3r*gra. *-er



t2eir bra+ded a/ilities, i+/ludi+g 3eri*di/ sa.3li+g a+d testi+g, ill+*t be 2eld i+e5uitably liable *r -i*lati*+s /aused by d*+strea.3arties 2* dis3lay t2e rei+er?s bra+d +a.e0 e/ause .a+y * t2eseele.e+ts * dee+se /all *r t2e rei+er t* eer/ise 3re/auti*+ t2r*ug2+*r.al /*+tra/tual i+stru.e+ts, E!A a+ti/i3ates t2at t2e /*st * t2ese

.easures ill be .i+i.al a+d /*+siste+t it2 t2e /*sts a+d e3e+sese3erie+/ed i+ t2e gas*li+e -*latility a+d lead 32ased*+ 3r*gra.s0 T2e rebuttable 3resu.3ti*+ * liability i+ t2e re*r.ulatedgas*li+e 3r*gra. is /*+siste+t it2 t2e 2*ldi+gs i+ A.*/* I a+d A.*/*II0 T2e liability 3r*-isi*+ * t2e u+leaded gas*li+e regulati*+s t2atas /2alle+ged i+ A.*/* I a+d 2eld by t2e "*urt t* be i.3r*3er i.3*sedstri/t -i/ari*us liability *+ 3arties u3strea. * a retail a/ility at2i/2 a -i*lati*+ 2ad bee+ deter.i+ed0 T2e A.*/* I /*urt 2eld t2at a+y3resu.3ti*+ * liability .ust be rebuttable0 A.*/* II 2eld t2at a3resu.3ti*+ * rei+er liability .ust be rebuttable *r -i*lati*+sresulti+g r*. t2e sale * leaded gas*li+e as u+leaded by retaila/ilities *+ed a+d leased by t2e rei+er0 As a result * t2e A.*/* Ia+d A.*/* II de/isi*+s, t2e u+leaded gas*li+e regulati*+s ere re-isedt* all* rei+ers t* rebut a 3resu.3ti*+ * liability e-e+ 2ere t2erei+er *+ed *r leased a retail *utlet *u+d i+ -i*lati*+0 All 3resu.3ti*+s * liability /*+tai+ed i+ t2e re*r.ulatedgas*li+e regulati*+s are rebuttable0 As i+ *t2er 4% "FR 3art &% uels3r*gra.s u+leaded gas*li+e, -*latility, a+d diesel sulur;, t2e i+alre*r.ulated gas*li+e rule 3r*-ides *r .*re stri+ge+t rei+er dee+seele.e+ts i+ t2e /ase * a -i*lati*+ at a a/ility dis3layi+g t2atrei+er?s bra+d +a.e, as *33*sed t* a /ase 2ere t2e a/ility i+-i*lati*+ d*es +*t dis3lay t2e rei+er?s bra+d +a.e0 Ne-ert2eless, t2ei+al regulati*+s 3r*-ide t2at t2e rei+er i+ su/2 a bra+d(+a.ea/ility/ase .ay rebut a 3resu.3ti*+ * -i/ari*us liability by s2*i+gt2at t2e -i*lati*+ as /aused by a 3arty *t2er t2a+ t2e rei+er0

A//*rdi+gly, t2e i+al rule d*es +*t /reate stri/t -i/ari*us liabilityby a+y 3arty, a+d is /*+siste+t it2 t2e tea/2i+gs * A.*/* I a+d A.*/*II0

O+e /*..e+ter stated t2at a retailer /*uld 3r*-e t2e irst retailerdee+se ele.e+t t2at t2e retailer did +*t /ause t2e -i*lati*+; *+ly by3r*-i+g t2e se/*+d retailer dee+se ele.e+t t2at 3r*du/t tra+serd*/u.e+ts t2at .eet rele-a+t re5uire.e+ts a//*u+t *r all gas*li+e3ur/2ased a+d s*ld by t2e retailer;, a+d t2ere*re t2e ele.e+t s2*uldbe deleted0 E!A agrees t2at *+e * t2e .*st /*..*+ ays retailers s2*+*+(/ausati*+ is by ide+tiyi+g t2e s*ur/e * all gas*li+e 3rese+t att2e retail *utlet, a+d s2*i+g t2at t2is 3r*du/t as re3rese+ted by t2edistribut*rs; *r resellers; t* .eet all rele-a+t re5uire.e+ts0 I+e+*r/i+g *t2er .*t*r -e2i/le uels 3r*gra.s 2ere retailers 2a-e *te+used t2is ty3e * e-ide+/e t* 3r*er a dee+se, 2*e-er, E!A?se3erie+/e 2as bee+ t2at retailers are rarely *u+d t* be ulti.ately



liable u+less t2e retailer .ade de/isi*+s t* /*..i+gle gas*li+es i+ t2eretail ta+ t2at s2*uld 2a-e bee+ segregated0 It is 3*ssible t2at aretailer?s 3r*erri+g * 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts .ay be i+ade5uatet* establis2 a /*.3lete dee+se t* a+ allegati*+ * a -i*lati*+0 F*ri+sta+/e, t2e retailer .ay 2a-e +*ledge, i+de3e+de+t * t2e 3r*du/t

tra+ser d*/u.e+ts, t2at s2*uld lead t2e retailer t* u+dersta+d t2att2e gas*li+e?s 5ualities are +*t as re3rese+ted *+ t2e d*/u.e+ts0 I+su/2 a /ir/u.sta+/e, t2e retailer *uld be re5uired t* s2* by .ea+s*t2er t2a+ t2e d*/u.e+ts t2at it did +*t /ause t2e -i*lati*+0

A//*rdi+gly, t2e ele.e+ts * dee+se *r a retailer .ay *-erla3, a+d asa result are +*t redu+da+t0 T2e ade5ua/y * a dee+se ill bedeter.i+ed *+ a /ase(by(/ase basis0

O+e /*..e+ter *be/ted t2at a 3arty *uld 2a-e t* test gas*li+ere/ei-ed by t2e 3arty *ll*i+g ea/2 re/ei3t, a+d test t2e gas*li+edeli-ered t* *t2er 3arties *ll*i+g ea/2 deli-ery, i+ *rder t*abs*lutely 3r*-e t2e 3arty did +*t /ause a -i*lati*+ *r 2i/2 t2e3arty /*uld be 3resu.3ti-ely liable0 E!A agrees t2at t2e .*st/*+/lusi-e 3r** *r +*+(/ausati*+ *r a+y 3*ssible allegati*+ *liability *uld be test results * t2e ty3e des/ribed by t2e /*..e+ter0I+ a/t, t2is is t2e ty3e * testi+g t2at /*..*+ly is /arried *ut byt2e 3arties 2ere large -*lu.es * gas*li+e are i+-*l-ed0 Rei+ers a+di.3*rters /*+du/t su/2 testi+g * t2e gas*li+e t2ey 3r*du/e *r i.3*rt,as d* *t2er 3arties su/2 as 3i3eli+es a+d ter.i+als 2e+ re/ei-i+g *rs2i33i+g large(si7ed bat/2es * gas*li+e0 I+ situati*+s 2ere t2e-*lu.e * gas*li+e re/ei-ed *r s2i33edLdeli-ered is s.all, E!A d*es +*ta+ti/i3ate t2at e-ery(bat/2 testi+g is +eeded t* s2* +*+(/ausati*+0E!A belie-es t2at 3arties 2* deal i+ s.all(si7ed gas*li+e bat/2es areable t* ee/ti-ely .*+it*r t2e 5uality * gas*li+e re/ei-ed a+ds2i33edLdeli-ered a+d establis2 t2e /ause * -i*lati*+s t2at *//urt2r*ug2 /areul atte+ti*+ t* 3r*gra. re5uire.e+ts, dis/reti*+ i+ t2esele/ti*+ * busi+ess 3art+ers, a+d g**d 5uality /*+tr*l 3ra/ti/esi+/ludi+g a 3r*gra. * 3eri*di/ sa.3li+g a+d testi+g0 T2is belie byE!A is based *+ its e3erie+/e i+ e+*r/i+g *t2er .*t*r -e2i/le uels3r*gra.s0

O+e /*..e+ter stated t2at t2e re5uire.e+t * a 5uality assura+/e3r*gra. i+ additi*+ t* all *t2er testi+g a+d audit re5uire.e+ts, isredu+da+t0

E!A belie-es t2at 5uality assura+/e sa.3li+g a+d testi+g isesse+tial s* t2at t2ere is a+ i+/e+ti-e *r 3arties t* ade5uately.*+it*r t2e 5uality * gas*li+e re/ei-ed a+d s2i33edLdeli-ered0 T2e3ri+/i3al 3ur3*se * 5uality assura+/e sa.3li+g a+d testi+g, i+ E!A?s



-ie, is t* alert a 3arty t* gas*li+e 5uality 3r*ble.s s* t2at t2e3arty .ay /*rre/t t2e 3r*ble. a+d t2e /*+diti*+s t2at /aused t2e3r*ble. be*re E!A d*/u.e+ts a+y -i*lati*+s0 Ot2er e+*r/e.e+t.e/2a+is.s t2at are i+/luded i+ t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. arei.3*rta+t *r t2eir *+ reas*+s, but E!A d*es +*t belie-e t2ey

eli.i+ate t2e +eed *r sa.3li+g a+d testi+g0 I+ additi*+, t2e eiste+/e * a+ ade5uate 5uality assura+/e 3r*gra.is a se3arate ele.e+t * t2e dee+se t* a 3resu.3ti*+ * liabilitybe/ause E!A d*es +*t eel /*+ide+t t2at a 3arty did +*t /ause a-i*lati*+ abse+t su/2 e-ide+/e0 F*r ea.3le, e-e+ i *+e 3arty /a+ s2*t2at a+*t2er 3arty as t2e a33are+t *r 3ri.ary /ause * a d*+strea.-i*lati*+, t2at d*es +*t *+ its *+ s2* t2at t2e irst 3arty did +*tals* /ause t2e -i*lati*+0 T2e u+gible +ature * t2e gas*li+edistributi*+ syste. /*uld ell lead t* situati*+s 2ere .*re t2a+ *+ea+d 3er2a3s se-eral 3arties /*+tributed t* a -i*lati*+ dete/tedd*+strea.0 Abse+t a sui/ie+t 5uality assura+/e 3r*gra., 3r*du/ti*+* 3r*3er tra+ser re/*rds, a+d a+y *t2er e-ide+/e +eeded t* s2* t2att2e irst 3arty did +*t /ause t2e -i*lati*+, E!A d*es +*t belie-e t2att2e irst 3arty 2as 3r*3erly rebutted t2e 3resu.3ti*+ * liability0 A5uality assura+/e 3r*gra., 2i/2 i+-*l-es sa.3li+g a+d testi+g t2egas*li+e 2ile it is i+ t2e 2a+ds * a 3arty, is reas*+ably /*+sidereda +e/essary, .i+i.u. ele.e+t * 3r*3erly s2*i+g t2at a 3arty did +*t/ause a -i*lati*+ a+d t2ereby rebutti+g a 3resu.3ti*+ * liability0 Rei+ers, i.3*rters a+d *yge+ate ble+ders are re5uired t* /*+du/tsa.3li+g a+d testi+g u+der t2e regulati*+s, as ell as 2a-e i+de3e+de+taudits 3er*r.ed0 F*r t2*se 3arties, t2e re5uired sa.3li+g a+d testi+g.ay ell satisy t2e 5uality assura+/e ele.e+t * a dee+se t*3resu.3ti-e liability a+d is t2ere*re +*t redu+da+t0 F*r t2*se 3artiesit *+ly /alls *r additi*+al sa.3li+g a+d testi+g 2ere t2e re5uiredsa.3li+g a+d testi+g *uld +*t be ade5uate t* satisy t2at ele.e+t *t2e dee+se0 F*r all *t2er 3arties, t2e 5uality assura+/e ele.e+t * adee+se is +*t redu+da+t as t2ere is +* re5uired sa.3li+g a+d testi+g*r *t2er 3arties0

Ne-ert2eless, sa.3li+g a+d testi+g by 3arties *t2er t2a+ rei+ers,i.3*rters, a+d *yge+ate ble+ders is +*t re5uired by t2e i+al rule,but rat2er is a -*lu+tary dee+se ele.e+t *+ly0 I a 3arty belie-est2at +* -i*lati*+s ill *//ur as a result * *t2er 3r*gra.re5uire.e+ts, t2e 3arty /*uld /2**se t* a-*id a 5uality assura+/esa.3li+g a+d testi+g 3r*gra.0 'u/2 a de/isi*+ *uld, 2*e-er, i+/reaset2e ris * -i*lati*+ attributable t* t2e 3arty0 Bit2*ut a 5ualityassura+/e sa.3li+g a+d testi+g 3r*gra. a 3arty *uld 2a-e s/a+t basis*r +*i+g i t2e gas*li+e it re/ei-es a+d s2i3s *r deli-ers .eetssta+dards0 I+ additi*+, i+ t2e e-e+t t2e 3arty?s /*+ide+/e is.is3la/ed a+d E!A d*/u.e+ts a -i*lati*+ *r 2i/2 t2e 3arty is 3resu.edliable, t2e 3arty *uld be u+able t* establis2 a dee+se agai+st t2at



liability0

A /*..e+ter re5uested t2at E!A dei+e t2e re5ue+/y * sa.3li+g a+dtesti+g t2at E!A *uld /*+sider sui/ie+t t* satisy t2e 5uality

assura+/e dee+se ele.e+t0 A+*t2er /*..e+ter re/*..e+ded t2at E!As2*uld base e+*r/e.e+t a/ti*+s e/lusi-ely *+ E!A testi+g usi+gregulat*ry test .et2*ds a+d +*t *+ *-ersig2t sa.3li+g a+d testi+g byregulated 3arties0

E!A is relu/ta+t t* s3e/iy t2e details * a >>sui/ie+t?? 5ualityassura+/e sa.3li+g a+d testi+g 3r*gra., be/ause t2e ty3e * 3r*gra.t2at is sui/ie+t i+ a+y situati*+ de3e+ds *+ t2e 3arti/ular a/ts *t2at situati*+0 I+ additi*+, E!A belie-es regulated 3arties are /l*sestt* t2eir *+ *3erati*+s a+d are t2ere*re i+ t2e best 3*siti*+ t* udget2e 3r*gra. t2at is ade5uate0 Ty3i/ally, su/2 a 3r*gra. s2*uld i+/ludesa.3li+g a+d testi+g * a re3rese+tati-e sa.3li+g * t2e gas*li+e t2e3arty re/ei-es a+d s2i3s *r deli-ers ide+tii/ati*+ * a+y sa.3le t2atis i+ -i*lati*+ * rele-a+t sta+dards, a+d *r su/2 a sa.3le,/*rre/ti*+ * t2e -i*lati*+ a+d t2e /*+diti*+s t2at /aused t2e-i*lati*+ a+d a+ i+/reased rate * sa.3li+g a+d testi+g 2e+/*+diti*+s i+di/ate a+ i+/reased lieli2**d * -i*lati*+s e0g0,-i*lati+g sa.3les *u+d;0

I+ t2e /ase 2ere a -i*lati*+ is dete/ted t2r*ug2 a 3arty?s 5ualityassura+/e 3r*gra., a+d t2e 3arty /*rre/ts b*t2 t2e -i*lati*+ a+d t2e/*+diti*+s t2at /aused t2e -i*lati*+ it2*ut a+y i+-*l-e.e+t by E!A,E!A ge+erally *rg*es a+y e+*r/e.e+t *+ t2e basis * t2e 3arty?s testresults0 I t2e 3arty d*es +*t *ll*(u3 *+ -i*lati*+s i+ t2is .a++er,2*e-er, E!A .ay i+itiate a+ e+*r/e.e+t a/ti*+ *+ t2e basis * t2e3arty?s test results0

"arrier(/*..e+ters *be/ted t* t2e 5uality assura+/e sa.3li+g a+dtesti+g dee+se ele.e+t as a33lied t* /arriers0 "*..e+ters stated t2ata /arrier is i+ a u+i5uely ea 3*siti*+ i+ t2e gas*li+e distributi*+syste. t* -eriy t2e /2ara/teristi/s * 3r*du/t re/ei-ed i+ *rder t*rebut a+ asserti*+ t2at t2e /arrier /aused a -i*lati*+0 E!A re/*g+i7es t2at t2e ter. >>/arrier?? /*-ers a+ array */arriage a+d distributi*+ *3erati*+s0 !i3eli+es, barge *3erati*+s, s2i3*3erati*+s, ta+ tru/s, a+d st*rage a/ilities .ay all .eet t2edei+iti*+ * a /arrier0 Ea/2 ty3e * /arrier 2as u+i5ue /a3a/ities *r/*+du/ti+g 5uality assura+/e sa.3li+g a+d testi+g 3r*gra.s0 F*ri+sta+/e, 3i3eli+es, barge a+d s2i3 /arriers, a+d st*rage a/ilitiesty3i/ally deal it2 large -*lu.es * gas*li+e0 E!A belie-es t2at t2ese



2ig2 -*lu.e *3erati*+s already /*+du/t sa.3li+g a+d testi+g 3r*gra.sduri+g t2e +*r.al /*urse * busi+ess t2at +*r.ally ill satisy t2e5uality assura+/e dee+se ele.e+t0 I+ a/t, /*..e+ters *bser-ed t2atbarge /arriers ty3i/ally sa.3le a+d test l*ads b*t2 be*re a+d aters2i3.e+t t* e+sure t2e i+tegrity * t2eir 3r*du/t0

T2e u+i5ue /ir/u.sta+/es * ta+ tru/ /arriers 2a-e bee+/*+sidered i+ t2e i+al rule0 Tru/ /arriers, lie *t2er /arriers, illbe ased t* 3rese+t e-ide+/e * a 5uality assura+/e 3r*gra. *+ly 2ereE!A d*/u.e+ts a -i*lati*+ at t2e /arrier?s a/ility0J'!K64 I+additi*+, tru/ /arriers .ay rely *+ a 3r*3erly /*+du/ted 5ualityassura+/e 3r*gra. /arried *ut by a+*t2er 3arty *-er t2e /arrier?s*3erati*+ .*st liely t2e 3r*du/t *+er;0 M*re*-er, 5uality assura+/esa.3li+g i+-*l-i+g gas*li+e deli-ery tru/s .ay be a//*.3lis2ed usi+gsa.3les /*lle/ted at retail stati*+s *ll*i+g tru/ deli-eriesdis/ussed .*re ully ab*-e;, 3r*-idi+g /arriers it2 additi*+alleibility i+ .eeti+g t2is dee+se ele.e+t0 It is als* rele-a+t t2atu+der t2e eisti+g gas*li+e -*latility a+d diesel sulur 3r*gra.s/arriers, i+/ludi+g tru/ /arriers, are re5uired t* /*+du/t 5ualityassura+/e sa.3li+g a+d testi+g i+ *rder t* establis2 a dee+se *r-i*lati*+s0 As a result, t2e /arrier 5uality assura+/e dee+se ele.e+ti+ t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. is .erely a+ ete+si*+ * t2e/arriers? /urre+t 5uality assura+/e res3*+sibilities0

P6P4"arriers are liable u+der t* /ir/u.sta+/es: 2e+ a-i*lati*+ is *u+d at t2e /arrier?s a/ility, a+d 2ere E!A s2*st2e /arrier /aused a -i*lati*+ *u+d else2ere0 T2e 5ualityassura+/e dee+se ele.e+t *uld 2a-e a33li/ati*+ *+ly i+ t2e irst/ir/u.sta+/e, 2*e-er, be/ause i+ a /ase 2ere E!A establis2es t2e/arrier /aused a -i*lati*+ t2e /arrier *uld +*t be able t*establis2 a dee+se e-e+ i t2e /arrier /*+du/ed a 5uality assura+/e3r*gra.0

E!A i+te+ds t* eer/ise its e+*r/e.e+t dis/reti*+ t* 3r*-ide/arriers it2 leibility t* satisy t2e 5uality assura+/e sa.3li+g a+dtesti+g dee+se ele.e+t i a+*t2er 3arty, .*st liely t2e 3r*du/t*+er, /arries *ut a+ ade5uate sa.3li+g a+d testi+g 3r*gra. *-er t2egas*li+e st*red *r tra+s3*rted by t2e /arrier0 T2e 3r*du/t *+er isre5uired t* /*+du/t a 5uality assura+/e 3r*gra. i+ *rder t* establis2 adee+se agai+st its *+ liability, s* t2at a+ arra+ge.e+t betee+ t2e/arrier a+d t2e 3r*du/t *+er i+ t2is regard *uld be little additi*+alburde+ *r t2e 3r*du/t *+er0



"arriers als* .ay see /*+tra/tual i+de.+ii/ati*+ r*. t2e 3r*du/t*+er agai+st liability *r -i*lati*+s dete/ted at t2e /arrier?sa/ility0 E!A belie-es t2at t2e traditi*+al all*/ati*+ * ris t2r*ug2

/*+tra/t is a+ a33r*3riate .et2*d *r /arriers t* saeguard t2eiri+terests it2i+ t2e uel distributi*+ syste.0 "*+tra/tuali+de.+ii/ati*+ /*.bi+ed it2 a /*+tra/tual /*..it.e+t by t2e 3r*du/t*+er t* /arry *ut a+ ee/ti-e 5uality assura+/e sa.3li+g a+d testi+g3r*gra. *uld 3r*-ide a /arrier it2 reas*+able 3r*te/ti*+ agai+sti+a+/ial e3*sure *r liability *r -i*lati*+s *r 2i/2 t2e /arrieris +*t res3*+sible0

E!A 2as a+aly7ed t2e /*sts ass*/iated it2 -*lu+tary /arriersa.3li+g a+d testi+g0 First year 3er(3arty /*stsJ'!K6= are /al/ulatedt* be a33r*i.ately @,6)@ *r 3i3eli+es, 1,%4@ *r tru/ers a/ti+g as*yge+ate ble+ders, a+d =1) *r *t2er tru/ers0 "*sts duri+g 1996 a+d199) are esti.ated at @,4C), 6)C a+d 4&%, res3e/ti-ely0 M*re*-er,E!A assu.es t2at .a+y * t2ese /*sts ill be s2ared a.*+g /arriers a+dt2e *+ers * t2e 3r*du/t0 E!A 2as /*+/luded t2at t2ese /*sts arereas*+able gi-e+ t2e i.3*rta+/e * t2e 5uality assura+/e 3r*gra. t* t2esu//ess * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.0

P6P=First year /*sts i+/lude: a+aly7i+g RF# regulat*ry3r*-isi*+s 3la++i+g a/ti-ities trai+i+g ield testi+g *r/*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e .arer sa.3li+g a+d testi+g *r re*r.3r*3erties t2*ug2 t2is is 3artially a /ust*.ary a+d usual busi+ess3ra/ti/e by -irtue * re5uired testi+g *r RV! a+d *yge+ates *rederal a+d state 3r*gra.s;0 !i3eli+es already r*uti+ely test *r*t2er 3r*3erties as ell0

40 Alter+ati-e E+*r/e.e+t O3ti*+s

'e-eral /*..e+ters *ered alter+ati-es t* E!A?s 3r*3*sede+*r/e.e+t s/2e.e0 T2e alter+ati-es 3r*3*sed i+/lude: E!A s2*uld rely*+ /ease a+d desist *rders E!A s2*uld *+ly 3resu.e liability 2ere a-i*lati*+ is *u+d a+d all* 3ri-ate /*+tra/t la t* i+sure t2e-i*lat*r agai+st u3strea. /ausati*+ E!A s2*uld re5uire illul a+d+*i+g +eglige+/e *r -i/ari*us rei+er liability a+d E!A s2*uld



i.3*se sa.3li+g a+d testi+g re5uire.e+ts *+ all ta+ tru/ /arriers,e-e+ i sa.3li+g a+d testi+g is already 3er*r.ed by a+ u3strea. 3arty*r t2e /arrier, t* a-*id e/*+*.i/ ad-a+tage *-er *r(2ire /arriers0 E!A 2as /*+sidered t2ese alter+ati-e e+*r/e.e+t s/2e.es a+d 2asdeter.i+ed t* i.3le.e+t t2e s/2e.e as 3r*3*sed *r .*diied a+d

dis/ussed ab*-e0 T2is e+*r/e.e+t s/2e.e is u+iied, /*+siste+t it2E!A?s e+*r/e.e+t i+ t2e gas*li+e -*latility, diesel sulur a+d lead32ased*+ 3r*gra.s, a+d */usses e+*r/e.e+t atte+ti*+ at t2e 3*i+ts i+t2e distributi*+ syste. 2ere t2e 3*lluti*+ *r.i+g 3*te+tial *gas*li+es .ay be ae/ted by 3arties i+ t2e .a+ua/turi+g a+dL*rdistributi*+ 3r*/ess0 A stri+ge+t /*.3lia+/e *-ersig2t a+d e+*r/e.e+t3r*gra., as des/ribed i+ detail i+ t2e i+al rule a+d t2is 3rea.ble, is+e/essitated by t2e sig+ii/a+t i+a+/ial i+/e+ti-es t2at eist *r3arties t* +*t /*.3ly0 E!A?s e3erie+/e i+ t2e lead 32ased*+ a+dgas*li+e -*latility 3r*gra.s 2as bee+ t2at i+a+/ial i+/e+ti-es illresult i+ /2eati+g a+d t2at a -ig*r*us e+*r/e.e+t 3rese+/e ill resulti+ di.i+is2ed i+/ide+/e * +*+(/*.3lia+/e0 A//*rdi+gly, E!A belie-est2at a+ e+*r/e.e+t 3r*gra. relyi+g *+ /ease a+d desist *rders al*+e*r e+/*uragi+g /*.3lia+/e by 3arties *uld +*t be ee/ti-e i+deterri+g -i*lati*+s a+d *uld ail t* re.*-e e/*+*.i/ i+/e+ti-es *r+*+(/*.3lia+/e0 Furt2er, E!A belie-es t2at relia+/e *+ 3ri-ate /*+tra/tla t* i+sure t2e -i*lat*r agai+st u3strea. /ausati*+ *uld bei+ee/ti-e i+ 3r*-idi+g *r .ai.u. /*.3lia+/e due t* t2e u+/ertai+ty* t2e res*luti*+ * /*+tra/t dis3utes a+d t2e a.e+ability * su/2dis3utes t* res*luti*+ *r reas*+s *t2er t2a+ t2e i+terests */*.3lia+/e it2 t2e "lea+ Air A/t0 Als*, E!A 2as deter.i+ed +*t t*re5uire illul a+d +*i+g +eglige+/e *r -i/ari*us rei+er liabilitydue t* t2e dii/ulty * establis2i+g +*ledge a+d due t* E!A?s beliet2at su/2 a re5uire.e+t *uld ease t2e *bligati*+ * rei+ers t*stri/tly .*+it*r t2e 5uality * t2eir 3r*du/t as it is distributed0Fi+ally, E!A 2as /reated a syste. * sa.3li+g a+d testi+g t2at /reatest2e .*st t2*r*ug2 *-ersig2t s/2e.e +e/essary 2ile a-*idi+g u++e/essaryredu+da+/ies0 T2e regulati*+s re5uire ea/2 3arty t* /*+du/t sa.3li+ga+d testi+g at a33r*3riate 3*i+ts i+ t2e distributi*+ syste.0 D*e-er,as dis/ussed ab*-e, E!A ill eer/ise its e+*r/e.e+t dis/reti*+ s* ast* all* 3arties t2e leibility t* *i+tly assu.e res3*+sibility *rt2e a//*.3lis2.e+t * re5uired testi+g0 T2is eer/ise * e+*r/e.e+tdis/reti*+ is i+te+ded t* a-*id redu+da+/ies0 E!A /a++*t ustiy t2ei.3*siti*+ * u++e/essary sa.3li+g a+d testi+g *+ t2e regulated/*..u+ity t* alter e/*+*.i/ ad-a+tages ass*/iated it2 t2is 3r*gra.0

<0 aseli+es *r I.3*rted #as*li+e

E!A re/ei-ed /*..e+ts *+ t2e a33r*3riate baseli+e t* a33ly *rgas*li+es 3r*du/ed at *reig+ rei+eries a+d i.3*rted i+t* t2e +ited'tates0



I rei+ers 2ad t2e *3ti*+ * 3rese+ti+g t2e data +e/essary t*establis2 a+ i+di-idual rei+ery baseli+e, *r bei+g assig+ed t2e a+tidu.3i+gstatut*ry baseli+e, ea/2 rei+er?s /2*i/e *uld be /lear0 Ea/2

rei+er *uld /al/ulate 2et2er t2e i+di-idual baseli+e *r t2estatut*ry baseli+e is .*re stri+ge+t *r t2at rei+er, a+d *uld si.3lysele/t t2e least stri+ge+t *3ti*+0 I+ /*+se5ue+/e, i 3arties eregi-e+ .*re t2a+ *+e regulat*ry *3ti*+ t* establis2 a baseli+e, t2e/u.ulati-e ee/t * ea/2 i+di-idual rei+er?s eer/ise * t2ebaseli+e(setti+g *3ti*+ *uld be t2at t2e e+-ir*+.e+tal be+eitsi+te+ded *r re*r.ulated a+d /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e *uld +*t bea/2ie-ed0 A//*rdi+gly, E!A 2as a-*ided 3r*-idi+g *3ti*+s it2i+ t2ebaseli+e(setti+g s/2e.e0

@0 Re5uired I+di-idual aseli+es((8*.esti/ Rei+ers E!A?s i+al rule 3r*-ides *r a s/2e.e t* establis2 rei+erybaseli+es *r d*.esti/ rei+ers t2at a-*ids gi-i+g 3arties *3ti*+s, a+dit2i+ t2is +*(*3ti*+ /*+strai+t, t2at uses t2e best a-ailable data i+setti+g baseli+es0 As a ge+eral a33r*a/2, 3arties are re5uired t*establis2 i+di-idual baseli+es usi+g a/tual 199% data Met2*d 1;0D*e-er, E!A d*es +*t a+ti/i3ate t2at .a+y d*.esti/ rei+ers ill 2a-eall t2e data +e/essary t* establis2 a+ i+di-idual baseli+e basede+tirely *+ a/tual 199% data0 T2ere*re, 2ere t2e a/tual 199% data is+*t a-ailable, t2e baseli+e 3r*-isi*+s 3r*-ide *r t2e .*delli+g *199% 3ara.eters Met2*ds @ a+d C;0 T2ese .*dels are based *+ t2eabse+/e * >>irst /2*i/e?? 199% data, a+d re5uire t2at t2e ae/ted3arty 3r*-ide t2e >>+et best?? data a-ailable r*. 3r*du/ti*+subse5ue+t t* 199% t* establis2 a .*delled a//urate baseli+e0 8*.esti/ rei+ers are +*t 3er.itted a+ *3ti*+ t* re-ert t* t2e use* Met2*ds @ a+d C0 Rat2er, rei+ers are re5uired t* use Met2*d 1 ia/tual 199% data is a-ailable0 I t2e Met2*d 1 data are +*t a-ailable,rei+ers are re5uired t* use Met2*d @, a+d i Met2*d @ data are +*ta-ailable, rei+ers are re5uired t* use Met2*d C0 8*.esti/ rei+ers are+*t 3er.itted a+ *3ti*+ t* use t2e statut*ry baseli+e0 8*.esti/rei+ers are re5uired t* use i+de3e+de+t /*..er/ial audit*rs t* /ertiyt2e a//ura/y a+d t2e a-ailability *r +*+(a-ailability; * data *r a+y* t2e baseli+e setti+g .et2*ds, a+d t* assure t2e 3r*3er a33li/ati*+* t2*se .et2*ds0 T2is s/2e.e d*es +*t gi-e d*.esti/ rei+ers a+y/2*i/e i+ t2e .a++er i+ 2i/2 baseli+es are set, t2us a-*idi+g t2e3*te+tial *r >>ga.i+g?? by i+di-idual rei+ers0 M*re*-er, E!A iseasily able t* /*+du/t e+*r/e.e+t audits * t2e baseli+e sub.issi*+s* d*.esti/ rei+ers0 I+ /*+se5ue+/e, E!A belie-es t2at t2is s/2e.eill result i+ t2e establis2.e+t * a+ a//urate re3rese+tati*+ * t2ea/tual 0'0 199% baseli+e gas*li+e uel 3r*3erties r*. d*.esti/rei+ers0 T2is baseli+e setti+g s/2e.e is dis/ussed i+ detail i+



E!A /*+sidered gi-i+g *reig+ rei+ers, as *33*sed t* i.3*rters,t2e *3ti*+ * eit2er setti+g i+di-idual baseli+es usi+g Met2*ds 1, @,a+d C, *r * bei+g assig+ed t2e a+ti(du.3i+g statut*ry baseli+e0 T2isa33r*a/2 is laed, 2*e-er, be/ause * t2e ga.i+g *33*rtu+ity it *uldgi-e *reig+ rei+ers0 As dis/ussed ab*-e, su/2 a ga.i+g *33*rtu+ity

*uld result i+ a+ *-erall 5uality * gas*li+e i+ 199= a+d t2ereatert2at *uld ail t* a/2ie-e t2e e+-ir*+.e+tal g*als i+te+ded *rre*r.ulated a+d /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e0 A *reig+ rei+er it2 a+ a/tual baseli+e dirtier t2a+ t2estatut*ry baseli+e *uld 3reer t* /*+ti+ue t* 3r*du/e t* t2atbaseli+e0 D*e-er, a *reig+ rei+er it2 a+ a/tual baseli+e /lea+ert2a+ t2e statut*ry baseli+e *uld 3reer t* 3r*du/e t* t2e lessstri+ge+t statut*ry baseli+e0 A//*rdi+gly, t2e i+/e+ti-es t* ga.e t2e3r*gra. *uld result i+ t2e a-erage 5uality * gas*li+e i.3*rted t* t2e0'0 bei+g seed t* 3r*du/e dirtier gas*li+e t2a+ t2e statut*rybaseli+e0 F*reig+ rei+ers *uld /*lle/ti-ely e/eed t2e 0'0 a-eragegas*li+e 3ara.eters, resulti+g i+ dirtier 0'0 air0 E!A als* /*+sidered 2et2er it *uld be easible t* a33ly t2e sa.ebaseli+e(setti+g a33r*a/2 used *r d*.esti/ rei+ers t* *reig+rei+ers dire/tly, i0e0, t2at a+y *reig+ rei+er *uld be re5uired t*establis2 a+ i+di-idual baseli+e usi+g Met2*ds 1, @, *r C0 +der t2isa33r*a/2, a+y *reig+ rei+er, lie a+y d*.esti/ rei+er, 2* is u+ablet* establis2 t2e 5uality * its 199% '(.aret gas*li+e *uld be barredr*. su33lyi+g gas*li+e *r use it2i+ t2e +ited 'tates begi++i+g i+199=0 T2is a33r*a/2 *uld be /*+siste+t it2 t2e guidi+g t2e.es *rbaseli+e(setti+g: T2at 3arties +*t 2a-e *3ti*+s i+ setti+g baseli+ele-els, a+d t2at it2i+ t2is /*+strai+t t2at t2e baseli+es are setusi+g t2e best a-ailable data0 A33li/ati*+ * t2is baseli+e(setti+ga33r*a/2 t* *reig+ rei+ers is 3r*ble.ati/, 2*e-er0 F*reig+ rei+er use * t2e ge+eral s/2e.e usi+g Met2*ds 1, @ a+d C*uld re5uire t2at t2e *reig+ rei+er .ust 2a-e a/tual test data *rt2e 3*rti*+ * its 3r*du/ti*+ desti+ed *r 0'0 .arets, *r i+ t2ealter+ati-e, *reig+ rei+ers *uld 2a-e t* .*del t2e 199% 5uality *t2eir 0'0 3r*du/t based *+ 3*st(199% gas*li+e 5uality data a+drei+ery /*+igurati*+ i+*r.ati*+0 E!A belie-es t2at .*st *reig+rei+ers la/ t2e i+*r.ati*+ +e/essary t* establis2 t2eir 199% 0'0.aret gas*li+e u+der eit2er Met2*d 1, @ *r C0 M*st i +*t all;*reig+ rei+ers, lie d*.esti/ rei+ers, did +*t /*lle/t ade5uate datai+ 199% t* use Met2*d 10 I+ additi*+, Met2*ds @ a+d C ge+erally arei+a33r*3riate *r use by *reig+ rei+ers *r te/2+i/al reas*+s, i+t2at Met2*ds @ a+d C .*del t2e 5uality * *-erall rei+ery gas*li+e3r*du/ti*+, +*t t2e 5uality * a 3*rti*+ * rei+ery 3r*du/ti*+0 T2e*-erall 5uality * gas*li+e r*. a rei+ery .ay bear s/a+t rese.bla+/et* t2e 5uality * t2e 3*rti*+ g*i+g t* t2e 0'0 .aret0 A//*rdi+gly,Met2*ds @ a+d C +*r.ally ill +*t *r *r rei+eries t2at s2i3 *+ly a3*rti*+ * t2eir 3r*du/ti*+ t* t2e 0'0 .aret0 E!A belie-es t2at it is i+a33r*3riate t* re5uire t2e use * Met2*ds



@ a+d C baseli+es 2e+ t2ese Met2*ds ill +*t *r 3r*3erly *r s*.e *r.*st *reig+ rei+ers, a+d 2e+ t2e /*+se5ue+/e * su/2 a ailure *uldbe t* bar t2e *reig+ rei+er r*. i.3*rti+g gas*li+e i+t* t2e 0'0T2ere*re, i+ *rder t* /reate a +*+(*3ti*+al baseli+e setti+g a33r*a/2*r *reig+ rei+ers, E!A deter.i+ed t* regulate t2eir gas*li+es

t2r*ug2 d*.esti/ i.3*rters as des/ribed ab*-e0 I+ additi*+ t* t2e te/2+i/al dii/ulties i+2ere+t i+ a33lyi+gbaseli+e(setti+g Met2*ds @ a+d C t* i.3*rters a+d *reig+ rei+ers, a+dt2e 3*te+tial *r ga.i+g t2at *uld result r*. *3ti*+al use * t2eseMet2*ds, E!A is /*+/er+ed t2at it *uld be u+able t* /arry *ut a/*+siste+tly ee/ti-e /*.3lia+/e .*+it*ri+g a+d e+*r/e.e+t 3r*gra. **reig+ rei+ery baseli+es set usi+g t2ese Met2*ds, it2 t2e resultt2at t2e a//ura/y * *reig+ rei+ery baseli+es *uld +*t be e+sured0 T2ere is a u+da.e+tal disti+/ti*+ betee+ E!A?s ability t* .*+it*ra+d e+*r/e regulat*ry re5uire.e+ts t2at *uld a33ly agai+st d*.esti/as *33*sed t* *reig+ rei+ers0 'i.3ly 3ut, d*.esti/ rei+ers aresube/t t* t2e ull 3a+*3ly * E!A?s regulat*ry urisdi/ti*+ a+d/*.3lia+/e .*+it*ri+g, 2ile +*t all *reig+ rei+ers desiri+g t*3r*du/e re*r.ulated a+dL*r /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e .ay be sube/t t*E!A?s regulat*ry urisdi/ti*+ it2 e5ui-ale+t /ertai+ty0 "*.3lia+/e.*+it*ri+g a+d e+*r/e.e+t are i+tegral t* t2e establis2.e+t *a//urate a+d -eriiable baseli+es, as ell as subse5ue+t /*.3lia+/eit2 sta+dards based *+ t2ese baseli+es0 T2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. /*.3lia+/e .*+it*ri+g a+de+*r/e.e+t s/2e.e /*+sists * se-eral ele.e+ts desig+ed i+ t2eaggregate t* e+sure t2at t2e e+-ir*+.e+tal g*als * t2e "lea+ Air A/tare .et, i+/ludi+g, i+ter alia: baseli+e(setti+g audits .a+dat*ryre3*rti+g a+d re/*rd ee3i+g i+de3e+de+t lab*rat*ry sa.3li+g a+dtesti+g tra/i+g * 3r*du/t r*. 3*i+t * 3r*du/ti*+ t* 3*i+t *distributi*+ u+a++*u+/ed E!A /*.3lia+/e i+s3e/ti*+s a++ual atteste+gage.e+ts by /ertiied 3r*essi*+als a+d a+ e+*r/e.e+t s/2e.e/*.3rised * /i-il 3e+alties, i+u+/ti-e relie, a+d /ri.i+alsa+/ti*+s0 8*.esti/ rei+ers a+d i.3*rters are sube/t t* E!A

urisdi/ti*+ i+ ea/2 * t2ese a/ti-ities all *reig+ rei+ers .ay +*tbe e5ually a.e+able t* E!A urisdi/ti*+0 8*.esti/ rei+ers, re5uired t* establis2 i+di-idual baseli+es usi+ga/tual *r i+erred 199% 3r*du/ti*+ -alues Met2*ds 1, @ a+dL*r C;, arere5uired t* 2a-e baseli+e 3ara.eter deter.i+ati*+ .et2*d*l*gy a+dresulti+g -alues -eriied by a+ E!A(/ertiied audit*r0 D*e-er, *reig+rei+ers, lie all *reig+ /*r3*rati*+s a+d /iti7e+s, e+*y 3r*te/tedstatus u+der t2e las * t2eir +ati*+al urisdi/ti*+ a+d are +*te5ually a.e+able t* E!A audits * rei+er baseli+es0J'!K6& E!A 2ase3erie+/ed dii/ulty i+ *t2er .*bile s*ur/e regulat*ry 3r*gra.s,i+/ludi+g t2e *reig+ aut*.*ti-e /ertii/ate * /*+*r.ity 3r*gra., i+gai+i+g e+try t* *reig+ /*u+tries t* /*+du/t /*.3lia+/e i+s3e/ti*+sa+d t2ere*re belie-es si.ilar 3r*ble.s /*uld arise u+der t2ere*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.0



P6P&A /*..e+ter suggested t2at di3l*.ati/ i+stru.e+ts .ay bea-ailable t* .itigate E!A?s /*+/er+s it2 a//ess t* *reig+rei+eries *r baseli+e /ertii/ati*+ a+d /*.3lia+/e .*+it*ri+g a+d*-ersig2t0 D*e-er, E!A 2as +*t bee+ 3rese+ted it2 a .*deli+stru.e+t t2at guara+tees su/2 a//ess *-er ti.e0 I+ /*+trast, E!Ad*es 2a-e guara+teed a//ess t* d*.esti/ rei+eries a+d i.3*rterst2r*ug2 aut2*rity 3r*-ided i+ t2e A/t a+d its i.3le.e+ti+gregulati*+s0

Furt2er, E!A is u+aare * a+y /urre+t di3l*.ati/ i+stru.e+ts2i/2 *uld 3r*-ide E!A it2 assura+/es * *-ersig2t * t2ei+tegrity * /*.3lia+/e audits /*+du/ted by +*+(0'0 audit*rs0

E!A 2as /*+sidered 2et2er *+e *r .*re *reig+ rei+ers .ay be ablet* de-ise a di3l*.ati/ i+stru.e+t sui/ie+t t* guara+tee E!A?s/ertiied audit*rs a+d i+s3e/t*rs a//ess t* /*+du/t baseli+e-erii/ati*+ audits a+d /*.3lia+/e *-ersig2t a+d e+*r/e.e+ti+s3e/ti*+s0 D*e-er, t2e *reig+ su33ly * gas*li+e /*+-e+ti*+al a+dulti.ately re*r.ulated gas*li+es; t* t2e 0'0 /urre+tly de3e+ds *+i.3*rts r*. +u.er*us *reig+ s*ur/es0 E!A belie-es it u+liely t2atall /urre+t *r *reseeable uture; *reig+ su33liers * gas*li+e illbe able t* 3r*-ide ade5uate di3l*.ati/ guara+tees *r E!A a//ess0 T2e e+-ir*+.e+tal be+eits * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.de3e+d *+ E!A?s re/ei3t * a//urate a+d -eriiable re3*rts r*.regulated 3arties, a+d E!A?s ability t* re-ie t2e data 3*ssessed byt2e regulated /*..u+ity t2at u+derlies t2e re3*rts, *r i+ t2ealter+ati-e, E!A?s ability t* see /i-il, /ri.i+al a+d 3r*essi*+alsa+/ti*+s agai+st d*.esti/ /*r3*rate *i/ers a+d 3r*essi*+als e+gagedi+ .ai+tai+i+g re/*rds *r sub.itti+g re3*rts a+d audits t* t2e 0'0g*-er+.e+t0 D*e-er, i+ t2e /ase * *reig+ rei+eries, E!A d*es +*t2a-e t2e aut2*rity *r *-ersig2t * t2e re/*rd ee3i+g a+d re3*rti+g3r*/ess t2at is e5ui-ale+t t* E!A?s aut2*rity *-er d*.esti/ rei+ersa+d 3*ssible sa+/ti*+s are +*t e5ually a-ailable t* e+sure a//uratere3*rts by *reig+ 3arties0 Agai+, E!A belie-es it u+liely t2at all*reig+ g*-er+.e+ts desiri+g t* i.3*rt re*r.ulated *r /*+-e+ti*+algas*li+e t* t2e 0'0 *uld eit2er /*+se+t *r be able t* 3r*-ideade5uate assura+/e * *reig+ re3*rters? a.e+ability t* E!A legal3r*/ess0



T2e i+tegrity * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. is als* ae/tedby E!A?s ability t* -eriy t2e baseli+e t2at a33lies t* ea/2 bat/2 *gas*li+e 3r*du/ed d*.esti/ally *r i.3*rted0 T2e baseli+e * a gas*li+ebat/2 establis2es t2e sta+dard agai+st 2i/2 /*.3lia+/e *r t2at bat/2

ill be .easured0

I+ t2e /ase * gas*li+e 3r*du/ed d*.esti/ally, baseli+es are set att2e rei+ery a+y gas*li+e 3r*du/ed at a rei+ery a+d i+te+ded *r t2ed*.esti/ .aret is sube/t t* t2at rei+ery?s baseli+e0 As a result,tra/i+g * gas*li+e t* its rei+ery(*(*rigi+ is +*t +e/essary i+ t2e/ase * d*.esti/ally(3r*du/ed gas*li+e0 I *reig+ rei+ery(s3e/ii/ baseli+es ere a33lied t* i.3*rtedgas*li+es, 2*e-er, it *uld be +e/essary t* ide+tiy t2e rei+ery(**rigi+*r all i.3*rted gas*li+e0 T2is ty3e * ide+tii/ati*+ *te+*uld be -ery dii/ult *r i.3*ssible0 At t2e ti.e gas*li+e arri-es bys2i3 at a 0'0 3*rt * e+try, t2e gas*li+e 2as +* i+2ere+t 5uality t2at*uld ide+tiy eit2er t2e rei+ery at 2i/2 t2e gas*li+e as 3r*du/ed*r t2e baseli+e t2at 3r*3erly a33lies t* t2e gas*li+e0 T2e *+ly.e/2a+is. a-ailable *r /*rrelati+g a+y i.3*rted gas*li+e it2 t2erei+ery(*(*rigi+ is t2e 3a3er*r t2at a//*.3a+ies t2e gas*li+e0E!A?s ability t* -eriy t2e a//ura/y * su/2 3a3er*r is etre.elyli.ited0 #as*li+e 3r*du/ed by a *reig+ rei+ery .ay trade 2a+ds *r bei+ter.ied it2 *t2er 3r*du/t se-eral ti.es be*re e+teri+g t2e +ited'tates0 E!A la/s t2e ability t* a//urately a+d readily deter.i+e t2erei+ery(*(*rigi+ based s*lely *+ t2e d*/u.e+tati*+ * ueltra+sa/ti*+s a+d s2i3.e+ts t2r*ug2 .yriad distributi*+ 3arties a+dr*utes *utside t2e +ited 'tates0

I *reig+ rei+ery baseli+es ere all*ed, E!A *uld 2a-e +*re/*urse *t2er t2a+ t* rely *+ t2e i.3*rt 3a3er*r t2at is su33lied byt2e i.3*rter *r 3ur3*ses * ide+tiyi+g t2e baseli+e a33li/able *ri.3*rted gas*li+e0 E!A *uld 2a-e little *r +* .ea+s * dete/ti+g,d*/u.e+ti+g, *r 3r*-i+g a+y /2eati+g i+ t2e *r. * .isstati+g t2erei+ery(*(*rigi+ a+d t2ereby t2e a33li/able baseli+e *r i.3*rtedgas*li+e0 E!A *uld t2ere*re la/ t2e ability t* .*+it*r t2e/*.3lia+/e * *reig+ rei+eries it2 i+di-idual baseli+es0

A//*rdi+gly, E!A 2as deter.i+ed t* abide by its 3r*3*sal t* */usregulati*+ * *reig+ gas*li+e *+ d*.esti/ i.3*rters * 3r*du/t *-er2i/2 E!A d*es e+*y e+*r/e.e+t urisdi/ti*+0 8*.esti/ rei+ers a+d i.3*rters are sube/t t* u+a++*u+/ed/*.3lia+/e i+s3e/ti*+s by E!A0 F*reig+ rei+ers, by -irtue * t2eirs*-ereig+ 3r*te/ted status, are +*t e5ually sube/t t* u+a++*u+/edi+s3e/ti*+s0 Agai+, t2e e+-ir*+.e+tal a+d 3ubli/ 2ealt2 be+eitsarisi+g r*. a+ austere /*.3lia+/e .*+it*ri+g 3r*gra. are +*t as



readily a-ailable it2 res3e/t t* *reig+ rei+ers0 8*.esti/ rei+ers a+d i.3*rters are sube/t t* a 3a+*3ly *e+*r/e.e+t .e/2a+is.s t* e+sure /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e "lea+ Air A/t0 E!A.ay see /i-il *r /ri.i+al 3e+alties *r i+u+/ti-e relie it2i+ t2e0'0 udi/ial syste. a+d be assured t2at udg.e+ts ill be e+*r/ed0

<udi/ial re.edies are esse+tial t* E!A?s e+*r/e.e+t * a regulat*ry3r*gra. i+ 2i/2 sig+ii/a+t e/*+*.i/ i+/e+ti-es eist t* 3r*du/e +*+/*.3lyi+g3r*du/t0

D*e-er, 0'0 udi/ial urisdi/ti*+ .ay +*t ully a+d easily ete+dt* *reig+ rei+ers0 E!A?s ability t* eer/ise e+*r/e.e+t .easuresagai+st *reig+ rei+ers is u+/ertai+, at best0 F*r ea.3le, i+ a+ E!A.*t*r -e2i/le re/all ad.i+istrati-e a/ti*+ agai+st a *reig+ aut*.*bile.a+ua/turer, t2e .a+ua/turer argued E!A la/ed urisdi/ti*+ a+dreused t* a//e3t ser-i/e *r /*.3ly it2 ad.i+istrati-e dis/*-eryre5uire.e+ts i+ a .a++er t2at *uld +*t be 3*ssible by a d*.esti/aut*.*bile .a+ua/turer0 A//*rdi+gly, E!A 2as deter.i+ed t* */us itsregulat*ry aut2*rity *+ d*.esti/ i.3*rters * *reig+ gas*li+e 2i/2are a.e+able t* 0'0 legal 3r*/ess0

I+ su..ary, E!A 2as /*+sidered all 3r*3*sed baseli+e(setti+galter+ati-es *r *reig+ gas*li+es t* t2e i+al rule a+d 2as deter.i+edt2at t2e rule issued t*day is +e/essary t* 3r*te/t t2e 5uality * 0'0air a+d 3ubli/ 2ealt20 Furt2er, t2e baseli+e setti+g s/2e.e 3r*.ulgatedt*day is t2e least restri/ti-e s/2e.e a-ailable t* e+sure t2at t2eg*als * t2e "lea+ Air A/t are a/2ie-ed0 E!A is aare t2at t2e baseli+e a33r*a/2 ad*3ted t*day *r *reig+rei+ers is t2e result * E!A?s /*+/er+s *-er a -ariety * te/2+i/ala+d e+*r/e.e+t issues related t* t2e i.3*rtati*+ * gas*li+e040 "*..e+ts

O+e *reig+ rei+er /*..e+ter t* t2e 199@ 'N!RM *be/ted t* t2isbaseli+e(setti+g s/2e.e *+ t2e gr*u+ds t2at s*.e d*.esti/ rei+ers .ayre/ei-e baseli+es dirtier t2a+ t2e statut*ry baseli+e due t* t2eirability t* use a/tual *r i+erred 199% 3r*du/ti*+ -alues, 2ile .*sti.3*rters, a+d t2ere*re *reig+ rei+ers, *uld be sube/t t* t2estatut*ry baseli+e a+d *uld +*t e+*y a+ *33*rtu+ity t* use a+i+di-idual baseli+e dirtier t2a+ t2e statut*ry baseli+e0J'!K69 T2is*uld *//ur be/ause it is u+liely t2at d*.esti/ i.3*rters t2at d* +*t*+ *reig+ rei+eries .ai+tai+ed re/*rds * 199% i.3*rted gas*li+e/2ara/teristi/s ade5uate t* establis2 a+ i+di-idual baseli+e0 T2e/*..e+ter re/*..e+ded t2at *reig+ rei+ers be 3er.itted t* establis2i+di-idual baseli+es usi+g Met2*ds 1, @ a+dL*r C t* establis2 t2eirbaseli+es0



P6P9 T2is issue is 3ri.arily * /*+/er+ t* *reig+ rei+ers2*se a/tual 199% 3r*du/ti*+ /2ara/teristi/s e/eed t2e statut*rybaseli+e0

E!A ga-e seri*us /*+siderati*+ t* t2is /*..e+t, a+d i+ t2e 199C'N!RM des/ribed t2e /*+/er+s raised by t2e /*..e+t a+d t2e alter+ati-essuggested by t2e /*..e+ter, a+d i+-ited /*..e+t *+ t2e issue0 I+ res3*+se t* t2e 199C 'N!RM se-eral /*..e+ters *be/ted t*3r*-idi+g *reig+ rei+eries it2 i+di-idual baseli+es *+ t2e gr*u+dst2at su/2 baseli+es *uld 3r*.*te ga.i+g * t2e syste., t2erebyredu/i+g t2e air 5uality be+eits s*ug2t u+der t2e A/t, a+d *uld3r*-ide *reig+ rei+ers it2 a /*.3etiti-e ad-a+tage0 e/ause *reig+rei+ers d* +*t 2a-e t* /*.3ly it2 t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.?sa+ti(du.3i+g 3r*-isi*+s *r /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e s*ld *utside * t2e0'0, t2e /*..e+ters alleged t2at *reig+ rei+ers /a+ 3r*du/ere*r.ulated gas*li+e at l*er *-erall /*st0 Ot2er /*..e+ts ere re/ei-ed t2at su33*rted t2e gra+ti+g * *reig+rei+ery baseli+es, *+ t2e gr*u+ds t2at su/2 baseli+es *uld e+2a+/e/*.3etiti*+ a.*+g gas*li+e su33liers it2i+ d*.esti/ ' .arets, t* t2ead-a+tage * t2e 3ubli/ ge+erally0

E!A belie-es t2e /*..e+ts related t* a+y /*.3etiti-e /*+se5ue+/es* baseli+es are irrele-a+t0 As a result, E!A 2as ree/ted all /*..e+tsrelati+g t* /*.3etiti-e /*+/er+s, a+d E!A?s de/isi*+s regardi+g t2e.a++er i+ 2i/2 baseli+es are set are +*t i+lue+/ed by su/2/*+siderati*+s0

Ater /*+siderati*+ * all rele-a+t /*..e+ts *+ t2is issue, E!A 2asdeter.i+ed t* i.3le.e+t t2e baseli+e 3r*-isi*+s des/ribed ab*-e0 T2edetri.e+t t* t2e 0'0 e+-ir*+.e+t ass*/iated it2 t2e 3*te+tialestablis2.e+t * i+a//urate rei+ery baseli+es by /urre+t a+d 3*ssiblyuture *reig+ s*ur/es * i.3*rted gas*li+e, al*+g it2 t2edii/ulties ass*/iated it2 .*+it*ri+g /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e a+tidu.3i+ga+d re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.s, /*.3el t2e Age+/y t*re5uire t2at d*.esti/ i.3*rters establis2 i+di-idual baseli+es usi+gMet2*d 1 *r t2at t2ey /*.3ly it2 t2e a+ti(du.3i+g statut*ry baseli+e,



a+d t* +*t establis2 i+di-idual baseli+es *r *reig+ rei+ers0 T2iss/2e.e is /*+siste+t it2 t2e s/2e.e * re5uiri+g rei+ers, d*.esti/ *r*reig+, t* .easure /*.3lia+/e agai+st a+ a//urate a+d -eriiablebaseli+e t2at is based *+ ade5uate a+d reliable data0 T2e a33r*a/2 isals* /*+siste+t it2 E!A?s i+te+t t* a-*id t2e /reati*+ * *3ti*+s

it2i+ t2e baseli+e setti+g s/2e.e t2at *uld all* ga.i+g by t2eregulated /*..u+ity0 Furt2er, t2e s/2e.e is /*+siste+t it2 E!A?s/*.3lia+/e .*+it*ri+g a+d e+*r/e.e+t /a3a/ity0=0 0'0 E+ergy 'e/urity

O+e /*..e+ter suggested t2at re5uiri+g *reig+ rei+ers t* 3r*du/et* t2e statut*ry baseli+e *uld result i+ a s2*rtall * i.3*rtedgas*li+es t* t2e 0'0 E!A?s a+alysis i+di/ates t2at gas*li+e su33liesill be u+ae/ted by i.3le.e+tati*+ * t2e 3r*3*sed baseli+ere5uire.e+ts0 T2is /*+/lusi*+ is based *+ t2e lieli2**d t2at t2ebaseli+e 3r*3*sal *uld at .*st result i+ a s.all /2a+ge i+ gas*li+ei.3*rts i+ li.ited .arets, /*.bi+ed it2 t2e e/ess d*.esti/ rei+i+g/a3a/ity, a+d t2e e3a+si*+ * gas*li+e -*lu.e t2at ill result r*.t2e *yge+ate use .a+dated *r d*.esti/ gas*li+e0 E!A /*+/ludes t2at t2e baseli+e 3r*-isi*+s ad*3ted t*day 3*se +*sig+ii/a+t 3r*ble. *r 0'0 e+ergy se/urity060 8ate t2e "*.3le M*del e/*.es Ma+dat*ry O+e /*..e+ter +*tes t2at t2e i+di-idual baseli+e issue is *+ly3erti+e+t t* t2e years duri+g 2i/2 gas*li+e .ay be 3r*du/ed u+der t2esi.3le .*del *r deter.i+i+g gas*li+e /2ara/teristi/s0 egi++i+g i+199&, 2e+ t2e /*.3le .*del be/*.es .a+dat*ry, t2e /*..e+ter /*rre/tly3*i+ts *ut, all re*r.ulated gas*li+e ill be re5uired t* a/2ie-es3e/iied redu/ti*+s r*. t2e statut*ry baseli+e0 A//*rdi+gly, t2e/*..e+ter *bser-es, i+di-idual baseli+es *r *reig+ rei+eries are*+ly /riti/al duri+g t2e years t2e si.3le .*del is rele-a+t0 D*e-er, t2e rei+eryLi.3*rter i+di-idual baseli+e ill /*+ti+ue t*be rele-a+t bey*+d a33li/ati*+ * t2e si.3le .*del due t* itsa33li/ati*+ t* /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e t2r*ug2 t2e a+ti(du.3i+gre5uire.e+ts0 As a result, i i+di-idual *reig+ rei+ery baseli+esere all*ed, t2e dii/ulties des/ribed ab*-e *uld 3ersist i+3er3etuity0 A//*rdi+gly, t2e easibility * t2e baseli+e setti+g s/2e.eestablis2ed t*day ill 2a-e l*+gsta+di+g ee/t *+ t2e -iability * t2ere*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d a+ti(du.3i+g 3r*gra.0

G0 8ate Re*r.ulated #as*li+e Re5uire.e+ts egi+

'e/ti*+ @11;=; 3r*2ibits t2e sale *r dis3e+si+g * /*+-e+ti*+algas*li+e i+ a+y /*-ered area begi++i+g *+ <a+uary 1, 199=0 I+ *rder t*i.3le.e+t t2is ti.i+g .a+date, E!A 3r*3*sed t2at t2e re*r.ulatedgas*li+e re5uire.e+ts *uld a33ly at all l*/ati*+s begi++i+g *+ <a+uary1, 199=0 E!A +* belie-es t2at it is +e/essary *r t2e re*r.ulated



gas*li+e re5uire.e+ts t* a33ly at a/ilities u3strea. * t2e retail*utlet le-el begi++i+g *+ 8e/e.ber 1, 1994, i+ *rder *r a/ilities att2e retail le-el t* 2a-e re*r.ulated gas*li+e begi++i+g *+ <a+uary 1,199=0

+der t2e gas*li+e -*latility 3r*gra. 4% "FR &%0@)(&%0@&;, t2e-*latility sta+dards a33ly at a/ilities u3strea. * t2e retail *utletle-el begi++i+g *+ May 1 * ea/2 year, a+d at all a/ilities i+/ludi+gretail *utlets a+d 2*lesale 3ur/2aser(/*+su.ers begi++i+g *+ <u+e 1 *ea/2 year0J'!K)% T2is regulat*ry a33r*a/2 3r*-ides a *+e .*+t2 leadti.eduri+g 2i/2 t2e gas*li+e bei+g dis3e+sed at ter.i+als .eets t2esu..erti.e -*latility sta+dard, i+ *rder t* >>tur+ *-er?? t2e gas*li+ei+ retail le-el st*rage ta+s t* .eet t2e su..erti.e -*latilitysta+dard be*re <u+e 10 As a result * t2is ti.i+g re5uire.e+t *rgas*li+e -*latility, al.*st all retail *utlets a/2ie-e t2e su..erti.e-*latility sta+dard by <u+e 1 t2r*ug2 t2e +*r.al /y/le * gas*li+edeli-eries0

P)P% T2e e+d * t2e -*latility /*+tr*l seas*+ ea/2 year is'e3te.ber 1= at all a/ilities0

I+ /*+trast t* t2is a-*rable e3erie+/e u+der t2e gas*li+e-*latility 3r*gra., duri+g i.3le.e+tati*+ * t2e diesel sulur 3r*gra.4% "FR &%0@9(&%0C%; retailers a+d 2*lesale 3ur/2aser(/*+su.ers 2adsig+ii/a+t dii/ulties /*.3lyi+g it2 t2e +e re5uire.e+ts at t2ebegi++i+g * t2at 3r*gra. *+ O/t*ber 1, 199C0 T2e diesel sulurregulati*+s did +*t re5uire a/ilities u3strea. * t2e retail le-el t*2a-e l* sulur diesel uel i+ 3la/e ell be*re O/t*ber 1, 199C, a+d.a+y ter.i+als did +*t .eet t2e l* sulur sta+dard u+til -ery s2*rtlybe*re O/t*ber 10 As a result, a large +u.ber * retail *utlets a+d2*lesale 3ur/2aser(/*+su.ers ere +*t able t* *btai+ l* sulur dieseluel i+ ad-a+/e * t2e O/t*ber 1, 199C date 2e+ all a/ilities erere5uired t* .eet t2e l* sulur diesel sta+dard0 I+ /*+se5ue+/e * t2issituati*+ i+ s*.e areas * t2e /*u+try 3ri/es * l* sulur diesel uelr*se C% /e+ts t* 4% /e+ts *-er t2e /*st * 2ig2 sulur diesel uel0 Asa result, E!A as /*.3elled t* gra+t retailers a+d 2*lesale 3ur/2aser/*+su.ers additi*+al ti.e ater O/t*ber 1 t* /*.e i+t* /*.3lia+/e it2t2e diesel sulur sta+dard0



I+ t2e /ase * re3*rti+g re5uire.e+ts, E!A i+te+ds t2at +*5uarterly *r a-eragi+g re3*rts ill be sub.itted i+ 1994, a+d t2at t2eirst 5uarterly re3*rt i+ 199=, t2at .ust be sub.itted by May C1, 199=,ill be t2e irst re*r.ulated gas*li+e re3*rt0 As a result, all bat/2s3e/ii/i+*r.ati*+ *r gas*li+e 3r*du/ed duri+g 1994 s2*uld be

i+/luded i+ t2e irst 5uarter 199= re3*rt0 A 3r*-isi*+ is i+/luded i+t2e i+al rule t* t2is ee/t, at 'e/0 &%0)=a;C;0 'i.ilarly, E!A d*es+*t i+te+d t2at a se3arate attest e+gage.e+t .ust be 3er*r.ed at t2e/*+/lusi*+ * 1994, but t2at t2e 199= attest e+gage.e+t .ust i+/ludeall gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted i+ 19940 E!A als* 2as i+/luded a 3r*-isi*+ i+ t2e i+al rule, at'e/0 &%06)i;, t* s3e/iy t2e .a++er i+ 2i/2 sta+dards are .et *rre*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*du/ed t* a-erage as *33*sed t* 3er(gall*+;sta+dards duri+g 19940 !r*3*sed 3r*-isi*+s deali+g it2 a-eragi+g did+*t address t2is /ateg*ry * re*r.ulated gas*li+e, be/ause t2ea-eragi+g 3r*3*sals *+ly addressed gas*li+e 3r*du/ed begi++i+g i+<a+uary 199=0

T2e 3r*-isi*+ i+ t2e i+al rule s3e/iies t2at re*r.ulatedgas*li+e t2at is 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted duri+g 1994 but t2at is i+te+dedt* be used i+ 199= .ay .eet t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e sta+dards *+a-erage, 3r*-ided t2at t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter satisies t2e gas*li+e5uality sur-ey 3rere5uisite duri+g 199=0 T2e 3r*-isi*+ urt2ers3e/iies t2at a+y su/2 a-erage /*.3lia+/e re*r.ulated gas*li+e .ustbe gr*u3ed it2 gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted duri+g 199= *r 3ur3*ses* /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s, as ell as re3*rti+g0 As a result * t2ere5uire.e+t t2at *r ea/2 3ara.eter *+ly t2e 3er(gall*+ *r *+ly t2ea-erage sta+dard .ay be used duri+g ea/2 a-eragi+g 3eri*d, t2e/*.3lia+/e a33r*a/2 used *r ea/2 3ara.eter i+ 1994 3er(gall*+ -s0a-erage; .ust als* be used *r all * 199=0 E!A belie-es t2is a33r*a/2 *r a-erage /*.3lia+/e gas*li+e 3r*du/edi+ 1994 is a33r*3riate, be/ause it re3rese+ts t2e alter+ati-e t2at3reser-es t2e *33*rtu+ity *r rei+ers a+d i.3*rters t* .eet sta+dards*+ a-erage *r t2is /ateg*ry * gas*li+e, it2 t2e s.allest regulat*ryburde+ *r regulated 3arties a+d *r E!A0 E!A /*+sidered, a+d ree/ted,t2e alter+ati-e * all*i+g 3arties t* use *+ly t2e 3er(gall*+sta+dards duri+g 1994, be/ause * t2e ad-erse i.3a/t *+ leibility *su/2 a restri/ti*+0

E!A als* ree/ted t2e *3ti*+ * re5uiri+g t2at a-erage sta+dards.ust be .et se3arately *r gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted duri+g19940J'!K)1 E!A belie-es t2ere *uld be +* sig+ii/a+t e+-ir*+.e+tal/*+se5ue+/e * /*.bi+i+g 1994(gas*li+e it2 199=(gas*li+e *r a-eragi+g3ur3*ses, but t2at t2e regulat*ry burde+ * se3arate a//*u+ti+g *r1994(gas*li+e *uld be sig+ii/a+t0 T2e si.3le .*del sta+dards t2at



ill a33ly *r gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted duri+g 1994 are li.ited t**yge+, be+7e+e, a+d t*i/s e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e, be/ause t2isgas*li+e ill +*t be VO"(/*+tr*lled0 T2ese 3ara.eters are regulatedbe/ause * t*i/ 3*lluti*+ /*+/er+s, a+d 2a-e t2e relati-ely l*+ga-eragi+g 3eri*d * tel-e .*+t2s be/ause t2e t2reat * t*i/ 3*lluti*+

is l*+g(ter., /u.ulati-e i+ +ature0 E!A belie-es t2at /*.bi+i+g t2eli.ited -*lu.e * 1994(gas*li+e it2 199=(gas*li+e is /*+siste+t it2t2e l*+g(ter. a-eragi+g a33r*a/2 t* t*i/s ge+erally0

P)P1 A rei+er *r i.3*rter 2* 3r*du/es *r i.3*rts re*r.ulatedgas*li+e usi+g t2e a-erage sta+dards, but 2* uses *+ly t2e 3ergall*+sta+dards duri+g 199=, *uld be re5uired t* .eet t2e a-eragesta+dards usi+g t2e 1994(gas*li+e *+ly0

VIII0 A+ti(8u.3i+g Re5uire.e+ts *r "*+-e+ti*+al #as*li+e

A0 I+tr*du/ti*+

'e/ti*+ @11;&; * t2e A/t re5uires t2at a-erage 3er gall*+e.issi*+s * s3e/iied 3*lluta+ts r*. +*+(re*r.ulated i0e0,/*+-e+ti*+al; gas*li+e use .ust +*t deteri*rate relati-e t* e.issi*+sr*. 199% gas*li+e, *+ a rei+erJ'!K)@ basis0 "*.3lia+/e is .easuredby /*.3ari+g e.issi*+s * a rei+er?s /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e agai+stt2*se * a baseli+e gas*li+e0 A+ i+di-idual baseli+e, /*+sisti+g *uel 3ara.eters a+d e.issi*+s, is de-el*3ed *r ea/2 rei+er based *+t2e 5uality * its 199% gas*li+e, alt2*ug2 u+der /ertai+ /ir/u.sta+/est2e i+di-idual baseli+e is t2e statut*ry baseli+e uel 3ara.eters a+de.issi*+s0 T* i.3le.e+t t2is re5uire.e+t, E!A is 3r*.ulgati+gre5uire.e+ts +*+ as t2e a+ti(du.3i+g 3r*-isi*+s *r /*+-e+ti*+algas*li+e 3r*du/ers a+d i.3*rters0 T2ese re5uire.e+ts a33ly t* all/*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e 3r*du/ers a+d i.3*rters 2et2er *r +*t t2ey als*3r*du/e *r i.3*rt re*r.ulated gas*li+e0

P)P@F*r ease i+ dis/ussi*+, t2e ter. >>rei+er??, as used i+t2is dis/ussi*+ * t2e a+ti(du.3i+g 3r*gra., ill 2ereater i+/luderei+ers, ble+ders a+d i.3*rters0 B2ere a33r*3riate, ble+ders a+di.3*rters ill be .e+ti*+ed s3e/ii/ally0

T2is se/ti*+ des/ribes t2e ey eatures * t2e a+ti(du.3i+g



3r*-isi*+s e/ludi+g t2e /*.3lia+/e a+d e+*r/e.e+t 3r*-isi*+sa33li/able t* /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e 2i/2 are dis/ussed i+ 'e/ti*+ I;0T2e re5uire.e+ts dis/ussed i+ t2is se/ti*+ are detailed 3ri.arily i+'e/0 &%09% t* 'e/0 &%09C i+ t2e a//*.3a+yi+g regulati*+s0 T2is se/ti*+als* 2ig2lig2ts .a*r /*..e+ts re/ei-ed *+ E!A?s 3r*3*sals i+ t2is area

a+d 2* t2is i+al rule diers r*. t2*se 3r*3*sals0 Additi*+alsu33*rti+g i+*r.ati*+ /a+ be *u+d i+ 'e/ti*+ VII * t2e ass*/iatedRegulat*ry I.3a/t A+alysis RIA;0

0 E.issi*+ Re5uire.e+ts

10 I+tr*du/ti*+@0 'e/ti*+ @11;&; * t2e A/t re5uires t2at E!A 3r*.ulgateC0 regulati*+s e+suri+g t2at, *r ea/2 rei+er, a-erage 3er gall*+40 e.issi*+s * VO", "O, NOJINFK a+d t*i/ air 3*lluta+ts r*. its=0 /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e d* +*t i+/rease *-er e.issi*+s r*. t2e gas*li+e60 i+tr*du/ed i+t* /*..er/e by t2at rei+er i+ /ale+dar year 199%0)0 E.issi*+s are t* be .easured *+ a .ass basis, a+d ea/2 * t2e *ur&0 3*lluta+ts is t* be /*+sidered se3arately0 I+/reases i+ NOJINFK90 e.issi*+s due t* *yge+ate use .ay be *set by e5ui-ale+t *r greater1%0.ass redu/ti*+s i+ t2e *t2er 3*lluta+ts0110 T2e regulati*+s 3r*.ulgated t*day address e2aust be+7e+e, t*tal1@0e2aust t*i/s a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s r*. /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e use01C0I+ additi*+, u+der t2e si.3le .*del, rei+er s3e/ii/ /a3s are set *r140sulur, *lei+s a+d T9%0 E!A is +*t 3r*.ulgati+g s3e/ii/ re5uire.e+ts1=0*r e.issi*+s * VO"s *r "O, as E!A belie-es t2at t2e regulati*+s1603r*.ulgated 2erei+, i+ /*+u+/ti*+ it2 -ari*us *t2er age+/y1)0regulati*+s a+d "lea+ Air A/t re5uire.e+ts, ill ade5uately .eet t2e1&0e.issi*+s li.its *r all *ur 3*lluta+ts s3e/iied i+ se/ti*+190@11;&;0 A detailed dis/ussi*+ * E!A?s reas*+s *r ad*3ti+g t2is@%0a33r*a/2 .ay be *u+d i+ t2e Age+/y?s <uly 9, 1991 3r*3*sal a+d, [email protected], i+ t2e RIA0@@0

@C0 'e/ti*+ @11;&; aut2*ri7es t2is a33r*a/2 as t2at 3r*-isi*+@40re5uires t2at E!A 3r*.ulgate regulati*+s >>e+suri+g?? t2at /*+-e+ti*+al@=0gas*li+e .eet /ertai+ re5uire.e+ts *+ a rei+er s3e/ii/ basis, but@60d*es +*t .a+date t2at E!A 3r*.ulgate regulati*+s *r ea/2 * t2e *ur@)03*lluta+t /ateg*ries0 T2is 3r*-isi*+ t2ere*re 3r*-ides E!A it2 t2e@&0dis/reti*+ t* as2i*+ a regulat*ry 3r*gra. t2at >>e+sures?? t2ese@90results0 B2ile a relati-ely straig2t*rard a33r*a/2 t* t2is *uldC%0i+-*l-e e.issi*+s re5uire.e+ts *r ea/2 * t2e *ur 3*lluta+tC10/ateg*ries, it +eed +*t i t2e regulat*ry 3r*gra. *t2erise a/2ie-esC@0t2e re5uired result0CC0

C40 B2ile t2e la+guage used by "*+gress i+ se/ti*+ @11;&;A;



C=0su33*rts t2is i+ter3retati*+, t2ere are se-eral *t2er 3r*-isi*+s i+C60se/ti*+ @11; 2ere "*+gress /learly s3e/iied t2at E!A 3r*.ulgateC)0-ari*us re5uire.e+ts, a+d su/2 la+guage is /*+s3i/u*usly .issi+g r*.C&0se/ti*+ @11;&;A;0 'ee, *r ea.3le, se/ti*+ @11;&;8; >>T2eC90Ad.i+istrat*r s2all 3r*.ulgate a+ a33r*3riate /*.3lia+/e 3eri*d S S

4%0S??;, se/ti*+ @11;1; >>regulati*+s s2all re5uire t2e greatest410redu/ti*+ i+ e.issi*+s S S S tai+g i+t* /*+siderati*+ S S S??;,4@0se/ti*+ @11;@; >>regulati*+s S S S s2all re5uire t2at re*r.ulated4C0gas*li+e /*.3ly it2 3aragra32 C; a+d S S S ea/2 * t2e *ll*i+g440re5uire.e+ts S S S??;, se/ti*+ @11;4;A; >>T2e regulati*+s S S S4=0s2all i+/lude [/ertii/ati*+ 3r*/edures] S S S??;, se/ti*+ @11;);460>>T2e regulati*+s S S S s2all 3r*-ide *r t2e gra+ti+g * a+4)0a33r*3riate a.*u+t * /redits S S S??;0 B2ile E!A re/ei-ed se-eral4&0/*..e+ts *+ t2e 3r*3*sed /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e re5uire.e+ts, +* *+e490disagreed it2 t2e ab*-e i+ter3retati*+ * E!A?s aut2*rity u+der=%0se/ti*+ @11;&;A;0=10

=@0=C0 E.issi*+ Re5uire.e+ts !ri*r t* <a+uary 1, 199&=40 !ri*r t* .a+dat*ry use * t2e /*.3le .*del *+ <a+uary 1, 199&, t2e==0re5uire.e+ts * se/ti*+ @11;&; * t2e A/t ill be .et by re5uiri+g=60t2at t2e a++ual a-erage e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s * a rei+er?s=)0/*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e +*t e/eed its baseli+e e2aust be+7e+e=&0e.issi*+s0 T2e e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s due t* /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e=90/a+ be deter.i+ed usi+g t2e si.3le .*del dis/ussed i+ 'e/ti*+ III0 O+ly6%0t2e ee/ts * uel be+7e+e a+d uel ar*.ati/ /*+te+t *+ e2aust610be+7e+e are i+/luded i+ t2is .*del06@0

6C0 B2e+ t2e si.3le .*del is used *r /*.3lia+/e, t2e a++ual a-erage640sulur, *lei+ a+d T9% -alues * a 3arty?s /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e /a++*t6=0e/eed its baseli+e -alues * t2*se 3ara.eters by .*re t2a+ @= 3er/e+t0660T2ese li.its ill 3r*-ide s*.e additi*+al assura+/e t2at /*+-e+ti*+al6)0gas*li+e e.issi*+s * t*i/s a+d NOJINFK ill +*t rise 3ri*r t* use *6&0t2e /*.3le .*del0 E!A d*es +*t e3e/t t2e le-els * t2ese 3ara.eters690i+ /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e t* +aturally i+/rease due t* t2e re*r.ulated)%0gas*li+e 3r*gra., si+/e t2e si.3le .*del *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e)10si.3ly /a3s t2ese t2ree uel 3ara.eters at t2eir baseli+e le-els a+d)@0d*es +*t re5uire t2eir redu/ti*+0)C0

)40 A rei+er .ay als* use t2e /*.3le .*del *r deter.i+i+g /*.3lia+/e)=03ri*r t* its .a+dat*ry use0 e/ause all * t2e uel 3ara.eters)60ae/ti+g e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s are 3art * t2e .*del be+7e+e,))0ar*.ati/s, RV!, sulur, *lei+s, EC%%, E@%%, a+d *yge+; t2ere is +*)&0+eed *r se3arate >>/a3s?? *+ uel 3ara.eters as ass*/iated it2 t2e



)90si.3le .*del0&%0

&10 A rei+er?s baseli+e e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s are deter.i+ed by&@0e-aluati+g t2e rei+er?s baseli+e uel 3ara.eter -alues i+ t2e .*del

&C0/2*se+ by t2e rei+er *r /*.3lia+/e0 At t2e e+d * a /*.3lia+/e&403eri*d, t2e a-erage uel 3ara.eter -alues * a rei+er?s /*+-e+ti*+al&=0gas*li+e *-er t2at 3eri*d are e-aluated i+ t2e sa.e /*.3lia+/e .*del&60used t* deter.i+e t2e rei+er?s baseli+e e.issi*+s0 T2e resulti+g&)0e.issi*+ -alues are t2e+ /*.3ared t* t2e baseli+e e.issi*+ -alues t*&&0deter.i+e i t2e 3arty is i+ *r *ut * /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e a+ti(du.3i+g&90re5uire.e+t0 B2ile t2ere as ge+eral su33*rt *r t2e regulat*ry9%0a33r*a/2 tae+ by E!A, se-eral /*..e+ters suggested s3e/ii/ re-isi*+s910t* t2e e.issi*+s re5uire.e+ts0 E!A?s res3*+ses are dis/ussed i+ t2e9@0RIA0 D*e-er, +*+e * t2e /*..e+ts /aused E!A t* /2a+ge its 3r*3*sed9C0re5uire.e+ts, a+d all * t2e ab*-e 3r*-isi*+s are bei+g 3r*.ulgated940esse+tially as 3r*3*sed09=0

960 E!A 2ad 3r*3*sed t2at 2ile a rei+er .ay /2**se t* use eit2er t2e9)0si.3le .*del *r t2e /*.3le .*del 3ri*r t* <a+uary 1, 199&, it .ust use9&0t2e sa.e .*del *r b*t2 t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d t2e a+ti(du.3i+g9903r*gra.s0 'e-eral /*..e+ters disagreed it2 t2is last restri/ti*+0 E!A1%%0 is, 2*e-er, 3r*.ulgati+g t2is re5uire.e+t as 3r*3*sed be/ause t2e1%10 a+ti(du.3i+g a+d re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*-isi*+s are i+2ere+tly tied1%@0 t*get2er0 T2e s3e/ii/ .*del used t* /ertiy re*r.ulated gas*li+e ill1%C0 ae/t 2i/2 uel /*.3*+e+ts are liely t* be du.3ed0 T* a-*id1%40 i+/e+ti-es t* du.3, t2e ee/t * t2ese /*.3*+e+ts *+ /*+-e+ti*+al1%=0 gas*li+e e.issi*+s s2*uld be e-aluated *+ t2e sa.e basis as t2e1%60 re*r.ulated gas*li+e e.issi*+s0 Ot2erise, i+/e+ti-es ill eist t*1%)0 s2it dirty /*.3*+e+ts t* /*+-e+ti*+al uel areas usi+g 2i/2e-er .*del1%&0 3redi/ts t2e l*est e.issi*+s i+/rease due t* t2*se /*.3*+e+ts01%9011%0 E.issi*+ Re5uire.e+ts egi++i+g <a+uary 1, 199&1110 egi++i+g <a+uary 1, 199&, t2e re5uire.e+ts * se/ti*+ @11;&; *11@0 t2e A/t s2all be .et by re5uiri+g t2at t2e e2aust t*i/ e.issi*+s a+d11C0 t2e NOJINFK e.issi*+s * a 3arty?s /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e +*t e/eed1140 t2at 3arty?s baseli+e e2aust t*i/ a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s0 "*.3lia+/e11=0 it2 t2is re5uire.e+t s2all be deter.i+ed usi+g t2e /*.3le .*del1160 des/ribed i+ 'e/ti*+ IV011)0

11&0 T2e e2aust t*i/s e.issi*+s re5uire.e+t u+der .a+dat*ry use * t2e1190 /*.3le .*del i+/ludes all i-e 3*lluta+ts dei+ed i+ se/ti*+1@%0 @11;1%;"; as t*i/s0 T2ese are e2aust be+7e+e, *r.alde2yde,1@10 a/etalde2yde, 1,C(butadie+e a+d !OM0 e+7e+e e.issi*+s *//ur i+ b*t21@@0 e2aust a+d +*+e2aust e.issi*+s, a+d a//*rdi+gly, se/ti*+



1@C0 @11;1%;"; d*es +*t li.it t2e t*i/ air 3*lluta+t be+7e+e t* e2aust1@40 be+7e+e0 D*e-er, as stated, E!A is *+ly 3r*.ulgati+g regulati*+s1@=0 a33li/able t* e2aust be+7e+e0 N*+e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s ill be1@60 ee/ti-ely /*+tr*lled by t2e su..erti.e -*latility /*+tr*ls a33li/able1@)0 t* /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e0J'!K)C T2e su. * t2e baseli+e e2aust

1@&0 e.issi*+s * ea/2 * t2e i-e t*i/s is t2e -alue t2at .ust +*t be1@90 e/eeded by t2e su. * t2e e2aust e.issi*+s * t2ese t*i/ 3*lluta+ts1C%0 due t* a rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s a++ual a-erage /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e01C10

1C@0

P)PC N* /redit /a+ be tae+ +*r 3e+alties re/ei-ed u+der t2ea+ti(du.3i+g 3r*gra. *r +*+e2aust be+7e+e redu/ti*+s, *ri+/reases0 N*+e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s de/rease due t* RV!

redu/ti*+s, 2i/2 are a VO" redu/ti*+ strategy already /*+sideredu+der t2e a+ti(du.3i+g 3r*gra. as t2e reas*+ *r +*t e3li/itly/*+tr*lli+g VO" e.issi*+s0

NOJINFK e.issi*+s r*. /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e use are als*/*+tr*lled begi++i+g <a+uary 1, 199&0 Alt2*ug2 E!A is /*+/er+ed t2at2ig2 *yge+ate le-els .ay /*+tribute t* i+/reased NOJINFK e.issi*+s,t2e A/t states t2at a+y NOJINFK e.issi*+s i+/rease i+ /*+-e+ti*+algas*li+e due t* *yge+ate use /a+ be *set by VO", "O a+d t*i/e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s0 E!A is addressi+g t2is 3r*-isi*+ * t2e A/t byall*i+g /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e a+ti(du.3i+g NOJINFK e.issi*+ re5uire.e+tt* be deter.i+ed *+ eit2er a +*+*yge+ated basis *r a+ *yge+atedbasis, as dis/ussed urt2er i+ 3aragra32 "0=0e * t2is se/ti*+0

"0 Re5uire.e+ts *r I+di-idual aseli+e 8eter.i+ati*+

10 I+tr*du/ti*+@0 "*.3lia+/e u+der se/ti*+ @11;&; * t2e A/t is .easured agai+stC0 a+ i+di-idual baseli+e /*.3rised * i+di-idual baseli+e uel 3ara.eter40 a+d e.issi*+ -alues; 2i/2 is deter.i+ed *r ea/2 rei+er i sui/ie+t=0 data eist r*. 2i/2 t* deter.i+e a baseli+e re3rese+tati-e * t2at60 rei+er?s 199% gas*li+e0 Additi*+ally, t2e A/t states t2at i +*)0 ade5uate *r reliable data eist regardi+g t2e gas*li+e s*ld by a&0 rei+er i+ 199%, t2e rei+er .ust use t2e statut*ry baseli+e gas*li+e90 uel 3ara.etersJ'!K)4 as its baseli+e uel 3ara.eters01%0



i.3*rt gas*li+e i+t* t2e 0'0 i+ 199%, but 2* d*es s* ater 1994,*uld als* 2a-e t2e a+ti(du.3i+g statut*ry baseli+e as its i+di-idualbaseli+e0 E!A 3r*3*sed t2at i a 0'0 i.3*rter is als* a rei+er a+di.3*rted )= 3er/e+t *r .*re * t2e 199% gas*li+e 3r*du/ti*+ * arei+ery i+t* t2e 0'0 i+ 199%, it /*uld deter.i+e a baseli+e *r t2at

rei+ery usi+g t2e t2ree data ty3es des/ribed i+ 3aragra32 C bel*0 M*st /*..e+ters agreed it2 E!A?s *-erall 3r*3*sal /*+/er+i+gi.3*rters0 '*.e elt, 2*e-er, t2at t2e >>)= 3er/e+t?? /riteria assel(sele/ti+g((*+ly t2*se i.3*rterLrei+ers it2 2ig2er baseli+ee.issi*+s relati-e t* t2e statut*ry baseli+e *uld /2**se t* de-el*3 a+i+di-idual baseli+e0 T2*se i.3*rterLrei+ers it2 relati-ely l*baseli+e e.issi*+s *uld use t2e statut*ry baseli+e, a+d t2us du.3i+g/*uld result, si+/e t2ey *uld be /*.3lyi+g it2 a baseli+e 2i/2 asless stri+ge+t t2a+ *+e based *+ t2eir *+ 199% gas*li+e 5uality0 E!Aagrees t2at >>du.3i+g?? /*uld *//ur, but e3e/ts it t* be .i+i.al si+/ee i.3*rti+g rei+eries are liely t* .eet t2e >>)= 3er/e+t??/riteria0 N*+et2eless, E!A is re5uiri+g t2at all i.3*rters 2i/2 areals* rei+ers utili7e Met2*d 1(, @( a+d C(ty3e data t* deter.i+e t2ei+di-idual baseli+es * t2eir rei+eries 2i/2 .eet t2e )= 3er/e+t/riteria0

O+e /*..e+ter /lai.ed t2at l*/ati*+, +*t 3er/e+t * 3r*du/ti*+i.3*rted, di/tates e+*r/eability0 D*e-er, E!A belie-es t2ate+*r/e.e+t * a +*+(d*.esti/ rei+ery is g*-er+ed less by l*/ati*+ a+d.*re by t2e illi+g+ess * t2e /*.3a+y a+dL*r /*u+try t* *3e+ itsrei+ery *r /*.3lia+/e -isitati*+s0 A+*t2er /*..e+ter s3e/ii/allystated t2at "a+adia+ rei+eries s2*uld be treated t2e sa.e as d*.esti/rei+eries *r t2e 3ur3*se * establis2i+g baseli+es0 As stated, E!Abelie-es t2at it ill be relati-ely easy t* a//urately deter.i+e t2e5uality * t2e gas*li+e 3r*du/ed i+ 199% at a rei+ery *utside * t2e0'0, *r sale t* t2e 0'0, i a sig+ii/a+t a.*u+t i0e0, )= 3er/e+t;* t2e 3r*du/ti*+ * t2e rei+ery /a.e t* t2e 0'0 I+de3e+de+t * 2eret2e rei+ery is l*/ated, i less t2a+ t2is a.*u+t as i.3*rted, it illbe .*re dii/ult t* /*.bi+e i+*r.ati*+ *+ rei+ery *3erati*+s a+dble+dst*/ a+d gas*li+e data i0e0, Met2*ds @ a+d C(ty3e data; a+dall*/ate su/2 i+*r.ati*+ s* as t* establis2 t2e 5uality * t2erei+ery?s 199% gas*li+e 2i/2 as se+t t* t2e 0'0 '*.e /*..e+ters elt t2at a+ i.3*rter s2*uld be all*ed t* use alla-ailable 199% a+d later data t* establis2 a baseli+e a+d 2a-e itsbaseli+e -eriied by a+ audit*r0 D*e-er, as stated i+ t2e 3r*3*sals,E!A belie-es t2at sig+ii/a+t du.3i+g /*uld *//ur i 3*st(199% data isall*ed si+/e t2at data .ay +*t re3rese+t t2e i.3*rter?s 199% gas*li+e0E!A is t2us 3r*.ulgati+g t2is esse+tially 3r*-isi*+ as 3r*3*sed0 d0 Re5uire.e+ts *r e3*rters * gas*li+e0 E!A?s 3r*3*sals did +*te3li/itly dis/uss 2et2er gas*li+e e3*rted r*. t2e 0'0 i+ 199%*uld be i+/luded i+ i+di-idual baseli+e deter.i+ati*+s0 D*e-er,



be/ause e3*rted gas*li+e did +*t /*+tribute t* 3*lluti*+ i+ t2e 0'0i+ 199%, a 3r*du/er * gas*li+e e3*rted r*. t2e 0'0 i+ 199% s2all+*t i+/lude t2e e3*rted gas*li+e 3r*3erties *r -*lu.es i+ its baseli+edeter.i+ati*+0 A rei+er 2i/2 e3*rts all * its uture gas*li+e*utside * t2e 0'0 is +*t sube/t t* t2e a+ti(du.3i+g re5uire.e+ts0

C0 Ty3es * 8ata

a0 I+tr*du/ti*+0 As dis/ussed i+ t2e <uly 9, 1991 3r*3*sal, E!A is/*+/er+ed t2at use * t2e statut*ry baseli+e 3ara.eters i+ lieu *deter.i+i+g a+ i+di-idual baseli+e /*uld 2a-e se-ere /*.3etiti-eee/ts0 At t2e sa.e ti.e, E!A reali7es t2at t2ere liely ill bei+sui/ie+t dire/tly .easured 199% uel 3ara.eter data a-ailable r*.2i/2 t* deter.i+e re3rese+tati-e i+di-idual baseli+e 3ara.eters0 T2us,i+ *rder t* .ae t2e best use * a-ailable data i+ de-el*3i+gre3rese+tati-e i+di-idual baseli+es, E!A is s3e/iyi+g t2e ty3es *data a+d /al/ulati*+s t2at .ay be used i+ t2e baseli+e deter.i+ati*+0 I+ t2e 3r*3*sals, t2ree .et2*ds Met2*ds 1, @ a+d C; ere des/ribed*r rei+ers t* use t* deter.i+e t2eir baseli+e 3ara.eter -alues0Met2*d 1(ty3e data /*+sists * a rei+er?s .easured uel 3ara.eter-alue a+d -*lu.e re/*rds * its 199% gas*li+e0 As dis/ussed i+ t2e RIA,Met2*d 1(ty3e data /a+ be r*. 199% 3r*du/ti*+ *r 199% s2i3.e+ts asl*+g as +* data is d*uble /*u+ted a+d all a-ailable 3r*du/ti*+ a+ds2i3.e+t data are used i+ t2e baseli+e deter.i+ati*+0 Met2*d @(ty3edata /*+sists * a rei+er?s 199% gas*li+e ble+dst*/ /*.3*siti*+ dataa+d 199% gas*li+e a+d ble+dst*/ 3r*du/ti*+ re/*rds0 Met2*d C(ty3e data/*+sists * a rei+er?s 3*st(199% ble+dst*/ /*.3*siti*+ data a+d 199%gas*li+e a+d ble+dst*/ 3r*du/ti*+ re/*rds0 F*r b*t2 Met2*ds @ a+d C,t2ese 3r*-isi*+s a33ly t* t2*se ble+dst*/s used i+ t2e 3r*du/ti*+ *gas*li+e it2i+ t2e rei+ery0 +der /ertai+ /ir/u.sta+/es, Met2*d C(ty3e data .ay /*+sist * 3*st(199% gas*li+e /*.3*siti*+ data as ell0 N* .a*r /*..e+ts ere re/ei-ed +egati+g t2e a33r*3riate+ess *utili7i+g t2ese t2ree .et2*ds *r data ty3es0 A e .i+*r /*..e+ts eresub.itted 2i/2 are addressed i+ t2e RIA0 'e-eral /*..e+ters didre5uest t2at E!A all* /*.bi+ati*+s * Met2*ds 1, @ a+d C(ty3e data t*be used i+ baseli+e deter.i+ati*+, i+ *rder t* i.3r*-e t2e use *a-ailable data a+d t2us de-el*3 .*re a//urate a+d re3rese+tati-e 199%i+di-idual baseli+es0 E!A agrees t2at a .*re re3rese+tati-e baseli+eill result i a /*.bi+ati*+ * 2ig2er a+d l*er le-els * data is usedrat2er t2a+ e/ludi+g t2e better data i0e0, Met2*d 1; due t* it bei+gi+ade5uate by itsel0 E!A 2ad 3r*3*sed t2at t2e diere+t ty3es * data.ust be used i+ a 2ierar/2i/al *rder, i0e0, Met2*d 1(ty3e data 2as t*be used irst, a+d i i+sui/ie+t Met2*d 1(ty3e data as a-ailable *ra gi-e+ uel 3ara.eter, Met2*d @(ty3e data *uld be used, et/0 E!A is.*diyi+g t2e 3r*3*sals t* all* baseli+e 3ara.eter -alues t* bedeter.i+ed usi+g a /*.bi+ati*+ * t2e .et2*ds, *r data ty3es, i+e/essary, alt2*ug2 t2e sa.e 2ierar/2y .ust be .ai+tai+ed0 T2us,



i+sui/ie+t Met2*d 1(ty3e data .ay be su33le.e+ted it2 Met2*d @(ty3edata a+d, i data ere still la/i+g, t2e a-ailable Met2*d 1 a+d @(ty3edata *uld be su33le.e+ted it2 Met2*d C(ty3e data0 b0 I+/lusi*+ * gas*li+e ble+dst*/0 Alt2*ug2 +*t s3e/iied i+ t2e3r*3*sals, E!A is re5uiri+g t2at gas*li+e ble+dst*/ 2i/2 be/*.es

gas*li+e 3er 4% "FR &%0@/;; s*lely u3*+ t2e additi*+ * a s3e/ii/ty3e a+d a.*u+t * *yge+ate, be i+/luded i+ t2e baseli+edeter.i+ati*+0 +less e-ide+/e is 3r*-ided 2i/2 i+di/ates t2at su/2ble+dst*/ as ble+ded it2 *yge+ate *t2er t2a+ et2a+*l *r less t2a+1%0% -*lu.e 3er/e+t et2a+*l, *r as +*t urt2er .*diied d*+strea.,t2e rei+er s2all assu.e t2at said ble+dst*/s ere ble+ded it2 te+1%0%; -*lu.e 3er/e+t et2a+*l0 T2is re5uire.e+t 3r*-ides s*.e assura+/et2at baseli+e e.issi*+s are +*t artii/ially l* due t* sele/ti-ei+/lusi*+ *r e/lusi*+ * su/2 ble+dst*/0 Re5uiri+g t2at t2eble+dst*/ be assu.ed t* 2a-e bee+ ble+ded it2 a s3e/ii/ a.*u+t *et2a+*l u+less *t2erise s2*+; ill result i+ a .*re stri+ge+tbaseli+e t2a+ i t2e ble+dst*/ ere assu.ed ble+ded it2 a l*er-*lu.e * et2a+*l, a diere+t *yge+ate *r +*t urt2er .*diied0De+/e, t2e burde+ * 3r** * a/tual dis3*siti*+ * su/2 3r*du/t is *+t2e rei+er0

/0 Met2*d C additi*+al i+*r.ati*+0 I+ *rder t2at t2e uel3ara.eter -alues *btai+ed it2 Met2*d C(ty3e data ade5uately re3rese+tt2e 199% -alues * t2*se 3ara.eters, E!A 3r*3*sed t2at t2e rei+er .ust3r*-ide detailed d*/u.e+tati*+ * its 199% a+d 3*st(199% rei+ery*3erati*+s, i+/ludi+g /*.3ari+g 199% a+d 3*st(199% *3erati*+s,i+ter.ediates a+d 3r*du/ts, a+d *t2er as3e/ts * rei+ery *3erati*+s2i/2 *uld /ause its 3*st(199% gas*li+e t* dier r*. its 199%gas*li+e0 F*r i+sta+/e, i 3*st(1991 data is used, a33r*3riateadust.e+ts .ust be .ade *r t2e rei+ery *3erati*+al /2a+ges t2at*//urred due t* t2e 199@ -*latility rules a+d t2e *yge+ated uels3r*gra., t* situati*+s 2i/2 /*uld /ause 3*st(199% *3erati*+s t*dier r*. 199% *3erati*+s0 T2e re5uired d*/u.e+tati*+ ill assist t2ebaseli+e audit*r i+ its -erii/ati*+ a+d E!A i+ its re-ie * t2erei+er?s baseli+e sub.issi*+0 T2is 3r*-isi*+ is bei+g 3r*.ulgated as3r*3*sed0

E!A 3r*3*sed t* all* 3*st(199% gas*li+e data t* be used t*esti.ate 199% baseli+e 3ara.eters u+der /ertai+ /ir/u.sta+/es0 I+additi*+ t* re5uiri+g t2e sa.e detailed d*/u.e+tati*+ * 199% a+d 3*st(199% *3erati*+s as ab*-e, i+ t2e February @6, 199C 3r*3*sal, E!As3e/iied t2at t2e -*lu.etri/ ra/ti*+ * ea/2 ble+dst*/ i+ 3*st(199%gas*li+e .ust be it2i+ te+ 1%0%; 3er/e+t * t2e -*lu.etri/ ra/ti*+* t2e sa.e ble+dst*/ i+ 199% gas*li+e0 F*r ea.3le, i a rei+er?s199% gas*li+e /*+tai+ed C% -*lu.e 3er/e+t re*r.ate, 3*st(199% gas*li+e



data .ay be used i+ t2e baseli+e deter.i+ati*+ as l*+g as it /*+tai+ed@)0%(CC0% -*lu.e 3er/e+t re*r.ate a+d 3r*-ided all *t2er ble+dst*/sals* /*+*r.ed t* t2ese re5uire.e+ts0

E!A re/ei-ed .a+y /*..e+ts stati+g t2at t2e use * 3*st(199%gas*li+e data as .*re a//urate, a+d less /*stly, t2a+ usi+g 3*st(199%ble+dst*/ data0 E!A agrees, a+d is all*i+g t2e use * gas*li+e datau+der /ertai+ /ir/u.sta+/es, as dis/ussed bel*0 "*..e+ters als*suggested t2at -erii/ati*+ * diere+/es a+d si.ilarities betee+199% a+d 3*st(199% *3erati*+s a+d t2e resulti+g gas*li+e s2*uld be lett* t2e baseli+e audit*r rat2er t2a+ /*.3ared t* s3e/ii/ /riteria0B2ile t2e audit*r ill -eriy t2e /*.3aris*+ * 199% a+d 3*st(199%*3erati*+s, et/0, all issues -eriied by t2e audit*r ill als* bere-ieed by E!A0 I+ additi*+ t* t2e te/2+i/al reas*+s dis/ussed bel*,s3e/iyi+g su/2 /riteria i0e0, t2e >>1% 3er/e+t?? /riteri*+; ille+sure t2e u+i*r.ity * b*t2 audit*r a+d E!A e-aluati*+s a+d-erii/ati*+s0

As dis/ussed i+ t2e RIA, u+less 3*st(199% ble+dst*/ ra/ti*+s aresui/ie+tly si.ilar t* 199% ble+dst*/ ra/ti*+s, adust.e+ts *rdiere+/es ill 2a-e t* be .ade at t2e ble+dst*/ le-el, .ai+g a+ygas*li+e data .**t0 arger diere+/es t2a+ 1% 3er/e+t i+ large strea.ssu/2 as re*r.ate /*uld ae/t *-erall ar*.ati/ le-els by u3 t* C-*lu.e 3er/e+t, 2i/2 is /learly sig+ii/a+t0 F*r s.aller strea.s,2*e-er, a 1% 3er/e+t /2a+ge /*uld be i+sig+ii/a+t0 T2ere*re, E!A ise3a+di+g its /riteria by all*i+g 3*st(199% gas*li+e ble+dst*/s t*.eet t2e larger * 1; t2e 1% 3er/e+t /riteri*+, *r @; be it2i+ t*abs*lute -*lu.e 3er/e+t * t2e ble+dst*/ -*lu.etri/ ra/ti*+ i+ 199%gas*li+e0 As dis/ussed i+ t2e RIA, t2is .ea+s * utili7i+g 3*st(199%gas*li+e s2*uld ade5uately /*-er ty3i/al lu/tuati*+s i+ b*t2 large a+ds.all -*lu.e ble+dst*/s it2*ut u+duly sa/rii/i+g a//ura/y0 !*st(199% gas*li+e data *r 2i/2 a si+gle 199% ble+dst*/ d*es +*t.eet eit2er * t2e ble+dst*/ ra/ti*+ re5uire.e+ts /a++*t be used i+t2e baseli+e deter.i+ati*+0 D*e-er, E!A als* re/ei-ed /*..e+t t2at.a+y rei+ers *uld +*t be able t* use 3*st(199% gas*li+e data, e-e+it2 t2e e3a+ded /riteria, si.3ly due t* buta+e utili7ati*+ /2a+gesr*. 199%0 e/ause buta+e, a+d t2us RV!, ere redu/ed ater 199% due t*-*latility /*+tr*ls, a+d be/ause RV! redu/ti*+s redu/e e.issi*+s, E!Ais ee.3ti+g buta+e r*. t2e ble+dst*/ re5uire.e+ts *r usi+g 3*st(199% gas*li+e0

d0 E@%% a+d EC%%0 Alt2*ug2 +*t 3re-i*usly i+/luded a.*+g t2e uel3ara.eters *r 2i/2 baseli+e -alues are re5uired t* be deter.i+ed, E!Ais +* re5uiri+g t2at baseli+e -alues be deter.i+ed *r t2e uel



3ara.eters E@%% a+d EC%%, t2e 3er/e+t e-a3*rated at @%% deg0F a+d C%%deg0F, res3e/ti-ely0 Alt2*ug2 t2ese t* uel 3ara.eters re3la/e T=% a+dT9%, res3e/ti-ely, i+ t2e /*.3le .*del, T9% baseli+e -alues are stillre5uired t* be deter.i+ed *r use 3ri*r t* .a+dat*ry /*.3le .*del use0 E!A e3e/ts E@%% a+d EC%% -alues t* be deter.i+ed dire/tly r*.

gas*li+e *r ble+dst*/ data, e-e+ i distillati*+ i+*r.ati*+ 2as t* beregra32ed0 I su/2 a deter.i+ati*+ is +*t 3*ssible, E@%% a+d EC%%-alues .ay be esti.ated r*. *t2erise a//e3table T=% a+d T9% datausi+g t2e e5uati*+s s3e/iied i+ t2e regulati*+s0 T2us, t2is additi*+ill +*t -*id a+y data /*lle/ted u+der t2e 3r*3*sed /riteria0 e0 A+ti(du.3i+g statut*ry baseli+e0 As .e+ti*+ed earlier, i+ s*.e/ases a ble+der *r i.3*rter .ay +*t be able, *r be all*ed, t* de-el*3a+ i+di-idual baseli+e r*. its *+ data0 I+ t2at /ase, t2e rei+er *ri.3*rter *uld 2a-e t2e statut*ry baseli+e as its i+di-idual baseli+e0

Alt2*ug2 t2e /*.3lia+/e 3eri*d *r /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e is a++ual asdis/ussed i+ t2e 3r*3*sals a+d as des/ribed i+ se/ti*+ I;, e.issi*+sdeter.i+ed usi+g t2e /*.3le .*dels are deter.i+ed *+ a su..er a+di+ter basis0 T2us, t2ere are se3arate a+ti(du.3i+g su..er a+d i+terbaseli+e uel 3ara.eters, 2i/2 are t2e statut*ry su..er baseli+es3e/iied i+ t2e A/t, a+d t2e i+ter baseli+e deter.i+ed by E!A asre5uired by t2e A/t0 Fe /*..e+ts ere re/ei-ed /*+/er+i+g t2e 3r*3*seda++ual a-erage statut*ry baseli+e 2i/2 is a eig2ted a-erage * t2estatut*ry su..er a+d i+ter baseli+es, as dis/ussed i+ t2e 3r*3*sals;0N*+e * t2e /*..e+ts led t* a /2a+ge i+ t2e a++ual a-erage baseli+euel 3ara.eter -alues0

40 8ata "*lle/ti*+ a+d Testi+g Re5uire.e+ts a0 'a.3li+g re5uire.e+ts0 I+ t2e February @6, 199C 3r*3*sal, E!A3r*3*sed .i+i.u. sa.3li+g re5uire.e+ts i+ *rder t* e+sure t2at e+*ug2gas*li+e *r ble+dst*/ sa.3les ere tae+ r*. 2i/2 t* de-el*3 are3rese+tati-e baseli+e0 Na.ely, *r Met2*d 1(ty3e data, at least 2al* t2e bat/2es by +u.ber * bat/2es, +*t -*lu.e;, *r s2i3.e+ts i +*tbat/2 ble+ded, i+ a /ale+dar .*+t2 s2all 2a-e bee+ tested *r a3arti/ular 3ara.eter0 F*r Met2*ds @ a+d C(ty3e data, at least eelysa.3li+g * /*+ti+u*us ble+dst*/ strea.s a+d, i ble+dst*/s are3r*du/ed *+ a bat/2 basis, sa.3li+g * at least 2al * t2e bat/2es *ea/2 ble+dst*/ 3r*du/ed i+ a .*+t2 is re5uired0 Ma+y rei+i+g i+dustry /*..e+ters 3r*tested t2is 3r*3*sal /lai.i+gt2at t2ey 2ad sa.3led based *+ t2e A3ril 16, 199@ 3r*3*sal re5uiri+g>>sui/ie+t?? sa.3li+g, a+d t2at E!A?s .*re s3e/ii/ re5uire.e+t /*uld-*id data /*lle/ted, a+d t2e ti.e a+d .*+ey s3e+t0 E!A agrees t2at t2esui/ie+t re5ue+/y * sa.3li+g .ay -ary a//*rdi+g t* /ir/u.sta+/esu/2 as t2e degree * -ariati*+ i+ *3erati+g /*+diti*+s;, a+d is.*diyi+g its latest 3r*3*sal by a//e3ti+g, u+der /ertai+/ir/u.sta+/es, data 2i/2 d*es +*t .eet t2e re5uire.e+ts s3e/iiedab*-e0 D*e-er, i less t2a+ t2e .i+i.u. data is used, t2e rei+er .ust



d*/u.e+t, a+d t2e audit*r -eriy, 2y t2e data is less t2a+ t2e .i+i.u.re5uire.e+ts a+d 2y it is sui/ie+t i+ 5ua+tity a+d 5uality t* use i+t2e baseli+e deter.i+ati*+0 E!A retai+s t2e rig2t t* ree/t use * lesst2a+ t2e .i+i.u. data i t2e d*/u.e+tati*+ is i+/*.3lete *r t2e

ustii/ati*+ +*t te/2+i/ally s*u+d0 I+ all /ases,J'!K)= all a-ailable

sa.3les .ust be a+aly7ed a+d t2e results used i+ baseli+e deter.i+ati*+i .*re t2a+ t2e .i+i.u. +u.ber * sa.3les are a-ailable0

P)P= I+ i+sta+/es 2ere a sa.3le as .islabeled *r i.3r*3erlytested *r 2ere a+ a+alysis results i+ a -alue 2i/2 issig+ii/a+tly diere+t r*. e3e/ted -alues based *+ *3erati+g/*+diti*+s, et/0, t2e result .ay be e/luded r*. t2e baseli+e/al/ulati*+0 D*e-er, all i+sta+/es * su/2 e/lusi*+ .ust bed*/u.e+ted a+d -eriied by t2e audit*r0

Additi*+ally, E!A is 3r*.ulgati+g its 3r*3*sal t* re5uire at leastt2ree .*+t2s *rt2 * b*t2 su..er a+d i+ter data0 As dis/ussed i+ t2eRIA, t2is re5uire.e+t e+sures t2at t2e /*lle/ted data /*-ers t2ety3i/al /2a+ges i+ gas*li+e /*.3*siti*+ 2i/2 *//urs a/r*ss seas*+s0

Alt2*ug2 +*t e3li/itly stated i+ t2e 3r*3*sal, t* better disti+guis2betee+ su..er a+d i+ter, su..er .*+t2s s2all /*+sist * a+y .*+t2 i+2i/2 gas*li+e as 3r*du/ed t* .eet t2e ederal su..er -*latilityre5uire.e+ts0 It is +*t +e/essary *r su/2 l* -*latility uel t* be3r*du/ed *r t2e e+tire .*+t20 Bi+ter .*+t2s are a+y .*+t2s 2i/2 /*uld+*t be /*+sidered su..er .*+t2s0

b0 !*st(i+al rule data /*lle/ti*+0 Fe /*..e+ts ere re/ei-ed *+t2e February @6, 199C 3r*3*sal t2at i a rei+er /*lle/ts data ater3r*.ulgati*+ * t2ese regulati*+s, t2e data .ust be /*lle/ted +* latert2a+ t2e e+d * t2e t2ird .*+t2 * t2e irst t2ree ull .*+t2s duri+g2i/2 su..er gas*li+e is 3r*du/ed by t2e rei+er *ll*i+g 3r*.ulgati*+* t2e i+al rule0 E!A is .*diyi+g t2is 3r*-isi*+ slig2tly, re5uiri+g*+ly t2at 3r** .ust be gi-e+ t2at additi*+al data as +eeded a+di+deed as /*lle/ted ater t*day0

/0 Negligible 3ara.eter -alues0 O+ February @6, 199C, E!A 3r*3*sedt* ee.3t rei+ery strea.s r*. testi+g *r *+e *r .*re s3e/ii/3ara.eters i a strea. /*+tai+s +egligible a.*u+ts * t2*se 3ara.eters0T2e ae/ted uel 3ara.eters are be+7e+e, ar*.ati/s, *lei+s a+dsulur0 E!A als* 3r*3*sed t2res2*ld /riteria *r ea/2 uel 3ara.eter,i0e0, t2e a.*u+t * t2e uel 3ara.eter i+ a strea. at *r bel* 2i/2



t2e 3ara.eter *uld be /*+sidered +egligible0 E!A 2as /2a+ged t2e-alues * s*.e * t2e t2res2*ld /riteria based *+ /*..e+t0'3e/ii/ally, t2e be+7e+e t2res2*ld -alue as redu/ed a+d t2e sulurt2res2*ld -alue i+/reased0 A ull dis/ussi*+ * t2ese /2a+ges /a+ be*u+d i+ t2e RIA t2e a/tual -alues are als* listed i+ 'e/0 &%0910

Oyge+ as added t* t2e list * 3ara.eters t2at .ay be /*+sidered+egligible u+der /ertai+ /ir/u.sta+/es0 Ot2er t2a+ t2*se .*dii/ati*+s,t2e re5uire.e+ts are bei+g 3r*.ulgated as 3r*3*sed0 d0 Test .et2*ds0 Ma+y /*..e+ters ere /*+/er+ed t2at t2e test.et2*ds t2ey 2ad used t* a+aly7e sa.3les *uld be i+-alid be/ause t2eyere +*t t2e sa.e as t2e re5uired test .et2*ds bei+g 3r*.ulgated t*day*r re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 E!A 2ad 3r*3*sed, *+ A3ril 16, 199@, t2atsa.3li+g a+d .easure.e+t te/2+i5ues used t* deter.i+e baseli+e3ara.eters .ust yield results 2i/2 are e5ui-ale+t t* t2e results*btai+ed 3er t2e te/2+i5ues a+d .et2*d*l*gies s3e/iied *r t2ere*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.0 D*e-er, be/ause * /*+sta+tly e-*l-i+gtest .et2*ds, i+ additi*+ t* t2e a/t t2at t2e i+al regulati*+s/*+/er+i+g re*r.ulated gas*li+e test .et2*ds ill *+ly be +*+ t*day,it *uld be i+a33r*3riate t* disall* data be/ause it as +*t testeda//*rdi+g t* /ertai+ .et2*ds 2e+ t2ere ere +* re5uire.e+ts t* d* s*0N*+et2eless, E!A is /*+/er+ed t2at t2e test .et2*ds used be ade5uate0I+ a .*dii/ati*+ * t2e 3r*3*sal, E!A ill a//e3t data deter.i+edusi+g .et2*ds *t2er t2a+ t2*se re5uired u+der t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e3r*gra., u3*+ 3etiti*+ a+d a33r*-al, as l*+g as t2e .et2*d*l*gy *rte/2+i5ue as a sta+dard i+dustry(a//e3ted .easure.e+t te/2+i5ue at t2eti.e t2e .easure.e+t as tae+0 I data t* be used i+ t2e baseli+edeter.i+ati*+ as, s*.e2*, *btai+ed -ia a .*re a//urate test .et2*d3ri*r sub.issi*+ * t2e baseli+e t* E!A, it .ay be a//e3table0 T2ebaseli+e audit*r ill -eriy t2at t2e te/2+i5ues used t* deter.i+e t2ebaseli+e data .eet t2e re5uire.e+ts dis/ussed ab*-e0 Alt2*ug2 +*t3re-i*usly dis/ussed, E!A is all*i+g *yge+ /*+te+t, as ell as*yge+ate -*lu.e, t* be deter.i+ed r*. *yge+ate ble+di+g re/*rds0 T2e/*.3*siti*+ * t2e *yge+ate, it2 regard t* t2e *t2er re5uired uel3ara.eters, .ust still be deter.i+ed0

=0 aseli+e Fuel !ara.eter 8eter.i+ati*+ a0 "l*sely i+tegrated gas*li+e 3r*du/i+g a/ilities0 ased *+earlier /*..e+ts, *+ February @6, 199C E!A 3r*3*sed t* all* ble+di+ga/ilities *r ter.i+al *3erati*+s; t* be i+/luded i+ a rei+ery?sbaseli+e deter.i+ati*+ i a /l*sely i+tegrated relati*+s2i3 /*uld bes2*+ betee+ t2e rei+ery a+d t2e ter.i+al0 E!A als* re5uested/*..e+ts as t* 2at /riteria *uld /*+stitute >>/l*sely i+tegrated??0Ma+y /*..e+ters su33*rted all*i+g a si+gle baseli+e *r su/2 asituati*+0 Re5uiri+g 6%()= 3er/e+t * a ble+di+g a/ility?s ble+dst*/st* 2a-e /*.e r*. a si+gle rei+ery as suggested *r dei+i+g a/l*sely i+tegrated rei+ery(ter.i+al relati*+s2i30 E!A is 3r*.ulgati+g



t2e 3r*3*sal it2 t2e re5uire.e+t t2at at least )= 3er/e+t * t2eble+dst*/ re/ei-ed at t2e ter.i+al i+ 199% .ust 2a-e /*.e r*. t2eass*/iated rei+ery0 E!A belie-es t2is is a reas*+able +u.ber, ase3lai+ed i+ t2e RIA, /*+sideri+g t2at *yge+ates a+d buta+e, a.*+g*t2ers, are ble+ded i+t* gas*li+e ater t2e rei+ery, 2ile

/*+stituti+g .u/2 less t2a+ @% 3er/e+t * gas*li+e by -*lu.e0 I+ t2e /ase * a+ aggregate rei+er baseli+e, as dis/ussed i+3aragra32 60d, a ter.i+al *r ter.i+als .ay be i+/luded i+ t2e aggregatebaseli+e i ea/2 ter.i+al re/ei-ed at least )= 3er/e+t * itsble+dst*/ r*. *+e *r .*re * t2e aggregated rei+eries it2 2i/2 itis ass*/iated0 F*r i+sta+/e, t2e )= /riteria is satisied i t2eter.i+al re/ei-ed @= 3er/e+t * its 199% ble+dst*/ r*. rei+ery A a+d=% 3er/e+t r*. rei+ery , rei+ery A a+d bei+g 3art * a+ aggregatebaseli+e0 Alter+ati-ely, it .ay als* 2a-e re/ei-ed t2e e+tire )=3er/e+t r*. eit2er rei+ery A *r 0

Alt2*ug2 +*t 3re-i*usly 3r*3*sed, s*.e /*..e+ts ere re/ei-edregardi+g *t2er ty3es * /l*sely i+tegrated a/ility relati*+s2i3s0 E!Ais t2us all*i+g a si+gle i+di-idual baseli+e t* be deter.i+ed *r t**r .*re rei+eries *r sets * gas*li+e ble+dst*/(3r*du/i+g u+its;2i/2 are ge*gra32i/ally +ear ea/2 *t2er but are +*t it2i+ a si+glerei+ery gate, a+d 2*se 199% *3erati*+s ere sig+ii/a+tlyi+ter/*++e/ted0 T2e burde+ is 3la/ed *+ t2e rei+er t* s2* t2at itst* a/ilities are >>sig+ii/a+tly i+ter/*++e/ted??0 I+ t2is /ase, t2et* a/ilities ill 2a-e a si+gle set * baseli+e 3ara.eter -alues a+dass*/iated e.issi*+s0

'*.e /*..e+ters suggested t2at 0'0 rei+ers it2 i.3*rt *3erati*+sals* be all*ed t* de-el*3 a si+gle baseli+e /*-eri+g t2eir rei+i+ga+d i.3*rti+g *3erati*+s0 E!A ree/ted t2is suggesti*+ be/ause it *uldbe dii/ult *r E!A t* tra/ a uel?s 3r*du/ti*+ l*/ati*+ be*re t2euel is *r as i.3*rted, 3arti/ularly 2e+ /*+sideri+g 199% 3r*du/ti*+0

Als*, all*i+g su/2 a situati*+ *uld a.*u+t t* tradi+g betee+ *reig+a+d d*.esti/ rei+eries, 2i/2 as +*t .a+dated +*r i+te+ded by"*+gress0

b0 'eas*+al eig2ti+g0 I+ t2e February @6, 199C 3r*3*sal, E!A3r*3*sed t2at a rei+ery?s *+ 3r*du/ti*+ -*lu.es * su..er a+d i+tergas*li+e based *+ RV!; be used i+ t2e eig2ti+g * data *+ a su..era+d i+ter basis0 T2is /2a+ge r*. t2e 3re-i*us 3r*3*sal re/ei-ed a l*t* su33*rt, a+d is bei+g 3r*.ulgated as 3r*3*sed *+ February @6, 199C0

As dis/ussed i+ 3aragra32 60a, t2e 199% a++ual baseli+e -*lu.e is t2elarger * t2e gas*li+e -*lu.e 3r*du/ed i+ *r s2i33ed r*. t2e rei+eryi+ 199%0 T2us, a rei+ery?s *+ baseli+e -*lu.es * su..er a+d i+ter



gas*li+e eit2er *+ a 3r*du/ed *r s2i33ed basis; s2all be used *reig2ti+g t2e su..er a+d i+ter a+ti(du.3i+g e.issi*+s a+d sulur,*lei+s a+d T9% -alues0 As 3r*3*sed, all -*lu.e 2i/2 is +*t su..er-*lu.e is /*+sidered i+ter -*lu.e0

/0 #rade eig2ti+g0 O+ February @6, 199C, E!A 3r*3*sed t2at a-erageuel 3ara.eter -alues be deter.i+ed irst *r ea/2 grade * gas*li+e3r*du/ed, a+d t2e resulti+g -alues eig2ted by t2e ra/ti*+ * ea/2grade s*ld i+ t2e 3eri*d *-er 2i/2 t2e -alue is deter.i+ed0 ased *+/*..e+ts, t2e 3r*3*sal 2as bee+ .*diied a+d, *r t2is i+al rule,>>grade?? s2all .ea+ ea/2 traditi*+al grade * gas*li+e 3r*du/ed i+ t2erei+ery i+ 199%, e0g0, regular, .idgrade, a+d 3re.iu., +*t ea/2diere+t i+teger */ta+e +u.ber0

d0 E5uati*+s0 T2e e5uati*+s 2a-e bee+ .*diied slig2tly r*. t2eFebruary 199C 3r*3*sal t* re5uire t2at s3e/ii/ gra-ity be i+/luded i+t2e deter.i+ati*+ * baseli+e sulur a+d *yge+ /*+te+ts0 e/ause b*t2* t2ese uel 3ara.eters are deter.i+ed *+ a eig2t basis, a+d be/ausegas*li+e a+d ble+dst*/s -ary, s*.eti.es sig+ii/a+tly, i+ eig2t(t*-*lu.erati*, /*rre/t a//*u+ti+g * su/2 ter.s .ust i+/lude a eig2tt*(-*lu.e /*+-ersi*+0 Additi*+ally, se3arate a-erage baseli+e uel3ara.eter -alues .ust be deter.i+ed *r su..er a+d i+ter, as dis/ussed3re-i*usly0

e0 Oyge+ i+ t2e baseli+e0 I+ t2e A3ril 16, 199@ 3r*3*sal, E!Adis/ussed se-eral .et2*ds * a//*u+ti+g *r *yge+ i+ t2e baseli+edeter.i+ati*+0 'e-eral /*..e+ters suggested t2at t2e baseli+e bedeter.i+ed *+ a +*+*yge+ate basis s* as +*t t* 3e+ali7e t2*se 2*>>re*r.ulated??, i0e0, 3r*du/ed /lea+er gas*li+e, early0 Ot2erssu33*rted i+/ludi+g *+ly t2e 3*siti-e diere+/e i0e0, a+ i+/rease i+*yge+ use; betee+ 199% a+d 3*st(1994 *yge+ate use0 Ot2ers suggested

-ariati*+s((e/ludi+g it i+ t2e baseli+e but i+/ludi+g it i+/*.3lia+/e, a+d i+/ludi+g it as is i+ b*t2 t2e baseli+e a+d /*.3lia+/e/al/ulati*+s0 Ot2ers argued t2at *yge+ate used i+ /*+-e+ti*+algas*li+e desig+ated *r areas *r "O redu/ti*+ 3ur3*ses s2*uld +*t be/*+sidered0

T2e a+ti(du.3i+g 3r*-isi*+s * se/ti*+ @11;&; are based *+ a/*.3aris*+ * 199% a+d 3*st(1994 e.issi*+s, a+d use * a+ *yge+atedbaseli+e *r /*.3lia+/e deter.i+ati*+ *uld be t2e .*st a33r*3riatebaseli+e0 E!A is t2ere*re re5uiri+g baseli+e uel 3ara.eter -alues t*be deter.i+ed *+ a+ *yge+ated basis0 'e/ti*+ @11;&;"; * t2e A/t



als* re5uires t2at i+/reases i+ NOJINFK e.issi*+s, due t* /*+-e+ti*+algas*li+e *yge+ate use, be *set by redu/ti*+s i+ t2e *t2er t2ree3*lluta+ts0 As stated earlier, sig+ii/a+t VO" a+d "O redu/ti*+s ill*//ur e-e+ it2*ut t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e rule.ai+g0 T* e+sure t2ata+ i+/rease i+ NOJINFK e.issi*+s is +*t ass*/iated it2 t2e use *

*yge+, E!A is all*i+g rei+ers t* /2**se t* use eit2er a+ *yge+ated*r +*+*yge+ated baseli+e 2e+ deter.i+i+g NOJINFK e.issi*+s0"*.3lia+/e *uld be .easured *+ t2e sa.e basis0 +der t2is 3r*-isi*+, arei+er /*uld /2**se t* sit/2 r*. a +*+*yge+ated t* a+ *yge+atedbaseli+e, begi++i+g it2 t2e +et a-eragi+g 3eri*d0 T2e i+itial /2*i/et* use a+ *yge+ated baseli+e, *r t2e sit/2 r*. a +*+*yge+ated t* a+*yge+ated baseli+e is, 2*e-er, 3er.a+e+t0 E!A e3e/ts a rei+er t**3erate its rei+ery t* its ad-a+tage, a+d t2us it is +*t liely t*.ae su/2 de/isi*+s * 2et2er t* use a +*+*yge+ated *r a+ *yge+atedbaseli+e *r NOJINFK 3ur3*ses; lig2tly0 Additi*+ally, "*+gressi+te+ded t2at t2e a+ti(du.3i+g 3r*gra. /*.3are a rei+er?s 199%e.issi*+s it2 its 3*st(1994 e.issi*+s, based *+ its uels? a/tuala-erage /*.3*siti*+, i0e0, its a/tual *yge+ated baseli+e *r *yge+ated/*.3lia+/e -alue0 E!A is all*i+g rei+ers t* use a +*+*yge+ated *r a+*yge+ated baseli+e 2e+ deter.i+i+g NOJINFK e.issi*+s i+ *rder t*ulill t2e 3r*-isi*+ t2at NOJINFK i+/reases due t* *yge+ates be*set0 D*e-er, t* .i+i.i7e u++e/essary ad.i+istrati-e /*.3li/ati*+sdue t* e-ery rei+er 3*te+tially /2a+gi+g its baseli+e NOJINFK -aluea++ually, E!A is all*i+g *+ly t2e *+e(ti.e /2a+ge0 I+ deter.i+i+g t2e +*+*yge+ated 3ara.eter -alues r*. t2e*yge+ated -alues, *+ly t2e 32ysi/al diluti*+ a+d distillati*+ ee/ts* t2e *yge+ate s2all be /*+sidered0 Adust.e+ts t* rei+ery*3erati*+s t2at *uld 2a-e bee+ diere+t 2ad *yge+ates +*t bee+ usedi0e0, */ta+e; s2all +*t be i+/luded be/ause .a+y 3*te+tial adust.e+tsare 3*ssible0 F*r i+sta+/e, i a rei+er?s a/tual *yge+ated; baseli+ear*.ati/s ere C% -*lu.e 3er/e+t a+d a/tual *yge+ate use as = -*lu.e3er/e+t, t2e +*+*yge+ated baseli+e ar*.ati/s -alue *uld be C106-*lu.e 3er/e+t, *r C%L1%%(=;0 B2ile it is liely t2at re*r.erse-erity .ay 2a-e bee+ 2ig2er 2ad *yge+ates +*t bee+ used t2usresulti+g i+ 3er2a3s e-e+ a 2ig2er ar*.ati/s baseli+e -alue; su/2*3erati*+al ee/ts due t* *yge+ate use s2all +*t be /*+sideredbe/ause t2ey /a++*t be +*+ it2 /ertai+ty0 Additi*+ally, 2ile t2e*yge+ /*+te+t a+d t2e ee/ts * *yge+ate -*lu.e *+ 3ara.eters illbe e/luded r*. t2e +*+*yge+ated baseli+e deter.i+ati*+, t2e t*talgas*li+e -*lu.e i+/ludi+g a/tual 199% *yge+ate use a+d t2e -*lu.e **yge+ate assu.ed *r s2*+ t* 2a-e bee+ ble+ded it2 gas*li+eble+dst*/ as dis/ussed i+ 3aragra32 C0b; ill be used t* deter.i+e t2ei+di-idual 199% baseli+e -*lu.e0

A e /*..e+ters suggested t2at *yge+ate -*lu.e be e/luded r*./*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e -*lu.es0 E!A disagrees(("*+gress s3e/iied t2at



/ertai+ NOJINFK e.issi*+s i+/reases be *set, but did +*t s3e/iy 2*t* deal it2 baseli+e -*lu.es, lea-i+g it t* E!A?s dis/reti*+0

Additi*+ally, t2e reas*+ *r all*i+g NOJINFK e.issi*+s t* bee-aluated *+ a +*+*yge+ate basis i+ t2e irst 3la/e is s* as +*t t*3e+ali7e rei+ers 2*se e.issi*+s i+/rease due t* *yge+ate use0 It is

3*ssible t2at restri/ti+g baseli+e -*lu.es by e/ludi+g *yge+ate-*lu.es /*uld 3e+ali7e s*.e rei+ers0 T2us, it *uld be i+a33r*3riate*r E!A t* restri/t t2e a33li/ability * t2e i+di-idual baseli+e t* t2e+*+*yge+ated gas*li+e -*lu.e0

0 B*r(i+(3r*gress0 E!A 3r*3*sed /riteria *r all*i+g a *r(i+3r*gressBI!; adust.e+t *+ A3ril 16, 199@0 I+ t2e February @6, 199C3r*3*sal, E!A e3a+ded t2e 3r*3*sed /riteria i+ se-eral areas0 A BI!adust.e+t all*s t2e rei+er t* .*diy its baseli+e -*lu.es a+d uel3ara.eter -alues 2i/2 ae/t e.issi*+s; t* a//*u+t *r t2e BI!0 A.*re detailed dis/ussi*+ * t2e rati*+ale a+d ba/gr*u+d /*+/er+i+g BI!adust.e+ts .ay be *u+d i+ t2e RIA0

'e-eral /*..e+ts reiterated a /*+/er+ e3ressed i+ t2e regulat*ry+eg*tiati*+ dis/ussi*+s t2at a BI! adust.e+t s2*uld be a li.itede/e3ti*+, stru/tured s* t2at e rei+ers *uld 5ualiy0 E!A agreest2at t2e /riteria *r a BI! adust.e+t s2*uld be airly stri+ge+t, ast2e adust.e+t as i+te+ded *+ly *r t2*se *r 2*. a sig+ii/a+ti+-est.e+t 2ad already bee+ .ade i+ *rder t* /*.3ly it2 a+*t2erg*-er+.e+t .a+date0 Additi*+ally, a br*ad 3r*gra. * adust.e+ts /*uldi+di/ate t2at E!A e/eeded its e5uitable dis/reti*+ u+der Alaba.a!*er, as dis/ussed i+ t2e RIA0 N*+et2eless, .*st /*..e+ters su33*rtedall*i+g BI! adust.e+ts *r sig+ii/a+t diere+/es betee+ u+adusteda+d BI!(adusted -alues * e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s, e2aust t*i/se.issi*+s, NOJINFK e.issi*+s, sulur, *lei+ *r T9%, i+stead * uste2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s as 3r*3*sed i+ A3ril 199@0 A e /*..e+terssuggested redu/i+g t2e t2res2*ld /*.3aris*+ /riteria betee+ BI!u+adusteda+d adusted -alues; * = 3er/e+t *r e.issi*+s a+d @=3er/e+t *r sulur, T9% a+d *lei+s0 E!A agreed it2 t2e substa+/e *t2ese /*..e+ts a+d is redu/i+g t2e t2res2*lds betee+ BI! a+d +*+(BI!-alues0 A dis/ussi*+ * t2e 3r*3*sed a+d i+al t2res2*ld /riteria is3rese+ted i+ t2e RIA0 E!A?s i+al t2res2*ld -alues u+der t2isre5uire.e+t are t2at BI!(u+adusted a+d adusted e.issi*+s -alues .ustdier by @0= 3er/e+t, a+d sulur, *lei+s a+d T9% -alues by 1%3er/e+t0 Agai+, *+ly *+e * t2e t2res2*lds 2as t* be .et i+ *rder t*.eet t2is re5uire.e+t0

A e /*..e+ts ere re/ei-ed regardi+g t2e re5uire.e+t t2at t2e BI!be ass*/iated it2 *t2er regulat*ry re5uire.e+ts, s3e/ii/ally, t2e



ty3e * t2e regulat*ry re5uire.e+t t2at *uld be a//e3table t* E!A0 E!Ais /lariyi+g t2is, a+d BI! based *+ a legislati-e *r regulat*rye+-ir*+.e+tal re5uire.e+t e+a/ted *r 3r*.ulgated 3ri*r t* 1L1L91 illbe dee.ed as .eeti+g t2e >>ass*/iated it2 *t2er regulat*ryre5uire.e+t?? /riteri*+0

I+ t2e February @6, 199C 3r*3*sal, E!A /lariied its dei+iti*+ *BI! as

• S S 3r*e/ts u+der /*+stru/ti*+ i+ 199% a+d 3r*e/ts 2i/2• ere /*+tra/ted *r a+d 2i/2 ill be /*.3leted i+ ti.e *r t2e• rei+er t* /*.3ly it2 t2e regulat*ry re5uire.e+t S S SJ'!K)6•

•

P)P6Fr*. 'e/0 &%091d;=; * t2e February 199C 3r*3*sal0

T2is la+guage as i+/luded t* e+sure t2at t2e BI! as /*.3leted i+a ti.ely .a++er, si+/e t2e BI! as *ste+sibly bei+g d*+e t* /*.3ly it2a regulat*ry re5uire.e+t0 ess t2a+ ti.ely /*.3leti*+ *uld i+di/atet2at t2e regulat*ry re5uire.e+t as +*t a dri-i+g a/t*r i+ i+itiati+gt2e BI!0 D*e-er, E!A is +*t 3r*.ulgati+g su/2 a /*.3leti*+ re5uire.e+tbe/ause i t2e BI! 3r*e/t as +*t /*.3leted i+ a ti.ely .a++er, t2e

rei+er is liely t* be l*si+g .*+ey si+/e it /a++*t 3r*du/e a /ertai+uel *r .eet /ertai+ e.issi*+ re5uire.e+ts, et/0 T2e /*+tra/tualre5uire.e+t dis/ussed bel* ill e+sure t2at t2e rei+er as /*..ittedt* t2e BI! 3r*e/t0 Additi*+ally, E!A is s3e/iyi+g t2at a+ adust.e+till *+ly be all*ed *r BI! 3r*e/ts i+-*l-i+g i+stallati*+ *r.*dii/ati*+ * *+e *r .*re gas*li+e ble+dst*/( *r distillate3r*du/i+gu+its i+ t2e rei+ery0

As stated, E!A als* 3r*3*sed a+d is 3r*.ulgati+g; t2at BI! s2alli+/lude 3r*e/ts u+der /*+stru/ti*+ i+ 199% a+d 3r*e/ts *r 2i/2

/*+tra/ts ere sig+ed 3ri*r t* *r i+ 199% su/2 t2at t2e rei+er asi+a+/ially /*..itted t* 3er.a+e+tly /2a+gi+g rei+ery *3erati*+s0"larii/ati*+ as re5uested as t* 2at ty3es * /*+tra/ts *uld be/*+sidered t* 2a-e /*..itted t2e rei+er t* t2e BI!0 E!A belie-es t2att2e /*+tra/ts s2*uld 2a-e /*..itted t2e rei+er t* 3ur/2asi+g .aterialsa+d /*+stru/ti*+ * t2e BI!0 As su/2, a 3r*/ess e+gi+eeri+g desig+/*+tra/t d*es +*t /*..it t2e rei+er t* a/tually i.3le.e+ti+g t2e BI!a+d *uld +*t be /*+sidered a BI! /*+tra/t u+der t2is 3r*-isi*+0 Ot2er



suggesti*+s i+/luded all*i+g BI! adust.e+ts *r *r +*t +e/essarilyass*/iated it2 a regulat*ry re5uire.e+t, i+/ludi+g BI! 2i/2 *uld2a-e a be+ei/ial ee/t *+ a rei+ery?s *-erall e+-ir*+.e+tal3er*r.a+/e0 Agai+, BI! adust.e+ts ere i+te+ded t* a33ly *+ly t*s3e/ii/ situati*+s, i0e0, t2*se relati-ely /*stly 3r*e/ts u+dertae+

*r .a+dated e+-ir*+.e+tal better.e+t0 T2us, it *uld +*t bea33r*3riate t* e3a+d t2e /riteria as suggested; *r 5ualiyi+g *r aBI! adust.e+t0

O+ February @6, 199C, E!A 3r*3*sed all*i+g eit2er t2e >>1%3er/e+t?? /riteria r*. t2e A3ril 16, 199@ 3r*3*sal *r a 1% .illi*+.i+i.u. /*st * t2e BI! t* satisy t2e /a3ital(at(ris /riteria0 '*.e/*..e+ters suggested t2at t2e re5uire.e+ts be .*re stri+ge+t((*+esuggested a t2res2*ld -alue * =% .illi*+0 Ot2ers suggested redu/i+gt2e t2res2*ld -alue t* = .illi*+ 3*ssibly a .*re a33r*3riate -alue*r s.all rei+ers; *r = 3er/e+t, *r eli.i+ati+g a+y >>d*llar?? a.*u+tbe/ause +* *+e s2*uld be 3e+ali7ed be/ause its i+-est.e+t ails t* .eetarbitrary ti.e *r /*st /riteria0 E!A belie-es t2at su/2 /riteria .ustbe s3e/iied i+ *rder t* 3re-e+t a 3r*lierati*+ * adust.e+ts *r*t2er t2a+ true 2ards2i3 /ases0 Additi*+ally, t2e 3r*3*sed /riteria areairly stri+ge+t re5uire.e+ts, a+d .*re stri+ge+t re5uire.e+ts /*uldt2reate+ t2e -iability * s*.e rei+ers0 E!A /*uld 2a-e relaed t2e/riteria, i0e0, set a l*er d*llar a.*u+t0 D*e-er, as stated, t2e BI!3r*-isi*+ as i+/luded t* 3r*-ide relie *r t2*se 3r*e/ts t2at *uldsig+ii/a+tly i+a+/ially i.3a/t t2e rei+er, a+d +*t *ri+/*+se5ue+tial .*dii/ati*+s0 T2us eit2er t2e >>1% 3er/e+t?? /riteria*r t2e 1% .illi*+ /riteria ill be all*ed t* satisy t2isre5uire.e+t0

Ma+y /*..e+ts a+d suggested la+guage ere re/ei-ed /*+/er+i+g E!A?sFebruary @6, 199C 3r*3*sal t2at a BI! adust.e+t *uld si.ulta+e*usly/a3 a rei+er?s a+ti(du.3i+g e.issi*+s a+d sulur, T9% a+d *lei+-alues at i-e =; 3er/e+t *-er t2e /*rres3*+di+g statut*ry baseli+e-alues0 M*st /*..e+ters *33*sed su/2 si.ulta+e*us /a3s0 E!A als*3r*3*sed t2at a rei+er 2*se BI!(adusted baseli+e e.issi*+s e/eeded1%= 3er/e+t * a+ti(du.3i+g statut*ry baseli+e e.issi*+s did +*t 2a-et* redu/e its e.issi*+s urt2er t* 1%= 3er/e+t * t2e a+ti(du.3i+gstatut*ry baseli+e; i its BI!(adusted baseli+e e.issi*+s ere lesst2a+ its 3re(BI! baseli+e e.issi*+s0 E!A belie-es t2*ug2 t2at s*.eli.it *+ t2e adust.e+t .ust be i+/luded t* .i+i.i7e e+-ir*+.e+tal2ar.0 T2e li.it .ust a33ly t* all 2* are all*ed a BI! adust.e+t0T2us, E!A is li.iti+g BI! i+/reases i+ baseli+e e2aust be+7e+e,e2aust t*i/s a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s a+d sulur, *lei+s a+d T9%-alues t* t2e larger * 1; t2e u+adusted i+di-idual baseli+e -alue *ea/2 e.issi*+ *r uel 3ara.eter *r @; 1%= 3er/e+t * t2e /*rres3*+di+g



a+ti(du.3i+g statut*ry baseli+e -alue0 N*te t2at sulur, *lei+s a+dT9% are *+ly /*+strai+ed 2e+ /*.3lia+/e is deter.i+ed usi+g t2e si.3le.*del0 B2e+ /*.3lia+/e is deter.i+ed usi+g t2e /*.3le .*del, t2e BI!adusted-alues * t2ese t2ree uel 3ara.eters are +*t sube/t t* t2e/a3s0 #i-e+ E!A?s dis/reti*+ i+ e-e+ gra+ti+g BI! adust.e+ts, E!A

belie-es t2is 3r*-isi*+ 3r*-ides a+ a//e3table bala+/e betee+ all*i+gBI! adust.e+ts a+d e+suri+g t2at i+/reases i+ e.issi*+s *-er 199%le-els are .i+i.i7ed0

g0 aseli+e adust.e+t *r etra*rdi+ary /ir/u.sta+/es0 I+ t2eFebruary @6, 199C 3r*3*sal, E!A re5uested /*..e+ts *+ all*i+g t2ebaseli+e uel 3ara.eters, -*lu.es a+d e.issi*+s * a rei+ery t* beadusted due t* t2e *//urre+/e * s3e/ii/ etra*rdi+ary *r ete+uati+g/ir/u.sta+/es 2i/2 /aused its 199% gas*li+e 3r*du/ti*+ t* be diere+tt2a+ it *uld 2a-e bee+ 2ad t2e /ir/u.sta+/e +*t *//urred0 Ma+y/*..e+ters elt t2at baseli+e adust.e+ts s2*uld be all*ed *r t2e3r*3*sed situati*+s as ell as *r *t2ers0 O+e /*..e+ter stated t2ate-ery site is u+i5ue, t2us baseli+e adust.e+ts s2*uld be e-aluated *+a /ase(by(/ase basis0 'till *t2ers suggested t2at E!A all* adust.e+ts*+ly *r s.all rei+ers, *r *r se-eral *t2er s3e/ii/ /ir/u.sta+/es0'e-eral /*..e+ters, 2*e-er, elt t2at +* ete+uati+g /ir/u.sta+/ebaseli+e adust.e+t s2*uld be all*ed0 A.*+g t2e reas*+s /ited *r +*tall*i+g adust.e+ts ere: /*.3etiti-e i+e5uities "*+gressi*+al i+te+tt* a//*u+t *r 199% *+ly dii/ulty i+ dei+i+g ete+uati+g/ir/u.sta+/es use * t2is 3r*-isi*+ as a .et2*d * -*idi+g *r(i+3r*gressre5uire.e+ts0

B2ile E!A?s 3*li/y *be/ti-e is +*t t* establis2 a br*ad adust.e+t3r*gra., E!A is all*i+g adust.e+ts *r s3e/ii/ ete+uati+g/ir/u.sta+/es0 All*able /ir/u.sta+/es i+/lude u+*resee+, u+3la++edd*+ti.e * at least C% days * *+e *r .*re gas*li+e ble+dst*/3r*du/i+g u+its due t* e5ui3.e+t ailure *r +atural /ause bey*+d t2e/*+tr*l * t2e rei+er, *r *r +*+a++ual .ai+te+a+/e tur+ar*u+d;d*+ti.e 2i/2 *//urred i+ 199%0 T2ese ty3es * adust.e+ts rele/ti+sta+/es 2ere t2e 199% baseli+e truly de-iated r*. t2e *t2erisee3e/ted baseli+e 2ist*ri/ a+d uture;, 2ad t2e i+/ide+t +*t *//urred0 E!A is als* 3er.itti+g baseli+e adust.e+ts *r /ertai+ rei+ers2i/2 3r*du/ed <!(4 et uel i+ 199%0 As dis/ussed i+ t2e RIA, E!Abelie-es t2at it 2as aut2*rity t* all* su/2 adust.e+ts due t* t2edis/reti*+ a*rded E!A by "*+gress0 Additi*+ally, Alaba.a !*er -0"*stleJ'!K)) gi-es E!A >>/ase(by(/ase dis/reti*+?? t* gra+t -aria+/es*r e-e+ dis3e+sati*+ r*. a rule 2ere i.3*siti*+ * t2e re5uire.e+t*uld result i+ .i+i.al e+-ir*+.e+tal be+eit but t2e *uld etre.elyburde+ a regulated 3arty0 B2ile t2e a+ti(du.3i+g re5uire.e+ts, i+ge+eral, a33ly t* all /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e 2et2er *r +*t re*r.ulated



gas*li+e is als* 3r*du/ed, u+der t2e /riteria .e+ti*+ed ab*-e, +*>>du.3i+g?? ill *//ur si+/e +* re*r.ulated gas*li+e ill be 3r*du/edby su/2 rei+ers0 "*+gressi*+al i+te+t it2 regard t* t2e a+ti(du.3i+g3r*gra. ill be .et 2ile +*t u+duly burde+i+g t2*se t2at .eet t2es3e/iied /riteria0

P)P)Alaba.a !*er "*.3a+y -0 "*stle, 6C6 F0@d C@C0C=) 80"0 "ir19)9;0

<!(4 baseli+e adust.e+ts are ge+erally li.ited t* si+gle(rei+eryrei+ers be/ause su/2 rei+ers 2a-e +* ay t* aggregatebaseli+esJ'!K)& s* as t* redu/e t2e /*.bi+ed burde+ * <!(4 32ase*uta+d t2e a+ti(du.3i+g re5uire.e+ts *+ t2eir *3erati*+s0 I+ s*.e /ases,i +* relie ere gra+ted i+ t2is area, t2e -iability * a rei+ery/*uld be at stae0 E!A is als* all*i+g baseli+e adust.e+ts *r .ultirei+eryrei+ers as l*+g as ea/2 * t2e rei+eries .eets all * t2es3e/iied /riteria0

P)P&As dis/ussed i+ 3aragra32 60d, a rei+er it2 .*re t2a+ *+erei+ery .ay deter.i+e a+ aggregate baseli+e, i0e0, a /*+-e+ti*+algas*li+e /*.3lia+/e baseli+e, 2i/2 /*+sists * t2e -*lu.e(eig2tede.issi*+s *r uel 3ara.eters, as a33li/able, * t* *r .*rerei+eries0

<!(4 3r*du/ti*+ .ust 2a-e als* /*+stituted a sig+ii/a+t 3*rti*+ *a rei+er?s 199% 3r*du/ti*+ i+ *rder *r a sig+ii/a+t burde+ t* eist0I+ its February 199C 3r*3*sal, E!A re5uested /*..e+t *+ 2at .i+i.u.3*rti*+ * a rei+ery?s 199% 3r*du/ti*+ <!(4 s2*uld 2a-e /*+stituted*r t2e /ir/u.sta+/e t* be ete+uati+g, a+d se-eral diere+t rati**3ti*+s ere suggested by /*..e+ters, as dis/ussed i+ t2e RIA0 Asdis/ussed i+ t2e RIA, E!A is re5uiri+g t2at t2e rati* * t2e rei+ery?s



199% <!(4 3r*du/ti*+ t* its 199% gas*li+e 3r*du/ti*+ .ust e5ual *re/eed %0=0

B2ile t2e adusted e.issi*+ baseli+es * t2*se a33r*-ed *r <!(4

adust.e+ts are liely t* be 2ig2er t2a+ t2eir a/tual 199% baseli+es3ri.arily due t* i+/reased be+7e+e a+d ar*.ati/s; E!A e3e/ts .i+i.al+egati-e e+-ir*+.e+tal ae/ts0 e/ause t2e +u.ber * rei+eries.eeti+g t2e /riteria is e3e/ted t* be s.all a+d t2e t*tal 3r*du/ti*+* all su/2 rei+eries is als* s.all, less gas*li+e is ae/ted by a+ybaseli+e adust.e+ts t2a+ i t2e /riteria ere less stri+ge+t0 I+ t2issituati*+, E!A belie-es t2at a+y +egati-e e+-ir*+.e+tal ee/tsresulti+g r*. t2e all*ed adust.e+ts are ustiiably bala+/ed by t2eredu/ed burde+ *+ 5ualiyi+g rei+ers0 Alt2*ug2 E!A is all*i+g baseli+e adust.e+ts *r t2e s3e/ii//ir/u.sta+/es des/ribed ab*-e, it i+ +* ay .ea+s t2is t* be a3re/ede+t t* all* adust.e+ts *r a/tual *r s*(/alled ete+uati+g/ir/u.sta+/es +* *r i+ t2e uture0 T2e la+guage * t2e A/t d*es +*tall* E!A t* br*adly 3er.it baseli+e adust.e+ts0 Additi*+ally, abaseli+e is +eit2er u+re3rese+tati-e * 199%, +*r i+/al/ulable, be/ause* 3*st(199% /2a+ges i+ /rude a-ailability, uel s3e/ii/ati*+s, uel.arets, et/0 "*+gress /ertai+ly +e t2at su/2 /2a+ges /*uld ae/tbaseli+e deter.i+ati*+s, yet i+ /reati+g t2e a+ti(du.3i+g re5uire.e+tsit did +*t re5uire E!A t* /*+sider su/2 a/t*rs i+ deter.i+i+gbaseli+es0 I+ a/t, +* dire/ti*+ as gi-e+ t* a//*u+t *r t* .a+dateduel /2a+ges, !2ase II -*latility /*+tr*l a+d lead 32ase*ut0 It is liely t2at /ir/u.sta+/es *r 2i/2 baseli+e adust.e+ts are+*t all*ed .ay +egati-ely ae/t s*.e rei+ers0 D*e-er, e-ery rei+erill be sube/t t* uture /2a+ges i+ .arets, uel 5ualityre5uire.e+ts, et/0, all * 2i/2 ill ae/t t2e rei+er?s gas*li+e5uality a+d ability t* /*.3ly it2 its a+ti(du.3i+g baseli+e0 T2us,e/e3t i+ etre.e /ases, baseli+e adust.e+ts due t* 3*st(199% /2a+ges2i/2 ae/t rei+ers *uld +*t be 3ra/ti/al due t* t2e .yriad/ir/u.sta+/es 2i/2 .ay eist; +*r +e/essarily air, a+d are dei+itely+*t su33*rted by t2e la+guage * t2e A/t +*r t2e i+te+t * "*+gress0E!A is a33r*3riately +*t 3r*-idi+g *r su/2 adust.e+ts0 20 I+ability t* .eet t2ese re5uire.e+ts0 Alt2*ug2 +*t 3re-i*uslydis/ussed, E!A reali7es t2at .a+y u+i5ue /ir/u.sta+/es ill ariseregardi+g t2e baseli+e deter.i+ati*+0 As su/2, i a rei+er *r i.3*rteris u+able t* /*.3ly it2 *+e *r .*re * t2e re5uire.e+ts s3e/iied *rbaseli+e deter.i+ati*+, it .ay be all*ed t* a//*..*date t2e la/ */*.3lia+/e i+ a reas*+able, te/2+i/ally s*u+d .a++er0 It .ust 3etiti*+E!A *r su/2 a -aria+/e, a+d t2e alter+ati-e .ust be -eriied by t2ebaseli+e audit*r0 T2e 3etiti*+ .ay *r .ay +*t be a33r*-ed by E!A060 aseli+e V*lu.e a+d E.issi*+s 8eter.i+ati*+ a0 I+di-idual baseli+e -*lu.es *r rei+ers, ble+ders a+di.3*rters0 T2e i+di-idual baseli+e -*lu.e * a rei+er 2i/2 utili7es



Met2*ds 1, @ a+d *r C(ty3e data t* deter.i+e its baseli+e uel3ara.eters s2all be t2e larger * t2e t*tal -*lu.e * gas*li+e 3r*du/edi+ *r s2i33ed r*. t2e rei+ery i+ 199%, e/ludi+g -*lu.es e3*rted0T2is 3r*-isi*+ is added be/ause 199% s2i3.e+ts a+d 3r*du/ti*+ /*ulddier0 As dis/ussed i+ t2e RIA, 2ile 199% gas*li+e s2i3.e+ts a/tually

/*+tributed t* e.issi*+s, data is a-ailable by Met2*ds 1, @ *r C; *+199% gas*li+e 3r*du/ti*+0 T2e diere+/e betee+ t2e s2i33ed a+d3r*du/ed gas*li+e is e3e/ted t* be +egligible it2 res3e/t t* baseli+edeter.i+ati*+0 V*lu.es * *yge+ates ble+ded i+t* gas*li+e at t2erei+ery a+d *yge+ate assu.ed *r s2*+ t* 2a-e bee+ ble+ded i+t*gas*li+e d*+strea. * t2e rei+ery, as dis/ussed i+ 3aragra32 C0b,s2all be i+/luded0 T2e baseli+e -*lu.e s2all be deter.i+ed ater alladust.e+ts, su/2 as *r *r(i+(3r*gress *r ete+uati+g /ir/u.sta+/es,2a-e bee+ 3er*r.ed0

T2e i+di-idual baseli+e -*lu.e * a ble+der utili7i+g *+ly Met2*d1(ty3e data *r 2a-i+g t2e a+ti(du.3i+g statut*ry baseli+e as itsi+di-idual baseli+e s2all be als* t2e larger * t2e -*lu.e * 199%gas*li+e 3r*du/ed i+ *r s2i33ed r*. t2e rei+ery ble+di+g a/ility;0T2e i+di-idual baseli+e -*lu.e * a+ i.3*rter utili7i+g *+ly Met2*d 1*r 2a-i+g t2e a+ti(du.3i+g statut*ry baseli+e as its i+di-idualbaseli+e s2all be t2e t*tal -*lu.e * gas*li+e i.3*rted i+t* t2e 0'0i+ 199%0

b0 i.itati*+s *+ a33li/ability * i+di-idual baseli+es0 I+ t2e A3ril 16, 199@ 3r*3*sal, E!A 3r*3*sed t* li.it t2e a33li/ability * arei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s i+di-idual baseli+e t* a /ertai+ 3*rti*+ * its3*st(1994 /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e 3r*du/ti*+ *r i.3*rts a+d a33ly t2ea+ti(du.3i+g statut*ry baseli+e 3ara.eter -alues t* t2e -*lu.e i+e/ess * t2is a.*u+t0 T2is e/ess a.*u+t *uld rele/t t2e 3*rti*+ *t2e 3*st(1994 gr*t2 i+ gas*li+e 3r*du/ti*+ *-er 199% -*lu.es t2at isattributed t* /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e0 T2e rei+er *r i.3*rter *uld/*.3ly it2 t2e 3r*du/ti*+ eig2ted a-erage * t2e t* resulti+gbaseli+e e.issi*+ igures0

M*st * t2e /*..e+ters agreed t2at t2e i+/rease i+ /*+-e+ti*+algas*li+e 3r*du/ti*+ *-er t2is baseli+e -*lu.e s2*uld be sube/t t* t2estatut*ry baseli+e0 D*e-er, /*..e+ters disagreed as t* 2et2er t2ei+/rease s2*uld be deter.i+ed relati-e t* a/tual 3r*du/ti*+ *r relati-et* /a3a/ity0 I+ additi*+ t* agreei+g it2 t2e 3r*3*sal, t2*se a-*ri+g3r*du/ti*+ as t2e basis /ited t2e dii/ulty i+ deter.i+i+g gas*li+erei+i+g /a3a/ity0 T2*se a-*ri+g /a3a/ity as t2e basis /*..e+ted t2ati baseli+es are a33lied *+ a 3r*du/ti*+ basis, /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e3r*du/ti*+ /*uld be li.ited bel* /a3a/ity a+d redu/e t2e /a3ability t*



/2a+ge, *+ly t2e e.issi*+s deter.i+ed r*. t2*se 3ara.eters0 I+ t2e/ase * NOJINFK, it is liely t2at e-ery rei+ery ill a/tually 2a-e*ur 3*te+tial baseli+e NOJINFK e.issi*+s -alues, de3e+di+g *+ 2et2era +*+*yge+ated *r a+ *yge+ated baseli+e is used t* e-aluate NOJINFKe.issi*+s see dis/ussi*+ i+ 3aragra32 =0e;0

Ma+y /*..e+ters ere als* /*+/er+ed ab*ut t2e ee/t * uturere-isi*+s t* t2e /*.3le .*del *+ 199% baseli+e e.issi*+s a+d uture/*.3lia+/e, 3arti/ularly s2*uld additi*+al uel 3ara.eters be added t*t2e .*del0 I+ t2e e-e+t * re-isi*+s t* t2e /*.3le .*del, E!A ill3r*.ulgate additi*+al regulati*+s 2i/2 ill /*+sider t2e i.3a/t *+/*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e, i+/ludi+g /*+siderati*+ * lead ti.e, /*st a+d*t2er a/t*rs0

d0 "*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e /*.3lia+/e baseli+es0 T2e "lea+ Air A/treers t* gas*li+e s*ld by a rei+er, ble+der *r i.3*rter se/ti*+@11;&;A;;, but d*es +*t s3e/iy a+ a-eragi+g u+it *r baseli+edeter.i+ati*+ +*r 2et2er gas*li+e a+d t2e resulti+g e.issi*+s s2*uldbe treated *+ a rei+ery *r rei+er basis, t2us aut2*ri7i+g E!A t*ad*3t t2e .*st a33r*3riate .et2*d * /*.3lyi+g it2 t2e a+ti(du.3i+gre5uire.e+ts0 E!A /*+sidered t2ree 3*ssible *3ti*+s *r baseli+edeter.i+ati*+((rei+ery basis, rei+er basis, *r s*.e /*.bi+ati*+ *t2e t*0 8uri+g t2e regulat*ry +eg*tiati*+, it as agreed t2at E!A*uld 3r*3*se all*i+g a rei+er t* ele/t t* establis2 a+ i+di-idualbaseli+e0 I+ t2e A3ril 199@ 3r*3*sal, E!A 3r*3*sed t2at rei+ers /*uld/2**se eit2er rei+er(ide a-eragi+g *r rei+ery(by(rei+ery a-eragi+g,but +*t a /*.bi+ati*+ * t2e t*0 T2is as t* a-*id situati*+s 2ere.ulti(rei+ery rei+ers /*uld ga.e t2e syste. a+d 3*te+tially gai+ asig+ii/a+t /*.3etiti-e ad-a+tage *-er si+gle(rei+ery rei+ers0 Alt2*ug2, as stated, E!A e3ressed /*+/er+ ab*ut .ulti(rei+eryrei+ers? 2a-i+g a+ ad-a+tage *-er si+gle(rei+ery rei+ers, e/*..e+ters agreed it2 E!A?s A3ril 199@ 3r*3*sal0 O t2*se t2at didagree, s*.e suggested t2at all rei+eries s2*uld be re5uired t* /*.3lyit2 t2eir i+di-idual baseli+es, t* .i+i.i7e a+y ad-a+tages *r .ultirei+ery/*.3a+ies *-er si+gle rei+ery /*.3a+ies0 D*e-er, .*st * t2e /*..e+ts re/ei-ed *+ t2is issue /lai.ed t2atE!A 2ad +*t i+ter3reted t2is 3r*-isi*+ /*rre/tly r*. t2e Agree.e+t(i+!ri+/i3le0T2e agree.e+t, a//*rdi+g t* t2e /*..e+ters, all*ed rei+erst* de/ide 2* t* aggregate t2eir rei+eries? baseli+es0 '*.e suggestedt2at i aggregati*+s are *+ly all*ed as 3r*3*sed, /*.3lia+/e it2 t2esi.3le .*del, /*.3le .*del a+dL*r a+ti(du.3i+g re5uire.e+ts *uld bedii/ult0

3*+ urt2er /*+siderati*+ * t2is issue, E!A is all*i+g rei+erst* /2**se t* 2a-e *+e *r .*re i+di-idual rei+ery /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e/*.3lia+/e baseli+es a+d *+e *r .*re >>rei+er?? baseli+es i0e0, .*re



t2a+ *+e gr*u3i+g * t* *r .*re rei+eries t* *r. a /*.3lia+/ebaseli+e;0 e/ause t2e de/isi*+ t* gr*u3 *r +*t gr*u3 rei+eries is a*+eti.e de/isi*+, a+d be/ause a rei+er?s t*tal e.issi*+s ill be/*+ser-ed, t2e 3*ssibility * ga.i+g ill be redu/ed0 B2e+ t* *r .*rerei+eries are gr*u3ed *r t2e 3ur3*se * 2a-i+g a si+gle /*+-e+ti*+al

gas*li+e /*.3lia+/e baseli+e, t2e rei+eries s2all be /*+sidered>>aggregated??, a+d t2e resulti+g baseli+e s2all be a+ >>aggregate??baseli+e0

Aggregate baseli+es are deter.i+ed by -*lu.e(eig2ti+g t2e baseli+ee.issi*+s a+d sulur, *lei+ a+d T9% -alues * t2e aggregateda/ilities0 I aggregated, all NOJINFK baseli+es i+ a+ aggregate .ustbe deter.i+ed eit2er *+ a +*+*yge+ated *r a+ *yge+ated basis, usi+gt2e /*rres3*+di+g +*+*yge+ated *r *yge+ated baseli+e 3ara.eters0 T2e/2*i/e * 2et2er a rei+ery 2as its *+ i+di-idual baseli+e *r is 3art* a+ aggregate baseli+e is a *+e(ti.e de/isi*+, i0e0, rei+eries/a++*t be re(aggregated a++ually0 Als*, a+ i+di-idual baseli+ei+/ludi+g b*t2 3ara.eter a+d e.issi*+ -alues; .ust be /al/ulated *rea/2 rei+ery, 2et2er t2at rei+ery ill be 3art * a+ aggregatebaseli+e *r +*t0 T2is is re5uired be/ause re*r.ulated gas*li+e/*.3lia+/e u+der eit2er t2e si.3le .*del *r early use * t2e /*.3le.*del is *+ a rei+ery basis0 Als*, i+di-idual baseli+es .ust be +*+i+ t2e e-e+t t2at a rei+ery is s*ld *r s2ut d*+, *r *t2er reas*+ 2yt2e baseli+e *uld +eed t* be re/al/ulated0 E!A als* 3r*3*sed t* re5uire i+di-idual rei+ery baseli+es *rrei+eries l*/ated i+ s3e/ii/ is*lated ge*gra32i/ areas 2erel*/ali7ed du.3i+g as *//urri+g0 E!A is retai+i+g t2is 3r*3*sal i+ t2ei+al rule0 Fe /*..e+ts ere re/ei-ed *+ t2is issue a+d are addressedi+ t2e RIA0

e0 aseli+e re/al/ulati*+0 I+ its A3ril 16, 199@ 3r*3*sal, E!A3r*3*sed /ertai+ i+sta+/es 2e+ baseli+es *uld 2a-e t* bere/al/ulated0 Fe ad-erse /*..e+ts ere re/ei-ed0 I+ t2e /ase * arei+ery 2i/2 is s2ut d*+ ater 199%, E!A 2ad 3r*3*sed t2at a+aggregate baseli+e 2i/2 /*+tai+ed t2e s2utd*+ rei+ery *uld +*t/2a+ge u+less t2e s2utd*+ rei+ery as s*ld0 D*e-er, u3*+ urt2er/*+siderati*+, E!A belie-es t2at it is .*re a33r*3riate, a+d .*re/*+siste+t it2 t2e *t2er re/al/ulati*+ re5uire.e+ts, t* re.*-e as2utd*+ rei+ery?s /*+tributi*+s t* a+ aggregate baseli+e0 E!A is t2us3r*.ulgati+g t2is re5uire.e+t it2 t2e *t2er 3r*3*sed re5uire.e+ts0

80 aseli+e Audit*r

I+ t2e February @6, 199C 3r*3*sal, E!A e3a+ded *+ t2e5ualii/ati*+s a+d res3*+sibilities * t2e baseli+e audit*r 2i/2 ea/2



rei+er *r i.3*rter .ust utili7e t* -eriy its baseli+e0 Rei+ers a+di.3*rters utili7i+g t2e a+ti(du.3i+g statut*ry baseli+e, i s* all*ed,are +*t re5uired t* 2a-e a baseli+e audit*r0

10 Audit*r ualii/ati*+s

@0 E!A 3r*3*sed s3e/ii/ /riteria *r deter.i+i+g t2e i+de3e+de+/e a+dC0 te/2+i/al /a3ability * t2e audit*r a+d 2ere a33li/able, t2e40 audit*r?s *rga+i7ati*+ a+dL*r /ertai+ 3ers*+s *ri+g it2 *r *r t2e=0 audit*r;0 A e /*..e+ters suggested .i+*r /2a+ges i+ t2e 3r*3*sed60 /riteria as dis/ussed i+ t2e RIA, a+d s*.e * t2ese re/*..e+dati*+s are)0 i+/*r3*rated i+ t2e i+al rule0&0

90 E!A als* 3r*3*sed t2at t2e audit*r retai+ed by a rei+er *r1%0i.3*rter .ay als* 2a-e de-el*3ed t2e baseli+e *r t2e sa.e rei+er *r110 i.3*rter as l*+g as all *t2er audit*r 5ualii/ati*+ re5uire.e+ts [email protected] 'e-eral /*..e+ters 2* addressed t2is issue agreed t2at t2e1C0audit*r s2*uld be all*ed t* als* be t2e baseli+e 3re3arer, .*stly r*.140a /*st sa-i+gs 3*i+t(*(-ie0 Ot2er /*..e+ters 3*i+ted *ut t2at t2e1=0i+de3e+de+/e * t2e re-ie *uld be l*st0 B2ile t2is .ay di.i+is2 t*160s*.e ete+t t2e -alue * a+ i+de3e+de+t audit, t2e /*st a+d ti.e1)0sa-i+gs are rele-a+t /*+siderati*+s0 I+ bala+/i+g t2ese /*+/er+s, E!A1&0is all*i+g t2e audit*r t* als* 2a-e 3re3ared t2e baseli+e0190@%0 Audit*r "ertii/ati*+@10 E!A 3r*3*sed t* *3ti*+s by 2i/2 3*te+tial audit*rs /*uld be@@0a33r*-ed by E!A as 5ualiied t* audit baseli+es0 O+e *3ti*+ i+-*l-ed@C03re/ertii/ati*+ by E!A u+der t2is *3ti*+, a state.e+t * t2e@40audit*r?s 5ualii/ati*+s *uld be sub.itted t* E!A0 E!A *uld@=0*i/ially /ertiy a+ audit*r, *r i +* /*..e+t ere re/ei-ed r*. E!A@60it2i+ a s3e/iied ti.e, t2e audit*r *uld be /*+sidered /ertiied by@)0deault0 T2e *t2er *3ti*+ re5uired t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter t* e+sure@&0t2at t2e audit*r is 5ualiied, a+d t* 3r*-ide a 5ualii/ati*+ state.e+t@90*r t2e audit*r it2 t2e baseli+e sub.issi*+0 I+ t2is /ase, t2e audit*rC%0*uld +*t be 3re(/ertiied by E!A0C10

C@0 M*st /*..e+ters agreed it2 all*i+g b*t2 *3ti*+s0 O+e /*..e+terCC0t2*ug2t t2at E!A s2*uld +*tiy audit*rs * a33r*-al rat2er t2a+ letti+gC40t2e. be /ertiied by deault, a+d t2at t2ey s2*uld be 3re(/ertiied0C=0E!A belie-es t2at, i+ .*st /ases, it ill res3*+d i+ s*.e *r., +*tC60+e/essarily a33r*-al *r disa33r*-al, 3ri*r t* t2e e+d * t2e all*ableC)0ti.e 3eri*d0 I+ t2e 3r*3*sal, E!A all*ed t2e audit*r t* be /ertiiedC&0by deault ater C% days0 D*e-er, E!A +* belie-es t2at it s2*uld +*tC90all* a+ audit*r t* be /ertiied by deault u+til 4= days ater4%0a33li/ati*+ *r t*day?s date, 2i/2e-er is later, be/ause * 3*ssible410delays, e0g0, .ail deli-ery, i+ re/ei-i+g a+ audit*r?s 5ualii/ati*+



[email protected]+t04C0

440 E!A 2ad als* 3r*3*sed t2at it2i+ t2irty C%; days * 2iri+g a4=0baseli+e audit*r *r t*day?s date, 2i/2e-er is later, ea/2 rei+er a+d

460i.3*rter .ust i+*r. E!A * t2e +a.e, *rga+i7ati*+ address a+d4)0tele32*+e +u.ber * t2e audit*r 2ired0 E!A +* belie-es t2is4&0i+*r.ati*+ is +*t /riti/al a+d t2us is eli.i+ati+g t2is re5uire.e+t0490T2is i+*r.ati*+ is *+ly re5uired i+ t2e baseli+e sub.issi*+0=%0=10 Audit*r Res3*+sibilities=@0 T2e .a*r issues raised by /*..e+ters /*+/er+i+g audit*r=C0res3*+sibilities as 2et2er t2e audit*r as t* -eriy t2e baseli+e=40deter.i+ati*+ *r re/al/ulate t2e baseli+e itsel0 E!A agrees t2at t2e==0audit*r s2*uld i+de3e+de+tly -eriy t2e baseli+e deter.i+ati*+, a+d is=60+*t re5uired t* de-el*3 a se/*+d baseli+e deter.i+ati*+0 D*e-er, t2e=)0audit*r .ust tae 2ate-er a/ti*+ is +e/essary t* e+sure t2at all=&0baseli+e sub.issi*+ re5uire.e+ts are ulilled0 E!A is als* re5uiri+g=90t2at a rei+er?s baseli+e sub.issi*+ i+/lude a state.e+t 3re3ared a+d6%0sig+ed by t2e 3ri.ary a+alyst stati+g t2at, t* t2e best * its610+*ledge, it 2as t2*r*ug2ly re-ieed t2e sa.3li+g .et2*d*l*gy a+d6@0baseli+e /al/ulati*+s, a+d t2at t2ey .eet t2e re5uire.e+ts a+d6C0i+te+ti*+s * t2e rule.ai+g, a+d t2at it agrees it2 t2e i+al640baseli+e 3ara.eter a+d e.issi*+ -alues listed i+ t2e baseli+e6=0sub.issi*+0 E!A is +*t re5uiri+g audit*rs t* sub.it t* E!A; a+ audit6603la+ 3ri*r t* begi++i+g t2e baseli+e -erii/ati*+ 3r*/ess06)0

E0 aseli+e 'ub.issi*+ a+d A33r*-al

10 Ti.i+g@0 Fe /*..e+ts ere re/ei-ed /*+/er+i+g t2e ti.i+g * baseli+eC0 sub.issi*+s, a+d E!A is 3r*.ulgati+g its re5uire.e+ts t2at baseli+es be40 sub.itted t* E!A it2i+ 6 .*+t2s * t*day?s date a+d t2at baseli+es=0 deter.i+ed usi+g data /*lle/ted ater t*day be sub.itted t* E!A by60 'e3te.ber 1, 19940 E!A ill /*+sider 3etiti*+s *r a+ ete+si*+ *)0 t2ese deadli+es, 2*e-er, sub.itters s2*uld tae +*te t2at late&0 sub.issi*+s /*uld /ause delays i+ re/ei-i+g E!A de/isi*+s *+ a33r*-al90 * t2eir baseli+es0 E!A is 3r*.ulgati+g su/2 ti.i+g re5uire.e+ts i+1%0*rder t* gi-e t2e i+dustry sui/ie+t ti.e t* ge+erate a+d audit110 i+di-idual baseli+es0 E!A is ell aare * t2e +eed *r e3editi*us1@0re-ie * sub.itted baseli+es, a+d e+/*urages sub.issi*+ * baseli+es1C0as s**+ as 3*ssible ater t*day0140

1=0



160 !etiti*+s1)0 I+ .a+y situati*+s i+ t2e baseli+e deter.i+ati*+, a rei+er *r1&0i.3*rter is re5uired t* 3etiti*+ E!A i+ *rder t* be all*ed t* a//*u+t190*r a -aria+/e r*. a re5uire.e+t0 I+ *t2er situati*+s, t2e rei+er *r@%0i.3*rter is re5uired t* >>s2*?? t2at it .eets /ertai+ /riteria0 I+

@10eit2er * t2ese situati*+s, a33r*-al ill be gi-e+ by t2e 8ire/t*r *@@0t2e E!A?s Oi/e * M*bile '*ur/es, *r desig+ee0 As ill be dis/ussed@C0bel*, all 3etiti*+s .ust be i+/luded i+ t2e baseli+e sub.issi*+((i+@40a/t, i+ .*st /ases, baseli+e /al/ulati*+s 2a-e t* be deter.i+ed b*t2@=0it2 a+d it2*ut t2e re5uested -aria+/e, si+/e t2e *ut/*.e * t2e@60 re5uest *uld be u++*+0 Alt2*ug2 +*t 3re-i*usly 3r*3*sed, E!A is@)0all*i+g 3etiti*+s a+d >>s2*i+gs?? t* be sub.itted 3ri*r t* t2e@&0baseli+e sub.issi*+ deadli+e alt2*ug2 a+ early de/isi*+ *+ t2e re5uest@90is +*t guara+teed0 N*+et2eless, t2e baseli+e sub.issi*+ .ust beC%0sub.itted by t2e a33li/able deadli+e, 2et2er *r +*t E!A 2as de/ided t*C10a33r*-e *r disa33r*-e t2e re5uest0C@0

CC0C40 'ub.issi*+ Re5uire.e+tsC=0 ased *+ /*..e+ts t* its 3r*3*sals, E!A 2as deter.i+ed t2at aC60+u.ber * its 3r*3*sed baseli+e sub.issi*+ re5uire.e+ts ere +*tC)03erti+e+t t* a baseli+e deter.i+ati*+0 E!A is t2us re5uiri+g t2at, atC&0.i+i.u., t2e i+*r.ati*+ des/ribed i+ 'e/0 &%09C be i+/luded i+ t2eC90baseli+e sub.issi*+0 I+*r.ati*+ *+ /rudes a+d rei+ery u+it *3erati*+s4%0is still re5uired be/ause E!A .ay is2 t* e-aluate baseli+e sub.issi*+s410usi+g a rei+ery l* si.ulati*+ syste.0 E!A 3la+s t* de-el*3 a sa.3le4@0baseli+e sub.issi*+ d*/u.e+t 2i/2 s2*uld be a-ailable s**+ ater4C0t*day0440

4=0 Alt2*ug2 +*t 3re-i*usly re5uired i+ t2e baseli+e sub.issi*+, t2e460ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati* *r ea/2 /ale+dar year 199% t2r*ug2 199C4)0.ust +* be i+/luded0 T2e ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati* is dis/ussed4&0urt2er i+ 'e/ti*+ I, a+d is dei+ed i+ 'e/0 &%01%@0 8eter.i+ati*+ *490t2is rati* is als* sube/t t* audit*r -erii/ati*+, as is t2e e+tire=%0baseli+e sub.issi*+0=10

=@0 E!A .ay re5uire sub.ittal * .*re ete+si-e data i su/2 data is=C0re5uired t* aid E!A i+ its re-ie * t2e baseli+e sub.issi*+, *r i=40dis/re3a+/ies i+ a+y 3art * t2e baseli+e sub.issi*+ are *u+d0==0Additi*+al i+*r.ati*+ t2at .ay be useul t* E!A i+ its e-aluati*+ *=60t2e baseli+e sub.issi*+ .ay be i+/luded, at t2e rei+er?s dis/reti*+0=)0 E!A is slig2tly e3a+di+g t2e /*+te+t re5uired i+ t2e state.e+t=&0sig+ed by t2e /2ie ee/uti-e *i/er 2i/2 is i+/luded i+ t2e baseli+e=90sub.issi*+0 T2e state.e+t .ust state t2at t2e data sub.itted is t2e



6%0ete+t * t2e data a-ailable *r t2e deter.i+ati*+ * ea/2 * t2e610re5uired baseli+e uel 3ara.eter -alues, t2at sa.3li+g .et2*d*l*gy a+d6@0baseli+e /al/ulati*+s .eet t2e re5uire.e+ts a+d i+te+ti*+s * t2e6C0rule.ai+g, a+d t2at t2e i+al baseli+e 3ara.eter a+d e.issi*+ -alues640listed re3rese+t its 199% gas*li+e, t* t2e best * 2is *r 2er

6=0+*ledge0660

6)0 I a rei+er *r i.3*rter desires t2at /ertai+ i+*r.ati*+ i+ t2e6&0baseli+e sub.issi*+ +*t be 3ubli/ly a-ailable, it .ust a assert a /lai.690* /*+ide+tiality, as dis/ussed bel*, a+d i+/lude t2is re5uest i+ t2e)%0baseli+e sub.issi*+0)10

)@0)C0 aseli+e A33r*-al)40 E!A ill a33r*-e baseli+es a+d u3*+ a33r*-al 3ublis2, i+ t2e)=0Federal Register, t2e sta+dards *r ea/2 a33li/able gas*li+e 3r*du/i+g)60*r i.3*rti+g a/ility * a rei+er, ble+der *r i.3*rter0 e/ause a))03arty?s baseli+e ill be/*.e its sta+dard *r /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e a+tidu.3i+g)&0a+d early re*r.ulated gas*li+e re5uire.e+ts, E!A belie-es t2e)90sta+dard s2*uld be 3ubli/ly +*+, a+d as dis/ussed bel*, t2ere are +*&%0/*.3elli+g reas*+s +*t t* 3ublis2 su/2 i+*r.ati*+0 Additi*+ally, su/2&10sta+dards are +*t e+titled t* /*+ide+tial treat.e+t 4% "FR @0C%1e;,&@0s3e/ial /*+ide+tiality rules a33li/able t* "lea+ Air A/t /ases;0 T2us,&C0u3*+ Age+/y a33r*-al * a baseli+e, t2e baseli+e e2aust be+7e+e,&40e2aust t*i/s a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s -alues a+d 1@= 3er/e+t * t2e&=0baseli+e sulur, *lei+s a+d T9% -alues s2all be 3ublis2ed0 T2is&60i+*r.ati*+ is re5uired *+ a rei+ery *r a/ility basis be/ause t2e&)0re*r.ulated gas*li+e re5uire.e+ts are *+ a rei+ery(basis, a+d be/ause&&0t2is i+*r.ati*+ +eeds t* be +*+ i+ t2e e-e+t a rei+ery /2a+ges&90*+ers09%0

910 B2ile E!A 3re-i*usly 3r*3*sed t2at it *uld 3ublis2 [email protected] -alues by rei+ery, it +* belie-es t2at +* substa+ti-e9C0/*..e+ts /*uld result r*. 3ublis2i+g su/2 i+*r.ati*+ be/ause * t2e940/*.3leity * t2e baseli+e deter.i+ati*+0 Additi*+ally, E!A reali7es9=0t2at /ertai+ as3e/ts * t2e baseli+e deter.i+ati*+ .ust +e/essarily960re.ai+ /*+ide+tial i+ *rder t* 3re-e+t seri*us, +egati-e /*.3etiti-e9)0ee/ts0 T2us E!A is all*i+g a+y 3ers*+ *r *rga+i7ati*+ 3r*-idi+g9&0i+*r.ati*+ t* E!A i+ /*++e/ti*+ it2 t2e deter.i+ati*+ * a baseli+e,990i+/ludi+g establis2i+g a baseli+e *r i+-estigati+g 3*ssible baseli+e1%%0 dis/re3a+/ies, t* assert t2at s*.e *r all * t2e i+*r.ati*+ sub.itted,1%10 e/e3t t2e baseli+e e.issi*+s *r 3ara.eter -alues 2i/2 are t2e1%@0 sta+dard *r a rei+er, rei+ery *r i.3*rter, is e+titled t*1%C0 /*+ide+tial treat.e+t as 3r*-ided i+ 4% "FR 3art @, sub3art @0 'u/2



T2e i+al rule diers r*. t2e earlier 3r*3*sals 3ri.arily i+ t2earea * ble+dst*/ a//*u+ti+g0 T2ese /2a+ges are dis/ussed i+ greaterdetail bel*0

Rei+ers a+d i.3*rters .ust establis2 i+di-idual 199% baseli+es i+*rder t* /*.3are t2e e.issi*+s /2ara/teristi/s * gas*li+e t2ey3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted i+ 199% it2 t2e e.issi*+s /2ara/teristi/s */*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted i+ 199= a+d later0 'eese/ti*+ VIII *r a dis/ussi*+ * t2e .et2*ds re5uired *r de-el*3.e+t* a+ i+di-idual baseli+e0 T2e baseli+e *r rei+ers 2* ere +*t i+busi+ess i+ 199%, a+d i+ /ertai+ /ases *r *t2er i.3*rters a+d rei+erble+ders,is t2e statut*ry baseli+e *u+d at 'e/0 &%091/;=; * t2eregulati*+s0

Rei+ers 2* *3erate .*re t2a+ *+e rei+ery 2a-e t2e *3ti*+ *de.*+strati+g /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e a+ti(du.3i+g 3r*-isi*+s *r ea/2rei+ery se3arately, *r t2e rei+er .ay gr*u3 its rei+eries a+d s2*/*.3lia+/e *r ea/2 gr*u3 se3arately 3r*-ided t2at ea/2 rei+ery?s3er*r.a+/e is a//*u+ted *r eit2er se3arately *r as 3art * a rei+erygr*u30 T2e rei+er?s rei+ery(gr*u3i+g ele/ti*+ .ay +*t be /2a+gedater t2e i+itial ele/ti*+0 le+dst*/ tra/i+g a+d a//*u+ti+g asdis/ussed bel*, .ust be deter.i+ed i+ a//*rda+/e it2 t2e sa.erei+ery gr*u3i+g as /2*se+ *r /*.3lia+/e 3ur3*ses0 T2e i+al rule 2as t2ree se3arate sets * /*.3lia+/e sta+dards *rdeter.i+i+g /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e a+ti(du.3i+g re5uire.e+ts, 2*e-er,*+ly *+e set a33lies t* a rei+er *r i.3*rter at a+y *+e ti.e0 T2eseare t2e 'i.3le M*del sta+dards a+d O3ti*+al "*.3le M*del sta+dards,t2at a33ly i+ 199=, 1996, a+d 199) a+d t2e Ma+dat*ry "*.3le M*delsta+dards t2at a33ly i+ 199& a+d t2ereater0 All t2ree sets *sta+dards re5uire rei+ers a+d i.3*rters t* a-erage /ertai+ 3r*3erties* /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e a+d de.*+strate /*.3lia+/e it2 3res/ribedsta+dards, 2i/2 i+ s*.e /ases are a/tual uel 3r*3erties a+d i+ *t2ersare e.issi*+s 3r*du/ts /al/ulated r*. s3e/ii/ uel 3r*3erties0J'!K)9

P)P9 F*r a dis/ussi*+ * issues /*+/er+i+g 2i/2 3r*3erties *r3*lluta+ts are /*-ered i+ t2e ederal a+ti(du.3i+g 3r*gra., seese/ti*+ VIII * t2is 3rea.ble a+d t2e N*ti/e * !r*3*sed Rule.ai+g,3ublis2ed <uly 9, 1991 =6 FR C1@19(C1@@@;0

+der t2e 'i.3le M*del sta+dards, a rei+er *r i.3*rter is re5uired



t* de.*+strate *+ a+ a++ual basis t2at a-erage e2aust be+7e+ee.issi*+s * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e d* +*t e/eed t2e rei+er?s *ri.3*rter?s 199% /*.3lia+/e baseli+e *r e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s, a+dt2at a-erage sulur, *lei+s a+d T9% ea/2 d* +*t e/eed 1@= * t2erei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s 199% a-erage le-els *r ea/2 * t2ese

3ara.eters0 +der t2e O3ti*+al "*.3le M*del sta+dards, a++ual a-eragele-els * e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s, -*lu.e eig2ted *r ea/2 bat/2 asdeter.i+ed u+der t2e a33li/able .*del, .ay +*t e/eed t2e rei+er?s *ri.3*rter?s 199% a-erage e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s /al/ulated i+ t2esa.e .a++er0 +der t2e Ma+dat*ry "*.3le M*del sta+dards, a++uala-erage le-els * e2aust t*i/ e.issi*+s a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s,-*lu.e eig2ted *r ea/2 bat/2 as deter.i+ed u+der t2e a33li/able.*del, .ay +*t e/eed t2e rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s 199% a-erage le-els*r e2aust t*i/ e.issi*+s a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s /al/ulated i+ t2esa.e .a++er0 Rei+ers a+d i.3*rters are re5uired t* deter.i+e t2ee.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e *r ea/2 bat/2 * gas*li+e i+ eit2er t2ea33li/able su..er *r i+ter .*del based *+ 2et2er *r +*t t2e bat/2 2asbee+ desig+ated t* /*.3ly it2 E!A -*latility re5uire.e+ts0 T2e i+al rule 3r*-ides t2at i+ 199=, 1996, a+d 199), rei+ers a+di.3*rters .ay deter.i+e /*.3lia+/e based *+ eit2er t2e 'i.3le M*delsta+dards *r t2e O3ti*+al "*.3le M*del sta+dards, at t2eir *3ti*+0D*e-er, a rei+er t2at 3r*du/es re*r.ulated gas*li+e u+der t2e 'i.3leM*del .ust use t2e 'i.3le M*del a+ti(du.3i+g sta+dards, a+d a rei+ert2at 3r*du/es re*r.ulated gas*li+e u+der t2e *3ti*+al /*.3le .*del.ust use it2 t2e O3ti*+al "*.3le M*del a+ti(du.3i+g sta+dards0 Rei+ers a+d i.3*rters are re5uired t* i+/lude t2e *ll*i+g3r*du/ts, 2i/2 are 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted duri+g ea/2 a-eragi+g 3eri*d,i+ a+ti(du.3i+g /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s: /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e +*+gas*li+e3etr*leu. 3r*du/ts i re5uired u+der t2e ble+dst*/ a//*u+ti+g3r*-isi*+s dis/ussed bel*; a+d gas*li+e ble+di+g st*/ 2i/2 be/*.es/*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e u3*+ t2e additi*+ * *yge+ate dis/ussed bel*;0 I+ additi*+, *yge+ate t2at is added t* a rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?sgas*li+e *r ble+dst*/ d*+strea. * t2e rei+ery *r i.3*rt a/ility.ay be i+/luded i+ t2e rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s*+ly i t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter is able t* de.*+strate it2 /ertai+tyt2at t2e *yge+ate 2as bee+ added t* t2at 3arty?s gas*li+e0 !r*-isi*+sare i+/luded i+ t2e i+al rule *r t2e .a++er i+ 2i/2 rei+ers a+di.3*rters .ust .ae t2is de.*+strati*+0 Oyge+ate ble+ded d*+strea. .ay be /*u+ted by a rei+er *ri.3*rter i t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter de.*+strates t2at it 3er*r.ed t2e*yge+ate ble+di+g0 I+ additi*+, t2e *yge+ate .ay be /*u+ted i t2eble+di+g is /*+du/ted by a ble+der it2 2*. t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter2as a /*+tra/t t2at s3e/iies 3r*/edures i+te+ded t* e+sure 3r*3erble+di+g, a+d t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter .*+it*rs t2e d*+strea. ble+di+g*3erati*+ t2r*ug2 audits, i+s3e/ti*+s, a+d sa.3li+g a+d testi+g * t2egas*li+e 3r*du/ed at t2e ble+di+g *3erati*+0 T2ese d*+strea. *yge+ateble+di+g 3r*-isi*+s are dis/ussed .*re ully bel*0



Rei+ers a+d i.3*rters als* 2a-e t2e *3ti*+ * deter.i+i+g/*.3lia+/e *r e2aust NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e eit2er it2 *rit2*ut t2e i+/lusi*+ * *yge+ates 3r*-ided t2at t2e baseli+e NOJINFK3er*r.a+/e is deter.i+ed i+ t2e sa.e .a++er0 Rei+ers a+d i.3*rters.ay ele/t t* sit/2 *+e ti.e u+der /ertai+ /*+diti*+s 2i/2 are

dis/ussed .*re ully i+ 'e/ti*+ VIII * t2e Regulat*ry I.3a/t A+alysis0 E+*r/e.e+t * t2e a+ti(du.3i+g sta+dards u+der t2is rule /*+sists* a /*.bi+ati*+ * .e/2a+is.s t* .*+it*r /*.3lia+/e it2 t2eregulati*+s, i+/ludi+g: rei+erLi.3*rter sa.3li+g a+d testi+g *gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted re/*rd ee3i+g re3*rti+g a++ual auditsby rei+ers a+d i.3*rters a+d Age+/y audits0 T2e i+al rule s3e/iies t2e .a++er i+ 2i/2 3e+alties ill bedeter.i+ed *r -i*lati*+s * t2e a+ti(du.3i+g re5uire.e+ts * t2e i+alrule0 T2ese 3e+alty 3r*-isi*+s i+/lude /al/ulati*+s * t2e +u.ber *days * -i*lati*+, a+d 3resu.3ti*+s regardi+g t2e 3r*3erties *gas*li+e0

+der t2e a+ti(du.3i+g re5uire.e+ts i+ t2e i+al rule, /ertai+rei+ers are als* re5uired t* a//*u+t *r ble+dst*/s t2at are3r*du/ed0 T2e 3ri+/i3al 3*li/y reas*+ *r i.3*si+g ble+dst*/ tra/i+ga+d a//*u+ti+g is t2at, u+less 3r*s/ribed, /ertai+ rei+ers ill 2a-ea+ i+/e+ti-e t* tra+ser ble+dst*/s based *+ t2e diere+/es i+baseli+es t2at ill eist0 T2ese diere+/es t2us /*uld result i+ t2etra+ser * t2e >>3r*du/ti*+?? * gas*li+e r*. a rei+ery it2 a .*rerig*r*us baseli+e t* a+*t2er rei+ery it2 a less rig*r*us baseli+e,t2r*ug2 t2e tra+ser * ble+dst*/s0 T2is tra+ser(*(ble+dst*/s/*+/er+ is des/ribed .*re ully bel*0 Rei+ers a+d i.3*rters are re5uired t* establis2 a baseli+e * t2e-*lu.e * /ertai+ s3e/iied ble+dst*/sJ'!K&% 3r*du/ed a+d tra+serredt* *t2ers, relati-e t* t2e -*lu.e * gas*li+e 3r*du/ed t2e>>ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati*??;0 T2is baseli+e is establis2ed bydeter.i+i+g, *r ea/2 /ale+dar year 199% t2r*ug2 199C, t2e -*lu.es *ble+dst*/s 3r*du/ed a+d tra+serred, t2e -*lu.es * gas*li+e 3r*du/ed,a+d /al/ulati+g t2e a++ual a+d *ur(year a-erage ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+erati*s0 Rei+ers .ay i+/lude i+ baseli+e /al/ulati*+s *+ly t2*se-*lu.es * ble+dst*/s *r 2i/2 t2e rei+er is able t* de.*+strate t2eble+dst*/ as used i+ t2e 3r*du/ti*+ * gas*li+e0 T2is baseli+eble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati* .ust be establis2ed usi+g t2e baseli+eauditi+g 3r*/edures des/ribed i+ 'e/0 &%09C0

P&P%T2e ble+dst*/ tra/i+g re5uire.e+ts a33ly *+ly t* /ertai+ble+dst*/s t2at 2a-e 3r*3erties t2at are >>dirtier?? t2a+ t2e 199%"lea+ Air A/t a-erage uel 3ara.eters *r a+ti(du.3i+g0 se * t2eter. >>ble+dst*/?? als* .ea+s t2at tra/i+g a33lies *+ly t* +*+gas*li+e



3etr*leu. 3r*du/ts t2at are used i+ t2e 3r*du/ti*+ *gas*li+e see 4% "FR &%0@s;;0 As a result, rei+ers a+d i.3*rtersare +*t re5uired t* tra/ +*+(gas*li+e 3etr*leu. 3r*du/ts 2ere t2erei+er *r i.3*rter /a+ de.*+strate t2ese 3r*du/ts are used *r a3ur3*se *t2er t2a+ gas*li+e ble+di+g0

egi++i+g i+ 199=, rei+ers are re5uired t* deter.i+e t2eble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati* *r ea/2 /ale+dar year /*.3lia+/e 3eri*d0T2is /*.3lia+/e 3eri*d rati* is t2e+ /*.3ared it2 t2e baseli+e rati*08uri+g ea/2 year 199= t2r*ug2 199), t2e a++ual /*.3lia+/e 3eri*d rati*is /*.3ared it2 t2e largest rati* * t2e i+di-idual a++ual baseli+erati*s0 egi++i+g i+ 199&, t2e /*.3lia+/e 3eri*d rati* ill be t2eru++i+g *ur(year a-erage * t2e a++ual rati*s,J'!K&1 i+stead * a+a++ual rati*0 T2is is t2e+ /*.3ared it2 t2e baseli+e *ur(year a-eragerati*0

P&P1 I+ 199&, t2e /*.3lia+/e 3eri*d rati* /*+sists * t2ea-erage * t2e rati*s *r 199= t2r*ug2 199& i+ 1999, t2e /*.3lia+/e3eri*d rati* /*+sists * t2e a-erage * t2e rati*s *r 1996 t2r*ug21999 et/0

I+ t2e /ase * b*t2 t2e a++ual /*.3aris*+s be*re 199&, a+d t2ea-erage /*.3aris*+s begi++i+g i+ 199&, i t2e /*.3lia+/e 3eri*d rati*e/eeds t2e baseli+e rati* by te+ 3er/e+t *r .*re s3e/ial ble+dst*/a//*u+ti+g .ust be /arried *ut by t2e rei+er, u+less /ertai+ee.3ti*+s are .et *r t2e rei+er 2as bee+ gra+ted a ai-er byE!A0J'!K&@ T2ese e/e3ti*+s t* ble+dst*/ a//*u+ti+g are dis/ussed.*re ully bel*0

P&P@ F*r ea.3le, i t2e largest baseli+e a++ual rati* *r arei+ery is =, a+d t2e 199= rati* *r t2at rei+ery is 1%, t2is



i+/rease *uld be 1%%, a+d s3e/ial ble+dst*/ a//*u+ti+g *uld bere5uired *r t2at rei+ery u+less ee.3ted *r *t2er reas*+s0

I+ a /ase 2ere s3e/ial ble+dst*/ a//*u+ti+g is re5uired, t2erei+er .ust i+/lude t2e 3r*3erties * all ble+dst*/s 3r*du/ed i+ its/*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s *r t2e t* subse5ue+t a-eragi+g 3eri*ds0 I+additi*+, t2e rei+er .ust +*tiy a+y re/i3ie+ts * su/2 >>a//*u+ted*r??ble+dst*/s t2at t2e d*+strea. 3arty .ay +*t i+/lude t2e3r*3erties i+ t2at 3arty?s /al/ulati*+s0 T2e se/*+d a+d subse5ue+tti.es t2at t2e /*.3lia+/e 3eri*d rati* e/eeds t2e te+ 3er/e+tt2res2*ld, s3e/ial ble+dst*/ a//*u+ti+g is re5uired *r t2e *ur yearssubse5ue+t t* t2e se/*+d e/eeda+/e0

T2e i+al rule i+/ludes a 3r*-isi*+ t2at all*s a rei+er t*3etiti*+ *r a ai-er r*. s3e/ial ble+dst*/ a//*u+ti+g i+ a /ase2ere t2e -*lu.e * ble+dst*/ 3r*du/ed is t2e result * etre.e *ru+usual /ir/u.sta+/es 2i/2 are /learly *utside t2e /*+tr*l * t2erei+er a+d /*uld +*t 2a-e bee+ a-*ided, su/2 as ire, a//ide+t, *r+atural disaster0

le+dst*/ tra/i+g is li.ited u+der t2e i+al rule0 Rei+ers it2a+ a++ual /*.3lia+/e 3eri*d ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati* * t2ree3er/e+t *r less are ee.3t r*. s3e/ial ble+dst*/ a//*u+ti+g,regardless * 2* t2e /*.3lia+/e 3eri*d rati* /*.3ares it2 t2ebaseli+e rati*0 T2is ee.3ti*+ is i+/luded be/ause, i+ su/2 a/ir/u.sta+/e, t2ere are li.ited e+-ir*+.e+tal ee/ts, a+d t2e 3arty2as a li.ited ability t* gai+ e/*+*.i/ ad-a+tage r*. tra+serri+g3r*du/ti*+ t* a less rig*r*us baseli+e0 T2e i+al rule als* e/ludes r*. t2e ble+dst*/ tra/i+g a+da//*u+ti+g re5uire.e+ts ble+dst*/s t2at are e3*rted, tra+serred t* arei+er *r use as a rei+ery eedst*/, *r are tra+serred betee+rei+eries t2at 2a-e bee+ aggregated u+der a /*..*+ baseli+e0 Als*e/luded are tra+sers *r *t2er t2a+ gas*li+e ble+di+g 3ur3*ses, e0g0,tra+sers * 3r*du/t *r use i+ a /2e.i/al 3r*/ess, be/ause su/2 *t2ert2a+(gas*li+e(ble+di+g use re+ders t2e 3r*du/t +*+(ble+dst*/ bydei+iti*+0 'u/2 tra+sa/ti*+s are +*t i+di/ati-e * a+ atte.3t by arei+er t* gai+ a+ i.3r*3er baseli+e0

A0 le+dst*/ A//*u+ti+g

E!A?s 1991 N*ti/e O !r*3*sed Rule.ai+g *r t2e a+ti(du.3i+g3r*gra. 3r*3*sed /*.3lia+/e based *+ t2e 3r*3erties * i+is2edgas*li+e *+ly a+d did +*t address a//*u+ti+g *r ble+dst*/s0



"*..e+ters *+ t2is N*ti/e stated t2at t2e 3r*3*sed a+ti(du.3i+gregulati*+s *uld /reate t2e *33*rtu+ity *r /ertai+ rei+ers t* a-*idt2e +*r.ally(a33li/able baseli+e t2r*ug2 t2e tra+ser * gas*li+eble+dst*/s t* a+*t2er rei+er it2 a .*re le+ie+t baseli+e0 T2is*33*rtu+ity deri-es r*. t2e a/t t2at t2e 199% i+di-idual baseli+e *r

a large 3er/e+tage * t2e rei+ers is .*re stri+ge+t t2a+ t2e 199%a-erage0 A//*rdi+g t* t2e /*..e+ters, a rei+er 2* *3erates a rei+eryit2 su/2 a .*re(stri+ge+t(t2a+(a-erage baseli+e /*uld ee/ti-elya/2ie-e a+ easier baseli+e by s2iti+g ble+dst*/s 3r*du/ed at t2atrei+ery t* a+*t2er rei+ery it2 a less stri+ge+t baseli+e0 #as*li+e/*uld t2e+ be >>3r*du/ed?? at t2e ble+dst*/(tra+seree rei+ery usi+gble+dst*/s 3r*du/ed at t2e ble+dst*/(tra+ser*r rei+ery0 T2isstrategy /*uld be a//*.3lis2ed, *r ea.3le, t2r*ug2 t2e tra+ser *ble+dst*/s t* a rei+er(ble+der 2* *uld use t2e statut*ry a-eragebaseli+e, su/2 as a +e busi+ess0 "*..e+ters stated /*+/er+ t2atrei+ers usi+g t2is strategy *uld a/2ie-e a sig+ii/a+t /*.3etiti-ead-a+tage0

E!A agreed it2 t2ese /*+/er+s, a+d i+ t2e 199@ 'u33le.e+tal N*ti/e* !r*3*sed Rule.ai+g 3r*3*sed re5uire.e+ts *+ t2e .et2*ds *a//*u+ti+g *r gas*li+e ble+dst*/s0 T2is ble+dst*/ a//*u+ti+g3r*3*sal as i+/luded t* li.it t2e ad-erse e+-ir*+.e+tal ee/ts *su/2 3r*du/ti*+ tra+sers, by e+suri+g t2at ea/2 rei+er .eets t2ea+ti(du.3i+g sta+dards usi+g t2e baseli+e t2at 3r*3erly a33lies t* t2erei+er0

I+ *rder t* a-*id t2e baseli+e(s2iti+g 3*ssibility, E!A 3r*3*sedt2at rei+ers *uld be re5uired t* eit2er i+/lude i+ t2e rei+ery/*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s all ble+dst*/s 3r*du/ed at a rei+ery, *r t2e3r*du/ts *uld be 3r*2ibited *r subse5ue+t use i+ ble+di+g gas*li+e0+der t2is 3r*3*sal, rei+ers *uld be re5uired, it2 /ertai+e/e3ti*+s, t* /2e.i/ally .ar u+(a//*u+ted(*r 3r*du/ts t* e+sure t2eyare +*t used by d*+strea. 3arties *r gas*li+e ble+di+g0 T2is 3r*3*sali+/luded 3r*-isi*+s i+te+ded t* e+sure t2at ble+dst*/ *uld bei+/luded i+ a+ti(du.3i+g /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s by *+ly *+e rei+er,a+d 3r*2ibiti*+s i+te+ded t* 3re-e+t t2e use * .ared 3etr*leu.3r*du/ts i+ gas*li+e 3r*du/ti*+0

"*..e+ters *+ t2e 199@ 3r*3*sal *be/ted t* t2e ble+dst*/a//*u+ti+gL.ari+g s/2e.e be/ause * its i.3a/t *+ t2e rei+i+gi+dustry0 "*..e+ters raised /*+/er+s regardi+g t2e liability s/2e.e a+dt2e 3a3er*r re5uire.e+ts ass*/iated it2 t2e a//*u+ti+g a+d t2e.ari+g * ble+dst*/s0 "*..e+ters als* /*+te+ded t2at t2e .ari+g *ble+dst*/s *uld be disru3ti-e t* t2e /2e.i/al i+dustry0



I+ res3*+se t* t2ese /*..e+ts, E!A 3r*3*sed a sig+ii/a+tly re-isedble+dst*/ a//*u+ti+g .e/2a+is. i+ t2e 199C 'u33le.e+tal N*ti/e *!r*3*sed Rule.ai+g0 T2is 3r*3*sal eli.i+ated t2e re5uire.e+t t2atrei+ers a//*u+t(*r *r .ar ble+dst*/s a+d eli.i+ated t2e3r*2ibiti*+s a+d liabilities ass*/iated it2 t2e use * .ared

ble+dst*/0 +der t2is re-ised .e/2a+is., rei+ers *uld be re5uired t*.*+it*r t2e -*lu.e * /ertai+ ble+dst*/s 3r*du/ed at ea/2 rei+eryrelati-e t* t2e -*lu.e * gas*li+e 3r*du/ed0 I *r a+y year t2e3r*3*rti*+ * a rei+ery?s 3r*du/ti*+ t2at is ble+dst*/ t2e>>ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati*??; i+/reased relati-e t* t2e rei+ery?sbaseli+e ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati* by te+ 3er/e+t *r .*re, it2/ertai+ e/e3ti*+s t2e rei+ery *uld be re5uired t* a//*u+t *r allble+dst*/s 3r*du/ed at t2e rei+ery duri+g t2e year * t2e ailure, *ri+ t2e alter+ati-e a+y ble+der(re/i3ie+t * ble+dst*/ 3r*du/ed at t2atrei+ery *uld be re5uired t* use t2e rei+ery?s baseli+e 2e+a//*u+ti+g *r su/2 ble+dst*/ duri+g t2e year * t2e ailure0 +der t2e 3r*3*sal, a rei+er *uld be ee.3t r*. s3e/ialble+dst*/ a//*u+ti+g i t2e rei+er?s ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati* *ra+y /*.3lia+/e year is t2ree 3er/e+t *r less, regardless * 2* t2ei+/rease /*.3ares it2 t2e baseli+e rati*0 le+dst*/ tra/i+g *uld bere5uired *+ly *r rei+ers 2a-i+g a 199% baseli+e .*re stri+ge+t t2a+t2e a+ti(du.3i+g statut*ry baseli+e0 T2ese 3r*-isi*+s ere desig+ed t*li.it t2e ble+dst*/ a//*u+ti+g 3r*-isi*+s t* t2*se /ir/u.sta+/es 2eret2ere is liely t* be a+ e+-ir*+.e+tal 3r*ble.0 T2is als* *uld 2el3 t*a-*id u++e/essary /*sts a+d burde+s *+ t2e regulated /*..u+ity0 I+ a+y/ase 2ere E!A /a+ s2* t2at a rei+er tra+serred ble+dst*/s i+ *rdert* e-ade a .*re stri+ge+t baseli+e, 2*e-er, t2e s3e/ial ble+dst*/a//*u+ti+g *uld be re5uired0

T2e 3r*3*sed regulati*+s *uld re5uire rei+ers t* tra/ *+lys3e/iied ble+dst*/s t2at 2a-e 3r*3erties t2at are >>dirtier?? t2a++*r.al a+ti(du.3i+g baseli+e 3r*3erties a list * su/2 ble+dst*/s asi+/luded0 I+ additi*+, tra/i+g *uld +*t be re5uired u+der t2e3r*3*sal *r 3etr*leu. 3r*du/ts t2e rei+er /*uld establis2 are used*r +*+(gas*li+e(ble+di+g 3ur3*ses0

E!A re/ei-ed substa+tial /*..e+ts *+ t2e ble+dst*/ a//*u+ti+g.e/2a+is. i+/luded i+ t2e 199C 3r*3*sal0 'e-eral /*..e+ts addressed t2e .a++er i+ 2i/2 t2e /*.3lia+/e3eri*d ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati*s are /*.3ared t* t2e baseli+erati*s0 'e-eral /*..e+ters said t2at t2e ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati**r a+y a++ual a-eragi+g 3eri*d s2*uld be /*.3ared t* t2e largestsi+gle(year rati* duri+g t2e baseli+e 3eri*d, a+d +*t t* a .ulti(yeara-eragi+g 3eri*d as 3r*3*sed0 T2is /2a+ge is +e/essary, a//*rdi+g t**+e /*..e+ter, be/ause rei+ery e5ui3.e+t is s2ut(d*+ *r .ai+te+a+/e



all*i+g rei+ers t* 3ass t2e rei+er(baseli+e t* d*+strea. ble+derrei+ersi+ *rder t* all* .*re leibility i+ .eeti+g t2e a+ti(du.3i+gre5uire.e+ts0 E!A +* belie-es t2at t2is leibility ad-a+tage is*uteig2ed by /*u+ter-aili+g /*+siderati*+s, i+/ludi+g t2e /*.3leityt2at results r*. t2is *3ti*+, t2e e5uity i+ 3la/i+g t2e ble+dst*/

a//*u+ti+g res3*+sibility *+ly *+ t2e rei+er 2* 2as /*+tr*l *-er t2e-*lu.e * ble+dst*/s t2at is 3r*du/ed, a+d t2e i+e5uity t2at /*uldresult i a rei+er i.3*sed a .*re stri+ge+t baseli+e *+ d*+strea.ble+der(rei+ers0

O+e /*..e+ter e3ressed /*+/er+ t2at t2e reas*+ E!A 3r*3*sedble+dst*/ a//*u+ti+g .easures as t* 3re-e+t +e ble+der(rei+ers r*.e+teri+g t2e .aret i+ *rder t* /*rre/t a 3er/ei-ed >>l**32*le?? i+ t2e3r*3*sed rules, a+d t2at su/2 .aret .a+i3ulati*+ by E!A isi+a33r*3riate0

E!A agrees t2at t2e a+ti(du.3i+g 3r*gra. s2*uld +*t 3re/lude +eble+ders r*. e+teri+g t2e .aret, a+d d*es +*t belie-e t2at t2e i+alregulati*+s 2a-e su/2 a result0 A+y rei+er 2* e+ters t2e .aretbegi++i+g i+ 199= ill 2a-e t2e sa.e regulat*ry re5uire.e+ts asrei+ers 2* ere i+ busi+ess be*re t2at date0 T2ey * /*urse ill2a-e t2e statut*ry baseli+e a+d +*t a baseli+e t2at is .*re stri+ge+tt2a+ t2e statut*ry baseli+e0 A +e rei+er *uld t2ere*re +*t besube/t t* t2e ble+dst*/ a//*u+ti+g re5uire.e+ts0 E!A 2as i.3le.e+ted t2e *ll*i+g /2a+ges i+ t2e i+al rule i+res3*+se t* /*..e+ts: 1; T2e gas*li+e 3*rti*+ * t2e /*.3lia+/e 3eri*dble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati* 2as bee+ e3a+ded t* i+/lude all gas*li+e3r*du/ed, i+/ludi+g re*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d RO, be/ause a/*.3aris*+ t* /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e al*+e *uld .*re liely /ause t2etrigger t* be e/eeded a+d +*t re3rese+t true i+/ide+/es * du.3i+g@; straig2t ru+ +a32t2a 2as bee+ e/luded r*. t2e list * a33li/ableble+dst*/s t2at are i+/luded i+ t2e ble+dst*/ 3*rti*+ * t2eble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati*, be/ause 3r*3erties * t2is 3r*du/t are/lea+er t2a+ t2e a+ti(du.3i+g statut*ry baseli+e a+d C; eedst*/s,e3*rted ble+dst*/s, a+d ble+dst*/s tra+serred betee+ rei+eriest2at are aggregated *r /*.3lia+/e 3ur3*ses are e/luded r*. t2eble+dst*/ 3*rti*+ * t2e rati*, as t2ey are +*t i+di/ati-e * atra+ser * 3r*du/ti*+ t* a-*id a .*re stri+ge+t baseli+e0 E!A 3r*3*sed t2at rei+ers *uld be ee.3t r*. s3e/ial ble+dst*/a//*u+ti+g i t2e /*.3lia+/e 3eri*d ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati* ist2ree 3er/e+t *r less, regardless * 2* t2is rati* /*.3ares it2 t2ebaseli+e rati*0 O+e /*..e+ter stated t2at E!A s2*uld eit2er redu/e t2et2ree 3er/e+t t2res2*ld *r t2is ee.3ti*+, *r eli.i+ate t2e ee.3ti*+alt*get2er0 T2e /*..e+ter /lai.ed t2at rei+ers /*uld 3r*du/e 3ri.arilydirty ble+dst*/s e0g0, be+7e+e; it2i+ t2e t2ree 3er/e+t li.it *r



sale i+t* t2e d*+strea. .aret, 2i/2 *uld result i+ e+-ir*+.e+taldegradati*+0 T2is /*..e+ter urt2er stated t2at it2 t2e t2ree 3er/e+tee.3ti*+, *+ly a33r*i.ately itee+ 3er/e+t * rei+ers *uld bere5uired t* .*+it*r t2e ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati* u+der E!A?s3r*3*sed s/2e.e0 T2is /*..e+ter als* stated t2at t2e ble+dst*/

tra/i+g 3r*-isi*+s s2*uld a33ly t* all rei+ers a+d +*t *+ly t*3arties it2 .*re(rig*r*us(t2a+(statut*ry baseli+es, be/ause all3arties 2a-e t2e *33*rtu+ity t* sell dirty ble+dst*/s i+t* t2ed*+strea. .aret0

E!A disagrees it2 t2e /*+/er+ raised by t2is /*..e+t0 A+y 3arty2* /*.bi+es ble+dst*/s t* 3r*du/e /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e, *r 2*/*.bi+es ble+dst*/s *t2er t2a+ *yge+ate; it2 /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e,is /*+sidered t* be a >>rei+er?? u+der t2e a+ti(du.3i+g regulati*+s,a+d is re5uired t* .eet all a+ti(du.3i+g sta+dards a+d re5uire.e+ts0M*re*-er, su/2 a ble+der(rei+er is re5uired t* .eet a+ti(du.3i+gsta+dards *+ly *+ t2e basis * t2e -*lu.e a+d 3r*3erties * t2eble+dst*/ used, a+d .ay +*t i+/lude i+ /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s t2e-*lu.e a+d 3r*3erties * a+y gas*li+e used i+ ble+di+g0 A+y ble+derrei+er.ust, t2ere*re, *set a+y >>dirty?? ble+dst*/s used it2sui/ie+t >>/lea+?? ble+dst*/s t* .eet t2e a+ti(du.3i+g sta+dards *+a-erage0 M*st d*+strea. ble+der(rei+ers ill be sube/t t* t2e a+tidu.3i+gstatut*ry baseli+e0

E!A belie-es t2ese re5uire.e+ts *+ ble+der(rei+ers ill li.it t2e*33*rtu+ities *r rei+ers t* 3r*du/e a+d sell >>dirty?? ble+dst*/s0I+ additi*+, be/ause a+y >>dirty?? ble+dst*/s .ust be *set it2>>/lea+?? ble+dst*/s t2e gas*li+e 3r*du/ed ill /ause +* e+-ir*+.e+taldegradati*+0

E!A d*es +*t agree it2 t2e /*..e+t t2at all rei+ers /*uld gai+ a+ad-a+tage r*. s2iti+g ble+dst*/s regardless * t2eir baseli+e0 O+lyrei+ers it2 a baseli+e .*re(stri+ge+t(t2a+(statut*ry /*uld s2itble+dst*/s t* a+*t2er rei+er it2 t2e a-erage baseli+e a+d t2ereby/ir/u.-e+t t2e a+ti(du.3i+g re5uire.e+ts0 F*r a rei+er it2 a lessstri+ge+t(t2a+(statut*ry baseli+e, t2e statut*ry baseli+e is .*restri+ge+t0 As a result, ble+dst*/ s2ited by su/2 a rei+er t* a+*t2errei+er it2 t2e statut*ry baseli+e *uld 2a-e t* .eet sta+dards as.easured agai+st a .*re stri+ge+t baseli+e0 A rei+er it2 a lessstri+ge+t(t2a+(statut*ry baseli+e si.ilarly *uld +*t be able t*/ir/u.-e+t t2e baseli+e 3r*-isi*+s .erely by s2iti+g ble+dst*/ t*a+*t2er rei+er it2 a+ e-e+ less stri+ge+t i+di-idual rei+ery 199%baseli+e, be/ause t2e -*lu.e * gas*li+e t2at .ay be 3r*du/ed agai+stt2e i+di-idual rei+ery 199% baseli+e is li.ited t* t2e se/*+d



rei+er?s 199% e5ui-ale+t gas*li+e -*lu.e0J'!K&C "*.3lia+/e *r a+ygas*li+e 3r*du/ed i+ e/ess * t2e 199% e5ui-ale+t gas*li+e -*lu.e is.easured agai+st t2e "lea+ Air A/t statut*ry baseli+e0 I+ /*+se5ue+/e,i ble+dst*/s are s2ited by *+e rei+er t* a+*t2er it2 a .*rele+ie+t baseli+e, i+ ee/t t2e s2ited ble+dst*/ .ust .eet sta+dards

.easured agai+st t2e statut*ry baseli+e0

P&PCT2e 199% e5ui-ale+t gas*li+e -*lu.e is a /al/ulated -*lu.et2at subtra/ts r*. t2e rei+er?s 199% t*tal gas*li+e -*lu.e t2e-*lu.e * re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*du/ed by t2e rei+er duri+g t2e/*.3lia+/e 3eri*d0

As a result, E!A 2as +*t i+/luded i+ t2e i+al rule a+y 3r*-isi*+st2at *uld li.it t2e -*lu.es * ble+dst*/s t2at are 3r*du/ed a+d s*ld,e/e3t *r t2e 3r*-isi*+s i+te+ded t* address t2e baseli+e(s2iti+gstrategy0

0 I+/lusi*+ * Oyge+ate i+ A+ti(8u.3i+g "*.3lia+/e "al/ulati*+s

Oyge+ates are i+/luded i+ t2e set * 3r*du/ts t2at .ay be i+/ludedi+ a+ti(du.3i+g /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s u+der /ertai+ /*+diti*+s,be/ause t2e *yge+ate used i+ t2e 3r*du/ti*+ * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+ealters t2e results * t2e a+ti(du.3i+g /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s0 As aresult, 2ere a rei+er *r i.3*rter is able t* establis2 t2at *yge+ateis i+ a/t added t* gas*li+e *r ble+dst*/ 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted by t2at3arty, it is a33r*3riate t* all* t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter t* i+/ludet2e *yge+ate i+ /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s0 T2is a33r*a/2 t* *yge+ateuse u+der a+ti(du.3i+g is /*+siste+t it2 t2e 3r*3*sals, but t2e i+alrule /lariies t2e .a++er i+ 2i/2 3arties .ust de.*+strate t2at*yge+ate is i+ a/t used0

I+ t2e 'N!RM 9@ a+d 'N!RM 9C, E!A 3r*3*sed t2at t2e i+/lusi*+ **yge+ate -*lu.e i+ /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s by rei+ers a+d i.3*rters*uld be *3ti*+al, e/e3t as re5uired i+ t2e /al/ulati*+ * *t2ere2aust e.issi*+ 3r*du/ts u+der t2e a33li/able .*del0 T2ese 3r*3*salsdid +*t, 2*e-er, s3e/iy t2e .a++er i+ 2i/2 t2e *yge+ate use s2*i+g.ust be .ade0 E!A belie-es t2e 3r*-isi*+s i+/luded i+ t2e i+al ruledeali+g it2 t2e *yge+ate use s2*i+g duri+g /*.3lia+/e 3eri*ds is+e/essary i+ *rder t* e+sure /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e e.issi*+s area//urately re3*rted0J'!K&4



P&P4E!A 3r*3*sed t2at a+y rei+er *r i.3*rter 2* ele/ts t*i+/lude *yge+ate i+ its /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s *uld be re5uiredt* i+/lude *yge+ates i+ its 199% baseli+e as ell0 +der t2e i+alrule, 2*e-er, rei+ers a+d i.3*rters are re5uired t* i+/lude*yge+ate i+ a+ti(du.3i+g baseli+es 2et2er *r +*t *yge+ate isi+/luded i+ /*.3lia+/e /al/uati*+s0 T2e baseli+e(setti+g 3r*/ess,i+/ludi+g t2e treat.e+t * *yge+ate, is dis/ussed i+ 3rea.blese/ti*+ VIII0

Oyge+ate ble+ders are +*t re5uired t* de.*+strate /*.3lia+/e it2a+ti(du.3i+g sta+dards be/ause t2e ble+di+g * *yge+ate 2as *+ly a3*siti-e ee/t *+ t2e 5uality * gas*li+e *r ble+dst*/ it2 2i/2*yge+ate is ble+ded it2 regard t* t2e 3r*3erties *r e.issi*+ 3r*du/tsregulated u+der a+ti(du.3i+g0J'!K&=

P&P=+der 4% "FR &%0@ll;, a+ *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility is>>a+y a/ility i+/ludi+g a tru/; at 2i/2 *yge+ate is added t*gas*li+e *r ble+dst*/, a+d at 2i/2 t2e 5uality *r 5ua+tity *gas*li+e is +*t altered i+ a+y *t2er .a++er e/e3t *r t2e additi*+* de3*sit /*+tr*l additi-es0?? +der 4% "FR &%0@..;, a+ *yge+ateble+der is >>a+y 3ers*+ 2* *+s, leases, *3erates, /*+tr*ls, *rsu3er-ises a+ *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility, *r 2* *+s *r /*+tr*lst2e ble+dst*/ *r gas*li+e used *r t2e gas*li+e 3r*du/ed at a+*yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility0??

Oyge+ate ble+ders are regulated u+der t2e a+ti(du.3i+g3r*-isi*+s, i+ter alia, t* t2e ete+t t2e *yge+ate t2ey ble+d isused i+ t2e /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s * t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter 2*3r*du/es *r i.3*rts t2e base gas*li+e used by t2e *yge+ate ble+der0I+ t2is situati*+, t2e *yge+ate ble+der is re5uired, it2 regard t*t2is *yge+ate ble+di+g, t* .ai+tai+ re/*rds a+d t* all* E!Ai+s3e/ti*+s0



t2e *yge+ate ble+di+g *3erati*+, usi+g base gas*li+e t2at as 3r*du/ed*r i.3*rted by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter0 I t2e -*lu.e 3er/e+t *yge+ate*u+d t2r*ug2 sa.3li+g a+d testi+g is i+/*+siste+t it2 t2e rei+er?s*r i.3*rter?s /lai.ed *yge+ate -*lu.e, t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter .ustres*l-e t2e i+/*+siste+/y i+ *rder t* i+/lude t2e *yge+ate i+ its

/*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s0 E!A belie-es t2e sa.3li+g a+d testi+g s2*uldbe u+a++*u+/ed, s2*uld *//ur at diere+t ti.es duri+g t2e 3*rti*+ *t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d 2e+ *yge+ate is ble+ded, a+d t2at t2e *-erallre5ue+/y is de3e+de+t *+ t2e situati*+0 T2e sa.3li+g a+d testi+gs2*uld i+/rease i+ re5ue+/y as t2e *yge+ate -*lu.e i+/reases, it2*yge+ate ble+ders 2* are less s*32isti/ated, *r 2ere t2e rei+er 2asa+y reas*+ t* 5uesti*+ t2e *yge+ate ble+di+g *3erati*+0 I+s3e/ti*+s by rei+ers a+d i.3*rters s2*uld be /al/ulated t*deter.i+e i t2e *yge+ate ble+der is /*.3lyi+g it2 t2e 3r*/eduresi+/luded i+ t2e /*+tra/t it2 t2e *yge+ate ble+der, su/2 as 5ualityassura+/e by t2e ble+der0

E!A belie-es t2at audits .ust *//ur at least a++ually, a+d .*rere5ue+tly i t2ere is a+y reas*+ *r t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter t*5uesti*+ t2e *yge+ate ble+di+g *3erati*+0 E!A urt2er belie-es t2ataudits .ust i+/lude, at a .i+i.u., re-ie * re/*rds t2at rele/t t2ety3es a+d -*lu.es * *yge+ate 3ur/2ased a+d used by t2e d*+strea.ble+der t* e+sure t2ey are /*+siste+t it2 t2e rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s/lai.s0 I+ a /ase 2ere t2e *yge+ate ble+der is usi+g base gas*li+et2at is 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted by .*re t2a+ *+e rei+er *r i.3*rter, t2eaudit .ust disti+guis2 t2e *yge+ate ble+ded it2 t2e diere+trei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s base gas*li+e0 I+ a /ase 2ere t2e basegas*li+e is u+gibly .ied it2 gas*li+es r*. *t2er rei+ers *ri.3*rters 3ri*r t* its re/ei3t by t2e d*+strea. ble+der, t2e audit.ust a//*u+t *r t2e 3*rti*+ * t2e u+gible .iture t2at is t2egas*li+e 3r*du/ed by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rted by t2e i.3*rter0 As a result * t2e /*.3leities i+2ere+t i+ tra/i+g gas*li+et2r*ug2 t2e u+gible distributi*+ syste., E!A belie-es i+ .*st /ases itill be i.3ra/ti/able *r rei+ers *r i.3*rters t* ee/ti-ely .*+it*rd*+strea. *yge+ate ble+di+g it2 gas*li+e t2at is s2i33ed u+gibly,a+d as a result t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter +*r.ally *uld be 3re/ludedr*. i+/ludi+g t2e *yge+ate i+ /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s0 I+ a+y /ase 2ere t2e d*+strea. *yge+ate use /lai.s by a rei+er*r i.3*rter are +*t su33*rted by t2e i+s3e/ti*+s, sa.3li+g a+d testi+g,*r audits, *r 2ere E!A is able t* establis2 t2at t2e *yge+ate use/lai.s by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter are i+/*rre/t, t2e rei+er *ri.3*rter *uld +*t be all*ed t* i+/lude t2e *yge+ate i+ /*.3lia+/e/al/ulati*+s0 I t2e err*r is dis/*-ered subse5ue+t t* t2e /*+/lusi*+* a+ a-eragi+g 3eri*d, .*re*-er, t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter *uld bere5uired t* re/al/ulate its /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s *r t2e a-eragi+g3eri*d ab i+iti* it2*ut i+/ludi+g t2e *yge+ate, e-e+ i t2is



re/al/ulati*+ results i+ t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter bei+g *ut */*.3lia+/e it2 t2e a+ti(du.3i+g sta+dards0

"0 I+/lusi*+ * 'ub(O/ta+e le+dst*/ i+ "*.3lia+/e "al/ulati*+s

E!A 2as i+/luded /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e a+d gas*li+eble+dst*/J'!K&6 t2at is i+te+ded *r d*+strea. *yge+ate ble+di+g i+t2e set * 3r*du/ts t2at .ust be i+/luded i+ t2e /*.3lia+/e/al/ulati*+s * rei+ers a+d i.3*rters0

P&P64% "FR &%0@s; dei+es gas*li+e ble+di+g st*/ *r /*.3*+e+tas >>a+y li5uid /*.3*u+d 2i/2 is ble+ded it2 *t2er li5uid/*.3*u+ds *r it2 lead additi-es t* 3r*du/e gas*li+e0??

M*st base gas*li+e t2at is used i+ d*+strea. *yge+ate ble+di+g*3erati*+s .eets t2e dei+iti*+ * gas*li+e a+d as a result .ust bei+/luded i+ rei+erLi.3*rter /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s it2*ut regard t*t2e 3r*-isi*+s related t* ble+dst*/0J'!K&) ase gas*li+e .eets t2egas*li+e dei+iti*+ 2ere t2e gas*li+e 2as t2e 3r*3erties * gas*li+et2at als* is s*ld *r use it2*ut *yge+ate ble+di+g0 F*r ea.3le, *+e/*..*+ 3ra/ti/e is t* ble+d 1% -*l et2a+*l it2 &) */ta+e gas*li+e t*3r*du/e &906 */ta+e gas*li+e, a+d &) */ta+e gas*li+e is /*..*+ly s*ld*r use it2*ut *yge+ate ble+di+g0 &) */ta+e base gas*li+e t2ere*re.eets t2e dei+iti*+ * gas*li+e0

P&P)4% "FR &%0@/; dei+es gas*li+e as >>a+y uel s*ld i+ a+y'tate *r use i+ .*t*r -e2i/les a+d .*t*r -e2i/le e+gi+es, a+d/*..*+ly *r /*..er/ially +*+ *r s*ld as gas*li+e0?? **t+*te*.itted;0

M*st >>sub(*/ta+e?? ble+dst*/ s3e/ii/ally desig+ed *r *yge+ateble+di+g als* .eets t2e dei+iti*+ * gas*li+e, be/ause gas*li+e 2a-i+gsi.ilar 3r*3erties is s*ld i+ /ertai+ regi*+s * t2e /*u+try a+d at/ertai+ ti.es * t2e year0J'!K&& F*r ea.3le, &= */ta+e ble+dst*/((a>>sub(*/ta+e?? ble+dst*/((is s*.eti.es 3r*du/ed it2 t2e i+te+ti*+



t2at it2 t2e additi*+ * 1% -*l et2a+*l t2is ble+dst*/ ill be/*.e&) */ta+e gas*li+e0 D*e-er, be/ause &= */ta+e gas*li+e is s*ld i+ t2e.*u+tai+ states i+ t2e i+ter, &= */ta+e ble+dst*/ .eets t2edei+iti*+ * >>gas*li+e?? a+d is +*t a >>ble+dst*/?? u+der t2edei+iti*+ * t2at ter. e-e+ 2e+ it is ble+ded it2 et2a+*l0

P&P&F*r 3ur3*ses * t2is dis/ussi*+, >>sub(*/ta+e?? ble+dst*/is ble+dst*/ t2at 2as a+ */ta+e bel* &)0

!*te+tially t2ere are >>sub(*/ta+e?? ble+dst*/s t2at be/*.egas*li+e s*lely t2r*ug2 t2e additi*+ * *yge+ate a+d t2at 2a-e */ta+est2at are l*er t2a+ t2e */ta+e * a+y gas*li+e s*ld a+y2ere i+ t2e+ited 'tates0 'u/2 a 3r*du/t *uld +*t .eet t2e dei+iti*+ *gas*li+e, but *uld be a ble+dst*/0

E!A +e-ert2eless belie-es t2at t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter 2* 3r*du/es*r i.3*rts >>sub(*/ta+e?? base gas*li+e 3r*du/t, rat2er t2a+ t2e*yge+ate ble+der, s2*uld i+/lude t2e 3r*du/t i+ its /*.3lia+/e/al/ulati*+s *r se-eral reas*+s0 First, t2e e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e *su/2 3r*du/ts is deter.i+ed 3ri.arily t2r*ug2 its basi/ 3r*3erties a+d+*t by t2e additi*+ * *yge+ate0 'e/*+d, t* t2e ete+t t2at a rei+er*r i.3*rter 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted >>sub(*/ta+e?? base gas*li+e i+ 199%,t2us /*+tributi+g t* t2e 5uality * t2e gas*li+e 3**l i+ 199%, su/23r*du/t s2*uld be 3art * t2at rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s /*+-e+ti*+algas*li+e 3**l i+ 199=0 T2ird, t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter * su/2 3r*du/tis liely t* be .*re s*32isti/ated t2a+ *yge+ate ble+ders i+ dei+i+gt2e 5uality * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e +e/essary t* .eet t2e re5uire.e+ts* t2e a+ti(du.3i+g 3r*gra., a+d i+ .eeti+g t2e ra+ge * a+ti(du.3i+gre5uire.e+ts t2at a33ly t* rei+ers0 Oyge+ate ble+ders, 2* *te+ aretru/ s3las2 ble+der(distribut*rs, are +*t re5uired t* .eet a+tidu.3i+gsta+dards *r reas*+s dis/ussed ab*-e;, but 3la/i+g t2eres3*+sibility * a//*u+ti+g *r >>sub(*/ta+e?? base gas*li+e *+*yge+ate ble+ders *uld result i+ t2ese 3arties be/*.i+g >>rei+ers??2* are sube/t t* t2e ull s/*3e * a+ti(du.3i+g re5uire.e+ts0 Fi+ally, i rei+ers a+d i.3*rters 2* 3r*du/e *r i.3*rt >>sub*/ta+e??ble+dst*/ /*uld a-*id i+/ludi+g t2is 3r*du/t i+ t2eir/*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s, t2e a+ti(du.3i+g e+*r/e.e+t re5uire.e+ts*uld 2a-e t* be e3a+ded t* i+/lude /*.3le a+d e3e+si-e; 3r*du/ttra/i+g a+d a//*u+ti+g .e/2a+is.s desig+ed t* e+sure 3r*du/t * t2isty3e ulti.ately is a//*u+ted *r, a+d is i+/luded i+ t2e /*.3lia+/e/al/ulati*+s * *+ly a si+gle 3arty0 E!A belie-es, t2ere*re, t2at itis a33r*3riate *r t2e rei+ers a+d i.3*rters * >>sub(*/ta+e??



ble+dst*/s t* i+/lude su/2 3r*du/ts i+ t2eir /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+su+der t2e a+ti(du.3i+g 3r*gra.0

T2is re5uire.e+t *r rei+ers a+d i.3*rters t* i+/lude sub(*/ta+e

>>ble+dst*/?? i+ /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s is /*+siste+t it2, but lessar(rea/2i+g t2a+, t2e 3r*3*sal /*+tai+ed i+ t2e 199@ 'N!RM t2atrei+ers a+d i.3*rters *uld be re5uired t* a//*u+t *r all ble+dst*/3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted0

80 "*.3lia+/e "al/ulati*+s *r le+dst*/ T2at Is le+ded Bit2 #as*li+e

I+ t2e 'N!RM 9C, E!A 3r*3*sed t2at 3arties 2* 3r*du/e gas*li+es*lely by /*.bi+i+g diere+t ble+dst*/s /*uld deter.i+e /*.3lia+/e *+t2e basis * t2e 3r*3erties a+d -*lu.es * t2e ble+dst*/s it2*ut3er*r.i+g a ull a+alysis * t2e i+al ble+ds0 T2is /*.3lia+/edeter.i+ati*+ a33r*a/2 als* as i+te+ded t* a33ly t* 3arties 2* addble+dst*/s t* i+is2ed gas*li+e 2i/2 2as bee+ i+/luded i+ a+*t2er3arty?s /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s0 +der t2is 3r*3*sal, rei+ers a+di.3*rters *uld i+sert t2e 3r*3erties a+d -alues * t2e ble+dst*/si+t* t2e e5uati*+s *r t2e /*.3le a+d si.3le .*del sta+dards0 E!A +*belie-es t2is /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+ a33r*a/2 is a33r*3riate *+ly *rsi.3le .*del sta+dards, but +*t *r /*.3le .*del sta+dards be/auseble+dst*/s 2a-e 3ara.eters t2at are *utside t2e ra+ge * t2e /*.3le.*del0

T2is a33r*a/2 is i+/luded i+ t2e i+al rule *r rei+ers a+di.3*rters sube/t t* t2e si.3le .*del be/ause a ble+der(rei+er /a+/al/ulate t2e -*lu.e(eig2ted a-erages * sulur, T(9%, *lei+s, a+de2aust be+7e+e usi+g ble+dst*/ a+alyses *+ly0 F*r ea.3le, /*+sider a ble+der(rei+er 2* 2as t2e a+ti(du.3i+gstatut*ry baseli+e, 2i/2 *r *lei+s is 1%06 -*l0 T2e si.3le .*dela+ti(du.3i+g sta+dard *r *lei+s is +* greater t2a+ 1@= ti.es 1%0&,*r 1C0=% -*l0 I+ t2is ea.3le t2e ble+der(rei+er used t* ble+dst*/sduri+g t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d, 1%,%%% gall*+s * lig2t F"" +a32t2a 2i/2t2e ble+der(rei+er sa.3led a+d tested a+d deter.i+ed t* /*+tai+ C90&-*l *lei+s0 T2e ble+der(rei+er als* used @=,%%% gall*+s * re*r.atet2at t2r*ug2 t2e ble+der(rei+er?s sa.3li+g a+d testi+g as deter.i+edt* /*+tai+ 10% -*l *lei+s0 T2e ble+der(rei+er i+ t2is ea.3ledeter.i+ed t2e a++ual a-erage *lei+ /*+te+t * its ble+dst*/ by/al/ulati+g t2e -*lu.e(eig2ted a-erage *lei+ /*+te+t * t2ese t*ble+dst*/s, *r 1%,%%% S C90&; 3lus @=,%%% S 10%; di-ided by C=,%%%,*r 110& -*l *lei+s0 e/ause 110& -*l is less t2a+ t2e 1C0@= -*l*lei+ sta+dard, t2e ble+der(rei+er i+ t2is ea.3le *uld .eet t2ea+ti(du.3i+g *lei+ sta+dard0 A++ual a-erages *r t2e ble+der(rei+er*r sulur, T(9%, a+d e2aust be+7e+e u+der t2e si.3le .*del *uld be



/al/ulated i+ a si.ilar .a++er0

E!A belie-es t2at /*.3lia+/e it2 /*.3le .*del sta+dards /a++*t bedeter.i+ed usi+g t2e -*lu.e(eig2ted 3r*3erties * ble+dst*/ as

des/ribed ab*-e, be/ause su/2 a+ a33r*a/2 *uld +*t 3r*-ide .ea+i+gulresults *r e2aust be+7e+e, *r t*i/s *r NOJINFK e.issi*+s3er*r.a+/e0 E!A 2as, 2*e-er, i+/luded a .et2*d i+ t2e i+al rule *r/al/ulati+g /*.3lia+/e u+der t2e /*.3le .*del i+ t2e /ase *ble+dst*/ t2at is added t* gas*li+e 2ereby /*.3lia+/e is deter.i+ed*+ t2e basis * ble+dst*/s ble+ded it2 gas*li+e0 T2is results i+ a/al/ulati*+ .et2*d t2at is /*+siste+t it2 t2e te/2+i/al li.itati*+si+2ere+t it2 t2e /*.3le .*del0

+der t2is /al/ulati*+ .et2*d, t2e ble+der(rei+er deter.i+es t2euel 3ara.eters * t2e ble+dst*/ *r ble+dst*/s t2at are t* be addedt* a base gas*li+e, by testi+g a re3rese+tati-e sa.3le * ea/2ble+dst*/0 T2e ble+der(rei+er t2e+ /al/ulates t2e 3r*3erties * t2egas*li+e t2at *uld result i t2e ble+dst*/ *r ble+dst*/s ereble+ded, i+ t2e -*lu.e(rati* used i+ t2e ble+di+g *3erati*+, it2 agas*li+e 2a-i+g 3ara.eters t2at are e5ual t* a+ti(du.3i+g baseli+ea33li/able t* t2e ble+der(rei+er, e/e3t t2at 3r*3erties .easured *+ aeig2t *r 33. basis, su/2 as sulur, .ust be /*rre/ted *r t2e s3e/ii/gra-ities * t2e 3r*du/ts ble+ded0 I+ .*st /ases, t2e a+ti(du.3i+gstatut*ry baseli+e *uld be t2e a33li/able baseli+e *r ble+derrei+ers0T2is .at2e.ati/al /al/ulati*+ t2us .*dels t2e uel 3ara.eters* t2e gas*li+e t2at *uld result i t2e ble+dst*/ i+ 5uesti*+ ere i+a/t ble+ded it2 gas*li+e 2a-i+g 3r*3erties e5ual t* t2e ble+derrei+er?s baseli+e i+ t2e -*lu.e(rati* used i+ t2e ble+di+g *3erati*+0T2e e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e e2aust be+7e+e, *r t*i/s *r NOJINFKe.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e; * t2e .at2e.ati/ally(/reated gas*li+e isdeter.i+ed t2r*ug2 t2e a33r*3riate /*.3le .*del, as is t2e e.issi*+s3er*r.a+/e * t2e ble+der(rei+er?s baseli+e gas*li+e0 T2e e.issi*+s3er*r.a+/e ee/t * t2e ble+dst*/ is /al/ulated by subtra/ti+g t2ee.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * t2e ble+der(rei+er?s baseli+e gas*li+e r*.t2e e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * t2e .at2e.ati/ally(/al/ulated gas*li+e0T2e a+ti(du.3i+g sta+dard is .et i t2e -*lu.e(eig2ted e.issi*+s3er*r.a+/e *r all ble+dst*/ used i+ ble+ds duri+g t2e a-eragi+g3eri*d is e5ual t* *r less t2a+ 7er*0

F*r ea.3le, /*+sider a ble+der(rei+er 2* 2as t2e a+ti(du.3i+gstatut*ry baseli+e, a+d 2* is sube/t t* t2e /*.3le .*del sta+dardst*i/s a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e;0 T2is ble+der(rei+er usest* ble+dst*/s duri+g a /ertai+ 3*rti*+ * t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d, alig2t F"" +a32t2a a+d a re*r.ate, a+d t2ese ble+dst*/s are ble+ded at



t2e rate * 1% -*l F"" +a32t2a, @= -*l re*r.ate, a+d 6= -*l basegas*li+e0 A 3artial list * t2e 3r*3erties * t2ese ble+dst*/s, asdeter.i+ed by t2e ble+der(rei+er t2r*ug2 sa.3li+g a+d testi+g, are as*ll*s:

A+ti(F"" du.3i+g

+a32t2a Re*r.ate statut*ry gas*li+e

Ar*.ati/s -*l;00000000000000000000 1C0= C101 @&06Olei+s -*l;0000000000000000000000 C90& 10% 1%0&'ulur 33.;000000000000000000000000 @&9 1% CC&

S,e!ifi! gravit-........... 5.7& 5.851 5.73%

T2e ble+der(rei+er deter.i+es t2e 3r*3erties * t2e ble+ds t2at*uld result i t2ese ble+dst*/s ere ble+ded at t2ese rates it2gas*li+e 2a-i+g 3r*3erties e5ual t* t2e a+ti(du.3i+g statut*rybaseli+e0 I+ t2e /ase * ar*.ati/s, t2e /al/ulati*+ *uld be t2e*ll*i+g:

ar*.ati/s -*l;1C0= %01%;QC101 %0@=;Q@&06 %06=;@)0)@

As stated earlier, uel 3r*3erties .easured *+ a eig2t 3er/e+t *r33. basis *uld 2a-e t* be adusted *r s3e/ii/ gra-ity as *ll*s:

J#RA!DI"KJTIFFKTR16FE940%%%

All *t2er 3ara.eters re5uired *r t2e /*.3le .*del *uld be/al/ulated i+ a si.ilar .a++er t* /reate a list * /al/ulated3ara.eters e/e3t *r t2e deter.i+ati*+ * RV! *r et2a+*l ble+ds0e/ause * t2e 2ig2 RV! * et2a+*l a+d its +*+(li+ear ble+di+g/2ara/teristi/s, gas*li+e ble+ds it2 at least 10=% et2a+*l by -*lu.es2*uld be e+tered i+t* t2e a33r*3riate /*.3le .*del it2 a+ assu.edRV! 10% 3si greater t2a+ t2at * t2e base gas*li+e a+d *t2erble+dst*/s0 el* 10=% et2a+*l /*+/e+trati*+, t2e RV! * t2e basegas*li+e a+d ble+dst*/ s2*uld be u+/2a+ged *r /al/ulati*+ 3ur3*ses i+t2e /*.3le .*del0 T2ese 3ara.eters are t2e+ a33lied t* t2e /*.3le.*del t* ge+erate t2e -alues * t2e e2aust be+7e+e, t*i/s a+dNOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e *r t2e 2y3*t2eti/al /al/ulated ble+d0



I+ t2is ea.3le, t2e /*.3le .*del yields a NOJINFK e.issi*+s3er*r.a+/e *r t2is gas*li+e * 64% .gL.ile0 T2e 3r*3erties * t2e a+ti(du.3i+g statut*ry gas*li+e are t2e+a33lied t* t2e /*.3le .*del t* deter.i+e t2at t2is gas*li+e 2as aNOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * 66% .gL.ile0 T2e ble+der(rei+er i+

t2is ea.3le t2e+ subtra/ts t2e NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * a+tidu.3i+gstatut*ry gas*li+e r*. t2e NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e *t2e 2y3*t2eti/al /al/ulated ble+d, t* yield t2e NOJINFK e.issi*+s3er*r.a+/e ee/t * t2e ble+dst*/s used * (@% .gL.ile 64%(66%(@%.gL.ile;0

T2e ble+der(rei+er *uld t2e+ re3eat t2is 3r*/ess *r all ble+ds3r*du/ed duri+g t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d 2ere ble+dst*/ as added t* basegas*li+e0 T2ese 3er(bat/2 NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e ee/ts aret2e+ /*.bi+ed *+ a -*lu.e(eig2ted basis, a+d t2e ble+der(rei+er *uld2a-e .et t2e NOJINFK a+ti(du.3i+g sta+dard i t2is +et -alue is e5ualt* *r less t2a+ 7er*0 A si.ilar a+alysis as 3er*r.ed *r t*i/se.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e0

0 !r*-isi*+s *r O3t(i+ by Ot2er O7*+e N*+(Attai+.e+t Areas

'e/ti*+ @11;6; * t2e A/t all*s /ertai+ areas t* *3t i+t* t2ere*r.ulated gas*li+e RF#; 3r*gra.0 T2us, su/2 areas .ay /2**se t*3arti/i3ate i+ t2e RF# 3r*gra., u+lie t2e +i+e areas it2 t2e 2ig2est*7*+e desig+ -alues 2i/2 are re5uired t* 3arti/i3ate0 T2e *ll*i+g is a list * all areas eit2er re5uired t* be /*-eredby t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. *r 2i/2 2a-e *3ted i+t* t2e3r*gra. t* date:

"*++e/ti/ut((E+tire 'tate

Areas "lassiied as 'e-ere O7*+e N*+attai+.e+t Areas

10 Fairield "*u+ty 3art;@0C0 it/2ield "*u+ty 3art;40

Areas "lassiied as 'eri*us O7*+e N*+attai+.e+t Areas

10 Fairield "*u+ty 3art;@0C0 Dart*rd "*u+ty40=0 it/2ield "*u+ty 3art;



60)0 Middlese "*u+ty&090 Ne Da-e+ "*u+ty1%0

110 Ne *+d*+ "*u+ty1@01C0 T*lla+d "*u+ty1401=0 Bi+d2a. "*u+ty160

8elaare


10 Ge+t "*u+ty@0C0 Ne "astle "*u+ty40

Areas "lassiied as Margi+al O7*+e N*+attai+.e+t Areas

10 'usse "*u+ty@0

8istri/t * "*lu.bia


10 Bas2i+gt*+ e+tire area;@0

Ge+tu/y

Areas "lassiied as M*derate O7*+e N*+attai+.e+t Areas

10 **+e "*u+ty@0C0 ullitt "*u+ty 3art;40=0 "a.3bell "*u+ty60



)0 <eers*+ "*u+ty&090 Ge+t*+ "*u+ty1%0110 Old2a. "*u+ty 3art;

1@0

Mai+e


10 A+dr*s/*ggi+ "*u+ty@0C0 "u.berla+d "*u+ty40

=0 Ge++ebe/ "*u+ty60)0 G+* "*u+ty&090 i+/*l+ "*u+ty1%0110 'agada2*/ "*u+ty1@01C0 $*r "*u+ty140


10 Da+/*/ "*u+ty@0C0 Bald* "*u+ty40

Maryla+d


10 A++e Aru+del "*u+ty@0C0 alti.*re "*u+ty40=0 "arr*ll "*u+ty60)0 "e/il "*u+ty



&090 Dar*rd "*u+ty1%0110 D*ard "*u+ty1@0


10 "al-ert "*u+ty@0C0 "2arles "*u+ty40=0 Frederi/ "*u+ty60)0 M*+tg*.ery "*u+ty

&090 !ri+/e #e*rges "*u+ty1%0


10 Ge+t "*u+ty@0C0 uee+ A++es "*u+ty40

Massa/2usetts((E+tire 'tate


10 ar+stable "*u+ty@0C0 ers2ire "*u+ty40=0 rist*l "*u+ty60)0 8ues "*u+ty&090 Esse "*u+ty1%0110 Fra+li+ "*u+ty1@01C0 Da.3de+ "*u+ty140



1=0 Da.3s2ire "*u+ty1601)0 Middlese "*u+ty1&0190 Na+tu/et "*u+ty

@%0@10 N*r*l "*u+ty@@0@C0 !ly.*ut2 "*u+ty@40@=0 'u*l "*u+ty@60@)0 B*r/ester "*u+ty@&0

Ne Da.3s2ire


10 Dillsb*r*ug2 "*u+ty 3art;J'!K&9@0

C0

P&P9!art * Dillsb*r*ug2 "*u+ty is /lassiied as seri*us, t2e*t2er 3art as .argi+al0

@0 R*/i+g2a. "*u+ty 3art;J'!K9%

P9P%!art * R*/i+g2a. "*u+ty is /lassiied as seri*us, t2e*t2er 3art as .argi+al0

C0 'tra*rd "*u+ty




10 Dillsb*r*ug2 "*u+ty 3art;@0C0 Merri.a/ "*u+ty40

=0 R*/i+g2a. "*u+ty 3art;60

Ne <ersey


10 erge+ "*u+ty@0C0 urli+gt*+ "*u+ty

40=0 "a.de+ "*u+ty60)0 "u.berla+d "*u+ty&090 Esse "*u+ty1%0110 #l*u/ester "*u+ty1@01C0 Duds*+ "*u+ty1401=0 Du+terd*+ "*u+ty1601)0 Mer/er "*u+ty1&0190 Middlese "*u+ty@%0@10 M*+.*ut2 "*u+ty@@0@C0 M*rris "*u+ty@40@=0 O/ea+ "*u+ty@60@)0 !assai/ "*u+ty@&0@90 'ale. "*u+tyC%0C10 '*.erset "*u+tyC@0CC0 'usse "*u+tyC40



C=0 +i*+ "*u+tyC60


10 Atla+ti/ "*u+ty@0C0 "a3e May "*u+ty40


10 Barre+ "*u+ty@0

Ne $*r

Areas "lassiied as 'e-ere N*+attai+.e+t Areas

10 r*+ "*u+tyJ'!K91@0C0

40

P9P1T2e state re5uested ti.e t* study t2e b*u+daries a+d/lassii/ati*+ u+der 'e/ti*+ 1%)d;4;A;i-;0 T2e b*u+daries a+d/lassii/ati*+ * Ora+ge a+d !ut+a. "*u+ties ill be deter.i+edbased u3*+ e-aluati*+ * t2at study by E!A0

@0 Gi+gs "*u+tyC0 Nassau "*u+ty40 Ne $*r "*u+ty=0 uee+s "*u+ty60 Ri/2.*+d "*u+ty)0 R*/la+d "*u+ty&0 'u*l "*u+ty90 Best/2ester "*u+ty

Areas "lassiied as Margi+al N*+attai+.e+t Areas



10 Alba+y "*u+ty@0C0 8ut/2ess "*u+ty40=0 Erie "*u+ty

60)0 Esse "*u+tyJ'!K9@&090

1%0

P9P@T2is area is a rural tra+s3*rt area0

=0 #ree+e "*u+ty60 <eers*+ "*u+ty)0 M*+tg*.ery "*u+ty&0 Niagara "*u+ty90 Re+sselaer "*u+ty1%0 'arat*ga "*u+ty110 '/2e+e/tady "*u+ty

!e++syl-a+ia


10 u/s "*u+tyJ'!K9C@0C0

40

P9PCT2ese /*u+ties are already dei+ed as >>/*-ered areas?? a+dare sube/ted t* t2e ederal re*r.ulated uel 3r*gra. u+der 'e/ti*+@11;1%;8;0

@0 "2ester "*u+tyC0 8elaare "*u+ty40 M*+tg*.ery "*u+ty=0 !2iladel32ia "*u+ty




10 Alleg2e+y "*u+ty@0

C0 Ar.str*+g "*u+ty40=0 ea-er "*u+ty60)0 ers "*u+ty&090 utler "*u+ty1%0110 Fayette "*u+ty1@01C0 Bas2i+gt*+ "*u+ty1401=0 Best.*rela+d "*u+ty1601)0


10 Ada.s "*u+ty@0C0 lair "*u+ty40=0 "a.bria "*u+ty60)0 "arb*+ "*u+ty&090 "*lu.bia "*u+ty1%0110 "u.berla+d "*u+ty1@01C0 8au32i+ "*u+ty1401=0 Erie "*u+ty1601)0 a/aa++a "*u+ty1&0190 a+/aster "*u+ty@%0@10 eba+*+ "*u+ty@@0@C0 e2ig2 "*u+ty



@40@=0 u7er+e "*u+ty@60@)0 Mer/er "*u+ty@&0

@90 M*+r*e "*u+tyC%0C10 N*rt2a.3t*+ "*u+tyC@0CC0 !erry "*u+tyC40C=0 '*.erset "*u+tyC60C)0 By*.i+g "*u+tyC&0C90 $*r "*u+ty4%0

R2*de Isla+d((E+tire 'tate


10 rist*l "*u+ty@0C0 Ge+t "*u+ty40=0 Ne3*rt "*u+ty60)0 !r*-ide+/e "*u+ty&090 Bas2i+gt*+ "*u+ty1%0

Teas((D*ust*+L#al-est*+ area

Area "lassiied As M*derate O7*+e N*+attai+.e+t Area

10 "*lli+ "*u+ty@0C0 8allas "*u+ty40=0 8e+t*+ "*u+ty60)0 Tarra+t "*u+ty



&0

Virgi+ia


10 Alea+dria@0C0 Arli+gt*+ "*u+ty40=0 Faira60)0 Faira "*u+ty&090 Falls "2ur/2

1%0110 *ud*u+ "*u+ty1@01C0 Ma+assas1401=0 Ma+assas !ar1601)0 !ri+/e Billia. "*u+ty1&0190 'ta*rd "*u+ty@%0


10 "2arles "ity "*u+ty@0C0 "2esterield "*u+ty40=0 "*l*+ial Deig2ts60)0 Da+*-er "*u+ty&090 De+ri/* "*u+ty1%0110 D*3eell1@01C0 Ri/2.*+d "*u+ty140




10 "2esa3eae@0C0 Da.3t*+

40=0 <a.es "ity "*u+ty60)0 Ne3*rt Nes&090 N*r*l1%0110 !*5u*s*+1@01C0 !*rts.*ut21401=0 '.yt2 "*u+ty 3art;J'!K941601)0

1&0

P9P4T2is is a rural tra+s3*rt area0

90 'u*l1%0 Virgi+ia ea/2110 Billia.sburg1@0 $*r "*u+ty

Ver.*+t a+d 3*rti*+s * *t2er areas i+ !e++syl-a+ia a+d NeDa.3s2ire 2a-e *r.ally re5uested t* *3t(i+ t* t2e re*r.ulatedgas*li+e 3r*gra., alt2*ug2 t2e desig+ated areas i+ t2ese states are/ateg*ri7ed as u+/lassiiedLattai+.e+t0 e/ause * statut*ryli.itati*+s, attai+.e+t areas ill +*t be all*ed t* *3t(i+ t* t2e3r*gra., it2 a li.ited e/e3ti*+ gi-e+ t* s*.e areas i+ establis2ed*7*+e tra+s3*rt regi*+s as aut2*ri7ed by se/ti*+ 1&4 * t2e A/t0 T2ereader is reerred t* t2e RIA *r urt2er dis/ussi*+ * t2e statut*ryli.itati*+s0

Ot2er *7*+e +*+attai+.e+t areas t2at are +*t listed 2erei+ .ay als**3t(i+ t* t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. as 3er.itted by se/ti*+@11;6;, u+der /*+strai+ts su/2 as sui/ie+t lead(ti.e d*.esti/ uela-ailability0



'e-eral ey issues ere br*ug2t t* E!A?s atte+ti*+ i+ t2e *r. */*..e+ts, a+d E!A?s res3*+se is su..ari7ed bel*0 M*re detaileddis/ussi*+ * t2ese *3t(i+ issues /a+ be *u+d i+ 'e/ti*+ I * t2eFi+al Regulat*ry I.3a/t A+alysis RIA;0 'e-eral /*..e+ter i+5uiries 3ertai+ed t* *3ti+g *ut * t2e

re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.0 O+/e a+ area 2as *3ted i+t* t2ere*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra., t2e issue arises 2et2er it .ay, at alater date, de/ide t* *3t *ut * t2e 3r*gra.0 B2ile E!A is /urre+tly/*+sideri+g *3t(*ut 3r*-isi*+s, se/ti*+ @11; d*es +*t gi-e E!A t2eaut2*rity t* de-el*3 a+ *3t(*ut 3r*/edure0 T2us, E!A is +*t i+/ludi+ga+y *3t(*ut 3r*-isi*+s i+ t2is rule.ai+g, but .ay 3ursue a se3aratea/ti*+ i+ t2e uture t2at *uld all* states t* *3t(*ut * t2e RF#3r*gra., 3r*-ided sui/ie+t +*ti/e is gi-e+0 I+ its A3ril 199C N!RM, E!A re5uested /*..e+t *+ 2et2er t* 3er.itareas t* *3t(i+ t* *+ly !2ase I 199=(99; * t2e RF# 3r*gra., a+d +*tre5uire t2e. t* re/ei-e !2ase II RF# starti+g i+ @%%%0 'e-eral/*..e+ters su33*rted all*i+g states t* *3t(i+ t* !2ase I *+ly, but/ited a +u.ber * /*+/er+s regardi+g t2e l*gisti/s * 3r*du/i+g a+ddistributi+g !2ase I a+d !2ase II re*r.ulated gas*li+es /*+/urre+tly0e/ause * t2ese 3*te+tial uel 3r*lierati*+ 3r*ble.s i0e0, .a+yty3es * uels a-ailable *r re5uired i+ t2e .aret3la/e at *+e ti.e;,as ell as e+*r/e.e+t 3r*ble.s a+d ea statut*ry aut2*rity 2i/2 isdis/ussed urt2er i+ t2e RIA;, E!A ill +*t all* +*+attai+.e+t areast* *3t(i+ t* *+ly !2ase I0 O3t(i+ areas .ust be illi+g t* /*..it t*t2e /2a+ge t* !2ase II RF# i+ t2e year @%%%0 As dis/ussed ab*-e, E!A.ay u+dertae a se3arate a/ti*+ 2i/2 *uld gi-e *3ted(i+ areas t2e*33*rtu+ity t* *3t(*ut * t2e RF# 3r*gra.0 I+ t2is /ase i a statedesired t* .ai+tai+ t2e !2ase I RF# sta+dards bey*+d t2e year 1999, t2estate /*uld 3r*.ulgate its *+ regulati*+s re5uiri+g t2is0 'u/2 a3r*gra. *uld 2a-e t* be e+*r/ed by t2e state, 2*e-er, a+d *uld als*2a-e t* be a33r*-ed by E!A as 3art * t2e 'tate I.3le.e+tati*+ !la+re-ie 3r*/ess0

As dis/ussed briely ab*-e, s*.e * t2e /*..e+ts re/ei-ed by E!Ai+/luded a re5uest t2at attai+.e+t areas be 3er.itted t* *3t(i+ t* t2eRF# 3r*gra.0 T2e A/t d*es +*t all* 3arti/i3ati*+ by attai+.e+t areasi+t* t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra.0 E!A als* re/ei-ed suggesti*+s t2at it .*diy t2e *3t(i+ a33li/ati*+3r*/edure t* all* .*re lead ti.e *r rei+ers0 E!A eels t2at itseisti+g a33li/ati*+ 3r*/edure *r *3t(i+ a+d its lead ti.e 3r*-isi*+sare ade5uate, a+d d* +*t re5uire re-isi*+0 Fi+ally, *+e /*..e+ter suggested t2at *3t(i+ s2*uld be all*ed *+lyater a +*+attai+.e+t area 2as ad*3ted 'tage II /*+tr*ls a+d e+2a+/edi+s3e/ti*+ a+d .ai+te+a+/e0 E!A a-*rs gi-i+g eligible areas reed*. t**3t(i+ t* t2e RF# 3r*-isi*+s, a+d ill +*t re5uire t2at areas irsti.3le.e+t 'tage II /*+tr*ls a+d e+2a+/ed i+s3e/ti*+ a+d .ai+te+a+/e0 T2e NOJINFK sta+dard *r !2ase II re*r.ulated gas*li+e see



'e/ti*+ VI ab*-e; ill be re5uired i+ all /urre+t a+d uture *3t(i+areas0 As dis/ussed i+ t2e 'e/ti*+ VI * t2e RIA, NOJINFK /*+tr*l isbelie-ed t* be +e/essary t* e+sure t2at all *3t(i+ areas reali7e aredu/ti*+ i+ *7*+e le-els0 'i+/e uture *3t(i+ areas are liely t* besi.ilar t* s*.e /urre+t re*r.ulated gas*li+e areas i+/ludi+g /urre+t

*3t(i+; i+ ter.s * ge*gra32i/al l*/ati*+, .ete*r*l*gi/al /*+diti*+s,a+d *t2er a/t*rs ae/ti+g *7*+e *r.ati*+, it is reas*+able t* assu.et2at uture *3t(i+ areas ill si.ilarly be+eit r*. NOJINFK /*+tr*l0Furt2er.*re, as dis/ussed i+ 'e/ti*+ VI * t2e RIA, a33lyi+g t2eNOJINFK sta+dard t* t2e sa.e areas as t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+esta+dard is /*+sidered t* be t2e .*st a33r*3riate a+d /*st ee/ti-e.a++er i+ 2i/2 t* a/2ie-e *7*+e be+eits t2r*ug2 uel re*r.ulati*+0'i+/e rei+ers ill already be 3r*du/i+g re*r.ulated gas*li+e/*+tr*lli+g b*t2 VO" a+d NOJINFK, t2e additi*+ * +e areas t* t2ere*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. ill *+ly re5uire a+ i+/rease i+ t2e-*lu.e * RF# 3r*du/ed a+d ill +*t 3*se a+y leadti.e 3r*ble.s0

I0 Federal !ree.3ti*+

B2e+e-er t2e ederal g*-er+.e+t regulates i+ a+ area, t2e issue *3ree.3ti*+ * 'tate a/ti*+ i+ t2e sa.e area is raised0 T2e regulati*+s3r*3*sed 2ere ill ae/t -irtually all * t2e gas*li+e s*ld i+ t2e+ited 'tates0 As *33*sed t* /*..*dities t2at are 3r*du/ed a+d s*ld i+t2e sa.e area * t2e /*u+try, gas*li+e 3r*du/ed i+ *+e area is *te+distributed t* *t2er areas0 T2e +ati*+al s/*3e * gas*li+e 3r*du/ti*+a+d distributi*+ suggests t2at ederal rules s2*uld 3ree.3t 'tatea/ti*+ t* a-*id a+ i+ei/ie+t 3at/2*r * 3*te+tially /*+li/ti+gregulati*+s0 I+deed, "*+gress 3r*-ided i+ t2e 19)) A.e+d.e+ts t* t2e"lea+ Air A/t t2at ederal uels regulati*+s 3ree.3t +*+(ide+ti/al'tate /*+tr*ls e/e3t u+der /ertai+ s3e/iied /ir/u.sta+/es see,se/ti*+ @11/;4; * t2e "lea+ Air A/t;0 E!A belie-es t2at t2e sa.ea33r*a/2 t* ederal 3ree.3ti*+ is desirable *r t2e re*r.ulatedgas*li+e a+d a+ti(du.3i+g 3r*gra.s0 E!A, t2ere*re, is issui+g t*day?si+al rule u+der t2e aut2*rity * se/ti*+s @11 ; a+d /;, a+d3r*.ulgate u+der se/ti*+ @11/;4; t2at dissi.ilar 'tate /*+tr*ls be3ree.3ted u+less eit2er * t2e e/e3ti*+s t* ederal 3ree.3ti*+s3e/iied by se/ti*+ @11/;4; a33lies0 T2*se e/e3ti*+s are se/ti*+s@11/;4; ; a+d ";0

As raised i+ s*.e * /*..e+ts re/ei-ed by t2e Age+/y, t2eRegulat*ry Neg*tiati*+ agree.e+t as +*t i+te+ded t* .*diy t2e3r*-isi*+s * se/ti*+ @11/;4;;0 +der t2is 3r*-isi*+, *+/e t2e'tate * "ali*r+ia 2as re/ei-ed a ai-er u+der se/ti*+ @%9b; * t2e"lea+ Air A/t, it 2as t2e ability t* regulate uels a+d uel additi-esit2*ut t2e +eed *r a ai-er u+der se/ti*+ @11 * t2e "lea+ Air A/t0I+ a//*rda+/e it2 t2e i+te+t * "*+gress i+ e+a/ti+g se/ti*+s @%9b;a+d @11/;4;; * t2e "lea+ Air A/t, "ali*r+ia 2as used, a+d E!A



u+dersta+ds ill /*+ti+ue t* use, t2ese 3r*-isi*+s t* desig+ a 3r*gra.t* .eet its u+i5ue +eeds0

E!A belie-es t2at t2e li.ited ederal 3ree.3ti*+ 3r*.ulgated 2erea33r*3riately bala+/es t2e utility a+d ei/a/y * u+i*r. +ati*+al

rules it2 'tates? +eeds t* address t2eir u+i5ue 3*lluti*+ 3r*ble.s0

II0 E+-ir*+.e+tal a+d E/*+*.i/ I.3a/ts

A0 E+-ir*+.e+tal I.3a/t

'e/ti*+ @11; * t2e "lea+ Air A/t i+di/ates t2at t2e 3ri.ary3ur3*ses * re*r.ulated gas*li+e are t* redu/e *7*+e(*r.i+g VO"e.issi*+s duri+g t2e 2ig2 *7*+e seas*+ a+d e.issi*+s * t*i/ air3*lluta+ts duri+g t2e e+tire year0 Redu/ti*+s i+ VO"s aree+-ir*+.e+tally sig+ii/a+t be/ause * t2e ass*/iated redu/ti*+s i+*7*+e *r.ati*+ a+d i+ se/*+dary *r.ati*+ * 3arti/ulate .atter, it2t2e ass*/iated i.3r*-e.e+ts i+ 2u.a+ 2ealt2 a+d elare0 Redu/ti*+s i+e.issi*+s * t*i/ air 3*lluta+ts are e+-ir*+.e+tally i.3*rta+t be/auset2ey /arry sig+ii/a+t be+eits *r 2u.a+ 2ealt2 a+d elare 3ri.arilyby redu/i+g t2e +u.ber * /a+/er /ases ea/2 year0

10 !2ase I Re*r.ulated #as*li+e@0C0 egi++i+g i+ 199=, re*r.ulated gas*li+e /ertiied duri+g !2ase I40 * t2e 3r*gra. .ust a/2ie-e a +*.i+al e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ * 1= 3er/e+t=0 *r VO"s, 160= 3er/e+t *r air t*i/s *+ a-erage, a+d NOJINFK60 e.issi*+s are +*t all*ed t* i+/rease bey*+d le-els e-ide+t i+ baseli+e)0 gas*li+e0 E!A e3e/ts si.3le .*del uels t* .eet t2ese "lea+ Air A/t&0 sta+dards0 As dis/ussed i+ t2e se/ti*+ IV, 2ig2 *7*+e seas*+ uels90 /ertiied usi+g t2e /*.3le .*del duri+g !2ase I * t2e re*r.ulated1%0gas*li+e 3r*gra. i+ VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ I .ust 3r*-ide a VO" e.issi*+110 redu/ti*+ r*. baseli+e le-els * C606 3er/e+t 2e+ /*.3lyi+g *+1@0a-erage a+d C=01 3er/e+t 2e+ /*.3lyi+g *+ a 3er(gall*+ basis01C0'i.ilarly, 2ig2 *7*+e seas*+ uels /ertiied usi+g t2e /*.3le .*del140duri+g !2ase I i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ @ .ust 3r*-ide a VO" e.issi*+1=0redu/ti*+ r*. baseli+e le-els * 1)01 3er/e+t 2e+ /*.3lyi+g *+160a-erage a+d 1=06 3er/e+t 2e+ /*.3lyi+g *+ a 3er(gall*+ basis01)0 T2e Age+/y 3r*e/ts t2at VO" e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s *r !2ase I *1&0re*r.ulated gas*li+e ill be a33r*i.ately 9%(14% t2*usa+d t*+s duri+g190t2e su..er 3eri*d *r t2e >>+i+e /ities?? a+d t2e *t2er areas t2at 2a-e@%0/urre+tly *3ted i+t* t2e 3r*gra.0 Assu.i+g a *+e year e3*sure t* b*t2@10t2e baseli+e a+d /*+tr*lled le-el * t*i/ e.issi*+s, t2e +u.ber *@@0/a+/er i+/ide+/es is esti.ated t* de/rease by a33r*i.ately [email protected]+g e+2a+/ed ILM i+ 3la/e; *r @4 assu.i+g basi/ ILM i+ 3la/e;@40i+/ide+/es 3er ea/2 year t2at t2e 3r*gra. is i+ 3la/e, i+ t2e +i+e@=0/ities a+d t2e *3t(i+ areas reer t* se/ti*+ V * t2e RIA *r a+



@60e3la+ati*+ a+d .et2*d*l*gy * t2ese +u.bers;0 T2ese redu/ti*+s ill@)0+aturally i+/rease t* t2e ete+t t2at *t2er areas *3t i+t* t2e 3r*gra.0@&0@90 !2ase II Re*r.ulated #as*li+eC%0

C10 egi++i+g i+ t2e year @%%%, re*r.ulated gas*li+e /ertiied *+C@0a-erage .ust .eet a VO" e.issi*+ redu/ti*+ sta+dard * @)04 3er/e+t i+CC0VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ @ a+d @90% 3er/e+t i+ VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ 1, as ellC40as a t*i/ e.issi*+ redu/ti*+ sta+dard *+ a-erage * @10= 3er/e+t0 I+C=0additi*+, a NOJINFK e.issi*+ redu/ti*+ sta+dard * 60& 3er/e+t *+C60a-erage is re5uired *r !2ase II * re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 T2e Age+/yC)03r*e/ts t2at u+der !2ase II, t2ere ill be C(4 eer i+/ide+/es *C&0/a+/er 3er year, su..erti.e VO" e.issi*+s ill be redu/ed byC90a33r*i.ately 4@,%%% t*+s, a+d su..erti.e NOJINFK e.issi*+s ill be4%0redu/ed by a33r*i.ately @@,%%% t*+s i+ t2e +i+e /ities a+d *t2er areas410/urre+tly *3ted i+t* t2e RF# 3r*gra. i+/re.e+tal t* !2ase I;04@0

0 E/*+*.i/ I.3a/t

10 !2ase I Re*r.ulated #as*li+e@0C0 8ue t* t2e re5uired additi*+ * *yge+ates t* gas*li+e a+d t*40 rei+ery 3r*/essi+g /2a+ges t2at ill be +eeded t* redu/e uel be+7e+e=0 a+d RV! le-els a+d t* .eet t2e VO", NOJINFK a+d t*i/ e.issi*+60 sta+dards, t2e /*st * 3r*du/i+g re*r.ulated gas*li+e /ertiied u+der)0 !2ase I, is e3e/ted t* i+/rease by a33r*i.ately C(= /e+ts 3er gall*+&0 i+ 199= ab*-e t2e /*st * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e0 Be 3r*e/t a++ual90 /*sts * )%% t* 94% .illi*+ *r b*t2 t2*se areas .a+dated t* be 3art1%0* t2e 3r*gra. a+d t2*se t2at 2a-e /2*se+ t* *3t(i+0 Additi*+ally,110 t2ere ill be /*sts due t* testi+g, e+*r/e.e+t a+d re/*rdee3i+g01@01C0 !2ase II Re*r.ulated #as*li+e1401=0 As dis/ussed i+ 'e/ti*+ VI, T2e *-erall /*st * t2e !2ase II160re*r.ulated gas*li+e VO" sta+dards a+d NOJINFK sta+dards *r !2ase II1)0RF# is a33r*i.ately 10@ /e+ts 3er gall*+ i+/re.e+tal t* !2ase I RF#;1&0duri+g t2e VO" /*+tr*l 3eri*d 2e+ t2e .*re stri+ge+t VO" a+d NOJINFK190sta+dards are i+ ee/t0 T2ere s2*uld be +* additi*+al /*st duri+g t2e@%0+*+(VO" /*+tr*l 3eri*d, si+/e *+ly t2e t*i/s sta+dard /2a+ges, a+d@10t2ere is +*t e3e/ted t* be a /*st *r year(r*u+d t*i/s /*+tr*l ab*-e@@0t2at re5uired *r !2ase I RF#0 I+ additi*+, E!A d*es +*t e3e/t

+*+3r*du/ti*+@C0related /*sts, su/2 as distributi*+ /*sts, re/*rdee3i+g a+d@40re3*rti+g /*sts, et/0, t* i+/rease sig+ii/a+tly relati-e t* !2ase I



@=0re*r.ulated gas*li+e0@60@)0 T2e e+-ir*+.e+tal a+d e/*+*.i/ i.3a/ts * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e@&03r*gra. are des/ribed i+ .*re detail i+ t2e 'e/ti*+ V a+d VI * t2e@90Fi+al Regulat*ry I.3a/t A+alysis0

C%0

III0 !ubli/ !arti/i3ati*+

8uri+g t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e rule.ai+g, E!A e+/*uraged a+del/*.ed ull 3ubli/ 3arti/i3ati*+ i+ arri-i+g at its i+al de/isi*+sa+d de-el*3i+g its i+al rule0 E!A .et it2 re3rese+tati-es * t2eaut*.*bile, 3etr*leu., a+d *yge+ate i+dustries as ell ase+-ir*+.e+tal a+d /iti7e+ *rga+i7ati*+s0 T2eir /*+/er+s a+d ideas ere/*+sidered i+ t2e de-el*3.e+t i+ t2is i+al rule *r re*r.ulated

gas*li+e0 !ubli/ *rs2*3s t* dis/uss a+d res*l-e a -ariety * issues*+ se-eral as3e/ts * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. ere s3*+s*redby t2e Age+/y0

Additi*+ally, E!A s*li/ited, re-ieed, a+d /*+sidered ritte+/*..e+ts *+ all as3e/ts * its t2ree 3re-i*us 3r*3*sals a+d !2ase II/*rre/ti*+ +*ti/e0 All /*..e+ts re/ei-ed by t2e Age+/y are l*/ated i+t2e E!A Air 8*/et, 8*/ets A(91(%@ a+d A(9@(1@ 'ee A88RE''E';0 As.e+ti*+ed ab*-e, all sig+ii/a+t /*..e+ts ere used t* re-ise t2e3re-i*us 3r*3*sals a+dL*r are res3*+ded t* i+ t2e Regulat*ry I.3a/t

A+alysis /*+tai+ed i+ 8*/et A(91(%@0

IV0 "*.3lia+/e Bit2 t2e Regulat*ry Fleibility A/t

T2e Regulat*ry Fleibility A/t RFA; * 19&% re5uires ederalage+/ies t* ea.i+e t2e ee/ts * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e regulati*+a+d t* ide+tiy sig+ii/a+t ad-erse i.3a/ts * ederal regulati*+s *+ asubsta+tial +u.ber * s.all e+tities0 e/ause t2e RFA d*es +*t 3r*-ide/*+/rete dei+iti*+s * >>s.all e+tity,?? >>sig+ii/a+t i.3a/t,?? *r>>substa+tial +u.ber,?? E!A 2as establis2ed guideli+es setti+g t2esta+dards t* be used i+ e-aluati+g i.3a/ts *+ s.all busi+essesJ'!K9=0F*r 3ur3*ses * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e regulati*+s, a s.all e+tityis a+y busi+ess 2i/2 is i+de3e+de+tly *+ed a+d *3erated a+d +*td*.i+a+t i+ its ield as dei+ed by 'A regulati*+s u+der se/ti*+ C *t2e '.all usi+ess A/t0

P9P=0'0 E+-ir*+.e+tal !r*te/ti*+ Age+/y, Me.*ra+du. t* Assista+t Ad.i+istrat*rs, >>"*.3lia+/e Bit2 t2e Regulat*ry



Fleibility A/t,?? E!A Oi/e * !*li/y, !la++i+g, a+d E-aluati*+,19&40 I+ additi*+, 0'0 E+-ir*+.e+tal !r*te/ti*+ Age+/y, Me.*ra+du.t* Assista+t Ad.i+istrat*rs, >>Age+/y?s Re-ised #uideli+es *rI.3le.e+ti+g t2e Regulat*ry Fleibility A/t,?? Oi/e * !*li/y,!la++i+g, a+d E-aluati*+, 199@0

T2e Age+/y 2as *u+d t2at t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d a+tidu.3i+gregulati*+s .ay 3*ssibly 2a-e s*.e e/*+*.i/ i.3a/t *+ asubsta+tial +u.ber * s.all rei+ers0 D*e-er, t2ese regulati*+s .ay+*t sig+ii/a+tly ae/t gas*li+e ble+ders, ter.i+al *3erat*rs, ser-i/estati*+s a+d et2a+*l ble+ders u+der t2e sa.e E!A /riteria0 '.allbusi+ess e+tities are +*t re5uired by t2e "lea+ Air A/t t* .a+ua/turere*r.ulated gas*li+e0 'i+/e .*st s.all rei+ers are l*/ated i+ t2e.*u+tai+ states *r i+ "ali*r+ia, 2i/2 2as its *+ .*re stri+ge+t;re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra., t2e -ast .a*rity * s.all rei+ers areu+ae/ted by t2e ederal re*r.ulated gas*li+e re5uire.e+ts0Furt2er.*re, all busi+esses b*t2 large a+d s.all; .ai+tai+ t2e *3ti*+t* 3r*du/e /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e t* be s*ld i+ areas +*t *bligated byt2e A/t t* re/ei-e re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r t2*se areas 2i/2 2a-e +*t/2*se+ t* *3t i+t* t2e 3r*gra.0

All rei+ers ill be ae/ted by t2e a+ti(du.3i+g re5uire.e+ts,2i/2 are less stri+ge+t t2a+ t2*se *r t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e3*rti*+ * t2e 3r*gra.0 T2e a+ti(du.3i+g regulati*+s ae/ti+g/*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e are +*t e3e/ted t* dis3r*3*rti*+ately i.3a/ts.all rei+ers * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e0 I+ additi*+, all rei+ers 2a-e t2e *3ti*+ t* use eit2er t2e si.3le*r /*.3le .*del duri+g t2e irst years * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e3r*gra.0 Rei+ers 2a-e greater leibility u+der t2e /*.3le .*del t2a+u+der t2e si.3le .*del 2i/2 */uses 3ri.arily *+ -*latility /*+tr*l;i+ /2**si+g t2e least(/*st .et2*d * /*.3lia+/e0 T2e /*.3*+e+t * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. .*st liely t*u+a-*rably i.3a/t s.all e+tities is t2e u+da.e+tal +e/essity t2atre*r.ulated gas*li+e .eet .*re stri+ge+t e.issi*+ sta+dards a+d t2us3r*/essi+g re5uire.e+ts0 T2e Age+/y is u+aare * a+y alter+ati-e*3ti*+s 2i/2 .ig2t relie-e t2e regulat*ry burde+ *+ s.all e+tities2ile si.ulta+e*usly .ai+tai+i+g t2e 3r*gra. be+eits re5uired by t2estatute0 Ee.3ti+g s.all rei+ers r*. t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+eregulati*+s *uld result i+ t2e ailure * .eeti+g "AA 3er*r.a+/esta+dards, 2i/2 is illegal0 All re*r.ulated gas*li+e is re5uired t*.eet t2e sa.e 3er*r.a+/e a+d /*.3*siti*+al sta+dards0 Additi*+ally,e+*r/e.e+t * a re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra. it2 ee.3ti*+s *r lessstri+ge+t sta+dards *r s*.e uel 3r*du/ers;, i+(use, *uld be-irtually i.3*ssible t* e+*r/e due t* t2e i+2ere+t +ature * t2e



u+gible gas*li+e distributi*+ syste. i+ eiste+/e0 8es3ite t2e i+ability t* ee.3t s.all busi+esses r*. t2ere5uire.e+ts * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*gra., E!A 2as .adea//*..*dati*+s 2ere 3*ssible0 O+e ea.3le * t2e -ersatility e.beddedi+ t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e regulati*+s, by E!A, is t2e leibility

a-ailable t* all rei+ers, b*t2 s.all a+d large, t* /2**se t* 2a-e *+e*r .*re i+di-idual rei+ery /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e /*.3lia+/e baseli+esa+d *+e *r .*re >>rei+er?? baseli+es i0e0, .*re t2a+ *+e gr*u3i+g *t* *r .*re rei+eries t* *r. a /*.3lia+/e baseli+e;0 A+*t2er ea.3le* t2e leibility * t2e regulati*+s is t2e ability t* 3r*du/ere*r.ulated gas*li+e *+ a 3er gall*+ *r a-eragi+g basis0 Als*, /ertai+s.all rei+ers 2* 3r*du/ed <!(4 et uel i+ 199% .ay be able t* adustt2eir baseli+es s* as t* redu/e t2e /*.3lia+/e burde+0 It is *rt2y t*+*te t2at alt2*ug2 E!A 2as re/ei-ed se-eral /*..e+ts 2i/2 /lai. t2att2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e regulati*+s ill result i+ /l*si+g t2e s.allbusi+ess e+tities ae/ted by t2is rule, /*+-i+/i+g e-ide+/e su33*rti+gt2is /lai. 2as +*t bee+ sub.itted0

I+ a//*rda+/e it2 se/ti*+ 6%4 * t2e Regulat*ry Fleibility A/t,E!A 2as 3re3ared a regulat*ry leibility a+alysis 2i/2 i+/ludes a/*.3re2e+si-e ustii/ati*+ *r t2e deter.i+ati*+ briely re-ieedab*-e, as ell as a su..ary a+d assess.e+t * t2e issues raised by3ubli/ /*..e+ts *+ t2e I+itial Regulat*ry Fleibility A+alysis0 T2e/*.3lete a+alysis is /*+tai+ed it2i+ t2e Regulat*ry I.3a/t A+alysis2i/2 2as bee+ 3la/ed i+ t2e d*/et *r t2is rule.ai+g: E!A Air 8*/et

A(9@(1@0

V0 'tatut*ry Aut2*rity

T2e statut*ry aut2*rity *r t2e rules i+ali7ed t*day is gra+ted t*E!A by se/ti*+s 114, @11 /; a+d ; a+d C%1 * t2e "lea+ Air A/t, asa.e+ded, 4@ 0'0"0 )414, )=4= /; a+d ;, a+d )6%10

VI0 Ad.i+istrati-e 8esig+ati*+ a+d Regulat*ry A+alysis

!ursua+t t* Ee/uti-e Order 1@&66, =& FR =1)C= O/t*ber 4, 199C;;t2e Age+/y .ust deter.i+e 2et2er t2e regulat*ry a/ti*+ is>>sig+ii/a+t?? a+d t2ere*re sube/t t* OM re-ie a+d t2ere5uire.e+ts * t2e Ee/uti-e Order0 T2e Order dei+es >>sig+ii/a+tregulat*ry a/ti*+?? as *+e t2at is liely t* result i+ a rule t2at .ay:

1; Da-e a+ a++ual ee/t *+ t2e e/*+*.y * 1%% .illi*+ *r .*re*r ad-ersely ae/t i+ a .aterial ay t2e e/*+*.y, a se/t*r * t2ee/*+*.y, 3r*du/ti-ity, /*.3etiti*+, *bs, t2e e+-ir*+.e+t, 3ubli/2ealt2 *r saety, *r 'tate, l*/al, *r tribal g*-er+.e+ts *r/*..u+itites



@; "reate a seri*us i+/*+siste+/y *r *t2erise i+terere it2a+ a/ti*+ tae+ *r 3la++ed by a+*t2er age+/y C; Materially alter t2e budgetary i.3a/t * e+title.e+ts,gra+ts, user ees, *r l*a+ 3r*gra.s *r t2e rig2ts a+d *bligati*+s *re/i3ie+ts t2ere* *r

4; Raise +*-el legal *r 3*li/y issues arisi+g *ut * legal.a+dates, t2e !reside+t?s 3ri*rities, *r t2e 3ri+/i3les set *rt2 i+t2e Ee/uti-e Order0

!ursua+t t* t2e ter.s * Ee/uti-e Order 1@&66, it 2as bee+deter.i+ed t2at t2is rule is a >>sig+ii/a+t regulat*ry a/ti*+??be/ause t2e Ad.i+istrat*r 2as deter.i+ed t2at re*r.ulated gas*li+eill /*st ell i+ e/ess * 1%% .illi*+ 3er year a+d t2ere*re s2*uldbe /lassiied as a sig+ii/a+t regulat*ry a/ti*+0 As su/2, t2is a/ti*+as sub.itted t* OM *r re-ie0 "2a+ges .ade i+ res3*+se t* OMsuggesti*+s *r re/*..e+dati*+s ill be d*/u.e+ted i+ t2e 3ubli/ re/*rd:E!A Air 8*/et A(9@(1@0

A Regulat*ry I.3a/t A+alysis RIA; *r t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e3r*gra. 2as bee+ 3re3ared a+d 3la/ed i+ !ubli/ 8*/et N*0 A(9@(1@ t*a//*.3a+y t2is E!A +*ti/e * i+al rule.ai+g0 A drat -ersi*+ * t2eRegulat*ry I.3a/t A+alysis as sub.itted t* t2e Oi/e * Ma+age.e+ta+d udget OM; *r re-ie as re5uired by Ee/uti-e Order 1@&660Britte+ /*..e+ts r*. OM a+d E!A res3*+se t* t2*se /*..e+ts 2a-e als*bee+ 3la/ed i+ t2e 3ubli/ d*/et *r t2is rule.ai+g0 E!A 2as .adesubse5ue+t u3dates a+d re-isi*+s t* t2e drat -ersi*+ 3erti+e+t t* t2euse * t2e si.3le .*del0 A i+al -ersi*+ * t2e a+alysis is a-ailablei+ t2e d*/et /ited ab*-e0

VII0 "*.3lia+/e Bit2 t2e !a3er*r Redu/ti*+ A/t

T2e i+*r.ati*+ /*lle/ti*+ re5uire.e+ts i+ t2is rule 2a-e bee+sub.itted *r a33r*-al t* t2e Oi/e * Ma+age.e+t a+d udget OM;u+der t2e !a3er*r Redu/ti*+ A/t, 44 0'0"0 C=%1 et se50 A+I+*r.ati*+ "*lle/ti*+ Re5uest d*/u.e+t 2as bee+ 3re3ared by E!A I"RN*01=910%C; a+d a /*3y .ay be *btai+ed r*. 'a+dy Far.er, I+*r.ati*+!*li/y ra+/2 E!A, 4%1 M 'treet, 'B0 Mail "*de @1C6; Bas2i+gt*+, 8"@%46% *r by /alli+g @%@; @6%(@)4%0 T2ese re5uire.e+ts are +*tee/ti-e u+til OM a33r*-es t2e. a+d a te/2+i/al a.e+d.e+t t* t2atee/t is 3ublis2ed i+ t2e Federal Register0 T2is /*lle/ti*+ * i+*r.ati*+ 2as a+ esti.ated re3*rti+g burde+a-eragi+g & 2*urs 3er res3*+se a+d a+ esti.ated a++ual re/*rdee3i+gburde+ a-eragi+g C& 2*urs 3er res3*+de+t0 T2ese esti.ates i+/lude ti.e*r re-iei+g i+stru/ti*+s, sear/2i+g eisti+g data s*ur/es, gat2eri+ga+d .ai+tai+i+g t2e data +eeded, a+d /*.3leti+g a+d re-iei+g t2e/*lle/ti*+ * i+*r.ati*+0



'e+d /*..e+ts regardi+g t2e burde+ esti.ate *r a+y *t2er as3e/t *t2is /*lle/ti*+ * i+*r.ati*+, i+/ludi+g suggesti*+s *r redu/i+g t2isburde+ t* "2ie, I+*r.ati*+ !*li/y ra+/2 E!A 4%1 M 't0, 'B0 Mail"*de @1C6; Bas2i+gt*+, 8" @%46% a+d t* t2e Oi/e * I+*r.ati*+ a+d

Regulat*ry Aairs, Oi/e * Ma+age.e+t a+d udget, Bas2i+gt*+, 8"@%=%C, .ared >>Atte+ti*+: 8es Oi/er *r E!A0??

VIII0 N*ti/e Regardi+g Registrati*+ * Re*r.ulated #as*li+es

E!A is i+ t2e 3r*/ess * establis2i+g +e re5uire.e+ts *r t2eregistrati*+ * .*t*r -e2i/le uels a+d uel additi-es FLFAs; asaut2*ri7ed by se/ti*+s @11b; a+d @11e; * t2e "lea+ Air A/t"AA;0J'!K96 A 3r*3*sal as 3ublis2ed *+ A3ril 1=, 199@ =) FR 1C16&;0!ursua+t t* /*urt *rder, E!A is s/2eduled t* issue t2e i+al rule *+ *rbe*re A3ril @9, 19940 T2e +e registrati*+ regulati*+s *uldsu33le.e+t eisti+g re5uire.e+ts a+d *uld a33ly t* all FLFAsdesig+ated *r registrati*+, i+/ludi+g re*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d*yge+ated gas*li+es0 T2is +e rule *uld re5uire .a+ua/turers *desig+ated FLFAs t* /*+du/t /ertai+ tests a+d sub.it i+*r.ati*+regardi+g t2e /*.3*siti*+ a+d t2e 3*te+tial 2ealt2 a+d elare ee/ts* t2e e.issi*+s 3r*du/ed by su/2 FLFAs0 "*+siste+t it2 statut*ryre5uire.e+ts, *r 3r*du/ts registered 3ri*r t* t2e 3r*.ulgati*+ * t2eFLFA i+al rule t2e 3r*3*sal *uld all* a 3eri*d * t2ree years *rt2e sub.issi*+ * /ertai+ data re5uired by t2e rule0 +der t2is3r*3*sal, .a+ua/turers * desig+ated FLFAs +*t registered 3ri*r t* t2e3r*.ulgati*+ * t2e FLFA i+al rule *uld be re5uired t* sub.it t2ere5uisite i+*r.ati*+ 3ri*r t* registrati*+0 T2is *uld .ea+ t2at3r*du/ts +*t registered at t2e ti.e * 3r*.ulgati*+ * t2e i+al FLFAtesti+g rule *uld +*t be all*ed t* be registered a+d s*ld u+til E!Are/ei-es t2e re5uisite 2ealt2 ee/ts i+*r.ati*+0 I+ -ie * t2is3r*3*sed 3r*-isi*+, E!A is ad-isi+g .a+ua/turers * re*r.ulatedgas*li+e a+d *yge+ated gas*li+es t* 3r*.3tly register t2eir 3r*du/ts*r u3date t2eir /urre+t gas*li+e registrati*+s; s* t2ey /a+ e+ter t2e.aret3la/e a+d .ae use * t2e t2ree(year ti.e i+d* all*ed by t2estatute t* /*+du/t t2e re5uired tests0 T2e 3ur3*se * t2is se/ti*+ ist* 3r*-ide s*.e guida+/e t* uel 3r*du/ers *+ t2e registrati*+ 3r*/ess0

P9P6+der se/ti*+ @11a; registrati*+ * desig+ated uels a+duel additi-es is re5uired as a 3re/*+diti*+ t* i+tr*du/ti*+ i+t*t2e .aret3la/e0



T* .ae t2e registrati*+ 3r*/ess .*re leible a+d /*+-e+ie+t,/urre+t registrati*+ 3r*/edures all* a uel 3r*du/er t* i+/lude i+ t2e*rigi+al registrati*+ a list * additi-es t2at .ig2t be used i+ t2e.areted uel, al*+g it2 t2e a33li/able ra+ge * /*+/e+trati*+(i+(use*r ea/2 alter+ati-e0 Ma+ua/turers are als* all*ed t* re-ise eisti+g

uel registrati*+s t* a//*..*date e3e/ted /2a+ges i+ t2eir*r.ulati*+s0 T2ese 3r*-isi*+s all* uel 3r*du/ers t* res3*+d 5ui/lyt* lu/tuati*+s i+ 3ri/e, a-ailability, a+d *t2er .aret *r te/2+i/ala/t*rs 2e+ t2ey *r.ulate t2eir uel 3r*du/ts0 "*+siste+t it2 t2is /urre+t 3ra/ti/e, E!A ill 3er.it uel3r*du/ers t* register t2eir *yge+ated gas*li+e *r.ulati*+s i+/ludi+gre*r.ulated gas*li+e; by si.3ly re-isi+g t2eir eisti+g gas*li+eregistrati*+s t* i+/lude t2e 3erti+e+t *yge+ati+g /*.3*u+ds;0 Fuel3r*du/ers 2* are u+/ertai+ ab*ut t2eir uture uel *r.ulati*+s /*uld3*te+tially list a+ u+li.ited +u.ber * *yge+ates 2i/2 t2ey .ig2t,u+der s*.e /*+/ei-able /ir/u.sta+/es, ble+d i+t* gas*li+e0 D*e-er, E!A*uld ge+erally ad-ise agai+st t2e strategy * i+/ludi+g e-ery 3*ssiblealter+ati-e *yge+ate0 T2e a/t t2at, *r t2e sae * /*+-e+ie+/e,registrati*+s are 3er.itted t* be .*diied t* /*-er *yge+atedgas*li+es d*es +*t .ea+ t2at all 3*te+tial *r.ulati*+s 2i/2 it u+dert2is br*ad /*.3*siti*+al u.brella ill +e/essarily be /*+siderede5ui-ale+t t* a si+gle uel 3r*du/t0 I+ a/t, t2e FLFA i+al rule ise3e/ted t* /*+sider ea/2 gas*li+eL*yge+ate ble+d as a diere+t*r.ulati*+0 T2us, uel 3r*du/ers *uld be res3*+sible *r t2e testi+g* ea/2 gas*li+eL*yge+ate ble+d /*-ered by t2e res3e/ti-e uelregistrati*+0 Furt2er.*re, *yge+ated /*.3*u+ds t2at are listed but +*ttested it2i+ t2e all*tted ti.e 3eri*d i0e0, t2ree years; /*uld +*t beused by t2e .a+ua/turer0 T2us, i+ deter.i+i+g 2i/2 *yge+ate/*.3*u+ds t* i+/lude i+ t2e registrati*+, ea/2 3r*du/er s2*uld/areully /*+sider t2e trade* betee+ t2e additi*+al leibility2i/2 a /*.3re2e+si-e list * 3*te+tial *yge+ates .ig2t 3r*-ide a+dt2e additi*+al testi+g res3*+sibility 2i/2 .ig2t result0 F*r .*re i+*r.ati*+ ab*ut registrati*+ 3r*/edures, 3lease /*+ta/tt2e registrati*+ *i/e at @%@; @CC(9)==0 F*r i+*r.ati*+ *+ t2etesti+g re5uire.e+ts * t2e FLFA rule /*+ta/t I+es Figuer*a at C1C;66&(4=)=0

ist * 'ube/ts i+ 4% "FR !art &%

E+-ir*+.e+tal 3r*te/ti*+, Fuel additi-es, #as*li+e, I+/*r3*rati*+by reere+/e, M*t*r -e2i/le 3*lluti*+, !e+alties, Re3*rti+g a+dre/*rdee3i+g re5uire.e+ts0

8ated: 8e/e.ber 1=, 199C0

"ar*l M0 r*+er, Ad.i+istrat*r0



F*r t2e reas*+s set *rt2 i+ t2e 3rea.ble, 3art &% * title 4% *t2e "*de * Federal Regulati*+s is a.e+ded as *ll*s:

!ART &%((RE#ATION OF FE' AN8 FE A88ITIVE'

10 T2e aut2*rity /itati*+ *r 3art &% /*+ti+ues t* read as *ll*s:@0

Aut2*rity: 'e/ti*+s 114, @11 a+d C%1a; * t2e "lea+ Air A/t asa.e+ded 4@ 0'0"0 )414, )=4=, a+d )6%1a;;0

@0 'e/ti*+ &%0@ is a.e+ded by addi+g 3aragra32s ee;, ;, gg;,22;, ii;, ;, ;, ll;, ..;, a+d ++; t* read as *ll*s:

'e/0 &%0@ 8ei+iti*+s0

• S S S S•

• ee; Re*r.ulated gas*li+e .ea+s a+y gas*li+e 2*se *r.ulati*+ 2as• bee+ /ertiied u+der 'e/0 &%04%, 2i/2 .eets ea/2 * t2e sta+dards a+d• re5uire.e+ts 3res/ribed u+der 'e/0 &%041, a+d 2i/2 /*+tai+s less t2a+• t2e .ai.u. /*+/e+trati*+ * t2e .arer s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%0&@ t2at is• all*ed *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e u+der 'e/0 &%0&@0• ; "*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e .ea+s a+y gas*li+e 2i/2 2as +*t bee+• /ertiied u+der 'e/0 &%04%0•

• gg; at/2 * re*r.ulated gas*li+e .ea+s a 5ua+tity *• re*r.ulated gas*li+e 2i/2 is 2*.*ge+e*us it2 regard t* t2*se• 3r*3erties 2i/2 are s3e/iied *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e /ertii/ati*+0• 22; "*-ered area .ea+s ea/2 * t2e ge*gra32i/ areas s3e/iied i+• 'e/0 &%0)% i+ 2i/2 *+ly re*r.ulated gas*li+e .ay be s*ld *r dis3e+sed• t* ulti.ate /*+su.ers0•

• ii; Re*r.ulated gas*li+e /redit .ea+s t2e u+it * .easure *r t2e• 3a3er tra+ser * *yge+ *r be+7e+e /*+te+t resulti+g r*. re*r.ulated• gas*li+e 2i/2 /*+tai+s .*re t2a+ @01 eig2t 3er/e+t * *yge+ *r less

• t2a+ %09= -*lu.e 3er/e+t be+7e+e0•

• ; Oyge+ate .ea+s a+y substa+/e 2i/2, 2e+ added t* gas*li+e,• i+/reases t2e *yge+ /*+te+t * t2at gas*li+e0 aul use * a+y * t2e• substa+/es *r a+y /*.bi+ati*+ * t2ese substa+/es re5uires t2at t2ey be• >>substa+tially si.ilar?? u+der se/ti*+ @11;1; * t2e "lea+ Air A/t,• *r be 3er.itted u+der a ai-er gra+ted by t2e Ad.i+istrat*r u+der t2e• aut2*rity * se/ti*+ @11;4; * t2e "lea+ Air A/t0



• ; Re*r.ulated gas*li+e ble+dst*/ *r *yge+ate ble+di+g, *r• RO .ea+s a 3etr*leu. 3r*du/t 2i/2, 2e+ ble+ded it2 a s3e/iied• ty3e a+d 3er/e+tage * *yge+ate, .eets t2e dei+iti*+ * re*r.ulated• gas*li+e, a+d t* 2i/2 t2e s3e/iied ty3e a+d 3er/e+tage * *yge+ate• is added *t2er t2a+ by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter * t2e RO at t2e•

rei+ery *r i.3*rt a/ility 2ere t2e RO is 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted0• ll; Oyge+ate ble+di+g a/ility .ea+s a+y a/ility i+/ludi+g a• tru/; at 2i/2 *yge+ate is added t* gas*li+e *r ble+dst*/, a+d at• 2i/2 t2e 5uality *r 5ua+tity * gas*li+e is +*t altered i+ a+y *t2er• .a++er e/e3t *r t2e additi*+ * de3*sit /*+tr*l additi-es0• ..; Oyge+ate ble+der .ea+s a+y 3ers*+ 2* *+s, leases, *3erates,• /*+tr*ls, *r su3er-ises a+ *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility, *r 2* *+s *r• /*+tr*ls t2e ble+dst*/ *r gas*li+e used *r t2e gas*li+e 3r*du/ed at a+• *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility0•

• ++; Oyge+ated uels 3r*gra. re*r.ulated gas*li+e, *r O!R# .ea+s

• re*r.ulated gas*li+e 2i/2 is i+te+ded *r use i+ a+ *yge+ated uels• 3r*gra. /*+tr*l area, as dei+ed at 3aragra32 33; * t2is se/ti*+,• duri+g a+ *yge+ated uels 3r*gra. /*+tr*l 3eri*d, as dei+ed at• 3aragra32 55; * t2is se/ti*+0•

•

• S S S S•

• Ne sub3art 8, /*+sisti+g * 'e/s0 &%04% t2r*ug2 &%0&9, sub3art• E, /*+sisti+g * 'e/s0 &%09% t2r*ug2 &%01@4, a+d sub3art F, /*+sisti+g• * 'e/s0 &%01@= t2r*ug2 &%01C=, are added t* read as *ll*s:•

'ub3art 8((Re*r.ulated #as*li+e

'e/0

&%04% Fuel /ertii/ati*+ 3r*/edures0&%041 'ta+dards a+d re5uire.e+ts *r /*.3lia+/e0&%04@ 'i.3le e.issi*+s .*del0&%04C(&%044 [Reser-ed]

&%04= "*.3le e.issi*+s .*del0&%046 Measure.e+t * re*r.ulated gas*li+e uel 3ara.eters0&%04) [Reser-ed]&%04& Aug.e+tati*+ * t2e /*.3le e.issi*+ .*del by -e2i/letesti+g0&%049 Fuels t* be used i+ aug.e+ti+g t2e /*.3le e.issi*+ .*delt2r*ug2 -e2i/le testi+g0&%0=% #e+eral test 3r*/edure re5uire.e+ts *r aug.e+tati*+ * t2e



e.issi*+ .*dels0&%0=1 Ve2i/le test 3r*/edures0&%0=@ Ve2i/le 3re/*+diti*+i+g0&%0=C(&%0=4 [Reser-ed]&%0== Measure.e+t .et2*ds *r be+7e+e a+d 1,C(butadie+e

&%0=6 Measure.e+t .et2*ds *r *r.alde2yde a+d a/etalde2yde0&%0=)(&%0=& [Reser-ed]&%0=9 #e+eral test leet re5uire.e+ts *r -e2i/le testi+g0&%06% Test leet re5uire.e+ts *r e2aust e.issi*+ testi+g0&%061 [Reser-ed]&%06@ Ve2i/le test 3r*/edures t* 3la/e -e2i/les i+ e.itter gr*u3sub(leets0&%06C(&%064 [Reser-ed]&%06= #e+eral re5uire.e+ts *r rei+ers, i.3*rters, a+d *yge+ateble+ders0&%066 "al/ulati*+ * re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*3erties0&%06) "*.3lia+/e *+ a-erage0&%06& "*.3lia+/e sur-eys0&%069 Re5uire.e+ts *r d*+strea. *yge+ate ble+di+g0&%0)% "*-ered areas0&%0)1 8es/ri3ti*+s * VO"(/*+tr*l regi*+s0&%0)@ [Reser-ed]&%0)C I+ability t* 3r*du/e /*+*r.i+g gas*li+e i+ etra*rdi+ary/ir/u.sta+/es0&%0)4 Re/*rd ee3i+g re5uire.e+ts0&%0)= Re3*rti+g re5uire.e+ts0&%0)6 Registrati*+ * rei+ers, i.3*rters *r *yge+ate ble+der0&%0)) !r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+tati*+0&%0)& "*+tr*ls a+d 3r*2ibiti*+s *+ re*r.ulated gas*li+e0&%0)9 iability *r -i*lati*+s * t2e 3r*2ibited a/ti-ities0&%0&% !e+alties0&%0&1 E+*r/e.e+t ee.3ti*+s *r "ali*r+ia gas*li+e0&%0&@ "*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e .arer0 [Reser-ed]&%0&C(&%0&9 [Reser-ed]

'ub3art E((A+ti(8u.3i+g

&%09% "*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e baseli+e e.issi*+s deter.i+ati*+0&%091 I+di-idual baseli+e deter.i+ati*+0&%09@ aseli+e audit*r re5uire.e+ts0&%09C I+di-idual baseli+e sub.issi*+ a+d a33r*-al0&%094(&%01%% [Reser-ed]&%01%1 'ta+dards a33li/able t* rei+ers a+d i.3*rters0&%01%@ "*+tr*ls a33li/able t* ble+dst*/s0&%01%C Registrati*+ * rei+ers a+d i.3*rters0&%01%4 Re/*rd ee3i+g re5uire.e+ts0&%01%= Re3*rti+g re5uire.e+ts0



&%01%6 !r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts0&%01%)(&%01@4 [Reser-ed]

'ub3art F((Attest E+gage.e+ts

&%01@= Attest e+gage.e+ts0&%01@6 8ei+iti*+s0&%01@) 'a.3le si7e guideli+es0&%01@& Agreed u3*+ 3r*/edures *r rei+ers a+d i.3*rters0&%01@9 Agreed u3*+ 3r*/edures *r d*+strea. *yge+ate ble+ders0&%01C% Agreed u3*+ 3r*/edures re3*rts0&%01C1(&%01C= [Reser-ed]

'ub3art 8((Re*r.ulated #as*li+e

'e/0 &%04% Fuel /ertii/ati*+ 3r*/edures0

a; #as*li+e t2at /*.3lies it2 *+e * t2e sta+dards s3e/iied i+'e/0 &%041 a; t2r*ug2 ; t2at is rele-a+t *r t2e gas*li+e, a+d t2at.eets all *t2er rele-a+t re5uire.e+ts 3res/ribed u+der 'e/0 &%041,s2all be dee.ed /ertiied0

b; A+y rei+er *r i.3*rter .ay, it2 regard t* a s3e/ii/ uel*r.ulati*+, re5uest r*. t2e Ad.i+istrat*r a /ertii/ati*+ t2at t2e*r.ulati*+ .eets *+e * t2e sta+dards s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%041 a;t2r*ug2 ;0

'e/0 &%041 'ta+dards a+d re5uire.e+ts *r /*.3lia+/e0

a; 'i.3le .*del 3er(gall*+ sta+dards0 T2e >>si.3le .*del??sta+dards *r /*.3lia+/e 2e+ a/2ie-ed *+ a 3er(gall*+ basis are as*ll*s:

'i.3le M*del !er(#all*+ 'ta+dardsReid -a3*r 3ressure i+ 3*u+ds 3er s5uare i+/2;:

#as*li+e desig+ated *r VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ 10000000000000000 Jls(t2+e )0@

#as*li+e desig+ated *r VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ @0000000000000000 Jls(t2+e &01

Oyge+ /*+te+t 3er/e+t, by eig2t;000000000000000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e @0%

T*i/ air 3*lluta+ts e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ 3er/e+t;000000000000 Jgr(t2+e 1=0%



e+7e+e 3er/e+t, by -*lu.e;0000000000000000000000000000000000 Jls(t2+e 10%%

b; 'i.3le .*del a-eraged sta+dards0 T2e >>si.3le .*del?? sta+dards2e+ a/2ie-ed *+ a-erage are as *ll*s:

'i.3le M*del A-eraged 'ta+dardsReid -a3*r 3ressure i+ 3*u+ds 3er s5uare i+/2;:#as*li+e desig+ated *r VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ 1:

'ta+dard00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jls(t2+e )01

!er(#all*+ Mai.u.0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jls(t2+e )04#as*li+e desig+ated *r VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ @:

'ta+dard00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jls(t2+e &0%

!er(#all*+ Mai.u.0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jls(t2+e &0COyge+ /*+te+t 3er/e+t, by eig2t;:

'ta+dard0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e @01

!er(#all*+ Mi+i.u.000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e 10=

T*i/ air 3*lluta+ts e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ 3er/e+t;000000000000 Jgr(t2+e 160=e+7e+e 3er/e+t, by -*lu.e;:

'ta+dard0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jls(t2+e %09=

!er(#all*+ Mai.u.000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jls(t2+e 10C%

/; !2ase I /*.3le .*del 3er gall*+ sta+dards0 T2e !2ase I>>/*.3le .*del?? sta+dards *r /*.3lia+/e 2e+ a/2ie-ed *+ a 3ergall*+basis are as *ll*s:

!2ase I(("*.3le M*del !er(#all*+ 'ta+dardsVO" e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+ 3er/e+t;:

#as*li+e desig+ated *r VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ 10000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e



C=01

#as*li+e desig+ated *r VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ @0000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e 1=06

T*i/ air 3*lluta+ts e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+ 3er/e+t; Jgr(t2+e 1=0%

NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+ 3er/e+t;00000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e %0%



d; !2ase I /*.3le .*del a-eraged sta+dards0 T2e !2ase I >>/*.3le.*del?? sta+dards *r /*.3lia+/e 2e+ a/2ie-ed *+ a-erage are as*ll*s:

!2ase I(("*.3le M*del A-eraged 'ta+dardsVO" e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+ 3er/e+t;:#as*li+e desig+ated *r VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ 1:

'ta+dard00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e C606

!er(#all*+ Mi+i.u.0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jls(t2+e C@06#as*li+e desig+ated *r VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ @:

'ta+dard00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e 1)01

!er(#all*+ Mi+i.u.0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e 1C01T*i/s air 3*lluta+ts e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+

3er/e+t;0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e 160=NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+ 3er/e+t;:

'ta+dard00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e 10=



!er(#all*+ Mi+i.u.0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jls(t2+e (@0=Oyge+ /*+te+t 3er/e+t, by eig2t;:

'ta+dard00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e

@01

!er(#all*+ Mi+i.u.0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e 10=e+7e+e 3er/e+t, by -*lu.e;:

'ta+dard00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jls(t2+e %09=


e; !2ase II /*.3le .*del 3er(gall*+ sta+dards0 T2e !2ase II>>/*.3le .*del?? sta+dards *r /*.3lia+/e 2e+ a/2ie-ed *+ a 3ergall*+basis are as *ll*s:

!2ase II(("*.3le M*del !er(#all*+ 'ta+dardsVO" e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+ 3er/e+t;:

#as*li+e desig+ated *r VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 Jgr(t2+e @)0=

#as*li+e desig+ated *r VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ @ Jgr(t2+e @=09

T*i/ air 3*lluta+ts e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+ 3er/e+t; Jgr(t2+e @%0%NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+ 3er/e+t;:

#as*li+e desig+ated as VO"(/*+tr*lled00000000000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e =0=

#as*li+e +*t desig+ated as VO"(/*+tr*lled0000000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e %0%





; !2ase II /*.3le .*del a-eraged sta+dards0 T2e !2ase II>>/*.3le .*del?? sta+dards *r /*.3lia+/e 2e+ a/2ie-ed *+ a-erage areas *ll*s:

!2ase II(("*.3le M*del A-eraged 'ta+dardsVO" e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+ 3er/e+t;: #as*li+e desig+ated *r VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ 1:

'ta+dard00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e @90%

!er(#all*+ Mi+i.u.0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e @=0%#as*li+e desig+ated *r VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ @:

'ta+dard00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e @)04

!er(#all*+ Mi+i.u.0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e @C04T*i/s air 3*lluta+ts e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+

3er/e+t;0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e @10=NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+ 3er/e+t;:#as*li+e desig+ated as VO"(/*+tr*lled:

'ta+dard00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e 60&

!er(#all*+ Mi+i.u.0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e C0%#as*li+e +*t desig+ated as VO"(/*+tr*lled:

'ta+dard00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e 10=

!er(#all*+ Mi+i.u.0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e (@0=Oyge+ /*+te+t 3er/e+t, by eig2t;:

'ta+dard0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e @01

!er(#all*+ Mi+i.u.000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jgr(t2+e 10=



e+7e+e 3er/e+t, by -*lu.e;:

'ta+dard0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Jls(t2+e %09=


g; Oyge+ .ai.u. sta+dard0 T2e 3er(gall*+ sta+dards *r .ai.u.*yge+ /*+te+t, 2i/2 a33ly t* re*r.ulated gas*li+e sube/t t* t2esi.3le .*del 3er(gall*+ *r a-erage sta+dards, are as *ll*s0 1; F*r re*r.ulated gas*li+e desig+ated as VO"(/*+tr*lled: i; T2e sta+dard s2all be @0) by eig2t e/e3t t2at ii;A; T2e sta+dard s2all be C0= by eig2t it2i+ t2e b*u+daries* a+y state i t2e state +*tiies t2e Ad.i+istrat*r it is2es t2isdiere+t sta+dard t* a33ly 3r*-ided t2at ; T2ere 2a-e bee+ +* *//asi*+s it2i+ t2e t2ree 3re/edi+g years2e+ t2e *7*+e a.bie+t air 5uality sta+dard as e/eeded it2i+ a+y/*-ered area it2i+ t2e state0

@; F*r re*r.ulated gas*li+e +*t desig+ated as VO"(/*+tr*lled: i; T2e sta+dard s2all be C0= by eig2t e/e3t t2at ii; I+ t2e /ase * a+y state t2at 2as +*tiied t2e Ad.i+istrat*rt2at t2e use * a+ *yge+ate ill i+terere it2 attai+.e+t *r.ai+te+a+/e * a+ a.bie+t air 5uality sta+dard *r ill /*+tribute t* a+air 5uality 3r*ble., t2e sta+dard s2all be @0) by eig2t it2i+ t2eb*u+daries * t2at state0

2; Additi*+al sta+dard re5uire.e+ts0 I+ additi*+ t* t2e sta+dardss3e/iied i+ 3aragra32s a; t2r*ug2 g; * t2is se/ti*+, t2e *ll*i+gsta+dards a33ly *r all re*r.ulated gas*li+e: 1; T2e sta+dard *r 2ea-y .etals, i+/ludi+g lead *r .a+ga+ese, *+a 3er(gall*+ basis, is t2at re*r.ulated gas*li+e .ay /*+tai+ +* 2ea-y.etals0 T2e Ad.i+istrat*r .ay ai-e t2is 3r*2ibiti*+ *r a 2ea-y .etal*t2er t2a+ lead; i t2e Ad.i+istrat*r deter.i+es t2at additi*+ * t2e2ea-y .etal t* t2e gas*li+e ill +*t i+/rease, *+ a+ aggregate .ass *r/a+/er(ris basis, t*i/ air 3*lluta+t e.issi*+s r*. .*t*r -e2i/les0 @; I+ t2e /ase * a+y rei+ery *r i.3*rter sube/t t* t2e si.3le.*del sta+dards:

i; T2e a++ual a-erage le-els *r sulur, T(9%, a+d *lei+s /a++*te/eed t2at rei+ery?s *r i.3*rter?s 199% baseli+e le-els *r ea/2 *t2ese 3ara.eters a+d

ii; T2e 199% baseli+e le-els a+d t2e a++ual a-erages *r t2ese3ara.eters s2all be establis2ed usi+g t2e .et2*d*l*gy set *rt2 i+



'e/s0 &%091 t2r*ug2 &%09@ a+d

iii; I+ t2e /ase * a rei+er t2at *3erates .*re t2a+ *+erei+ery, t2e sta+dards s3e/iied u+der t2is 3aragra32 2;@; s2all be.et usi+g t2e rei+ery gr*u3i+g sele/ted by t2e rei+er u+der

'e/0 &%01%1g;0

i; se * si.3le a+d /*.3le .*dels0 1; 8uri+g ea/2 /ale+dar year199= t2r*ug2 199), a+y rei+ery *r i.3*rter s2all be sube/t t* eit2ert2e si.3le .*del sta+dards s3e/iied i+ 3aragra32s a; a+d b; * t2isse/ti*+, *r t2e !2ase I /*.3le .*del sta+dards s3e/iied i+ 3aragra32s/; a+d d; * t2is se/ti*+, at t2e *3ti*+ * t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter,3r*-ided t2at:

i; N* rei+ery *r i.3*rter .ay be sube/t t* a /*.bi+ati*+ *si.3le a+d /*.3le sta+dards duri+g a+y /ale+dar year a+d ii; A+y rei+er *r i.3*rter t2at ele/ts t* a/2ie-e /*.3lia+/e it2t2e a+ti(du.3i+g re5uire.e+ts usi+g t2e: A; 'i.3le .*del s2all .eet t2e re5uire.e+ts * t2is 'ub3art 8usi+g t2e si.3le .*del sta+dards *r

; "*.3le .*del *r *3ti*+al /*.3le .*del s2all .eet t2ere5uire.e+ts * t2is 'ub3art 8 usi+g t2e /*.3le .*del sta+dards0 @; 8uri+g t2e 3eri*d <a+uary 1, 199& t2r*ug2 8e/e.ber C1, 1999,a+y rei+er *r i.3*rter s2all be sube/t t* t2e !2ase I /*.3le .*delsta+dards s3e/iied i+ 3aragra32s /; a+d d; * t2is se/ti*+0 C; egi++i+g *+ <a+uary 1, @%%%, a+y rei+er *r i.3*rter s2all besube/t t* t2e !2ase II /*.3le .*del sta+dards s3e/iied i+ 3aragra32se; a+d ; * t2is se/ti*+0

; "*.3le .*del early use0 e*re <a+uary 1, 199&, t2e VO",t*i/s, a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e sta+dards *r a+y rei+ery*r i.3*rter sube/t t* t2e !2ase I /*.3le .*del sta+dards s2all bedeter.i+ed by e-aluati+g all * t2e *ll*i+g 3ara.eter le-els i+ t2e!2ase I /*.3le .*del s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%04=; at *+e ti.e: 1; T2e si.3le .*del -alues *r be+7e+e, RV!, a+d *yge+ s3e/iiedi+ 'e/0 &%041 a; *r b;, as a33li/able @; T2e ar*.ati/s -alue 2i/2, t*get2er it2 t2e -alues *rbe+7e+e, RV!, a+d *yge+ deter.i+ed u+der 3aragra32 ;1;i; * t2isse/ti*+, .eets t2e si.3le .*del t*i/s re5uire.e+t s3e/iied i+'e/0 &%041 a; *r b;, as a33li/able

C; T2e rei+ery?s *r i.3*rter?s i+di-idual baseli+e -alues *rsulur, E(C%%, a+d *lei+s, as establis2ed u+der 'e/0 &%091 a+d 4; T2e a33r*3riate seas*+al -alue * E(@%% s3e/iied i+'e/0 &%04=b;@;0



; Ee/t * VO" sur-ey ailure0 1; O+ ea/2 *//asi*+ duri+g 199=*r 1996 t2at a /*-ered area ails a si.3le .*del VO" e.issi*+sredu/ti*+ sur-ey /*+du/ted 3ursua+t t* 'e/0 &%06&, t2e RV! re5uire.e+ts*r t2at /*-ered area begi++i+g i+ t2e year *ll*i+g t2e ailure s2allbe adusted t* be .*re stri+ge+t as *ll*s:

i; T2e re5uired a-erage RV! le-el s2all be de/reased by a+additi*+al %01 3si a+d

ii; T2e .ai.u. RV! le-el *r ea/2 gall*+ * a-eraged gas*li+es2all be de/reased by a+ additi*+al %01 3si0 @; O+ ea/2 *//asi*+ t2at a /*-ered area ails a /*.3le .*del VO"e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ sur-ey /*+du/ted 3ursua+t t* 'e/0 &%06&, *r ails asi.3le .*del VO" e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ sur-ey /*+du/ted 3ursua+t t*'e/0 &%06& duri+g 199), t2e VO" e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard *r t2at/*-ered area begi++i+g i+ t2e year *ll*i+g t2e ailure s2all beadusted t* be .*re stri+ge+t as *ll*s: i; T2e re5uired a-erage VO" e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ s2all be i+/reasedby a+ additi*+al 10% a+d

ii; T2e .i+i.u. VO" e.issi*+s redu/ti*+, *r ea/2 gall*+ *a-eraged gas*li+e, s2all be i+/reased by a+ additi*+al 10%0 C; I+ t2e e-e+t t2at a /*-ered area *r 2i/2 re5uired VO"e.issi*+s redu/ti*+s 2a-e bee+ .ade .*re stri+ge+t 3asses all VO"e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ sur-eys i+ t* /*+se/uti-e years, t2e a-eragi+gsta+dards VO" e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ *r t2at /*-ered area begi++i+g i+t2e year *ll*i+g t2e se/*+d year * 3assed sur-ey series s2all be.ade less stri+ge+t as *ll*s:

i; T2e re5uired a-erage VO" e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ s2all be de/reasedby 10% a+d

ii; T2e .i+i.u. VO" e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ s2all be de/reased by10%0

4; I+ t2e e-e+t t2at a /*-ered area *r 2i/2 t2e re5uired VO"e.issi*+s redu/ti*+s 2a-e bee+ .ade less stri+ge+t ails a subse5ue+tVO" e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ sur-ey:

i; T2e re5uired a-erage VO" e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s *r t2at /*-eredarea begi++i+g i+ t2e year *ll*i+g t2is subse5ue+t ailure s2all be.ade .*re stri+ge+t by i+/reasi+g t2e re5uired a-erage a+d t2e .i+i.u.VO" e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ by 10% a+d

ii; T2e re5uired VO" e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s *r t2at /*-ered areat2ereater s2all +*t be .ade less stri+ge+t regardless * t2e results* subse5ue+t VO" e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ sur-eys0 l; Ee/t * t*i/s sur-ey ailure0 1; O+ ea/2 *//asi*+ duri+g



199= *r 1996 t2at a /*-ered area ails a si.3le .*del t*i/s e.issi*+sredu/ti*+ sur-ey series, /*+du/ted 3ursua+t t* 'e/0 &%06&, t2e si.3le.*del t*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ re5uire.e+t *r t2at /*-ered areabegi++i+g i+ t2e year *ll*i+g t2e year * t2e ailure is .ade .*restri+ge+t by i+/reasi+g t2e a-erage t*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ by a+

additi*+al 10%0

@; O+ ea/2 *//asi*+ t2at a /*-ered area ails a /*.3le .*delt*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ sur-ey series, /*+du/ted 3ursua+t t*'e/0 &%06&, *r ails a si.3le .*del t*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ sur-eyseries /*+du/ted 3ursua+t t* 'e/0 &%06& duri+g 199), t2e /*.3le .*delt*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ re5uire.e+t *r t2at /*-ered area begi++i+gi+ t2e year *ll*i+g t2e year * t2e ailure is .ade .*re stri+ge+t byi+/reasi+g t2e a-erage t*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ by a+ additi*+al10%0

C; I+ t2e e-e+t t2at a /*-ered area *r 2i/2 t2e t*i/s e.issi*+ssta+dard 2as bee+ .ade .*re stri+ge+t 3asses all t*i/s e.issi*+ssur-ey series i+ t* /*+se/uti-e years, t2e a-eragi+g sta+dard *rt*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+s *r t2at /*-ered area begi++i+g i+ t2e year*ll*i+g t2e se/*+d year * 3assed sur-ey series s2all be .ade lessstri+ge+t by de/reasi+g t2e a-erage t*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ by 10%0 4; I+ t2e e-e+t t2at a /*-ered area *r 2i/2 t2e t*i/s e.issi*+sredu/ti*+ sta+dard 2as bee+ .ade less stri+ge+t ails a subse5ue+tt*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ sur-ey series: i; T2e sta+dard *r t*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ *r t2at /*-eredarea begi++i+g i+ t2e year *ll*i+g t2is subse5ue+t ailure s2all be.ade .*re stri+ge+t by i+/reasi+g t2e a-erage t*i/s e.issi*+sredu/ti*+ by 10% a+d

ii; T2e sta+dard *r t*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ *r t2at /*-eredarea t2ereater s2all +*t be .ade less stri+ge+t regardless * t2eresults * subse5ue+t t*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ sur-eys0 .; Ee/t * NOJINFK sur-ey ailure0 1; O+ ea/2 *//asi*+ t2at a/*-ered area ails a NOJINFK e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ sur-ey /*+du/ted3ursua+t t* 'e/0 &%06&, e/e3t i+ t2e /ase !2ase II /*.3le .*delNOJINFK sta+dards *r VO"(/*+tr*lled gas*li+e, t2e NOJINFK e.issi*+sredu/ti*+ re5uire.e+ts *r t2at /*-ered area begi++i+g i+ t2e year*ll*i+g t2e ailure s2all be adusted t* be .*re stri+ge+t as*ll*s:

i; T2e re5uired a-erage NOJINFK e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ s2all bei+/reased by a+ additi*+al 10% a+d

ii; T2e .i+i.u. NOJINFK e.issi*+s redu/ti*+, *r ea/2 gall*+ *a-eraged gas*li+e, s2all be i+/reased by a+ additi*+al 10%0 @; I+ t2e e-e+t t2at a /*-ered area *r 2i/2 re5uired NOJINFK



e.issi*+s redu/ti*+s 2a-e bee+ .ade .*re stri+ge+t 3asses all NOJINFKe.issi*+s redu/ti*+ sur-eys i+ t* /*+se/uti-e years, t2e a-eragi+gsta+dards *r NOJINFK e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ *r t2at /*-ered areabegi++i+g i+ t2e year *ll*i+g t2e se/*+d year * 3assed sur-ey seriess2all be .ade less stri+ge+t as *ll*s:

i; T2e re5uired a-erage NOJINFK e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ s2all bede/reased by 10% a+d

ii; T2e .i+i.u. NOJINFK e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ s2all be de/reased by10%0

C; I+ t2e e-e+t t2at a /*-ered area *r 2i/2 t2e re5uiredNOJINFK e.issi*+s redu/ti*+s 2a-e bee+ .ade less stri+ge+t ails asubse5ue+t NOJINFK e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ sur-ey: i; T2e re5uired a-erage NOJINFK e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s *r t2at/*-ered area begi++i+g i+ t2e year *ll*i+g t2is subse5ue+t ailures2all be .ade .*re stri+ge+t by i+/reasi+g t2e re5uired a-erage a+d t2e.i+i.u. NOJINFK e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ by 10% a+d ii; T2e re5uired NOJINFK e.issi*+ redu/ti*+s *r t2at /*-eredarea t2ereater s2all +*t be .ade less stri+ge+t regardless * t2eresults * subse5ue+t NOJINFK e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ sur-eys0 +; Ee/t * be+7e+e sur-ey ailure0 1; O+ ea/2 *//asi*+ t2at a/*-ered area ails a be+7e+e /*+te+t sur-ey series, /*+du/ted 3ursua+tt* 'e/0 &%06&, t2e be+7e+e /*+te+t sta+dards *r t2at /*-ered areabegi++i+g i+ t2e year *ll*i+g t2e year * t2e ailure s2all be .ade.*re stri+ge+t as *ll*s:

i; T2e a-erage be+7e+e /*+te+t s2all be de/reased by %0%= by-*lu.e a+d

ii; T2e .ai.u. be+7e+e /*+te+t *r ea/2 gall*+ * a-eragedgas*li+e s2all be de/reased by %01% by -*lu.e0 @; I+ t2e e-e+t t2at a /*-ered area *r 2i/2 t2e be+7e+esta+dards 2a-e bee+ .ade .*re stri+ge+t 3asses all be+7e+e /*+te+tsur-ey series /*+du/ted i+ t* /*+se/uti-e years, t2e be+7e+e sta+dards*r t2at /*-ered area begi++i+g i+ t2e year *ll*i+g t2e se/*+d year* 3assed sur-ey series s2all be .ade less stri+ge+t as *ll*s: i; T2e a-erage be+7e+e /*+te+t s2all be i+/reased by %0%= by-*lu.e a+d

ii; T2e .ai.u. be+7e+e /*+te+t *r ea/2 gall*+ * a-eragedgas*li+e s2all be i+/reased by %01% by -*lu.e0 C; I+ t2e e-e+t t2at a /*-ered area *r 2i/2 t2e be+7e+esta+dards 2a-e bee+ .ade less stri+ge+t ails a subse5ue+t be+7e+e/*+te+t sur-ey series:

i; T2e sta+dards *r be+7e+e /*+te+t *r t2at /*-ered area



begi++i+g i+ t2e year *ll*i+g t2is subse5ue+t ailure s2all be t2e.*re stri+ge+t sta+dards 2i/2 ere i+ ee/t 3ri*r t* t2e *3erati*+ *3aragra32 +;@; * t2is se/ti*+ a+d

ii; T2e sta+dards *r be+7e+e /*+te+t *r t2at /*-ered area

t2ereater s2all +*t be .ade less stri+ge+t regardless * t2e results* subse5ue+t be+7e+e /*+te+t sur-eys0 *; Ee/t * *yge+ sur-ey ailure0 1; I+ a+y year t2at a /*-eredarea ails a+ *yge+ /*+te+t sur-ey series, /*+du/ted 3ursua+t t*'e/0 &%06&, t2e .i+i.u. *yge+ /*+te+t re5uire.e+t *r t2at /*-eredarea begi++i+g i+ t2e year *ll*i+g t2e year * t2e ailure is .ade.*re stri+ge+t by i+/reasi+g t2e .i+i.u. *yge+ /*+te+t sta+dard, *rea/2 gall*+ * a-eraged gas*li+e, by a+ additi*+al %01 2*e-er, i+ +*/ase s2all t2e .i+i.u. *yge+ /*+te+t sta+dard be greater t2a+ @0%0 @; I+ t2e e-e+t t2at a /*-ered area *r 2i/2 t2e .i+i.u. *yge+/*+te+t sta+dard 2as bee+ .ade .*re stri+ge+t 3asses all *yge+ /*+te+tsur-ey series i+ t* /*+se/uti-e years, t2e .i+i.u. *yge+ /*+te+tsta+dard *r t2at /*-ered area begi++i+g i+ t2e year *ll*i+g t2ese/*+d year * 3assed sur-ey series s2all be .ade less stri+ge+t byde/reasi+g t2e .i+i.u. *yge+ /*+te+t sta+dard by %010 C; I+ t2e e-e+t t2at a /*-ered area *r 2i/2 t2e .i+i.u. *yge+/*+te+t sta+dard 2as bee+ .ade less stri+ge+t ails a subse5ue+t *yge+/*+te+t sur-ey series:

i; T2e sta+dard *r .i+i.u. *yge+ /*+te+t *r t2at /*-ered areabegi++i+g i+ t2e year *ll*i+g t2is subse5ue+t ailure s2all be .ade.*re stri+ge+t by i+/reasi+g t2e .i+i.u. *yge+ /*+te+t sta+dard by%01 a+d

ii; T2e .i+i.u. *yge+ /*+te+t sta+dard *r t2at /*-ered areat2ereater s2all +*t be .ade less stri+ge+t regardless * t2e results* subse5ue+t *yge+ /*+te+t sur-eys0

3; Ee/ti-e date *r /2a+ged .i+i.u. *r .ai.u. sta+dards0 I+ t2e/ase * a+y .i+i.u. *r .ai.u. sta+dard t2at is /2a+ged t* be .*restri+ge+t by *3erati*+ * 3aragra32s ;, .;, +;, *r *; * t2isse/ti*+, t2e ee/ti-e date *r su/2 /2a+ge s2all be +i+ety days*ll*i+g t2e date E!A a++*u+/es t2e /2a+ge0 5; Rei+eries, i.3*rters, a+d *yge+ate ble+ders sube/t t*adusted sta+dards0 'ta+dards *r a-erage /*.3lia+/e t2at are adustedt* be .*re *r less stri+ge+t by *3erati*+ * 3aragra32s ;, l;, .;,+;, *r *; * t2is se/ti*+ a33ly t* a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e3r*du/ed at ea/2 rei+ery *r *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility, *r i.3*rtedby ea/2 i.3*rter as *ll*s:

1; Adusted sta+dards *r a /*-ered area a33ly t* a-eragedre*r.ulated gas*li+e t2at is 3r*du/ed at a rei+ery *r *yge+ate



ble+di+g a/ility i:

i; A+y a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e r*. t2at rei+ery *r*yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility su33lied t2e /*-ered area duri+g a+y year asur-ey as /*+du/ted 2i/2 ga-e rise t* a sta+dards adust.e+t *r

ii; A+y a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e r*. t2at rei+ery *r*yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility su33lies t2e /*-ered area duri+g a+y yeart2at t2e sta+dards are .*re stri+ge+t t2a+ t2e i+itial sta+dardsu+less

iii; T2e rei+er *r *yge+ate ble+der is able t* s2* t2at t2e-*lu.e * a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e r*. a rei+ery *r *yge+ateble+di+g a/ility t2at su33lied t2e /*-ered area duri+g a+y year u+der3aragra32s 5;1; i; *r ii; * t2is se/ti*+ as less t2a+ *+e 3er/e+t* t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*du/ed at t2e rei+ery *r *yge+ateble+di+g a/ility duri+g t2at year, *r 1%%,%%% barrels, 2i/2e-er isless0

@; Adusted sta+dards *r a /*-ered area a33ly t* a-eragedre*r.ulated gas*li+e t2at is i.3*rted by a+ i.3*rter i: i; T2e /*-ered area it2 t2e adusted sta+dard is l*/ated i+!etr*leu. Ad.i+istrati*+ *r 8ee+se 8istri/t !A88; I, a+d t2egas*li+e is i.3*rted at a a/ility l*/ated i+ !A88s I, II *r III ii; T2e /*-ered area it2 t2e adusted sta+dard is l*/ated i+ !A88II, a+d t2e gas*li+e is i.3*rted at a a/ility l*/ated i+ !A88s I, II,III, *r IV

iii; T2e /*-ered area it2 t2e adusted sta+dard is l*/ated i+!A88 III, a+d t2e gas*li+e is i.3*rted at a a/ility l*/ated i+ !A88sII, III, *r IV

i-; T2e /*-ered area it2 t2e adusted sta+dard is l*/ated i+ !A88IV, a+d t2e gas*li+e is i.3*rted at a a/ility l*/ated i+ !A88s II, *rIV *r

-; T2e /*-ered area it2 t2e adusted sta+dard is l*/ated i+ !A88V, a+d t2e gas*li+e is i.3*rted at a a/ility l*/ated i+ !A88s III, IV,*r V u+less

-i; A+y gas*li+e 2i/2 is i.3*rted by a+ i.3*rter at a+y a/ilityl*/ated i+ a+y !A88 su33lies t2e /*-ered area, i+ 2i/2 /ase t2eadusted sta+dard als* a33lies t* a-eraged gas*li+e i.3*rted at t2ata/ility by t2at i.3*rter0

C; A+y gas*li+e t2at is tra+s3*rted i+ a u+gible .a++er by a3i3eli+e, barge, *r -essel s2all be /*+sidered t* 2a-e su33lied ea/2/*-ered area t2at is su33lied it2 a+y gas*li+e by t2at 3i3eli+e, *r



barge *r -essel s2i3.e+t, u+less t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter is able t*establis2 t2at t2e gas*li+e it 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted as su33lied *+lyt* a s.aller +u.ber * /*-ered areas0

4; Adusted sta+dards a33ly t* all a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e

3r*du/ed by a rei+ery *r i.3*rted by a+ i.3*rter ide+tiied i+ t2is3aragra32 5;, e/e3t:

i; I+ t2e /ase * adusted VO" sta+dards *r a /*-ered areal*/ated i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ 1, t2e adusted VO" sta+dards a33ly *+lyt* a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e desig+ated as VO"(/*+tr*lled i+te+ded*r use i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 a+d

ii; I+ t2e /ase * adusted VO" sta+dards *r a /*-ered areal*/ated i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ @, t2e adusted VO" sta+dards a33ly *+lyt* a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e desig+ated as VO"(/*+tr*lled i+te+ded*r use i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ @0

r; 8ei+iti*+ * !A880 F*r t2e 3ur3*ses * t2is se/ti*+ *+ly, t2e*ll*i+g dei+iti*+s * !A88s a33ly:

1; T2e *ll*i+g states are i+/luded i+ !A88 I:

"*++e/ti/ut

8elaare

8istri/t * "*lu.bia

Fl*rida

#e*rgia

Mai+e

Maryla+d

Massa/2usetts

Ne $*r

Ne Da.3s2ire

Ne <ersey

N*rt2 "ar*li+a



!e++syl-a+ia

R2*de Isla+d

'*ut2 "ar*li+a

Ver.*+t

Virgi+ia

Best Virgi+ia

@; T2e *ll*i+g states are i+/luded i+ !A88 II:

Illi+*is

I+dia+a

I*a

Ga+sas

Ge+tu/y

Mi/2iga+

Mi++es*ta

Miss*uri

Nebrasa

N*rt2 8a*ta

O2i*

Ola2*.a

'*ut2 8a*ta

Te++essee

Bis/*+si+

C; T2e *ll*i+g states are i+/luded i+ !A88 III:

Alaba.a



Ara+sas

*uisia+a

Mississi33i

Ne Mei/*

Teas

4; T2e *ll*i+g states are i+/luded i+ !A88 IV:

"*l*rad*

Ida2*

M*+ta+a

ta2

By*.i+g

=; T2e *ll*i+g states are i+/luded i+ !A88 V:

Ari7*+a

"ali*r+ia

Ne-ada

Oreg*+

Bas2i+gt*+

'e/0 &%04@ 'i.3le e.issi*+s .*del0

a; VO" e.issi*+s0 T2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+s s2all /*.3rise t2esi.3le .*del *r VO" e.issi*+s0 T2e si.3le .*del *r VO" e.issi*+ss2all be used *+ly i+ deter.i+i+g t*i/s e.issi*+s:

'u..erT2e 3eri*d * May 1 t2r*ug2 'e3te.ber 1=Bi+terT2e 3eri*d * 'e3te.ber 16 t2r*ug2 A3ril C%EDVO"'1E2aust +*+.et2a+e VO" e.issi*+s r*. t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+, i+gra.s 3er .ile, *r VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ 1 duri+g t2e su..er 3eri*dEDVO"'@E2aust +*+.et2a+e VO" e.issi*+s r*. t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+, i+



gra.s 3er .ile, *r VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ @ duri+g t2e su..er 3eri*dEDVO"BE2aust +*+.et2a+e VO" e.issi*+s r*. t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+, i+gra.s 3er .ile, *r t2e i+ter 3eri*d

EV!VO"'1E-a3*rati-e VO" e.issi*+s r*. t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+, i+ gra.s

3er .ile *r VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ 1 duri+g t2e su..er 3eri*dEV!VO"'@E-a3*rati-e VO" e.issi*+s r*. t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+, i+ gra.s3er .ile *r VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ @ duri+g t2e su..er 3eri*dRVO"'1Ru++i+g l*ss VO" e.issi*+s r*. t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+, i+ gra.s3er .ile *r VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ 1 duri+g t2e su..er 3eri*dRVO"'@Ru++i+g l*ss VO" e.issi*+s r*. t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+, i+ gra.s3er .ile *r VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ @ duri+g t2e su..er 3eri*dREFVO"'1Reueli+g VO" e.issi*+s r*. t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+, i+ gra.s3er .ile *r VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ 1 duri+g t2e su..er 3eri*dREFVO"'@Reueli+g VO" e.issi*+s r*. t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+, i+ gra.s3er .ile *r VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ @ duri+g t2e su..er 3eri*dO"ONOyge+ /*+te+t * t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+, i+ ter.s * eig2t3er/e+t as .easured u+der 'e/0 &%046;RV!Reid -a3*r 3ressure * t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+, i+ 3*u+ds 3er s5uarei+/2 3si;

1; T2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+s s2all /*.3rise t2e si.3le .*del *r VO"e.issi*+s i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 duri+g t2e su..er 3eri*d:

EDVO"'1%0444 1(%01@)L@0); O"ON;EV!VO"'1%0)9=@(%0@461 RV! Q%0%@@9C RV! RV!RVO"'1(%0)C4Q%01%96 RV! Q%0%%@)91 RV! RV!REFVO"'1%0%4 %0166) RV!;(%04=;

@; T2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+s s2all /*.3rise t2e si.3le .*del *r VO"e.issi*+s i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ @ duri+g t2e su..er 3eri*d:

EDVO"'@%0444 1(%01@)L@0); O"ON;EV!VO"'@%0&1C(%0@C9C RV! Q%0%@1@C9 RV! RV!RVO"'@%0@96C(%01C%6 RV! Q%0%16@== RV! RV!REFVO"'@%0%4 %0166) RV!;(%04=;

C; T2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+ s2all /*.3rise t2e si.3le .*del *r VO"e.issi*+s duri+g t2e i+ter 3eri*d:

EDVO"B%06=6 1(%01@)L@0); O"ON;

b; T*i/s e.issi*+s0 T2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+s s2all /*.3rise t2esi.3le .*del *r t*i/s e.issi*+s:

EDENE2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s r*. t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+, i+.illigra.s 3er .ile



EV!ENE-a3*rati-e be+7e+e e.issi*+s r*. t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+, i+.illigra.s 3er .ile

D'END*t s*a be+7e+e e.issi*+s r*. t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+, i+

.illigra.s 3er .ile

8IEN8iur+al be+7e+e e.issi*+s r*. t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+, i+.illigra.s 3er .ile

RENRu++i+g l*ss be+7e+e e.issi*+s r*. t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+, i+.illigra.s 3er .ile

REFENReueli+g be+7e+e e.issi*+s r*. t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+, i+.illigra.s 3er .ile

MTEOyge+ /*+te+t * t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+ i+ t2e *r. * MTE, i+ter.s * eig2t 3er/e+t as .easured u+der 'e/0 &%046;ETODOyge+ /*+te+t * t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+ i+ t2e *r. * et2a+*l, i+ter.s * eig2t 3er/e+t as .easured u+der 'e/0 &%046;ETEOyge+ /*+te+t * t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+ i+ t2e *r. * ETE, i+ter.s * eig2t 3er/e+t as .easured u+der 'e/0 &%046;FORMF*r.alde2yde e.issi*+s r*. t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+, i+ .illigra.s3er .ile

A"ETA/etalde2yde e.issi*+s r*. t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+, i+ .illigra.s3er .ile

!OME.issi*+s * 3*ly/y/li/ *rga+i/ .atter r*. t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+,i+ .illigra.s 3er .ile

TAE.issi*+s * 1,C(utadie+e r*. t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+, i+.illigra.s 3er .ile

FENFuel be+7e+e * t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+, i+ ter.s * -*lu.e 3er/e+tas .easured u+der 'e/0 &%046;

FAROMFuel ar*.ati/s * t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+, i+ ter.s * -*lu.e3er/e+t as .easured u+der 'e/0 &%046;TORE8'1T*tal t*i/s redu/ti*+ * t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+ duri+g t2esu..er 3eri*d *r VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ 1 i+ 3er/e+tTORE8'@T*tal t*i/s redu/ti*+ * t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+ duri+g t2esu..er 3eri*d *r VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ @ i+ 3er/e+tTORE8BT*tal t*i/s redu/ti*+ * t2e uel i+ 5uesti*+ duri+g t2ei+ter 3eri*d i+ 3er/e+t

1; T2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+s s2all /*.3rise t2e si.3le .*del *r



t*i/s e.issi*+s i+ VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ 1 duri+g t2e su..er 3eri*d:

TORE8'1[1%% =C0@(EDEN (EV!EN(REN(REFEN (FORM(A"ET(TA(!OM;]L=C0@

EDEN[10&&4Q%0949 FENQ%011C FAROM(FEN;;L1%%] 1%%% EDVO"'1

EV!END'ENQ8IEN

D'ENFEN EV!VO"'1 %06)9; 1%%% [10444&(%0%6&4 MTEL@0%;(%0%&%@)4 RV!;;L1%%]

8IENFEN EV!VO"'1 %0C@1; 1%%% [10C)=&(%0%=)9 MTEL@0%;(%0%&%@)4 RV!;;L1%%]

RENFEN RVO"'1 1%%% [10444&(%0%6&4 MTEL@0%;(%0%&%@)4 RV!;;L1%%]

REFENFEN REFVO"'1 1%%% [10C9)@(%0%=91MTEL@0%;(%0%&1=%) RV!;;L1%%] TA%0%%==6EDVO"'11%%%!OMC01= EDVO"'1

i; F*r a+y *yge+ate *r .itures * *yge+ates, t2e *r.alde2ydea+d a/etalde2yde s2all be /al/ulated it2 t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+s:

FORM%0%1@=6 EDVO"'1 1%%% [1Q%04@1L@0); MTEQTAME;Q%0C=&LC0==; ETOD Q %01C)L@0); ETEQETAE;]

A"ET%0%%&91 EDVO"'1 1%%% [1 Q %0%)&L@0); MTEQTAME;Q%0&6=LC0==; ETODQ%0&6)L@0); ETEQETAE;]

ii; B2e+ /al/ulati+g *r.alde2yde a+d a/etalde2yde e.issi*+s usi+gt2e e5uati*+s i+ 3aragra32 b;1;i; * t2is se/ti*+, *yge+ i+ t2e*r. * al/*2*ls 2i/2 are .*re /*.3le *r 2a-e 2ig2er .*le/ulareig2ts t2a+ et2a+*l s2all be e-aluated as i it ere i+ t2e *r. *et2a+*l0 Oyge+ i+ t2e *r. * .et2yl et2ers *t2er t2a+ TAME a+d MTEs2all be e-aluated as i it ere i+ t2e *r. * MTE0 Oyge+ i+ t2e*r. * et2yl et2ers *t2er t2a+ ETE s2all be e-aluated as i it erei+ t2e *r. * ETE0 Oyge+ i+ t2e *r. * +*+(.et2yl, +*+(et2yl et2erss2all be e-aluated as i it ere i+ t2e *r. * ETE0 @; T2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+s s2all /*.3rise t2e si.3le .*del *rt*i/s e.issi*+s i+ VO" /*+tr*l regi*+ @ duri+g t2e su..er 3eri*d:

TORE8'@1%% =@01 ( EDEN ( EV!EN ( REN ( REFEN ( FORM ( A"ET



• TA ( !OM;L=@01•

• EDEN[10&&4Q%0949 FENQ%011C FAROM(FEN;;L1%%] 1%%%

• EDVO"'@•

• EV!END'ENQ8IEN•

• D'ENFEN EV!VO"'@ %06)9; 1%%% [10444&(%0%6&4 • MTEL@0%;(%0%&%@)4 RV!;;L1%%]•

• 8IENFEN EV!VO"'@ %0C@1; 1%%% [10C)=&(%0%=)9 • MTEL@0%;(%0%&%@)4 RV!;;L1%%]•

• RENFEN RVO"'@ 1%%% [10444&(%0%6&4 MTEL• @0%;(%0%&%@)4 RV!;;L1%%]

•

• REFENFEN REFVO"'@ 1%%% [10C9)@(%0%=91 MTEL• @0%;(%0%&1=%) RV!;;L1%%]•

• TA%0%%==6 EDVO"'@ 1%%%•

• !OMC01= EDVO"'@•

i; F*r a+y *yge+ate *r .itures * *yge+ates, t2e *r.alde2yde

a+d a/etalde2yde s2all be /al/ulated it2 t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+s:

FORM%0%1@=6 EEDVO"'@ 1%%% [1Q%04@1L@0); MTEQTAME;Q%0C=&LC0==; ETODQ%01C)L@0); ETEQETAE;]

A"ET%0%%&91 EDVO"'@ 1%%% [1Q%0%)&L@0); MTEQTAME;Q%0&6=LC0==; ETODQ%0&6)L@0); ETEQETAE;]

ii; B2e+ /al/ulati+g *r.alde2yde a+d a/etalde2yde e.issi*+s usi+gt2e e5uati*+s i+ 3aragra32 b;@;i; * t2is se/ti*+, *yge+ i+ t2e*r. * al/*2*ls 2i/2 are .*re /*.3le *r 2a-e 2ig2er .*le/ulareig2ts t2a+ et2a+*l s2all be e-aluated as i it ere i+ t2e *r. *

et2a+*l0 Oyge+ i+ t2e *r. * .et2yl et2ers *t2er t2a+ TAME a+d MTEs2all be e-aluated as i it ere i+ t2e *r. * MTE0 Oyge+ i+ t2e*r. * et2yl et2ers *t2er t2a+ ETE s2all be e-aluated as i it erei+ t2e *r. * ETE0 Oyge+ i+ t2e *r. * +*+(.et2yl, +*+(et2yl et2erss2all be e-aluated as i it ere i+ t2e *r. * ETE0 C; T2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+s s2all /*.3rise t2e si.3le .*del *rt*i/s e.issi*+s duri+g t2e i+ter 3eri*d:



TORE8B1%% ==0=(EDEN(FORM(A"ET (TA(!OM; L==0=EDEN[10&&4Q%0949 FENQ%011C FAROM(FEN;; L1%%] 1%%% EDVO"B

TA%0%%==6 EDVO"B 1%%%

!OM@01C EDVO"B

i; F*r a+y *yge+ate *r .itures * *yge+ates, t2e *r.alde2ydea+d a/etalde2yde s2all be /al/ulated it2 t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+s:

FORM%0%1@=6 EDVO"'1 1%%% [1Q%04@1L@0); MTEQTAME;Q%0C=&LC0==; ETODQ%01C)L@0); ETEQETAE;]

A"ET%0%%&91 EDVO"'1 1%%% [1Q%0%)&L@0); MTEQTAME;Q%0&6=LC0==; ETODQ%0&6)L@0); ETEQETAE;]

ii; B2e+ /al/ulati+g *r.alde2yde a+d a/etalde2yde e.issi*+s usi+gt2e e5uati*+s i+ 3aragra32 b;C;i; * t2is se/ti*+, *yge+ i+ t2e*r. * al/*2*ls 2i/2 are .*re /*.3le *r 2a-e 2ig2er .*le/ulareig2ts t2a+ et2a+*l s2all be e-aluated as i it ere i+ t2e *r. *et2a+*l0 Oyge+ i+ t2e *r. * .et2yl et2ers *t2er t2a+ TAME a+d MTEs2all be e-aluated as i it ere i+ t2e *r. * MTE0 Oyge+ i+ t2e*r. * et2yl et2ers *t2er t2a+ ETE s2all be e-aluated as i it erei+ t2e *r. * ETE0 Oyge+ i+ t2e *r. * +*+(.et2yl, +*+(et2yl et2erss2all be e-aluated as i it ere i+ t2e *r. * ETE0 /; i.its * t2e .*del0 1; T2e .*del gi-e+ i+ 3aragra32s a; a+db; * t2is se/ti*+ s2all be used as gi-e+ t* deter.i+e VO" a+d t*i/se.issi*+s, res3e/ti-ely, i t2e 3r*3erties * t2e uel bei+g e-aluatedall it2i+ t2e ra+ges s2*+ i+ t2is 3aragra32 /;0 I t2e 3r*3erties* t2e uel bei+g e-aluated all *utside t2e ra+ge s2*+ i+ t2is3aragra32 /;, t2e .*del .ay +*t be used t* deter.i+e t2e VO" *r t*i/s3er*r.a+/e * t2e uel:

Fuel 3ara.eter Ra+ge

e+7e+e /*+te+t00000000000000000000 %(@0= -*l RV!00000000000000000000000000000000 606(90% 3siOyge+ate /*+te+t000000000000000000 %(C0= -*l

Ar*.ati/s /*+te+t000000000000000000 1%(4= -*l



@; T2e .*del gi-e+ i+ 3aragra32s a; a+d b; * t2is se/ti*+ s2allbe ee/ti-e r*. <a+uary 1, 199= t2r*ug2 8e/e.ber C1, 199), u+lessete+ded by a/ti*+ * t2e Ad.i+istrat*r0

'e/s0 &%04C(&%044 [Reser-ed]

'e/0 &%04= "*.3le e.issi*+s .*del0

a; 8ei+iti*+ * ter.s0 F*r t2e 3ur3*ses * t2is se/ti*+, t2e*ll*i+g dei+iti*+s s2all a33ly:

Target uelT2e uel 2i/2 is bei+g e-aluated *r its e.issi*+s3er*r.a+/e usi+g t2e /*.3le .*del

O$Oyge+ /*+te+t * t2e target uel i+ ter.s * eig2t 3er/e+t''ulur /*+te+t * t2e target uel i+ ter.s * 3arts 3er .illi*+ byeig2t

RV!Reid Va3*r !ressure * t2e target uel i+ ter.s * 3*u+ds 3ers5uare i+/2

E@%%@%% deg0F distillati*+ ra/ti*+ * t2e target uel i+ ter.s *-*lu.e 3er/e+t

EC%%C%% deg0F distillati*+ ra/ti*+ * t2e target uel i+ ter.s *-*lu.e 3er/e+t

AROAr*.ati/s /*+te+t * t2e target uel i+ ter.s * -*lu.e 3er/e+tENe+7e+e /*+te+t * t2e target uel i+ ter.s * -*lu.e 3er/e+tOEOlei+s /*+te+t * t2e target uel i+ ter.s * -*lu.e 3er/e+tMTMet2yl tertiary butyl et2er /*+te+t * t2e target uel i+ ter.s *eig2t 3er/e+t *yge+

ETEt2yl tertiary butyl et2er /*+te+t * t2e target uel i+ ter.s *eig2t 3er/e+t *yge+

TAMTertiary a.yl .et2yl et2er /*+te+t * t2e target uel i+ ter.s *eig2t 3er/e+t *yge+

ETDEt2a+*l /*+te+t * t2e target uel i+ ter.s * eig2t 3er/e+t*yge+

e3T2e u+/ti*+ t2at raises t2e +u.ber e t2e base * t2e +aturall*garit2.; t* t2e 3*er i+ its d*.ai+

!2ase IT2e years 199=(1999



!2ase II$ear @%%% a+d bey*+d

b; Beig2ti+gs a+d baseli+es *r t2e /*.3le .*del0 1; T2eeig2ti+gs *r +*r.al a+d 2ig2er e.itters JINFK1 a+d JINFK@,res3e/ti-ely; gi-e+ i+ Table 1 s2all be used t* /al/ulate t2e e2aust

e.issi*+ 3er*r.a+/e * a+y uel *r t2e a33r*3riate 3*lluta+t a+d!2ase:

Table 10((N*r.al a+d Dig2er E.itter Beig2ti+gs *r E2aust E.issi*+s

!2ase I !2ase II(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((

VO" U VO" Ut*i/s NOJINFK t*i/s NOJINFK

N*r.al E.itters JINFK1;0000000000000000 %0=@ %0&@ %0444 %0)C&Dig2er E.itters JINFK@;0000000000000000 %04& %01& %0==6 %0@6@

@; T2e *ll*i+g 3r*3erties * t2e baseli+e uels s2all be used2e+ deter.i+i+g baseli+e .ass e.issi*+s * t2e -ari*us 3*lluta+ts:

Table @0(('u..er a+d Bi+ter aseli+e Fuel !r*3erties

Fuel 3r*3erty 'u..er Bi+ter

Oyge+ t ;0000000000000000000000000000000000000 %0% %0%'ulur 33.;00000000000000000000000000000000000000 CC9 CC&RV! 3si;00000000000000000000000000000000000000000 &0) 110=E@%% ;000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 410% =%0%EC%% ;000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 &C0% &C0%

Ar*.ati/s -*l ;000000000000000000000000000000000 C@0% @604Olei+s -*l ;00000000000000000000000000000000000 90@ 1109

enene 9vol ;......................... 1.& 1.63

C; T2e baseli+e .ass e.issi*+s *r VO", NOJINFK a+d t*i/s gi-e+i+ Tables C, 4 a+d = * t2is 3aragra32 b;C; s2all be used i+



/*+u+/ti*+ it2 t2e /*.3le .*del duri+g t2e a33r*3riate !2ase a+dseas*+:

Table C0((aseli+e E2aust E.issi*+s

!2ase I !2ase II(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((

E2aust 3*lluta+t 'u..er Bi+ter 'u..er.gL.ile; .gL.ile; .gL.ile; Bi+ter

.gL.ile;

VO"0000000000000000000000000 446 66% 9%) 1C41NOJINFK0000000000000000000000000 66% )=% 1C4% 1=4%e+7e+e000000000000000000000 @601% C)0=) =C0=4 ))06@

A/etalde2yde0000000000000000 @019 C0=) 4044 )0@=F*r.alde2yde0000000000000000 40&= )0)C 90)% 1=0C41,C(utadie+e000000000000000 40C1 )0@) 90C& 1=0&4

M................ 1.&5 %.%1 .53 3.&5

Table 40((aseli+e N*+(E2aust E.issi*+s 'u..er O+ly;

!2ase I !2ase II(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((

N*+(e2aust 3*lluta+t Regi*+ 1 Regi*+ @ Regi*+ 1.gL.ile; .gL.ile; .gL.ile; Regi*+ @

.gL.ile;

VO"0000000000000000000000000 &6%04& )6901% ==90C1 49@0%)

enene.............. 4.66 8.6 6.%3 &.&5

Table =0((T*tal aseli+e VO", NOJINFK a+d T*i/sE.issi*+s



'u..er .gL.ile;Bi+ter .gL.ile;

((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( !*lluta+t !2ase I !2ase II !2ase I!2ase II ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( Regi*+ 1 Regi*+ @ Regi*+ 1 Regi*+ @ Regi*+ 1Regi*+ @ Regi*+ 1 Regi*+ @

NOJINFK000000000000000000000000000000000 66%0% 66%0% 1C4%0% 1C4%0% )=%0%)=%0% 1=4%0% 1=4%0%VO"000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 1C%60= 1@1=01 14660C 1C9901 66%0%66%0% 1C410% 1C410%

To<i!s............................ 38.61 37.&8 86.3 8&.61 &8.6 &8.6 1%5.&&1%5.&&

/; VO" 3er*r.a+/e0 1; T2e e2aust VO" e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e *gas*li+es s2all be gi-e+ by t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+s:

VO"EVO"b;QVO"b; $JINFK-*/t;L1%%;$JINFK-*/t;[JINFK1 NJINFK-;QJINFK@ DJINFK-;(1] 1%%

2ere

VO"EE2aust VO" e.issi*+s i+ .illigra.sL.ile$JINFK-*/t;E2aust VO" 3er*r.a+/e * t2e target uel i+ ter.s *3er/e+tage /2a+ge r*. baseli+e

VO"b;aseli+e e2aust VO" e.issi*+s as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32 b;@; *t2is se/ti*+ *r t2e a33r*3riate !2ase a+d seas*+NJINFK-[e3 -JINFK1t;]L[e3 -JINFK1b;]DJINFK-[e3 -JINFK@t;]L[e3 -JINFK@b;]JINFK1Beig2ti+g a/t*r *r +*r.al e.itters as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32b;1; * t2is se/ti*+ *r t2e a33r*3riate !2aseJINFK@Beig2ti+g a/t*r *r 2ig2er e.itters as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32b;1; * t2is se/ti*+ *r t2e a33r*3riate !2ase-JINFK1t;N*r.al e.itter VO" e5uati*+ as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32



/;1;i; * t2is se/ti*+, e-aluated usi+g t2e target uel?s 3r*3ertiessube/t t* 3aragra32s /;1; iii; a+d i-; * t2is se/ti*+-JINFK@t;Dig2er e.itter VO" e5uati*+ as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32/;1;ii; * t2is se/ti*+, e-aluated usi+g t2e target uel?s3r*3erties sube/t t* 3aragra32s /;1; iii; a+d i-; * t2is se/ti*+

-JINFK1b;N*r.al e.itter VO" e5uati*+ as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32/;1;i; * t2is se/ti*+, e-aluated usi+g t2e base uel?s 3r*3erties-JINFK@b;Dig2er e.itter VO" e5uati*+ as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32/;1;ii; * t2is se/ti*+, e-aluated usi+g t2e base uel?s 3r*3erties

i; "*+s*lidated VO" e5uati*+ *r +*r.al e.itters0

-JINFK1(%0%%C641 O$;Q%0%%%=@19 ';Q%0%@&9)49 RV!;Q(%0%144)% E@%%;Q(%0%6&6@4 EC%%;Q%0%C@C)1@ ARO;Q(%0%%@&=& OE;Q%0%%%1%)@ E@%%@;Q%0%%%4%&) EC%%@;Q(%0%%%C4&1 ARO EC%%;

ii; VO" e5uati*+ *r 2ig2er e.itters0

-JINFK@(%0%%C6@6 O$;Q(=04%1%(P=P ';Q%0%4C@9= RV!;Q(%0%1C=%4 E@%%;Q(%0%6@C@) EC%%;Q%0%@&@%4@ ARO;Q(%0%%@&=& OE;Q%0%%%1%6 E@%%P@P;Q%0%%%4%& EC%%P@P;Q(%0%%%@&) ARO EC%%;

iii; Flat li+e etra3*lati*+s0 A; 8uri+g !2ase I, uels it2 E@%%-alues greater t2a+ 6=0&C 3er/e+t s2all be e-aluated it2 t2e E@%% uel3ara.eter set e5ual t* 6=0&C 3er/e+t 2e+ /al/ulati+g $JINFK-*/t; a+dVO"E usi+g t2e e5uati*+s des/ribed i+ 3aragra32s /;1; i; a+d ii; *t2is se/ti*+0 Fuels it2 EC%% -alues greater t2a+ EC%%S /al/ulatedusi+g t2e e5uati*+ EC%%S&%0C@Q[%0C9% ARO]; s2all be e-aluated it2t2e EC%% 3ara.eter set e5ual t* EC%%S 2e+ /al/ulati+g VO"E usi+g t2ee5uati*+s des/ribed i+ 3aragra32s /;1; i; a+d ii; * t2is se/ti*+0F*r EC%%S -alues greater t2a+ 94, t2e li+early etra3*lated .*del3rese+ted i+ 3aragra32 /;1;i-; * t2is se/ti*+ s2all be used0 ; 8uri+g !2ase II, uels it2 E@%% -alues greater t2a+ 6=0=@3er/e+t s2all be e-aluated it2 t2e E@%% uel 3ara.eter set e5ual t*6=0=@ 3er/e+t 2e+ /al/ulati+g VO"E usi+g t2e e5uati*+s des/ribed i+3aragra32s /;1; i; a+d ii; * t2is se/ti*+0 Fuels it2 EC%% -aluesgreater t2a+ EC%%S /al/ulated usi+g t2e e5uati*+ EC%%S)90)=Q[%0C&= ARO]; s2all be e-aluated it2 t2e EC%% 3ara.eter set e5ual t* EC%%S2e+ /al/ulati+g VO"E usi+g t2e e5uati*+s des/ribed i+ 3aragra32s/;1; i; a+d ii; * t2is se/ti*+0 F*r EC%%S -alues greater t2a+ 94,t2e li+early etra3*lated .*del 3rese+ted i+ 3aragra32 /;1;i-; *t2is se/ti*+ s2all be used0

i-; i+ear etra3*lati*+s0 A; T2e e5uati*+s i+ 3aragra32s /;1;i; a+d ii; * t2is se/ti*+ s2all be used it2i+ t2e all*able ra+ge* EC%%, E@%%, a+d ARO *r t2e a33r*3riate !2ase, as dei+ed i+ Table



6:

Table 60((All*able Ra+ges * E@%%, EC%%, a+d ARO *r t2e E2aust VO"E5uati*+s i+ !aragra32s /;1;i; a+d ii; * T2is 'e/ti*+

!2ase I !2ase II(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((

Fuel 3ara.eter *er Dig2er *er Dig2erli.it li.it li.it li.it

E@%%00000000000000000000000000 CC0%% 6=0&C CC0%% 6=0=@EC%%00000000000000000000000000 )@0%% P1PVariabl

e )@0%% P@PVariabl e

ARO000000000000000000000000000 1&0%% 460%% 1&0%% 460%%

P1PDig2er EC%% i.it&%0C@Q[%0C9% ARO;]0P@PDig2er EC%% i.it)90)=Q[%0C&= ARO;]0

; F*r uels it2 E@%%, EC%% a+d ARO le-els *utside t2e ra+gesdei+ed i+ Table 6, $JINFK-*/t; s2all be dei+ed as:

F*r !2ase I:

$JINFK-*/t;1%% %0=@ [e3-JINFK1et;; Le3-JINFK1b;;(1]Q1%% %04& [e3-JINFK@et;; Le3-JINFK@b;;(1]Q[1%% %0=@ e3-JINFK1et;; Le3-JINFK1b;;] [[%0%%%@144 E@%%JINFKet; (%0%144)%] Jgree(8KE@%%WQ[%0%%%&1)4 EC%%JINFKet; (%0%6&6@4(%0%%%C4& AROJINFKet;] Jgree(8KEC%%WQ[(%0%%%C4& EC%%JINFKet;Q%0%C@C)1@] Jgree(8KAROW]W Q[1%% %04& e3-JINFK@et;; Le3-JINFK@b;;] [[%0%%%@1@ E@%%JINFKet;(%0%1C=%] Jgree(8KE@%%W Q[%0%%%&16 EC%%JINFKet;(%0%6@CC(%0%%%@9 AROJINFKet;] Jgree(8KEC%%WQ[(%0%%%@9 EC%%JINFKet; Q%0%@&@%4] Jgree(8KAROW]W

F*r !2ase II:

$JINFK-*/t;1%% %0444 [e3-JINFK1et;; Le3-JINFK1b;;(1]Q1%% %0==6 [e3-JINFK@et;; Le3-JINFK@b;;(1]



Q[1%% %0444 e3-JINFK1et;; Le3-JINFK1b;;] [[%0%%%@144 E@%%JINFKet; %0%144)%] Jgree(8KE@%%WQ[%0%%%&1)4 EC%%JINFKet; (%0%6&6@4(%0%%%C4& AROJINFKet;] Jgree(8KEC%%WQ[(%0%%%C4& EC%%JINFKet;Q%0%C@C)1@] Jgree(8KAROW]W Q[1%% %0==6 e3-JINFK@et;; L

e3-JINFK@b;;] [[%0%%%@1@ E@%%JINFKet;(%0%1C=%] Jgree(8KE@%%WQ [%0%%%&16 EC%%JINFKet;(%0%6@CC(%0%%%@9 AROJINFKet;] Jgree(8KEC%%WQ[(%0%%%@9 EC%%JINFKet; Q%0%@&@%4] Jgree(8KAROW]W

2ere

-JINFK1, -JINFK@T2e e5uati*+s dei+ed i+ 3aragra32s /;1; i; a+dii; * t2is se/ti*+

et"*lle/ti*+ * uel 3ara.eters *r t2e >>edge target?? uel0 T2ese3ara.eters are dei+ed i+ 3aragra32s /;1;i-;"; a+d 8; * t2is

se/ti*+

-JINFK1et;T2e u+/ti*+ -JINFK1 e-aluated it2 >>edge target?? uel3ara.eters, 2i/2 are dei+ed i+ 3aragra32s /;1;i-;"; a+d 8; *t2is se/ti*+

-JINFK@et;T2e u+/ti*+ -JINFK@ e-aluated it2 >>edge target?? uel3ara.eters, 2i/2 are dei+ed i+ 3aragra32s /;1;i-;"; a+d 8; *t2is se/ti*+

-JINFK1b;T2e u+/ti*+ -JINFK1 e-aluated it2 t2e a33r*3riate baseli+euel dei+ed i+ 3aragra32 b;@; * t2is se/ti*+-JINFK@b;T2e u+/ti*+ -JINFK@ e-aluated it2 t2e a33r*3riate baseli+euel dei+ed i+ 3aragra32 b;@; * t2is se/ti*+E@%%JINFKetT2e -alue * E@%% *r t2e >>edge target?? uel, as dei+edi+ 3aragra32s /;1;i-;"; a+d 8; * t2is se/ti*+EC%%JINFKetT2e -alue * EC%% *r t2e >>edge target?? uel, as dei+edi+ 3aragra32s /;1;i-;"; a+d 8; * t2is se/ti*+

AROJINFKetT2e -alue * ARO *r t2e >>edge target?? uel, as dei+ed i+3aragra32s /;1;i-;"; a+d 8; * t2is se/ti*+0

"; 8uri+g !2ase I, t2e >>edge target?? uel s2all be ide+ti/al t*t2e target uel *r all uel 3ara.eters, it2 t2e *ll*i+g e/e3ti*+s: 1; I t2e E@%% le-el * t2e target uel is less t2a+ CC -*lu.e3er/e+t, t2e+ t2e E@%% -alue *r t2e >>edge target?? uel s2all be sete5ual t* CC -*lu.e 3er/e+t0 @; I t2e ar*.ati/s le-el * t2e target uel is less t2a+ 1&-*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+ t2e ARO -alue *r t2e >>edge target?? uel s2allbe set e5ual t* 1& -*lu.e 3er/e+t0



C; I t2e ar*.ati/s le-el * t2e target uel is greater t2a+ 46-*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+ t2e ARO -alue *r t2e >>edge target?? uel s2allbe set e5ual t* 46 -*lu.e 3er/e+t0 4; I t2e EC%% le-el * t2e target uel is less t2a+ )@ -*lu.e3er/e+t, t2e+ t2e EC%% -alue *r t2e >>edge target?? uel s2all be set

e5ual t* )@ -*lu.e 3er/e+t0 =; I t2e EC%% le-el * t2e target uel is greater t2a+ 9= -*lu.e3er/e+t, t2e+ t2e EC%% -alue *r t2e >>edge target?? uel s2all be sete5ual t* 9= -*lu.e 3er/e+t0 6; I [&%0C@Q%0C9% ARO;] e/eeds 94 *r t2e target uel, t2e+t2e EC%% -alue *r t2e >>edge target?? uel s2all be set e5ual t* 94-*lu.e 3er/e+t0 ); I t2e E@%% le-el * t2e target uel is less t2a+ CC -*lu.e3er/e+t, t2e+ Jgree(8KE@%% s2all be set e5ual t* E@%%(CC -*lu.e3er/e+t;0 &; I t2e E@%% le-el * t2e target uel e5uals *r e/eeds CC-*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+ Jgree(8KE@%% s2all be set e5ual t* 7er*0 9; I t2e ar*.ati/s le-el * t2e target uel is less t2a+ 1&-*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+ Jgree(8KARO s2all be set e5ual t* ARO(1& -*lu.e3er/e+t;0 I t2e ar*.ati/s le-el * t2e target uel is less t2a+ 1%-*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+ Jgree(8KARO s2all be set e5ual t* & -*lu.e3er/e+t0 1%; I t2e ar*.ati/s le-el * t2e target uel is greater t2a+ 46-*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+ Jgree(8KARO s2all be set e5ual t* ARO(46 -*lu.e3er/e+t;0 11; I +eit2er * t2e /*+diti*+s establis2ed i+ 3aragra32s/;1;i-;";&; a+d 9; * t2is se/ti*+ are .et, t2e+ Jgree(8KAROs2all be set e5ual t* 7er*0 1@; I t2e EC%% le-el * t2e target uel is less t2a+ )@ -*lu.e3er/e+t, t2e+ EC%% s2all be set e5ual t* EC%%()@ -*lu.e 3er/e+t;0 1C; I t2e EC%% le-el * t2e target uel is less t2a+ 94 -*lu.e3er/e+t a+d [&%0C@Q%0C9% ARO;] als* is greater t2a+ 94, t2e+Jgree(8KEC%% s2all be set e5ual t* EC%%(94 -*lu.e 3er/e+t;0 I t2eEC%% le-el * t2e target uel is greater t2a+ 9= -*lu.e 3er/e+t a+d[&%0C@Q%0C9% ARO;] als* is greater t2a+ 94, t2e+ Jgree(8KEC%% s2allbe set e5ual t* 1 -*lu.e 3er/e+t0 14; I +eit2er * t2e /*+diti*+s establis2ed i+ 3aragra32s/;1;i-;";11; a+d 1@; * t2is se/ti*+ are .et, t2e+ Jgree(8KEC%%s2all be set e5ual t* 7er*0

8; 8uri+g !2ase II, t2e >>edge target?? uel is ide+ti/al t* t2etarget uel *r all uel 3ara.eters, it2 t2e *ll*i+g e/e3ti*+s: 1; I t2e E@%% le-el * t2e target uel is less t2a+ CC -*lu.e3er/e+t, t2e+ t2e E@%% -alue *r t2e >>edge target?? uel s2all be sete5ual t* CC -*lu.e 3er/e+t0 @; I t2e ar*.ati/s le-el * t2e target uel is less t2a+ 1&-*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+ t2e ARO -alue *r t2e >>edge target?? uel s2all



be set e5ual t* 1& -*lu.e 3er/e+t0 C; I t2e ar*.ati/s le-el * t2e target uel is greater t2a+ 46-*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+ t2e ARO -alue *r t2e >>edge target?? uel s2allbe set e5ual t* 46 -*lu.e 3er/e+t0 4; I t2e EC%% le-el * t2e target uel is less t2a+ )@ -*lu.e

3er/e+t, t2e+ t2e EC%% -alue *r t2e >>edge target?? uel s2all be sete5ual t* )@ -*lu.e 3er/e+t0 =; I t2e EC%% le-el * t2e target uel is greater t2a+ 9= -*lu.e3er/e+t, t2e+ t2e EC%% -alue *r t2e >>edge target?? uel s2all be sete5ual t* 9= -*lu.e 3er/e+t0 6; I [)90)=Q%0C&= ARO;] e/eeds 94 *r t2e target uel, t2e+t2e EC%% -alue *r t2e >>edge target?? uel s2all be set e5ual t* 94-*lu.e 3er/e+t0 ); I t2e E@%% le-el * t2e target uel is less t2a+ CC -*lu.e3er/e+t, t2e+ Jgree(8KE@%% s2all be set e5ual t* E@%%(CC -*lu.e3er/e+t;0 &; I t2e E@%% le-el * t2e target uel e5uals *r e/eeds CC-*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+ Jgree(8KE@%% s2all be set e5ual t* 7er*0 9; I t2e ar*.ati/s le-el * t2e target uel is less t2a+ 1&-*lu.e 3er/e+t a+d greater t2a+ *r e5ual t* 1% -*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+Jgree(8KARO s2all be set e5ual t* ARO(1& -*lu.e 3er/e+t;0 I t2ear*.ati/s le-el * t2e target uel is less t2a+ 1% -*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+Jgree(8KARO s2all be set e5ual t* & -*lu.e 3er/e+t0 1%; I t2e ar*.ati/s le-el * t2e target uel is greater t2a+ 46-*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+ Jgree(8KARO s2all be set e5ual t* ARO(46 -*lu.e3er/e+t;0 11; I +eit2er * t2e /*+diti*+s establis2ed i+ 3aragra32s/;1;i-;8;&; a+d 9; * t2is se/ti*+ are .et, t2e+ Jgree(8KAROs2all be set e5ual t* 7er*0 1@; I t2e EC%% le-el * t2e target uel is less t2a+ )@ -*lu.e3er/e+t, t2e+ Jgree(8KEC%% s2all be set e5ual t* EC%?%()@ -*lu.e3er/e+t;0 1C; I t2e EC%% le-el * t2e target uel is less t2a+ 94 -*lu.e3er/e+t a+d [)90)=Q%0C&= ARO;] als* is greater t2a+ 94, t2e+Jgree(8KEC%% s2all be set e5ual t* EC%%(94 -*lu.e 3er/e+t;0 I t2eEC%% le-el * t2e target uel is greater t2a+ 9= -*lu.e 3er/e+t a+d[)90)=Q%0C&= ARO;] als* is greater t2a+ 94, t2e+ Jgree(8KEC%% s2allbe set e5ual t* 1 -*lu.e 3er/e+t0 14; I +eit2er * t2e /*+diti*+s establis2ed i+ 3aragra32s/;1;i-;8;11; a+d 1@; * t2is se/ti*+ are .et, t2e+ Jgree(8KEC%%s2all be set e5ual t* 7er*0 @; T2e i+ter e2aust VO" e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * gas*li+es s2allbe gi-e+ by t2e e5uati*+s 3rese+ted i+ 3aragra32 /;1; * t2is se/ti*+it2 t2e RV! -alue set t* &0) 3si *r b*t2 t2e baseli+e a+d target

uels0



C; T2e +*+e2aust VO" e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * gas*li+es i+ VO""*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 s2all be gi-e+ by t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+s, 2ere:

VO"NE1T*tal +*+e2aust e.issi*+s * -*latile *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds i+ VO""*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 i+ gra.s 3er .ile

VO"8I18iur+al e.issi*+s * -*latile *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds i+ VO" "*+tr*lRegi*+ 1 i+ gra.s 3er .ile

VO"D'1D*t s*a e.issi*+s * -*latile *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds i+ VO" "*+tr*lRegi*+ 1 i+ gra.s 3er .ile

VO"R1Ru++i+g l*ss e.issi*+s * -*latile *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds i+ VO""*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 i+ gra.s 3er .ile

VO"RF1Reueli+g e.issi*+s * -*latile *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds i+ VO" "*+tr*lRegi*+ 1 i+ gra.s 3er .ile

i; 8uri+g !2ase I:

VO"NE1VO"8I1QVO"D'1Q VO"R1QVO"RF1

VO"8I1[%0%%)C6 RV!P@P;]([%0%)9% RV!]Q%0@==CVO"D'1[%0%1==) RV!P@P;]([%016)1 RV!]Q%0=C99VO"R1[%0%%@)9 RV!P@P;]([%01%96 RV!](%0)C4%VO"RF1[%0%%666& RV!](%0%1&%

ii; 8uri+g !2ase II:

VO"NE1VO"8I1QVO"D'1Q VO"R1QVO"RF1

VO"8I1[%0%%)C&= RV!P@P;]([%0%&9&1 RV!]Q%0C1=&VO"D'1[%0%%66=4 RV!P@P;]([%0%&%%9 RV!]Q%0@&46VO"R1[%0%1))6& RV!P@P;]([%01&)46 RV!]Q%06146VO"RF1[%0%%%4)6) RV!]Q%0%11&=9

4; T2e +*+e2aust VO" e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * gas*li+es i+ VO""*+tr*l Regi*+ @ s2all be gi-e+ by t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+s, 2ere:

VO"NE@T*tal +*+e2aust e.issi*+s * -*latile *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds i+ VO""*+tr*l Regi*+ @ i+ gra.s 3er .ile

VO"8I@8iur+al e.issi*+s * -*latile *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds i+ VO" "*+tr*lRegi*+ @ i+ gra.s 3er .ile

VO"D'@D*t s*a e.issi*+s * -*latile *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds i+ VO" "*+tr*lRegi*+ @ i+ gra.s 3er .ile



VO"R@Ru++i+g l*ss e.issi*+s * -*latile *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds i+ VO""*+tr*l Regi*+ @ i+ gra.s 3er .ile

VO"RF@Reueli+g e.issi*+s * -*latile *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds i+ VO" "*+tr*l

Regi*+ @ i+ gra.s 3er .ile

i; 8uri+g !2ase I:

VO"NE@VO"8I@QVO"D'@ QVO"R@QVO"RF@

VO"8I@[%0%%6&1& RV!P@P;]([%0%)6&@ RV!]Q%0@61%VO"D'@[%0%144@1 RV!P@P;]([%016@4& RV!]Q%0==@%VO"R@[%0%16@== RV!P@P;]([%01C%6 RV!]Q%0@96CVO"RF@[%0%%666& RV!](%0%1&%

ii; 8uri+g !2ase II:

VO"NE@VO"8I@QVO"D'@Q VO"R@QVO"RF@

VO"8I@[%0%%4))= RV!P@P;]([%0%=&)@ RV!]Q%0@1C%6VO"D'@[%0%%6%)& RV!P@P;]([%0%)4)4 RV!]Q%0@)11)VO"R@[%0%16169 RV!P@P;]J3lus(.i+usK[%01)@%6 RV!]Q%0=6)@4VO"RF@[%0%%4)6) RV!]Q%0%11&=9

=; Bi+ter VO" e.issi*+s s2all be gi-e+ by VO"E, as dei+ed i+3aragra32 /;@; * t2is se/ti*+, usi+g t2e a33r*3riate baseli+ee.issi*+s gi-e+ i+ 3aragra32 b;C; * t2is se/ti*+0 T*tal +*+e2austVO" e.issi*+s s2all be set e5ual t* 7er* u+der i+ter /*+diti*+s0 6; T*tal VO" e.issi*+s0 i; T*tal su..er VO" e.issi*+s s2all begi-e+ by t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+s:

VO"'1VO"EL1%%%;QVO"NE1

VO"'@VO"EL1%%%;QVO"NE@

VO"'1T*tal su..er VO" e.issi*+s i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 i+ ter.s *gra.s 3er .ile

VO"'@T*tal su..er VO" e.issi*+s i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ @ i+ ter.s *gra.s 3er .ile

ii; T*tal i+ter VO" e.issi*+s s2all be gi-e+ by t2e *ll*i+ge5uati*+s:

VO"BVO"EL1%%%;



VO"BT*tal i+ter VO" e.issi*+s i+ ter.s * gra.s 3er .ile

); !2ase I t*tal VO" e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e0 i; T2e t*tal su..erVO" e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * t2e target uel i+ 3er/e+tage ter.s r*.baseli+e le-els s2all be gi-e+ by t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+s duri+g !2ase

I:

VO"'1[1%% VO"'1(10C%6 gL.i;]L10C%6 gL.i;VO"'@[1%% VO"'@(10@1= gL.i;]L10@1= gL.i;VO"1!er/e+tage /2a+ge i+ VO" e.issi*+s r*. baseli+e le-els i+ VO""*+tr*l Regi*+ 1

VO"@!er/e+tage /2a+ge i+ VO" e.issi*+s r*. baseli+e le-els i+ VO""*+tr*l Regi*+ @

ii; T2e t*tal i+ter VO" e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * t2e target ueli+ 3er/e+tage ter.s r*. baseli+e le-els s2all be gi-e+ by t2e*ll*i+g e5uati*+s duri+g !2ase I:

VO"B[1%% VO"B(%066% gL.i;]L%066% gL.i;VO"B!er/e+tage /2a+ge i+ i+ter VO" e.issi*+s r*. baseli+e le-els

&; !2ase II t*tal VO" e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e0 i; T2e t*tal su..erVO" e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * t2e target uel i+ 3er/e+tage ter.s r*.baseli+e le-els s2all be gi-e+ by t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+s duri+g !2aseII:

VO"'1[1%% VO"'1(10466C gL.i;]L10466C gL.i;VO"'@[1%% VO"'@(10C991 gL.i;]L10C991 gL.i;

ii; T2e t*tal i+ter VO" e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * t2e target ueli+ 3er/e+tage ter.s r*. baseli+e le-els s2all be gi-e+ by t2e*ll*i+g e5uati*+ duri+g !2ase II:

VO"B[1%% VO"(10C41 gL.i;]L10C41 gL.i;

*r

d; NOJINFK 3er*r.a+/e0 1; T2e su..er NOJINFK e.issi*+s3er*r.a+/e * gas*li+es s2all be gi-e+ by t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+s:

NOJINFKNOJINFKb;Q[NOJINFKb; $t;L1%%]$JINFKNOt;[JINFK1 NJINFK+;QJINFK@ DJINFK+;(1] 1%%

2ere

NOJINFKNOJINFK e.issi*+s i+ .illigra.sL.ile



$JINFKNOt;NOJINFK 3er*r.a+/e * target uel i+ ter.s * 3er/e+tage/2a+ge r*. baseli+e

NOJINFKb;aseli+e NOJINFK e.issi*+s as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32 b;@;* t2is se/ti*+ *r t2e a33r*3riate 32ase a+d seas*+

NJINFK+e3 +JINFK1t;Le3 +JINFK1b;DJINFK+e3 +JINFK@t;Le3 +JINFK@b;JINFK1Beig2ti+g a/t*r *r +*r.al e.itters as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32b;1; * t2is se/ti*+ *r t2e a33r*3riate !2aseJINFK@Beig2ti+g a/t*r *r 2ig2er e.itters as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32b;1; * t2is se/ti*+ *r t2e a33r*3riate !2ase+JINFK1t;N*r.al e.itter NOJINFK e5uati*+ as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32d;1;i; * t2is se/ti*+, e-aluated usi+g t2e target uel?s 3r*3ertiessube/t t* 3aragra32s d;1;iii; a+d i-; * t2is se/ti*++JINFK@t;Dig2er e.itter NOJINFK e5uati*+ as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32d;1;ii; * t2is se/ti*+, e-aluated usi+g t2e target uel?s3r*3erties sube/t t* 3aragra32s d;1;iii; a+d i-; * t2is se/ti*++JINFK1b;N*r.al e.itter NOJINFK e5uati*+ as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32d;1;i; * t2is se/ti*+, e-aluated usi+g t2e base uel?s 3r*3erties+JINFK@b;Dig2er e.itter NOJINFK e5uati*+ as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32d;1;ii; * t2is se/ti*+, e-aluated usi+g t2e base uel?s 3r*3erties

i; "*+s*lidated e5uati*+ *r +*r.al e.itters0

+JINFK1%0%%1&=)1 O$;Q

%0%%%69@1 '; Q%0%%9%)44 RV!;Q %0%%%9C1% E@%%;Q %0%%%&46% EC%%;Q %0%%&C6C@ ARO;Q (%0%%@))4 OE;Q (606C1%J'!K() 'P@P;Q (%0%%%119 AROP@P;Q %0%%%C66= OEP@P; ii; E5uati*+ *r 2ig2er e.itters0+JINFK@(%0%%91C O$;Q %0%%%@=@ ';Q (%0%1C9) RV!; Q%0%%%9C1 E@%%;Q (%0%%4%1 EC%%;Q %0%%)%9) ARO; Q(%0%%@)6 OE; Q%0%%%C66= OEP@P;Q ()099=1%J'!K(= AROP@P; iii; Flat li+e etra3*lati*+s0 A; 8uri+g !2ase I, uels it2*lei+ le-els less t2a+ C0)) -*lu.e 3er/e+t s2all be e-aluated it2 t2e



OE uel 3ara.eter set e5ual t* C0)) -*lu.e 3er/e+t 2e+ /al/ulati+gNOJINFK 3er*r.a+/e usi+g t2e e5uati*+s des/ribed i+ 3aragra32sd;1;i; a+d ii; * t2is se/ti*+0 Fuels it2 ar*.ati/s le-els greatert2a+ C60@ -*lu.e 3er/e+t s2all be e-aluated it2 t2e ARO uel 3ara.eterset e5ual t* C60@ -*lu.e 3er/e+t 2e+ /al/ulati+g NOJINFK 3er*r.a+/e

usi+g t2e e5uati*+s des/ribed i+ 3aragra32s d;1;i; a+d ii; * t2isse/ti*+0

; 8uri+g !2ase II, uels it2 *lei+ le-els less t2a+ C0)) -*lu.e3er/e+t s2all be e-aluated it2 t2e OE uel 3ara.eter set e5ual t*C0)) -*lu.e 3er/e+t 2e+ /al/ulati+g NOJINFK 3er*r.a+/e usi+g t2ee5uati*+s des/ribed i+ 3aragra32s d;1;i; a+d ii; * t2is se/ti*+0Fuels it2 ar*.ati/s le-els greater t2a+ C60& -*lu.e 3er/e+t s2all bee-aluated it2 t2e ARO uel 3ara.eter set e5ual t* C60& -*lu.e 3er/e+t2e+ /al/ulati+g NOJINFK 3er*r.a+/e usi+g t2e e5uati*+s des/ribed i+3aragra32s d;1;i; a+d ii; * t2is se/ti*+0 i-; i+ear etra3*lati*+s0 A; T2e e5uati*+s i+ 3aragra32sd;1;i; a+d ii; * t2is se/ti*+ s2all be used it2i+ t2e all*ablera+ge * ', EC%%, OE, a+d ARO *r t2e a33r*3riate !2ase, as dei+edi+ t2e *ll*i+g Table ):

Table )0((All*able Ra+ges * ', OE, a+d ARO *r t2e NOJINFK E5uati*+s i+ !aragra32s d;1;i; a+d ii; * T2is 'e/ti*+

!2ase I !2ase II

Fuel 3ara.eter ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( * e+d Dig2 e+d * e+d Dig2 e+d

'0000000000000000000000000 1%0% 4=%0% 1%0% 4=%0%EC%%000000000000000000000000 )%0% 9=0% )%0% 9=0%OE0000000000000000000000000 C0)) 190% C0)) 190%

ARO0000000000000000000000000 1&0% C60@ 1&0% C60&

; F*r uels it2 ', EC%%, OE a+d ARO le-els *utside t2e ra+gesdei+ed i+ Table ) * 3aragra32 d;1;i-;A; * t2is se/ti*+,$JINFKNOt; s2all be dei+ed as:

F*r !2ase I:

$JINFKNOt; 1%% %0&@ [e3+JINFK1et;; L e3+JINFK1b;; (



10 Q 1%% %01& [e3+JINFK@et; L e3+JINFK@b;; ( 1] Q [1%%@0 %0&@ [e3+JINFK1et;; L e3+JINFK1b;;] [[(%0%%%%%1CCC0 'JINFKet; Q %0%%%69@] Jgree(8K'W Q [(%0%%%@C& 40 AROJINFKet; Q %0%%&C6C@] Jgree(8KAROW Q [%0%%%)CC =0 OEJINFKet; ( %0%%@))4] Jgree(8KOEW]W Q [1%% %01&

60 [e3+JINFK@et;; L e3+JINFK@b;;] [[(%0%%%1=99 AROJINFKet;)0 Q %0%%)%9)] Jgree(8KAROW Q [%0%%%)C@ OEJINFKet; ( %0%%@)6]&0 Jgree(8KOEW]W90

F*r !2ase II:

$JINFKNOt; 1%% %0)C& [e3+JINFK1et;; L e3+JINFK1b;; (

10 Q 1%% %0@6@ [e3+JINFK@et; L e3+JINFK@b;; ( 1] Q

@0 [1%% %0)C& [e3+JINFK1et;; L e3+JINFK1b;;] C0 [[(%0%%%%%1CC 'JINFKet; Q %0%%%69@] Jgree(8K'W Q40 [(%0%%%@C& AROJINFKet; Q %0%%&C6C@] Jgree(8KAROW Q=0 [%0%%%)CC OEJINFKet; ( %0%%@))4] Jgree(8KOEW]W Q [1%%60 %0@6@ [e3+JINFK@et;; L e3+JINFK@b;;] [[(%0%%%1=99)0 AROJINFKet; Q %0%%)%9)] Jgree(8KAROW Q [%0%%%)C@ &0 OEJINFKet; ( %0%%@)6] Jgree(8KOEW]W90

2ere

+JINFK1, +JINFK@T2e e5uati*+s dei+ed i+ 3aragra32s d;1; i; a+dii; * t2is se/ti*+0

et"*lle/ti*+ * uel 3ara.eters *r t2e >>edge target?? uel0 T2ese3ara.eters are dei+ed i+ 3aragra32s d;1;i-; "; a+d 8; * t2isse/ti*+0

+JINFK1et;T2e u+/ti*+ +JINFK1 e-aluated it2 >>edge target?? uel3ara.eters, 2i/2 are dei+ed i+ 3aragra32 d;1;i-;"; * t2isse/ti*+0

+JINFK@et;T2e u+/ti*+ +JINFK@ e-aluated it2 >>edge target?? uel3ara.eters, 2i/2 are dei+ed i+ 3aragra32 d;1;i-;"; * t2isse/ti*+0

+JINFK1b;T2e u+/ti*+ +JINFK1 e-aluated it2 t2e a33r*3riate baseli+euel 3ara.eters dei+ed i+ 3aragra32 b;@; * t2is se/ti*+0+JINFK@b;T2e u+/ti*+ +JINFK@ e-aluated it2 t2e a33r*3riate baseli+euel 3ara.eters dei+ed i+ 3aragra32 b;@; * t2is se/ti*+0



'JINFKetT2e -alue * ' *r t2e >>edge target?? uel, as dei+ed i+3aragra32 d;1;i-;"; * t2is se/ti*+0

AROJINFKetT2e -alue * ARO *r t2e >>edge target?? uel, as dei+ed i+3aragra32 d;1;i-;"; * t2is se/ti*+0OEJINFKetT2e -alue * OE *r t2e >>edge target?? uel, as dei+ed i+

3aragra32 d;1;i-;"; * t2is se/ti*+0

"; F*r b*t2 !2ase I a+d !2ase II, t2e >>edge target?? uel iside+ti/al t* t2e target uel *r all uel 3ara.eters, it2 t2e*ll*i+g e/e3ti*+s:

1; I t2e sulur le-el * t2e target uel is less t2a+ 1% 3arts3er .illi*+, t2e+ t2e -alue * ' *r t2e >>edge target?? uel s2allbe set e5ual t* 1% 3arts 3er .illi*+0 @; I t2e sulur le-el * t2e target uel is greater t2a+ 4=%3arts 3er .illi*+, t2e+ t2e -alue * ' *r t2e >>edge target?? uels2all be set e5ual t* 4=% 3arts 3er .illi*+0 C; I t2e ar*.ati/s le-el * t2e target uel is less t2a+ 1&-*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+ t2e -alue * ARO *r t2e >>edge target?? uels2all be set e5ual t* 1& -*lu.e 3er/e+t0 4; I t2e *lei+s le-el * t2e target uel is greater t2a+ 19-*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+ t2e -alue * OE *r t2e >>edge target?? uels2all be set e5ual t* 19 -*lu.e 3er/e+t0 =; I t2e EC%% le-el * t2e target uel is greater t2a+ 9= -*lu.e3er/e+t, t2e+ t2e -alue * EC%% *r t2e >>edge target?? uel s2all bee5ual t* 9= -*lu.e 3er/e+t0 6; I t2e sulur le-el * t2e target uel is less t2a+ 1% 3arts3er .illi*+, t2e+ Jgree(8K' s2all be set e5ual t* '(1% 3arts 3er.illi*+;0 ); I t2e sulur le-el * t2e target uel is greater t2a+ 4=%3arts 3er .illi*+, t2e+ Jgree(8K' s2all be set e5ual t* '(4=%3arts 3er .illi*+;0 &; I t2e sulur le-el * t2e target uel is +eit2er less t2a+ 1%3arts 3er .illi*+ +*r greater t2a+ 4=% 3arts 3er .illi*+, Jgree(8K's2all be set e5ual t* 7er*0 9; I t2e ar*.ati/s le-el * t2e target uel is less t2a+ 1&-*lu.e 3er/e+t a+d greater t2a+ 1% -*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+ Jgree(8KAROs2all be set e5ual t* ARO(1& -*lu.e 3er/e+t;0 I t2e ar*.ati/s le-el* t2e target uel is less t2a+ 1% -*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+ Jgree(8KAROs2all be set e5ual t* & -*lu.e 3er/e+t0 1%; I t2e ar*.ati/s le-el * t2e target uel is greater t2a+ *re5ual t* 1& -*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+ Jgree(8KARO s2all be set e5ual t*7er*0 11; I t2e *lei+s le-el * t2e target uel is greater t2a+ 19-*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+ Jgree(8KOE s2all be set e5ual t* OE(19 -*lu.e3er/e+t;0 1@; I t2e *lei+s le-el * t2e target uel is less t2a+ *r e5ual



t* 19 -*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+ Jgree(8KOE s2all be set e5ual t* 7er*0 @; T2e i+ter NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * gas*li+es s2all begi-e+ by t2e e5uati*+s 3rese+ted i+ 3aragra32 d;1; * t2is se/ti*+it2 t2e RV! -alue set t* &0) 3si0 C; T2e NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * t2e target uel i+

3er/e+tage ter.s r*. baseli+e le-els s2all be gi-e+ by t2e *ll*i+ge5uati*+s:

F*r !2ase I:

'u..er NOJINFK[1%% NOJINFK(%066% gL.i;]L%066% gL.i;Bi+ter NOJINFK[1%% NOJINFK(%0)=% gL.i;]L%0)=% gL.i;

F*r !2ase II:

'u..er NOJINFK[1%% NOJINFK(10C4% gL.i;]L10C4% gL.i;Bi+ter NOJINFK[1%% NOJINFK(10=4% gL.i;]L10=4% gL.i;'u..er NOJINFK!er/e+tage /2a+ge i+ NOJINFK e.issi*+s r*. su..erbaseli+e le-els

Bi+ter NOJINFK!er/e+tage /2a+ge i+ NOJINFK e.issi*+s r*. i+terbaseli+e le-els

e; T*i/s 3er*r.a+/e((1; 'u..er t*i/s 3er*r.a+/e0 i; 'u..ert*i/ e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * gas*li+es i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+s 1 a+d @s2all be gi-e+ by t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+s:

TOI"'1EDH Q FORM Q A"ET Q TA Q !OM Q NEH1TOI"'@EDH Q FORM Q A"ET Q TA Q !OM Q NEH@

2ere

TOI"'1'u..er t*i/s 3er*r.a+/e i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 i+ ter.s *.illigra.s 3er .ile0

TOI"'@'u..er t*i/s 3er*r.a+/e i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ @ i+ ter.s *.illigra.s 3er .ile0

EDHE2aust e.issi*+s * be+7e+e i+ ter.s * .illigra.s 3er .ile, asdeter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 e;4; * t2is se/ti*+0FORME.issi*+s * *r.alde2yde i+ ter.s * .illigra.s 3er .ile, asdeter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 e;=; * t2is se/ti*+0

A"ETE.issi*+s * a/etalde2yde i+ ter.s * .illigra.s 3er .ile, asdeter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 e;6; * t2is se/ti*+0TAE.issi*+s * 1,C(butadie+e i+ ter.s * .illigra.s 3er .ile, asdeter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 e;); * t2is se/ti*+0!OM!*ly/y/li/ *rga+i/ .atter e.issi*+s i+ ter.s * .illigra.s 3er



.ile, as deter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 e;&; * t2is se/ti*+0NEH1N*+e2aust e.issi*+s * be+7e+e i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 i+.illigra.s 3er .ile, as deter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 e;9; * t2is se/ti*+0NEH@N*+e2aust e.issi*+s * be+7e+e i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ @ i+.illigra.s 3er .ile, as deter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 e;1%; * t2is

se/ti*+0

ii; T2e 3er/e+tage /2a+ge i+ su..er t*i/s 3er*r.a+/e i+ VO""*+tr*l Regi*+s 1 a+d @ s2all be gi-e+ by t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+s:

F*r !2ase I:

TOI"'1[1%% TOI"'1(4&061 .gL.i;]L4&061 .gL.i;TOI"'@[1%% TOI"'@(4)0=9 .gL.i;]L4)0=9 .gL.i;

F*r !2ase II:

TOI"'1[1%% TOI"'1(&60C= .gL.i;]L&60C= .gL.i;TOI"'@[1%% TOI"'@(&=061 .gL.i;]L&=061 .gL.i;

2ere

TOI"'1!er/e+tage /2a+ge i+ su..er t*i/s e.issi*+s i+ VO" "*+tr*lRegi*+ 1 r*. baseli+e le-els0

TOI"'@!er/e+tage /2a+ge i+ su..er t*i/s e.issi*+s i+ VO" "*+tr*lRegi*+ @ r*. baseli+e le-els0

@; Bi+ter t*i/s 3er*r.a+/e0 i; Bi+ter t*i/ e.issi*+s3er*r.a+/e * gas*li+es i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+s 1 a+d @ s2all be gi-e+by t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+, e-aluated it2 t2e RV! set at &0) 3si:

TOI"B[EDH Q FORM Q A"ET Q TA Q !OM]

2ere

TOI"BBi+ter t*i/s 3er*r.a+/e i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+s 1 a+d @ i+ter.s * .illigra.s 3er .ile0

EDHE2aust e.issi*+s * be+7e+e i+ ter.s * .illigra.s 3er .ile, asdeter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 e;4; * t2is se/ti*+0FORME.issi*+s * *r.alde2yde i+ ter.s * .illigra.s 3er .ile, asdeter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 e;=; * t2is se/ti*+0

A"ETE.issi*+s * a/etalde2yde i+ ter.s * .illigra.s 3er .ile, asdeter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 e;6; * t2is se/ti*+0TAE.issi*+s * 1,C(butadie+e i+ ter.s * .illigra.s 3er .ile, asdeter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 e;); * t2is se/ti*+0



!OM!*ly/y/li/ *rga+i/ .atter e.issi*+s i+ ter.s * .illigra.s 3er.ile, as deter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 e;&; * t2is se/ti*+0

ii; T2e 3er/e+tage /2a+ge i+ i+ter t*i/s 3er*r.a+/e i+ VO""*+tr*l Regi*+s 1 a+d @ s2all be gi-e+ by t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+:

F*r !2ase I:

TOI"B[1%% TOI"B(=&0C6 .gL.i;] L =&0C6 .gL.i;

F*r !2ase II:

TOI"B[1%% TOI"B(1@%0== .gL.i;] L 1@%0== .gL.i;

2ere

TOI"B!er/e+tage /2a+ge i+ i+ter t*i/s e.issi*+s i+ VO" "*+tr*lRegi*+s 1 a+d @ r*. baseli+e le-els0

C; $ear(r*u+d t*i/s 3er*r.a+/e0 i; $ear(r*u+d t*i/s3er*r.a+/e i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+s 1 a+d @ s2all be gi-e+ by t2e*ll*i+g e5uati*+ *r re*r.ulated a+d "lea+ Air A/t baseli+egas*li+es:

TOI"$1[%0C96 TOI"'1;Q %06%4 TOI"B; ]TOI"$@[%0C96 TOI"'@;Q %06%4 TOI"B; ]

2ere

TOI"$1$ear(r*u+d t*i/s 3er*r.a+/e i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 i+ ter.s* .illigra.s 3er .ile0

TOI"'1'u..er t*i/s 3er*r.a+/e i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 i+ ter.s *.illigra.s 3er .ile, as deter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 e;1;i; * t2isse/ti*+0

TOI"$@$ear(r*u+d t*i/s 3er*r.a+/e i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ @ i+ ter.s* .illigra.s 3er .ile0

TOI"'@'u..er t*i/s 3er*r.a+/e i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ @ i+ ter.s *.illigra.s 3er .ile, as deter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 e;1;i; * t2isse/ti*+0

TOI"BBi+ter t*i/s 3er*r.a+/e i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+s 1 a+d @ i+ter.s * .illigra.s 3er .ile, as deter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 e;@;i; *t2is se/ti*+0



ii; T2e 3er/e+tage /2a+ge i+ year(r*u+d t*i/s 3er*r.a+/e i+ VO""*+tr*l Regi*+s 1 a+d @ s2all be gi-e+ by t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+s:

F*r !2ase I:

TOI"$1[1%% TOI"$1(=40=% .gL.i;] L =40=% .gL.i;TOI"$@[1%% TOI"$@(=40%9 .gL.i;] L =40%9 .gL.i;

F*r !2ase II:

TOI"$1[1%% TOI"$1(1%)0%% .gL.i;] L 1%)0%% .gL.i;TOI"$@[1%% TOI"$@(1%60)1 .gL.i;] L 1%60)1 .gL.i;TOI"$1!er/e+tage /2a+ge i+ year(r*u+d t*i/s e.issi*+s i+ VO""*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 r*. baseli+e le-els0TOI"$@!er/e+tage /2a+ge i+ year(r*u+d t*i/s e.issi*+s i+ VO""*+tr*l Regi*+ @ r*. baseli+e le-els0

4; E2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s s2all be gi-e+ by t2e *ll*i+ge5uati*+, sube/t t* 3aragrag2 e;4;iii; * t2is se/ti*+:

EDHENHb; Q ENHb; $JINFKENt;L1%%;$JINFKENt;[JINFK1 NJINFKb; Q JINFK@ DJINFKb; ( 1] 1%%

2ere

EDHE2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s i+ .illigra.sL.ile$JINFKENt;e+7e+e 3er*r.a+/e * target uel i+ ter.s * 3er/e+tage/2a+ge r*. baseli+e0

ENHb;aseli+e be+7e+e e.issi*+s as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32 b;@; *t2is se/ti*+ *r t2e a33r*3riate 32ase a+d seas*+0NJINFKbe3 bJINFK1t;Le3 bJINFK1b;DJINFKbe3 bJINFK@t;Le3 bJINFK@b;JINFK1Beig2ti+g a/t*r *r +*r.al e.itters as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32b;1; * t2is se/ti*+ *r t2e a33r*3riate !2ase0JINFK@Beig2ti+g a/t*r *r 2ig2er e.itters as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32b;1; * t2is se/ti*+ *r t2e a33r*3riate !2ase0bJINFK1t;N*r.al e.itter be+7e+e e5uati*+, as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32e;4;i; * t2is se/ti*+, e-aluated usi+g t2e target uel?s 3r*3ertiessube/t t* 3aragra32 e;4;iii; * t2is se/ti*+0bJINFK@t;Dig2er e.itter be+7e+e e5uati*+ as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32e;4;ii; * t2is se/ti*+, e-aluated usi+g t2e target uel?s3r*3erties sube/t t* 3aragra32 e;4;iii; * t2is se/ti*+0bJINFK1b;N*r.al e.itter be+7e+e e5uati*+ as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32e;4;i; * t2is se/ti*+, e-aluated *r t2e base uel?s 3r*3erties0bJINFK@b;Dig2er e.itter be+7e+e e5uati*+, as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32



e;4;ii; * t2is se/ti*+, e-aluated *r t2e base uel?s 3r*3erties0

i; "*+s*lidated e5uati*+ *r +*r.al e.itters0bJINFK1%0%%%619) ';Q(%0%%CC)6 E@%%;Q%0%@6==%% ARO;Q%0@@@C9%% EN;

ii; E5uati*+ *r 2ig2er e.itters0bJINFK@(%0%96%4) O$;Q%0%%%CC)% ';Q%0%11@=1% EC%%;Q%0%11&&@% ARO;Q%0@@@C1&% EN;

iii; I t2e ar*.ati/s -alue * t2e target uel is less t2a+ 1%-*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+ a+ ar*.ati/s -alue * 1% -*lu.e 3er/e+t s2all beused 2e+ e-aluati+g t2e e5uati*+s gi-e+ i+ 3aragra32s e;4; i; a+dii; * t2is se/ti*+0 I t2e EC%% -alue * t2e target uel is greatert2a+ 9= -*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+ EC%% -alue * 9= -*lu.e 3er/e+t s2all beused 2e+ e-aluati+g t2e e5uati*+s gi-e+ i+ 3aragra32s e;4; i; a+dii; * t2is se/ti*+0

=; F*r.alde2yde .ass e.issi*+s s2all be gi-e+ by t2e *ll*i+ge5uati*+, sube/t t* 3aragra32s e;=; iii; a+d i-; * t2is se/ti*+:

FORMFORMb;QFORMb; $JINFKFORMt;L1%%;$JINFKFORMt;[JINFK1 NJINFK;QJINFK@ DJINFK;(1] 1%%

2ere

FORME2aust *r.alde2yde e.issi*+s i+ ter.s * .illigra.sL.ile0$JINFKFORMt;F*r.alde2yde 3er*r.a+/e * target uel i+ ter.s *3er/e+tage /2a+ge r*. baseli+e0

FORMb;aseli+e *r.alde2yde e.issi*+s as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32 b;@;* t2is se/ti*+ *r t2e a33r*3riate !2ase a+d seas*+0NJINFKe3 JINFK1t;Le3 JINFK1b;DJINFKe3 JINFK@t;Le3 JINFK@b;JINFK1Beig2ti+g a/t*r *r +*r.al e.itters as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32b;1; * t2is se/ti*+ *r t2e a33r*3riate !2ase0JINFK@Beig2ti+g a/t*r *r 2ig2er e.itters as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32b;1; * t2is se/ti*+ *r t2e a33r*3riate !2ase0JINFK1t;N*r.al e.itter *r.alde2yde e5uati*+ as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32e;=;i; * t2is se/ti*+, e-aluated usi+g t2e target uel?s 3r*3ertiessube/t t* 3aragra32s e;=; iii; a+d i-; * t2is se/ti*+0JINFK@t;Dig2er e.itter *r.alde2yde e5uati*+ as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32e;=;ii; * t2is se/ti*+, e-aluated usi+g t2e target uel?s3r*3erties sube/t t* 3aragra32s e;=; iii; a+d i-; * t2is se/ti*+0JINFK1b;N*r.al e.itter *r.alde2yde e5uati*+ as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32e;=;i; * t2is se/ti*+, e-aluated *r t2e base uel?s 3r*3erties0JINFK@b;Dig2er e.itter *r.alde2yde e5uati*+ as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32



e;=;ii; * t2is se/ti*+, e-aluated *r t2e base uel?s 3r*3erties0


JINFK1(%0%1%@@6 EC%%;Q(%0%%)166 ARO;Q%0%46@1C1 MT;

ii; E5uati*+ *r 2ig2er e.itters0

JINFK@(%0%1%@@6 EC%%;Q(%0%%)166 ARO;Q(%0%C1C=@ OE;Q%0%46@1C1 MT;

iii; I t2e ar*.ati/s -alue * t2e target uel is less t2a+ 1% -*lu.e3er/e+t, t2e+ a+ ar*.ati/s -alue * 1% -*lu.e 3er/e+t s2all be used2e+ e-aluati+g t2e e5uati*+s gi-e+ i+ 3aragra32s e;=; i; a+d ii;* t2is se/ti*+0 I t2e EC%% -alue * t2e target uel is greater t2a+9= -*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+ a+ EC%% -alue * 9= -*lu.e 3er/e+t s2all beused 2e+ e-aluati+g t2e e5uati*+s gi-e+ i+ 3aragra32s e;=; i; a+dii; * t2is se/ti*+0

i-; B2e+ /al/ulati+g *r.alde2yde e.issi*+s a+d e.issi*+s3er*r.a+/e, *yge+ i+ t2e *r. * al/*2*ls 2i/2 are .*re /*.3le *r2a-e 2ig2er .*le/ular eig2ts t2a+ et2a+*l s2all be e-aluated as i itere i+ t2e *r. * et2a+*l0 Oyge+ i+ t2e *r. * .et2yl et2ers *t2ert2a+ TAME a+d MTE s2all be e-aluated as i it ere i+ t2e *r. *MTE0 Oyge+ i+ t2e *r. * et2yl et2ers *t2er t2a+ ETE s2all bee-aluated as i it ere i+ t2e *r. * ETE0 Oyge+ i+ t2e *r. * +*+.et2yl,+*+(et2yl et2ers s2all be e-aluated as i it ere i+ t2e *r.* ETE0

6; A/etalde2yde .ass e.issi*+s s2all be gi-e+ by t2e *ll*i+ge5uati*+, sube/t t* 3aragra32s e;6; iii; a+d i-; * t2is se/ti*+:

A"ETA"ETb;QA"ETb; $JINFKA"ETt;L1%%;$JINFKA"ETt;[JINFK1 NJINFKa;QJINFK@ DJINFKa;(1] 1%%

2ere

A"ETE2aust a/etalde2yde e.issi*+s i+ ter.s * .illigra.sL.ile$JINFKA"ETt;A/etalde2yde 3er*r.a+/e * target uel i+ ter.s *3er/e+tage /2a+ge r*. baseli+e

A"ETb;aseli+e a/etalde2yde e.issi*+s as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32 b;@;* t2is se/ti*+ *r t2e a33r*3riate 32ase a+d seas*+NJINFKae3 aJINFK1t;Le3 aJINFK1b;DJINFKae3 aJINFK@t;Le3 aJINFK@b;JINFK1Beig2ti+g a/t*r *r +*r.al e.itters as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32b;1; * t2is se/ti*+ *r t2e a33r*3riate 32ase



JINFK@Beig2ti+g a/t*r *r 2ig2er e.itters as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32b;1; * t2is se/ti*+ *r t2e a33r*3riate 32aseaJINFK1t;N*r.al e.itter a/etalde2yde e5uati*+ as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32e;6;i; * t2is se/ti*+, e-aluated usi+g t2e target uel?s3r*3erties, sube/t t* 3aragra32s e;6; iii; a+d i-; * t2is se/ti*+

aJINFK@t;Dig2er e.itter a/etalde2yde e5uati*+ as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32e;6;ii; * t2is se/ti*+, e-aluated usi+g t2e target uel?s3r*3erties, sube/t t* 3aragra32s e;6; iii; a+d i-; * t2is se/ti*+aJINFK1b;N*r.al e.itter a/etalde2yde e5uati*+ as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32e;6;i; * t2is se/ti*+, e-aluated *r t2e base uel?s 3r*3ertiesJINFK@b;Dig2er e.itter a/etalde2yde e5uati*+ as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32e;6;ii; * t2is se/ti*+, e-aluated *r t2e base uel?s 3r*3erties


aJINFK1%0%%%@6C1 ';Q

%0%C9)&6% RV!;Q(%0%1@1)@ EC%%;Q(%0%%==@= ARO;Q(%0%%9=94 MT;Q%0C16=&%% ET;Q%0@49@=%% ETD;


aJINFK@%0%%%@6@) ';Q

(%0%1@1=) EC%%;Q(%0%%==4& ARO;Q(%0%==9&% MT;Q%0C16466= ET;Q%0@49C@=9 ETD;

iii; I t2e ar*.ati/s -alue * t2e target uel is less t2a+ 1%-*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+ a+ ar*.ati/s -alue * 1% -*lu.e 3er/e+t s2all beused 2e+ e-aluati+g t2e e5uati*+s gi-e+ i+ 3aragra32s e;6; i; a+dii; * t2is se/ti*+0 I t2e EC%% -alue * t2e target uel is greatert2a+ 9= -*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+ a+ EC%% -alue * 9= -*lu.e 3er/e+t s2allbe used 2e+ e-aluati+g t2e e5uati*+s gi-e+ i+ 3aragra32s e;6; i;a+d ii; * t2is se/ti*+0

i-; B2e+ /al/ulati+g a/etalde2yde e.issi*+s a+d e.issi*+s3er*r.a+/e, *yge+ i+ t2e *r. * al/*2*ls 2i/2 are .*re /*.3le *r2a-e 2ig2er .*le/ular eig2ts t2a+ et2a+*l s2all be e-aluated as i itere i+ t2e *r. * et2a+*l0 Oyge+ i+ t2e *r. * .et2yl et2ers *t2ert2a+ TAME a+d MTE s2all be e-aluated as i it ere i+ t2e *r. *MTE0 Oyge+ i+ t2e *r. * et2yl et2ers *t2er t2a+ ETE s2all bee-aluated as i it ere i+ t2e *r. * ETE0 Oyge+ i+ t2e *r. * +*+.et2yl,+*+(et2yl et2ers s2all be e-aluated as i it ere i+ t2e *r.* ETE0

); 1,C(butadie+e .ass e.issi*+s s2all be gi-e+ by t2e *ll*i+ge5uati*+s, sube/t t* 3aragra32 e;);iii; * t2is se/ti*+:



TATAb;QTAb; $JINFKTAt;L1%%;$JINFKTAt;[JINFK1 NJINFKd;QJINFK@ DJINFKd;(1] 1%%

2ere

TAE2aust 1,C(butadie+e e.issi*+s i+ ter.s * .illigra.sL.ile$JINFKTAt;1,C(butadie+e 3er*r.a+/e * target uel i+ ter.s *3er/e+tage /2a+ge r*. baseli+e

TAb;aseli+e 1,C(butadie+e e.issi*+s as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32 b;@;* t2is se/ti*+ *r t2e a33r*3riate 32ase a+d seas*+NJINFKde3 dJINFK1t;Le3 dJINFK1b;DJINFKde3 dJINFK@t;Le3 dJINFK@b;JINFK1Beig2ti+g a/t*r *r +*r.al e.itters as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32b;1; * t2is se/ti*+ *r t2e a33r*3riate 32aseJINFK@Beig2ti+g a/t*r *r 2ig2er e.itters as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32b;1; * t2is se/ti*+ *r t2e a33r*3riate !2ase0dJINFK1t;N*r.al e.itter 1,C(butadie+e e5uati*+ as dei+ed i+3aragra32 e;);i; * t2is se/ti*+, e-aluated usi+g t2e target uel?s3r*3erties, sube/t t* 3aragra32 e;);iii; * t2is se/ti*+0dJINFK@t;Dig2er e.itter 1,C(butadie+e e5uati*+ as dei+ed i+3aragra32 e;);ii; * t2is se/ti*+, e-aluated usi+g t2e target uel?s3r*3erties, sube/t t* 3aragra32 e;);iii; * t2is se/ti*+0dJINFK1b;N*r.al e.itter 1,C(butadie+e e5uati*+ as dei+ed i+3aragra32 e;);i; * t2is se/ti*+, e-aluated *r t2e base uel?s3r*3erties0

dJINFK@b;Dig2er e.itter 1,C(butadie+e e5uati*+ as dei+ed i+3aragra32 e;);ii; * t2is se/ti*+, e-aluated *r t2e base uel?s3r*3erties0


dJINFK1%0%%%1==@ ';Q

(%0%%)@=C E@%%;Q(%0%14&66 EC%%;Q(%0%%4%%= ARO;Q%0%@&@C=% OE;


dJINFK@(%0%6%))1 O$;Q

(%0%%)C11 E@%%;Q(%0%%&%=& EC%%;Q(%0%%4%%= ARO;Q%0%4C696% OE;

iii; I t2e ar*.ati/s -alue * t2e target uel is less t2a+ 1%



-*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+ a+ ar*.ati/s -alue * 1% -*lu.e 3er/e+t s2all beused 2e+ e-aluati+g t2e e5uati*+s gi-e+ i+ 3aragra32s e;); i; a+dii; * t2is se/ti*+0 I t2e EC%% -alue * t2e target uel is greatert2a+ 9= -*lu.e 3er/e+t, t2e+ a+ EC%% -alue * 9= -*lu.e 3er/e+t s2allbe used 2e+ e-aluati+g t2e e5uati*+s gi-e+ i+ 3aragra32s e;); i;

a+d ii; * t2is se/ti*+0

&; !*ly/y/li/ *rga+i/ .atter .ass e.issi*+s s2all be gi-e+ by t2e*ll*i+g e5uati*+:

!OM%0%%CC== VO"E

!OM!*ly/y/li/ *rga+i/ .atter e.issi*+s i+ ter.s * .illigra.s 3er .ileVO"EN*+(.et2a+e, +*+(et2a+e e2aust e.issi*+s * -*latile *rga+i//*.3*u+ds i+ gra.s 3er .ile0

9; N*+e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 s2all begi-e+ by t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+s *r b*t2 !2ase I a+d !2ase II:

NEH18IH1QD'H1QRH1QRFH1

D'H11% EN D'VO"1 [(%0%C4@ MT;Q(%0%&%@)4 RV!;Q10444&]

8IH11% EN 8IVO"1 [(%0%@9% MT;Q(%0%&%@)4 RV!;Q10C)=&]

RH11% EN RVO"1 [(%0%C4@ MT;Q(%0%&%@)4 RV!;Q10444&]

RFH11% EN RFVO"1 [(%0%@96 MT;Q(%0%&1=%) RV!;Q10C9)@]

2ere

NEH1N*+e2aust e.issi*+s * -*latile *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds i+ VO" "*+tr*lRegi*+ 1 i+ .illigra.s 3er .ile0

8IH18iur+al e.issi*+s * -*latile *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds i+ VO" "*+tr*lRegi*+ 1 i+ .illigra.s 3er .ile0

D'H1D*t s*a e.issi*+s * -*latile *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds i+ VO" "*+tr*lRegi*+ 1 i+ .illigra.s 3er .ile0

RH1Ru++i+g l*ss e.issi*+s * -*latile *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds i+ VO""*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 i+ .illigra.s 3er .ile0RFH1Reueli+g e.issi*+s * -*latile *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds i+ VO" "*+tr*l



"*+tr*l Regi*+ @ i+ .illigra.s 3er .ile0RFH@Reueli+g e.issi*+s * -*latile *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds i+ VO" "*+tr*lRegi*+ @ i+ gra.s 3er .ile0

VO"8I@8iur+al e.issi*+s * -*latile *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds i+ VO" "*+tr*l

Regi*+ @ i+ .illigra.s 3er .ile, as deter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 /;4; *t2is se/ti*+0

VO"D'@D*t s*a e.issi*+s * -*latile *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds i+ VO" "*+tr*lRegi*+ @ i+ .illigra.s 3er .ile, as deter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 /;4; *t2is se/ti*+0

VO"R@Ru++i+g l*ss e.issi*+s * -*latile *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds i+ VO""*+tr*l Regi*+ @ i+ .illigra.s 3er .ile, as deter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32/;4; * t2is se/ti*+0

VO"RF@Reueli+g e.issi*+s * -*latile *rga+i/ /*.3*u+ds i+ VO" "*+tr*lRegi*+ @ i+ .illigra.s 3er .ile, as deter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 /;4; *t2is se/ti*+0

; i.its * t2e .*del0 1; T2e e5uati*+s des/ribed i+ 3aragra32sa;, /;, a+d d; * t2is se/ti*+ s2all be -alid *+ly *r uels it2uel 3r*3erties t2at all i+ t2e *ll*i+g ra+ges *r re*r.ulatedgas*li+es a+d /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+es:

i; F*r re*r.ulated gas*li+es:

Fuel 3r*3erty A//e3table ra+ge

Oyge+00000000000000 %0%%(C0)% eig2t 3er/e+t0

'ulur00000000000000 %0%(=%%0% 3arts 3er .illi*+ by eig2t0RV!00000000000000000 604(1%0% 3*u+ds 3er s5uare i+/20E@%%0000000000000000 C%0%()%0% -*lu.e 3er/e+t0EC%%0000000000000000 )%0%(1%%0% -*lu.e 3er/e+t0

Ar*.ati/s00000000000 %0%(=%0% -*lu.e 3er/e+t0Olei+s0000000000000 %0%%(@=0% -*lu.e 3er/e+t0e+7e+e0000000000000 %0%(@0% -*lu.e 3er/e+t0

ii; F*r /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+es:



Fuel 3r*3erty A//e3table ra+ge

Oyge+00000000000000 %0%%(C0)% eig2t 3er/e+t0

'ulur00000000000000 %0%(1%%%0% 3arts 3er .illi*+ by eig2t0RV!00000000000000000 604(110% 3*u+ds 3er s5uare i+/20E@%%0000000000000000 C%0%()%0% -*lu.e 3er/e+t0EC%%0000000000000000 )%0%(1%%0% -*lu.e 3er/e+t0

Ar*.ati/s00000000000 %%0%(==0% -*lu.e 3er/e+t0Olei+s0000000000000 %0%%(C%0% -*lu.e 3er/e+t0e+7e+e0000000000000 %0%(409 -*lu.e 3er/e+t0

@; Fuels it2 *+e *r .*re 3r*3erties t2at d* +*t all it2i+ t2era+ges des/ribed i+ ab*-e s2all +*t be /ertiied *r e-aluated *r t2eire.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e usi+g t2e /*.3le e.issi*+s .*del des/ribed i+3aragra32s /;, d;, a+d e; * t2is se/ti*+0

'e/0 &%046 Measure.e+t * re*r.ulated gas*li+e uel 3ara.eters0

a; 'ulur0 'ulur /*+te+t s2all be deter.i+ed usi+g A.eri/a+'*/iety *r Testi+g a+d Materials A'TM; sta+dard .et2*d 8(@6@@(9@,e+titled >>'ta+dard Test Met2*d *r 'ulur i+ !etr*leu. !r*du/ts by Ray'3e/tr*.etry0??

b; Olei+s0 Olei+ /*+te+t s2all be deter.i+ed usi+g A'TM sta+dard.et2*d 8(1C19(9C, e+titled >>'ta+dard Test Met2*d *r Dydr*/arb*+ Ty3esi+ i5uid !etr*leu. !r*du/ts by Flu*res/e+t I+di/at*r Ads*r3ti*+0?? /; Reid -a3*r 3ressure RV!;0 Reid Va3*r !ressure RV!; s2all bedeter.i+ed usi+g t2e 3r*/edure des/ribed i+ 4% "FR 3art &%, a33e+di E,Met2*d C0

d; 8istillati*+0 1; 8istillati*+ 3ara.eters s2all be deter.i+edusi+g A'TM sta+dard .et2*d 8(&6(9%, e+titled >>'ta+dard Test Met2*d *r8istillati*+ * !etr*leu. !r*du/ts?? e/e3t t2at @; T2e igures *r re3eatability a+d re3r*du/ibility gi-e+ i+degrees Fa2re+2eit i+ Table 9 i+ t2e A'TM .et2*d are i+/*rre/t, a+ds2all +*t be used0

e; e+7e+e0 1; e+7e+e /*+te+t s2all be deter.i+ed usi+g A'TM



sta+dard .et2*d 8(C6%6(9@, e+titled >>'ta+dard Test Met2*d *r8eter.i+ati*+ * e+7e+e a+d T*lue+e i+ Fi+is2ed M*t*r a+d A-iati*+#as*li+e by #as "2r*.at*gra32y?? e/e3t t2at @; I+stru.e+t 3ara.eters .ust be adusted t* e+sure /*.3leteres*luti*+ * t2e be+7e+e, et2a+*l a+d .et2a+*l 3eas be/ause et2a+*l

a+d .et2a+*l .ay /ause i+terere+/e it2 A'TM sta+dard .et2*d 8(C6%6(9@2e+ 3rese+t0 ; Ar*.ati/s0 Ar*.ati/s /*+te+t s2all be deter.i+ed by gas/2r*.at*gra32y ide+tiyi+g a+d 5ua+tiyi+g ea/2 ar*.ati/ /*.3*u+d asset *rt2 i+ 3aragra32 ;1; * t2is se/ti*+0 1; i; 8ete/t*r0 T2e dete/t*r is a+ at*.i/ .ass s3e/tr*.eterdete/t*r M'8;0 T2e dete/t*r .ay be set *r eit2er sele/ti-e i*+ *rs/a+ .*de0 ii; Met2*d A0 A; T2e i+itial study * t2is .et2*d used a t2ree/*.3*+e+t i+ter+al sta+dard usi+g t2e *ll*i+g /al/ulati*+s0 ; T2e /alibrati*+ 3*i+ts are /*+stru/ted by /al/ulati+g a+ a.*u+trati* a+d res3*+se rati* *r ea/2 le-el * a 3arti/ular 3ea i+ t2ei+stru.e+t?s /alibrati*+ table0

"; T2e a.*u+t rati* is t2e a.*u+t * t2e /*.3*u+d di-ided by t2ea.*u+t * t2e i+ter+al sta+dard *r a gi-e+ le-el0 8; T2e res3*+se rati* is t2e res3*+se * t2e /*.3*u+d di-ided byt2e res3*+se * t2e i+ter+al sta+dard at t2is le-el0 E; T2e e5uati*+ *r t2e /ur-e t2r*ug2 t2e /alibrati*+ 3*i+ts is/al/ulated usi+g t2e ty3e it a+d *rigi+ 2a+dli+g s3e/iied i+ t2ei+stru.e+t?s /alibrati*+ table0 I+ t2e i+itial study t2e it as ase/*+d degree 3*ly+*.ial i+/ludi+g a *r/ed 7er* *r t2e *rigi+0 F; T2e res3*+se * t2e /*.3*u+d i+ a sa.3le is di-ided by t2eres3*+se * t2e i+ter+al sta+dard t* 3r*-ide a res3*+se rati* *r t2at/*.3*u+d i+ t2e sa.3le0

#; A /*rre/ted a.*u+t rati* *r t2e u++*+ is /al/ulated usi+gt2e /ur-e it e5uati*+ deter.i+ed i+ 3aragrag2 ;1;ii;E; * t2isse/ti*+0

D; T2e a.*u+t * t2e ar*.ati/ /*.3*u+d is e5ual t* t2e /*rre/teda.*u+t rati* ti.es t2e A.*u+t * I+ter+al 'ta+dard0 I; T2e t*tal ar*.ati/s i+ t2e sa.3le is t2e su. * t2e a.*u+ts *t2e i+di-idual ar*.ati/ /*.3*u+ds i+ t2e sa.3le0 <; A+ i+ter+al sta+dard s*luti*+ /a+ be .ade it2 t2e *ll*i+g/*.3*u+ds at t2e listed /*+/e+trati*+s i+ -*lu.e 3er/e+t0 Als* listedis t2e "2e.i/al Abstra/ts 'er-i/e Registry Nu.ber "A';, at*.i/ .assu+it a.u; *+ 2i/2 t2e dete/t*r .ust be set at t2e /*rres3*+di+grete+ti*+ ti.e i used i+ t2e sele/ti-e i*+ .*de, rete+ti*+ ti.es i+.i+utes, a+d b*ili+g 3*i+t i+ deg0"0 Ot2er, si.ilar, b*ili+g 3*i+t.aterials /a+ be used 2i/2 are +*t *u+d i+ gas*li+e0; Rete+ti*+ ti.esare a33r*i.ate a+d a33ly *+ly t* a 6% .eter /a3illary /*lu.+ used i+



t2e i+itial study0 Ot2er /*lu.+s a+d rete+ti*+ ti.es /a+ be used0 1; 4(.et2yl(@(3e+ta+*+e, =% -*l [1%&(1%(1], 4C0% a.u, @@0& .i+0,b3 11&

@; be+7yl al/*2*l, @= -*l, [1%%(=1(6], 1%& a.u, 610) .i+0, b3

@%=

C; 1(*/ta+*l, [111(&)(=], @= -*l, =60% a.u, )606 .i+0, b3 196 G; At least t* /alibrati*+ .itures 2i/2 bra/et t2e .easuredt*tal ar*.ati/s /*+/e+trati*+ .ust be .ade it2 a re3rese+tati-e.iture * ar*.ati/ /*.3*u+ds0 T2e .aterials a+d /*+/e+trati*+s used i+t2e 2ig2est /*+/e+trati*+ /alibrati*+ le-el i+ t2e i+itial study *rt2is .et2*d are listed i+ t2is 3aragra32 ;1;ii;G;0 Als* listed ist2e "2e.i/al Abstra/ts 'er-i/e Registry Nu.ber "A';, at*.i/ .ass u+ita.u; *+ 2i/2 t2e dete/t*r .ust be set *r t2e /*rres3*+di+g rete+ti*+ti.e i used i+ t2e sele/ti-e i*+ .*de, rete+ti*+ ti.es i+ .i+utes, a+di+ s*.e /ases b*ili+g 3*i+t i+ deg0"0 T2e sta+dards are .ade i+ @,@,4(tri.et2yl3e+ta+e is*(*/ta+e;, [=4%(&4(1]0 Ot2er ar*.ati/ /*.3*u+ds,a+d rete+ti*+ ti.es .ay be a//e3table as l*+g as t2e ar*.ati/ -alues3r*du/ed .eet t2e /riteria *u+d i+ t2e 5uality assura+/e se/ti*+ *rt2e ar*.ati/ .et2*ds0

*ili+g"*.3*u+d "*+/e+trati*+s "A' N*0 AM

Rete+ti*+ 3*i+t,-*l ti.e, .i+0 deg0"

e+7e+e0000000000000000000000000000000000000 @0@= )1(4C(@ )& 1&09&%01Met2ylbe+7e+e0000000000000000000000000000000 @0= 1%&(&&(C 91 @=0=111Et2ylbe+7e+e00000000000000000000000000000000 @0@= 1%%(41(4 91 C4011C60@1,C(8i.et2ylbe+7e+e 1,4(8i.et2ylbe+7e+e00000 = 1%&(C&(C 91C=01 1C6(1C&1,@(di.et2ylbe+7e+e0000000000000000000000000 1% 9=(4)(6 91 C&011441(.et2ylet2yl;(be+7e+e000000000000000000000 @0@= 6@%(14(4 1%=4@0& 000000000000!r*3ylbe+7e+e0000000000000000000000000000000 @0@= 1%C(6=(1 91 4&0%1=90@1(et2yl(@(.et2ylbe+7e+e000000000000000000000 @0@= 611(14(C 1%= 490C16=



1,@,4(tri.et2ylbe+7e+e0000000000000000000000 @0@= 9=(6C(6 1%= =%091691(et2yl(@(.et2ylbe+7e+e000000000000000000000 @0@= 611(14(4 1%= =C0C16=1,C(diet2ylbe+7e+e00000000000000000000000000 @0@= 141(9C(= 119 =606

1&1utylbe+7e+e00000000000000000000000000000000 @0@= 1%4(=1(& 91 6%0)1&C1(.et2yl(@(1(.et2ylet2yl;(be+7e+e0000000000 @0@= 9CC(9&(@ 1196C09 0000000000001(et2yl(C(.et2ylbe+7e+e000000000000000000000 @0@= 6@%(14(4 1%=640@ 0000000000001(.et2yl(4(is*(3r*3ylbe+7e+e0000000000000000 @0@= 99(&)(6 119 690%1))@(et2yl(1,C(di.et2ylbe+7e+e00000000000000000 @0@= @&)%(%4(4 119 )C0%000000000000@(.et2yl3r*3ylbe+7e+e00000000000000000000000 @0@= =C&(9C(@ 91)=0% 0000000000001(.et2yl(C(1(.et2ylet2yl;(be+7e+e0000000000 @0@= =C=())(C 119)=06 0000000000001(.et2yl(C(3r*3ylbe+7e+e00000000000000000000 @0@= 1%)4(4C() 1%= )&09000000000000@(et2yl(1,4(di.et2ylbe+7e+e00000000000000000 @0@= 1)=&(&&(9 119 &C0@1&)1(.et2yl(4(.et2ylet2yl;(be+7e+e000000000000 @0@= 9C4(&%(9 119&C04 0000000000001(et2yl(@,4(di.et2ylbe+7e+e00000000000000000 @0@= &)4(41(9 119&=0) 0000000000001,1(di.et2ylet2y;(C(.et2ylbe+7e+e0000000000 @0@= @)1C&(@1(@ 1CC&)0C 0000000000001(et2yl(@,C(di.et2ylbe+7e+e00000000000000000 @0@= 9CC(9&(@ 119&&0) 0000000000001(1,1(di.et2ylet2yl;(C(.et2ylbe+7e+e0000000 @0@= 1)=(C&(C 1CC&904 0000000000001(et2yl(1,4(di.et2ylbe+7e+e00000000000000000 @0@= &)4(41(9 1199409 000000000000@(et2yl(1,C(di.et2ylbe+7e+e00000000000000000 @0@= @&)%(%4(4 119 1%%090000000000001(et2yl(C,=(di.et2ylbe+7e+e00000000000000000 @0@= 9C4()4() 119 1%@0=0000000000001(@,4,=(tetra.et2ylbe+7e+e000000000000000000 @0@= 9=(9C(@ 119 11=0919)!e+tylbe+7e+e0000000000000000000000000000000 @0@= =C&(6&(1 91116 000000000000Na32t2ale+e000000000000000000000000000000000 @0@= 191(@%(C 1@& 11&0419&



"& dimet/-l=iso=0ut-l0enene......... %.%& 48=14=1 137 118.&%5&.&

iii; Met2*d 0 A; se a 3er/e+t +*r.ali7ed *r.at t* deter.i+et2e /*+/e+trati*+ * t2e i+di-idual /*.3*u+ds0 N* i+ter+al sta+dard isused i+ t2is .et2*d0

; T2e /al/ulati*+ * t2e ar*.ati/ /*.3*u+ds is d*+e by de-el*3i+g/alibrati*+ /ur-es *r ea/2 /*.3*u+d usi+g t2e ty3e it a+d *rigi+2a+dli+g s3e/iied i+ t2e i+stru.e+t?s /alibrati*+ table0 "; T2e a.*u+t * /*.3*u+d i+ a sa.3le t2e /*rre/ted a.*u+t; is/al/ulated usi+g t2e e5uati*+ deter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 ;1;ii; *t2is se/ti*+ *r t2at /*.3*u+d0

8; T2e 3er/e+t +*r.ali7ed a.*u+t * a /*.3*u+d is /al/ulated usi+gt2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+:

J#RA!DI"KJTIF1KTR16FE940%%1

2ere:

AJINFK+ 3er/e+t +*r.ali7ed a.*u+t * a /*.3*u+d AJINFK/ /*rre/ted a.*u+t * t2e /*.3*u+d AJINFKs su. * all t2e /*rre/ted a.*u+ts *r all ide+tiied /*.3*u+dsi+ t2e sa.3le

E; T2e t*tal ar*.ati/s is t2e su. * all t2e 3er/e+t +*r.ali7edar*.ati/ a.*u+ts i+ t2e sa.3le0

F; T2is .et2*d all*s 5ua+tii/ati*+ * +*+(ar*.ati/ /*.3*u+ds i+t2e sa.3le0 D*e-er, /*rre/t 5ua+tii/ati*+ /a+ *+ly be a/2ie-ed i t2ei+stru.e+t?s /alibrati*+ table /a+ ide+tiy t2e /*.3*u+ds t2at areres3*+sible *r at least 9= -*lu.e 3er/e+t * t2e sa.3le a+d .eets t2e*ll*i+g 5uality /*+tr*l /riteria0

@; uality assura+/e0 i; T2e 3er*r.a+/e sta+dards ill be r*.re3eated .easure.e+t * t2e /alibrati*+ .iture, sta+dard reere+/e.aterial, *r 3r*/ess /*+tr*l gas*li+e0 T2e u+/ertai+ty i+ t2e .easuredar*.ati/s 3er/e+tages i+ t2e sta+dards .ust be less t2a+ @0% -*lu.e3er/e+t i+ t2e uel at a 9= /*+ide+/e le-el0 ii; I t2e bias * t2e sta+dard .ea+ is greater t2a+ @ * t2et2e*reti/al -alue, t2e+ t2e sta+dard .easure.e+t a+d .easure.e+ts *all sa.3les .easured subse5ue+t t* t2e 3re-i*us sta+dard .easure.e+tt2at .et t2e 3er*r.a+/e /riteria .ust be re3eated ater re(/alibrati+g



t2e i+stru.e+t0

iii; Re3li/ate sa.3les .ust be it2i+ C0% -*lu.e 3er/e+t * t2e3re-i*us sa.3le *r it2i+ @0% -*lu.e 3er/e+t * t2e .ea+ at t2e 9=/*+ide+/e le-el0

C; Alter+ati-e test .et2*d0 i; !ri*r t* <a+uary 1, 199), a+yrei+er *r i.3*rter .ay deter.i+e ar*.ati/s /*+te+t usi+g A'TM sta+dard.et2*d 8(1C19(9C, e+titled >>'ta+dard Test Met2*d *r Dydr*/arb*+ Ty3esi+ i5uid !etr*leu. !r*du/ts by Flu*res/e+t I+di/at*r Ads*r3ti*+,?? *r3ur3*ses * .eeti+g a+y testi+g re5uire.e+t i+-*l-i+g ar*.ati/s/*+te+t 3r*-ided t2at

ii; T2e rei+er *r i.3*rter test result is /*rrelated it2 t2e.et2*d s3e/iied i+ 3aragra32 ;1; * t2is se/ti*+0 g; Oyge+ a+d *yge+ate /*+te+t a+alysis0 Oyge+ a+d *yge+ate/*+te+t s2all be deter.i+ed by t2e gas /2r*.at*gra32i/ 3r*/edure usi+ga+ *yge+ate la.e i*+i7ati*+ dete/t*r #"(OFI8; as set *ut i+3aragra32s g; 1; t2r*ug2 &; * t2is se/ti*+0 1; I+tr*du/ti*+ s/*3e * a33li/ati*+0 i; T2e *ll*i+g si+gle/*lu.+,dire/t(i+e/ti*+ gas /2r*.at*gra32i/ 3r*/edure is a te/2+i5ue*r 5ua+tiyi+g t2e *yge+ate /*+te+t * gas*li+e0 ii; T2is .et2*d /*-ers t2e 5ua+titati-e deter.i+ati*+ * t2e*yge+ate /*+te+t * gas*li+e t2r*ug2 t2e use * a+ *yge+ate la.ei*+i7ati*+ dete/t*r OFI8;0 It is a33li/able t* i+di-idual *rga+i/*yge+ated /*.3*u+ds u3 t* @% .ass 3er/e+t ea/2; i+ gas*li+e 2a-i+g ai+al b*ili+g 3*i+t +*t greater t2a+ @@% deg0"0 'a.3les ab*-e t2isle-el s2*uld be diluted t* all it2i+ t2e s3e/iied ra+ge0 iii; T2e t*tal /*+/e+trati*+ * *yge+ i+ t2e gas*li+e, due t**yge+ated /*.3*+e+ts, .ay als* be deter.i+ed it2 t2is .et2*d bysu..ati*+ * all 3ea areas e/e3t *r diss*l-ed *yge+, ater, a+d t2ei+ter+al sta+dard0 'e+siti-ities t* ea/2 /*.3*+e+t *yge+ate .ust bei+/*r3*rated i+ t2e /al/ulati*+0

i-; All *yge+ated gas*li+e /*.3*+e+ts al/*2*ls, et2ers, et/0;.ay be assessed by t2is .et2*d0

-; T2e t*tal .ass 3er/e+t * *yge+ i+ t2e gas*li+e due t**yge+ated /*.3*+e+ts als* .ay be deter.i+ed it2 t2is .et2*d bysu..i+g all 3ea areas e/e3t *r diss*l-ed *yge+, ater, a+d t2ei+ter+al sta+dard0

-i; B2ere trade +a.es *r s3e/ii/ 3r*du/ts are +*ted i+ t2e.et2*d, e5ui-ale+t a33aratus a+d /2e.i/al reage+ts .ay be used0 Me+ti*+* trade +a.es *r s3e/ii/ 3r*du/ts is *r t2e assista+/e * t2e usera+d d*es +*t /*+stitute e+d*rse.e+t by t2e 0'0 E+-ir*+.e+tal!r*te/ti*+ Age+/y0



@; 'u..ary * .et2*d0 A sa.3le * gas*li+e is s3ied t* i+tr*du/ea+ i+ter+al sta+dard, .ied, a+d i+e/ted i+t* a gas /2r*.at*gra32 #";e5ui33ed it2 a+ OFI80 Ater /2r*.at*gra32i/ res*luti*+ t2e sa.3le/*.3*+e+ts e+ter a /ra/er rea/t*r i+ 2i/2 t2ey are st*i/2i*.etri/ally

/*+-erted t* /arb*+ .*+*ide i+ t2e /ase * *yge+ates;, ele.e+tal/arb*+, a+d 2ydr*ge+0 T2e /arb*+ .*+*ide t2e+ e+ters a .et2a+i7errea/t*r *r /*+-ersi*+ t* ater a+d .et2a+e0 Fi+ally, t2e .et2a+ege+erated is deter.i+ed by a la.e i*+i7ati*+ dete/t*r FI8;0 C; 'a.3le 2a+dli+g a+d 3reser-ati*+0 i; 'a.3les s2all be/*lle/ted a+d st*red i+ /*+tai+ers 2i/2 ill 3r*te/t t2e. r*. /2a+gesi+ t2e *yge+ated /*.3*+e+t /*+te+ts * t2e gas*li+e, su/2 as l*ss *-*latile ra/ti*+s * t2e gas*li+e by e-a3*rati*+0 ii; I sa.3les 2a-e bee+ rerigerated t2ey s2all be br*ug2t t*r**. te.3erature 3ri*r t* a+alysis0

iii; #as*li+e is etre.ely la..able a+d s2*uld be 2a+dled/auti*usly a+d it2 ade5uate -e+tilati*+0 T2e -a3*rs are 2ar.ul ii+2aled a+d 3r*l*+ged breat2i+g * -a3*rs s2*uld be a-*ided0 'i+/*+ta/t s2*uld be .i+i.i7ed0

4; A33aratus0 i; A #" e5ui33ed it2 a+ *yge+ate la.e i*+i7ati*+dete/t*r0

ii; A+ aut*sa.3ler *r t2e #" is 2ig2ly re/*..e+ded0 iii; A 6%(. le+gt2, %0@=(.. I8, 10%(Jgree(.K. il. t2i/+ess,+*+3*lar /a3illary #" /*lu.+ <UB 8(1 *r e5ui-ale+t; is re/*..e+ded0 i-; A+ i+tegrat*r *r *t2er a//e3table syste. t* /*lle/t a+d3r*/ess t2e #" sig+al0

-; A 3*siti-e dis3la/e.e+t 3i3et @%% Jgree(.K; *r addi+g t2ei+ter+al sta+dard0

=; Reage+ts a+d .aterials0 #as*li+e a+d .a+y * t2e *yge+ateadditi-es are etre.ely la..able a+d .ay be t*i/ *-er 3r*l*+gede3*sure0 Met2a+*l is 3arti/ularly 2a7ard*us0 !ers*+s 3er*r.i+g t2is3r*/edure .ust be a.iliar it2 t2e /2e.i/als i+-*l-ed a+d all3re/auti*+s a33li/able t* ea/20

i; Reage+t grade *yge+ates *r i+ter+al sta+dards a+d *r3re3arati*+ * sta+dard s*luti*+s0

ii; 'u33ly * *yge+ate(ree gas*li+e *r bla+ assess.e+ts a+d*r 3re3arati*+ * sta+dard s*luti*+s0 iii; "alibrati*+ sta+dard s*luti*+s /*+tai+i+g +*+ 5ua+tities *sus3e/ted *yge+ates i+ gas*li+e0



i-; "alibrati*+ /2e/ sta+dard s*luti*+s 3re3ared i+ t2e sa.e.a++er as t2e /alibrati*+ sta+dards0

-; Reere+/e sta+dard s*luti*+s /*+tai+i+g +*+ 5ua+tities *sus3e/ted *yge+ates i+ gas*li+e0

-i; #lass sta+dard a+d test sa.3le /*+tai+ers betee+ = a+d 1%%Ml /a3a/ity; itted it2 a sel(seali+g 3*lytetralu*r*et2le+e !TFE;a/ed rubber se3tu. /ri.3(*+ *r s/re(d*+ seali+g /a3 *r 3re3arati*+* sta+dards a+d sa.3les0

6; "alibrati*+0((i;A; "alibrati*+ sta+dards * reage+t(grade *rbetter *yge+ates su/2 as .et2a+*l, abs*lute et2a+*l, .et2yl t(butylet2er MTE;, di(i(3r*3yl et2er 8I!E;, et2yl t(butyl et2er ETE;, a+dt(a.yl .et2yl et2er TAME;; are t* be 3re3ared gra-i.etri/ally byble+di+g it2 gas*li+e t2at 2as bee+ 3re-i*usly deter.i+ed by #"LOFI8t* be ree * *yge+ates0 Nely a/5uired st*/s * reage+t grade*yge+ates s2all be a+aly7ed *r /*+ta.i+ati*+ by #"LFI8 a+d #"LOFI8be*re use0

; Re5uired /alibrati*+ sta+dards 3er/e+t by -*lu.e i+ gas*li+e;:

Nu.ber * Ra+ge sta+dards Oyge+ate 3er/e+t; .i+i.u.;

Met2a+*l0000000000000000000000000000000000000 %0@=(1@0%% =Et2a+*l00000000000000000000000000000000000000 %0@=(1@0%% =t(uta+*l000000000000000000000000000000000000 %0@=(1@0%% =MTE00000000000000000000000000000000000000000 %0@=(1=0%% =

ii; Tae a glass sa.3le /*+tai+er a+d its !TFE a/ed rubber se3tu.seali+g /a30 Tra+ser a 5ua+tity * a+ *yge+ate t* t2e sa.3le/*+tai+er a+d re/*rd t2e .ass * t2e *yge+ate t* t2e +earest %01 .g0Re3eat t2is 3r*/ess *r a+y additi*+al *yge+ates * i+terest e/e3tt2e i+ter+al sta+dard0 Add *yge+ate(ree gas*li+e t* dilute t2e*yge+ates t* t2e desired /*+/e+trati*+0 Re/*rd t2e .ass * gas*li+eadded t* t2e +earest %01 .g, a+d deter.i+e a+d label t2e sta+darda//*rdi+g t* t2e .ass 3er/e+t 5ua+tities * ea/2 *yge+ate added0 T2esesta+dards are +*t t* e/eed @% .ass 3er/e+t *r a+y i+di-idual 3ure



/*.3*+e+t due t* 3*te+tial 2ydr*/arb*+ breat2r*ug2 a+dL*r l*ss */alibrati*+ li+earity0

iii; I+e/t a 5ua+tity * a+ i+ter+al sta+dard su/2 as @(buta+*l;a+d eig2 t2e /*+te+ts agai+0 Re/*rd t2e diere+/e i+ .asses as t2e

.ass * i+ter+al sta+dard t* t2e +earest %01 .g0 T2e .ass * t2ei+ter+al sta+dard s2all a.*u+t t* betee+ @ a+d 6 3er/e+t * t2e .ass* t2e test sa.3le sta+dard;0 T2e additi*+ * a+ i+ter+al sta+dardredu/es err*rs /aused by -ariati*+s i+ i+e/ti*+ -*lu.es0 i-; E+sure t2at t2e 3re3ared sta+dard is t2*r*ug2ly .ied a+dtra+ser a33r*i.ately @ Ml * t2e s*luti*+ t* a -ial /*.3atible it2t2e aut*sa.3ler i su/2 e5ui3.e+t is used0 -; At least i-e /*+/e+trati*+s * ea/2 * t2e e3e/ted *yge+atess2*uld be 3re3ared0 T2e sta+dards s2*uld be as e5ually s3a/ed as3*ssible it2i+ t2e ra+ge a+d .ay /*+tai+ .*re t2a+ *+e *yge+ate0 Abla+ *r 7er* /*+/e+trati*+ assess.e+ts is als* t* be i+/luded0

Additi*+al sta+dards s2*uld be 3re3ared *r *t2er *yge+ates */*+/er+0

-i; ased *+ t2e re/*..e+ded /2r*.at*gra32i/ *3erati+g /*+diti*+ss3e/iied i+ 3aragra32 g;);i; * t2is se/ti*+, deter.i+e t2erete+ti*+ ti.e * ea/2 *yge+ate /*.3*+e+t by a+aly7i+g dilute ali5u*tseit2er se3arately *r i+ +*+ .itures0 Reere+/e s2*uld be .ade t* t2e"2e.i/al Abstra/ts 'er-i/e "A'; registry +u.ber * ea/2 * t2ea+alytes *r 3r*3er ide+tii/ati*+0 A33r*i.ate rete+ti*+ ti.es *rsele/ted *yge+ates u+der t2ese /*+diti*+s are as *ll*s:

Rete+ti*+ ti.e

Oyge+ate "A' .i+utes;

8iss*l-ed *yge+00000000000000000000000000000 ))&@(44() =0=%Bater0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 ))C@(1&(= )0@%Met2a+*l0000000000000000000000000000000000000 6)(=6(1 901%Et2a+*l00000000000000000000000000000000000000 64(1)(= 1@06%!r*3a+*+e000000000000000000000000000000000000 6)(64(1 1=0%%@(!r*3a+*l00000000000000000000000000000000000 6)(6C(% 1=0)%t(uta+*l000000000000000000000000000000000000 )=(6=(% 1&0%%+(!r*3a+*l00000000000000000000000000000000000 )1(@C(& @101%MTE00000000000000000000000000000000000000000 16C4(%4(4 @C0&%@(uta+*l000000000000000000000000000000000000 1=&9@(@C(6 @60C%i(uta+*l000000000000000000000000000000000000 )&(&C(1 C%0C%



ETE00000000000000000000000000000000000000000 6C)(9@(C C101%+(uta+*l000000000000000000000000000000000000 )1(C6(C CC0=%TAME00000000000000000000000000000000000000000 994(%=(& C=0C%i(!e+ta+*l00000000000000000000000000000000000 1C)(C@(6 C&01%

-ii; y #"LOFI8 a+alysis, deter.i+e t2e 3ea area * ea/2*yge+ate a+d * t2e i+ter+al sta+dard0 -iii; Obtai+ a /alibrati*+ /ur-e by 3er*r.i+g a least(s5uares it* t2e relati-e area res3*+se a/t*rs * t2e *yge+ate sta+dards t*t2eir relati-e .ass res3*+se a/t*rs as *ll*s:

RJINFKa*bJINFK*RJINFK.*QbJINFK1RJINFK.*;J'!K@

2ere:

RJINFKa* relati-e area res3*+se a/t*r * t2e *yge+ate, AJINFK*L AJINFKi

RJINFK.* relati-e .ass res3*+se a/t*r * t2e *yge+ate, MJgree(*KLMJINFKi

AJINFK* area * t2e *yge+ate 3ea AJINFKi area * t2e i+ter+al sta+dard 3eaMJINFK* .ass * t2e *yge+ate added t* t2e /alibrati*+ sta+dardMJINFKi .ass * i+ter+al sta+dard added t* t2e /alibrati*+ sta+dardbJINFK% li+ear regressi*+ /*ei/ie+tbJINFK1 5uadrati/ regressi*+ /*ei/ie+t

); !r*/edure0 i; #" *3erati+g /*+diti*+s: A; Oyge+ate(ree 2eliu. /arrier gas: 101 MlL.i+ @ bar;, @@0) /.Lse/ at 11= deg0"

; "arrier gas s3lit rati*: 1:1%% "; Her* air FI8 uel: C)% MlL.i+ @ bar; 8; Oyge+ate ree 2ydr*ge+ FI8 uel: 1= MlL.i+ @ bar; E; I+e/t*r te.3erature: @=% deg0" F; I+e/ti*+ -*lu.e: %0= Jgree(.K #; "ra/er rea/t*r te.3erature: sui/ie+tly 2ig2 e+*ug2te.3erature t* e+sure redu/ti*+ * all 2ydr*/arb*+s t* t2e ele.e+talstates i0e0, "JINFKDJINFK@ (K " Q DJINFK@, et/0; D; FI8 te.3erature: 4%% deg0" a+d I; O-e+ te.3erature 3r*gra.: 4% deg0" *r 6 .i+, *ll*ed by ate.3erature i+/rease * = deg0"L.i+ t* =% deg0", 2*ld at =% deg0"*r = .i+, *ll*ed by a te.3erature i+/rease * @= deg0"L.i+ t* 1)=deg0", a+d 2*ld at 1)= deg0" *r @ .i+0



ii; !ri*r t* a+alysis * a+y sa.3les, i+e/t a sa.3le **yge+ate(ree gas*li+e i+t* t2e #" t* test *r 2ydr*/arb*+breat2r*ug2 *-erl*adi+g t2e /ra/er rea/t*r0 I breat2r*ug2 *//urs,t2e OFI8 is +*t *3erati+g ee/ti-ely a+d .ust be /*rre/ted be*resa.3les /a+ be a+aly7ed0

iii; !re3are gas*li+e test sa.3les *r a+alysis as *ll*s: A; Tare a glass sa.3le /*+tai+er a+d its !TFE a/ed rubber se3tu.seali+g /a30 Tra+ser a 5ua+tity * t2e gas*li+e sa.3le t* t2e sa.3le/*+tai+er a+d re/*rd t2e .ass * t2e tra+serred sa.3le t* t2e +earest%01 .g0

; I+e/t a 5ua+tity * t2e sa.e i+ter+al sta+dard su/2 as @(buta+*l; used i+ ge+erati+g t2e sta+dards a+d eig2 t2e /*+te+ts agai+0Re/*rd t2e diere+/e i+ .asses as t2e .ass * i+ter+al sta+dard t* t2e+earest %01 .g0 T2e .ass * t2e i+ter+al sta+dard s2all a.*u+t t*betee+ @ a+d 6 3er/e+t * t2e .ass * t2e test sa.3le sta+dard;0 T2eadditi*+ * a+ i+ter+al sta+dard redu/es err*rs /aused by -ariati*+s i+i+e/ti*+ -*lu.es0

"; E+sure t2at t2is test sa.3le gas*li+e 3lus i+ter+al sta+dard;is t2*r*ug2ly .ied a+d tra+ser a33r*i.ately @ . * t2e s*luti*+ t*a -ial /*.3atible it2 t2e aut*sa.3ler i su/2 e5ui3.e+t is used0 i-; Ater #"LOFI8 a+alysis, ide+tiy t2e *yge+ates i+ t2e sa.3lebased *+ rete+ti*+ ti.es, deter.i+e t2e 3ea area * ea/2 *yge+ate a+d* t2e i+ter+al sta+dard, a+d /al/ulate t2e relati-e area res3*+sea/t*r *r ea/2 *yge+ate0

-; M*+it*r t2e 3ea area * t2e i+ter+al sta+dard0 A larger t2a+e3e/ted 3ea area *r t2e i+ter+al sta+dard 2e+ a+aly7i+g a testsa.3le .ay i+di/ate t2at t2is *yge+ate is 3rese+t i+ t2e *rigi+alsa.3le0 !re3are a +e ali5u*t * t2e sa.3le it2*ut additi*+ * t2e*yge+ate i+ter+al sta+dard0 I t2e 3rese+/e * t2e *yge+ate3re-i*usly used as t2e i+ter+al sta+dard /a+ be dete/ted, t2e+ eit2er: A; T2e /*+/e+trati*+ * t2is *yge+ate .ust be assessed by t2e.et2*d * sta+dard additi*+s *r

; A+ alter+ati-e i+ter+al sta+dard, based *+ a+ *yge+ate t2at is+*t 3rese+t i+ t2e *rigi+al sa.3le, .ust be utili7ed it2 +e/alibrati*+ /ur-es0

-i; "al/ulate t2e relati-e .ass res3*+se a/t*r RJINFK.*; *rea/2 *yge+ate based *+ t2e relati-e area res3*+se a/t*r RJINFKa*;a+d t2e /alibrati*+ e5uati*+ i+ 3aragra32 g;6;-iii; * t2is se/ti*+0 -ii; "al/ulate t2e .ass 3er/e+t * t2e *yge+ate i+ t2e testsa.3le a//*rdi+g t* t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+:



J#RA!DI"KJTIF@KTR16FE940%%@

2ere:

MJINFK* .ass 3er/e+t * t2e *yge+ate i+ t2e test sa.3le

MJINFKs .ass * sa.3le t* 2i/2 i+ter+al sta+dard is added

-iii; I t2e .ass 3er/e+t e/eeds t2e /alibrated ra+ge,gra-i.etri/ally dilute a 3*rti*+ * t2e *rigi+al sa.3le t* a/*+/e+trati*+ it2i+ t2e /alibrati*+ ra+ge a+d a+aly7e t2is sa.3lestarti+g it2 3aragra32 g;);iii; * t2is se/ti*+0 i; Re3*rt t2e t*tal eig2t 3er/e+t *yge+ as *ll*s: A; 'ubtra/t t2e 3ea areas due t* diss*l-ed *yge+, ater, a+d t2ei+ter+al sta+dard r*. t2e t*tal su..ed 3ea areas * t2e /2r*.at*gra.0 ; Assu.e t2e t*tal su..ed 3ea area s*lely due t* *+e * t2e*yge+ates t2at t2e i+stru.e+t is /alibrated *r a+d deter.i+e t2et*tal .ass 3er/e+t as t2at *yge+ate based *+ 3aragra32 g;);-ii; *t2is se/ti*+0 F*r si.3li/ity, /2*se a+ *yge+ate 2a-i+g *+e *yge+ at*.3er .*le/ule0

"; Multi3ly t2is /*+/e+trati*+ by t2e .*lar .ass * *yge+ a+ddi-ide by t2e .*lar .ass * t2e /2*se+ *yge+ate t* deter.i+e t2e .ass3er/e+t *yge+ i+ t2e sa.3le0 F*r ea.3le, i t2e t*tal 3ea area isbased *+ MTE, .ulti3ly by 160%% t2e .*lar .ass * at*.i/ *yge+; a+ddi-ide by &&01= t2e .*lar .ass * MTE;0 ; 'ui/ie+t sa.3le s2*uld be retai+ed t* 3er.it rea+alysis0 &; uality /*+tr*l 3r*/edures a+d a//ura/y0 i; T2e lab*rat*rys2all r*uti+ely .*+it*r t2e re3eatability 3re/isi*+; * its a+alyses0T2e re/*..e+dati*+s are:

A; T2e 3re3arati*+ a+d a+alysis * lab*rat*ry du3li/ates at a rate* *+e 3er a+alysis bat/2 *r at least *+e 3er te+ sa.3les, 2i/2e-er is.*re re5ue+t0 ; ab*rat*ry du3li/ates s2all be /arried t2r*ug2 all sa.3le3re3arati*+ ste3s i+de3e+de+tly0 "; T2e ra+ge R; *r du3li/ate sa.3les s2*uld be less t2a+ t2e*ll*i+g li.its:

"*+/e+trati*+ 33er li.it *r

Oyge+ate .ass 3er/e+t ra+ge .ass 3er/e+t

Met2a+*l000000000000000000000000000 %0@)(10%) %0%1%Q%0%4C"Met2a+*l000000000000000000000000000 10%)(1@0)C %0%=C"



Et2a+*l0000000000000000000000000000 10%1(1@0)% %0%=C"MTE0000000000000000000000000000000 %0@=(1=0%% %0%69Q%0%@9"8I!E0000000000000000000000000000000 %09&(1)0)% %0%4&"ETE0000000000000000000000000000000 10%%(1&0%4 %0%)4"TAME0000000000000000000000000000000 10%4(1&0=9 %0%6%"

2ere:

""JINFK*Q"JINFKd;L@

"JINFK*/*+/e+trati*+ * t2e *rigi+al sa.3le"JINFKd/*+/e+trati*+ * t2e du3li/ate sa.3leRRa+ge, X"JINFK*("JINFKdX

8; I t2e li.its i+ 3aragra32 g;&;i;"; * t2is se/ti*+ aree/eeded, t2e s*ur/es * err*r i+ t2e a+alysis s2*uld be deter.i+ed,/*rre/ted, a+d all a+alyses subse5ue+t t* a+d i+/ludi+g t2e lastdu3li/ate a+alysis /*+ir.ed t* be it2i+ t2e /*.3lia+/e s3e/ii/ati*+s.ust be re3eated0 T2e s3e/ii/ati*+ li.its *r t2e ra+ge a+d relati-era+ge * du3li/ate a+alyses are .i+i.u. 3er*r.a+/e re5uire.e+ts0 T2e3er*r.a+/e * i+di-idual lab*rat*ries .ay i+deed be better t2a+ t2ese.i+i.u. re5uire.e+ts0 F*r t2is reas*+ it is re/*..e+ded t2at /*+tr*l/2arts be utili7ed t* .*+it*r t2e -ariability * .easure.e+ts i+ *rdert* *3ti.ally dete/t ab+*r.al situati*+s a+d e+sure a stable .easure.e+t3r*/ess0

E; 1; F*r reere+/e 3ur3*ses, a si+gle lab*rat*ry study *re3eatability as /*+du/ted *+ a33r*i.ately @) re3li/ates at ea/2 *i-e /*+/e+trati*+s *r ea/2 *yge+ate0 T2e -ariati*+ * MTE a+alysesas .easured by sta+dard de-iati*+ as -ery li+ear it2 res3e/t t*/*+/e+trati*+0 B2ere /*+/e+trati*+ is e3ressed as .ass 3er/e+t, *-ert2e /*+/e+trati*+ ra+ge * %0@= t* 1=0% .ass 3er/e+t t2is relati*+s2i3is des/ribed by t2e e5uati*+:

sta+dard de-iati*+%0%%)&4 "Q%0%1&)

@; T2e *t2er *yge+ates * i+terest, .et2a+*l, et2a+*l, 8I!E,ETE, a+d TAME, 2ad /*+siste+t /*ei/ie+ts * -ariati*+ at *+e .ass3er/e+t a+d ab*-e:

"*ei/ie+t *

Oyge+ate "*+/e+trati*+ -ariati*+



.ass 3er/e+t 3er/e+t * 3*i+t

Met2a+*l00000000000000000000000000000000000 10%)(1@0)C 104CEt2a+*l000000000000000000000000000000000000 10%1(1@0)% 104C8I!E000000000000000000000000000000000000000 %09&(1)0)% 10@9ETE000000000000000000000000000000000000000 10%%(1&0%4 @0%%TAME000000000000000000000000000000000000000 10%4(1&0=9 106@

C; T2e relati*+s2i3 * sta+dard de-iati*+ a+d /*+/e+trati*+ *r.et2a+*l betee+ %0@) a+d 10%) .ass 3er/e+t as -ery li+ear a+d isdes/ribed by t2e e5uati*+:

sta+dard de-iati*+%0%11& "Q%0%%@)

4; ased *+ t2ese relati*+s2i3s, re3eatability *r t2e sele/ted*yge+ates at @0% a+d @0) .ass 3er/e+t *yge+ ere deter.i+ed t* be as*ll*s, 2ere re3eatability is dei+ed as t2e 2al idt2 * t2e 9=3er/e+t /*+ide+/e i+ter-al i0e0, 1096 sta+dard de-iati*+s; *r asi+gle a+alysis at t2e stated /*+/e+trati*+:

"*+/e+trati*+((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((

Mass Re3eatability

Oyge+ate Mass 3er/e+t V*lu.e .ass 3er/e+t 3er/e+t *yge+ate 3er/e+t

*yge+ *yge+ate

Met2a+*l00000000000000000 @0% 40%% C0)= %011Et2a+*l000000000000000000 @0% =0)= =041 %016MTE000000000000000000000 @0%% 110%% 110%% %0@18I!E000000000000000000000 @0% 1@0)) 1C0%% %0C@ETE000000000000000000000 @0% 1@0)) 1@0)4 %0=%TAME000000000000000000000 @0% 1@0)) 1@0CC %041Met2a+*l00000000000000000 @0) =04% =0%) %01=Et2a+*l000000000000000000 @0) )0)6 )0C1 %0@1MTE000000000000000000000 @0) 140&& 140&& %0@68I!E000000000000000000000 @0) 1)0@4 1)0=C %04C



ETE000000000000000000000 @0) 1)0@4 1)0@% %06)TAME000000000000000000000 @0) 1)0@4 1606& %0==

ii; T2e lab*rat*ry s2all r*uti+ely .*+it*r t2e a//ura/y * itsa+alyses0 T2e re/*..e+dati*+s are:

A; "alibrati*+ /2e/ sta+dards a+d /alibrati*+ sta+dards .ay be3re3ared r*. t2e sa.e *yge+ate st*/s a+d by t2e sa.e a+alyst0D*e-er, /alibrati*+ /2e/ sta+dards a+d /alibrati*+ sta+dards .ust be3re3ared r*. se3arate bat/2es * t2e i+al diluted sta+dards0 F*r t2es3e/ii/ati*+ li.its listed i+ 3aragra32 g;&;ii;"; * t2is se/ti*+,t2e /*+/e+trati*+ * t2e /2e/ sta+dards s2*uld be i+ t2e ra+ge gi-e+i+ 3aragra32 g;&;i;"; * t2is se/ti*+0 ; "alibrati*+ /2e/ sta+dards s2all be a+aly7ed at a rate * atleast *+e 3er a+alysis bat/2 a+d at least *+e 3er 1% sa.3les, 2i/2e-eris .*re re5ue+t0

"; I t2e .easured /*+/e+trati*+ * a /alibrati*+ /2e/ sta+dardis *utside t2e ra+ge * 1%%0% J3lus(.i+usK60% * t2e t2e*reti/al/*+/e+trati*+ *r a sele/ted *yge+ate * 10% .ass 3er/e+t *r ab*-e,t2e s*ur/es * err*r i+ t2e a+alysis s2*uld be deter.i+ed, /*rre/ted,a+d all a+alyses subse5ue+t t* a+d i+/ludi+g t2e last sta+dard a+alysis/*+ir.ed t* be it2i+ t2e /*.3lia+/e s3e/ii/ati*+s .ust be re3eated0T2e s3e/ii/ati*+ li.its *r t2e a//ura/y * /alibrati*+ /2e/sta+dards a+alyses are .i+i.u. 3er*r.a+/e re5uire.e+ts0 T2e3er*r.a+/e * i+di-idual lab*rat*ries .ay i+deed be better t2a+ t2ese.i+i.u. re5uire.e+ts0 F*r t2is reas*+ it is re/*..e+ded t2at /*+tr*l/2arts be utili7ed t* .*+it*r t2e -ariability * .easure.e+ts i+ *rdert* *3ti.ally dete/t ab+*r.al situati*+s a+d e+sure a stable .easure.e+t3r*/ess0

8; I+de3e+de+t reere+/e sta+dards s2*uld be 3ur/2ased *r 3re3aredr*. .aterials t2at are i+de3e+de+t * t2e /alibrati*+ sta+dards a+d/alibrati*+ /2e/ sta+dards, a+d .ust +*t be 3re3ared by t2e sa.ea+alyst0 F*r t2e s3e/ii/ati*+ li.its listed i+ 3aragra32 g;&;ii;F;* t2is se/ti*+, t2e /*+/e+trati*+ * t2e reere+/e sta+dards s2*uld bei+ t2e ra+ge gi-e+ i+ 3aragra32 g;&;i;"; * t2is se/ti*+0 E; I+de3e+de+t reere+/e sta+dards s2all be a+aly7ed at a rate *at least *+e 3er a+alysis bat/2 a+d at least *+e 3er 1%% sa.3les,2i/2e-er is .*re re5ue+t0

F; I t2e .easured /*+/e+trati*+ * a+ i+de3e+de+t reere+/esta+dard is *utside t2e ra+ge * 1%%0% J3lus(.i+usK1%0% * t2et2e*reti/al /*+/e+trati*+ *r a sele/ted *yge+ate * 10% .ass 3er/e+t*r ab*-e, t2e s*ur/es * err*r i+ t2e a+alysis s2*uld be deter.i+ed,



/*rre/ted, a+d all a+alyses subse5ue+t t* a+d i+/ludi+g t2e lasti+de3e+de+t reere+/e sta+dard a+alysis /*+ir.ed t* be it2i+ t2e/*.3lia+/e s3e/ii/ati*+s i+ t2at bat/2 .ust be re3eated0 T2es3e/ii/ati*+ li.its *r t2e a//ura/y * i+de3e+de+t reere+/esta+dards a+alyses are .i+i.u. 3er*r.a+/e re5uire.e+ts0 T2e

3er*r.a+/e * i+di-idual lab*rat*ries .ay be better t2a+ t2ese .i+i.u.re5uire.e+ts0 F*r t2is reas*+ it is re/*..e+ded t2at /*+tr*l /2arts beutili7ed t* .*+it*r t2e -ariability * .easure.e+ts i+ *rder t**3ti.ally dete/t ab+*r.al situati*+s a+d e+sure a stable .easure.e+t3r*/ess0

#; T2e 3re3arati*+ a+d a+alysis * s3ied sa.3les at a rate * *+e3er a+alysis bat/2 a+d at least *+e 3er te+ sa.3les0 D; '3ied sa.3les s2all be 3re3ared by addi+g a -*lu.e * asta+dard t* a +*+ -*lu.e * sa.3le0 T* e+sure ade5uate .et2*ddete/ti*+ li.its, t2e -*lu.e * t2e sta+dard added t* t2e sa.3le s2allbe li.ited t* = *r less t2a+ t2e -*lu.e * t2e sa.3le0 T2e s3iedsa.3le s2all be /arried t2r*ug2 t2e sa.e sa.3le 3re3arati*+ ste3s ast2e ba/gr*u+d sa.3le0

I; T2e 3er/e+t re/*-ery * t2e s3ied sa.3le s2all be /al/ulatedas *ll*s:

J#RA!DI"KJTIFCKTR16FE940%%C

2ere:

VJINFK*V*lu.e * sa.3le Ml;

VJINFKlV*lu.e * s3ii+g sta+dard added Ml;"JINFK.Measured /*+/e+trati*+ * s3ied sa.3le"JINFK*Measured ba/gr*u+d /*+/e+trati*+ * sa.3le"JINFKsG+*+ /*+/e+trati*+ * s3ii+g sta+dard

<; I t2e 3er/e+t re/*-ery * a+y i+di-idual s3ied sa.3le is*utside t2e ra+ge 1%% J3lus(.i+usK1% r*. t2e t2e*reti/al/*+/e+trati*+, t2e+ t2e s*ur/es * err*r i+ t2e a+alysis .ust bedeter.i+ed a+d /*rre/ted, a+d all a+alyses subse5ue+t t* a+d i+/ludi+gt2e last a+alysis /*+ir.ed t* be it2i+ t2e /*.3lia+/e s3e/ii/ati*+s.ust be re3eated0 T2e .ai+te+a+/e * /*+tr*l /2arts is *+e a//e3table.et2*d *r e+suri+g /*.3lia+/e it2 t2is s3e/ii/ati*+0 G; 1; Eit2er t2e ra+ge abs*lute diere+/e; *r relati-e ra+gebut +*t +e/essarily b*t2; *r du3li/ate sa.3les s2all be less t2a+ t2e*ll*i+g li.its:



Relati-e "*+/e+trati*+ ra+ge

Oyge+ate -*lu.e Ra+ge -*lu.e 3er/e+t; 3er/e+t;

Met2a+*l000000000000000000000000000000 10%(1@0% 0000000 )0@Et2a+*l0000000000000000000000000000000 C0%(1@0% 0000000 )01t(uta+*l00000000000000000000000000000 C0%(1@0% 0000000 904

MTE.................................. .5=1&.5 5.&& 4.%

@; Relati-e ra+ge is /al/ulated as *ll*s:


2ere:

RJINFKrrelati-e ra+ge

Rra+ge

"JINFK*/*+/e+trati*+ * t2e *rigi+al sa.3le"JINFKd/*+/e+trati*+ * t2e du3li/ate sa.3le

C; I t2e li.its i+ 3aragra32 g;&;ii;G;1; * t2is se/ti*+ aree/eeded, t2e s*ur/es * err*r i+ t2e a+alysis s2*uld be deter.i+ed,/*rre/ted, a+d all a+alyses subse5ue+t t* a+d i+/ludi+g t2e lastdu3li/ate a+alysis /*+ir.ed t* be it2i+ t2e /*.3lia+/e s3e/ii/ati*+s.ust be re3eated0 T2e s3e/ii/ati*+ li.its *r t2e ra+ge a+d relati-era+ge * du3li/ate a+alyses are .i+i.u. 3er*r.a+/e re5uire.e+ts0 T2e3er*r.a+/e * i+di-idual lab*rat*ries .ay i+deed be better t2a+ t2ese.i+i.u. re5uire.e+ts0 F*r t2is reas*+ it is re/*..e+ded t2at /*+tr*l/2arts be utili7ed t* .*+it*r t2e -ariability * .easure.e+ts i+ *rdert* *3ti.ally dete/t ab+*r.al situati*+s a+d e+sure a stable .easure.e+t3r*/ess0 F*r reere+/e 3ur3*ses, a si+gle lab*rat*ry study * 3re/isi*+a33r*i.ately C= re3li/ates; yielded t2e *ll*i+g esti.ates * .et2*d3re/isi*+:

"*+/e+trati*+ Re3eatability

Oyge+ate eig2t -*lu.e !er/e+t;



3er/e+t; 3er/e+t;

Met2a+*l00000000000000000000000 @0% C0) %011

Et2a+*l000000000000000000000000 @0% =04 %0@4t(uta+*l0000000000000000000000 @0% &0& %0C9MTE000000000000000000000000000 @0% 110% %0C)

4; Re3eatability is dei+ed as t2e 2al idt2 * t2e 9= 3er/e+t/*+ide+/e i+ter-al *r a si+gle a+alysis at t2e stated /*+/e+trati*+0 iii; T2e lab*rat*ry s2all r*uti+ely .*+it*r t2e a//ura/y * itsa+alyses0 At a .i+i.u. t2is s2all i+/lude: A; "alibrati*+ /2e/ sta+dards a+d /alibrati*+ sta+dards .ay be3re3ared r*. t2e sa.e *yge+ate st*/s a+d by t2e sa.e a+alyst0D*e-er, /alibrati*+ /2e/ sta+dards a+d /alibrati*+ sta+dards .ust be3re3ared r*. se3arate bat/2es * t2e i+al diluted sta+dards0 F*r t2es3e/ii/ati*+ li.its listed i+ 3aragra32 g;&;iii;"; * t2isse/ti*+, t2e /*+/e+trati*+ * t2e /2e/ sta+dards s2*uld be i+ t2era+ge gi-e+ i+ 3aragra32 g;&;iii;"; * t2is se/ti*+0 ; "alibrati*+ /2e/ sta+dards s2all be a+aly7ed at a rate * *+e3er a+alysis bat/2 *r at least *+e 3er te+ sa.3les, 2i/2e-er is .*rere5ue+t0

"; I t2e .easured /*+/e+trati*+ * a /alibrati*+ /2e/ sta+dardis *utside t2e ra+ge * 1%%J3lus(.i+usK1% 3er/e+t * t2e t2e*reti/al/*+/e+trati*+ *r .et2a+*l a+d et2a+*l, *r 1%%J3lus(.i+usK1C *r tbuta+*la+d MTE, t2e s*ur/es * err*r i+ t2e a+alysis s2*uld bedeter.i+ed, /*rre/ted, a+d all a+alyses subse5ue+t t* a+d i+/ludi+g t2elast sta+dard a+alysis /*+ir.ed t* be it2i+ t2e /*.3lia+/es3e/ii/ati*+s .ust be re3eated0 T2e s3e/ii/ati*+ li.its *r t2ea//ura/y * /alibrati*+ /2e/ sta+dards a+alyses are .i+i.u.3er*r.a+/e re5uire.e+ts0 T2e 3er*r.a+/e * i+di-idual lab*rat*ries.ay i+deed be better t2a+ t2ese .i+i.u. re5uire.e+ts0 F*r t2is reas*+it is re/*..e+ded t2at /*+tr*l /2arts be utili7ed t* .*+it*r t2e-ariability * .easure.e+ts i+ *rder t* *3ti.ally dete/t ab+*r.alsituati*+s a+d e+sure a stable .easure.e+t 3r*/ess0 8; I+de3e+de+t reere+/e sta+dards s2all be 3ur/2ased *r 3re3aredr*. .aterials t2at are i+de3e+de+t * t2e /alibrati*+ sta+dards a+d/alibrati*+ /2e/ sta+dards, a+d .ust +*t be 3re3ared by t2e sa.ea+alyst0 F*r t2e s3e/ii/ati*+ li.its listed i+ 3aragra32g;&;iii;F; * t2is se/ti*+, t2e /*+/e+trati*+ * t2e reere+/esta+dards s2*uld be i+ t2e ra+ge gi-e+ i+ 3aragra32 g;&;iii;"; *t2is se/ti*+0



E; I+de3e+de+t reere+/e sta+dards s2all be a+aly7ed at a rate **+e 3er a+alysis bat/2 *r at least *+e 3er 1%% sa.3les, 2i/2e-er is.*re re5ue+t0

F; I t2e .easured /*+/e+trati*+ * a+ i+de3e+de+t reere+/e

sta+dard is *utside t2e ra+ge * 1%%J3lus(.i+usK1% * t2e t2e*reti/al/*+/e+trati*+ *r .et2a+*l a+d et2a+*l, *r 1%%J3lus(.i+usK1C *r tbuta+*la+d MTE, t2e s*ur/es * err*r i+ t2e a+alysis s2*uld bedeter.i+ed, /*rre/ted, a+d all a+alyses subse5ue+t t* a+d i+/ludi+g t2elast i+de3e+de+t reere+/e sta+dard a+alysis /*+ir.ed t* be it2i+ t2e/*.3lia+/e s3e/ii/ati*+s i+ t2at bat/2 .ust be re3eated0 T2es3e/ii/ati*+ li.its *r t2e a//ura/y * i+de3e+de+t reere+/esta+dards a+alyses are .i+i.u. 3er*r.a+/e re5uire.e+ts0 T2e3er*r.a+/e * i+di-idual lab*rat*ries .ay i+deed be better t2a+ t2ese.i+i.u. re5uire.e+ts0 F*r t2is reas*+ it is re/*..e+ded t2at /*+tr*l/2arts be utili7ed t* .*+it*r t2e -ariability * .easure.e+ts i+ *rdert* *3ti.ally dete/t ab+*r.al situati*+s a+d e+sure a stable .easure.e+t3r*/ess0

#; I .atri ee/ts are sus3e/ted, t2e+ s3ied sa.3les s2all be3re3ared a+d a+aly7ed as *ll*s:

1; '3ied sa.3les s2all be 3re3ared by addi+g a -*lu.e * asta+dard t* a +*+ -*lu.e * sa.3le0 T* e+sure ade5uate .et2*ddete/ti*+ li.its, t2e -*lu.e * t2e sta+dard added t* t2e sa.3le s2*uldbe .i+i.i7ed t* = *r less * t2e -*lu.e * t2e sa.3le0 T2e s3iedsa.3le s2*uld be /arried t2r*ug2 t2e sa.e sa.3le 3re3arati*+ ste3s ast2e ba/gr*u+d sa.3le0

@; T2e 3er/e+t re/*-ery * s3ied sa.3les s2*uld be /al/ulated as*ll*s:

J#RA!DI"KJTIF=KTR16FE940%%=

2ere:

"JINFK//*+/e+trati*+ * s3ied sa.3le"JINFK*/*+/e+trati*+ * sa.3le it2*ut s3ii+g"JINFKs+*+ /*+/e+trati*+ * s3ii+g sta+dardVJINFK*-*lu.e * sa.3le

VJINFKs-*lu.e * s3ii+g sta+dard added t* t2e sa.3le C; I t2e 3er/e+t re/*-ery * a s3ied sa.3le is *utside t2e ra+ge* 1%% J3lus(.i+usK1C * t2e t2e*reti/al /*+/e+trati*+ *r .et2a+*la+d et2a+*l, *r 1%% J3lus(.i+usK16 *r t(buta+*l a+d MTE, t2es*ur/es * err*r i+ t2e a+alysis s2*uld be deter.i+ed, /*rre/ted, a+dall a+alyses subse5ue+t t* a+d i+/ludi+g t2e last a+alysis /*+ir.ed t*



be it2i+ t2e /*.3lia+/e s3e/ii/ati*+s .ust be re3eated0 T2es3e/ii/ati*+ li.its *r t2e a//ura/y * t2e 3er/e+t re/*-ery * s3iedsa.3le a+alyses are .i+i.u. 3er*r.a+/e re5uire.e+ts0 T2e 3er*r.a+/e* i+di-idual lab*rat*ries .ay i+deed be better t2a+ t2ese .i+i.u.re5uire.e+ts0 F*r t2is reas*+ it is re/*..e+ded t2at /*+tr*l /2arts be

utili7ed t* .*+it*r t2e -ariability * .easure.e+ts i+ *rder t**3ti.ally dete/t ab+*r.al situati*+s a+d e+sure a stable .easure.e+t3r*/ess0

9;i; !ri*r t* <a+uary 1, 199), a+d 2e+ t2e *yge+ates 3rese+tare li.ited t* MTE, ETE, TAME, 8I!E, tertiary(a.yl al/*2*l, a+d"JINFK1 t* "JINFK4 al/*2*ls, a+y rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ateble+der .ay deter.i+e *yge+ a+d *yge+ate /*+te+t usi+g A'TM sta+dard.et2*d 8(4&1=(9C, e+titled >>'ta+dard Test Met2*d *r 8eter.i+ati*+ *MTE, ETE, TAME, 8I!E, tertiary(A.yl Al/*2*l a+d "JINFK1 t* "JINFK4

Al/*2*ls i+ #as*li+e by #as "2r*.at*gra32y,?? *r 3ur3*ses * .eeti+ga+y testi+g re5uire.e+t 3r*-ided t2at ii; T2e rei+er *r i.3*rter test result is /*rrelated it2 t2e.et2*d set *rt2 i+ 3aragra32s g;1; t2r*ug2 g;&; * t2is se/ti*+0 2; I+/*r3*rati*+s by reere+/e0 A'TM sta+dard .et2*ds 8(C6%6(9@,8(1C19(9C, 8(4&1=(9C, 8(@6@@(9@, a+d 8(&6(9% it2 t2e e/e3ti*+ * t2edegrees Fa2re+2eit igures i+ Table 9 * 8(&6(9%, are i+/*r3*rated byreere+/e0 T2ese i+/*r3*rati*+s by reere+/e ere a33r*-ed by t2e8ire/t*r * t2e Federal Register i+ a//*rda+/e it2 = 0'0"0 ==@A; a+d1 "FR 3art =10 "*3ies .ay be *btai+ed r*. t2e A.eri/a+ '*/iety *Testi+g Materials, 1916 Ra/e 'treet, !2iladel32ia, !A 191%C0 "*3ies .aybe i+s3e/ted at t2e Air 8*/et 'e/ti*+ E(1C1;, r**. M(1=%%, 0'0E+-ir*+.e+tal !r*te/ti*+ Age+/y, 8*/et N*0 A(9@(1@, 4%1 M 'treet 'B0,Bas2i+gt*+, 8" @%46% *r at t2e Oi/e * t2e Federal Register, &%%N*rt2 "a3it*l 'treet, NB0, suite )%%, Bas2i+gt*+, 8"0

'e/0 &%04) [Reser-ed]

'e/0 &%04& Aug.e+tati*+ * t2e /*.3le e.issi*+ .*del by -e2i/letesti+g0

a; T2e 3r*-isi*+s * t2is se/ti*+ a33ly *+ly i a uel /lai.se.issi*+ redu/ti*+ be+eits r*. uel 3ara.eters t2at are +*t i+/ludedi+ t2e /*.3le e.issi*+ .*del *r /*.3le e.issi*+ .*del database, *r it2e -alues * uel 3ara.eters i+/luded i+ t2e /*.3le e.issi*+ .*delset *rt2 i+ 'e/0 &%04= all *utside t2e ra+ge * -alues *r 2i/2 t2e/*.3le e.issi*+ .*del is dee.ed -alid0 b; T* aug.e+t t2e /*.3le e.issi*+ .*del des/ribed at 'e/0 &%04=,t2e *ll*i+g re5uire.e+ts a33ly:

1; T2e 3etiti*+er .ust *btai+ 3ri*r a33r*-al r*. t2e Ad.i+istrat*r *r t2e desig+ * t2e test 3r*gra. be*re begi++i+g t2e



-e2i/le testi+g 3r*/ess0 T* *btai+ a33r*-al, t2e 3etiti*+er .ust at.i+i.u. 3r*-ide t2e *ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+: t2e uel 3ara.eter t* bee-aluated *r e.issi*+ ee/ts t2e +u.ber a+d des/ri3ti*+ * -e2i/lest* be used i+ t2e test leet, i+/ludi+g .*del year, .*del +a.e, -e2i/leide+tii/ati*+ +u.ber VIN;, .ileage, e.issi*+ 3er*r.a+/e e2aust TD"

e.issi*+ le-el;, te/2+*l*gy ty3e, a+d .a+ua/turer a des/ri3ti*+ *t2e .et2*ds used t* 3r*/ure a+d 3re3are t2e -e2i/les t2e 3r*3erties *t2e uels t* be used i+ t2e testi+g 3r*gra. as s3e/iied at'e/0 &%049; t2e 3*lluta+ts a+d e.issi*+ /ateg*ries i+te+ded t* bee-aluated t2e 3re/auti*+s used t* e+sure t2at t2e ee/ts * t2e3ara.eter i+ 5uesti*+ are i+de3e+de+t * t2e ee/ts * *t2er3ara.eters already i+/luded i+ t2e .*del a des/ri3ti*+ * t2e 5ualityassura+/e 3r*/edures t* be used duri+g t2e test 3r*gra. t2estatisti/al a+alysis te/2+i5ues t* be used i+ a+aly7i+g t2e test data,a+d t2e ide+tity a+d l*/ati*+ * t2e *rga+i7ati*+ 3er*r.i+g t2etesti+g0

@; E2aust e.issi*+s s2all be .easured 3er t2e re5uire.e+ts *t2is se/ti*+ a+d 'e/0 &%049 t2r*ug2 'e/0 &%06@0 C; T2e +*+e2aust e.issi*+ .*del i+/ludi+g e-a3*rati-e, ru++i+gl*ss, a+d reueli+g VO" a+d t*i/s e.issi*+s; s2all +*t be aug.e+ted by-e2i/le testi+g0

4; T2e Age+/y reser-es t2e rig2t t* *bser-e a+d .*+it*r a+ytesti+g t2at is 3er*r.ed 3ursua+t t* t2e re5uire.e+ts * t2is se/ti*+0 =; T2e Age+/y reser-es t2e rig2t t* e-aluate t2e 5uality a+dsuitability * data sub.itted 3ursua+t t* t2e re5uire.e+ts * t2isse/ti*+ a+d t* ree/t, re(a+aly7e, *r *t2erise e-aluate su/2 data asis te/2+i/ally arra+ted0

6; 3*+ a s2*i+g satisa/t*ry t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r, t2e Ad.i+istrat*r .ay a33r*-e a 3etiti*+ t* ai-e t2e re5uire.e+ts * t2isse/ti*+ a+d 'e/0 &%049, 'e/0 &%0=%a;, 'e/0 &%06%d;C;, a+d'e/0 &%06%d;4; i+ *rder t* better *3ti.i7e t2e test 3r*gra. t* t2e+eeds * t2e 3arti/ular uel 3ara.eter0 A+y su/2 ai-er 3etiti*+ s2*uld3r*-ide i+*r.ati*+ ustiyi+g t2e re5uested ai-er, i+/ludi+g a+a//e3table rati*+ale a+d su33*rti+g data0 !etiti*+ers .ust *btai+a33r*-al r*. t2e Ad.i+istrat*r 3ri*r t* /*+du/ti+g testi+g *r 2i/2t2e re5uire.e+ts i+ 5uesti*+ are ai-ed0 T2e Ad.i+istrat*r .ay ai-et2e +*ted re5uire.e+ts i+ 2*le *r i+ 3art, a+d .ay i.3*se a33r*3riate/*+diti*+s *+ a+y su/2 ai-er0

/; I+ t2e /ase * 3etiti*+s t* aug.e+t t2e /*.3le .*del dei+edat 'e/0 &%04= it2 a +e 3ara.eter, t2e ee/t * t2e 3ara.eter bei+gtested s2all be deter.i+ed se3arately, *r ea/2 3*lluta+t a+d *r ea/2e.itter /lass /ateg*ry0 I t2e 3ara.eter is +*t i+/luded i+ t2e /*.3le.*del but is re3rese+ted i+ 2*le *r i+ 3art by *+e *r .*re 3ara.eters



i+/luded i+ t2e .*del, t2e 3etiti*+er s2all be re5uired t* de.*+stratet2e e.issi*+ ee/ts * t2e 3ara.eter i+ 5uesti*+ i+de3e+de+t * t2eee/ts * t2e already(i+/luded 3ara.eters0 T2e 3etiti*+er s2all als*2a-e t* de.*+strate t2e ee/ts * t2e already(i+/luded 3ara.etersi+de3e+de+t * t2e ee/ts * t2e 3ara.eter i+ 5uesti*+0 T2e e.issi*+

3er*r.a+/e * ea/2 -e2i/le *+ t2e uels s3e/iied at 'e/0 &%049, as.easured t2r*ug2 -e2i/le testi+g i+ a//*rda+/e it2 'e/0 &%0=% t2r*ug2'e/0 &%06@, s2all be a+aly7ed t* deter.i+e t2e ee/ts * t2e uel3ara.eter bei+g tested *+ e.issi*+s a//*rdi+g t* t2e *ll*i+g3r*/edure:

1; T2e a+alysis s2all it a regressi*+ .*del t* t2e +aturall*garit2. * e.issi*+s .easured r*. additi*+ uels 1, @, a+d C *+lyas s3e/iied at 'e/0 &%049a;; a+d adusted as 3er 3aragra32/;1;i-; * t2is se/ti*+ t2at i+/ludes t2e *ll*i+g ter.s: i; A ter. *r ea/2 -e2i/le t2at s2all rele/t t2e ee/t * t2e-e2i/le *+ e.issi*+s i+de3e+de+t * uel /*.3*siti*+s0 T2ese ter.ss2all be * t2e *r. 8JINFKi VJINFKi, 2ere 8JINFKi is t2e/*ei/ie+t *r t2e ter. a+d VJINFKi is a du..y -ariable 2i/2 s2all2a-e t2e -alue 10% *r t2e it2 -e2i/le a+d t2e -alue % *r all *t2er-e2i/les0

ii; A li+ear ter. i+ t2e 3ara.eter bei+g tested *r ea/2 e.itter/lass, * t2e *r. AJINFKi !JINFK1(!JINFK1 a-g;; EJINFKi, 2ere

AJINFKi is t2e /*ei/ie+t *r t2e ter., !JINFK1 is t2e le-el * t2e3ara.eter i+ 5uesti*+, !JINFK1 a-g; is t2e a-erage le-el * t2e3ara.eter i+ 5uesti*+ *r all se-e+ test uels s3e/iied at'e/0 &%049a;1;, a+d EJINFKi is a du..y -ariable re3rese+ti+g e.itter/lass, as dei+ed at 'e/0 &%06@0 F*r +*r.al e.itters, EJINFK11 a+dEJINFK@%0 F*r 2ig2er e.itters, EJINFK1% a+d EJINFK@10 iii; F*r t2e VO" a+d NOJINFK .*dels, a s5uared ter. i+ t2e3ara.eter bei+g tested *r ea/2 e.itter /lass, * t2e *r.JINFKi !JINFK1(!JINFK1 a-g;;P@P EJINFKi, 2ere JINFKi is t2e/*ei/ie+t *r t2e ter. a+d 2ere !JINFK1 , !JINFK1 a-g;, a+d EJINFKiare as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32 /;1;ii; * t2is se/ti*+0 i-; T* t2e ete+t t2at t2e 3r*3erties * uels 1, @, a+d C 2i/2are i+/*r3*rated i+ t2e /*.3le .*del dier i+ -alue a.*+g t2e t2reeuels, t2e /*.3le .*del s2all be used t* adust t2e *bser-ed e.issi*+sr*. test -e2i/les *+ t2*se uels t* /*.3e+sate *r t2*se diere+/es3ri*r t* itti+g t2e regressi*+ .*del0 -; T2e AJINFKi a+d JINFKi ter.s a+d /*ei/ie+ts de-el*3ed by t2eregressi*+ des/ribed i+ t2is 3aragra32 /; s2all be e-aluated agai+stt2e statisti/al /riteria dei+ed i+ 3aragra32 e; * t2is se/ti*+0 Ib*t2 ter.s satisy t2ese /riteria, t2e+ b*t2 ter.s s2all be retai+ed0I t2e JINFKi ter. satisies t2ese /riteria a+d t2e AJINFKi ter. d*es+*t, t2e+ b*t2 ter.s s2all be retai+ed0 I t2e JINFKi ter. d*es +*tsatisy t2ese /riteria, t2e+ t2e JINFKi ter. s2all be dr*33ed r*. t2e



regressi*+ .*del a+d t2e .*del s2all be re(esti.ated0 I, aterdr*33i+g t2e JINFKi ter., t2e AJINFKi ter. d*es +*t satisy t2ese/riteria, t2e+ b*t2 ter.s s2all be dr*33ed, all test data s2all bere3*rted t* E!A, a+d t2e aug.e+tati*+ re5uest s2all be de+ied0 @; Ater /*.3leti+g t2e ste3s *utli+ed i+ 3aragra32 /;1; * t2is

se/ti*+, t2e a+alysis s2all it a regressi*+ .*del t* a /*.bi+ed dataset t2at i+/ludes -e2i/le testi+g results r*. all se-e+ additi*+ uelss3e/iied at 'e/0 &%049a;, t2e -e2i/le testi+g results used t* de-el*3t2e .*del s3e/iied at 'e/0 &%04=, a+d -e2i/le testi+g results used t*su33*rt a+y 3ri*r aug.e+tati*+ re5uests 2i/2 t2e Ad.i+istrat*r dee.s+e/essary0

i; T2e a+alysis s2all it t2e regressi*+ .*dels des/ribed i+3aragra32s /;@; ii; t2r*ug2 -; * t2is se/ti*+ t* t2e +aturall*garit2. * .easured e.issi*+s0

ii; All regressi*+s s2all i+/lude a ter. *r ea/2 -e2i/le t2ats2all rele/t t2e ee/t * t2e -e2i/le *+ e.issi*+s i+de3e+de+t *uel /*.3*siti*+s0 T2ese ter.s s2all be * t2e *r. 8JINFKi VJINFKi,2ere 8JINFKi is t2e /*ei/ie+t *r t2e ter. a+d VJINFKi is a du..y-ariable 2i/2 s2all 2a-e t2e -alue 10% *r t2e it2 -e2i/le a+d t2e-alue % *r all *t2er -e2i/les0 Ve2i/les s2all be re3rese+ted byse3arate ter.s *r ea/2 test 3r*gra. i+ 2i/2 t2ey ere tested0 T2e-e2i/le ter.s *r t2e -e2i/les i+/luded i+ t2e test 3r*gra. u+dertae+by t2e 3etiti*+er s2all be /al/ulated based *+ t2e results r*. allse-e+ uels s3e/iied at 'e/0 &%049a;0 N*te t2at t2e 8JINFKi esti.ates*r t2e 3etiti*+er?s test -e2i/les i+ t2is regressi*+ are liely t*dier r*. t2e 8JINFKi esti.ates dis/ussed i+ 3aragra32 /;1;i; *t2is se/ti*+ si+/e t2ey ill be based *+ a diere+t set * uels0 iii; All regressi*+s s2all i+/lude eisti+g /*.3le .*del ter.sa+d t2eir /*ei/ie+ts, i+/ludi+g t2*se aug.e+tati*+s t2at t2e

Ad.i+istrat*r dee.s +e/essary0 All ter.s a+d /*ei/ie+ts s2all bee3ressed i+ /e+tered *r.0

i-; All regressi*+s s2all i+/lude t2e li+ear a+d s5uared ter.s,a+d t2eir /*ei/ie+ts, esti.ated i+ t2e i+al regressi*+ .*deldes/ribed i+ 3aragra32 /;1; * t2is se/ti*+0 -; T2e VO" a+d NOJINFK regressi*+s s2all i+/lude t2*sei+tera/ti-e ter.s it2 *t2er uel 3ara.eters, * t2e *r."JINFKi1,; !JINFK1(!JINFK1 a-g;; !JINFK(!JINFKa-g;; EJINFKi, 2ere "JINFKi1,; is t2e /*ei/ie+t *r t2e ter.,!JINFK1 is t2e le-el * t2e 3ara.eter bei+g added t* t2e .*del, !JINFK1a-g; is t2e a-erage le-el * t2e 3ara.eter bei+g added *r all se-e+additi*+ uels s3e/iied at 'e/0 &%049a;, !JINFK is t2e le-el * t2e*t2er uel 3ara.eter, !JINFK a-g; is t2e /e+teri+g -alue *r t2e*t2er uel 3ara.eter used t* de-el*3 t2e /*.3le .*del *r used i+ t2e*t2er 3ara.eter?s aug.e+tati*+ study, a+d EJINFKi is as dei+ed i+



3aragra32 /;1; * t2is se/ti*+, 2i/2 are *u+d t* satisy t2estatisti/al /riteria dei+ed i+ 3aragra32 e; * t2is se/ti*+0 'u/2ter.s s2all be added t* t2e regressi*+ .*del i+ a ste3ise .a++er0 C; T2e .*del des/ribed i+ 3aragra32s /; 1; a+d @; * t2isse/ti*+ s2all be de-el*3ed se3arately *r +*r.al(e.itti+g a+d 2ig2ere.itti+g

-e2i/les0 Ea/2 e.itter /lass s2all be treated as a disti+/t3*3ulati*+ *r t2e 3ur3*ses * deter.i+i+g regressi*+ /*ei/ie+ts0 4; O+/e t2e aug.e+ted .*dels des/ribed i+ 3aragra32s /; 1;t2r*ug2 C; * t2is se/ti*+ 2a-e bee+ de-el*3ed, t2ey s2all be/*+-erted t* a+ u+/e+tered *r. t2r*ug2 a33r*3riate algebrai/.a+i3ulati*+0

=; T2e aug.e+ted .*del des/ribed i+ 3aragra32 /;4; * t2isse/ti*+ s2all be used t* deter.i+e t2e ee/ts * t2e 3ara.eter i+5uesti*+ at le-els betee+ t2e le-els i+ Fuels 1 a+d C, as dei+ed at'e/0 &%049a;1;, *r all uels 2i/2 /lai. e.issi*+ be+eits r*. t2e3ara.eter i+ 5uesti*+0

d;1; I+ t2e /ase * 3etiti*+s t* aug.e+t t2e /*.3le .*deldei+ed at 'e/0 &%04= by ete+di+g t2e ra+ge * a+ eisti+g /*.3le.*del 3ara.eter, t2e ee/t * t2e 3ara.eter bei+g tested s2all bedeter.i+ed se3arately, *r ea/2 3*lluta+t a+d *r ea/2 te/2+*l*gy gr*u3a+d e.itter /lass /ateg*ry, at le-els betee+ t2e ete+si*+ le-el a+dt2e +earest li.it * t2e /*re * t2e data used t* de-el*3 t2eu+aug.e+ted /*.3le .*del as *ll*s:

8ata /*re li.itsFuel 3ara.eter (((((((((((((((((((

*er 33er

'ulur, 33.00000000000000000000000000000000000000000 1% 4=%RV!, 3si00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 ) 1%E@%%, -*l 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000 CC 66EC%%, -*l 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000 )@ 94

Ar*.ati/s, -*l 000000000000000000000000000000000000 1& 46e+7e+e, -*l 00000000000000000000000000000000000000 %04 10&Olei+s, -*l 00000000000000000000000000000000000000 1 19Oyge+, t 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000

As et2a+*l0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 % C04 All *t2ers:000000000000000000000000000000000000000 % @0)



@; T2e e.issi*+ 3er*r.a+/e * ea/2 -e2i/le *+ t2e uels s3e/iiedat 'e/0 &%049b;@;, as .easured t2r*ug2 -e2i/le testi+g i+ a//*rda+/eit2 'e/s0 &%0=% t2r*ug2 &%06@, s2all be a+aly7ed t* deter.i+e t2eee/ts * t2e uel 3ara.eter bei+g tested *+ e.issi*+s a//*rdi+g t*

t2e *ll*i+g 3r*/edure:

i; T2e a+alysis s2all i+/*r3*rate t2e -e2i/le testi+g data r*.t2e ete+si*+ uels s3e/iied at 'e/0 &%049b;, t2e -e2i/le testi+gresults used t* de-el*3 t2e .*del s3e/iied at 'e/0 &%04=, a+d -e2i/letesti+g results used t* su33*rt a+y 3ri*r aug.e+tati*+ re5uests 2i/2t2e Ad.i+istrat*r dee.s +e/essary0 A regressi*+ i+/*r3*rati+g t2e*ll*i+g ter.s s2all be itted t* t2e +atural l*garit2. * e.issi*+s/*+tai+ed i+ t2is /*.bi+ed data set:

A; A ter. *r ea/2 -e2i/le t2at s2all rele/t t2e ee/t * t2e-e2i/le *+ e.issi*+s i+de3e+de+t * uel /*.3*siti*+s0 T2ese ter.ss2all be * t2e *r. 8JINFKi VJINFKi, 2ere 8JINFKi is t2e/*ei/ie+t *r t2e ter. a+d VJINFKi is a du..y -ariable 2i/2 s2all2a-e t2e -alue 10% *r t2e it2 -e2i/le a+d t2e -alue % *r all *t2er-e2i/les0 Ve2i/les s2all be re3rese+ted by se3arate ter.s *r ea/2 test3r*gra. i+ 2i/2 t2ey ere tested0 T2e -e2i/le ter.s *r t2e -e2i/lesi+/luded i+ t2e test 3r*gra. u+dertae+ by t2e 3etiti*+er s2all be/al/ulated based *+ t2e results r*. all t2ree uels s3e/iied at'e/0 &%049b;@;0

; Eisti+g /*.3le .*del ter.s t2at d* +*t i+/lude t2e 3ara.eterbei+g ete+ded a+d t2eir /*ei/ie+ts, i+/ludi+g t2*se aug.e+tati*+st2at t2e Ad.i+istrat*r dee.s +e/essary0 T2e /e+teri+g -alues *r t2eseter.s s2all be ide+ti/al t* t2e /e+teri+g -alues used t* de-el*3 t2e/*.3le .*del des/ribed at 'e/0 &%04=0 "; Eisti+g /*.3le .*del ter.s t2at i+/lude t2e 3ara.eter bei+gete+ded0 T2e /*ei/ie+ts *r t2ese ter.s s2all be esti.ated by t2eregressi*+0 T2e /e+teri+g -alues *r t2ese ter.s s2all be ide+ti/al t*t2e /e+teri+g -alues used t* de-el*3 t2e /*.3le .*del des/ribed at'e/0 &%04=0

8; I t2e u+aug.e+ted VO" *r NOJINFK /*.3le .*dels d* +*t/*+tai+ a s5uared ter. *r t2e 3ara.eter bei+g ete+ded, su/2 a ter.s2*uld be added i+ a ste3ise as2i*+ ater /*.3leti+g t2e .*deldes/ribed i+ 3aragra32s d;@;i;A; t2r*ug2 "; * t2is se/ti*+0 T2e/*ei/ie+t *r t2is ter. s2all be esti.ated by t2e regressi*+0 T2e/e+teri+g -alue *r t2is ter. s2all be ide+ti/al t* t2e /e+teri+g -alueused t* de-el*3 t2e /*.3le .*del des/ribed at 'e/0 &%04=0 E; T2e ter.s dei+ed i+ 3aragra32s d;@;i;"; a+d 8; * t2isse/ti*+ s2all be e-aluated agai+st t2e statisti/al /riteria dei+ed i+3aragra32 e; * t2is se/ti*+0



ii; T2e .*del des/ribed i+ 3aragra32 d;@;i; * t2is se/ti*+s2all be de-el*3ed se3arately *r +*r.al(e.itti+g a+d 2ig2er(e.itti+g-e2i/les, as dei+ed at 'e/0 &%06@0 Ea/2 e.itter /lass s2all be treatedas a disti+/t 3*3ulati*+ *r t2e 3ur3*ses * deter.i+i+g regressi*+

/*ei/ie+ts0

e; 'tatisti/al /riteria0 1; T2e 3etiti*+er s2all be re5uired t*sub.it e-ide+/e it2 t2e 3etiti*+ 2i/2 de.*+strates t2e statisti/al-alidity * t2e regressi*+ des/ribed i+ 3aragra32 /; *r d; * t2isse/ti*+, i+/ludi+g at .i+i.u.:

i; E-ide+/e de.*+strati+g t2at /*li+earity 3r*ble.s are +*tse-ere, i+/ludi+g but +*t li.ited t* -aria+/e i+lati*+ statisti/s *less t2a+ 1% *r t2e se/*+d(*rder a+d i+tera/ti-e ter.s i+/luded i+ t2eregressi*+ .*del0

ii; E-ide+/e de.*+strati+g t2at t2e regressi*+ residuals are+*r.ally distributed, i+/ludi+g but +*t li.ited t* t2e se+ess a+dGurt*sis statisti/s *r t2e residuals0 iii; E-ide+/e de.*+strati+g t2at *-eritti+g a+d u+deritti+griss 2a-e bee+ bala+/ed, i+/ludi+g but +*t li.ited t* t2e use *Mall*?s "JINFK3 /riteri*+0

@; T2e 3etiti*+er s2all be re5uired t* sub.it e-ide+/e it2 t2e3etiti*+ 2i/2 de.*+strates t2at t2e a33r*3riate ter.s 2a-e bee+i+/luded i+ t2e regressi*+, i+/ludi+g at .i+i.u.: i; 8es/ri3ti*+s * t2e a+alysis .et2*ds used t* de-el*3 t2eregressi*+s, i+/ludi+g a+y /*.3uter /*de used t* a+aly7e e.issi*+s dataa+d t2e results * regressi*+ ru+s used t* de-el*3 t2e 3r*3*sedaug.e+tati*+, i+/ludi+g i+ter.ediate regressi*+s 3r*du/ed duri+g t2este3ise regressi*+ 3r*/ess0

ii; E-ide+/e de.*+strati+g t2at t2e sig+ii/a+/e le-el used t*i+/lude ter.s i+ t2e .*del as e5ual t* %09%0 ; T2e /*.3le e.issi*+ .*del s2all be aug.e+ted it2 t2e results* -e2i/le testi+g as *ll*s:

1; T2e ter.s a+d /*ei/ie+ts deter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 /; *r d;* t2is se/ti*+ s2all be used t* su33le.e+t t2e /*.3le e.issi*+ .*dele5uati*+ *r t2e /*rres3*+di+g 3*lluta+t a+d e.itter /ateg*ry0 T2eseter.s a+d /*ei/ie+ts s2all be eig2ted t* rele/t t2e /*+tributi*+ *t2e e.itter /ateg*ry t* i+(use e.issi*+s as s2*+ at 'e/0 &%04=0 @; I t2e /a+didate 3ara.eter is +*t i+/luded i+ t2e u+aug.e+ted/*.3le .*del a+d is +*t re3rese+ted i+ 2*le *r i+ 3art by *+e *r .*re3ara.eters i+/luded i+ t2e .*del, t2e .*dii/ati*+ s2all bea//*.3lis2ed by addi+g t2e ter.s a+d /*ei/ie+ts t* t2e /*.3le .*del



e5uati*+ *r t2at 3*lluta+t, te/2+*l*gy gr*u3, a+d e.itter /ateg*ry0 C; I t2e 3ara.eter is i+/luded i+ t2e /*.3le .*del but is bei+gtested at le-els bey*+d t2e /urre+t ra+ge * t2e .*del, t2e ter.s a+d/*ei/ie+ts deter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 d; * t2is se/ti*+ s2all be usedt* su33le.e+t t2e /*.3le e.issi*+ .*del e5uati*+ *r t2e /*rres3*+di+g

3*lluta+t0

i; T2e ter.s a+d /*ei/ie+ts * t2e /*.3le .*del des/ribed at'e/0 &%04= s2all be used t* e-aluate t2e e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * uelsit2 le-els * t2e 3ara.eter bei+g tested t2at are it2i+ t2e -alidra+ge * t2e .*del, as dei+ed at 'e/0 &%04=0 ii; T2e e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * uels it2 le-els * t2e3ara.eter t2at are bey*+d t2e -alid ra+ge * t2e u+aug.e+ted .*dels2all be gi-e+ i+ 3er/e+tage /2a+ge ter.s by 1%%([1%%QA; 1%%Q";L1%%Q;], 2ere:

A; >>A?? s2all be set e5ual t* t2e 3er/e+tage /2a+ge i+ e.issi*+s*r a uel it2 ide+ti/al uel 3r*3erty -alues t* t2e uel bei+ge-aluated e/e3t *r t2e 3ara.eter bei+g ete+ded, 2i/2 s2all be sete5ual t* t2e +earest li.it * t2e data /*re, usi+g t2e u+aug.e+ted/*.3le .*del0

; >>?? s2all be set e5ual t* t2e 3er/e+tage /2a+ge i+ e.issi*+s*r t2e uel des/ribed i+ 3aragra32 ;C;i; * t2is se/ti*+ a//*rdi+gt* t2e aug.e+ted /*.3le .*del0

"; >>"?? s2all be set e5ual t* t2e 3er/e+tage /2a+ge i+ e.issi*+s* t2e a/tual uel bei+g e-aluated usi+g t2e aug.e+ted /*.3le .*del0 g; E!A reser-es t2e rig2t t* a+aly7e t2e data ge+erated duri+g-e2i/le testi+g, t* use su/2 a+alyses t* deter.i+e t2e -alidity * t2eaug.e+tati*+ 3etiti*+, a+d t* use su/2 data t* u3date t2e /*.3le .*del*r use i+ /ertiyi+g all re*r.ulated gas*li+es0 2; 8urati*+ * a//e3ta+/e * e.issi*+ ee/ts deter.i+ed t2r*ug2-e2i/le testi+g:

1; I t2e Age+/y d*es +*t a//e3t, .*diy, *r ree/t a 3arti/ularaug.e+tati*+ *r i+/lusi*+ i+ a+ u3dated /*.3le .*del 3er*r.edt2r*ug2 rule.ai+g;, t2e+ t2e aug.e+tati*+ s2all re.ai+ i+ ee/t u+tilt2e +et u3date t* t2e /*.3le .*del taes ee/t0 @; I t2e Age+/y d*es ree/t *r .*diy a 3arti/ular aug.e+tati*+*r i+/lusi*+ i+ a+ u3dated /*.3le .*del, t2e+ t2e aug.e+tati*+ s2all+* l*+ger be able t* be used as * t2e date t2e u3dated /*.3le .*delis dee.ed t* tae ee/t, u+less t2e *ll*i+g /*+diti*+s a+dli.itati*+s a33ly:

i; T2e aug.e+tati*+ i+ 5uesti*+ .ay /*+ti+ue t* be used by t2*seuel su33liers 2i/2 /a+ 3r*-e, t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r?s satisa/ti*+,



t2at t2e uel su33lier 2ad already begu+ 3r*du/i+g a uel utili7i+g t2eaug.e+tati*+ at t2e ti.e t2e re-ised .*del is 3r*.ulgated0 ii; T2e aug.e+tati*+ i+ 5uesti*+ .ay *+ly be used t* e-aluate t2ee.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * uels i+ /*+u+/ti*+ it2 t2e /*.3le e.issi*+.*del i+ ee/t as * t2e date * 3r*du/ti*+ * t2e uels0

iii; T2e aug.e+tati*+ .ay *+ly be used *r t2ree years * uel3r*du/ti*+, *r a t*tal * i-e years r*. t2e date t2e aug.e+tati*+irst t** ee/t, 2i/2e-er is s2*rter0 C; T2e Ad.i+istrat*r s2all deter.i+e 2e+ sui/ie+t +ei+*r.ati*+ *+ t2e ee/ts * uel 3r*3erties *+ -e2i/le e.issi*+s 2asbee+ *btai+ed t* arra+t de-el*3.e+t * a+ u3dated /*.3le .*del0

'e/0 &%049 Fuels t* be used i+ aug.e+ti+g t2e /*.3le e.issi*+ .*delt2r*ug2 -e2i/le testi+g0

a; 'e-e+ uels 2erei+ater /alled t2e >>additi*+ uels??; s2allbe tested *r t2e 3ur3*se * aug.e+ti+g t2e /*.3le e.issi*+ .*del it2a 3ara.eter +*t /urre+tly i+/luded i+ t2e /*.3le e.issi*+ .*del0 T2e3r*3erties * t2e additi*+ uels are s3e/iied i+ 3aragra32s a; 1;a+d @; * t2is se/ti*+0 T2e additi*+ uels s2all be s3e/iied it2 atleast t2e sa.e le-el * detail a+d 3re/isi*+ as i+ 'e/0 &%04C/;, a+dt2is i+*r.ati*+ .ust be i+/luded i+ t2e 3etiti*+ sub.itted t* t2e

Ad.i+istrat*r re5uesti+g aug.e+tati*+ * t2e /*.3le e.issi*+ .*del0 1; T2e se-e+ additi*+ uels t* be tested 2e+ aug.e+ti+g t2e/*.3le .*del s3e/iied at 'e/0 &%04= it2 a +e uel 3ara.eter s2all2a-e t2e 3r*3erties s3e/iied as *ll*s:

!r*3erties * Fuels T* e Tested B2e+ Aug.e+ti+g t2e M*del Bit2 a NeFuel !ara.eter

Fuels

Fuel 3r*3erty((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( 1 @ C 4 = 6 )

'ulur, 33.00000000000000000 1=% 1=% 1=% C= C= =%% =%%e+7e+e, -*l 00000000000000 10% 10% 10% %0= %0= 10C 10CRV!, 3si00000000000000000000 )0= )0= )0= 60= 60= &01 &01E@%%, 000000000000000000000 =% =% =% 6@ 6@ C) C)EC%%, 000000000000000000000 &= &= &= 9@ 9@ )9 )9

Ar*.ati/s, -*l 000000000000 @) @) @) @% @% 4= 4=Olei+s, -*l 00000000000000 90% 90% 90% @0% @0% 1& 1&Oyge+, t 0000000000000000 @01 @01 @01 @0) @0) 10= 10=



O/ta+e, RQM;L@0000000000000 &) &) &) &) &) &) &)Ne !ara.eterP1P000000000000 " "QL@ " "

P1P""a+didate le-el, aseli+e le-el0

i; F*r t2e 3ur3*ses * -e2i/le testi+g, t2e >>baseli+e?? le-el *t2e 3ara.eter s2all reer t* t2e le-el * t2e 3ara.eter i+ "lea+ Air

A/t baseli+e gas*li+e0 T2e >>/a+didate?? le-el * t2e 3ara.eter s2allreer t* t2e .*st etre.e -alue * t2e 3ara.eter, relati-e t* baseli+ele-els, *r 2i/2 t2e aug.e+tati*+ s2all be -alid0 ii; I t2e uel 3ara.eter *r 2i/2 t2e uel su33lier is3etiti*+i+g E!A t* aug.e+t t2e /*.3le e.issi*+ .*del 2erei+aterdei+ed as t2e >>/a+didate 3ara.eter??; is +*t s3e/iied *r "lea+ Air

A/t su..er baseli+e uel, t2e+ t2e baseli+e le-el *r t2e /a+didate3ara.eter s2all be set at t2e le-els *u+d i+ ty3i/al gas*li+e0 T2isle-el a+d t2e ustii/ati*+ *r t2is le-el s2all be i+/luded i+ t2e3etiti*+er?s sub.ittal t* E!A 3ri*r t* i+itiati+g t2e test 3r*gra., a+dE!A .ust a33r*-e t2is le-el 3ri*r t* t2e start * t2e 3r*gra.0 iii; I t2e /a+didate 3ara.eter is +*t s3e/iied *r "lea+ Air A/tsu..er baseli+e uel, a+d is +*t 3rese+t i+ ty3i/al gas*li+e, itsbaseli+e le-el s2all be 7er*0

@; T2e additi*+ uels s2all /*+tai+ deterge+t /*+tr*l additi-es i+a//*rda+/e it2 se/ti*+ @11l; * t2e "lea+ Air A/t A.e+d.e+ts * 199%a+d t2e ass*/iated E!A re5uire.e+ts *r su/2 additi-es0 C; T2e additi*+ uels s2all be s3e/iied it2 at least t2e sa.ele-el * detail a+d 3re/isi*+ as i+ 'e/0 &%04C/;, a+d t2is i+*r.ati*+s2all be i+/luded i+ t2e 3etiti*+ sub.itted t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*rre5uesti+g aug.e+tati*+ * t2e /*.3le e.issi*+ .*del0 i; !arai+ le-els i+ Fuels 1 a+d @ s2all be altered r*. t2e3arai+ le-el i+ Fuel C t* /*.3e+sate *r t2e additi*+ *r re.*-al *t2e /a+didate 3ara.eter, i +e/essary0 !arai+ le-els i+ Fuel 4 s2allbe altered r*. t2e 3arai+ le-el i+ Fuel = t* /*.3e+sate *r t2eadditi*+ *r re.*-al * t2e /a+didate 3ara.eter, i +e/essary0 !arai+le-els i+ Fuel 6 s2all be altered r*. t2e 3arai+ le-el i+ Fuel ) t*/*.3e+sate *r t2e additi*+ *r re.*-al * t2e /a+didate 3ara.eter, i+e/essary0

ii; Ot2er 3r*3erties * Fuels 4 a+d 6 s2all +*t -ary r*. t2ele-els *r Fuels = a+d ), res3e/ti-ely, u+less su/2 -ariati*+s are t2e+aturally(*//urri+g result * t2e /2a+ges des/ribed i+ 3aragra32sa;1; a+d @; * t2is se/ti*+0 Ot2er 3r*3erties * Fuels 1 a+d @ s2all+*t -ary r*. t2e le-els *r Fuel C, u+less su/2 -ariati*+s are t2e+aturally( *//urri+g result * t2e /2a+ges des/ribed i+ 3aragra32sa;1; a+d @; * t2is se/ti*+0



sui/ie+tly large t* redu/e t2e .easure.e+t u+/ertai+ty *r ea/23ara.eter t* a sui/ie+tly s.all -alue0 At a .i+i.u. t2e 9=/*+ide+/e li.its as /al/ulated usi+g a sta+dard t(test; *r ea/23ara.eter .ust be it2i+ t2e *ll*i+g ra+ge * t2e .ea+ .easured -alue* ea/2 3ara.eter:

Fuel 3ara.eter Measure.e+t u+/ertai+ty

A!I gra-ity000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0@ deg0A!I0'ulur /*+te+t000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK1% 33.0e+7e+e /*+te+t00000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0%@ -*l 0RV!00000000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0%= 3si0O/ta+e00000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0@ RQML@;0E@%% le-el0000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK@0EC%% le-el0000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK@0

Oyge+ate /*+te+t000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0@ -*l 0 Ar*.ati/s /*+te+t000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0= -*l 0Olei+s /*+te+t00000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0C -*l 0'aturates /*+te+t000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK10% -*l 08eterge+t /*+tr*l additi-es00000000 J3lus(.i+usK@ * t2e le-el

re5uired by E!A?s deterge+ts rule0

"a+didate 3ara.eter0000000000000000 T* be deter.i+ed as 3art * t2eaug.e+tati*+ 3r*/ess0

ii; T2e 9= /*+ide+/e li.its *r .easure.e+ts * uel 3ara.eters*r 2i/2 e.issi*+ redu/ti*+ be+eits are /lai.ed a+d *r 2i/2t*lera+/es are +*t dei+ed i+ 3aragra32 a;=;i; * t2is se/ti*+ .ustbe it2i+ J3lus(.i+usK= * t2e .ea+ .easured -alue0 iii; Ea/2 test .ust be /*+du/ted i+ t2e sa.e lab*rat*ry i+a//*rda+/e it2 t2e 3r*/edures *utli+ed at 'e/0 &%0460 b; T2ree uels 2erei+ater /alled t2e >>ete+si*+ uels??; s2allbe tested *r t2e 3ur3*se * ete+di+g t2e -alid ra+ge * t2e /*.3lee.issi*+ .*del *r a 3ara.eter /urre+tly i+/luded i+ t2e /*.3lee.issi*+ .*del0 T2e 3r*3erties * t2e ete+si*+ uels are s3e/iied i+3aragra32s b;@; t2r*ug2 4; * t2is se/ti*+0 T2e ete+si*+ uelss2all be s3e/iied it2 at least t2e sa.e le-el * detail a+d 3re/isi*+as i+ 'e/0 &%04C/;, a+d t2is i+*r.ati*+ .ust be i+/luded i+ t2e3etiti*+ sub.itted t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r re5uesti+g aug.e+tati*+ * t2e/*.3le e.issi*+ .*del0 Ea/2 set * t2ree ete+si*+ uels s2all be used



*+ly t* ete+d t2e ra+ge * a si+gle /*.3le .*del 3ara.eter0 1; T2e >>ete+si*+ le-el?? s2all reer t* t2e le-el t* 2i/2 t2e3ara.eter bei+g tested is t* be ete+ded0 T2e t2ree uels t* be tested2e+ ete+di+g t2e ra+ge * uel 3ara.eters already i+/luded i+ t2e/*.3le .*del *r a 3ri*r aug.e+tati*+ t* t2e /*.3le .*del s2all be

reerred t* as >>ete+si*+ uels0??

@; T2e /*.3*siti*+ a+d 3r*3erties * t2e ete+si*+ uels s2all beas des/ribed i+ 3aragra32s b;@; i; a+d ii; * t2is se/ti*+0 i; T2e ete+si*+ uels s2all 2a-e t2e *ll*i+g le-els * t2e3ara.eter bei+g ete+ded:

e-el * Eisti+g "*.3le M*del !ara.eters ei+g Ete+ded

Fuel 3r*3erty bei+g Ete+si*+ Ete+si*+

ete+ded Ete+si*+ uel N*0 1 uel N*0 @ uel N*0 C

'ulur, 33.00000000000 Ete+si*+ le-el0000000 &% 4=%e+7e+e, -*l 00000000 Ete+si*+ le-el0000000 %0= 10=RV!, 3si00000000000000 Ete+si*+ le-el0000000 60) &0%E@%%, 000000000000000 Ete+si*+ le-el0000000 C& 61EC%%, 000000000000000 Ete+si*+ le-el0000000 )& 9@

Ar*.ati/s, -*l 000000 Ete+si*+ le-el0000000 @% 4=Olei+s, -*l 00000000 Ete+si*+ le-el0000000 C0% 1&Oyge+, t 0000000000 Ete+si*+ le-el0000000 10) @0)O/ta+e, RQML@000000000 &)00000000000000000000 &) &)

ii; T2e le-els * 3ara.eters *t2er t2a+ t2e *+e bei+g ete+deds2all be gi-e+ by t2e *ll*i+g table *r all t2ree ete+si*+ uels:

e-els *r Fuel !ara.eters Ot2er T2a+ T2*se ei+g Ete+ded


Fuel 3r*3erty uel N*0 uel N*0 uel N*0 1 @ C

'ulur, 33.0000000000000000000000000000 1=% 1=% 1=%e+7e+e, -*l 0000000000000000000000000 10% 10% 10%



E@%% le-el0000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK@ 0EC%% le-el0000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK4 0

Oyge+ate /*+te+t000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK10= -*l 0 Ar*.ati/s /*+te+t000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK@0) -*l 0

Olei+s /*+te+t00000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK@0= -*l 0'aturates /*+te+t000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK@0% -*l 0O/ta+e00000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0=0


@; T2e ete+si*+ a+d additi*+ uels s2all be s3e/iied it2 atleast t2e sa.e le-el * detail a+d 3re/isi*+ as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32/;@;ii; * t2is se/ti*+, a+d t2is i+*r.ati*+ .ust be i+/luded i+t2e 3etiti*+ sub.itted t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r re5uesti+g aug.e+tati*+ *t2e /*.3le e.issi*+ .*del0

i; T2e /*.3*siti*+ a+d 3r*3erties * t2e additi*+ a+d ete+si*+uels s2all be deter.i+ed by a-eragi+g a series * i+de3e+de+t tests *t2e 3r*3erties a+d /*.3*siti*+al a/t*rs dei+ed i+ 3aragra32/;@;ii; * t2is se/ti*+ as ell as a+y additi*+al 3r*3erties *r/*.3*siti*+al a/t*rs *r 2i/2 e.issi*+ be+eits are /lai.ed0 ii; T2e +u.ber * i+de3e+de+t tests t* be /*+du/ted s2all besui/ie+tly large t* redu/e t2e .easure.e+t u+/ertai+ty *r ea/23ara.eter t* a sui/ie+tly s.all -alue0 At a .i+i.u. t2e 9=/*+ide+/e li.its as /al/ulated usi+g a sta+dard t(test; *r ea/23ara.eter .ust be it2i+ t2e *ll*i+g ra+ge * t2e .ea+ .easured -alue* ea/2 3ara.eter:

Fuel 3ara.eter Measure.e+t u+/ertai+ty

A!I gra-ity000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0@ deg0A!I0'ulur /*+te+t000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK= 33.0e+7e+e /*+te+t00000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0%= -*l 0RV!00000000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0%& 3si0O/ta+e00000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%01 RQML@;0E@%% le-el0000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK@ 0EC%% le-el0000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK@ 0

Oyge+ate /*+te+t000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0@ -*l 0



Ar*.ati/s /*+te+t000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0= -*l 0Olei+s /*+te+t00000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0C -*l 0'aturates /*+te+t000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK10% -*l0O/ta+e00000000000000000000000000000 J3lus(.i+usK%0@0


iii; !etiti*+ers s2all *btai+ a33r*-al r*. E!A *r t2e 9=/*+ide+/e li.its *r .easure.e+ts * uel 3ara.eters *r 2i/2e.issi*+ redu/ti*+ be+eits are /lai.ed a+d *r 2i/2 t*lera+/es are+*t dei+ed i+ 3aragra32 /;@;i; * t2is se/ti*+0 i-; Ea/2 test .ust be /*+du/ted i+ t2e sa.e lab*rat*ry i+a//*rda+/e it2 t2e 3r*/edures *utli+ed at 'e/0 &%0460 -; T2e /*.3le e.issi*+ .*del des/ribed at 'e/0 &%04= s2all beused t* adust t2e e.issi*+ 3er*r.a+/e * t2e additi*+ a+d ete+si*+uels t* /*.3e+sate *r diere+/es i+ uel /*.3*siti*+s t2at arei+/*r3*rated i+ t2e /*.3le .*del, as des/ribed at 'e/0 &%04&0"*.3e+sati+g adust.e+ts *r +aturally(resulti+g -ariati*+s i+ uel3ara.eters s2all als* be .ade usi+g t2e /*.3le .*del0 T2e adust.e+t3r*/ess is des/ribed i+ 3aragra32 d; * t2is se/ti*+0 d; T2e /*.3le e.issi*+ .*del des/ribed at 'e/0 &%04= s2all beused t* adust t2e e.issi*+ 3er*r.a+/e * additi*+ a+d ete+si*+ uelst* /*.3e+sate *r diere+/es i+ uel 3ara.eters *t2er t2a+ t2e3ara.eter bei+g tested0 "*.3e+sati+g adust.e+ts *r +aturallyresulti+g-ariati*+s i+ uel 3ara.eters s2all als* be .ade usi+g t2e/*.3le .*del0 T2ese adust.e+ts s2all be /al/ulated as *ll*s: 1; 8eter.i+e t2e e2aust e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * t2e a/tualadditi*+ *r ete+si*+ uels relati-e t* t2e e2aust e.issi*+s3er*r.a+/e * "lea+ Air A/t baseli+e uel usi+g t2e /*.3le .*del0 F*radditi*+ uels, set t2e le-el * t2e 3ara.eter bei+g tested at baseli+ele-els *r 3ur3*ses * e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e e-aluati*+ usi+g t2e/*.3le .*del0 F*r ete+si*+ uel 1, set t2e le-el * t2e 3ara.eterbei+g ete+ded at t2e le-el s3e/iied i+ ete+si*+ uel @0 Als*deter.i+e t2e e2aust e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * t2e additi*+ uelss3e/iied i+ 3aragra32 a;1; * t2is se/ti*+ it2 t2e le-el * t2e3ara.eter bei+g tested set at baseli+e le-els0 @; "al/ulate adust.e+t a/t*rs *r ea/2 additi*+ uel as *ll*s: i; Adust.e+t a/t*rs s2all be /al/ulated usi+g t2e *r.ula:


2ere



'e/0 &%0=1 Ve2i/le test 3r*/edures0

T2e test se5ue+/e a33li/able 2e+ aug.e+ti+g t2e e.issi*+ .*delst2r*ug2 -e2i/le testi+g is as *ll*s:

a; !re3are -e2i/les 3er 'e/0 &%0=%0 b; I+itial 3re/*+diti*+i+g 3er 'e/0 &%0=@a;1;0 Ve2i/les s2all bereueled ra+d*.ly it2 t2e uels re5uired i+ 'e/0 &%049 2e+ testi+g t*aug.e+t t2e /*.3le e.issi*+ .*del0

/; E2aust e.issi*+s tests, dy+a.*.eter 3r*/edure 3er 4% "FR&601C)(9% it2:

1; E2aust e+7e+e a+d 1,C(utadie+e e.issi*+s .easured 3er'e/0 &%0== a+d @; F*r.alde2yde a+d A/etelalde2yde e.issi*+s .easured 3er'e/0 &%0=60

'e/0 &%0=@ Ve2i/le 3re/*+diti*+i+g0

a; I+itial -e2i/le 3re/*+diti*+i+g a+d 3re/*+diti*+i+g betee+tests it2 diere+t uels s2all be 3er*r.ed i+ a//*rda+/e it2 t2e>>#e+eral -e2i/le 2a+dli+g re5uire.e+ts?? 3er 4% "FR &601C@(96, u3 t*a+d i+/ludi+g t2e /*.3leti*+ * t2e 2*t start e2aust test0 b; T2e 3re/*+diti*+i+g 3r*/edure 3res/ribed at 4% "FR &601C@(96s2all be *bser-ed *r 3re/*+diti*+i+g -e2i/les betee+ tests usi+g t2esa.e uel0

'e/s0 &%0=C(&%0=4 [Reser-ed]'e/0 &%0== Measure.e+t .et2*ds *r be+7e+e a+d 1,C(butadie+e0

a; 'a.3li+g *r be+7e+e a+d 1,C(butadie+e .ust be a//*.3lis2ed bybag sa.3li+g as used *r t*tal 2ydr*/arb*+s deter.i+ati*+0 T2is3r*/edure is detailed i+ 4% "FR &601%90 b; e+7e+e a+d 1,C(butadie+e .ust be a+aly7ed by gas/2r*.at*gra32y0 E3e/ted -alues *r be+7e+e a+d 1,C(butadie+e i+ bagsa.3les *r t2e baseli+e uel are 40% 33. a+d %0C% 33. res3e/ti-ely0 Atleast t2ree sta+dards ra+gi+g r*. at .i+i.u. =% t* 1=% * t2esee3e/ted -alues .ust be used t* /alibrate t2e dete/t*r0 A+ additi*+alsta+dard * at .*st %0%1 33. .ust als* be .easured t* deter.i+e t2ere5uired li.it * 5ua+tii/ati*+ as des/ribed i+ 3aragra32 d; * t2isse/ti*+0

/; T2e sa.3le i+e/ti*+ si7e used i+ t2e /2r*.at*gra32 .ust besui/ie+t t* be ab*-e t2e lab*rat*ry deter.i+ed li.it *5ua+tii/ati*+ O; as dei+ed i+ 3aragra32 d; * t2is se/ti*+ *r atleast *+e * t2e bag sa.3les0 A /*+tr*l /2art * t2e .easure.e+ts *



t2e sta+dards used t* deter.i+e t2e res3*+se, re3eatability, a+d li.it* 5ua+titati*+ * t2e i+stru.e+tal .et2*d *r 1,C(butadie+e a+dbe+7e+e .ust be re3*rted0

d; As i+ all ty3es * sa.3li+g a+d a+alysis 3r*/edures, g**d

lab*rat*ry 3ra/ti/es .ust be used0 'ee, are+/e, !ri+/i3als *E+-ir*+.e+tal A+alysis, == A+alyti/al "2e.istry 14, at @@1%(@@1& 19&C;/*3ies .ay be *btai+ed r*. t2e 3ublis2er, A.eri/a+ "2e.i/al '*/iety,11== 16t2 'treet NB0, Bas2i+gt*+, 8" @%%C6;0 Re3*rti+g re3r*du/ibility/*+tr*l /2arts a+d li.its * dete/ti*+ .easure.e+ts are i+tegral3r*/edures t* assess t2e -alidity * t2e /2*se+ a+alyti/al .et2*d0 T2ere3eatability * t2e test .et2*d .ust be deter.i+ed by .easuri+g asta+dard 3eri*di/ally duri+g testi+g a+d re/*rdi+g t2e .easured -alues*+ a /*+tr*l /2art0 T2e /*+tr*l /2art s2*s t2e err*r betee+ t2e.easured sta+dard a+d t2e 3re3ared sta+dard /*+/e+trati*+ *r t2e3eri*di/ testi+g0 T2e err*r betee+ t2e .easured sta+dard a+d t2ea/tual sta+dard i+di/ates t2e u+/ertai+ty i+ t2e a+alysis0 T2e li.it *dete/ti*+ O8; is deter.i+ed by re3eatedly .easuri+g a bla+ a+d asta+dard 3re3ared at a /*+/e+trati*+ +ear a+ assu.ed -alue * t2e li.it* dete/ti*+0 I t2e a-erage /*+/e+trati*+ .i+us t2e a-erage * t2ebla+s is greater t2a+ t2ree sta+dard de-iati*+s * t2ese .easure.e+ts,t2e+ t2e li.it * dete/ti*+ is at least as l* as t2e 3re3aredsta+dard0 T2e li.it * 5ua+titati*+ O; is dei+ed as te+ ti.es t2esta+dard de-iati*+ * t2ese .easure.e+ts0 T2is 5ua+tity dei+es t2ea.*u+t * sa.3le re5uired t* be .easured *r a -alid a+alysis0 e; Ot2er sa.3li+g a+d a+alyti/al te/2+i5ues ill be all*ed it2ey /a+ be 3r*-e+ t* 2a-e e5ual s3e/ii/ity a+d e5ual *r better li.its* 5ua+titati*+0 8ata r*. alter+ati-e .et2*ds t2at /a+ be de.*+stratedt* 2a-e e5ui-ale+t *r su3eri*r li.its * dete/ti*+, 3re/isi*+, a+da//ura/y .ay be a//e3ted by t2e Ad.i+istrat*r it2 i+di-idual 3ri*ra33r*-al0

'e/0 &%0=6 Measure.e+t .et2*ds *r *r.alde2yde a+d a/etalde2yde0

a; F*r.alde2yde a+d a/etalde2yde ill be .easured by drai+ge2aust sa.3les r*. 2eated li+es t2r*ug2 eit2er @,4(8i+itr*32e+yl2ydra7i+e 8N!D; i.3reg+ated /artridges *r i.3i+gersilled it2 s*luti*+s * 8N!D i+ a/et*+itrile A"N; as des/ribed i+'e/s0 &601%9 a+d &6014% * t2is /2a3ter *r *r.alde2yde a+alysis08iluted e2aust sa.3le -*lu.es .ust be at least 1= *r i.3i+gers/*+tai+i+g @% .l * abs*rbi+g s*luti*+ usi+g .*re abs*rbi+g s*luti*+i+ t2e i.3i+ger re5uires 3r*3*rti*+ally .*re gas sa.3le t* be tae+;a+d at least 4 *r /artridges0 As re5uired i+ 'e/0 &601%9 * t2is/2a3ter, t* i.3i+gers *r /artridges .ust be /*++e/ted i+ series t*dete/t breat2r*ug2 * t2e irst i.3i+ger *r /artridge0 b; I+ additi*+, sui/ie+t sa.3le .ust be dra+ t2r*ug2 t2e/*lle/ti+g /artridges *r i.3i+gers s* t2at t2e .easured 5ua+tity *



alde2yde is sui/ie+tly greater t2a+ t2e .i+i.u. li.it * 5ua+titati*+* t2e test .et2*d *r at least a 3*rti*+ * t2e e2aust test3r*/edure0 T2e li.it * 5ua+titati*+ is deter.i+ed usi+g t2e te/2+i5uedei+ed i+ 'e/0 &%0==d;0

/; Ea/2 * t2e i.3i+ger sa.3les are 5ua+titati-ely tra+serred t*a @= . -*lu.etri/ las = . .*re t2a+ t2e sa.3le i.3i+ger -*lu.e;a+d br*ug2t t* -*lu.e it2 A"N0 T2e /artridge sa.3les are eluted i+re-ersed dire/ti*+ by gra-ity eed it2 6. * A"N0 T2e eluate is/*lle/ted i+ a graduated test tube a+d .ade u3 t* t2e =. .ar it2

A"N0 *t2 t2e i.3i+ger a+d /artridge sa.3les .ust be a+aly7ed by D!"it2*ut additi*+al sa.3le 3re3arati*+0 d; T2e a+alysis * t2e alde2yde deri-ati-es /*lle/ted isa//*.3lis2ed it2 a 2ig2 3er*r.a+/e li5uid /2r*.at*gra32 D!";0'ta+dards /*+sisti+g * t2e 2ydra7*+e deri-ati-e * *r.alde2yde a+da/etalde2yde are used t* deter.i+e t2e res3*+se, re3eatability, a+dli.it * 5ua+titati*+ * t2e D!" .et2*d /2*se+ *r a/etalde2yde a+d*r.alde2yde0

e; Ot2er sa.3li+g a+d a+alyti/al te/2+i5ues ill be all*ed it2ey /a+ be 3r*-e+ t* 2a-e e5ual s3e/ii/ity a+d e5ual *r better li.its* 5ua+titati*+0 8ata r*. alter+ati-e .et2*ds t2at /a+ be de.*+stratedt* 2a-e e5ui-ale+t *r su3eri*r li.its * dete/ti*+, 3re/isi*+, a+da//ura/y .ay be a//e3ted by t2e Ad.i+istrat*r it2 i+di-idual 3ri*ra33r*-al0

'e/s0 &%0=)(&%0=& [Reser-ed]

'e/0 &%0=9 #e+eral test leet re5uire.e+ts *r -e2i/le testi+g0

a; T2e test leet .ust /*+sist * *+ly 19&9(91 M$ -e2i/les 2i/2are te/2+*l*gi/ally e5ui-ale+t t* 199% M$ -e2i/les, *r * 19&6(&& M$-e2i/les *r 2i/2 +* /2a+ges t* t2e e+gi+e *r e2aust syste. t2at*uld sig+ii/a+tly ae/t e.issi*+s 2a-e bee+ .ade t2r*ug2 t2e 199%.*del year0 T* be te/2+*l*gi/ally e5ui-ale+t -e2i/les .ust 2a-e /l*sedl**3syste.s a+d 3*ssess ada3ti-e lear+i+g0 b; N* .ai+te+a+/e *r re3la/e.e+t * a+y -e2i/le /*.3*+e+t is3er.itted e/e3t 2e+ +e/essary t* e+sure *3erat*r saety *r ass3e/ii/ally 3er.itted i+ 'e/0 &%06% a+d 'e/0 &%0610 All -e2i/le.ai+te+a+/e 3r*/edures .ust be re3*rted t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r0 /; Ea/2 -e2i/le i+ t2e test leet s2all 2a-e +* eer t2a+ 4,%%%.iles * a//u.ulated .ileage 3ri*r t* bei+g i+/luded i+ t2e test3r*gra.0

'e/0 &%06% Test leet re5uire.e+ts *r e2aust e.issi*+ testi+g0

a; "a+didate -e2i/les 2i/2 /*+*r. t* t2e e.issi*+ 3er*r.a+/e



re5uire.e+ts dei+ed i+ 3aragra32s b; t2r*ug2 d; * t2is se/ti*+s2all be *btai+ed dire/tly r*. t2e i+(use leet a+d tested i+ t2eiras(re/ei-ed /*+diti*+0 b; "a+didate -e2i/les *r t2e test leet .ust be s/ree+ed *rt2eir e2aust VO" e.issi*+s i+ a//*rda+/e it2 t2e 3r*-isi*+s i+

'e/0 &%06@0 /; O+ t2e basis * 3retesti+g 3ursua+t t* 3aragra32 b; * t2isse/ti*+, t2e test leet s2all be subdi-ided i+t* t* e.itter gr*u3 subleets:t2e +*r.al e.itter gr*u3 a+d t2e 2ig2er e.itter gr*u30 1; Ea/2 -e2i/le it2 a+ e2aust t*tal 2ydr*/arb*+ TD"; e.issi*+srate 2i/2 is less t2a+ *r e5ual t* ti/e t2e a33li/able e.issi*+ssta+dard s2all be 3la/ed i+ t2e +*r.al e.itter gr*u30 @; Ea/2 -e2i/le it2 a+ e2aust TD" e.issi*+s rate 2i/2 isgreater t2a+ t* ti.es t2e a33li/able e.issi*+s sta+dard s2all be3la/ed i+ t2e 2ig2er e.itter gr*u30 d; T2e test -e2i/les i+ ea/2 e.itter gr*u3 .ust /*+*r. t* t2ere5uire.e+ts * 3aragra32s d;1; t2r*ug2 4; * t2is se/ti*+0 1; Test -e2i/les *r t2e +*r.al e.itter sub(leet .ust be sele/tedr*. t2e list s2*+ i+ t2is 3aragra32 d;1;0 T2is list is arra+ged i+*rder * des/e+di+g -e2i/le 3ri*rity, su/2 t2at t2e *rder i+ 2i/2-e2i/les are added t* t2e +*r.al e.itter sub(leet .ust /*+*r. t* t2e*rder s2*+ e0g0, a te+(-e2i/le +*r.al e.itter gr*u3 sub(leet .ust/*+sist * t2e irst te+ -e2i/les listed i+ t2is 3aragra32 d;1;;0 I.*re -e2i/les are tested t2a+ t2e .i+i.u. +u.ber * -e2i/les re5uired*r t2e +*r.al e.itter sub(leet, additi*+al -e2i/les are t* be addedt* t2e leet i+ t2e *rder s3e/iied i+ t2is 3aragra32 d;1;, begi++i+git2 t2e +et -e2i/le +*t already i+/luded i+ t2e gr*u30 T2e -e2i/lesi+ t2e +*r.al e.itter sub(leet .ust 3*ssess t2e /2ara/teristi/si+di/ated i+ t2e list0 I t2e e+d * t2e list is rea/2ed i+ addi+g-e2i/les t* t2e +*r.al e.itter sub(leet a+d additi*+al -e2i/les aredesired t2e+ t2ey s2all be added begi++i+g it2 -e2i/le +u.ber *+e, a+d.ust be added t* t2e +*r.al e.itter sub(leet i+ a//*rda+/e it2 t2e*rder i+ Table A:

Table A((Test Fleet 8ei+iti*+s

Te/20

Ve20 N*0 Fuel syste. "atalyst Air i+e/ti*+ E#R gr*u3Ma+ua/turer

1000000000000000 Multi0000000000 CB0000000000000 N* Air000000000 E#R000000000000 1 #M0@000000000000000 Multi0000000000 CB0000000000000 N* Air000000000 N* E#R000000000 @ F*rd0C000000000000000 TI000000000000 CB0000000000000 N* Air000000000 E#R000000000000 C #M0



4000000000000000 Multi0000000000 CBQO0000000000 Air000000000000 E#R000000000000 4 F*rd0=000000000000000 Multi0000000000 CB0000000000000 N* Air000000000 E#R000000000000 1 D*+da06000000000000000 Multi0000000000 CB0000000000000 N* Air000000000 N* E#R000000000 @ #M0)000000000000000 TI000000000000 CB0000000000000 N* Air000000000 E#R000000000000 C "2rysler0&000000000000000 Multi0000000000 CBQO0000000000 Air000000000000 E#R000000000000 4 #M0

9000000000000000 TI000000000000 CBQO0000000000 Air000000000000 E#R000000000000 ) "2rysler01%00000000000000 Multi0000000000 CB0000000000000 Air000000000000 E#R000000000000 = T*y*ta01100000000000000 Multi0000000000 CB0000000000000 N* Air000000000 E#R000000000000 1 F*rd01@00000000000000 Multi0000000000 CB0000000000000 N* Air000000000 N* E#R000000000 @ "2rysler01C00000000000000 "arb00000000000 CBQO0000000000 Air000000000000 E#R000000000000 9 T*y*ta01400000000000000 TI000000000000 CB0000000000000 N* Air000000000 E#R000000000000 C F*rd01=00000000000000 Multi0000000000 CBQO0000000000 Air000000000000 E#R000000000000 4 #M01600000000000000 Multi0000000000 CB0000000000000 N* Air000000000 E#R000000000000 1 T*y*ta01)00000000000000 Multi0000000000 CB0000000000000 N* Air000000000 N* E#R000000000 @ Ma7da01&00000000000000 TI000000000000 CB0000000000000 N* Air000000000 E#R000000000000 C #M01900000000000000 Multi0000000000 CBQO0000000000 Air000000000000 E#R000000000000 4 F*rd0@%00000000000000 Multi0000000000 CB0000000000000 N* Air000000000 E#R000000000000 1 Nissa+0

Table ((Te/2 #r*u3 8ei+iti*+s i+ Table A

Te/2 gr*u3 Fuel syste. "atalyst Air i+e/ti*+E#R

10000000000000000 Multi00000000000000000 CB00000000000000000000 N* Air0000000000000000 E#R0@0000000000000000 Multi00000000000000000 CB00000000000000000000 N* Air0000000000000000 N* E#R0C0000000000000000 TI0000000000000000000 CB00000000000000000000 N* Air0000000000000000 E#R040000000000000000 Multi00000000000000000 CBQO00000000000000000 Air0000000000000000000 E#R0=0000000000000000 Multi00000000000000000 CB00000000000000000000 Air0000000000000000000 E#R060000000000000000 TI0000000000000000000 CB00000000000000000000 Air0000000000000000000 E#R0)0000000000000000 TI0000000000000000000 CBQO00000000000000000 Air0000000000000000000 E#R0&0000000000000000 TI0000000000000000000 CB00000000000000000000 N* Air0000000000000000 N* E#R090000000000000000 "arb000000000000000000 CBQO00000000000000000 Air0000000000000000000 E#R0

ege+d:

Fuel syste.:

MultiMulti(3*i+t uel i+e/ti*+ TIT2r*ttle b*dy uel i+e/ti*+ "arb"arburetted



"atalyst:

CBC(Bay /atalyst CBQOC(Bay /atalyst 3lus a+ *idati*+ /atalyst

Air I+e/ti*+:

AirAir i+e/ti*+E#RE2aust gas re/ir/ulati*+

@; Test -e2i/les *r t2e 2ig2er e.itter sub(leet s2all besele/ted r*. t2e i+(use leet i+ a//*rda+/e it2 3aragra32s a; a+db; * t2is se/ti*+ a+d it2 'e/0 &%0=90 Test -e2i/les *r t2e 2ig2ere.itter sub(leet are +*t re5uired t* *ll* t2e 3atter+ establis2ed i+3aragra32 d;1; * t2is se/ti*+0

C; T2e .i+i.u. test leet si7e is @% -e2i/les0 Dal * t2e-e2i/les tested .ust be i+/luded i+ t2e +*r.al e.itter sub(leet a+d2al * t2e -e2i/les tested .ust be i+ t2e 2ig2er e.itter sub(leet0 Iadditi*+al -e2i/les are tested bey*+d t2e .i+i.u. * te+ty -e2i/les,t2e additi*+al -e2i/les s2all be distributed e5ually betee+ t2e +*r.ala+d 2ig2er e.itter sub(leets0

4; F*r ea/2 e.itter gr*u3 sub(leet, )% J3lus(.i+usK 90= * t2esub(leet .ust be 8Vs, U C% J3lus(.i+usK 90= .ust be 8Ts0 8Tsi+/lude lig2t(duty tru/s /lass 1 8T1;, a+d lig2t(duty tru/s /lass @8T@; u3 t* &=%% lbs #VBR0

'e/0 &%061 [Reser-ed]

'e/0 &%06@ Ve2i/le test 3r*/edures t* 3la/e -e2i/les i+ e.itter gr*u3sub(leets0

O+e * t2e t* *ll*i+g test 3r*/edures .ust be used t* s/ree+/a+didate -e2i/les *r t2eir e2aust TD" e.issi*+s t* 3la/e t2e. it2i+t2e e.itter gr*u3 sub(leets i+ a//*rda+/e it2 t2e re5uire.e+ts *'e/0 &%06%0

a; "a+didate -e2i/les .ay be tested *r t2eir e2aust TD"e.issi*+s usi+g t2e ederal test 3r*/edure as detailed i+ 4% "FR 3art&6, it2 gas*li+e /*+*r.i+g t* re5uire.e+ts detailed i+ 4% "FR &6011C(9%0 T2e results s2all be used i+ a//*rda+/e it2 t2e re5uire.e+ts i+'e/0 &%06% t* 3la/e t2e -e2i/les it2i+ t2eir res3e/ti-e e.ittergr*u3s0

b; Alter+ati-ely, /a+didate -e2i/les .ay be s/ree+ed *r t2eire2aust TD" e.issi*+s it2 t2e IM@4% s2*rt test 3r*/edure0P1P T2eresults r*. t2e IM@4% s2all be /*+-erted i+t* results /*.3arable it2t2e sta+dard e2aust FT! as detailed i+ t2is 3aragra32 b; t* 3la/e t2e



-e2i/les it2i+ t2eir res3e/ti-e e.itter gr*u3s i+ a//*rda+/e it2 t2ere5uire.e+ts * 'e/0 &%06%0

P1PE!A Te/2+i/al Re3*rt E!A(AA(T''(91(10 "*3ies .ay be *btai+edby *rderi+g 3ubli/ati*+ +u.ber !9@1%44%= r*. t2e Nati*+alTe/2+i/al I+*r.ati*+ 'er-i/e, =@&= !*rt R*yal R*ad, '3ri+gield,Virgi+ia @@1610

1; A /a+didate -e2i/le it2 IM@4% test results J%0C6) gra.s TD"3er -e2i/le .ile s2all be /lassiied as a +*r.al e.itter0 @; A /a+didate -e2i/le it2 IM@4% test results Jgr(t2+(e5K%0C6)gra.s TD" 3er -e2i/le .ile s2all be /lassiied as a 2ig2er e.itter0

'e/s0 &%06C(&%064 [Reser-ed]

'e/0 &%06= #e+eral re5uire.e+ts *r rei+ers, i.3*rters, a+d *yge+ateble+ders0

a; 8ate re5uire.e+ts begi+0 T2e re5uire.e+ts * t2is sub3art 8a33ly t* all gas*li+e 3r*du/ed, i.3*rted, tra+s3*rted, st*red, s*ld, *rdis3e+sed:

1; At a+y l*/ati*+ *t2er t2a+ retail *utlets a+d 2*lesale3ur/2aser(/*+su.er a/ilities *+ *r ater 8e/e.ber 1, 1994 a+d @; At a+y l*/ati*+ *+ *r ater <a+uary 1, 199=0 b; "ertii/ati*+ * gas*li+e a+d RO0 #as*li+e *r RO s*ld *rdis3e+sed i+ a /*-ered area .ust be /ertiied u+der 'e/0 &%04%0 /; 'ta+dards .ust be .et *+ eit2er a 3er(gall*+ *r *+ a+ a-eragebasis0 1; A+y rei+er *r i.3*rter, *r ea/2 bat/2 * re*r.ulatedgas*li+e *r RO it 3r*du/es *r i.3*rts, s2all .eet: i; T2*se sta+dards a+d re5uire.e+ts it desig+ated u+der 3aragra32d; * t2is se/ti*+ *r 3er(gall*+ /*.3lia+/e *+ a 3er(gall*+ basisa+d

ii; T2*se sta+dards a+d re5uire.e+ts it desig+ated u+der 3aragra32d; * t2is se/ti*+ *r a-erage /*.3lia+/e *+ a+ a-erage basis *-er t2ea33li/able a-eragi+g 3eri*d e/e3t t2at iii; Rei+ers a+d i.3*rters are +*t re5uired t* .eet t2e *yge+sta+dard *r RO0

@; A+y *yge+ate ble+der, *r ea/2 bat/2 * re*r.ulated gas*li+e



it 3r*du/es by ble+di+g *yge+ate it2 RO s2all, subse5ue+t t* t2eadditi*+ * *yge+ate, .eet t2e *yge+ sta+dard eit2er 3er(gall*+ *ra-erage *-er t2e a33li/able a-eragi+g 3eri*d0 C;i; F*r ea/2 a-eragi+g 3eri*d, a+d se3arately *r ea/2 3ara.etert2at .ay be .et eit2er 3er(gall*+ *r *+ a-erage, a+y rei+er s2all

desig+ate *r ea/2 rei+ery, a+d a+y i.3*rter *r *yge+ate ble+ders2all desig+ate, its gas*li+e *r RO as bei+g sube/t t* t2e sta+darda33li/able t* t2at 3ara.eter *+ eit2er a 3er(gall*+ *r a-erage basis0F*r a+y s3e/ii/ a-eragi+g 3eri*d a+d 3ara.eter all bat/2es * gas*li+e*r RO s2all be desig+ated as bei+g sube/t t* t2e 3er(gall*+sta+dard, *r all bat/2es * gas*li+e a+d RO s2all be desig+ated asbei+g sube/t t* t2e a-erage sta+dard0 F*r a+y s3e/ii/ a-eragi+g3eri*d a+d 3ara.eter a rei+er *r a rei+ery, *r a+y i.3*rter *r*yge+ate ble+der, .ay +*t desig+ate /ertai+ bat/2es as bei+g sube/tt* t2e 3er(gall*+ sta+dard a+d *t2ers as bei+g sube/t t* t2e a-eragesta+dard0

ii; I+ t2e e-e+t a+y rei+er *r a rei+ery, *r a+y i.3*rter *r*yge+ate ble+der, ails t* .eet t2e re5uire.e+ts * 3aragra32/;C;i; * t2is se/ti*+ a+d *r a s3e/ii/ a-eragi+g 3eri*d a+d3ara.eter desig+ates /ertai+ bat/2es as bei+g sube/t t* t2e 3er(gall*+sta+dard a+d *t2ers as bei+g sube/t t* t2e a-erage sta+dard, allbat/2es 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted duri+g t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d t2at eredesig+ated as bei+g sube/t t* t2e a-erage sta+dard s2all, ab i+iti*,be redesig+ated as bei+g sube/t t* t2e 3er( gall*+ sta+dard0 T2isredesig+ati*+ s2all a33ly regardless * 2et2er t2e bat/2es i+ 5uesti*+.et *r ailed t* .eet t2e 3er(gall*+ sta+dard *r t2e 3ara.eter i+5uesti*+0

d; 8esig+ati*+ * gas*li+e0 A+y rei+er *r i.3*rter * gas*li+es2all desig+ate t2e gas*li+e it 3r*du/es *r i.3*rts as *ll*s: 1; All gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted s2all be 3r*3erly desig+atedas eit2er re*r.ulated *r /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e, *r as RO0 @; All gas*li+e desig+ated as re*r.ulated *r as RO s2all beurt2er 3r*3erly desig+ated as:

i; Eit2er VO"(/*+tr*lled *r +*t VO"(/*+tr*lled ii; I+ t2e /ase * gas*li+e *r RO desig+ated as VO"(/*+tr*lled,eit2er i+te+ded *r use i+ VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 *r VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ @as dei+ed i+ 'e/0 &%0)1;

iii; Eit2er *yge+ated uels 3r*gra. re*r.ulated gas*li+e, *r +*t*yge+ated uels 3r*gra. re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 #as*li+e *r RO .ustbe desig+ated as *yge+ated uels 3r*gra. re*r.ulated gas*li+e i su/2gas*li+e:

A; "*+tai+s .*re t2a+ @0% eig2t 3er/e+t *yge+ a+d



; Arri-es at a ter.i+al r*. 2i/2 gas*li+e is dis3e+sed i+t*tru/s used t* deli-er gas*li+e t* a+ *yge+ated uels /*+tr*l areait2i+ i-e days 3ri*r t* t2e begi++i+g * t2e *yge+ated uels /*+tr*l3eri*d *r t2at /*+tr*l area

i-; F*r gas*li+e *r RO 3r*du/ed, i.3*rted, s*ld, dis3e+sed *rused duri+g t2e 3eri*d <a+uary 1, 199= t2r*ug2 8e/e.ber C1, 199),eit2er as bei+g sube/t t* t2e si.3le .*del sta+dards, *r t* t2e/*.3le .*del sta+dards

-; F*r ea/2 * t2e *ll*i+g 3ara.eters, eit2er gas*li+e *r RO2i/2 .eets t2e sta+dard a33li/able t* t2at 3ara.eter *+ a 3er(gall*+basis *r *+ a-erage:

A; T*i/s e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e ; NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e "; e+7e+e /*+te+t 8; Bit2 t2e e/e3ti*+ * RO, *yge+ /*+te+t E; I+ t2e /ase * VO"(/*+tr*lled gas*li+e *r RO /ertiied usi+gt2e si.3le .*del, RV! a+d

F; I+ t2e /ase * VO"(/*+tr*lled gas*li+e *r RO /ertiied usi+gt2e /*.3le .*del, VO" e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e a+d -i; I+ t2e /ase * RO, eit2er as RO t2at .ay be ble+ded it2a+y *yge+ate, *r RO t2at .ay be ble+ded it2 a+ et2er *+ly0 C; Ea/2 bat/2 * re*r.ulated *r /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e *r RO3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted at ea/2 rei+ery *r i.3*rt a/ility, *r ea/2 bat/2* ble+dst*/ 3r*du/ed a+d s*ld *r tra+serred i ble+dst*/ a//*u+ti+gis re5uired u+der 'e/0 &%01%1d;1;ii;, s2all be assig+ed a +u.bert2e >>bat/2 +u.ber??;, /*+sisti+g * t2e E!A(assig+ed rei+er,i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der registrati*+ +u.ber, t2e E!A( assig+eda/ility registrati*+ +u.ber, t2e last t* digits * t2e year i+ 2i/2t2e bat/2 as 3r*du/ed, a+d a u+i5ue +u.ber *r t2e bat/2, begi++i+git2 t2e +u.ber *+e *r t2e irst bat/2 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted ea/2/ale+dar year a+d ea/2 subse5ue+t bat/2 duri+g t2e /ale+dar year bei+gassig+ed t2e +et se5ue+tial +u.ber e0g0, 4C@1(4C@1(9=(%%1, 4C@1(4C@1(9=(%%@, et/0;0

e; 8eter.i+ati*+ * 3r*3erties0 1; Ea/2 rei+er *r i.3*rter s2alldeter.i+e t2e -alue * ea/2 * t2e 3r*3erties s3e/iied i+ 3aragra32e;@;i; * t2is se/ti*+ *r ea/2 bat/2 * re*r.ulated gas*li+e it3r*du/es *r i.3*rts 3ri*r t* t2e gas*li+e lea-i+g t2e rei+ery *ri.3*rt a/ility, by /*lle/ti+g a+d a+aly7i+g a re3rese+tati-e sa.3le *gas*li+e tae+ r*. t2e bat/2, usi+g t2e .et2*d*l*gies s3e/iied i+'e/0 &%0460 T2is /*lle/ti*+ a+d a+alysis s2all be /arried *ut eit2er byt2e rei+er *r i.3*rter, *r by a+ i+de3e+de+t lab*rat*ry0 A bat/2 *si.3le .*del re*r.ulated gas*li+e .ay be released by t2e rei+er *r



i.3*rter 3ri*r t* t2e re/ei3t * t2e rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s testresults e/e3t *r test results *r *yge+, be+7e+e, a+d RV!0 @; I+ t2e e-e+t t2at t2e -alues * a+y * t2ese 3r*3erties isdeter.i+ed by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter a+d by a+ i+de3e+de+t lab*rat*ryi+ /*+*r.a+/e it2 t2e re5uire.e+ts * 3aragra32 ; * t2is se/ti*+:

i; T2e results * t2e a+alyses /*+du/ted by t2e rei+er *ri.3*rter *r su/2 3r*3erties s2all be used as t2e basis *r /*.3lia+/edeter.i+ati*+s u+less t2e abs*lute -alue * t2e diere+/es * t2e testresults r*. t2e t* lab*rat*ries is larger t2a+ t2e *ll*i+g -alues:

Fuel 3r*3erty Ra+ge

'ulur /*+te+t000000000000000000000 @= 33. Ar*.ati/s /*+te+t000000000000000000 @0) -*l Olei+s /*+te+t00000000000000000000 @0= -*l e+7e+e /*+te+t00000000000000000000 %0@1 -*l Et2a+*l /*+te+t00000000000000000000 %04 -*l Met2a+*l /*+te+t0000000000000000000 %0@ -*l MTE a+d *t2er .et2yl et2ers; %06 -*l /*+te+t0

ETE a+d *t2er et2yl et2ers; %06 -*l /*+te+t0

TAME0000000000000000000000000000000 %06 -*l t(uta+*l /*+te+t000000000000000000 %06 -*l RV!00000000000000000000000000000000 %0C 3si=% distillati*+0000000000000000000 = deg0F9% distillati*+0000000000000000000 = deg0F

A!I #ra-ity000000000000000000000000 %0C deg0A!I

ii; I+ t2e e-e+t t2e -alues r*. t2e t* lab*rat*ries *r a+y3r*3erty all *utside t2ese ra+ges, t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter s2all useas t2e basis *r /*.3lia+/e deter.i+ati*+s: A; T2e larger * t2e t* -alues *r t2e 3r*3erty, e/e3t t2es.aller * t2e t* results s2all be used *r MTE, et2a+*l, .et2a+*l,*r ETE *r /al/ulati+g /*.3lia+/e it2 all re5uire.e+ts a+d sta+dardse/e3t RV! *r

; T2e rei+er s2all 2a-e t2e gas*li+e a+aly7ed *r t2e 3r*3ertyat *+e additi*+al i+de3e+de+t lab*rat*ry0 I t2is se/*+d i+de3e+de+tlab*rat*ry *btai+s a result *r t2e 3r*3erty t2at is it2i+ t2e ra+ge,



as listed i+ 3aragra32 e;@;i; * t2is se/ti*+, * t2e rei+er?s *ri.3*rter?s result *r t2is 3r*3erty, t2e+ t2e rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?sresult s2all be used as t2e basis *r /*.3lia+/e deter.i+ati*+s0 ; I+de3e+de+t a+alysis re5uire.e+t0 1; A+y rei+er *r i.3*rter* re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO s2all /arry *ut a 3r*gra. *

i+de3e+de+t sa.3le /*lle/ti*+ a+d a+alyses *r t2e re*r.ulatedgas*li+e it 3r*du/es *r i.3*rts, 2i/2 .eets t2e re5uire.e+ts * *+e *t2e *ll*i+g t* *3ti*+s:

i; O3ti*+ 10 T2e rei+er *r i.3*rter s2all, *r ea/2 bat/2 *re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO t2at is 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted, 2a-e t2e-alue *r ea/2 3r*3erty s3e/iied i+ 3aragra32 e;@;i; * t2isse/ti*+ deter.i+ed by a+ i+de3e+de+t lab*rat*ry t2at /*lle/ts a+da+aly7es a re3rese+tati-e sa.3le r*. t2e bat/2 usi+g t2e .et2*d*l*giess3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%0460

ii; O3ti*+ @0 T2e rei+er *r i.3*rter s2all 2a-e a 3eri*di/i+de3e+de+t testi+g 3r*gra. /arried *ut *r all re*r.ulated gas*li+e3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted, 2i/2 s2all /*+sist * t2e *ll*i+g: A; A+ i+de3e+de+t lab*rat*ry s2all /*lle/t a re3rese+tati-e sa.3ler*. ea/2 bat/2 * re*r.ulated gas*li+e t2at t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter3r*du/es *r i.3*rts

; E!A ill ide+tiy u3 t* te+ 3er/e+t * t2e t*tal +u.ber *sa.3les /*lle/ted u+der 3aragra32 ;1;ii;A; * t2is se/ti*+ a+d "; T2e desig+ated i+de3e+de+t lab*rat*ry s2all, *r ea/2 sa.3leide+tiied by E!A u+der 3aragra32 ;1;ii;; * t2is se/ti*+,deter.i+e t2e -alue *r ea/2 3r*3erty usi+g t2e .et2*d*l*gies s3e/iiedi+ 'e/0 &%0460

@;i; A+y rei+er *r i.3*rter s2all desig+ate *+e i+de3e+de+tlab*rat*ry *r ea/2 rei+ery *r i.3*rt a/ility at 2i/2 re*r.ulatedgas*li+e *r RO is 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted0 T2is i+de3e+de+t lab*rat*ryill /*lle/t sa.3les a+d 3er*r. a+alyses i+ /*.3lia+/e it2 t2ere5uire.e+ts * t2is 3aragra32 ; * t2is se/ti*+0 ii; A+y rei+er *r i.3*rter s2all ide+tiy t2is desig+atedi+de3e+de+t lab*rat*ry t* E!A u+der t2e registrati*+ re5uire.e+ts *'e/0 &%0)60

iii; I+ *rder t* be /*+sidered i+de3e+de+t: A; T2e lab*rat*ry s2all +*t be *3erated by a+y rei+er *ri.3*rter, a+d s2all +*t be *3erated by a+y subsidiary *r e.3l*yee *a+y rei+er *r i.3*rter ; T2e lab*rat*ry s2all be ree r*. a+y i+terest i+ a+y rei+er*r i.3*rter a+d "; T2e rei+er *r i.3*rter s2all be ree r*. a+y i+terest i+ t2elab*rat*ry 2*e-er



8; N*tit2sta+di+g t2e restri/ti*+s i+ 3aragra32s ;@;iii; A;t2r*ug2 "; * t2is se/ti*+, a lab*rat*ry s2all be /*+sideredi+de3e+de+t i it is *+ed *r *3erated by a gas*li+e 3i3eli+e /*.3a+y,regardless * *+ers2i3 *r *3erati*+ * t2e gas*li+e 3i3eli+e /*.3a+yby rei+ers *r i.3*rters, 3r*-ided t2at su/2 3i3eli+e /*.3a+y is *+ed

a+d *3erated by *ur *r .*re rei+ers *r i.3*rters0 i-; se * a lab*rat*ry t2at is debarred, sus3e+ded, *r 3r*3*sed*r debar.e+t 3ursua+t t* t2e #*-er+.e+tide 8ebar.e+t a+d 'us3e+si*+regulati*+s, 4% "FR 3art C@, *r t2e 8ebar.e+t, 'us3e+si*+ a+dI+eligibility 3r*-isi*+s * t2e Federal A/5uisiti*+ Regulati*+s, 4& "FR3art 9, sub3art 904, s2all be dee.ed +*+/*.3lia+/e it2 t2ere5uire.e+ts * t2is 3aragra32 ;0

-; A+y lab*rat*ry t2at ails t* /*.3ly it2 t2e re5uire.e+ts *t2is 3aragra32 ; s2all be sube/t t* debar.e+t *r sus3e+si*+ u+der#*-er+.e+tide 8ebar.e+t a+d 'us3e+si*+ regulati*+s, 4% "FR 3art C@, *rt2e 8ebar.e+t, 'us3e+si*+ a+d I+eligibility regulati*+s, Federal

A/5uisiti*+ Regulati*+s, 4& "FR 3art 9, sub3art 9040 C; A+y rei+er *r i.3*rter s2all, *r all sa.3les /*lle/ted *ra+aly7ed 3ursua+t t* t2e re5uire.e+ts * t2is 3aragra32 ;, /ause itsdesig+ated i+de3e+de+t lab*rat*ry:

i; At t2e ti.e t2e desig+ated i+de3e+de+t lab*rat*ry /*lle/ts are3rese+tati-e sa.3le r*. a bat/2 * re*r.ulated gas*li+e, t*: A; Obtai+ t2e rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s assig+ed bat/2 +u.ber *rt2e bat/2 bei+g sa.3led ; 8eter.i+e t2e -*lu.e * t2e bat/2 "; 8eter.i+e t2e ide+tii/ati*+ +u.ber * t2e gas*li+e st*rageta+ *r ta+s i+ 2i/2 t2e bat/2 as st*red at t2e ti.e t2e sa.3le as/*lle/ted 8; 8eter.i+e t2e date a+d ti.e t2e bat/2 be/a.e i+is2edre*r.ulated gas*li+e, a+d t2e date a+d ti.e t2e sa.3le as /*lle/ted E; 8eter.i+e t2e grade * t2e bat/2 e0g0, 3re.iu., .id(grade, *rregular; a+d F; I+ t2e /ase * re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*du/ed t2r*ug2 /*.3uter/*+tr*lledi+(li+e ble+di+g, deter.i+e t2e date a+d ti.e t2e ble+di+g3r*/ess bega+ a+d t2e date a+d ti.e t2e ble+di+g 3r*/ess e+ded, u+lessee.3t u+der 3aragra32 ;4; * t2is se/ti*+ ii; T* retai+ ea/2 sa.3le /*lle/ted 3ursua+t t* t2e re5uire.e+ts* t2is 3aragra32 ; *r a 3eri*d * C% days, e/e3t t2at t2is 3eri*ds2all be ete+ded t* a 3eri*d * u3 t* 1&% days u3*+ re5uest by E!A iii; T* sub.it t* E!A 3eri*di/ re3*rts, as *ll*s: A; A re3*rt *r t2e 3eri*d <a+uary t2r*ug2 Mar/2 s2all besub.itted by May C1 a re3*rt *r t2e 3eri*d A3ril t2r*ug2 <u+e s2allbe sub.itted by August C1 a re3*rt *r t2e 3eri*d <uly t2r*ug2'e3te.ber s2all be sub.itted by N*-e.ber C% a+d a re3*rt *r t2e3eri*d O/t*ber t2r*ug2 8e/e.ber s2all be sub.itted by February @&



; Ea/2 re3*rt s2all i+/lude, *r ea/2 sa.3le * re*r.ulatedgas*li+e t2at as a+aly7ed 3ursua+t t* t2e re5uire.e+ts * t2is3aragra32 ;:

1; T2e results * t2e i+de3e+de+t lab*rat*ry?s a+alyses *r ea/2

3r*3erty a+d

@; T2e i+*r.ati*+ s3e/iied i+ 3aragra32 ;C;i; * t2isse/ti*+ *r su/2 sa.3le a+d

i-; T* su33ly t* E!A, u3*+ E!A?s re5uest, a+y sa.3le /*lle/ted *ra 3*rti*+ * a+y su/2 sa.3le0

4; A+y rei+er t2at 3r*du/es re*r.ulated gas*li+e usi+g /*.3uter/*+tr*lledi+(li+e ble+di+g e5ui3.e+t is ee.3t r*. t2e i+de3e+de+tsa.3li+g a+d testi+g re5uire.e+ts s3e/iied i+ 3aragra32s ; 1;t2r*ug2 C; * t2is se/ti*+, 3r*-ided t2at su/2 rei+er: i; Obtai+s r*. E!A a+ ee.3ti*+ r*. t2ese re5uire.e+ts0 I+ *rdert* see su/2 a+ ee.3ti*+, t2e rei+er s2all sub.it a 3etiti*+ t* E!A,su/2 3etiti*+ t* i+/lude:

A; A des/ri3ti*+ * t2e rei+er?s /*.3uter(/*+tr*lled i+(li+eble+di+g *3erati*+, i+/ludi+g a des/ri3ti*+ *: 1; T2e l*/ati*+ * t2e *3erati*+ @; T2e le+gt2 * ti.e t2e rei+er 2as used t2e *3erati*+ C; T2e -*lu.es * gas*li+e 3r*du/ed usi+g t2e *3erati*+ si+/e t2erei+er bega+ t2e *3erati*+ *r duri+g t2e 3re-i*us t2ree years,2i/2e-er is s2*rter, by grade

4; T2e .*-e.e+t * t2e gas*li+e 3r*du/ed usi+g t2e *3erati*+ t*t2e 3*i+t * u+gible .ii+g, i+/ludi+g a+y 3*i+ts 2ere all *r3*rti*+s * t2e gas*li+e 3r*du/ed is a//u.ulated i+ gas*li+e st*rageta+s

=; T2e 32ysi/al lay(*ut * t2e *3erati*+ 6; T2e aut*.ated /*+tr*l syste., i+/ludi+g t2e .et2*d *.*+it*ri+g a+d /*+tr*lli+g ble+d 3r*3erties a+d 3r*3*rti*+s ); A+y sa.3li+g a+d a+alysis * gas*li+e t2at is /*+du/ted as a3art * t2e *3erati*+, i+/ludi+g *+(li+e, *(li+e, a+d /*.3*site, a+da des/ri3ti*+ * t2e .et2*ds * sa.3li+g, t2e .et2*ds * a+alysis, t2e3ara.eters a+aly7ed a+d t2e re5ue+/y * su/2 a+alyses, a+d a+yritte+, 3ri+ted, *r /*.3uter(st*red results * su/2 a+alyses,i+/ludi+g i+*r.ati*+ *+ t2e rete+ti*+ * su/2 results &; A+y sa.3li+g a+d a+alysis * gas*li+e 3r*du/ed by t2e *3erati*+t2at *//urs d*+strea. r*. t2e ble+di+g *3erati*+ 3ri*r t* u+gible.ii+g * t2e gas*li+e, i+/ludi+g a+y su/2 sa.3li+g a+d a+alysis by t2erei+er a+d by a+y 3ur/2aser, 3i3eli+e *r *t2er /arrier, *r by



i+de3e+de+t lab*rat*ries

9; A+y 5uality assura+/e 3r*/edures t2at are /arried *ut *-er t2e*3erati*+ a+d

1%; A+y *//asi*+s; duri+g t2e 3re-i*us t2ree years 2e+ t2erei+er adusted a+y 32ysi/al *r /2e.i/al 3r*3erty * a+y gas*li+e3r*du/ed usi+g t2e *3erati*+ d*+strea. r*. t2e *3erati*+, i+/ludi+gt2e +ature * t2e adust.e+t a+d t2e reas*+ t2e gas*li+e 2ad 3r*3ertiest2at re5uired adust.e+t a+d

; A des/ri3ti*+ * t2e i+de3e+de+t audit 3r*gra. * t2e rei+er?s/*.3uter(/*+tr*lled i+(li+e ble+di+g *3erati*+ t2at t2e rei+er3r*3*ses ill satisy t2e re5uire.e+ts * t2is 3aragra32 ;4; a+d ii; "arries *ut a+ i+de3e+de+t audit 3r*gra. * t2e rei+er?s/*.3uter(/*+tr*lled i+(li+e ble+di+g *3erati*+, su/2 3r*gra. t*i+/lude:

A; F*r ea/2 bat/2 * re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*du/ed usi+g t2e*3erati*+, a re-ie * t2e d*/u.e+ts ge+erated t2at is sui/ie+t t*deter.i+e t2e 3r*3erties a+d -*lu.e * t2e gas*li+e 3r*du/ed ; Audits t2at *//ur +* less re5ue+tly t2a+ a++ually "; Re3*rts * t2e results * su/2 audits sub.itted t* t2e rei+er,a+d t* E!A by t2e audit*r +* later t2a+ February @& * ea/2 year 8; Audits t2at are /*+du/ted by a+ audit*r t2at .eets t2e +*+debarred/riteria s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%01@= a; a+dL*r d; a+d iii; "*.3lies it2 a+y *t2er re5uire.e+ts t2at E!A i+/ludes as3art * t2e ee.3ti*+0

g; Mari+g * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e0 [Reser-ed] 2; "*.3lia+/e audits0 A+y rei+er, i.3*rter, a+d *yge+ate ble+der* a+y re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO s2all 2a-e t2e re*r.ulatedgas*li+e *r RO it 3r*du/ed, i.3*rted, *r ble+ded duri+g ea/2 /ale+daryear audited *r /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e re5uire.e+ts * t2is sub3art 8, i+a//*rda+/e it2 t2e re5uire.e+ts * sub3art F * t2is 3art, at t2e/*+/lusi*+ * ea/2 /ale+dar year0

i; E/lusi*+ r*. /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s * gas*li+e re/ei-edr*. *t2ers0 A+y rei+er *r ea/2 rei+ery, a+y *yge+ate ble+der *rea/2 *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility, a+d a+y i.3*rter s2all e/lude r*.all /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s t2e -*lu.e a+d 3r*3erties * a+yre*r.ulated gas*li+e t2at is 3r*du/ed at a+*t2er rei+ery *r *yge+ateble+di+g a/ility *r i.3*rted by a+*t2er i.3*rter0

'e/0 &%066 "al/ulati*+ * re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*3erties0

a; All -*lu.e .easure.e+ts re5uired by t2ese regulati*+s s2all be



te.3erature adusted t* 6% degrees Fa2re+2eit0 b; T2e 3er/e+tage * *yge+ by eig2t /*+tai+ed i+ a gas*li+eble+d, based u3*+ its 3er/e+tage *yge+ate by -*lu.e a+d de+sity, s2alle/lude de+atura+ts a+d ater0

/; T2e 3r*3erties * re*r.ulated gas*li+e /*+sist * 3er(gall*+-alues se3arately a+d i+di-idually deter.i+ed *+ a bat/2(by(bat/2 basisusi+g t2e .et2*d*l*gies s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%046 *r ea/2 * t2*se32ysi/al a+d /2e.i/al 3ara.eters +e/essary t* deter.i+e /*.3lia+/e it2t2e sta+dards t* 2i/2 t2e gas*li+e is sube/t, a+d 3er(gall*+ -alues*r t2e VO", NOJINFK, a+d t*i/s e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e sta+dards t*2i/2 t2e gas*li+e is sube/t0

d; !er(gall*+ *yge+ /*+te+t s2all be deter.i+ed based u3*+ t2eeig2t 3er/e+t *yge+ * a re3rese+tati-e sa.3le * gas*li+e, usi+g t2e.et2*d set *rt2 i+ 'e/0 &%046g;0 T2e t*tal *yge+ /*+te+t ass*/iatedit2 a bat/2 * gas*li+e i+ 3er/e+t(gall*+s; is /al/ulated by.ulti3lyi+g t2e eig2t 3er/e+t *yge+ /*+te+t ti.es t2e -*lu.e0 e; !er(gall*+ be+7e+e /*+te+t s2all be deter.i+ed based u3*+ t2e-*lu.e 3er/e+t be+7e+e * a re3rese+tati-e sa.3le * a bat/2 *gas*li+e by t2e .et2*d set *rt2 i+ 'e/0 &%046e;0 T2e t*tal be+7e+e/*+te+t ass*/iated it2 a bat/2 * gas*li+e i+ 3er/e+t(gall*+s; is/al/ulated by .ulti3lyi+g t2e -*lu.e 3er/e+t be+7e+e /*+te+t ti.es t2e-*lu.e0

; !er(gall*+ RV! s2all be deter.i+ed based u3*+ t2e .easure.e+t* RV! * a re3rese+tati-e sa.3le * a bat/2 * gas*li+e by t2esa.3li+g .et2*d*l*gies s3e/iied i+ A33e+di 8 * t2is 3art a+d t2etesti+g .et2*d*l*gy s3e/iied i+ A33e+di E * t2is 3art0 T2e t*tal RV!-alue ass*/iated it2 a bat/2 * gas*li+e i+ RV!(gall*+s; is/al/ulated by .ulti3lyi+g t2e RV! ti.es t2e -*lu.e0 g; 1; !er(gall*+ -alues *r VO" a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s redu/ti*+s2all be /al/ulated usi+g t2e .et2*d*l*gy s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%046 t2atis a33r*3riate *r t2e gas*li+e0

@; !er(gall*+ -alues *r t*i/ e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+s2all be establis2ed usi+g:

i; F*r gas*li+e sube/t t* t2e si.3le .*del, t2e .et2*d*l*gy u+der'e/0 &%04@ t2at is a33r*3riate *r t2e gas*li+e a+d ii; F*r gas*li+e sube/t t* t2e /*.3le .*del, t2e .et2*d*l*gys3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%046 t2at is a33r*3riate *r t2e gas*li+e0 C; T2e t*tal VO", NOJINFK, a+d t*i/ e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/eredu/ti*+ -alues ass*/iated it2 a bat/2 * gas*li+e i+ 3er/e+tredu/ti*+(gall*+s; is /al/ulated by .ulti3lyi+g t2e 3er(gall*+ 3er/e+te.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+ ti.es t2e -*lu.e * t2e bat/20



'e/0 &%06) "*.3lia+/e *+ a-erage0

T2e re5uire.e+ts * t2is se/ti*+ a33ly t* all re*r.ulated gas*li+ea+d RO 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted *r 2i/2 /*.3lia+/e it2 *+e *r .*re *t2e re5uire.e+ts * 'e/0 &%041 is deter.i+ed *+ a-erage >>a-eraged

gas*li+e??;0

a; "*.3lia+/e sur-ey re5uired i+ *rder t* .eet sta+dards *+a-erage0 1; A+y rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der t2at /*.3liesit2 t2e /*.3lia+/e sur-ey re5uire.e+ts * 'e/0 &%06& 2as t2e *3ti*+ *.eeti+g t2e sta+dards s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%041 *r a-erage /*.3lia+/e i+additi*+ t* t2e *3ti*+ * .eeti+g t2e sta+dards s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%041*r 3er(gall*+ /*.3lia+/e a+y rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+dert2at d*es +*t /*.3ly it2 t2e sur-ey re5uire.e+ts .ust .eet t2esta+dards s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%041 *r 3er(gall*+ /*.3lia+/e, a+d d*es+*t 2a-e t2e *3ti*+ * .eeti+g sta+dards *+ a-erage0 @;i;A; A rei+er *r i.3*rter t2at 3r*du/es *r i.3*rtsre*r.ulated gas*li+e t2at e/eeds t2e a-erage sta+dards *r *yge+ *rbe+7e+e but +*t *r *t2er 3ara.eters t2at 2a-e a-erage sta+dards; .ayuse su/2 gas*li+e t* *set re*r.ulated gas*li+e 2i/2 d*es +*ta/2ie-e su/2 a-erage sta+dards, but *+ly i t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+et2at d*es +*t a/2ie-e su/2 a-erage sta+dards is s*ld t* ulti.ate/*+su.ers i+ t2e sa.e /*-ered area as as t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e2i/2 e/eeds a-erage sta+dards 3r*-ided t2at ; !ri*r t* t2e begi++i+g * t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d 2e+ t2ea-eragi+g a33r*a/2 des/ribed i+ 3aragra32 a;@;i;A; * t2is se/ti*+is used, t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter *btai+s a33r*-al r*. E!A0 I+ *rder t*see su/2 a33r*-al, t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter s2all sub.it a 3etiti*+ t*E!A, su/2 3etiti*+ t* i+/lude:

1; T2e ide+tii/ati*+ * t2e rei+er a+d rei+ery, *r i.3*rter,t2e /*-ered area, a+d t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d a+d @; A detailed des/ri3ti*+ * t2e 3r*/edures t2e rei+er *ri.3*rter ill use t* e+sure t2e gas*li+e is 3r*du/ed by t2e rei+er *ris i.3*rted by t2e i.3*rter a+d is used *+ly i+ t2e /*-ered area i+5uesti*+ a+d is +*t used i+ a+y *t2er /*-ered area, a+d t2e re/*rdee3i+g, re3*rti+g, auditi+g, a+d *t2er 5uality assura+/e .easures t2atill be *ll*ed t* establis2 t2e gas*li+e is used as i+te+ded a+d "; T2e rei+er *r i.3*rter 3r*3erly /*.3letes a+y re5uire.e+tst2at are s3e/iied by E!A as /*+diti*+s *r a33r*-al * t2e 3etiti*+0 ii; A+y rei+er *r i.3*rter t2at .eets t2e re5uire.e+ts *3aragra32 a;@;i; * t2is se/ti*+ ill be dee.ed t* 2a-e satisiedt2e /*.3lia+/e sur-ey re5uire.e+ts * 'e/0 &%06& *r t2e /*-ered areai+ 5uesti*+0

b; '/*3e * a-eragi+g0 1; A+y rei+er s2all .eet all a33li/ablea-eraged sta+dards se3arately *r ea/2 * t2e rei+er?s rei+eries



@;i; A+y i.3*rter s2all .eet all a33li/able a-eraged sta+dards *+t2e basis * all a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d RO i.3*rted byt2e i.3*rter e/e3t t2at

ii; A+y i.3*rter t* 2*. diere+t sta+dards a33ly *r gas*li+e

i.3*rted at diere+t a/ilities by *3erati*+ * 'e/0 &%041i;, s2all.eet t2e a-eraged sta+dards se3arately *r t2e a-eraged re*r.ulatedgas*li+e a+d RO i.3*rted i+t* ea/2 gr*u3 * a/ilities t2at issube/t t* t2e sa.e sta+dards a+d

C; A+y *yge+ate ble+der s2all .eet t2e a-eraged sta+dard *r*yge+ se3arately *r ea/2 * t2e *yge+ate ble+der?s *yge+ateble+di+g a/ilities, e/e3t t2at a+y *yge+ate ble+der .ay gr*u3 t2ea-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*du/ed at a/ilities at 2i/2 gas*li+eis 3r*du/ed *r use i+ a si+gle /*-ered area0 /; RV! a+d VO" e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+ /*.3lia+/e *+a-erage0 1; T2e VO"(/*+tr*lled re*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d RO 3r*du/edat a+y rei+ery *r i.3*rted by a+y i.3*rter duri+g t2e 3eri*d <a+uary 1t2r*ug2 'e3te.ber 1= * ea/2 /ale+dar year 2i/2 is desig+ated *ra-erage /*.3lia+/e *r RV! *r VO" e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e *+ a-erage .ust.eet t2e sta+dards *r RV! i+ t2e /ase * a rei+ery *r i.3*rtersube/t t* t2e si.3le .*del sta+dards; *r t2e sta+dards *r VO"e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+ i+ t2e /ase * a rei+ery *r i.3*rtersube/t t* t2e /*.3le .*del sta+dards; 2i/2 are a33li/able t* t2atrei+ery *r i.3*rter as *ll*s:

i; #as*li+e a+d RO desig+ated *r VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 .ust .eett2e sta+dards *r t2at Regi*+ 2i/2 are a33li/able t* t2at rei+ery *ri.3*rter a+d

ii; #as*li+e a+d RO desig+ated *r VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ @ .ust.eet t2e sta+dards *r t2at Regi*+ 2i/2 are a33li/able t* t2atrei+ery *r i.3*rter0

@; I+ t2e /ase * a rei+ery *r i.3*rter sube/t t* t2e si.3le.*del sta+dards, ea/2 gall*+ * re*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d ROdesig+ated as bei+g VO"(/*+tr*lled .ay +*t e/eed t2e .ai.u. sta+dards*r RV! s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%041b; 2i/2 are a33li/able t* t2at rei+er*r i.3*rter0

C; I+ t2e /ase * a rei+ery *r i.3*rter sube/t t* t2e /*.3le.*del sta+dards, ea/2 gall*+ * re*r.ulated gas*li+e desig+ated asbei+g VO"(/*+tr*lled .ust e5ual *r e/eed t2e .i+i.u. sta+dards *r VO"e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%041 2i/2 are a33li/able t*t2at rei+ery *r i.3*rter0

d; T*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ a+d be+7e+e /*.3lia+/e *+ a-erage0



1; T2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d *r t2e re5uire.e+ts *r be+7e+e /*+te+t a+dt*i/s e.issi*+ 3er*r.a+/e is <a+uary 1 t2r*ug2 8e/e.ber C1 * ea/2year0

@; T2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d RO 3r*du/ed at a+y rei+ery *r

i.3*rted by a+y i.3*rter duri+g t2e t*i/s e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e a+dbe+7e+e a-eragi+g 3eri*ds t2at is desig+ated *r a-erage /*.3lia+/e *rt2ese 3ara.eters s2all *+ a-erage .eet t2e sta+dards s3e/iied *rt*i/s e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e a+d be+7e+e i+ 'e/0 &%041 2i/2 area33li/able t* t2at rei+ery *r i.3*rter0 C; Ea/2 gall*+ * re*r.ulated gas*li+e .ay +*t e/eed t2e .ai.u.sta+dard *r be+7e+e /*+te+t s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%041 2i/2 isa33li/able t* t2at rei+ery *r i.3*rter0 e; NOJINFK /*.3lia+/e *+ a-erage0 1; T2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d *rNOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e is <a+uary 1 t2r*ug2 8e/e.ber C1 * ea/2year0

@; T2e re5uire.e+ts * t2is 3aragra32 e; a33ly se3arately t*re*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d RO i+ t2e *ll*i+g /ateg*ries: i; All re*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d RO t2at is desig+ated as VO"/*+tr*lleda+d

ii; All re*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d RO t2at is +*t desig+ated asVO"(/*+tr*lled0

C; T2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d RO 3r*du/ed at a+y rei+ery *ri.3*rted by a+y i.3*rter duri+g t2e NOJINFK a-eragi+g 3eri*d t2at isdesig+ated *r a-erage /*.3lia+/e *r NOJINFK s2all *+ a-erage .eett2e sta+dards *r NOJINFK s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%041 t2at are a33li/ablet* t2at rei+ery *r i.3*rter0

4; Ea/2 gall*+ * re*r.ulated gas*li+e .ust e5ual *r e/eed t2e.i+i.u. sta+dards *r NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e s3e/iied i+'e/0 &%041 2i/2 are a33li/able t* t2at rei+ery *r i.3*rter0 ; Oyge+ /*.3lia+/e *+ a-erage0 1; T2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d *r t2e*yge+ /*+te+t re5uire.e+ts is <a+uary 1 t2r*ug2 8e/e.ber C1 * ea/2year0

@; T2e re5uire.e+ts * t2is 3aragra32 ; a33ly se3arately t*re*r.ulated gas*li+e i+ t2e *ll*i+g /ateg*ries: i; All re*r.ulated gas*li+e

ii; All re*r.ulated gas*li+e t2at is +*t desig+ated as bei+gO!R# a+d

iii; I+ t2e /ase * re*r.ulated gas*li+e /ertiied u+der t2esi.3le .*del, t2at 2i/2 is desig+ated as VO"( /*+tr*lled0



C; T2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*du/ed at a+y rei+ery *r i.3*rtedby a+y i.3*rter duri+g t2e *yge+ a-eragi+g 3eri*d t2at is desig+ated*r a-erage /*.3lia+/e *r *yge+ s2all *+ a-erage .eet t2e sta+dards*r *yge+ s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%041 t2at is a33li/able t* t2at rei+ery*r i.3*rter0

4; T2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e t2at is 3r*du/ed at a+y *yge+ateble+di+g a/ility by ble+di+g RO it2 *yge+ate t2at is desig+ated*r a-erage /*.3lia+/e *r *yge+ s2all *+ a-erage .eet t2e sta+dards*r *yge+ s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%041 t2at is a33li/able t* t2at *yge+ateble+di+g a/ility0

=; Ea/2 gall*+ * re*r.ulated gas*li+e .ust .eet t2e a33li/able.i+i.u. re5uire.e+ts, a+d i+ t2e /ase * si.3le .*del re*r.ulatedgas*li+e t2e .i+i.u. a+d .ai.u. re5uire.e+ts, *r *yge+ /*+te+ts3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%0410

g; "*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+0 T* deter.i+e /*.3lia+/e it2 t2ea-eraged sta+dards i+ 'e/0 &%041, a+y rei+er *r ea/2 * itsrei+eries at 2i/2 a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO is 3r*du/ed,a+y *yge+ate ble+der *r ea/2 * its *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ilities at2i/2 *yge+ a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e is 3r*du/ed, a+d a+yi.3*rter t2at i.3*rts a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO s2all, *rea/2 a-eragi+g 3eri*d a+d *r ea/2 3*rti*+ * gas*li+e *r 2i/2sta+dards .ust be se3arately a/2ie-ed, a+d *r ea/2 rele-a+t sta+dard,/al/ulate:

1;i; T2e /*.3lia+/e t*tal usi+g t2e *ll*i+g *r.ula:

J#RA!DI"KJTIF)KTR16FE940%%)

2ere

VJINFKit2e -*lu.e * gas*li+e bat/2 istdt2e sta+dard *r t2e 3ara.eter bei+g e-aluated+t2e +u.ber * bat/2es * gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted duri+g t2ea-eragi+g 3eri*d

a+d

ii; T2e a/tual t*tal usi+g t2e *ll*i+g *r.ula:

J#RA!DI"KJTIF&KTR16FE940%%&

2ere

VJINFKit2e -*lu.e * gas*li+e bat/2 i



3ar.JINFKit2e 3ara.eter -alue * gas*li+e bat/2 i+t2e +u.ber * bat/2es * gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted duri+g t2ea-eragi+g 3eri*d

@; F*r ea/2 sta+dard, /*.3are t2e a/tual t*tal it2 t2e /*.3lia+/e

t*tal0

C; F*r t2e VO", NOJINFK, a+d t*i/s e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e a+d*yge+ sta+dards, t2e a/tual t*tals .ust be e5ual t* *r greater t2a+t2e /*.3lia+/e t*tals t* a/2ie-e /*.3lia+/e0 4; F*r RV! a+d be+7e+e sta+dards, t2e a/tual t*tal .ust be e5ualt* *r less t2a+ t2e /*.3lia+/e t*tals t* a/2ie-e /*.3lia+/e0 =; I t2e a/tual t*tal *r t2e *yge+ sta+dard is less t2a+ t2e/*.3lia+/e t*tal, *r i t2e a/tual t*tal *r t2e be+7e+e sta+dard isgreater t2a+ t2e /*.3lia+/e t*tal, /redits *r t2ese 3ara.eters .ust be*btai+ed r*. a+*t2er rei+er, i.3*rter *r i+ t2e /ase * *yge+;*yge+ate ble+der i+ *rder t* a/2ie-e /*.3lia+/e: i; T2e t*tal +u.ber * *yge+ /redits re5uired t* a/2ie-e/*.3lia+/e is /al/ulated by subtra/ti+g t2e a/tual t*tal r*. t2e/*.3lia+/e t*tal *yge+ a+d

ii; T2e t*tal +u.ber * be+7e+e /redits re5uired t* a/2ie-e/*.3lia+/e is /al/ulated by subtra/ti+g t2e /*.3lia+/e t*tal r*. t2ea/tual t*tal be+7e+e0

6; I t2e a/tual t*tal *r t2e *yge+ sta+dard is greater t2a+ t2e/*.3lia+/e t*tal, *r i t2e a/tual t*tal *r t2e be+7e+e sta+dard isless t2a+ t2e /*.3lia+/e t*tals, /redits *r t2ese 3ara.eters arege+erated:

i; T2e t*tal +u.ber * *yge+ /redits 2i/2 .ay be traded t*a+*t2er rei+ery, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der is /al/ulated bysubtra/ti+g t2e /*.3lia+/e t*tal r*. t2e a/tual t*tal *r *yge+ a+d ii; T2e t*tal +u.ber * be+7e+e /redits 2i/2 .ay be traded t*a+*t2er rei+ery *r i.3*rter is /al/ulated by subtra/ti+g t2e a/tualt*tal r*. t2e /*.3lia+/e t*tal *r be+7e+e0 2; "redit tra+sers0 1; "*.3lia+/e it2 t2e a-eraged sta+dardss3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%041 *r *yge+ a+d be+7e+e but *r +* *t2ersta+dards *r re5uire.e+ts; .ay be a/2ie-ed t2r*ug2 t2e tra+ser **yge+ a+d be+7e+e /redits 3r*-ided t2at: i; T2e /redits ere ge+erated i+ t2e sa.e a-eragi+g 3eri*d as t2eyare used

ii; T2e /redit tra+ser taes 3la/e +* later t2a+ itee+ *ri+gdays *ll*i+g t2e e+d * t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d i+ 2i/2 t2ere*r.ulated gas*li+e /redits ere ge+erated iii; T2e /redits are 3r*3erly /reated



i-; T2e /redits are tra+serred dire/tly r*. t2e rei+er,i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der t2at /reates t2e /redits t* t2e rei+er,i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der t2at uses t2e /redits t* a/2ie-e/*.3lia+/e

-; Oyge+ /redits are ge+erated, tra+serred, a+d used: A; I+ t2e /ase * gas*li+e sube/t t* t2e si.3le .*del sta+dards,*+ly i+ t2e *ll*i+g /ateg*ries:

1; VO"(/*+tr*lled, +*+(O!R# @; N*+(VO"(/*+tr*lled, +*+(O!R# C; N*+(VO"(/*+tr*lled, O!R# a+d 4; VO"(/*+tr*lled, O!R# a+d

; I+ t2e /ase * gas*li+e sube/t t* t2e /*.3le .*del sta+dards,*+ly i+ t2e *ll*i+g /ateg*ries:

1; O!R# a+d @; N*+(O!R#

-i; Oyge+ /redits ge+erated r*. gas*li+e sube/t t* t2e /*.3le.*del sta+dards are +*t used t* a/2ie-e /*.3lia+/e *r gas*li+e sube/tt* t2e si.3le .*del sta+dards

-ii; Oyge+ /redits are +*t used t* a/2ie-e /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e.i+i.u. *yge+ /*+te+t sta+dards i+ 'e/0 &%041 a+d -iii; e+7e+e /redits are +*t used t* a/2ie-e /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e.ai.u. be+7e+e /*+te+t sta+dards i+ 'e/0 &%0410 @; N* 3arty .ay tra+ser a+y /redits t* t2e ete+t su/2 a tra+ser*uld result i+ t2e tra+ser*r 2a-i+g a +egati-e /redit bala+/e at t2e/*+/lusi*+ * t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d *r 2i/2 t2e /redits eretra+serred0 A+y /redits tra+serred i+ -i*lati*+ * t2is 3aragra32 arei.3r*3erly /reated /redits0

C; I+ t2e /ase * /redits t2at ere i.3r*3erly /reated, t2e*ll*i+g 3r*-isi*+s a33ly:

i; I.3r*3erly /reated /redits .ay +*t be used t* a/2ie-e/*.3lia+/e, regardless * a /redit tra+seree?s g**d ait2 belie t2atit as re/ei-i+g -alid /redits

ii; N* rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der .ay /reate, re3*rt,*r tra+ser i.3r*3erly /reated /redits a+d iii; B2ere a+y /redit tra+ser*r 2as i+ its bala+/e at t2e/*+/lusi*+ * a+y a-eragi+g 3eri*d b*t2 /redits 2i/2 ere 3r*3erly/reated a+d /redits 2i/2 ere i.3r*3erly /reated, t2e 3r*3erly /reated/redits ill be a33lied irst t* a+y /redit tra+sers be*re t2e



tra+ser*r .ay a33ly a+y /redits t* a/2ie-e its *+ /*.3lia+/e0 i; A-erage /*.3lia+/e *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *ri.3*rted be*re <a+uary 1, 199=0 I+ t2e /ase * a+y re*r.ulatedgas*li+e t2at is i+te+ded t* be used begi++i+g <a+uary 1, 199=, butt2at is 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted 3ri*r t* t2at date:

1; A+y rei+er *r i.3*rter .ay .eet sta+dards s3e/iied i+'e/0 &%041 *r a-erage /*.3lia+/e *r su/2 gas*li+e, 3r*-ided t2erei+er *r i.3*rter 2as t2e *3ti*+ * .eeti+g sta+dards *+ a-erage *r199= u+der 3aragra32 a; * t2is se/ti*+, a+d 3r*-ided t2e rei+er *ri.3*rter ele/ts t* be sube/t t* a-erage sta+dards u+der'e/0 &%06=/;C; a+d

@; A+y a-erage /*.3lia+/e gas*li+e u+der 3aragra32 i;1; * t2isse/ti*+ s2all be /*.bi+ed it2 a-erage /*.3lia+/e gas*li+e 3r*du/edduri+g 199= *r 3ur3*ses * /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s u+der 3aragra32 g;* t2is se/ti*+0

'e/0 &%06& "*.3lia+/e sur-eys0

a; "*.3lia+/e sur-ey *3ti*+ 10 I+ *rder t* satisy t2e /*.3lia+/esur-ey re5uire.e+ts, a+y rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der s2all3r*3erly /*+du/t a 3r*gra. * /*.3lia+/e sur-eys i+ a//*rda+/e it2 asur-ey 3r*gra. 3la+ 2i/2 2as bee+ a33r*-ed by t2e Ad.i+istrat*r * E!Ai+ ea/2 /*-ered area 2i/2 is su33lied it2 a+y gas*li+e *r 2i/2/*.3lia+/e is a/2ie-ed *+ a-erage t2at is 3r*du/ed by t2at rei+er *r*yge+ate ble+der *r i.3*rted by t2at i.3*rter0 'u/2 a33r*-al s2all bebased u3*+ t2e sur-ey 3r*gra. 3la+ .eeti+g t2e *ll*i+g /riteria: 1; T2e sur-ey 3r*gra. s2all /*+sist * at least *ur sur-eys 2i/2s2all *//ur duri+g t2e *ll*i+g ti.e 3eri*ds: *+e sur-ey duri+g t2e3eri*d <a+uary 1 t2r*ug2 May C1 t* sur-eys duri+g t2e 3eri*d <u+e 1t2r*ug2 'e3te.ber 1= a+d *+e sur-ey duri+g t2e 3eri*d 'e3te.ber 16t2r*ug2 8e/e.ber C10

@; T2e sur-ey 3r*gra. s2all .eet t2e /riteria stated i+ 3aragra32/; * t2is se/ti*+0

C; I+ t2e e-e+t t2at a+y rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+derails t* 3r*3erly /arry *ut a+ a33r*-ed sur-ey 3r*gra., t2e rei+er,i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der s2all a/2ie-e /*.3lia+/e it2 alla33li/able sta+dards *+ a 3er(gall*+ basis *r t2e /ale+dar year i+2i/2 t2e ailure *//urs, a+d .ay +*t a/2ie-e /*.3lia+/e it2 a+ysta+dard *+ a+ a-erage basis duri+g t2is /ale+dar year0 T2isre5uire.e+t t* a/2ie-e /*.3lia+/e 3er(gall*+ s2all a33ly ab i+iti* t*t2e begi++i+g * a+y /ale+dar year i+ 2i/2 t2e ailure *//urs,regardless * 2e+ duri+g t2e year t2e ailure *//urs0 b; "*.3lia+/e sur-ey *3ti*+ @0 A rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ateble+der s2all be dee.ed t* 2a-e satisied t2e /*.3lia+/e sur-ey



re5uire.e+ts des/ribed i+ 3aragra32 a; * t2is se/ti*+ i a/*.3re2e+si-e 3r*gra. * sur-eys is 3r*3erly /*+du/ted i+ a//*rda+/eit2 a sur-ey 3r*gra. 3la+ 2i/2 2as bee+ a33r*-ed by t2e Ad.i+istrat*r* E!A0 'u/2 a33r*-al s2all be based u3*+ t2e sur-ey 3r*gra. 3la+.eeti+g t2e *ll*i+g /riteria:

1; T2e i+itial s/2edule *r t2e /*+du/t * sur-eys s2all be as*ll*s:

i; 1@% sur-eys s2all be /*+du/ted i+ 199= ii; &% sur-eys s2all be /*+du/ted i+ 1996 iii; 6% sur-eys s2all be /*+du/ted i+ 199) i-; =% sur-eys s2all be /*+du/ted i+ 199& a+d t2ereater0 @; T2is i+itial sur-ey s/2edule s2all be adusted as *ll*s: i; I+ t2e e-e+t *+e *r .*re *7*+e +*+attai+.e+t areas i+ additi*+t* t2e +i+e s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%0)%, *3t i+t* t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e3r*gra., t2e +u.ber * sur-eys t* be /*+du/ted i+ t2e year t2e area *rareas *3t i+t* t2e 3r*gra. a+d i+ ea/2 subse5ue+t year s2all bei+/reased a//*rdi+g t* t2e *ll*i+g *r.ula:


2ere:

AN'JINFKi t2e adusted +u.ber * sur-eys *r year i i t2e *3t(i+year a+d ea/2 subse5ue+t year

N'JINFKi t2e +u.ber * sur-eys a//*rdi+g t* t2e s/2edule i+ 3aragra32b;1; * t2is se/ti*+ i+ year i i t2e *3t(i+ year a+d ea/2subse5ue+t year

VJINFK*3t(i+ t2e t*tal -*lu.e * gas*li+e su33lied t* t2e *3t(i+/*-ered areas i+ t2e year 3re/edi+g t2e year * t2e *3t(i+VJINFK*rig t2e t*tal -*lu.e * gas*li+e su33lied t* t2e *rigi+al +i+e/*-ered areas i+ t2e year 3re/edi+g t2e year * t2e *3t(i+

ii; I+ t2e e-e+t t2at a+y /*-ered area ails a sur-ey *r sur-eyseries a//*rdi+g t* t2e /riteria set *rt2 i+ 3aragra32 /; * t2isse/ti*+, t2e a++ual de/reases i+ t2e +u.bers * sur-eys 3res/ribed by3aragra32 b;1; * t2is se/ti*+, as adusted by 3aragra32 b;@;i; *t2is se/ti*+, s2all be adusted as *ll*s i+ t2e year *ll*i+g t2eyear * t2e ailure0 A+y su/2 adust.e+t t* t2e +u.ber * sur-eys s2allre.ai+ i+ ee/t s* l*+g as a+y sta+dard *r t2e ae/ted /*-ered area2as bee+ adusted t* be .*re stri+ge+t as a result * a ailed sur-ey*r sur-ey series0 T2e adust.e+ts s2all be /al/ulated a//*rdi+g t* t2e*ll*i+g *r.ula:



J#RA!DI"KJTIF1%KTR16FE940%1%

2ere:

AN'JINFKi t2e adusted +u.ber * sur-eys i+ year i i t2e year

ater t2e ailure a+d ea/2 subse5ue+t year VJINFKailed t2e t*tal -*lu.e * gas*li+e su33lied t* t2e /*-eredarea 2i/2 ailed t2e sur-ey *r sur-ey series i+ t2e year * t2eailure

VJINFKt*tal t2e t*tal -*lu.e * gas*li+e su33lied t* all /*-eredareas i+ t2e year * t2e ailure

N'JINFKi t2e +u.ber * sur-eys i+ year i a//*rdi+g t* t2es/2edule i+ 3aragra32 b;1; * t2is se/ti*+ a+d as adusted by3aragra32 b;@;i; * t2is se/ti*+ i t2e year ater t2e ailure a+dea/2 subse5ue+t year

C; T2e sur-ey 3r*gra. s2all .eet t2e /riteria stated i+ 3aragra32/; * t2is se/ti*+0

4; O+ ea/2 *//asi*+ t2e /*.3re2e+si-e sur-ey 3r*gra. d*es +*t*//ur as s3e/iied i+ t2e a33r*-ed 3la+ it2 regard t* a+y /*-eredarea:

i; Ea/2 rei+er, i.3*rter, a+d *yge+ate ble+der 2* su33lied a+yre*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO t* t2e /*-ered area a+d 2* 2as +*tsatisied t2e sur-ey re5uire.e+ts des/ribed i+ 3aragra32 a; * t2isse/ti*+ s2all be dee.ed t* 2a-e ailed t* /arry *ut a+ a33r*-ed sur-ey3r*gra. a+d

ii; T2e /*-ered area ill be dee.ed t* 2a-e ailed sur-eys *r VO"a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e, a+d sur-ey series *r be+7e+e a+d*yge+, a+d t*i/ a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e0 /; #e+eral sur-ey re5uire.e+ts0 1; 8uri+g t2e 3eri*d <a+uary 1,199= t2r*ug2 8e/e.ber C1, 199):

i; A+y sa.3le tae+ r*. a retail gas*li+e st*rage ta+ *r 2i/2t2e t2ree .*st re/e+t deli-eries ere * gas*li+e desig+ated as.eeti+g:

A; 'i.3le .*del sta+dards s2all be /*+sidered a >>si.3le .*delsa.3le?? *r

; "*.3le .*del sta+dards s2all be /*+sidered a >>/*.3le .*delsa.3le0??



ii; A sur-ey s2all /*+sist * t2e /*.bi+ati*+ * a si.3le .*del3*rti*+ a+d a /*.3le .*del 3*rti*+, as *ll*s: A; T2e si.3le .*del 3*rti*+ * a sur-ey s2all /*+sist * allsi.3le .*del sa.3les t2at are /*lle/ted 3ursua+t t* t2e a33li/ablesur-ey desig+ i+ a si+gle /*-ered area duri+g a+y /*+se/uti-e se-e+(day

3eri*d a+d t2at are +*t e/luded u+der 3aragra32 /;6; * t2isse/ti*+0

; T2e /*.3le .*del 3*rti*+ * a sur-ey s2all /*+sist * all/*.3le .*del sa.3les t2at are /*lle/ted 3ursua+t t* t2e a33li/ablesur-ey desig+ i+ a si+gle /*-ered area duri+g a+y /*+se/uti-e se-e+(day3eri*d a+d t2at are +*t e/luded u+der 3aragra32 /;6; * t2isse/ti*+0

iii; A; T2e si.3le .*del 3*rti*+ * ea/2 sur-ey s2all bere3rese+tati-e * all gas*li+e /ertiied usi+g t2e si.3le .*del 2i/2is bei+g dis3e+sed i+ t2e /*-ered area0 ; T2e /*.3le .*del 3*rti*+ * ea/2 sur-ey s2all bere3rese+tati-e * all gas*li+e /ertiied usi+g t2e /*.3le .*del 2i/2is bei+g dis3e+sed i+ t2e /*-ered area0 @; egi++i+g *+ <a+uary 1, 199&:

i; A sur-ey s2all /*+sist * all sa.3les t2at are /*lle/ted3ursua+t t* t2e a33li/able sur-ey desig+ i+ a si+gle /*-ered areaduri+g a+y /*+se/uti-e se-e+(day 3eri*d a+d t2at are +*t e/luded u+der3aragra32 /;6; * t2is se/ti*+0

ii; A sur-ey s2all be re3rese+tati-e * all gas*li+e 2i/2 isbei+g dis3e+sed i+ t2e /*-ered area0

C; A VO" sur-ey, a+d 3ri*r t* <a+uary 1, @%%%, a NOJINFK sur-ey,s2all /*+sist * a+y sur-ey /*+du/ted duri+g t2e 3eri*d <u+e 1 t2r*ug2'e3te.ber 1=0

4; i; A t*i/s, *yge+, a+d be+7e+e sur-ey series s2all /*+sist* all sur-eys /*+du/ted i+ a si+gle /*-ered area duri+g a si+gle/ale+dar year0

ii; A NOJINFK sur-ey series s2all /*+sist * all sur-eys/*+du/ted i+ a si+gle /*-ered area duri+g t2e 3eri*ds <a+uary 1 t2r*ug2May C1, a+d 'e3te.ber 16 t2r*ug2 8e/e.ber C1 duri+g a si+gle /ale+daryear0

=; i; Ea/2 si.3le .*del sa.3le i+/luded i+ a sur-ey s2all bea+aly7ed *r *yge+ate ty3e a+d /*+te+t, be+7e+e /*+te+t, ar*.ati/2ydr*/arb*+ /*+te+t, a+d RV! i+ a//*rda+/e it2 t2e .et2*d*l*giess3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%046 a+d



ii; Ea/2 /*.3le .*del sa.3le i+/luded i+ a sur-ey s2all bea+aly7ed *r *yge+ate ty3e a+d /*+te+t, *lei+s, be+7e+e, sulur, a+dar*.ati/ 2ydr*/arb*+s, E(@%%, E(C%%, a+d RV! i+ a//*rda+/e it2 t2e.et2*d*l*gies s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%0460

6; i; T2e results * ea/2 sur-ey s2all be based u3*+ t2e results* t2e a+alysis * ea/2 sa.3le /*lle/ted duri+g t2e /*urse * t2esur-ey, u+less t2e sa.3le -i*lates t2e a33li/able 3er(gall*+ .ai.u. *r.i+i.u. sta+dards *r t2e 3ara.eter bei+g e-aluated 3lus a+ye+*r/e.e+t t*lera+/e t2at a33lies t* t2e 3ara.eter e0g0, a sa.3let2at -i*lates t2e be+7e+e 3er(gall*+ .ai.u. 3lus a+y be+7e+ee+*r/e.e+t t*lera+/e but .eets *t2er 3er(gall*+ .ai.u. a+d .i+i.u.sta+dards *uld be e/luded r*. t2e be+7e+e sur-ey, but *uld bei+/luded i+ t2e sur-eys *r 3ara.eters *t2er t2a+ be+7e+e;0 ii; A+y sa.3le r*. a sur-ey t2at -i*lates a+y sta+dard u+der'e/0 &%041, *r t2at /*+stitutes e-ide+/e * t2e -i*lati*+ * a+y3r*2ibiti*+ *r re5uire.e+t u+der t2is sub3art 8, .ay be used by t2e

Ad.i+istrat*r i+ a+ e+*r/e.e+t a/ti*+ *r su/2 -i*lati*+0 ); Ea/2 lab*rat*ry at 2i/2 sa.3les i+ a sur-ey are a+aly7ed s2all3arti/i3ate i+ a /*rrelati*+ 3r*gra. it2 E!A t* e+sure t2e -alidity *a+alysis results0

&; i; T2e results * ea/2 si.3le .*del VO" sur-ey s2all bedeter.i+ed as *ll*s:

A; F*r ea/2 si.3le .*del sa.3le r*. t2e sur-ey, t2e VO" e.issi*+sredu/ti*+ 3er/e+tage s2all be deter.i+ed based u3*+ t2e tested -alues*r RV! a+d *yge+ *r t2at sa.3le as a33lied t* t2e VO" e.issi*+sredu/ti*+ e5uati*+ at 'e/0 &%04@a;1; *r VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 a+d'e/0 &%04@a;@; *r VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ @ ; T2e VO" e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ sur-ey sta+dard a33li/able t* ea/2/*-ered area s2all be /al/ulated by usi+g t2e VO" e.issi*+s e5uati*+ at'e/0 &%04@a;1; it2 RV!)0@ a+d O"ON@0% *r /*-ered areas l*/atedi+ VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 a+d usi+g t2e VO" e.issi*+s e5uati*+ at'e/0 &%04@a;@; it2 RV!&01 a+d O"ON@0% *r /*-ered areas l*/atedi+ VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ @ a+d

"; T2e /*-ered area s2all 2a-e ailed t2e si.3le .*del VO" sur-eyi t2e VO" e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ a-erage * all sur-ey sa.3les is lesst2a+ VO" e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ sur-ey sta+dard /al/ulated u+der 3aragra32/;&;i;; * t2is se/ti*+0

ii; T2e results * ea/2 /*.3le .*del VO" e.issi*+s redu/ti*+sur-ey s2all be deter.i+ed as *ll*s: A; F*r ea/2 /*.3le .*del sa.3le r*. t2e sur-ey, t2e VO"e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ 3er/e+tage s2all be deter.i+ed based u3*+ t2etested 3ara.eter -alues *r t2at sa.3le a+d t2e a33r*3riate .et2*d*l*gy



*r /al/ulati+g VO" e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ at 'e/0 &%04) a+d ; T2e /*-ered area s2all 2a-e ailed t2e /*.3le .*del VO" sur-eyi t2e VO" e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ 3er/e+tage a-erage * all sur-ey sa.3lesis less t2a+ t2e a33li/able 3er(gall*+ sta+dard *r VO" e.issi*+sredu/ti*+0

9; i; T2e results * ea/2 si.3le .*del t*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+sur-ey series /*+du/ted i+ a+y /*-ered area s2all be deter.i+ed as*ll*s:

A; F*r ea/2 si.3le .*del sa.3le r*. t2e sur-ey series, t2e t*i/se.issi*+s redu/ti*+ 3er/e+tage s2all be deter.i+ed based u3*+ t2etested 3ara.eter -alues *r t2at sa.3le a+d t2e a33r*3riate .et2*d*l*gy*r /al/ulati+g t*i/s e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+ at 'e/0 &%04@0 ; T2e a++ual a-erage * t2e t*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+3er/e+tages *r all sa.3les r*. a sur-ey series s2all be /al/ulateda//*rdi+g t* t2e *ll*i+g *r.ula:

J#RA!DI"KJTIF11KTR16FE940%11

2ere

AATER t2e a++ual a-erage t*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+TERJINFK1,i t2e t*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ *r sa.3le i * gas*li+e/*lle/ted duri+g t2e 2ig2 *7*+e seas*+TERJINFK@,i t2e t*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ *r sa.3le i * gas*li+e/*lle/ted *utside t2e 2ig2 *7*+e seas*++JINFK1 t2e +u.ber * sa.3les /*lle/ted duri+g t2e 2ig2 *7*+e seas*++JINFK@ t2e +u.ber * sa.3les /*lle/ted *utside t2e 2ig2 *7*+e seas*+

%"; T2e /*-ered area s2all 2a-e ailed t2e si.3le .*del t*i/ssur-ey series i t2e a++ual a-erage t*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ is lesst2a+ t2e si.3le .*del 3er(gall*+ sta+dard *r t*i/s e.issi*+sredu/ti*+0

ii; T2e results * ea/2 /*.3le .*del t*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+sur-ey series /*+du/ted i+ a+y /*-ered area s2all be deter.i+ed as*ll*s:

A; F*r ea/2 /*.3le .*del sa.3le r*. t2e sur-ey series, t2et*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ 3er/e+tage s2all be deter.i+ed based u3*+t2e tested 3ara.eter -alues *r t2at sa.3le a+d t2e a33r*3riate.et2*d*l*gy *r /al/ulati+g t*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ at 'e/0 &%04) ; T2e a++ual a-erage * t2e t*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+3er/e+tages *r all sa.3les r*. a sur-ey series s2all be /al/ulateda//*rdi+g t* t2e *r.ula s3e/iied i+ 3aragra32 /;&;i;; * t2isse/ti*+ a+d



"; T2e /*-ered area s2all 2a-e ailed t2e /*.3le .*del t*i/ssur-ey series i t2e a++ual a-erage t*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ is lesst2a+ t2e a33li/able 3er(gall*+ /*.3le .*del sta+dard *r t*i/se.issi*+s redu/ti*+0

1%; T2e results * ea/2 NOJINFK e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ sur-ey a+dsur-ey series s2all be deter.i+ed as *ll*s: i; F*r ea/2 sa.3le r*. t2e sur-ey a+d sur-ey series, t2e NOJINFKe.issi*+s redu/ti*+ 3er/e+tage s2all be deter.i+ed based u3*+ t2etested 3ara.eter -alues *r t2at sa.3le a+d t2e a33r*3riate .et2*d*l*gy*r /al/ulati+g NOJINFK e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ at 'e/0 &%04) a+d ii; T2e /*-ered area s2all 2a-e ailed t2e NOJINFK sur-ey *rsur-ey series i t2e NOJINFK e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ 3er/e+tage a-erage*r all sur-ey sa.3les is less t2a+ t2e a33li/able !2ase I *r !2ase II/*.3le .*del 3er(gall*+ sta+dard *r NOJINFK e.issi*+s redu/ti*+0 11; F*r a+y be+7e+e /*+te+t sur-ey series /*+du/ted i+ a+y /*-eredarea t2e a-erage be+7e+e /*+te+t *r all sa.3les r*. t2e sur-ey seriess2all be /al/ulated0 I t2is a++ual a-erage is greater t2a+ 10%%%3er/e+t by -*lu.e, t2e /*-ered area s2all 2a-e ailed a be+7e+e sur-eyseries0

1@; F*r a+y *yge+ /*+te+t sur-ey series /*+du/ted i+ a+y /*-eredarea t2e a-erage *yge+ /*+te+t *r all sa.3les r*. t2e sur-ey seriess2all be /al/ulated0 I t2is a++ual a-erage is less t2a+ @0%% 3er/e+tby eig2t, t2e /*-ered area s2all 2a-e ailed a+ *yge+ sur-ey series0 Ea/2 sur-ey 3r*gra. s2all:

i; e 3la++ed a+d /*+du/ted by a 3ers*+ 2* is i+de3e+de+t * t2erei+er *r i.3*rter t2e sur-ey*r;0 I+ *rder t* be /*+sideredi+de3e+de+t:

A; T2e sur-ey*r s2all +*t be a+ e.3l*yee * a+y rei+er *ri.3*rter

; T2e sur-ey*r s2all be ree r*. a+y *bligati*+ t* *r i+teresti+ a+y rei+er *r i.3*rter a+d

"; T2e rei+er *r i.3*rter s2all be ree r*. a+y *bligati*+ t* *ri+terest i+ t2e sur-ey*r a+d

ii; I+/lude 3r*/edures *r sele/ti+g sa.3le /*lle/ti*+ l*/ati*+s,+u.bers * sa.3les, a+d gas*li+e /*.3*siti*+s 2i/2 ill result i+: A; 'i.3le .*del sur-eys re3rese+ti+g all gas*li+e /ertiied usi+gt2e si.3le .*del bei+g dis3e+sed at retail *utlets it2i+ t2e /*-eredarea duri+g t2e 3eri*d * t2e sur-ey a+d ; "*.3le .*del sur-eys re3rese+ti+g all gas*li+e /ertiied usi+g



t2e /*.3le .*del bei+g dis3e+sed at retail *utlets it2i+ t2e /*-eredarea duri+g t2e 3eri*d * t2e sur-ey a+d iii; I+/lude 3r*/edures su/2 t2at t2e +u.ber * sa.3les i+/ludedi+ ea/2 sur-ey assures t2at:

A; I+ t2e /ase * si.3le .*del sur-eys, t2e a-erage le-els **yge+, be+7e+e, RV!, a+d ar*.ati/ 2ydr*/arb*+s are deter.i+ed it2 a9= /*+ide+/e le-el, it2 err*r * less t2a+ %01 3si *r RV!, %0%=*r be+7e+e by -*lu.e;, a+d %01 *r *yge+ by eig2t; a+d ; I+ t2e /ase * /*.3le .*del sur-eys, t2e a-erage le-els **yge+, be+7e+e, RV!, ar*.ati/ 2ydr*/arb*+s, *lei+s, T(=%, T(9%, a+dsulur are deter.i+ed it2 a 9= /*+ide+/e le-el, it2 err*r * lesst2a+ %01 3si *r RV!, %0%= *r be+7e+e by -*lu.e;, %01 *r *yge+by eig2t;, %0= *r ar*.ati/ 2ydr*/arb*+s by -*lu.e;, %0= *r*lei+s by -*lu.e;, = deg0F0 *r T(=% a+d T(9%, a+d 1% 33. *rsulur a+d

i-; Re5uire t2at t2e sur-ey*r s2all: A; N*t i+*r. a+y*+e, i+ ad-a+/e, * t2e date *r l*/ati*+ *r t2e/*+du/t * a+y sur-ey

; 3*+ re5uest by E!A .ade it2i+ t2irty days *ll*i+g t2esub.issi*+ * t2e re3*rt * a sur-ey, 3r*-ide a du3li/ate * a+ygas*li+e sa.3le tae+ duri+g t2at sur-ey t* E!A at a l*/ati*+ t* bes3e/iied by E!A ea/2 sa.3le t* be ide+tiied by t2e +a.e a+d address* t2e a/ility 2ere /*lle/ted, t2e date * /*lle/ti*+, a+d t2e/lassii/ati*+ * t2e sa.3le as si.3le .*del *r /*.3le .*del a+d "; At a+y ti.e 3er.it a+y re3rese+tati-e * E!A t* .*+it*r t2e/*+du/t * t2e sur-ey, i+/ludi+g sa.3le /*lle/ti*+, tra+s3*rtati*+,st*rage, a+d a+alysis a+d

-; Re5uire t2e sur-ey*r t* sub.it t* E!A a re3*rt * ea/2 sur-ey,it2i+ t2irty days *ll*i+g /*.3leti*+ * t2e sur-ey, su/2 re3*rt t*i+/lude t2e *ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+:

A; T2e ide+tii/ati*+ * t2e 3ers*+ 2* /*+du/ted t2e sur-ey ; A+ attestati*+ by a+ *i/er * t2e sur-ey*r /*.3a+y t2at t2esur-ey as /*+du/ted i+ a//*rda+/e it2 t2e sur-ey 3la+ a+d t2at t2esur-ey results are a//urate

"; I t2e sur-ey as /*+du/ted *r *+e rei+er *r i.3*rter, t2eide+tii/ati*+ * t2at 3arty

8; T2e ide+tii/ati*+ * t2e /*-ered area sur-eyed E; T2e dates *+ 2i/2 t2e sur-ey as /*+du/ted F; T2e address * ea/2 a/ility at 2i/2 a gas*li+e sa.3le as/*lle/ted, t2e date * /*lle/ti*+, a+d t2e /lassii/ati*+ * t2e sa.3le



as si.3le .*del *r /*.3le .*del

#; T2e results * t2e a+alyses * si.3le .*del sa.3les *r*yge+ate ty3e a+d *yge+ eig2t 3er/e+t, be+7e+e /*+te+t, ar*.ati/2ydr*/arb*+ /*+te+t, a+d RV!, a+d t2e /al/ulated t*i/s e.issi*+

redu/ti*+ 3er/e+tage

D; T2e results * t2e a+alyses * /*.3le .*del sa.3les *r*yge+ate ty3e a+d *yge+ eig2t 3er/e+t, be+7e+e, ar*.ati/2ydr*/arb*+, a+d *lei+ /*+te+t, E(@%%, E(C%%, a+d RV!, a+d t2e/al/ulated VO", NOJINFK, a+d t*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ 3er/e+tages I; T2e +a.e a+d address * ea/2 lab*rat*ry 2ere gas*li+e sa.3lesere a+aly7ed

<; A des/ri3ti*+ * t2e .et2*d*l*gy utili7ed t* sele/t t2el*/ati*+s *r sa.3le /*lle/ti*+ a+d t2e +u.bers * sa.3les /*lle/ted G; F*r a+y sa.3les 2i/2 ere e/luded r*. t2e sur-ey, a

ustii/ati*+ *r su/2 e/lusi*+ a+d

; T2e a-erage t*i/s e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ 3er/e+tage *r si.3le.*del sa.3les a+d t2e 3er/e+tage *r /*.3le .*del sa.3les, t2e a-eragebe+7e+e a+d *yge+ 3er/e+tages, *r ea/2 sur-ey /*+du/ted duri+g t2e3eri*d <u+e 1 t2r*ug2 'e3te.ber 1=, t2e a-erage VO" e.issi*+s redu/ti*+3er/e+tage *r si.3le .*del sa.3les a+d t2e 3er/e+tage *r /*.3le.*del sa.3les, a+d begi++i+g *+ <a+uary 1, @%%%, t2e a-erage NOJINFKe.issi*+s redu/ti*+ 3er/e+tage0

14; Ea/2 sur-ey s2all be /*+du/ted at a ti.e a+d i+ a /*-ered areasele/ted by E!A +* earlier t2a+ t* ees be*re t2e date * t2esur-ey0

1=; T2e 3r*/edure *r seei+g E!A a33r*-al *r a sur-ey 3r*gra.3la+ s2all be as *ll*s:

i; T2e sur-ey 3r*gra. 3la+ s2all be sub.itted t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r* E!A *r E!A?s a33r*-al +* later t2a+ 'e3te.ber 1 * t2e year3re/edi+g t2e year i+ 2i/2 t2e sur-eys ill be /*+du/ted a+d ii; 'u/2 sub.ittal s2all be sig+ed by a res3*+sible /*r3*rate*i/er * t2e rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der, *r i+ t2e /ase* a /*.3re2e+si-e sur-ey 3r*gra. 3la+, by a+ *i/er * t2e*rga+i7ati*+ /**rdi+ati+g t2e sur-ey 3r*gra.0 16; i; N* later t2a+ 8e/e.ber 1 * t2e year 3re/edi+g t2e year i+2i/2 t2e sur-eys ill be /*+du/ted, t2e /*+tra/t it2 t2e sur-ey*r t*/arry *ut t2e e+tire sur-ey 3la+ s2all be i+ ee/t, a+d a+ a.*u+t *.*+ey +e/essary t* /arry *ut t2e e+tire sur-ey 3la+ s2all be 3aid t*t2e sur-ey*r *r 3la/ed i+t* a+ es/r* a//*u+t it2 i+stru/ti*+s t* t2ees/r* age+t t* 3ay t2e .*+ey *-er t* t2e sur-ey*r duri+g t2e /*urse *



t2e /*+du/t * t2e sur-ey 3la+0

ii; N* later t2a+ 8e/e.ber 1= * t2e year 3re/edi+g t2e year i+2i/2 t2e sur-eys ill be /*+du/ted, t2e Ad.i+istrat*r * E!A s2all begi-e+ a /*3y * t2e /*+tra/t it2 t2e sur-ey*r, 3r** t2at t2e .*+ey

+e/essary t* /arry *ut t2e 3la+ 2as eit2er bee+ 3aid t* t2e sur-ey*r *r3la/ed i+t* a+ es/r* a//*u+t, a+d i 3la/ed i+t* a+ es/r* a//*u+t, a/*3y * t2e es/r* agree.e+t0

'e/0 &%069 Re5uire.e+ts *r d*+strea. *yge+ate ble+di+g0

T2e re5uire.e+ts * t2is se/ti*+ a33ly t* all re*r.ulated gas*li+eble+dst*/ *r *yge+ate ble+di+g, *r RO, t* 2i/2 *yge+ate is addedat a+y *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility0

a; Re5uire.e+ts *r rei+ers a+d i.3*rters0 F*r a+y RO 3r*du/ed*r i.3*rted, t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter * t2e RO s2all: 1; !r*du/e *r i.3*rt t2e RO su/2 t2at, 2e+ ble+ded it2 as3e/iied ty3e a+d 3er/e+tage * *yge+ate, it .eets t2e a33li/ablesta+dards *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e

@; I+ *rder t* deter.i+e t2e 3r*3erties * RO *r 3ur3*ses */al/ulati+g /*.3lia+/e it2 3er(gall*+ *r a-eraged sta+dards, /*+du/ttests *+ ea/2 bat/2 * t2e RO by:

i; Addi+g t2e s3e/iied ty3e a+d a.*u+t * *yge+ate t* are3rese+tati-e sa.3le * t2e RO a+d ii; 8eter.i+i+g t2e 3r*3erties a+d /2ara/teristi/s * t2eresulti+g gas*li+e usi+g t2e .et2*d*l*gy s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%06=e; C; "arry *ut t2e i+de3e+de+t a+alysis re5uire.e+ts s3e/iied i+'e/0 &%06=;

4; 8eter.i+e 3r*3erties * t2e RO 2i/2 are sui/ie+t t* all*3arties d*+strea. r*. t2e rei+ery *r i.3*rt a/ility t* establis2,t2r*ug2 sa.3li+g a+d testi+g, i t2e RO 2as bee+ altered *r/*+ta.i+ated su/2 t2at it ill +*t .eet t2e a33li/able re*r.ulatedgas*li+e sta+dards subse5ue+t t* t2e additi*+ * t2e s3e/iied ty3e a+da.*u+t * *yge+ate

=; Tra+ser *+ers2i3 * t2e RO *+ly t* a+ *yge+ate ble+der 2*is registered it2 E!A as su/2, *r t* a+ i+ter.ediate *+er it2 t2erestri/ti*+ t2at it *+ly be tra+serred t* a registered *yge+ateble+der

6; Da-e a /*+tra/t it2 ea/2 *yge+ate ble+der 2* re/ei-es a+yRO 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter t2at re5uires t2e*yge+ate ble+der, *r, i+ t2e /ase * a /*+tra/t it2 a+ i+ter.ediate



*+er, t2at re5uires t2e i+ter.ediate *+er t* re5uire t2e *yge+ateble+der t*:

i; "*.3ly it2 ble+der 3r*/edures t2at are s3e/iied by t2e/*+tra/t a+d are /al/ulated t* assure ble+di+g it2 t2e 3r*3er ty3e a+d

a.*u+t * *yge+ate

ii; All* t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter t* /*+du/t 5uality assura+/esa.3li+g a+d testi+g * t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*du/ed by t2e*yge+ate ble+der

iii; 't*3 selli+g a+y gas*li+e *u+d t* +*t /*.3ly it2 t2esta+dards u+der 2i/2 t2e RO as 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted a+d i-; "arry *ut t2e 5uality assura+/e sa.3li+g a+d testi+g t2at t2isse/ti*+ re5uires t2e *yge+ate ble+der t* /*+du/t ); "*+du/t a 5uality assura+/e sa.3li+g a+d testi+g 3r*gra. t* be/arried *ut at t2e a/ilities * ea/2 *yge+ate ble+der 2* ble+ds a+yRO 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter it2 a+y*yge+ate, t* deter.i+e 2et2er t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e 2i/2 2asbee+ 3r*du/ed t2r*ug2 ble+di+g /*.3lies it2 t2e a33li/able sta+dards,usi+g t2e .et2*d*l*gy s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%046 *r t2is deter.i+ati*+0 i; T2e sa.3li+g a+d testi+g 3r*gra. s2all be /*+du/ted as *ll*s: A; All sa.3les s2all be /*lle/ted subse5ue+t t* t2e additi*+ **yge+ate, a+d eit2er: 1; !ri*r /*.bi+i+g t2e resulti+g gas*li+e it2 a+y *t2er gas*li+e*r @; I+ t2e /ase * tru/ s3las2 ble+di+g, subse5ue+t t* t2edeli-ery * t2e gas*li+e t* a retail *utlet *r 2*lesale 3ur/2aser/*+su.era/ility 3r*-ided t2at t2e t2ree .*st re/e+t deli-eries t* t2eretail *utlet *r 2*lesale 3ur/2aser a/ility ere * gas*li+e 3r*du/edusi+g t2at rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s RO, a+d 3r*-ided t2at a+ydis/re3a+/y *u+d t2r*ug2 t2e retail *utlet *r 2*lesale 3ur/2asera/ility sa.3li+g is *ll*ed(u3 it2 .easures reas*+ably desig+ed t*dis/*-er t2e /ause * t2e dis/re3a+/y a+d ; 'a.3li+g a+d testi+g s2all be at *+e * t2e *ll*i+g rates: 1; I+ t2e /ase * RO 2i/2 is ble+ded it2 *yge+ate i+ agas*li+e st*rage ta+, a rate * +*t less t2a+ *+e sa.3le *r e-ery4%%,%%% barrels * RO 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted by t2at rei+er *ri.3*rter t2at is ble+ded by t2at ble+der, *r *+e sa.3le e-ery .*+t2,2i/2e-er is .*re re5ue+t *r @; I+ t2e /ase * RO 2i/2 is ble+ded it2 *yge+ate i+ gas*li+edeli-ery tru/s t2r*ug2 t2e use * /*.3uter(/*+tr*lled i+(li+e ble+di+ge5ui3.e+t, a rate * +*t less t2a+ *+e sa.3le *r e-ery @%%,%%% barrels* RO 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted by t2at rei+er *r i.3*rter t2at isble+ded by t2at ble+der, *r *+e sa.3le e-ery t2ree .*+t2s, 2i/2e-er is.*re re5ue+t *r C; I+ t2e /ase * RO 2i/2 is ble+ded it2 *yge+ate i+ gas*li+e



eig2t 3er/e+t 9; A+y rei+er *r i.3*rter 2* d*es +*t .eet t2e /*+tra/tual a+d5uality assura+/e re5uire.e+ts s3e/iied i+ 3aragra32s a; 6; a+d );* t2is se/ti*+, a+d 2* d*es +*t desig+ate its RO as et2er(*+ly *ra+y(*yge+ate, s2all base its /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s *+ t2e assu.3ti*+

t2at 40% -*lu.e 3er/e+t et2a+*l is added t* t2e RO a+d 1%; '3e/iy i+ t2e 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+tati*+ *r t2e ROea/2 *yge+ate ty3e *r ty3es a+d a.*u+t *r ra+ge * a.*u+ts 2i/2 is/*+siste+t it2 t2e desig+ati*+ * t2e RO as a+y(*yge+ate, *r et2er*+ly,a+d 2i/2, i ble+ded it2 t2e RO ill result i+ re*r.ulatedgas*li+e 2i/2:

i; Das VO", t*i/s, *r NOJINFK e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ 3er/e+tages2i/2 are +* l*er t2a+ t2e 3er/e+tages t2at *r.ed t2e basis *r t2erei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s /*.3lia+/e deter.i+ati*+ *r t2ese 3ara.eters ii; Das a be+7e+e /*+te+t a+d RV! le-el 2i/2 are +* 2ig2er t2a+t2e -alues *r t2ese /2ara/teristi/s t2at *r.ed t2e basis *r t2erei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s /*.3lia+/e deter.i+ati*+s *r t2ese 3ara.etersa+d

iii; Bill +*t /ause t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e t* -i*late a+ysta+dard s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%0410

b; Re5uire.e+ts *r *yge+ate ble+ders0 F*r all RO re/ei-ed bya+y *yge+ate ble+der, t2e *yge+ate ble+der s2all: 1; Add *yge+ate * t2e ty3es; a+d a.*u+t *r it2i+ t2e ra+ge *a.*u+ts; s3e/iied i+ t2e 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts *r t2e RO @; 8esig+ate ea/2 bat/2 * t2e resulti+g re*r.ulated gas*li+e as.eeti+g t2e *yge+ sta+dard 3er(gall*+ *r *+ a-erage C; Meet t2e sta+dard re5uire.e+ts s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%06=/; a+d'e/0 &%06)e;, t2e re/*rd ee3i+g re5uire.e+ts s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%0)4,a+d t2e re3*rti+g re5uire.e+ts s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%0)= a+d 4; I+ t2e /ase * ea/2 bat/2 * re*r.ulated gas*li+e 2i/2 isdesig+ated *r /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e *yge+ sta+dard *+ a-erage: i; 8eter.i+e t2e -*lu.e a+d t2e eig2t 3er/e+t *yge+ * t2e bat/2usi+g t2e testi+g .et2*d*l*gy s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%046 ii; Assig+ a +u.ber t* t2e bat/2 t2e >>bat/2 +u.ber??;, begi++i+git2 t2e +u.ber *+e *r t2e irst bat/2 3r*du/ed ea/2 /ale+dar year a+dea/2 subse5ue+t bat/2 duri+g t2e /ale+dar year bei+g assig+ed t2e +etse5ue+tial +u.ber, a+d su/2 +u.bers t* be 3re/eded by t2e *yge+ateble+der?s registrati*+ +u.ber, t2e a/ility +u.ber, a+d t2e se/*+d t*digits * t2e year i+ 2i/2 t2e bat/2 as 3r*du/ed e0g0, 4C@1(4C@1(9=(%%1, 4C@1(4C@1(9=(%%@, et/0; a+d

iii; Meet t2e /*.3lia+/e audit re5uire.e+ts s3e/iied i+'e/0 &%06=2;0



/; Additi*+al re5uire.e+ts *r ter.i+al st*rage ta+ ble+di+g0 A+y*yge+ate ble+der 2* 3r*du/es re*r.ulated gas*li+e by ble+di+g a+y*yge+ate it2 a+y RO i+ a+y gas*li+e st*rage ta+, *t2er t2a+ atru/ used *r deli-eri+g gas*li+e t* retail *utlets *r 2*lesale3ur/2aser(/*+su.er a/ilities, s2all, *r ea/2 bat/2 * re*r.ulated

gas*li+e s* 3r*du/ed deter.i+e t2e *yge+ /*+te+t a+d -*lu.e * t2isgas*li+e 3ri*r t* t2e gas*li+e lea-i+g t2e *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility,usi+g t2e .et2*d*l*gy s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%0460 d; Additi*+al re5uire.e+ts *r distribut*rs dis3e+si+g RO i+t*tru/s *r ble+di+g0 A+y distribut*r 2* dis3e+ses a+y RO i+t* a+ytru/ 2i/2 deli-ers gas*li+e t* retail *utlets *r 2*lesale 3ur/2aser/*+su.era/ilities, s2all *r su/2 RO s* dis3e+sed: 1; Tra+ser t2e RO *+ly t* a+ *yge+ate ble+der 2* 2asregistered it2 t2e Ad.i+istrat*r * E!A as su/2 @; Tra+ser a+y RO desig+ated as et2er(*+ly RO *+ly i t2edistribut*r 2as a reas*+able basis *r +*i+g t2e *yge+ate ble+derill ble+d a+ *yge+ate *t2er t2a+ et2a+*l it2 t2e RO a+d C; Obtai+ r*. t2e *yge+ate ble+der t2e *yge+ate ble+der?s E!Aregistrati*+ +u.ber0

e; Additi*+al re5uire.e+ts *r *yge+ate ble+ders 2* ble+d*yge+ate i+ tru/s0 A+y *yge+ate ble+der 2* *btai+s a+y RO i+ a+ygas*li+e deli-ery tru/ s2all:

1; O+ ea/2 *//asi*+ it *btai+s RO r*. a distribut*r, su33ly t2edistribut*r it2 t2e *yge+ate ble+der?s E!A registrati*+ +u.ber @; "*+du/t a 5uality assura+/e sa.3li+g a+d testi+g 3r*gra. t*deter.i+e 2et2er t2e 3r*3er ty3e a+d a.*u+t * *yge+ate is added t*RO0 T2e 3r*gra. s2all be /*+du/ted as *ll*s: i; All sa.3les s2all be /*lle/ted subse5ue+t t* t2e additi*+ **yge+ate, a+d eit2er:

A; !ri*r /*.bi+i+g t2e resulti+g gas*li+e it2 a+y *t2er gas*li+e*r

; 'ubse5ue+t t* t2e deli-ery * t2e gas*li+e t* a retail *utlet*r 2*lesale 3ur/2aser(/*+su.er a/ility 3r*-ided t2at t2e t2ree .*stre/e+t deli-eries t* t2e retail *utlet *r 2*lesale 3ur/2aser a/ilityere * gas*li+e t2at as 3r*du/ed by t2at *yge+ate ble+der a+d t2at2ad t2e sa.e *yge+ate re5uire.e+ts, a+d 3r*-ided t2at a+y dis/re3a+/yi+ *yge+ate ty3e *r a.*u+t *u+d t2r*ug2 t2e retail *utlet *r2*lesale 3ur/2aser a/ility sa.3li+g is *ll*ed(u3 it2 .easuresreas*+ably desig+ed t* dis/*-er t2e /ause * t2e dis/re3a+/y ii; 'a.3li+g a+d testi+g s2all be at *+e * t2e *ll*i+g rates: A; I+ t2e /ase /*.3uter(/*+tr*lled i+(li+e ble+di+g is used, arate * +*t less t2a+ *+e sa.3le 3er ea/2 i-e 2u+dred *//asi*+s ROa+d *yge+ate are l*aded i+t* a tru/ by t2at *yge+ate ble+der, *r *+e



sa.3le e-ery t2ree .*+t2s, 2i/2e-er is .*re re5ue+t *r ; I+ t2e /ase /*.3uter(/*+tr*lled i+(li+e ble+di+g is +*t used, arate * +*t less t2a+ *+e sa.3le 3er ea/2 *+e 2u+dred *//asi*+s ROa+d *yge+ate are ble+ded i+ a tru/ by t2at *yge+ate ble+der, *r *+esa.3le 3er .*+t2, 2i/2e-er is .*re re5ue+t

iii; 'a.3li+g a+d testi+g s2all be * t2e gas*li+e 3r*du/edt2r*ug2 *+e * t2e RO(*yge+ate ble+ds 3r*du/ed by t2at *yge+ateble+der i-; 'a.3les s2all be a+aly7ed *r *yge+ate ty3e a+d *yge+/*+te+t usi+g t2e testi+g .et2*d*l*gy s3e/iied at 'e/0 &%046 a+d -; I+ t2e e-e+t t2e testi+g results *r a+y sa.3le i+di/ate t2egas*li+e d*es +*t /*+tai+ t2e s3e/iied ty3e a+d a.*u+t * *yge+ateit2i+ t2e ra+ges s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%0)%b;@;i;;: A; I..ediately st*3 selli+g *r 2ere 3*ssible, t* st*3 a+ytra+seree * t2e gas*li+e r*. selli+g; t2e gas*li+e 2i/2 assa.3led ; Tae ste3s t* deter.i+e t2e /ause * t2e +*+/*.3lia+/e "; I+/rease t2e rate * sa.3li+g a+d testi+g t* *+e * t2e*ll*i+g rates: 1; I+ t2e /ase /*.3uter(/*+tr*lled i+(li+e ble+di+g is used, arate * +*t less t2a+ *+e sa.3le 3er ea/2 t* 2u+dred a+d ity*//asi*+s RO a+d *yge+ate are l*aded i+t* a tru/ by t2at *yge+ateble+der, *r *+e sa.3le e-ery si ees, 2i/2e-er is .*re re5ue+t *r @; I+ t2e /ase /*.3uter(/*+tr*lled i+(li+e ble+di+g is +*t used, arate * +*t less t2a+ *+e sa.3le 3er ea/2 ity *//asi*+s RO a+d*yge+ate are ble+ded i+ a tru/ by t2at *yge+ate ble+der, *r *+esa.3le e-ery t* ees, 2i/2e-er is .*re re5ue+t a+d 8; T2is i+/reased re5ue+/y s2all /*+ti+ue u+til t2e results *te+ /*+se/uti-e sa.3les a+d tests i+di/ate t2e gas*li+e /*.3lies it2a33li/able sta+dards, at 2i/2 ti.e t2e re5ue+/y .ay re-ert t* t2e*rigi+al re5ue+/y0

; Oyge+ate ble+di+g it2 O!R#0 N*tit2sta+di+g t2e re5uire.e+ts*r a+d restri/ti*+s *+ *yge+ate ble+di+g 3r*-ided i+ t2is se/ti*+,a+y *yge+ate ble+der .ay ble+d *yge+ate it2 re*r.ulated gas*li+et2at is desig+ated as O!R#, it2*ut .eeti+g t2e re/*rd ee3i+g a+dre3*rti+g re5uire.e+ts t2at *t2erise a33ly t* *yge+ate ble+ders,3r*-ided t2at t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e s* 3r*du/ed is: 1; sed i+ a+ *yge+ated uels 3r*gra. /*+tr*l area duri+g a+*yge+ated uels 3r*gra. /*+tr*l 3eri*d a+d @; >>'ubsta+tially si.ilar?? u+der se/ti*+ @11;1; * t2e "lea+

Air A/t, *r is 3er.itted u+der a ai-er gra+ted by t2e Ad.i+istrat*ru+der t2e aut2*rity * se/ti*+ @11;4; * t2e "lea+ Air A/t0

'e/0 &%0)% "*-ered areas0

F*r 3ur3*ses * sub3arts 8, E, a+d F * t2is 3art, t2e /*-ered



areas are as *ll*s:

a; T2e *s A+geles(A+a2ei.(Ri-erside, "ali*r+ia, area, /*.3rised*: 1; *s A+geles "*u+ty

@; Ora+ge "*u+ty C; Ve+tura "*u+ty 4; T2at 3*rti*+ * 'a+ er+adi+* "*u+ty t2at lies s*ut2 *latitude C= degrees, 1% .i+utes +*rt2 a+d est * l*+gitude 11=degrees, 4= .i+utes est a+d

=; T2at 3*rti*+ * Ri-erside "*u+ty, 2i/2 lies t* t2e est * ali+e des/ribed as *ll*s:

i; egi++i+g at t2e +*rt2east /*r+er * 'e/ti*+ 4, T*+s2i3 @'*ut2, Ra+ge = East, a 3*i+t *+ t2e b*u+dary li+e /*..*+ t* Ri-ersidea+d 'a+ er+adi+* "*u+ties ii; T2e+ s*ut2erly al*+g se/ti*+ li+es t* t2e /e+terli+e * t2e"*l*rad* Ri-er A5uedu/t iii; T2e+ s*ut2easterly al*+g t2e /e+terli+e * said "*l*rad*Ri-er A5uedu/t t* t2e s*ut2erly li+e * 'e/ti*+ C6, T*+s2i3 C '*ut2,Ra+ge ) East i-; T2e+ easterly al*+g t2e t*+s2i3 li+e t* t2e +*rt2east /*r+er* 'e/ti*+ 6, T*+s2i3 4 '*ut2, Ra+ge 9 East -; T2e+ s*ut2erly al*+g t2e easterly li+e * 'e/ti*+ 6 t* t2es*ut2east /*r+er t2ere* -i; T2e+ easterly al*+g se/ti*+ li+es t* t2e +*rt2east /*r+er *'e/ti*+ 1%, T*+s2i3 4 '*ut2, Ra+ge 9 East -ii; T2e+ s*ut2erly al*+g se/ti*+ li+es t* t2e s*ut2east /*r+er *'e/ti*+ 1=, T*+s2i3 4 '*ut2, Ra+ge 9 East -iii; T2e+ easterly al*+g t2e se/ti*+ li+es t* t2e +*rt2east/*r+er * 'e/ti*+ @1, T*+s2i3 4 '*ut2, Ra+ge 1% East i; T2e+ s*ut2erly al*+g t2e easterly li+e * 'e/ti*+ @1 t* t2es*ut2east /*r+er t2ere* ; T2e+ easterly al*+g t2e +*rt2erly li+e * 'e/ti*+ @) t* t2e+*rt2east /*r+er t2ere* i; T2e+ s*ut2erly al*+g se/ti*+ li+es t* t2e s*ut2east /*r+er *'e/ti*+ C4, T*+s2i3 4 '*ut2, Ra+ge 1% East ii; T2e+ easterly al*+g t2e t*+s2i3 li+e t* t2e +*rt2east /*r+er* 'e/ti*+ @, T*+s2i3 = '*ut2, Ra+ge 1% East iii; T2e+ s*ut2erly al*+g t2e easterly li+e * 'e/ti*+ @, t* t2es*ut2east /*r+er t2ere* i-; T2e+ easterly al*+g t2e +*rt2erly li+e * 'e/ti*+ 1@ t* t2e+*rt2east /*r+er t2ere* -; T2e+ s*ut2erly al*+g t2e ra+ge li+e t* t2e s*ut2est /*r+er *'e/ti*+ 1&, T*+s2i3 = '*ut2, Ra+ge 11 East -i; T2e+ easterly al*+g se/ti*+ li+es t* t2e +*rt2east /*r+er *



'e/ti*+ @4, T*+s2i3 = '*ut2, Ra+ge 11 East -ii; T2e+ s*ut2erly al*+g t2e ra+ge li+e t* t2e s*ut2east /*r+er* 'e/ti*+ C6, T*+s2i3 & '*ut2, Ra+ge 11 East, a 3*i+t *+ t2e b*u+daryli+e /*..*+ t* Ri-erside a+d 'a+ 8ieg* "*u+ties0 b; 'a+ 8ieg* "*u+ty, "ali*r+ia0

/; T2e #reater "*++e/ti/ut area, /*.3rised *: 1; T2e *ll*i+g "*++e/ti/ut /*u+ties: i; Dart*rd ii; Middlese iii; Ne Da-e+ i-; Ne *+d*+ -; T*lla+d a+d -i; Bi+d2a. a+d

@; !*rti*+s * /ertai+ "*++e/ti/ut /*u+ties, des/ribed as *ll*s: i; I+ Fairield "*u+ty, t2e "ity * '2elt*+ a+d ii; I+ it/2ield "*u+ty, all /ities a+d t*+s2i3s e/e3t t2et*+s * ridgeater a+d Ne Mil*rd0

d; T2e Ne $*r(N*rt2er+ Ne <ersey(*+g Isla+d("*++e/ti/ut area,/*.3rised *:

1; !*rti*+s * /ertai+ "*++e/ti/ut /*u+ties, des/ribed as *ll*s: i; I+ Fairield "*u+ty, all /ities a+d t*+s2i3s e/e3t '2elt*+"ity a+d

ii; I+ it/2ield "*u+ty, t2e t*+s * ridgeater a+d NeMil*rd

@; T2e *ll*i+g Ne <ersey /*u+ties: i; erge+ ii; Esse iii; Duds*+ i-; Du+terd*+ -; Middlese -i; M*+.*ut2 -ii; M*rris -iii; O/ea+ i; !assai/ ; '*.erset i; 'usse a+d ii; +i*+ a+d

C; T2e *ll*i+g Ne $*r /*u+ties: i; r*+ ii; Gi+gs iii; Nassau



i-; Ne $*r Ma+2atta+; -; uee+s -i; Ri/2.*+d -ii; R*/la+d -iii; 'u*l a+d

i; Best/2ester0

e; T2e !2iladel32ia(Bil.i+gt*+(Tre+t*+ area, /*.3rised *: 1; T2e *ll*i+g 8elaare /*u+ties: i; Ne "astle a+d ii; Ge+t a+d @; "e/il "*u+ty, Maryla+d a+d

C; T2e *ll*i+g Ne <ersey /*u+ties: i; urli+gt*+ ii; "a.de+ iii; "u.berla+d i-; #l*u/ester -; Mer/er a+d -i; 'ale. a+d

4; T2e *ll*i+g !e++syl-a+ia /*u+ties: i; u/s ii; "2ester iii; 8elaare i-; M*+tg*.ery a+d -; !2iladel32ia0 ; T2e "2i/ag*(#ary(ae "*u+ty, Illi+*is(I+dia+a(Bis/*+si+ area,/*.3rised *:

1; T2e *ll*i+g Illi+*is /*u+ties: i; "** ii; 8u !age iii; Ga+e i-; ae -; M/De+ry a+d -i; Bill a+d

@; !*rti*+s * /ertai+ Illi+*is /*u+ties, des/ribed as *ll*s: i; I+ #ru+dy "*u+ty, t2e t*+s2i3s * Au 'able a+d #**se aea+d

ii; I+ Ge+dall "*u+ty, Oseg* t*+s2i3 a+d C; T2e *ll*i+g I+dia+a /*u+ties: i; ae a+d

ii; !*rter0



g; T2e alti.*re, Maryla+d area, /*.3rised *: 1; T2e *ll*i+g Maryla+d /*u+ties: i; A++e Aru+del ii; alti.*re

iii; "arr*ll i-; Dar*rd a+d -; D*ard a+d @; T2e "ity * alti.*re0

2; T2e D*ust*+(#al-est*+(ra7*ria, Teas area, /*.3rised * t2e*ll*i+g Teas /*u+ties: 1; ra7*ria @; F*rt e+d C; #al-est*+ 4; Darris =; iberty 6; M*+tg*.ery ); Baller a+d &; "2a.bers0

i; T2e Milauee(Ra/i+e, Bis/*+si+ area, /*.3rised * t2e*ll*i+g Bis/*+si+ /*u+ties: 1; Ge+*s2a @; Milauee C; O7auee 4; Ra/i+e =; Bas2i+gt*+ a+d 6; Baues2a0

; T2e *7*+e +*+attai+.e+t areas listed i+ t2is 3aragra32 ; are/*-ered areas begi++i+g *+ <a+uary 1, 199=0 T2e ge*gra32i/ ete+t *ea/2 /*-ered area listed i+ t2is 3aragra32 ; s2all be t2e+*+attai+.e+t area b*u+daries as s3e/iied i+ 4% "FR !art &1, sub3art":

1; 'usse "*u+ty, 8elaare @; 8istri/t * "*lu.bia 3*rti*+ * t2e Bas2i+gt*+ *7*+e+*+attai+.e+t area C; T2e *ll*i+g Ge+tu/y /*u+ties: i; **+e ii; "a.3bell iii; <eers*+ a+d i-; Ge+t*+

4; !*rti*+s * t2e *ll*i+g Ge+tu/y /*u+ties: i; ullitt a+d



ii; Old2a.

=; T2e *ll*i+g Mai+e /*u+ties: i; A+dr*s/*ggi+ ii; "u.berla+d

iii; Ge++ebe/ i-; G+* -; i+/*l+ -i; 'agada2*/ -ii; $*r -iii; Da+/*/ a+d i; Bald*

6; T2e *ll*i+g Maryla+d /*u+ties: i; "al-ert ii; "2arles iii; Frederi/ i-; M*+tg*.ery -; !ri+/e #e*rges -i; uee+ A++e?s a+d -ii; Ge+t ); T2e e+tire 'tate * Massa/2usetts

&; T2e *ll*i+g Ne Da.3s2ire /*u+ties: i; 'tra*rd ii; Merri.a/ iii; Dillsb*r*ug2 a+d i-; R*/i+g2a.

9; T2e *ll*i+g Ne <ersey /*u+ties: i; Atla+ti/ ii; "a3e May a+d iii; Barre+

1%; T2e *ll*i+g Ne $*r /*u+ties: i; Alba+y ii; 8ut/2ess iii; Erie i-; Esse -; #ree+e -i; <eers*+ -ii; M*+tg*.ery -iii; Niagara i; Re+sselaer ; 'arat*ga a+d i; '/2e+e/tady



11; T2e *ll*i+g !e++syl-a+ia /*u+ties: i; Alle2e+y ii; Ar.str*+g iii; ea-er i-; ers

-; utler -i; Fayette -ii; Bas2i+gt*+ -iii; Best.*rela+d i; Ada.s ; lair i; "a.bria ii; "arb*+ iii; "*lu.bia i-; "u.berla+d -; 8au32i+ -i; Erie -ii; a/aa++a -iii; a+/aster i; eba+*+ ; e2ig2 i; u7er+e ii; Mer/er iii; M*+r*e i-; N*rt2a.3t*+ -; !erry -i; '*.erset -ii; By*.i+g a+d -iii; $*r 1@; T2e e+tire 'tate * R2*de Isla+d 1C; T2e *ll*i+g Teas /*u+ties: i; "*lli+ ii; 8allas iii; 8e+t*+ a+d i-; Tarra+t 14; T2e *ll*i+g Virgi+ia areas: i; Alea+dria ii; Arli+gt*+ "*u+ty iii; Faira i-; Faira "*u+ty -; Falls "2ur/2 -i; *ud*u+ "*u+ty -ii; Ma+assas -iii; Ma+assas !ar i; !ri+/e Billia. "*u+ty ; 'ta*rd "*u+ty i; "2arles "ity "*u+ty



ii; "2esterield "*u+ty iii; "*l*+ial Deig2ts i-; Da+*-er "*u+ty -; De+ri/* "*u+ty -i; D*3eell

-ii; Ri/2.*+d "*u+ty -iii; "2esa3eae i; Da.3t*+ ; <a.es "ity "*u+ty i; Ne3*rt Nes ii; N*r*l iii; !*5u*s*+ i-; !*rts.*ut2 -; 'u*l -i; Virgi+ia ea/2 -ii; Billia.sburg a+d -iii; $*r "*u+ty a+d

1=; !*rti*+s * '.yt2 "*u+ty * Virgi+ia0 ; A+y *t2er area /lassiied u+der 4% "FR 3art &1, sub3art " as a.argi+al, .*derate, seri*us, *r se-ere *7*+e +*+attai+.e+t area .ay bei+/luded *+ 3etiti*+ * t2e g*-er+*r * t2e state i+ 2i/2 t2e area isl*/ated0 Ee/ti-e *+e year ater a+ area 2as bee+ re/lassiied as ase-ere *7*+e +*+attai+.e+t area, su/2 se-ere area s2all als* be a/*-ered area *r 3ur3*ses * t2is sub3art 80

'e/0 &%0)1 8es/ri3ti*+s * VO"(/*+tr*l regi*+s0

a; Re*r.ulated gas*li+e /*-ered areas 2i/2 are l*/ated i+ t2e*ll*i+g states are i+/luded i+ VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ 1:

Alaba.a Ari7*+a Ara+sas"ali*r+ia"*l*rad*8istri/t * "*lu.biaFl*rida#e*rgiaGa+sas*uisia+aMaryla+dMississi33iMiss*uriNe-adaNe Mei/*N*rt2 "ar*li+a



Ola2*.aOreg*+'*ut2 "ar*li+aTe++esseeTeas

ta2Virgi+ia

b; Re*r.ulated gas*li+e /*-ered areas 2i/2 are l*/ated i+ t2e*ll*i+g states are i+/luded i+ VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ @:

"*++e/ti/ut8elaareIda2*Illi+*isI+dia+aI*aGe+tu/yMai+eMassa/2usettsMi/2iga+Mi++es*taM*+ta+aNebrasaNe Da.3s2ireNe <erseyNe $*rN*rt2 8a*taO2i*!e++syl-a+iaR2*de Isla+d'*ut2 8a*taVer.*+tBas2i+gt*+Best Virgi+iaBis/*+si+By*.i+g

/; Re*r.ulated gas*li+e /*-ered areas 2i/2 are 3artially i+ VO""*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 a+d 3artially i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ @ s2all bei+/luded i+ VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+ 1, e/e3t i+ t2e /ase * t2e!2iladel32ia(Bil.i+gt*+(Tre+t*+ "M'A 2i/2 s2all be i+/luded i+ VO""*+tr*l Regi*+ @0

'e/0 &%0)@ [Reser-ed]

'e/0 &%0)C I+ability t* 3r*du/e /*+*r.i+g gas*li+e i+ etra*rdi+ary



/ir/u.sta+/es0

I+ a33r*3riate etre.e a+d u+usual /ir/u.sta+/es e0g0, +aturaldisaster *r A/t * #*d; 2i/2 are /learly *utside t2e /*+tr*l * t2erei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der a+d 2i/2 /*uld +*t 2a-e bee+

a-*ided by t2e eer/ise * 3rude+/e, dilige+/e, a+d due /are, E!A .ay3er.it a rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der, *r a brie 3eri*d,t* distribute gas*li+e 2i/2 d*es +*t .eet t2e re5uire.e+ts *rre*r.ulated gas*li+e, i: a; It is i+ t2e 3ubli/ i+terest t* d* s* e0g0, distributi*+ *t2e +*+/*+*r.i+g gas*li+e is +e/essary t* .eet 3r*e/ted s2*rtalls2i/2 /a++*t *t2erise be /*.3e+sated *r; b; T2e rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der eer/ised 3rude+t3la++i+g a+d as +*t able t* a-*id t2e -i*lati*+ a+d 2as tae+ allreas*+able ste3s t* .i+i.i7e t2e ete+t * t2e +*+/*+*r.ity /; T2e rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der /a+ s2* 2* t2ere5uire.e+ts *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e ill be e3editi*usly a/2ie-ed d; T2e rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der agrees t* .ae u3air 5uality detri.e+t ass*/iated it2 t2e +*+/*+*r.i+g gas*li+e, 2ere3ra/ti/able a+d e; T2e rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der 3ays t* t2e 0'0Treasury a+ a.*u+t e5ual t* t2e e/*+*.i/ be+eit * t2e +*+/*+*r.ity.i+us t2e a.*u+t e3e+ded, 3ursua+t t* 3aragra32 d; * t2is se/ti*+,i+ .ai+g u3 t2e air 5uality detri.e+t0

'e/0 &%0)4 Re/*rd ee3i+g re5uire.e+ts0

All 3arties i+ t2e gas*li+e distributi*+ +et*r, as des/ribed i+t2is se/ti*+, s2all .ai+tai+ re/*rds /*+tai+i+g t2e i+*r.ati*+ asre5uired i+ t2is se/ti*+0 T2ese re/*rds s2all be retai+ed *r a 3eri*d* i-e years r*. t2e date * /reati*+, a+d s2all be deli-ered t* t2e

Ad.i+istrat*r * E!A *r t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r?s aut2*ri7edre3rese+tati-e u3*+ re5uest0

a; All regulated 3arties0 A+y rei+er, i.3*rter, *yge+ateble+der, /arrier, distribut*r, reseller, retailer, *r 2*lesale3ur/2aser2* sells, *ers *r sale, dis3e+ses, su33lies, *ers *rsu33ly, st*res, tra+s3*rts, *r /auses t2e tra+s3*rtati*+ * a+yre*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO, s2all .ai+tai+ re/*rds /*+tai+i+g t2e*ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+: 1; T2e 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+tati*+ *r all re*r.ulatedgas*li+e *r RO *r 2i/2 t2e 3arty is t2e tra+ser*r *r tra+sereea+d @; F*r a+y sa.3li+g a+d testi+g *+ RO *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e: i; T2e l*/ati*+, date, ti.e, a+d st*rage ta+ *r tru/ide+tii/ati*+ *r ea/2 sa.3le /*lle/ted ii; T2e ide+tii/ati*+ * t2e 3ers*+ 2* /*lle/ted t2e sa.3le a+d



t2e 3ers*+ 2* 3er*r.ed t2e testi+g iii; T2e results * t2e tests a+d i-; T2e a/ti*+s tae+ t* st*3 t2e sale * a+y gas*li+e *u+d +*tt* be i+ /*.3lia+/e, a+d t2e a/ti*+s tae+ t* ide+tiy t2e /ause * a+y+*+/*.3lia+/e a+d 3re-e+t uture i+sta+/es * +*+/*.3lia+/e0

b; Rei+ers a+d i.3*rters0 I+ additi*+ t* *t2er re5uire.e+ts *t2is se/ti*+, a+y rei+er a+d i.3*rter s2all, *r all re*r.ulatedgas*li+e a+d RO 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted, .ai+tai+ re/*rds /*+tai+i+g t2e*ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+: 1; Results * t2e tests t* deter.i+e re*r.ulated gas*li+e3r*3erties a+d /2ara/teristi/s s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%06= @; Results * t2e tests *r t2e 3rese+/e * t2e .arer s3e/iiedi+ 'e/0 &%0&@ C; T2e -*lu.e * gas*li+e ass*/iated it2 ea/2 * t2e ab*-e testresults usi+g t2e .et2*d +*r.ally e.3l*yed at t2e rei+ery *r i.3*rta/ility *r t2is 3ur3*se 4; I+ t2e /ase * RO: i; T2e results * tests t* e+sure t2at, *ll*i+g ble+di+g, RO.eets a33li/able sta+dards a+d ii; Ea/2 /*+tra/t it2 ea/2 *yge+ate ble+der t* 2*. t2e rei+er*r i.3*rter tra+sers RO *r iii; "*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s des/ribed i+ 'e/0 &%069a;&; based*+ a+ assu.ed additi*+ * *yge+ate =; I+ t2e /ase * a+y rei+ery *r i.3*rter sube/t t* t2e si.3le.*del sta+dards, t2e /al/ulati*+s used t* deter.i+e t2e 199% baseli+ele-els * sulur, T(9%, a+d *lei+s, a+d t2e /al/ulati*+s used t*deter.i+e /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e sta+dards *r t2ese 3ara.eters a+d 6; I+ t2e /ase * a+y rei+ery *r i.3*rter sube/t t* t2e /*.3le.*del sta+dards be*re <a+uary 1, 199&, t2e /al/ulati*+s used t*deter.i+e t2e baseli+e le-els * VO", t*i/s, a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s3er*r.a+/e0 /; Rei+ers, i.3*rters a+d *yge+ate ble+ders * a-eragedgas*li+e0 I+ additi*+ t* *t2er re5uire.e+ts * t2is se/ti*+, a+yrei+er, i.3*rter, a+d *yge+ate ble+der 2* 3r*du/es *r i.3*rts a+yre*r.ulated gas*li+e *r 2i/2 /*.3lia+/e it2 *+e *r .*re a33li/ablesta+dard is deter.i+ed *+ a-erage s2all .ai+tai+ re/*rds /*+tai+i+g t2e*ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+: 1; T2e /al/ulati*+s used t* deter.i+e /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e rele-a+tsta+dards *+ a-erage, *r ea/2 a-eragi+g 3eri*d a+d *r ea/2 5ua+tity* gas*li+e *r 2i/2 sta+dards .ust be se3arately a/2ie-ed a+d @; F*r a+y /redits b*ug2t, s*ld, traded *r tra+serred 3ursua+t t*'e/0 &%06)2;, t2e dates * t2e tra+sa/ti*+s, t2e +a.es a+d E!Aregistrati*+ +u.bers * t2e 3arties i+-*l-ed, a+d t2e +u.bers; a+dty3es; * /redits tra+serred0 d; Oyge+ate ble+ders0 I+ additi*+ t* *t2er re5uire.e+ts * t2isse/ti*+, a+y *yge+ate ble+der 2* ble+ds a+y *yge+ate it2 a+y ROs2all, *r ea/2 *//asi*+ su/2 ter.i+al st*rage ta+ ble+di+g *//urs,



.ai+tai+ re/*rds /*+tai+i+g t2e *ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+: i; T2e date, ti.e, l*/ati*+, a+d ide+tii/ati*+ * t2e ble+di+gta+ *r tru/ i+ 2i/2 t2e ble+di+g *//urred ii; T2e -*lu.e a+d *yge+ate re5uire.e+ts * t2e RO t* 2i/2*yge+ate as added a+d

iii; T2e -*lu.e, ty3e, a+d 3urity * t2e *yge+ate 2i/2 asadded, a+d d*/u.e+ts 2i/2 s2* t2e s*ur/es; * t2e *yge+ate used0 e; 8istribut*rs 2* dis3e+se RO i+t* tru/s0 I+ additi*+ t**t2er re5uire.e+ts * t2is se/ti*+, a+y distribut*r 2* dis3e+ses a+yRO i+t* a tru/ used *r deli-eri+g gas*li+e t* retail *utlets s2all,*r ea/2 *//asi*+ RO is dis3e+sed i+t* su/2 a tru/, *btai+ re/*rdside+tiyi+g: 1; T2e +a.e a+d E!A registrati*+ +u.ber * t2e *yge+ate ble+dert2at re/ei-ed t2e RO a+d @; T2e -*lu.e a+d *yge+ate re5uire.e+ts * t2e RO dis3e+sed0 ; "*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e re5uire.e+t0 I+ additi*+ t* *t2erre5uire.e+ts * t2is se/ti*+, a+y rei+er a+d i.3*rter s2all, *r all/*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted, .ai+tai+ re/*rds s2*i+gt2e ble+di+g * t2e .arer re5uired u+der 'e/0 &%0&@ i+t* /*+-e+ti*+algas*li+e, a+d t2e results * t2e tests s2*i+g t2e /*+/e+trati*+ *t2is .arer subse5ue+t t* its additi*+0 g; Retailers be*re <a+uary 1, 199&0 !ri*r t* <a+uary 1, 199& a+yretailer t2at sells *r *ers *r sale a+y re*r.ulated gas*li+e s2all.ai+tai+ at ea/2 retail *utlet t2e 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+tati*+ *rt2e .*st re/e+t t2ree deli-eries t* t2e retail *utlet * ea/2 grade *re*r.ulated gas*li+e s*ld *r *ered *r sale at t2e retail *utlet,a+d s2all .ae su/2 d*/u.e+tati*+ a-ailable t* a+y 3ers*+ /*+du/ti+ga+y gas*li+e /*.3lia+/e sur-ey 3ursua+t t* 'e/0 &%06&0

'e/0 &%0)= Re3*rti+g re5uire.e+ts0

A+y rei+er, i.3*rter, a+d *yge+ate ble+der s2all re3*rt ass3e/iied i+ t2is se/ti*+, a+d s2all re3*rt su/2 *t2er i+*r.ati*+ ast2e Ad.i+istrat*r .ay re5uire0

a; uarterly re3*rts *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 A+y rei+er *ri.3*rter t2at 3r*du/es *r i.3*rts a+y re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO,a+d a+y *yge+ate ble+der t2at 3r*du/es re*r.ulated gas*li+e .eeti+gt2e *yge+ sta+dard *+ a-erage, s2all sub.it 5uarterly re3*rts t* t2e

Ad.i+istrat*r *r ea/2 rei+ery *r *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility at 2i/2su/2 re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO as 3r*du/ed a+d *r all su/2re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO i.3*rted by ea/2 i.3*rter0 1; T2e 5uarterly re3*rts s2all be *r all su/2 re*r.ulatedgas*li+e *r RO 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted duri+g t2e *ll*i+g ti.e3eri*ds:

i; T2e irst 5uarterly re3*rt s2all i+/lude i+*r.ati*+ *r



re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted r*. <a+uary 1t2r*ug2 Mar/2 C1, a+d s2all be sub.itted by May C1 * ea/2 yearbegi++i+g i+ 199=

ii; T2e se/*+d 5uarterly re3*rt s2all i+/lude i+*r.ati*+ *r

re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted r*. A3ril 1 t2r*ug2<u+e C%, a+d s2all be sub.itted by August C1 * ea/2 year begi++i+g i+199=

iii; T2e t2ird 5uarterly re3*rt s2all i+/lude i+*r.ati*+ *rre*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted r*. <uly 1 t2r*ug2'e3te.ber C%, a+d s2all be sub.itted by N*-e.ber C% * ea/2 yearbegi++i+g i+ 199= a+d

i-; T2e *urt2 5uarterly re3*rt s2all i+/lude i+*r.ati*+ *rre*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted r*. O/t*ber 1t2r*ug2 8e/e.ber C1, a+d s2all be sub.itted by t2e last day * February* ea/2 year begi++i+g i+ 19960

@; T2e *ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+ s2all be i+/luded i+ ea/2 5uarterlyre3*rt *r ea/2 bat/2 * re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO 2i/2 isi+/luded u+der 3aragra32 a;1; * t2is se/ti*+: i; T2e bat/2 +u.ber

ii; T2e date * 3r*du/ti*+

iii; T2e -*lu.e * t2e bat/2

i-; T2e grade * gas*li+e 3r*du/ed i0e0, 3re.iu., .id(grade, *rregular;

-; F*r a+y rei+er *r i.3*rter:

A; Ea/2 desig+ati*+ * t2e gas*li+e, 3ursua+t t* 'e/0 &%06= a+d ; T2e 3r*3erties, 3ursua+t t* 'e/s0 &%06= a+d &%066 -i; F*r a+y i.3*rter, t2e !A88 i+ 2i/2 t2e i.3*rt a/ility isl*/ated a+d

-ii; F*r a+y *yge+ate ble+der, t2e *yge+ /*+te+t0 C; I+*r.ati*+ 3ertai+i+g t* gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted duri+g1994 s2all be i+/luded i+ t2e irst 5uarterly re3*rt i+ 199=0 b; RV! a-eragi+g re3*rts0 1; A+y rei+er *r i.3*rter t2at3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted a+y re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO u+der t2e si.3le.*del t2at as t* .eet RV! sta+dards *+ a-erage >>a-eragedre*r.ulated gas*li+e??; s2all sub.it t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r, it2 t2et2ird 5uarterly re3*rt, a re3*rt *r ea/2 rei+ery *r i.3*rter *r su/2a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted duri+g t2e



3re-i*us RV! a-eragi+g 3eri*d0 T2is i+*r.ati*+ s2all be re3*rtedse3arately *r t2e *ll*i+g /ateg*ries: i; #as*li+e *r RO 2i/2 is desig+ated as VO"(/*+tr*lled i+te+ded*r areas i+ VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 a+d ii; #as*li+e *r RO 2i/2 is desig+ated as VO"(/*+tr*lled

i+te+ded *r VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ @0

@; T2e *ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+ s2all be re3*rted: i; T2e t*tal -*lu.e * a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO i+gall*+s

ii; T2e /*.3lia+/e t*tal -alue *r RV! a+d iii; T2e a/tual t*tal -alue *r RV!0 /; VO" e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e a-eragi+g re3*rts0 1; A+y rei+er *ri.3*rter t2at 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted a+y re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r ROu+der t2e /*.3le .*del t2at as t* .eet t2e VO" e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/esta+dards *+ a-erage >>a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e??; s2all sub.itt* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r, it2 t2e t2ird 5uarterly re3*rt, a re3*rt *rea/2 rei+ery *r i.3*rter *r su/2 a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted duri+g t2e 3re-i*us VO" a-eragi+g 3eri*d0 T2isi+*r.ati*+ s2all be re3*rted se3arately *r t2e *ll*i+g /ateg*ries: i; #as*li+e *r RO 2i/2 is desig+ated as VO"(/*+tr*lled i+te+ded*r areas i+ VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 a+d ii; #as*li+e *r RO 2i/2 is desig+ated as VO"(/*+tr*lledi+te+ded *r VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ @0

@; T2e *ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+ s2all be re3*rted: i; T2e t*tal -*lu.e * a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO i+gall*+s

ii; T2e /*.3lia+/e t*tal -alue *r VO" e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e a+d iii; T2e a/tual t*tal -alue *r VO" e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e0 d; e+7e+e /*+te+t a-eragi+g re3*rts0 1; A+y rei+er *r i.3*rtert2at 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted a+y re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO t2at as t*.eet t2e be+7e+e /*+te+t sta+dards *+ a-erage >>a-eraged re*r.ulatedgas*li+e??; s2all sub.it t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r, it2 t2e *urt25uarterly re3*rt, a re3*rt *r ea/2 rei+ery *r i.3*rter *r su/2a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e t2at as 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted duri+g t2e3re-i*us t*i/s a-eragi+g 3eri*d0

@; T2e *ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+ s2all be re3*rted: i; T2e -*lu.e * a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO i+gall*+s

ii; T2e /*.3lia+/e t*tal /*+te+t * be+7e+e iii; T2e a/tual t*tal /*+te+t * be+7e+e i-; T2e +u.ber * be+7e+e /redits ge+erated as a result * a/tual



t*tal be+7e+e bei+g less t2a+ /*.3lia+/e t*tal be+7e+e -; T2e +u.ber * be+7e+e /redits re5uired as a result * a/tualt*tal be+7e+e bei+g greater t2a+ /*.3lia+/e t*tal be+7e+e -i; T2e +u.ber * be+7e+e /redits tra+serred t* a+*t2er rei+ery*r i.3*rter a+d

-ii; T2e +u.ber * be+7e+e /redits *btai+ed r*. a+*t2er rei+ery*r i.3*rter0

e; T*i/s e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e a-eragi+g re3*rts0 1; A+y rei+er*r i.3*rter t2at 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted a+y re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r ROt2at as t* .eet t2e t*i/s e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e sta+dards *+ a-erage>>a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e??; s2all sub.it t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r,it2 t2e *urt2 5uarterly re3*rt, a re3*rt *r ea/2 rei+ery *ri.3*rter *r su/2 a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e t2at as 3r*du/ed *ri.3*rted duri+g t2e 3re-i*us t*i/s a-eragi+g 3eri*d0 @; T2e *ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+ s2all be re3*rted: i; T2e -*lu.e * a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO i+gall*+s

ii; T2e /*.3lia+/e -alue *r t*i/s e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e a+d iii; T2e a/tual -alue *r t*i/s e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e0 ; Oyge+ a-eragi+g re3*rts0 1; A+y rei+er, i.3*rter, *r*yge+ate ble+der t2at 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted a+y re*r.ulated gas*li+et2at as t* .eet t2e *yge+ sta+dards *+ a-erage >>a-eragedre*r.ulated gas*li+e??; s2all sub.it t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r, it2 t2e*urt2 5uarterly re3*rt, a re3*rt *r ea/2 rei+ery a+d *yge+ateble+di+g a/ility at 2i/2 su/2 a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e as3r*du/ed a+d *r all su/2 a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e i.3*rted byea/2 i.3*rter duri+g t2e 3re-i*us *yge+ a-eragi+g 3eri*d0 @;i; T2e *ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+ s2all be i+/luded i+ ea/2 re3*rtre5uired by 3aragra32 ;1; * t2is se/ti*+: A; T2e t*tal -*lu.e * a-eraged RO i+ gall*+s ; T2e t*tal -*lu.e * a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e i+ gall*+s "; T2e /*.3lia+/e t*tal /*+te+t *r *yge+ 8; T2e a/tual t*tal /*+te+t *r *yge+ E; T2e +u.ber * *yge+ /redits ge+erated as a result * a/tualt*tal *yge+ bei+g greater t2a+ /*.3lia+/e t*tal *yge+ F; T2e +u.ber * *yge+ /redits re5uired as a result * a/tualt*tal *yge+ bei+g less t2a+ /*.3lia+/e t*tal *yge+ #; T2e +u.ber * *yge+ /redits tra+serred t* a+*t2er rei+ery,i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility a+d D; T2e +u.ber * *yge+ /redits *btai+ed r*. a+*t2er rei+ery,i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility0 ii; T2e i+*r.ati*+ re5uired by 3aragra32 ;@;i; * t2isse/ti*+ s2all be re3*rted se3arately *r t2e *ll*i+g /ateg*ries: A; F*r gas*li+e sube/t t* t2e si.3le .*del sta+dards:



1; #as*li+e desig+ated as VO"(/*+tr*lled a+d +*+(*yge+ated uels3r*gra. re*r.ulated gas*li+e O!R#;

@; #as*li+e 2i/2 is desig+ated as VO"(/*+tr*lled a+d +*+(O!R# C; #as*li+e 2i/2 is desig+ated as +*+(VO"(/*+tr*lled a+d O!R#

a+d

4; #as*li+e 2i/2 is desig+ated as +*+(VO"(/*+tr*lled a+d +*+O!R#a+d

; F*r gas*li+e sube/t t* t2e !2ase I *r !2ase II /*.3le .*delsta+dards:

1; #as*li+e 2i/2 is desig+ated as O!R# a+d @; #as*li+e 2i/2 is desig+ated as +*+(O!R#0 iii; T2e results * t2e /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s re5uired i+'e/0 &%06); s2all als* be i+/luded i+ ea/2 re3*rt re5uired by3aragra32 ;1; * t2is se/ti*+, *r ea/2 * t2e *ll*i+g /ateg*ries: A; All re*r.ulated gas*li+e

; #as*li+e 2i/2 is desig+ated as +*+(O!R# a+d "; F*r gas*li+e sube/t t* t2e si.3le .*del sta+dards, gas*li+e2i/2 is desig+ated as VO"(/*+tr*lled0 g; NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e a-eragi+g re3*rts0 1; A+yrei+er *r i.3*rter t2at 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted a+y re*r.ulated gas*li+e*r RO t2at as t* .eet t2e NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e sta+dard *+a-erage >>a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e??; s2all sub.it t* t2e

Ad.i+istrat*r, it2 t2e *urt2 5uarterly re3*rt, a re3*rt *r ea/2rei+ery *r i.3*rter *r su/2 a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e t2at as3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted duri+g t2e 3re-i*us NOJINFK a-eragi+g 3eri*d0 @; T2e *ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+ s2all be re3*rted: i; T2e -*lu.e * a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO i+gall*+s

ii; T2e /*.3lia+/e -alue *r NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e a+d iii; T2e a/tual -alue *r NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e0 C; T2e i+*r.ati*+ re5uired by 3aragra32 g;@; * t2is se/ti*+s2all be re3*rted se3arately *r t2e *ll*i+g /ateg*ries: i; #as*li+e a+d RO 2i/2 is desig+ated as VO"(/*+tr*lled a+d ii; #as*li+e a+d RO 2i/2 is +*t desig+ated as VO"(/*+tr*lled0 2; "redit tra+ser re3*rts0 1; As a+ additi*+al 3art * t2e*urt2 5uarterly re3*rt re5uired by t2is se/ti*+, a+y rei+er,i.3*rter, a+d *yge+ate ble+der s2all, *r ea/2 rei+ery, i.3*rter, *r*yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility, su33ly t2e *ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+ *r a+y*yge+ *r be+7e+e /redits t2at are tra+serred r*. *r t* a+*t2errei+ery, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility: i; T2e +a.es, E!A(assig+ed registrati*+ +u.bers a+d a/ility



ide+tii/ati*+ +u.bers * t2e tra+ser*r a+d tra+seree * t2e /redits ii; T2e +u.bers; a+d ty3es; * /redits t2at ere tra+serreda+d

iii; T2e dates; * tra+sa/ti*+s;0

@; F*r 3ur3*ses * t2is 3aragra32 2;, *yge+ /redit tra+serss2all be re3*rted se3arately *r ea/2 * t2e *ll*i+g *yge+ /reditty3es:

i; F*r gas*li+e sube/t t* t2e si.3le .*del sta+dards: A; VO" /*+tr*lled, *yge+ated uels 3r*gra. re*r.ulated gas*li+eO!R#; *yge+ /redits

; VO" /*+tr*lled, +*+(O!R# *yge+ /redits "; N*+(VO" /*+tr*lled, O!R# *yge+ /redits a+d 8; N*+(VO" /*+tr*lled, +*+(O!R# *yge+ /redits a+d ii; F*r gas*li+e sube/t t* t2e !2ase I *r !2ase II /*.3le .*delsta+dards:

A; O!R# *yge+ /redits a+d

; N*+(O!R# *yge+ /redits0

i; "*-ered areas * gas*li+e use re3*rt0 A+y rei+er *r *yge+ateble+der t2at 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted a+y re*r.ulated gas*li+e t2at as t*.eet a+y re*r.ulated gas*li+e sta+dard *+ a-erage >>a-eragedre*r.ulated gas*li+e??; s2all, *r ea/2 rei+ery a+d *yge+ateble+di+g a/ility at 2i/2 su/2 a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e as3r*du/ed sub.it t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r, it2 t2e *urt2 5uarterly re3*rt,a re3*rt t2at /*+tai+s t2e ide+tity * ea/2 /*-ered area t2at assu33lied it2 a+y a-eraged re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*du/ed at ea/2rei+ery *r ble+ded by ea/2 *yge+ate ble+der duri+g t2e 3re-i*us year0 ; Additi*+al re3*rti+g re5uire.e+t *r /ertai+ i.3*rters0 I+ t2e/ase * a+y i.3*rter t* 2*. diere+t sta+dards a33ly *r gas*li+ei.3*rted at diere+t a/ilities, by *3erati*+ *'e/0 &%041.;@;iii;, su/2 i.3*rter s2all sub.it se3arate re3*rts *rgas*li+e i.3*rted i+t* a/ilities sube/t t* diere+t sta+dards0 ; Re3*rti+g re5uire.e+ts *r early use * t2e /*.3le .*del0 A+yrei+er *r a+y rei+ery, *r a+y i.3*rter, t2at ele/ts t* be sube/t t*/*.3le .*del sta+dards u+der 'e/0 &%041i;1; s2all re3*rt su/2ele/ti*+ i+ riti+g t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r +* later t2a+ sity days 3ri*rt* t2e begi++i+g * t2e /ale+dar year duri+g 2i/2 su/2 sta+dards *ulda33ly0 T2is re3*rt s2all i+/lude t2e rei+ery?s *r i.3*rter?s baseli+e-alues *r VO", NOJINFK, a+d t*i/s e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e, i+.illigra.s 3er .ile0

l; Re3*rts *r 3er(gall*+ /*.3lia+/e gas*li+e0 I+ t2e /ase *



re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO *r 2i/2 /*.3lia+/e it2 ea/2 * t2esta+dards set *rt2 i+ 'e/0 &%041 is a/2ie-ed *+ a 3er(gall*+ basis,t2e rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der s2all sub.it t* t2e

Ad.i+istrat*r, by t2e last day * February * ea/2 year begi++i+g i+1996, a re3*rt * t2e -*lu.e * ea/2 desig+ated re*r.ulated gas*li+e

*r RO 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted duri+g t2e 3re-i*us /ale+dar year *r2i/2 /*.3lia+/e is a/2ie-ed *+ a 3er(gall*+ basis, a+d a state.e+tt2at ea/2 gall*+ * t2is re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO .et t2ea33li/able sta+dards0

.; Re3*rts * /*.3lia+/e audits0 A+y rei+er, i.3*rter, a+d*yge+ate ble+der s2all /ause t* be sub.itted t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r, byMay C1 * ea/2 year, t2e re3*rt * t2e /*.3lia+/e audit re5uired by'e/0 &%06=2;0

+; Re3*rt sub.issi*+0 T2e re3*rts re5uired by t2is se/ti*+ s2allbe:

1; 'ub.itted *+ *r.s a+d *ll*i+g 3r*/edures s3e/iied by t2e Ad.i+istrat*r a+d

@; 'ig+ed a+d /ertiied as /*rre/t by t2e *+er *r a res3*+sible/*r3*rate *i/er * t2e rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der0

'e/0 &%0)6 Registrati*+ * rei+ers, i.3*rters *r *yge+ate ble+ders0

a; Registrati*+ it2 t2e Ad.i+istrat*r * E!A is re5uired *r a+yrei+er a+d i.3*rter, a+d a+y *yge+ate ble+der t2at 3r*du/es a+yre*r.ulated gas*li+e0

b; A+y 3ers*+ re5uired t* register s2all d* s* by N*-e.ber 1,1994, *r +*t later t2a+ t2ree .*+t2s i+ ad-a+/e * t2e irst date t2atsu/2 3ers*+ ill 3r*du/e *r i.3*rt re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO, *r/*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e *r a33li/able ble+dst*/s, 2i/2e-er is later0 /; Registrati*+ s2all be *+ *r.s 3res/ribed by t2e Ad.i+istrat*r,a+d s2all i+/lude t2e *ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+: 1; T2e +a.e, busi+ess address, /*+ta/t +a.e, a+d tele32*+e +u.ber* t2e rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der @; T2e address a+d 32ysi/al l*/ati*+ 2ere t2e d*/u.e+ts 2i/2 arere5uired t* be retai+ed by 'e/0 &%0)4 *r &%01%4 ill be e3t by t2erei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der a+d C; F*r ea/2 se3arate rei+ery a+d *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility: i; T2e a/ility +a.e, 32ysi/al l*/ati*+, /*+ta/t +a.e, tele32*+e+u.ber, ty3e * a/ility, a+d 2et2er t2e a/ility ill 3r*du/ere*r.ulated gas*li+e, RO, /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e *r a33li/ableble+dst*/s



ii; T2e ide+tity * ea/2 /*-ered area 2i/2 is su33lied it2 a+yre*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO 3r*du/ed at t2e rei+ery *r ble+di+ga/ility *r i.3*rted by t2e i.3*rter a+d iii; T2e +a.e, address, /*+ta/t +a.e a+d tele32*+e +u.ber * t2e

i+de3e+de+t lab*rat*ry used t* .eet t2e i+de3e+de+t a+alysisre5uire.e+ts * 'e/0 &%06=;0

d; E!A ill su33ly a registrati*+ +u.ber t* ea/2 rei+er,i.3*rter, a+d *yge+ate ble+der, a+d a a/ility registrati*+ +u.ber *rea/2 rei+ery a+d *yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility t2at is ide+tiied, 2i/2s2all be used i+ all re3*rts t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r0 e;1; A+y rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der s2all sub.itu3dated registrati*+ i+*r.ati*+ t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r it2i+ t2irtydays * a+y *//asi*+ 2e+ t2e registrati*+ i+*r.ati*+ 3re-i*uslysu33lied be/*.es i+/*.3lete *r i+a//urate e/e3t t2at @; E!A .ust be +*tiied i+ riti+g * a+y /2a+ge i+ desig+atedi+de3e+de+t lab*rat*ry at least t2irty days i+ ad-a+/e * su/2 /2a+ge0

'e/0 &%0)) !r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+tati*+0

O+ ea/2 *//asi*+ 2e+ a+y 3ers*+ tra+sers /ust*dy *r title t* a+yre*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO, *t2er t2a+ 2e+ gas*li+e is s*ld *rdis3e+sed *r use i+ .*t*r -e2i/les at a retail *utlet *r 2*lesale3ur/2aser(/*+su.er a/ility, t2e tra+ser*r s2all 3r*-ide t* t2etra+seree d*/u.e+ts 2i/2 i+/lude t2e *ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+: a; T2e +a.e a+d address * t2e tra+ser*r b; T2e +a.e a+d address * t2e tra+seree /; T2e -*lu.e * gas*li+e 2i/2 is bei+g tra+serred d; T2e l*/ati*+ * t2e gas*li+e at t2e ti.e * t2e tra+ser e; T2e date * t2e tra+ser

; T2e 3r*3er ide+tii/ati*+ * t2e gas*li+e as /*+-e+ti*+al *rre*r.ulated

g; I+ t2e /ase * re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO: 1; T2e 3r*3er ide+tii/ati*+ as:

i;A; VO"(/*+tr*lled *r VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 *r VO"(/*+tr*lled*r VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ @ *r N*t VO"(/*+tr*lled *r ; I+ t2e /ase * gas*li+e *r RO t2at is VO"(/*+tr*lled *r VO""*+tr*lRegi*+ 1, t2e gas*li+e .ay be ide+tiied as suitable *r useeit2er i+ VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ 1 *r VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ @ ii; Oyge+ated uels 3r*gra. re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r N*t*yge+ated uels 3r*gra. re*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d iii; !ri*r t* <a+uary 1, 199&, /ertiied u+der t2e si.3le .*del



sta+dards *r /ertiied u+der t2e /*.3le .*del sta+dards a+d @; T2e .i+i.u. a+dL*r .ai.u. sta+dards it2 2i/2 t2e gas*li+e *rRO /*+*r.s *r:

i; e+7e+e /*+te+t

ii; E/e3t *r RO, *yge+ /*+te+t iii; I+ t2e /ase * gas*li+e sube/t t* t2e si.3le .*delsta+dards, RV!

i-; I+ t2e /ase * gas*li+e sube/t t* t2e /*.3le .*delsta+dards:

A; !ri*r t* <a+uary 1, 199&, t2e VO" a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s3er*r.a+/e .i+i.u.s i+ .illigra.s 3er .ile a+d ; egi++i+g *+ <a+uary 1, 199&, t2e VO" a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s3er*r.a+/e redu/ti*+ 3er/e+tage .i+i.u.s 2; !ri*r t* <a+uary 1, 199&, i+ t2e /ase * gas*li+e *r ROsube/t t* t2e /*.3le .*del sta+dards: 1; T2e +a.e a+d E!A registrati*+ +u.ber * t2e rei+ery at 2i/2t2e gas*li+e as 3r*du/ed, *r i.3*rter t2at i.3*rted t2e gas*li+e a+d @; I+stru/ti*+s t2at t2e gas*li+e *r RO .ay +*t be /*.bi+ed it2a+y *t2er gas*li+e *r RO t2at as 3r*du/ed at a+y *t2er rei+ery *ras i.3*rted by a+y *t2er i.3*rter

i; I+ t2e /ase * re*r.ulated gas*li+e ble+dst*/ *r 2i/2*yge+ate ble+di+g is i+te+ded:

1; Ide+tii/ati*+ * t2e 3r*du/t as RO a+d +*t re*r.ulatedgas*li+e

@; T2e desig+ati*+ * t2e RO as suitable *r ble+di+g it2: A; A+y(*yge+ate

; Et2er(*+ly *r

"; Ot2er s3e/iied *yge+ate ty3es; a+d a.*u+ts; a+d C; T2e *yge+ate ty3es; a+d a.*u+ts; 2i/2 t2e RO re5uires i+*rder t* .eet t2e 3r*3erties /lai.ed by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter * t2eRO

4; I+stru/ti*+s t2at t2e RO .ay +*t be /*.bi+ed it2 a+y *t2erRO e/e3t *t2er RO 2a-i+g t2e sa.e re5uire.e+ts *r *yge+atety3es; a+d a.*u+ts;, *r, 3ri*r t* ble+di+g, it2 re*r.ulatedgas*li+e a+d

; I+ t2e /ase * tra+serrers *r tra+serees 2* are rei+ers,



i.3*rters *r *yge+ate ble+ders, t2e E!A(assig+ed registrati*+ +u.ber* t2*se 3ers*+s0

'e/0 &%0)& "*+tr*ls a+d 3r*2ibiti*+s *+ re*r.ulated gas*li+e0

a; !r*2ibited a/ti-ities0 1; N* 3ers*+ .ay .a+ua/ture a+d sell*r distribute, *er *r sale *r distributi*+, dis3e+se, su33ly, *er*r su33ly, st*re, tra+s3*rt, *r /ause t2e tra+s3*rtati*+ * a+ygas*li+e re3rese+ted as re*r.ulated a+d i+te+ded *r sale *r use i+a+y /*-ered area:

i; +less ea/2 gall*+ * su/2 gas*li+e .eets t2e a33li/ablebe+7e+e .ai.u. sta+dard s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%041 ii; +less ea/2 gall*+ * su/2 gas*li+e .eets t2e a33li/able*yge+ /*+te+t:

A; Mi+i.u. sta+dard s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%041 a+d ; I+ t2e /ase * gas*li+e sube/t t* si.3le .*del sta+dards,.ai.u. sta+dard s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%041 iii; +less ea/2 gall*+ is 3r*3erly desig+ated as *yge+ated uels3r*gra. re*r.ulated gas*li+e, it2i+ a+y *yge+ated gas*li+e 3r*gra./*+tr*l areas duri+g t2e *yge+ated gas*li+e /*+tr*l 3eri*d i-; +less t2e 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+tati*+ *r su/2 gas*li+e/*.3lies it2 t2e re5uire.e+ts i+ 'e/0 &%0)) a+d -; 8uri+g t2e 3eri*d May 1 t2r*ug2 'e3te.ber 1= *r all 3ers*+se/e3t retailers a+d 2*lesale 3ur/2aser(/*+su.ers, a+d duri+g t2e3eri*d <u+e 1 t2r*ug2 'e3te.ber 1= *r all 3ers*+s i+/ludi+g retailersa+d 2*lesale 3ur/2aser(/*+su.ers:

A; +less ea/2 gall*+ * su/2 gas*li+e is VO"(/*+tr*lled *r t2e3r*3er VO" "*+tr*l Regi*+, e/e3t t2at gas*li+e desig+ated *r VO""*+tr*lRegi*+ 1 .ay be used i+ VO"("*+tr*l Regi*+ @ ; +less ea/2 gall*+ * su/2 gas*li+e t2at is sube/t t* si.3le.*del sta+dards 2as a+ RV! 2i/2 is bel* t2e a33li/able RV! .ai.u.s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%041

"; +less ea/2 gall*+ * su/2 gas*li+e t2at is sube/t t* /*.3le.*del sta+dards 2as a VO" a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s redu/ti*+ 3er/e+tage2i/2 is ab*-e t2e a33li/able .i+i.u. s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%0410 @; N* rei+er *r i.3*rter .ay 3r*du/e *r i.3*rt a+y gas*li+ere3rese+ted as re*r.ulated *r RO, a+d i+te+ded *r sale *r use i+a+y /*-ered area:

i; +less su/2 gas*li+e .eets t2e dei+iti*+ * re*r.ulatedgas*li+e *r RO a+d



ii; +less t2e 3r*3erties * su/2 gas*li+e *r RO /*rres3*+d t*t2e 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts0

C; N* 3ers*+ .ay .a+ua/ture a+d sell *r distribute, *r *er *rsale *r distributi*+, dis3e+se, su33ly, *r *er *r su33ly, st*re,

tra+s3*rt *r /ause t2e tra+s3*rtati*+ * gas*li+e re3rese+ted as/*+-e+ti*+al 2i/2 d*es +*t /*+tai+ at least t2e .i+i.u. /*+/e+trati*+* t2e /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e .arer s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%0&@0 4; #as*li+e s2all be 3resu.ed t* be i+te+ded *r sale *r use i+ a/*-ered area u+less:

i; !r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+tati*+ as des/ribed i+ 'e/0 &%0))a//*.3a+yi+g su/2 gas*li+e /learly i+di/ates t2e gas*li+e is i+te+ded*r sale a+d use *+ly *utside a+y /*-ered area *r ii; T2e gas*li+e is /*+tai+ed i+ t2e st*rage ta+ * a retailer *r2*lesale 3ur/2aser(/*+su.er *utside a+y /*-ered area0 =; N* 3ers*+ .ay /*.bi+e a+y re*r.ulated gas*li+e it2 a+y +*+*yge+ateble+dst*/ e/e3t:

i; A 3ers*+ t2at .eets ea/2 re5uire.e+t s3e/iied *r a rei+eru+der t2is sub3art a+d

ii; T2e ble+dst*/ t2at is added t* re*r.ulated gas*li+e .eetsall re*r.ulated gas*li+e sta+dards it2*ut regard t* t2e 3r*3erties *t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e t* 2i/2 t2e ble+dst*/ is added0 6; N* 3ers*+ .ay add a+y *yge+ate t* re*r.ulated gas*li+e,e/e3t t2at *yge+ate .ay be added t* re*r.ulated gas*li+e t2at isdesig+ated as O!R# 3r*-ided t2at su/2 gas*li+e is used i+ a+ *yge+ateduels 3r*gra. /*+tr*l area duri+g a+ *yge+ated uels /*+tr*l 3eri*d0 ); N* 3ers*+ .ay /*.bi+e a+y re*r.ulated gas*li+e ble+dst*/ *r*yge+ate ble+di+g it2 a+y *t2er gas*li+e, ble+dst*/, *r *yge+atee/e3t:

i; Oyge+ate * t2e ty3e a+d a.*u+t *r it2i+ t2e ra+ge *a.*u+ts; s3e/iied by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter at t2e ti.e t2e RO as3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted *r

ii; Ot2er RO *r 2i/2 t2e sa.e *yge+ate ty3e a+d a.*u+t *rra+ge * a.*u+ts; as s3e/iied by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter0 &; N* 3ers*+ .ay /*.bi+e a+y VO"(/*+tr*lled re*r.ulated gas*li+et2at is 3r*du/ed usi+g et2a+*l it2 a+y VO"(/*+tr*lled re*r.ulatedgas*li+e t2at is 3r*du/ed usi+g a+y *t2er *yge+ate duri+g t2e 3eri*d<a+uary 1 t2r*ug2 'e3te.ber 1=0

9; !ri*r t* <a+uary 1, 199&:

i; N* 3ers*+ .ay /*.bi+e a+y re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r RO t2at is



sube/t t* t2e si.3le .*del sta+dards it2 a+y re*r.ulated gas*li+e *rRO t2at is sube/t t* t2e /*.3le .*del sta+dards, e/e3t t2at su/2gas*li+es .ay be /*.bi+ed at a retail *utlet *r 2*lesale 3ur/2aser/*+su.era/ility

ii; N* 3ers*+ .ay /*.bi+e a+y re*r.ulated gas*li+e sube/t t* t2e/*.3le .*del sta+dards t2at is 3r*du/ed at a+y rei+ery *r is i.3*rtedby a+y i.3*rter it2 a+y *t2er re*r.ulated gas*li+e t2at is 3r*du/edat a diere+t rei+ery *r is i.3*rted by a diere+t i.3*rter, u+lesst2e *t2er rei+ery *r i.3*rter 2as a+ ide+ti/al baseli+e *r .eeti+g/*.3le .*del sta+dards duri+g t2is 3eri*d a+d iii; N* 3ers*+ .ay /*.bi+e a+y RO sube/t t* t2e /*.3le .*delsta+dards t2at is 3r*du/ed at a+y rei+ery *r is i.3*rted by a+yi.3*rter it2 a+y RO t2at is 3r*du/ed at a diere+t rei+ery *r isi.3*rted by a diere+t i.3*rter, u+less t2e *t2er rei+ery *r i.3*rter2as a+ ide+ti/al baseli+e *r .eeti+g /*.3le .*del sta+dards duri+gt2is 3eri*d0

1%; N* 3ers*+ .ay /*.bi+e a+y re*r.ulated gas*li+e it2 a+y/*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e a+d sell t2e resulti+g .iture as re*r.ulatedgas*li+e0

b; iability0 iability *r -i*lati*+s * 3aragra32 a; * t2isse/ti*+ s2all be deter.i+ed a//*rdi+g t* t2e 3r*-isi*+s * 'e/0 &%0)90 /; 8eter.i+ati*+ * /*.3lia+/e0 "*.3lia+/e it2 t2e sta+dardslisted i+ 3aragra32 a; * t2is se/ti*+ s2all be deter.i+ed by use **+e * t2e testi+g .et2*d*l*gies s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%046, e/e3t t2at2ere test results usi+g t2e testi+g .et2*d*l*gies s3e/iied i+'e/0 &%046 are +*t a-ailable *r 2ere su/2 test results are a-ailablebut are i+ 5uesti*+, E!A .ay establis2 +*+/*.3lia+/e it2 sta+dardsusi+g a+y i+*r.ati*+, i+/ludi+g t2e results * testi+g usi+g .et2*dst2at are +*t i+/luded i+ 'e/0 &%0460

d; 8ates /*+tr*ls a+d 3r*2ibiti*+s begi+0 T2e /*+tr*ls a+d3r*2ibiti*+s s3e/iied i+ 3aragra32 a; * t2is se/ti*+ a33ly at a+yl*/ati*+ *t2er t2a+ retail *utlets a+d 2*lesale 3ur/2aser(/*+su.era/ilities *+ *r ater 8e/e.ber 1, 1994, at a+y l*/ati*+ *+ *r ater<a+uary 1, 199=0

'e/0 &%0)9 iability *r -i*lati*+s * t2e 3r*2ibited a/ti-ities0

a; !ers*+s liable0 B2ere t2e gas*li+e /*+tai+ed i+ a+y st*rageta+ at a+y a/ility *+ed, leased, *3erated, /*+tr*lled *r su3er-isedby a+y rei+er, i.3*rter, *yge+ate ble+der, /arrier, distribut*r,reseller, retailer, *r 2*lesale 3ur/2aser(/*+su.er is *u+d i+-i*lati*+ * t2e 3r*2ibiti*+s des/ribed i+ 'e/0 &%0)&a;, t2e *ll*i+g



3ers*+s s2all be dee.ed i+ -i*lati*+:

1; Ea/2 rei+er, i.3*rter, *yge+ate ble+der, /arrier,distribut*r, reseller, retailer, *r 2*lesale 3ur/2aser(/*+su.er 2**+s, leases, *3erates, /*+tr*ls *r su3er-ises t2e a/ility 2ere t2e

-i*lati*+ is *u+d

@; Ea/2 rei+er *r i.3*rter 2*se /*r3*rate, trade, *r bra+d +a.e,*r 2*se .areti+g subsidiary?s /*r3*rate, trade, *r bra+d +a.e,a33ears at t2e a/ility 2ere t2e -i*lati*+ is *u+d C; Ea/2 rei+er, i.3*rter, *yge+ate ble+der, distribut*r, a+dreseller 2* .a+ua/tured, i.3*rted, s*ld, *ered *r sale, dis3e+sed,su33lied, *ered *r su33ly, st*red, tra+s3*rted, *r /aused t2etra+s3*rtati*+ * a+y gas*li+e 2i/2 is i+ t2e st*rage ta+ /*+tai+i+ggas*li+e *u+d t* be i+ -i*lati*+ a+d 4; Ea/2 /arrier 2* dis3e+sed, su33lied, st*red, *r tra+s3*rteda+y gas*li+e 2i/2 is i+ t2e st*rage ta+ /*+tai+i+g gas*li+e *u+d t*be i+ -i*lati*+, 3r*-ided t2at E!A de.*+strates, by reas*+ably s3e/ii/s2*i+gs by dire/t *r /ir/u.sta+tial e-ide+/e, t2at t2e /arrier /ausedt2e -i*lati*+0

b; 8ee+ses *r 3r*2ibited a/ti-ities0 1; I+ a+y /ase i+ 2i/2 arei+er, i.3*rter, *yge+ate ble+der, /arrier, distribut*r, reseller,retailer, *r 2*lesale 3ur/2aser(/*+su.er *uld be i+ -i*lati*+ u+der3aragra32 a; * t2is se/ti*+, it s2all be dee.ed +*t i+ -i*lati*+ iit /a+ de.*+strate:

i; T2at t2e -i*lati*+ as +*t /aused by t2e regulated 3arty *r itse.3l*yee *r age+t

ii; T2at 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts a//*u+t *r all * t2egas*li+e i+ t2e st*rage ta+ *u+d i+ -i*lati*+ a+d i+di/ate t2at t2egas*li+e .et rele-a+t re5uire.e+ts a+d iii;A; T2at it 2as /*+du/ted a 5uality assura+/e sa.3li+g a+dtesti+g 3r*gra., as des/ribed i+ 3aragra32 /; * t2is se/ti*+ e/e3tt2at

; A /arrier .ay rely *+ t2e 5uality assura+/e 3r*gra. /arried *utby a+*t2er 3arty, i+/ludi+g t2e 3arty t2at *+s t2e gas*li+e i+5uesti*+, 3r*-ided t2at t2e 5uality assura+/e 3r*gra. is /arried *ut3r*3erly0

@;i; B2ere a -i*lati*+ is *u+d at a a/ility 2i/2 is *3erati+gu+der t2e /*r3*rate, trade *r bra+d +a.e * a rei+er, t2at rei+er.ust s2*, i+ additi*+ t* t2e dee+se ele.e+ts re5uired by 3aragra32b;1; * t2is se/ti*+, t2at t2e -i*lati*+ as /aused by: A; A+ a/t i+ -i*lati*+ * la *t2er t2a+ t2e A/t *r t2is 3art;,



*r a+ a/t * sab*tage *r -a+dalis.

; T2e a/ti*+ * a+y reseller, distribut*r, *yge+ate ble+der,/arrier, *r a retailer *r 2*lesale 3ur/2aser( /*+su.er su33lied by a+y* t2ese 3ers*+s, i+ -i*lati*+ * a /*+tra/tual u+dertai+g i.3*sed by

t2e rei+er desig+ed t* 3re-e+t su/2 a/ti*+, a+d des3ite 3eri*di/sa.3li+g a+d testi+g by t2e rei+er t* e+sure /*.3lia+/e it2 su/2/*+tra/tual *bligati*+ *r

"; T2e a/ti*+ * a+y /arrier *r *t2er distribut*r +*t sube/t t* a/*+tra/t it2 t2e rei+er but e+gaged by t2e rei+er *r tra+s3*rtati*+* gas*li+e, des3ite s3e/ii/ati*+ *r i+s3e/ti*+ * 3r*/edures a+de5ui3.e+t by t2e rei+er 2i/2 are reas*+ably /al/ulated t* 3re-e+tsu/2 a/ti*+0

ii; I+ t2is 3aragra32 b;, t* s2* t2at t2e -i*lati*+ >>as/aused?? by a+y * t2e s3e/iied a/ti*+s t2e 3arty .ust de.*+strate byreas*+ably s3e/ii/ s2*i+gs, by dire/t *r /ir/u.sta+tial e-ide+/e,t2at t2e -i*lati*+ as /aused *r .ust 2a-e bee+ /aused by a+*t2er0 /; uality assura+/e 3r*gra.0 I+ *rder t* de.*+strate a+a//e3table 5uality assura+/e 3r*gra. *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e at all3*i+ts i+ t2e gas*li+e distributi*+ +et*r, *t2er t2a+ at retail*utlets a+d 2*lesale 3ur/2aser(/*+su.er a/ilities, a 3arty .ust3rese+t e-ide+/e:

1; O a 3eri*di/ sa.3li+g a+d testi+g 3r*gra. t* deter.i+e i t2ea33li/able .ai.u. a+dL*r .i+i.u. sta+dards *r *yge+, be+7e+e, RV!,*r VO" *r NOJINFK e.issi*+ 3er*r.a+/e are .et a+d @; T2at *+ ea/2 *//asi*+ 2e+ gas*li+e is *u+d i+ +*+/*.3lia+/eit2 *+e * t2e re5uire.e+ts reerred t* i+ 3aragra32 /;1; * t2isse/ti*+:

i; T2e 3arty i..ediately /eases selli+g, *eri+g *r sale,dis3e+si+g, su33lyi+g, *eri+g *r su33ly, st*ri+g, tra+s3*rti+g, *r/ausi+g t2e tra+s3*rtati*+ * t2e -i*lati+g 3r*du/t a+d ii; T2e 3arty 3r*.3tly re.edies t2e -i*lati*+ su/2 as by re.*-i+gt2e -i*lati+g 3r*du/t *r addi+g .*re /*.3lyi+g 3r*du/t u+til t2ea33li/able sta+dards are a/2ie-ed;0

'e/0 &%0&% !e+alties0

a; A+y 3ers*+ t2at -i*lates a+y re5uire.e+t *r 3r*2ibiti*+ *sub3art 8, E, *r F * t2is 3art s2all be liable t* t2e +ited 'tates*r a /i-il 3e+alty * +*t .*re t2a+ t2e su. * @=,%%% *r e-ery day* ea/2 su/2 -i*lati*+ a+d t2e a.*u+t * e/*+*.i/ be+eit *r sa-i+gsresulti+g r*. ea/2 su/2 -i*lati*+0



b; A+y -i*lati*+ * a sta+dard *r a-erage /*.3lia+/e duri+g a+ya-eragi+g 3eri*d, *r *r 3er(gall*+ /*.3lia+/e *r a+y bat/2 *gas*li+e, s2all /*+stitute a se3arate -i*lati*+ *r ea/2 a+d e-erysta+dard t2at is -i*lated0

/; A+y -i*lati*+ * a+y sta+dard based u3*+ a .ulti(day a-eragi+g3eri*d s2all /*+stitute a se3arate day * -i*lati*+ *r ea/2 a+d e-eryday i+ t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d0 A+y -i*lati*+ * a+y /redit /reati*+ *r/redit tra+ser re5uire.e+t s2all /*+stitute a se3arate day *-i*lati*+ *r ea/2 a+d e-ery day i+ t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d0 d;1;i; A+y -i*lati*+ * a+y 3er( gall*+ sta+dard *r * a+y 3ergall*+.i+i.u. *r 3er(gall*+ .ai.u., *t2er t2a+ t2e sta+dardss3e/iied i+ 3aragra32 e; * t2is se/ti*+, s2all /*+stitute a se3arateday * -i*lati*+ *r ea/2 a+d e-ery day su/2 gas*li+e gi-i+g rise t*su/2 -i*lati*+s re.ai+s a+y 3la/e i+ t2e gas*li+e distributi*+ syste.,begi++i+g *+ t2e day t2at t2e gas*li+e t2at -i*lates su/2 3er(gall*+sta+dard is 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted a+d distributed a+dL*r *ered *rsale, a+d e+di+g *+ t2e last day t2at a+y su/2 gas*li+e is *ered *rsale *r is dis3e+sed t* a+y ulti.ate /*+su.er *r use i+ a+y .*t*r-e2i/le u+less

ii; T2e -i*lati*+ is /*rre/ted by alteri+g t2e 3r*3erties a+d/2ara/teristi/s * t2e gas*li+e gi-i+g rise t* t2e -i*lati*+s a+d a+y.iture * gas*li+es t2at /*+tai+s a+y * t2e gas*li+e gi-i+g rise t*t2e -i*lati*+s su/2 t2at t2e said gas*li+e *r .iture * gas*li+es 2ast2e 3r*3erties a+d /2ara/teristi/s t2at *uld 2a-e eisted i t2egas*li+e gi-i+g rise t* t2e -i*lati*+s 2ad bee+ 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted i+/*.3lia+/e it2 all 3er(gall*+ sta+dards0 @; F*r t2e 3ur3*ses * t2is 3aragra32 d;, t2e le+gt2 * ti.e t2egas*li+e i+ 5uesti*+ re.ai+ed i+ t2e gas*li+e distributi*+ syste. s2allbe dee.ed t* be te+ty(i-e days u+less t2e res3e/ti-e 3arty *r E!Ade.*+strates by reas*+ably s3e/ii/ s2*i+gs, by dire/t *r/ir/u.sta+tial e-ide+/e, t2at t2e gas*li+e gi-i+g rise t* t2e-i*lati*+s re.ai+ed a+y 3la/e i+ t2e gas*li+e distributi*+ syste. *reer t2a+ *r .*re t2a+ te+ty(i-e days0 e;1; A+y re*r.ulated gas*li+e t2at is 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted a+d*ered *r sale a+d *r 2i/2 t2e re5uire.e+ts t* deter.i+e t2e3r*3erties a+d /2ara/teristi/s u+der 'e/0 &%06=; is +*t .et, *r a+y/*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e *r 2i/2 t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter d*es +*t sa.3lea+d test t* deter.i+e t2e rele-a+t 3r*3erties, s2all be dee.ed: i;A; E/e3t as 3r*-ided i+ 3aragra32 e;1;i;; * t2is se/ti*+t* 2a-e t2e *ll*i+g 3r*3erties:

'ulur /*+te+t((9)% 33.

e+7e+e /*+te+t((= -*l



RV! su..er;((11 3si

=% distillati*+((@=% deg0F

9% distillati*+((C)= deg0F

Oyge+ /*+te+t((% t

Ar*.ati/s /*+te+t((=% -*l

Olei+s /*+te+t((@6 -*l

; T* 2a-e t2e *ll*i+g 3r*3erties i+ 3aragra32 e;1;i;A; *t2is se/ti*+ u+less t2e res3e/ti-e 3arty *r E!A de.*+strates byreas*+ably s3e/ii/ s2*i+gs, by dire/t *r /ir/u.sta+tial e-ide+/e,diere+t 3r*3erties *r t2e gas*li+e gi-i+g rise t* t2e -i*lati*+sa+d

ii; I+ t2e /ase * re*r.ulated gas*li+e, t* 2a-e bee+ desig+atedas .eeti+g all a33li/able sta+dards *+ a 3er(gall*+ basis0 @; F*r t2e 3ur3*ses * 3aragra32 e;1; * t2is se/ti*+, a+yrei+er *r i.3*rter t2at ails t* .eet t2e i+de3e+de+t a+alysisre5uire.e+ts * 'e/0 &%06=; .ay +*t use t2e results * sa.3li+g a+dtesti+g t2at is /arried *ut by t2at rei+er *r i.3*rter as dire/t *r/ir/u.sta+tial e-ide+/e * t2e 3r*3erties * t2e gas*li+e gi-i+g riset* t2e -i*lati*+s, u+less t2is ailure as +*t /aused by t2e rei+er *ri.3*rter0

; A+y -i*lati*+ * a+y air.ati-e re5uire.e+t *r 3r*2ibiti*+ +*ti+/luded i+ 3aragra32 /; *r d; * t2is se/ti*+ s2all /*+stitute ase3arate day * -i*lati*+ *r ea/2 a+d e-ery day su/2 air.ati-ere5uire.e+t is +*t 3r*3erly a//*.3lis2ed, a+dL*r *r ea/2 a+d e-ery dayt2e 3r*2ibited a/ti-ity /*+ti+ues0 F*r t2*se -i*lati*+s t2at .ay be*+g*i+g u+der sub3arts 8, E, a+d F * t2is 3art, ea/2 a+d e-ery day t2e3r*2ibited a/ti-ity /*+ti+ues s2all /*+stitute a se3arate day *-i*lati*+0

'e/0 &%0&1 E+*r/e.e+t ee.3ti*+s *r "ali*r+ia gas*li+e0

a;1; T2e re5uire.e+ts * sub3arts 8, E, a+d F * t2is 3art are.*diied i+ a//*rda+/e it2 t2e 3r*-isi*+s /*+tai+ed i+ t2is se/ti*+ i+t2e /ase * "ali*r+ia gas*li+e0

@; F*r t2e 3ur3*ses * t2is se/ti*+, >>"ali*r+ia gas*li+e?? .ea+sa+y gas*li+e t2at is s*ld, i+te+ded *r sale, *r .ade a-ailable *r



sale as a .*t*r -e2i/le uel i+ t2e 'tate * "ali*r+ia a+d t2at: i; Is .a+ua/tured it2i+ t2e 'tate * "ali*r+ia ii; Is i.3*rted i+t* t2e 'tate * "ali*r+ia r*. *utside t2e+ited 'tates *r

iii; Is i.3*rted i+t* t2e 'tate * "ali*r+ia r*. i+side t2e+ited 'tates a+d t2at is .a+ua/tured at a rei+ery t2at d*es +*t3r*du/e re*r.ulated gas*li+e0

b;1; A+y rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der * gas*li+e t2atis s*ld, i+te+ded *r sale, *r .ade a-ailable *r sale as a .*t*r ueli+ t2e 'tate * "ali*r+ia is, it2 regard t* su/2 gas*li+e, ee.3tr*. t2e /*.3lia+/e sur-ey 3r*-isi*+s /*+tai+ed i+ 'e/0 &%06&0 @; A+y rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der * "ali*r+iagas*li+e is, it2 regard t* su/2 gas*li+e, ee.3t r*. t2e i+de3e+de+ta+alysis re5uire.e+ts /*+tai+ed i+ 'e/0 &%06=;0 C; A+y rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der * "ali*r+iagas*li+e t2at ele/ts t* .eet a+y be+7e+e /*+te+t, *yge+ /*+te+t, *rt*i/s e.issi*+ redu/ti*+ sta+dard s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%041 *+ a-erage*r a+y a-eragi+g 3eri*d s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%06) t2at is i+ 3art be*reMar/2 1, 1996, a+d i+ 3art subse5ue+t t* su/2 date, s2all, it2 regardt* su/2 gas*li+e t2at is 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted 3ri*r t* su/2 date,de.*+strate /*.3lia+/e it2 ea/2 * t2e sta+dards s3e/iied i+'e/0 &%041 *r ea/2 * t2e *ll*i+g a-eragi+g 3eri*ds i+ lieu * t2*ses3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%06):

i; <a+uary 1 t2r*ug2 8e/e.ber C1, 199= a+d ii; Mar/2 1, 199=, t2r*ug2 February @9, 19960 4; T2e /*.3lia+/e de.*+strati*+ re5uired by 3aragra32 b;C;ii;* t2is se/ti*+ s2all be sub.itted +* later t2a+ May C1, 1996, al*+git2 re3*rts re5uired t* be sub.itted u+der 'e/0 &%0)=a;1;0 /; A+y rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der * "ali*r+iagas*li+e t2at is .a+ua/tured *r i.3*rted subse5ue+t t* Mar/2 1, 1996,a+d t2at .eets t2e re5uire.e+ts * t2e "ali*r+ia !2ase @ re*r.ulatedgas*li+e regulati*+s, as set *rt2 i+ Title 1C, "ali*r+ia "*de *Regulati*+s, se/ti*+s @@6% et se50, is, it2 regard t* su/2 gas*li+e,ee.3t r*. t2e *ll*i+g re5uire.e+ts i+ additi*+ t* t2e re5uire.e+tss3e/iied i+ 3aragra32 b; * t2is se/ti*+;: 1; T2e 3ara.eter -alue re/*+/iliati*+ re5uire.e+ts /*+tai+ed i+'e/0 &%06=e;@;

@; T2e desig+ati*+ * gas*li+e re5uire.e+ts /*+tai+ed i+'e/0 &%06=d;

C; T2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e a+d RO /*.3lia+/e re5uire.e+ts/*+tai+ed i+ 'e/0 &%06=/;



4; T2e .ari+g * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e re5uire.e+ts /*+tai+ed i+'e/s0 &%06=g; a+d &%0&@

=; T2e a++ual /*.3lia+/e audit re5uire.e+ts /*+tai+ed i+'e/0 &%06=2;

6; T2e d*+strea. *yge+ate ble+di+g re5uire.e+ts /*+tai+ed i+'e/0 &%069

); T2e re/*rd ee3i+g re5uire.e+ts /*+tai+ed i+ 'e/s0 &%0)4 a+d&%01%4, e/e3t t2at re/*rds re5uired t* be .ai+tai+ed u+der Title 1C,"ali*r+ia "*de * Regulati*+s, se/ti*+ @@)%, s2all be .ai+tai+ed *r a3eri*d * i-e years r*. t2e date * /reati*+ a+d s2all be deli-eredt* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r *r t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r?s aut2*ri7edre3rese+tati-e u3*+ re5uest

&; T2e re3*rti+g re5uire.e+ts /*+tai+ed i+ 'e/s0 &%0)= a+d &%01%= 9; T2e 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+tati*+ re5uire.e+ts /*+tai+ed i+'e/0 &%0)) a+d

1%; T2e /*.3lia+/e attest e+gage.e+t re5uire.e+ts /*+tai+ed i+sub3art F * t2is 3art0

d; A+y rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der t2at 3r*du/es *ri.3*rts gas*li+e t2at is s*ld, i+te+ded *r sale, *r .ade a-ailable *rsale as a .*t*r -e2i/le uel i+ t2e 'tate * "ali*r+ia subse5ue+t t*Mar/2 1, 1996, s2all de.*+strate /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e sta+dardss3e/iied i+ 'e/s0 &%041 a+d &%09% by e/ludi+g t2e -*lu.e a+d3r*3erties * su/2 gas*li+e r*. all /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e a+dre*r.ulated gas*li+e t2at it 3r*du/es *r i.3*rts t2at is +*t s*ld,i+te+ded *r sale, *r .ade a-ailable *r sale as a .*t*r -e2i/le ueli+ t2e 'tate * "ali*r+ia subse5ue+t t* su/2 date0 T2e ee.3ti*+3r*-ided i+ t2is se/ti*+ d*es +*t ee.3t a+y rei+er *r i.3*rter r*.de.*+strati+g /*.3lia+/e it2 su/2 sta+dards *r all gas*li+e t2at it3r*du/es *r i.3*rts0

e;1; T2e ee.3ti*+ 3r*-isi*+s /*+tai+ed i+ 3aragra32s b;@;,b;C;, a+d /; * t2is se/ti*+ s2all +*t a33ly u+der t2e /ir/u.sta+/esset *rt2 i+ 3aragra32s e;@; a+d e;C; * t2is se/ti*+0 @;i; 'u/2 ee.3ti*+ 3r*-isi*+s s2all +*t a33ly t* a+y rei+er,i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der * "ali*r+ia gas*li+e i a+y gas*li+e*r.ulati*+ t2at it 3r*du/es *r i.3*rts is /ertiied u+der Title 1C,"ali*r+ia "*de * Regulati*+s, se/ti*+ @@6= *r se/ti*+ @@66, u+lesssu/2 rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der it2i+ C% days * t2eissua+/e * su/2 /ertii/ati*+:

A; N*tiies t2e Ad.i+istrat*r * su/2 /ertii/ati*+



; 'ub.its t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r /*3ies * t2e a33li/able/ertii/ati*+ *rder issued by t2e 'tate * "ali*r+ia a+d * t2ea33li/ati*+ *r /ertii/ati*+ sub.itted by t2e regulated 3arty t* t2e'tate * "ali*r+ia a+d

"; 'ub.its t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r a ritte+ de.*+strati*+ t2at t2e/ertiied gas*li+e *r.ulati*+ .eets ea/2 * t2e /*.3le .*del 3ergall*+sta+dards s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%041/;0

ii; I t2e Ad.i+istrat*r deter.i+es t2at t2e ritte+ de.*+strati*+sub.itted u+der 3aragra32 e;@;i;"; * t2is se/ti*+ d*es +*tde.*+strate t2at t2e /ertiied gas*li+e *r.ulati*+ .eets ea/2 * t2e/*.3le .*del 3er(gall*+ sta+dards s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%041/;, t2e

Ad.i+istrat*r s2all 3r*-ide +*ti/e t* t2e 3arty by irst /lass .ail;* su/2 deter.i+ati*+ a+d * t2e date *+ 2i/2 t2e ee.3ti*+ 3r*-isi*+ss3e/iied i+ 3aragra32 e;1; * t2is se/ti*+ s2all +* l*+ger bea33li/able, 2i/2 date s2all be +* earlier t2a+ 9% days ater t2e date* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r?s +*tii/ati*+0

C;i; 'u/2 ee.3ti*+ 3r*-isi*+s s2all +*t a33ly t* a+y rei+er,i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der * "ali*r+ia gas*li+e 2* 2as bee+assessed a /i-il, /ri.i+al *r ad.i+istrati-e 3e+alty *r a -i*lati*+ *sub3art 8, E *r F * t2is 3art *r *r a -i*lati*+ * t2e "ali*r+ia!2ase @ re*r.ulated gas*li+e regulati*+s set *rt2 i+ Title 1C,"ali*r+ia "*de * Regulati*+s, se/ti*+s @@6% et se50, ee/ti-e 9%days ater t2e date * i+al age+/y *r distri/t /*urt adudi/ati*+ *su/2 3e+alty assess.e+t0

ii; A+y rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der sube/t t* t2e3r*-isi*+s * 3aragra32 e;C;i; * t2is se/ti*+ .ay sub.it a 3etiti*+t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r *r relie, i+ 2*le *r i+ 3art, r*. t2ea33li/ability * su/2 3r*-isi*+s, *r g**d /ause0 #**d /ause .ayi+/lude a s2*i+g t2at t2e -i*lati*+ *r 2i/2 a 3e+alty as assessedas +*t a substa+tial -i*lati*+ * t2e ederal *r "ali*r+iare*r.ulated gas*li+e regulati*+s0

; I+ t2e /ase * a+y gas*li+e t2at is s*ld, i+te+ded *r sale, *r.ade a-ailable *r sale as a .*t*r -e2i/le uel i+ t2e 'tate *"ali*r+ia subse5ue+t t* Mar/2 1, 1996, a+y 3ers*+ t2at .a+ua/tures,sells, *ers *r sale, dis3e+ses, su33lies, *ers *r su33ly, st*res,tra+s3*rts, *r /auses t2e tra+s3*rtati*+ * su/2 gas*li+e is, it2regard t* su/2 gas*li+e, ee.3t r*. t2e *ll*i+g 3r*2ibiteda/ti-ities 3r*-isi*+s:

1; T2e *yge+ated uels 3r*-isi*+s /*+tai+ed i+'e/0 &%0)&a;1;iii;



@; T2e 3r*du/t tra+ser 3r*-isi*+s /*+tai+ed i+'e/0 &%0)&a;1;i-;

C; T2e *yge+ate ble+di+g 3r*-isi*+s /*+tai+ed i+'e/0 &%0)&a;); a+d

4; T2e segregati*+ * si.3le a+d /*.3le .*del /ertiied gas*li+e3r*-isi*+ /*+tai+ed i+ 'e/0 &%0)&a;9;0 g;1; A+y rei+er t2at *3erates a rei+ery l*/ated *utside t2e'tate * "ali*r+ia at 2i/2 "ali*r+ia gas*li+e as dei+ed i+3aragra32 a;@;iii; * t2is se/ti*+; is 3r*du/ed s2all, it2 regardt* su/2 gas*li+e, 3r*-ide t* a+y 3ers*+ t* 2*. /ust*dy *r title *su/2 gas*li+e is tra+serred, a+d ea/2 tra+seree s2all 3r*-ide t* a+ysubse5ue+t tra+seree, d*/u.e+ts 2i/2 i+/lude t2e *ll*i+gi+*r.ati*+:

i; T2e +a.e a+d address * t2e tra+ser*r ii; T2e +a.e a+d address * t2e tra+seree iii; T2e -*lu.e * gas*li+e 2i/2 is bei+g tra+serred i-; T2e l*/ati*+ * t2e gas*li+e at t2e ti.e * t2e tra+ser -; T2e date a+d ti.e * t2e tra+ser -i; T2e ide+tii/ati*+ * t2e gas*li+e as "ali*r+ia gas*li+e a+d -ii; I+ t2e /ase * tra+serr*rs a+d tra+serrees 2* arerei+ers, i.3*rters *r *yge+ate ble+ders, t2e E!A( assig+edregistrati*+ +u.ber * su/2 3ers*+s0

@; Ea/2 rei+er a+d tra+seree * su/2 gas*li+e s2all .ai+tai+/*3ies * t2e 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts re5uired t* be 3r*-ided by3aragra32 g;1; * t2is se/ti*+ *r a 3eri*d * i-e years r*. t2edate * /reati*+ a+d s2all deli-er su/2 d*/u.e+ts t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r*r t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r?s aut2*ri7ed re3rese+tati-e u3*+ re5uest0 2; F*r 3ur3*ses * t2e bat/2 sa.3li+g a+d a+alysis re5uire.e+ts/*+tai+ed i+ 'e/0 &%06=e;1;, a+y rei+er, i.3*rter *r *yge+ateble+der * "ali*r+ia gas*li+e .ay use a sa.3li+g a+dL*r a+alysis.et2*d*l*gy 3res/ribed i+ Title 1C, "ali*r+ia "*de * Regulati*+s,se/ti*+s @@6% et se50, i+ lieu * a+y a33li/able .et2*d*l*gy s3e/iiedi+ 'e/0 &%0660

i; T2e ee.3ti*+ 3r*-isi*+s /*+tai+ed i+ t2is se/ti*+ s2all +*t bea33li/able ater 8e/e.ber C1, 19990

'e/0 &%0&@ "*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e .arer [Reser-ed]

'e/s0 &%0&C(&%0&9 [Reser-ed]



'ub3art E((A+ti(8u.3i+g

'e/0 &%09% "*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e baseli+e e.issi*+s deter.i+ati*+0

a; A++ual a-erage baseli+e -alues0 F*r a+y a/ility * a rei+er*r i.3*rter * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e, t2e a++ual a-erage baseli+e-alues * t2e a/ility?s e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s, e2aust t*i/se.issi*+s, NOJINFK e.issi*+s, sulur, *lei+s a+d T9% s2all bedeter.i+ed usi+g t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+:

J#RA!DI"KJTIF1@KTR16FE940%1@

2ere

A'EINEa++ual a-erage baseli+e -alue * t2e a/ility,'MRA'Esu..er baseli+e -alue * t2e a/ility,'MRVOsu..er baseli+e gas*li+e -*lu.e * t2e a/ility, 3er'e/0 &%091,

BNTRA'Ei+ter baseli+e -alue * t2e a/ility,BNTRVOi+ter baseli+e gas*li+e -*lu.e * t2e a/ility, 3er'e/0 &%0910

b; aseli+e e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s((si.3le .*del0 1; 'i.3le.*del e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e s2all bedeter.i+ed usi+g t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+:

EDEN10&&4Q%0949 Q%011C AR(H;;2ere

EDENe2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s,

Huel be+7e+e -alue i+ ter.s * -*lu.e 3er/e+t 3er 'e/0 &%091;, a+d ARuel ar*.ati/s -alue i+ ter.s * -*lu.e 3er/e+t 3er 'e/0 &%091;0

@; T2e si.3le .*del a++ual a-erage baseli+e e2aust be+7e+ee.issi*+s *r a+y a/ility * a rei+er *r i.3*rter * /*+-e+ti*+algas*li+e s2all be deter.i+ed as *ll*s: i; T2e si.3le .*del baseli+e e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s s2all bedeter.i+ed se3arately *r su..er a+d i+ter usi+g t2e a/ility?s*yge+ated i+di-idual baseli+e uel 3ara.eter -alues *r su..er a+di+ter 3er 'e/0 &%091;, res3e/ti-ely, i+ t2e e5uati*+ s3e/iied i+3aragra32 b;1; * t2is se/ti*+0

ii; T2e si.3le .*del a++ual a-erage baseli+e e2aust be+7e+ee.issi*+s * t2e a/ility s2all be deter.i+ed usi+g t2e e.issi*+s



-alues deter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 b;@;i; * t2is se/ti*+ i+ t2ee5uati*+ s3e/iied i+ 3aragra32 a; * t2is se/ti*+0 /; aseli+e e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s((/*.3le .*del0 T2e /*.3le.*del a++ual a-erage baseli+e e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s *r a+ya/ility * a rei+er *r i.3*rter * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e s2all be

deter.i+ed as *ll*s:

1; T2e su..er a+d i+ter /*.3le .*del baseli+e e2aust be+7e+ee.issi*+s s2all be deter.i+ed se3arately usi+g t2e a/ility?s*yge+ated i+di-idual baseli+e uel 3ara.eter -alues *r su..er a+di+ter 3er 'e/0 &%091;, res3e/ti-ely, i+ t2e a33r*3riate /*.3le .*del*r e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s des/ribed i+ 'e/0 &%04=0 @; T2e /*.3le .*del a++ual a-erage baseli+e e2aust be+7e+ee.issi*+s * t2e a/ility s2all be deter.i+ed usi+g t2e e.issi*+s-alues deter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 /;1; * t2is se/ti*+ i+ t2e e5uati*+s3e/iied i+ 3aragra32 a; * t2is se/ti*+0 d; aseli+e e2aust t*i/s e.issi*+s0 T2e a++ual a-erage baseli+ee2aust t*i/s e.issi*+s *r a+y a/ility * a rei+er *r i.3*rter */*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e s2all be deter.i+ed as *ll*s: 1; T2e su..er a+d i+ter baseli+e e2aust e.issi*+s * be+7e+e,*r.alde2yde, a/etalde2yde, 1,C(butadie+e, a+d 3*ly/y/li/ *rga+i/.atter s2all be deter.i+ed usi+g t2e *yge+ated i+di-idual baseli+euel 3ara.eter -alues *r su..er a+d i+ter 3er 'e/0 &%091;,res3e/ti-ely, i+ t2e a33r*3riate /*.3le .*del *r ea/2 e2aust t*i/3er 'e/0 &%04=;0

@; T2e su..er a+d i+ter baseli+e t*tal e2aust t*i/s e.issi*+ss2all be deter.i+ed se3arately by su..i+g t2e su..er a+d i+terbaseli+e e2aust e.issi*+s * ea/2 t*i/ 3er 3aragra32 d;1; * t2isse/ti*+;, res3e/ti-ely0

C; T2e a++ual a-erage baseli+e e2aust t*i/s e.issi*+s * t2ea/ility s2all be deter.i+ed usi+g t2e e.issi*+s -alues deter.i+ed i+3aragra32 d;@; * t2is se/ti*+ i+ t2e e5uati*+ s3e/iied i+ 3aragra32a; * t2is se/ti*+0

e; aseli+e NOJINFK e.issi*+s0 T2e a++ual a-erage baseli+eNOJINFK e.issi*+s *r a+y a/ility * a rei+er *r i.3*rter */*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e s2all be deter.i+ed as *ll*s: 1; T2e su..er a+d i+ter baseli+e NOJINFK e.issi*+s s2all bedeter.i+ed usi+g t2e baseli+e i+di-idual baseli+e uel 3ara.eter -alues*r su..er a+d i+ter 3er 'e/0 &%091;, res3e/ti-ely, i+ t2ea33r*3riate /*.3le .*del *r NOJINFK 3er 'e/0 &%04=;0 @; T2e a++ual a-erage baseli+e NOJINFK e.issi*+s * t2e a/ilitys2all be deter.i+ed usi+g t2e e.issi*+s -alues deter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32e;@; * t2is se/ti*+ i+ t2e e5uati*+ s3e/iied i+ 3aragra32 a; *t2is se/ti*+0



C; T2e re5uire.e+ts s3e/iied i+ 3aragra32s e; 1; a+d @; *t2is se/ti*+ s2all be deter.i+ed se3arately usi+g t2e *yge+ated a+d+*+*yge+ated i+di-idual baseli+e uel 3ara.eters, 3er 'e/0 &%0910 ; A33li/ability * !2ase I a+d !2ase II .*dels0 T2e re5uire.e+ts

* 3aragra32s d; a+d e; * t2is se/ti*+ s2all be deter.i+edse3arately *r t2e a33li/able !2ase I a+d !2ase II /*.3le .*delss3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%04=0

g; "al/ulati*+ a//ura/y0 E.issi*+s -alues /al/ulated 3er t2ere5uire.e+ts * t2is se/ti*+ s2all be deter.i+ed t* *ur 4;sig+ii/a+t igures0 'ulur, *lei+ a+d T9% -alues /al/ulated 3er t2ere5uire.e+ts * t2is se/ti*+ s2all be deter.i+ed t* t2e sa.e +u.ber *de/i.al 3la/es as t2e /*rres3*+di+g -alue listed i+ 'e/0 &%091/;=;0

'e/0 &%091 I+di-idual baseli+e deter.i+ati*+0

a; aseli+e dei+iti*+0 1; T2e >>baseli+e?? *r >>i+di-idualbaseli+e?? * a rei+ery, rei+er *r i.3*rter, as a33li/able, s2all/*+sist *:

i; A+ esti.ate * t2e 5uality, /*.3*siti*+ a+d -*lu.e * its 199%gas*li+e, *r all*able substitute, based *+ t2e re5uire.e+ts s3e/iiedi+ 'e/s0 &%091 t2r*ug2 &%09C a+d

ii; Its baseli+e e.issi*+s -alues /al/ulated 3er 3aragra32 ; *t2is se/ti*+ a+d

iii; Its 199%(199C ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati*s /al/ulated 3er'e/0 &%01%@0

@;i; T2e 5uality a+d /*.3*siti*+ * t2e 199% gas*li+e * arei+ery, rei+er *r i.3*rter, as a33li/able, s2all be t2e set *-alues * t2e *ll*i+g uel 3ara.eters: be+7e+e /*+te+t ar*.ati//*+te+t *lei+ /*+te+t sulur /*+te+t distillati*+ te.3erature at =%a+d 9% 3er/e+t by -*lu.e e-a3*rated 3er/e+t e-a3*rated at @%% deg0Fa+d C%% deg0F *yge+ /*+te+t RV!0

ii; A rei+er, 3er 3aragra32 b;C;i; * t2is se/ti*+, s2all als*deter.i+e t2e A!I gra-ity * its 199% gas*li+e0 C; T2e .et2*d*l*gy *utli+ed i+ t2is se/ti*+ s2all be *ll*ed i+deter.i+i+g a baseli+e -alue *r ea/2 uel 3ara.eter listed i+3aragra32 a;@; * t2is se/ti*+0

b; Re5uire.e+ts *r rei+ers, ble+ders a+d i.3*rters((1;Re5uire.e+ts *r 3r*du/ers * gas*li+e a+d gas*li+e ble+dst*/s0 i; A



rei+ery e+gaged i+ t2e 3r*du/ti*+ * gas*li+e ble+dst*/s r*. /rude*il a+dL*r /rude *il deri-ati-es, a+d t2e subse5ue+t .ii+g * t2*seble+dst*/s t* *r. gas*li+e, s2all 2a-e its baseli+e uel 3ara.eter-alues deter.i+ed r*. Met2*d 1, @ a+dL*r C(ty3e data as des/ribed i+3aragra32 /; * t2is se/ti*+, 3r*-ided t2e rei+ery as i+ *3erati*+

*r at least 6 .*+t2s i+ 199%0

ii; A rei+ery 2i/2 as i+ *3erati*+ *r at least 6 .*+t2s i+199%, as s2ut d*+ ater 199%, a+d 2i/2 restarts ater <u+e 1=, 1994,a+d *r 2i/2 i+sui/ie+t 199% a+d 3*st(199% data as /*lle/ted 3ri*rt* <a+uary 1, 199= r*. 2i/2 t* deter.i+e a+ i+di-idual baseli+e,s2all 2a-e t2e -alues listed i+ 3aragra32 /;=; * t2is se/ti*+ as itsi+di-idual baseli+e 3ara.eters0

iii; A rei+ery 2i/2 as i+ *3erati*+ *r less t2a+ 6 .*+t2s i+199% s2all 2a-e t2e -alues listed i+ 3aragra32 /;=; * t2is se/ti*+as its i+di-idual baseli+e 3ara.eters0 @; Re5uire.e+ts *r 3r*du/ers *r i.3*rters * gas*li+e ble+dst*/s*+ly0 A rei+er *r i.3*rter * gas*li+e ble+dst*/s 2i/2 did +*t3r*du/e *r i.3*rt gas*li+e i+ 199% a+d 2i/2 3r*du/es *r i.3*rts 3*st(1994 gas*li+e s2all 2a-e t2e -alues listed i+ 3aragra32 /;=; * t2isse/ti*+ as its i+di-idual baseli+e 3ara.eters0 C; Re5uire.e+ts *r 3ur/2asers * gas*li+e a+dL*r gas*li+e

ble+dst*/s0 i; A rei+er *r rei+ery, as a33li/able, s*lely e+gagedi+ t2e 3r*du/ti*+ * gas*li+e r*. gas*li+e ble+dst*/s a+dL*r gas*li+e2i/2 are si.3ly 3ur/2ased a+d ble+ded t* *r. gas*li+e s2all 2a-e itsi+di-idual baseli+e deter.i+ed usi+g Met2*d 1(ty3e data 3er 3aragra32/; * t2is se/ti*+; r*. e-ery bat/2 * 199% gas*li+e0 ii; I Met2*d 1(ty3e data *+ e-ery bat/2 * t2e rei+er?s *rrei+ery?s 199% gas*li+e d*es +*t eist, t2at rei+er *r rei+ery s2all2a-e t2e -alues listed i+ 3aragra32 /;=; * t2is se/ti*+ as itsi+di-idual baseli+e 3ara.eters0

4; Re5uire.e+ts *r i.3*rters * gas*li+e a+dL*r gas*li+eble+dst*/s0 i; A+ i.3*rter * gas*li+e s2all deter.i+e a+ i+di-idualbaseli+e -alue *r ea/2 uel 3ara.eter listed i+ 3aragra32 a;@; *t2is se/ti*+ usi+g Met2*d 1(ty3e data *+ e-ery bat/2 * gas*li+ei.3*rted by t2at i.3*rter i+t* t2e +ited 'tates i+ 199%0 ii; A+ i.3*rter 2i/2 is als* a *reig+ rei+er .ust deter.i+e itsi+di-idual baseli+e usi+g Met2*d 1, @ a+dL*r C(ty3e data 3er 3aragra32/; * t2is se/ti*+; i it i.3*rted at least )= 3er/e+t, by -*lu.e, *t2e gas*li+e 3r*du/ed at its *reig+ rei+ery i+ 199% i+t* t2e +ited'tates i+ 199%0

iii; A+ i.3*rter 2i/2 /a++*t .eet t2e /riteria * 3aragra32sb;4;i; *r ii; * t2is se/ti*+ *r baseli+e deter.i+ati*+ s2all 2a-e



t2e 3ara.eter -alues listed i+ 3aragra32 /;=; * t2is se/ti*+ as itsi+di-idual baseli+e 3ara.eter -alues0

=; Re5uire.e+ts *r e3*rters * gas*li+e a+dL*r gas*li+eble+dst*/s0 A rei+er s2all +*t i+/lude 5uality *r -*lu.e data *+ its

199% e3*rts * gas*li+e ble+dst*/s *r gas*li+e i+ its baseli+edeter.i+ati*+0

/; 8ata ty3es((1; Met2*d 1(ty3e data0 i; Met2*d 1(ty3e data s2all /*+sist * 5uality /*.3*siti*+ a+d3r*3erty data; a+d -*lu.e re/*rds * gas*li+e 3r*du/ed i+ *r s2i33edr*. t2e rei+ery i+ 199%, e/ludi+g e3*rted gas*li+e0 T2e .easureduel 3ara.eter -alues a+d -*lu.es * bat/2es, *r s2i3.e+ts i +*t bat/2ble+ded, s2all be used e/e3t t2at data *+ 3r*du/ed gas*li+e 2i/2 asals* s2i33ed s2all be i+/luded *+ly *+/e0 ii; #as*li+e ble+dst*/ 2i/2 let a a/ility i+ 199% a+d 2i/2/*uld be/*.e gas*li+e s*lely u3*+ t2e additi*+ * *yge+ate s2all bei+/luded i+ t2e baseli+e deter.i+ati*+0 A; Fuel 3ara.eter -alues * su/2 ble+dst*/ s2all be a//*u+ted *ras i t2e gas*li+e ble+dst*/ ere ble+ded it2 te+ 1%0%; -*lu.e3er/e+t et2a+*l0

; I t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter /a+ 3r*-ide e-ide+/e t2at su/2gas*li+e ble+dst*/ as +*t ble+ded 3er 3aragra32 /;1;ii;A; * t2isse/ti*+, a+d t2at su/2 gas*li+e ble+dst*/ as ble+ded it2 a+*t2er*yge+ate *r a diere+t -*lu.e * et2a+*l, t2e uel 3ara.eter -alues* t2e i+al gas*li+e i+/ludi+g *yge+ate; s2all be i+/luded i+ t2ebaseli+e deter.i+ati*+0

"; I t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter /a+ 3r*-ide e-ide+/e t2at su/2gas*li+e ble+dst*/ as +*t ble+ded 3er 3aragra32 /;1;ii;A; *r ;* t2is se/ti*+, a+d t2at su/2 gas*li+e ble+dst*/ as s*ld it2 *uturt2er /2a+ges d*+strea., t2e uel 3ara.eter -alues * t2e *rigi+al3r*du/t s2all be i+/luded i+ t2e baseli+e deter.i+ati*+0 iii; 8ata *+ 199% gas*li+e 3ur/2ased *r *t2erise re/ei-ed,i+/ludi+g i+tra/*.3a+y tra+sers, s2all +*t be i+/luded i+ t2e baseli+edeter.i+ati*+ * a rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s a/ility i t2e gas*li+eeited t2e re/ei-i+g rei+ery u+/2a+ged r*. its arri-al state0 @; Met2*d @(ty3e data0 Met2*d @(ty3e data s2all /*+sist * 199%gas*li+e ble+dst*/ 5uality data a+d 199% ble+dst*/ 3r*du/ti*+re/*rds, s3e/ii/ally t2e .easured uel 3ara.eter -alues a+d -*lu.es *ble+dst*/ used i+ t2e 3r*du/ti*+ * gas*li+e it2i+ t2e rei+ery0le+dst*/ data s2all i+/lude -*lu.es 3ur/2ased *r *t2erise re/ei-ed,i+/ludi+g i+tra/*.3a+y tra+sers, i t2e -*lu.es ere ble+ded as 3art* t2e rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s 199% gas*li+e0 De+/e*rt2 i+ 'e/s0 &%091t2r*ug2 &%09C, >>ble+dst*/s;?? *r >>gas*li+e ble+dst*/s;?? s2alli+/lude t2*se 3r*du/ts *r strea.s /*..er/ially ble+ded t* *r.



gas*li+e0

C; Met2*d C(ty3e data0 i; Met2*d C(ty3e data s2all /*+sist *3*st(199% gas*li+e ble+dst*/ a+dL*r gas*li+e 5uality data a+d 199%ble+dst*/ a+d gas*li+e 3r*du/ti*+ re/*rds, s3e/ii/ally t2e .easured

uel 3ara.eter -alues a+d -*lu.es * ble+dst*/ used i+ t2e 3r*du/ti*+* gas*li+e it2i+ t2e rei+ery0 le+dst*/ data s2all i+/lude -*lu.es3ur/2ased *r *t2erise re/ei-ed, i+/ludi+g i+tra/*.3a+y tra+sers, it2e -*lu.es ere ble+ded as 3art * t2e rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s 199%gas*li+e0

ii; I+ *rder t* use Met2*d C(ty3e data, t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter.ust d* all * t2e *ll*i+g:

A; I+/lude a detailed dis/ussi*+ /*.3ari+g its 199% a+d 3*st(199%rei+ery *3erati*+s a+d all *t2er diere+/es 2i/2 *uld /ause t2e199% a+d 3*st(199% uel 3ara.eter -alues t* dier a+d ; !er*r. t2e a33r*3riate /al/ulati*+s s* as t* adust *r t2ediere+/es deter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 /;C;ii;A; * t2is se/ti*+ a+d "; I+/lude a +arrati-e, dis/ussi+g t2e .et2*d*l*gy a+d reas*+i+g*r t2e adust.e+ts .ade 3er 3aragra32 /;C;ii;; * t2is se/ti*+0 iii; I+ *rder t* use 3*st(199% gas*li+e data, eit2er * t2e*ll*i+g .ust be s2*+ *r ea/2 ble+dst*/(ty3e i+/luded i+ 199%gas*li+e, e/ludi+g buta+e:

A; T2e 3*st(199% -*lu.etri/ ra/ti*+ * a ble+dst*/ is it2i+ QL(;1%0% 3er/e+t * t2e -*lu.etri/ ra/ti*+ * t2at ble+dst*/ i+ 199%gas*li+e0 F*r ea.3le, i a 199% ble+dst*/ /*+stituted C% -*lu.e3er/e+t * 199% gas*li+e, t2is /riteri*+ *uld be .et i t2e 3*st(199%-*lu.etri/ ra/ti*+ * t2e ble+dst*/ i+ 3*st(199% gas*li+e as @)0%(CC0% -*lu.e 3er/e+t0

; T2e 3*st(199% -*lu.etri/ ra/ti*+ * a ble+dst*/ is it2i+ QL(;@0% -*lu.e 3er/e+t * t2e abs*lute -alue * t2e 199% -*lu.etri/ra/ti*+0 F*r ea.3le, i a 199% ble+dst*/ /*+stituted = -*lu.e3er/e+t * 199% gas*li+e, t2is /riteri*+ *uld be .et i t2e 3*st(199%-*lu.etri/ ra/ti*+ * t2e ble+dst*/ i+ 3*st(199% gas*li+e as C()-*lu.e 3er/e+t0

i-; I usi+g 3*st(199% gas*li+e data, 3*st(199% gas*li+eble+dst*/ 2i/2 let a a/ility a+d 2i/2 /*uld be/*.e gas*li+e s*lelyu3*+ t2e additi*+ * *yge+ate s2all be i+/luded i+ t2e baseli+edeter.i+ati*+, 3er t2e re5uire.e+ts s3e/iied i+ 3aragra32 /;1;ii;* t2is se/ti*+0

4; Dierar/2y * data use0 i; A rei+er *r i.3*rter .ust deter.i+ea baseli+e uel 3ara.eter -alue usi+g *+ly Met2*d 1(ty3e data i



sui/ie+t Met2*d 1(ty3e data is a-ailable, 3er 3aragra32 d;1;ii; *t2is se/ti*+0

ii; I a rei+er 2as i+sui/ie+t Met2*d 1(ty3e data *r abaseli+e 3ara.eter -alue deter.i+ati*+, it .ust su33le.e+t t2at data

it2 all a-ailable Met2*d @(ty3e data, u+til it 2as sui/ie+t data,3er 3aragra32 d;1;iii; * t2is se/ti*+0 iii; I a rei+er 2as i+sui/ie+t Met2*d 1( a+d Met2*d @(ty3edata *r a baseli+e 3ara.eter -alue deter.i+ati*+, it .ust su33le.e+tt2at data it2 all a-ailable Met2*d C(ty3e data, u+til it 2assui/ie+t data, 3er 3aragra32 d;1;iii; * t2is se/ti*+0 i-; T2e 3r*t*/*l *r t2e deter.i+ati*+ * baseli+e uel 3ara.eter-alues i+ 3aragra32s /;4;i; t2r*ug2 iii; * t2is se/ti*+ s2all bea33lied t* ea/2 uel 3ara.eter *+e at a ti.e0 =; A+ti(du.3i+g statut*ry baseli+e0 i; T2e su..er a+ti(du.3i+gstatut*ry baseli+e s2all 2a-e t2e set * uel 3ara.eter -alueside+tiied as >>su..er?? i+ 'e/0 &%04=b;@;0 T2e a+ti(du.3i+g su..er

A!I gra-ity s2all be =)04 deg0A!I0

ii; T2e i+ter a+ti(du.3i+g statut*ry baseli+e s2all 2a-e t2e set* uel 3ara.eter -alues ide+tiied as >>i+ter?? i+ 'e/0 &%04=b;@;,e/e3t t2at i+ter RV! s2all be &0) 3si0 T2e a+ti(du.3i+g i+ter A!Igra-ity s2all be 6%0@ A!I0

iii; T2e a++ual a-erage a+ti(du.3i+g statut*ry baseli+e s2all 2a-et2e *ll*i+g set * uel 3ara.eter -alues:

e+7e+e, -*lu.e 3er/e+t((106%

Ar*.ati/s, -*lu.e 3er/e+t((@&06

Olei+s, -*lu.e 3er/e+t((1%0&

RV!, 3si((&0)

T=%, degrees F((@%)

T9%, degrees F((CC@

E@%%, 3er/e+t((46

EC%%, 3er/e+t((&C

'ulur, 33.((CC&

A!I #ra-ity, deg0A!I((=901



d; 8ata /*lle/ti*+ a+d testi+g re5uire.e+ts((1; Mi+i.u. sa.3li+gre5uire.e+ts0((i; #e+eral re5uire.e+ts0 A; 8ata s2all 2a-e bee+*btai+ed *r at least t2ree .*+t2s * t2e rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s3r*du/ti*+ * su..er gas*li+e a+d at least t2ree .*+t2s * its3r*du/ti*+ * i+ter gas*li+e0

1; A su..er .*+t2 s2all be a+y .*+t2 duri+g 2i/2 t2e rei+er3r*du/ed a+y gas*li+e 2i/2 .et t2e ederal su..er gas*li+e -*latilityre5uire.e+ts0 Bi+ter s2all be a+y .*+t2 2i/2 /*uld +*t be /*+sidered asu..er .*+t20

@; T2e t2ree .*+t2s 2i/2 /*.3*se t2e su..er a+d t2e i+ter datad* +*t 2a-e t* be /*+se/uti-e +*r it2i+ t2e sa.e year0 C; I, i+ 199%, a rei+er .areted all * its gas*li+e *+ly i+ a+area *r areas 2i/2 e3erie+/e +* seas*+al /2a+ges relati-e t* gas*li+ere5uire.e+ts, e0g0, Daaii, *+ly C .*+t2s * data are re5uired0 ; O+/e t2e .i+i.u. sa.3li+g re5uire.e+ts 2a-e bee+ .et, data/*lle/ti*+ .ay /ease0 Additi*+al data .ay *+ly be i+/luded *r t2ere.ai+der * t2e /ale+dar year i+ 2i/2 t2e .i+i.u. sa.3li+gre5uire.e+ts ere .et0 I+ a+y /ase, all a-ailable data /*lle/ted u3u+til t2e ti.e data /*lle/ti*+ /eases .ust be utili7ed i+ t2e baseli+edeter.i+ati*+0

"; ess t2a+ t2e .i+i.u. re5uire.e+ts s3e/iied i+ 3aragra32d;1; * t2is se/ti*+ .ay be all*ed, u3*+ 3etiti*+ a+d a33r*-al 3er'e/0 &%09C;, i it /a+ be s2*+ t2at t2e a-ailable data is sui/ie+ti+ 5uality a+d 5ua+tity t* use i+ t2e baseli+e deter.i+ati*+0 ii; Met2*d 1 sa.3li+g re5uire.e+ts0 At least 2al * t2e bat/2es,*r s2i3.e+ts i +*t bat/2 ble+ded, i+ a /ale+dar .*+t2 s2all 2a-e bee+sa.3led *-er a .i+i.u. * si .*+t2s i+ 199%0 iii; Met2*d @ sa.3li+g re5uire.e+ts0 A; "*+ti+u*us ble+dst*/strea.s s2all 2a-e bee+ sa.3led at least eely *-er a .i+i.u. * si.*+t2s i+ 199%0

; F*r ble+dst*/s 3r*du/ed *+ a bat/2 basis, at least 2al * allbat/2es * a si+gle ble+dst*/ ty3e 3r*du/ed i+ a /ale+dar .*+t2 s2all2a-e bee+ sa.3led *-er a .i+i.u. * si .*+t2s i+ 199%0 i-; Met2*d C sa.3li+g re5uire.e+ts((A; le+dst*/ data0 1; !*st(199% /*+ti+u*us ble+dst*/ strea.s s2all 2a-e bee+ sa.3led at leasteely *-er a .i+i.u. * si .*+t2s0

@; F*r 3*st(199% ble+dst*/s 3r*du/ed *+ a bat/2 basis, at least2al * all bat/2es * a si+gle ble+dst*/ ty3e 3r*du/ed i+ a /ale+dar.*+t2 s2all 2a-e bee+ sa.3led *-er a .i+i.u. * si .*+t2s0 ; #as*li+e data0 At least 2al * t2e 3*st(199% bat/2es, *rs2i3.e+ts i +*t bat/2 ble+ded, i+ a /ale+dar .*+t2 s2all 2a-e bee+sa.3led *-er a .i+i.u. * si .*+t2s i+ *rder t* use 3*st(199% gas*li+e



data0

@; 'a.3li+g bey*+d t*day?s date0 T2e +e/essity a+d a/tual*//urre+/e * data /*lle/ti*+ ater t*day?s date .ust be s2*+0 C; Negligible 5ua+tity sa.3li+g0 Testi+g * a ble+dst*/ strea.

*r a uel 3ara.eter listed i+ t2is 3aragra32 d;C; is +*t re5uired it2e rei+er /a+ s2* t2at t2e uel 3ara.eter eists i+ t2e strea. atless t2a+ *r e5ual t* t2e a.*u+t, *+ a-erage, s2*+ i+ t2is 3aragra32d;C; *r t2at uel 3ara.eter0 A+y uel 3ara.eter s2*+ t* eist i+ arei+ery strea. i+ +egligible a.*u+ts s2all be assig+ed a -alue * %0%:

Ar*.ati/s, -*lu.e 3er/e+t((10%

e+7e+e, -*lu.e 3er/e+t((%01=

Olei+s, -*lu.e 3er/e+t((10%

Oyge+, eig2t 3er/e+t((%0@

'ulur, 33.((C%0%

4; 'a.3le /*.3*siti+g0 i; 'a.3les * gas*li+e *r ble+dst*/ 2i/22a-e bee+ retai+ed, but +*t a+aly7ed, .ay be .ied 3ri*r t* a+alysisa+d a+aly7ed, as des/ribed i+ 3aragra32s d;4;iii; A; t2r*ug2 D; *t2is se/ti*+, *r t2e re5uired uel 3ara.eters0 'a.3les .ust be r*.t2e sa.e seas*+ a+d year a+d .ust be * a si+gle grade *r * a si+glety3e * bat/2(3r*du/ed ble+dst*/0

ii; le+dst*/ sa.3les * a si+gle ble+dst*/ ty3e *btai+ed r*./*+ti+u*us 3r*/esses *-er a /ale+dar .*+t2 .ay be .ied t*get2er i+e5ual -*lu.es t* *r. *+e ble+dst*/ sa.3le a+d t2e sa.3le subse5ue+tlya+aly7ed *r t2e re5uired uel 3ara.eters0 iii;A; 'a.3les s2all 2a-e bee+ /*lle/ted a+d st*red 3er t2e.et2*d +*r.ally e.3l*yed at t2e rei+ery i+ *rder t* 3re-e+t /2a+ge i+3r*du/t /*.3*siti*+ it2 regard t* baseli+e 3r*3erties a+d t* .i+i.i7el*ss * -*latile ra/ti*+s * t2e sa.3le0 ; !r*3erties * t2e retai+ed sa.3les s2all be adusted *r l*ss* buta+e by /*.3ari+g t2e RV! .easured rig2t ater ble+di+g it2 t2eRV! deter.i+ed at t2e ti.e t2at t2e su33le.e+tal 3r*3erties are.easured0

"; T2e -*lu.e * ea/2 bat/2 *r s2i3.e+t sa.3led s2all 2a-e bee++*ted a+d t2e su. * t2e -*lu.es /al/ulated t* t2e +earest 2u+dred1%%; barrels0

8; F*r ea/2 bat/2 *r s2i3.e+t sa.3led, t2e rati* * its -*lu.e t*t2e t*tal -*lu.e deter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 d;4;iii;"; * t2is se/ti*+



s2all be deter.i+ed t* t2ree C; de/i.al 3la/es0 T2is s2all be t2e-*lu.etri/ ra/ti*+ * t2e s2i3.e+t i+ t2e .iture0 E; T2e t*tal .i+i.u. -*lu.e re5uired t* 3er*r. du3li/ate a+alysest* *btai+ -alues * all * t2e re5uired uel 3ara.eters s2all bedeter.i+ed0

F; T2e -*lu.etri/ ra/ti*+ deter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 d;4;iii;8;* t2is se/ti*+ *r ea/2 bat/2 *r s2i3.e+t s2all be .ulti3lied by t2e-alue deter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 d;4;iii;E; * t2is se/ti*+0 #; T2e resulti+g -alue deter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 d;4;iii;F; *t2is se/ti*+ *r ea/2 bat/2 *r s2i3.e+t s2all be t2e -*lu.e * ea/2bat/2 *r s2i3.e+t?s sa.3le t* be added t* t2e .iture0 T2is -*lu.es2all be deter.i+ed t* t2e +earest .illiliter0 D; T2e a33r*3riate -*lu.es * ea/2 s2i3.e+t?s sa.3le s2all bet2*r*ug2ly .ied a+d t2e s*luti*+ a+aly7ed 3er t2e .et2*ds +*r.allye.3l*yed at t2e rei+ery0

=; Test .et2*ds0 i; I t2e test .et2*ds used t* *btai+ uel3ara.eter -alues * gas*li+e a+d gas*li+e ble+dst*/s dier *r are*t2erise +*t e5ui-ale+t i+ 3re/isi*+ *r a//ura/y t* t2e /*rres3*+di+gtest .et2*d s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%046, results *btai+ed u+der t2*se3r*/edures ill *+ly be a//e3table, u3*+ 3etiti*+ a+d a33r*-al 3er'e/0 &%09C;, i t2e 3r*/edures are *r ere i+dustry(a//e3ted 3r*/edures*r .easuri+g t2e 3r*3erties * gas*li+e a+d gas*li+e ble+dst*/s att2e ti.e t2e .easure.e+t as .ade0

ii; Oyge+ /*+te+t .ay 2a-e bee+ deter.i+ed a+alyti/ally *r r*.*yge+ate ble+di+g re/*rds0

A; T2e uel 3ara.eter -alues, *t2er t2a+ *yge+ /*+te+t, s3e/iiedi+ 3aragra32 a; * t2is se/ti*+, .ust be establis2ed as *r a+yble+dst*/, 3er t2e re5uire.e+ts * t2is 3aragra32 d;0 ; All *yge+ ass*/iated it2 all*able gas*li+e *yge+ates 3er'e/0 &%0@; s2all be i+/luded i+ t2e deter.i+ati*+ * t2e baseli+e*yge+ /*+te+t, i *yge+ /*+te+t as deter.i+ed a+alyti/ally0 "; Oyge+ /*+te+t s2all be assu.ed t* be /*+tributed s*lely by t2e*yge+ate 2i/2 is i+di/ated *+ t2e ble+di+g re/*rds, i *yge+ /*+te+tas deter.i+ed r*. ble+di+g re/*rds0

6; 8ata 5uality0 8ata .ay be e/luded r*. t2e baseli+edeter.i+ati*+ i it is s2*+ t* t2e satisa/ti*+ * t2e 8ire/t*r * t2eOi/e * M*bile '*ur/es, *r desig+ee, t2at it is +*t it2i+ t2e +*r.alra+ge * -alues e3e/ted *r t2e gas*li+e *r ble+dst*/ sa.3le,/*+sideri+g u+it /*+igurati*+, *3erati+g /*+diti*+s, et/0 due t*: i; I.3r*3er labeli+g *r

ii; I.3r*3er testi+g *r



iii; Ot2er reas*+s as -eriied by t2e audit*r s3e/iied i+'e/0 &%09@0

e; aseli+e uel 3ara.eter deter.i+ati*+((1; "l*sely i+tegrated

gas*li+e 3r*du/i+g a/ilities0 Ea/2 rei+ery *r ble+di+g a/ility .ustdeter.i+e a set * baseli+e uel 3ara.eter -alues 3er t2is 3aragra32e;0 A si+gle set * baseli+e uel 3ara.eters .ay be deter.i+ed, u3*+3etiti*+ a+d a33r*-al, *r t* *r .*re a/ilities u+der eit2er * t2e*ll*i+g /ir/u.sta+/es:

i; T* *r .*re rei+eries *r sets * gas*li+e ble+dst*/(3r*du/i+gu+its * a rei+er e+gaged i+ t2e 3r*du/ti*+ * gas*li+e 3er 3aragra32b;1; * t2is se/ti*+ 2i/2 are ge*gra32i/ally 3r*i.ate t* ea/2*t2er, yet +*t it2i+ a si+gle rei+ery gate, a+d 2*se 199% *3erati*+sere sig+ii/a+tly i+ter/*++e/ted0

ii; A gas*li+e ble+di+g a/ility *3erati+g 3er 3aragra32 b;C; *t2is se/ti*+ re/ei-ed at least )= 3er/e+t * its 199% ble+dst*/ -*lu.er*. a si+gle rei+ery, *r r*. *+e *r .*re rei+eries 2i/2 are 3art* a+ aggregate baseli+e 3er 'e/0 &%01%12;0 T2e ble+di+g a/ility a+dass*/iated rei+eryies; .ust be *+ed by t2e sa.e rei+er0 @; E5uati*+s((i; !ara.eter deter.i+ati*+s0 A-erage baseli+e uel3ara.eters s2all be deter.i+ed se3arately *r su..er a+d i+ter usi+gsu..er a+d i+ter data 3er 3aragra32 d;1;i;A; * t2is se/ti*+;,res3e/ti-ely, i+ t2e a33li/able e5uati*+ listed i+ 3aragra32s e;@;ii; t2r*ug2 i-; * t2is se/ti*+, e/e3t t2at a-erage baseli+e i+terRV! s2all be &0) 3si0

ii; !r*du/t i+/luded i+ 3ara.eter deter.i+ati*+s0 I+ ea/2 * t2ee5uati*+s listed i+ 3aragra32s e;@; ii; t2r*ug2 i-; * t2isse/ti*+, t2e *ll*i+g s2all a33ly:

A; All gas*li+e 3r*du/ed t* .eet E!A?s 199% su..erti.e -*latilityre5uire.e+ts s2all be /*+sidered su..er gas*li+e0 All *t2er gas*li+es2all be /*+sidered i+ter gas*li+e0

; 1; aseli+e t*tal a++ual 199% gas*li+e -*lu.e s2all be t2elarger * t2e t*tal -*lu.e * gas*li+e 3r*du/ed i+ *r s2i33ed r*. t2erei+ery i+ 199%0

@; aseli+e su..er gas*li+e -*lu.e s2all be t2e t*tal -*lu.e *l* -*latility gas*li+e 2i/2 .et E!A?s 199% su..erti.e -*latilityre5uire.e+ts0 aseli+e su..er gas*li+e -*lu.e s2all be deter.i+ed *+t2e sa.e basis 3r*du/ed *r s2i33ed; as baseli+e t*tal a++ual gas*li+e-*lu.e0



C; aseli+e i+ter gas*li+e -*lu.e s2all be t2e baseli+e t*tala++ual gas*li+e -*lu.e .i+us t2e baseli+e su..er gas*li+e -*lu.e0 "; Fuel 3ara.eter -alues s2all be deter.i+ed i+ t2e sa.e u+its a+dat least t* t2e sa.e +u.ber * de/i.al 3la/es as t2e /*rres3*+di+g uel3ara.eter listed i+ 3aragra32 /;=; * t2is se/ti*+0

8; V*lu.es s2all be re3*rted t* t2e +earest barrel *r t* t2edegree at 2i/2 2ist*ri/al re/*rds ere e3t0 iii; Met2*d 10 'u..er a+d i+ter Met2*d 1(ty3e data, 3er 3aragra32/;1; * t2is se/ti*+, s2all be e-aluated se3arately a//*rdi+g t* t2e*ll*i+g e5uati*+:

J#RA!DI"KJTIF1CKTR16FE940%1C

2ere:

JINFKbssu..er *r i+ter baseli+e -alue * uel 3ara.eter *r t2erei+ery

sseas*+, su..er *r i+ter, 3er 3aragra32 d;1;i;A;1; * t2isse/ti*+

gse3arate grade * seas*+ s gas*li+e 3r*du/ed by t2e rei+ery i+ 199%3JINFKst*tal +u.ber * diere+t grades * seas*+ s gas*li+e 3r*du/edby t2e rei+ery i+ 199%

TJINFKgst*tal -*lu.e * seas*+ s grade g gas*li+e 3r*du/ed i+ 199%NJINFKst*tal -*lu.e * seas*+ s gas*li+e 3r*du/ed by t2e rei+ery i+199%

ise3arate bat/2 *r s2i3.e+t * seas*+ s 199% gas*li+e sa.3led+JINFKgst*tal +u.ber * seas*+ s sa.3les * grade g gas*li+eJINFKgis3ara.eter -alue * grade g gas*li+e sa.3le i i+ seas*+ sVJINFKgis-*lu.e * seas*+ s grade g gas*li+e sa.3le i'#JINFKgiss3e/ii/ gra-ity * seas*+ s grade g gas*li+e sa.3le i used*+ly *r uel 3ara.eters .easured *+ a eig2t basis;

i-; Met2*d @0 'u..er a+d i+ter Met2*d @(ty3e data, 3er 3aragra32/;@; * t2is se/ti*+, s2all be e-aluated se3arately a//*rdi+g t* t2e*ll*i+g e5uati*+:


2ere

JINFKbs'u..er *r i+ter baseli+e -alue * uel 3ara.eter *r t2erei+ery




ty3e * ble+dst*/ e0g0, re*r.ate, is*.erate, alylate, et/0;.JINFKst*tal ty3es * ble+dst*/s i+ seas*+ s 199% gas*li+e

TJINFKst*tal 199% -*lu.e * ble+dst*/ 3r*du/ed i+ t2e rei+ery a+dused i+ t2e rei+ery?s seas*+ s gas*li+eNJINFKst*tal -*lu.e * seas*+ s gas*li+e 3r*du/ed i+ t2e rei+ery i+199%

isa.3le * ble+dst*/

+JINFKs+u.ber * sa.3les * seas*+ s ble+dst*/ r*. /*+ti+u*us3r*/ess strea.s

JINFKis3ara.eter -alue * sa.3le i * seas*+ s ble+dst*/ 3JINFKs+u.ber * sa.3les * seas*+ s bat/2(3r*du/ed ble+dst*/ VJINFKis-*lu.e * bat/2 * sa.3le i * seas*+ s ble+dst*/ '#JINFKiss3e/ii/ gra-ity * sa.3le i * seas*+ s ble+dst*/ used*+ly *r uel 3ara.eters .easured *+ a eig2t basis;

-; Met2*d C0 A; !*st(199% le+dst*/0 'u..er a+d i+ter Met2*d C(ty3e data, 3er 3aragra32 /;C; * t2is se/ti*+, s2all be e-aluatedse3arately a//*rdi+g t* t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+:

J#RA!DI"KJTIF1=KTR16FE940%1=

2ere



ty3e * ble+dst*/ e0g0, re*r.ate, is*.erate, alylate, et/0;.JINFKst*tal ty3es * ble+dst*/s i+ seas*+ s 199% gas*li+eTJINFKst*tal 199% -*lu.e * ble+dst*/ 3r*du/ed i+ t2e rei+ery a+dused i+ t2e rei+ery?s seas*+ s gas*li+eNJINFKst*tal -*lu.e * seas*+ s gas*li+e 3r*du/ed i+ t2e rei+ery i+199%

isa.3le * 3*st(199% seas*+ s ble+dst*/ +JINFKs+u.ber * sa.3les * 3*st(199% seas*+ s ble+dst*/ r*./*+ti+u*us 3r*/ess strea.s

JINFKis3ara.eter -alue * sa.3le i * 3*st(199% seas*+ s ble+dst*/



3JINFKs+u.ber * sa.3les * 3*st(199% seas*+ s bat/2(3r*du/edble+dst*/

VJINFKis-*lu.e * 3*st(199% bat/2 * sa.3le i * seas*+ s ble+dst*/

'#JINFKiss3e/ii/ gra-ity * sa.3le i * seas*+ s ble+dst*/ used*+ly *r uel 3ara.eters .easured *+ a eig2t basis;

; !*st(199% gas*li+e0 'u..er a+d i+ter Met2*d C(ty3e gas*li+edata, 3er 3aragra32 /;C; * t2is se/ti*+, s2all be e-aluatedse3arately a//*rdi+g t* t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+:


2ere:



gse3arate grade * seas*+ s gas*li+e 3r*du/ed by t2e rei+ery i+ 199%3JINFKst*tal +u.ber * diere+t grades * seas*+ s gas*li+e 3r*du/edby t2e rei+ery i+ 199%

TJINFKgst*tal -*lu.e * seas*+ s grade g gas*li+e 3r*du/ed i+ 199%NJINFKst*tal -*lu.e * seas*+ s gas*li+e 3r*du/ed by t2e rei+ery i+199%

ise3arate bat/2 *r s2i3.e+t * 3*st(199% seas*+ s gas*li+e sa.3led+JINFKgst*tal +u.ber * sa.3les * 3*st(199% seas*+ s grade g gas*li+eJINFKgis3ara.eter -alue * 3*st(199% grade g seas*+ s gas*li+e sa.3lei

VJINFKgis-*lu.e * 3*st(199% seas*+ s grade g gas*li+e sa.3le i'#JINFKgiss3e/ii/ gra-ity * 3*st(199% seas*+ s grade g gas*li+esa.3le i used *+ly *r uel 3ara.eters .easured *+ a eig2t basis;

C; !er/e+t e-a3*rated deter.i+ati*+0 i; aseli+e E@%% a+d EC%%-alues s2all be deter.i+ed dire/tly r*. a/tual .easure.e+t data0 ii; I t2e data 3er 3aragra32 e;C;i; * t2is se/ti*+ areu+a-ailable, u3*+ 3etiti*+ a+d a33r*-al, baseli+e E@%% a+d EC%% -aluess2all be deter.i+ed r*. t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+s usi+g t2e baseli+e T=%



a+d T9% -alues, i t2e baseli+e T=% a+d T9% -alues are *t2erisea//e3table:

E@%%14)091(%049 T=%;

EC%%1==04)(%0@@ T9%;

4; Oyge+ i+ t2e baseli+e0 aseli+e uel 3ara.eter -alues s2all bedeter.i+ed *+ b*t2 a+ *yge+ated a+d +*+(*yge+ated basis0 i; I baseli+e -alues are deter.i+ed irst *+ a+ *yge+atedbasis, 3er 3aragra32 e; * t2is se/ti*+, t2e /al/ulati*+s i+3aragra32s e;4;i; A; t2r*ug2 "; * t2is se/ti*+ s2all be 3er*r.edt* deter.i+e t2e -alue * ea/2 baseli+e 3ara.eter *+ a +*+(*yge+atedbasis0

A; e+7e+e, ar*.ati/, *lei+ a+d sulur /*+te+t s2all bedeter.i+ed *+ a +*+(*yge+ated basis a//*rdi+g t* t2e *ll*i+ge5uati*+:

J#RA!DI"KJTIF1)KTR16FE940%1)

2ere

V+*+(*yge+ated 3ara.eter -alue

AV*yge+ated 3ara.eter -alue

OV199% *yge+ate -*lu.e as a 3er/e+t * t*tal 3r*du/ti*+

; Reid -a3*r 3ressure RV!; s2all be deter.i+ed *+ a +*+*yge+atedbasis a//*rdi+g t* t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+:

J#RA!DI"KJTIF1&KTR16FE940%1&

2ere

R+*+(*yge+ated RV! baseli+e -alue;R*yge+ated RV!

ity3e * *yge+ate used i+ 199%

+t*tal +u.ber * diere+t ty3es * *yge+ates used i+ 199%OVJINFKi199% -*lu.e, as a 3er/e+t * t*tal 3r*du/ti*+, * *yge+ate iORJINFKible+di+g RV! * *yge+ate i

"; Test data a+d e+gi+eeri+g udge.e+t s2all be used t* esti.ateT9%, T=%, EC%% a+d E@%% baseli+e -alues *+ a +*+(*yge+ated basis0



All*a+/es s2all be .ade *r 32ysi/al diluti*+ a+d distillati*+ ee/ts*+ly, a+d +*t *r rei+ery *3erati*+al /2a+ges, e0g0, de/reasedre*r.er se-erity re5uired due t* t2e */ta+e -alue * *yge+ate 2i/2*uld redu/e ar*.ati/s0

ii; I baseli+e -alues are deter.i+ed irst *+ a +*+(*yge+atedbasis, t2e /al/ulati*+s i+ 3aragra32s e;4;ii; A; t2r*ug2 "; *t2is se/ti*+ s2all be 3er*r.ed t* deter.i+e t2e -alue * ea/2 baseli+e3ara.eter *+ a+ *yge+ated basis0

A; e+7e+e, ar*.ati/, *lei+ a+d sulur /*+te+t s2all bedeter.i+ed *+ a+ *yge+ated basis a//*rdi+g t* t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+:

AVV 1%%(OV;

2ere

AV*yge+ated 3ara.eter -alue

V+*(*yge+ated 3ara.eter -alue

OV199% *yge+ate -*lu.e as a 3er/e+t * t*tal 3r*du/ti*+

; Reid -a3*r 3ressure RV!; s2all be deter.i+ed *+ a+ *yge+atedbasis a//*rdi+g t* t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+:


2ere

R*yge+ated RV!

R+*+(*yge+ated RV!

ity3e * *yge+ate

+t*tal +u.ber * diere+t ty3es * *yge+atesOVJINFKi199% -*lu.e, as a 3er/e+t * t*tal 3r*du/ti*+, * *yge+ate iORJINFKible+di+g RV! * *yge+ate i

"; Test data a+d e+gi+eeri+g udge.e+t s2all be used t* esti.ateT9%, T=%, EC%% a+d E@%% baseli+e -alues *+ a+ *yge+ated basis0

All*a+/es s2all be .ade *r 32ysi/al diluti*+ a+d distillati*+ ee/ts*+ly, a+d +*t *r rei+ery *3erati*+al /2a+ges, e0g0, de/reasedre*r.er se-erity re5uired due t* t2e */ta+e -alue * *yge+ate 2i/2*uld redu/e ar*.ati/s0



=; B*r(i+(3r*gress0 A rei+er .ay, u3*+ 3etiti*+ a+d a33r*-al3er 'e/0 &%09C;, be all*ed t* a//*u+t *r *r( i+(3r*gress at *+e *r.*re * its rei+eries i+ 199% i+ t2e deter.i+ati*+ * t2at rei+ery?sbaseli+e uel 3ara.eters usi+g Met2*d 1, @ *r C(ty3e data i it .eetst2e re5uire.e+ts s3e/iied i+ t2is 3aragra32 e;=;0

i; B*r(i+(3r*gress s2all i+/lude: A; Rei+ery .*dii/ati*+ 3r*e/ts i+-*l-i+g gas*li+e ble+dst*/ *rdistillate 3r*du/i+g u+its 2i/2 ere u+der /*+stru/ti*+ i+ 199% *r ; Rei+ery .*dii/ati*+ 3r*e/ts i+-*l-i+g gas*li+e ble+dst*/ *rdistillate 3r*du/i+g u+its 2i/2 ere /*+tra/ted *r 3ri*r t* *r i+199% su/2 t2at t2e rei+er as /*..itted t* 3ur/2asi+g .aterials a+d/*+stru/ti+g t2e 3r*e/t0

ii; T2e .*dii/ati*+s dis/ussed i+ 3aragra32 e;=;i; * t2isse/ti*+ .ust 2a-e bee+ i+itiated it2 i+te+t * /*.3lyi+g it2 alegislati-e *r regulat*ry e+-ir*+.e+tal re5uire.e+t e+a/ted *r3r*.ulgated 3ri*r t* <a+uary 1, 19910

iii; B2e+ /*.3ari+g e.issi*+s *r 3ara.eter -alues deter.i+ed it2a+d it2*ut t2e a+ti/i3ated *r(i+(3r*gress adust.e+t, at least *+e* t2e *ll*i+g situati*+s results 2e+ /*.3ari+g a++ual a-eragebaseli+e -alues 3er 'e/0 &%09%:

A; A @0= 3er/e+t *r greater diere+/e i+ e2aust be+7e+ee.issi*+s 3er 'e/0 &%09%; *r

; A @0= 3er/e+t *r greater diere+/e i+ t*tal e2aust t*i/se.issi*+s 3er 'e/0 &%09%d;; *r

"; A @0= 3er/e+t *r greater diere+/e i+ NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er'e/0 &%09%e;; *r

8; A 1%0% 3er/e+t *r greater diere+/e i+ sulur -alues *r E; A 1%0% 3er/e+t *r greater diere+/e i+ *lei+ -alues *r F; A 1%0% 3er/e+t *r greater diere+/e i+ T9% -alues0 i-; T2e re5uire.e+ts * 3aragra32 e;=;iii; * t2is se/ti*+s2all be deter.i+ed a//*rdi+g t* t2e *ll*i+g e5uati*+:

J#RA!DI"KJTIF@%KTR16FE940%@%

-; T2e /a3ital i+-*l-ed i+ t2e *r(i+(3r*gress is at least: A; 1%0% 3er/e+t * t2e rei+ery?s de3re/iated b** -alue as * t2e*r(i+(3r*gress start(u3 date *r

; 1% .illi*+0

-i; 'ui/ie+t data s2all 2a-e bee+ *btai+ed si+/e reliable



*3erati*+ * t2e *r(i+(3r*gress as a/2ie-ed0 'u/2 data s2all be usedi+ t2e deter.i+ati*+ * t2e adusted baseli+e uel 3ara.eter a+d as-erii/ati*+ * t2e ee/t * t2e *r(i+(3r*gress0 -ii; I+/reases i+ ea/2 * t2e a++ual a-erage baseli+e -alues 3er'e/0 &%09%; * e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s, e2aust t*i/s e.issi*+s a+d

NOJINFK e.issi*+s due t* *r(i+(3r*gress adust.e+ts are li.ited t*t2e larger *:

A; T2e u+adusted a++ual a-erage baseli+e -alue * ea/2 e.issi*+s3e/iied i+ t2is 3aragra32 e;=;-ii; *r ; T2e *ll*i+g -alues:

1; E2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s, si.3le .*del, 60)) @; E2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s, /*.3le .*del, C406& .gL.ile C; E2aust t*i/s e.issi*+s, =C0@% .gL.ile i+ !2ase I, 1%90) .gL.ile i+ !2ase II

4; NOJINFK e.issi*+s, )=%01 .gL.ile i+ !2ase I, 1=C40 .gL.ile i+!2ase II0

-iii; B2e+ /*.3lia+/e is a/2ie-ed usi+g t2e si.3le .*del 3er'e/0 &%01%1;, i+/reases i+ ea/2 * t2e a++ual a-erage baseli+e -alues3er 'e/0 &%09%; * sulur, *lei+s a+d T9% due t* *r(i+(3r*gressadust.e+ts are li.ited t* t2e larger *: A; T2e u+adusted a++ual a-erage baseli+e -alue * ea/2 s3e/iieduel 3ara.eter s3e/iied i+ t2is 3aragra32 e;=;-iii; *r ; T2e *ll*i+g -alues:

1; 'ulur, C== 33.

@; Olei+s, 110C -*lu.e 3er/e+t

C; T9%, C49 deg0F0

i; All *r(i+(3r*gress adust.e+ts .ust be a//*.3a+ied by: A; +adusted a+d adusted uel 3ara.eters, e.issi*+s, a+d-*lu.es a+d

; A des/ri3ti*+ * t2e /urre+t status * t2e *r(i+(3r*gressi0e0, t2e rei+ery .*dii/ati*+ 3r*e/t; a+d t2e date *+ 2i/2 +*r.al*3erati*+s ere a/2ie-ed a+d

"; A +arrati-e des/ribi+g t2e situati*+, t2e ty3es */al/ulati*+s, a+d t2e reas*+i+g su33*rti+g t2e ty3es * /al/ulati*+sd*+e t* deter.i+e t2e adusted -alues0 6; aseli+e adust.e+t *r ete+uati+g /ir/u.sta+/es0 i; aseli+eadust.e+ts .ay be all*ed, u3*+ 3etiti*+ a+d a33r*-al 3er



'e/0 &%09C;, i a rei+ery 2ad d*+ti.e * a gas*li+e ble+dst*/3r*du/i+g u+it *r C% days *r .*re i+ 199% due t*: A; +3la++ed, u+*resee+ /ir/u.sta+/es *r ; N*+(a++ual .ai+te+a+/e tur+ar*u+d;0 ii; Fuel 3ara.eter a+d -*lu.e adust.e+ts s2all be .ade by

assu.i+g t2at t2e d*+ti.e did +*t *//ur i+ 199%0 iii; All ete+uati+g /ir/u.sta+/e adust.e+ts .ust be a//*.3a+iedby:

A; +adusted a+d adusted uel 3ara.eters, e.issi*+s, a+d-*lu.es a+d

; A des/ri3ti*+ * t2e /urre+t status * t2e ete+uati+g/ir/u.sta+/e a+d t2e date *+ 2i/2 +*r.al *3erati*+s ere a/2ie-ed a+d "; A +arrati-e des/ribi+g t2e situati*+, t2e ty3es */al/ulati*+s, a+d t2e reas*+i+g su33*rti+g t2e ty3es * /al/ulati*+sd*+e t* deter.i+e t2e adusted -alues0 ); aseli+e adust.e+ts *r 199% <!(4 3r*du/ti*+0 i; aseli+eadust.e+ts .ay be all*ed, u3*+ 3etiti*+ a+d a33r*-al 3er'e/0 &%09C;, i a rei+ery 3r*du/ed <!(4 et uel i+ 199% a+d .eets all* t2e *ll*i+g re5uire.e+ts:

A; T2e rei+ery is t2e *+ly rei+ery * a rei+er su/2 t2at it/a++*t *r. a+ aggregate baseli+e it2 a+*t2er rei+ery 3er 3aragra32; * t2is se/ti*+; *r all * t2e rei+eries * a rei+er 3r*du/ed <!(4 i+ 199% a+d ea/2 * t2e rei+eries als* .eets t2e re5uire.e+tss3e/iied i+ 3aragra32s e;);i; ; a+d "; * t2is se/ti*+0 ; T2e rei+ery ill +*t 3r*du/e re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 I t2erei+ery 3r*du/es re*r.ulated gas*li+e at a+y ti.e i+ a /ale+dar year,its /*.3lia+/e baseli+e s2all re-ert t* its u+adusted baseli+e -alues*r t2at year a+d all subse5ue+t years0 "; T2e rati* * t2e rei+ery?s 199% <!(4 3r*du/ti*+ t* its 199%gas*li+e 3r*du/ti*+ e5uals *r e/eeds %0=0 ii; Fuel 3ara.eter a+d -*lu.e adust.e+ts s2all be .ade byassu.i+g t2at +* <!(4 as 3r*du/ed i+ 199%0 iii; All adust.e+ts due t* 199% <!(4 3r*du/ti*+ .ust bea//*.3a+ied by:

A; +adusted a+d adusted uel 3ara.eters, e.issi*+s, a+d-*lu.es a+d

; A +arrati-e des/ribi+g t2e situati*+, t2e ty3es */al/ulati*+s, a+d t2e reas*+i+g su33*rti+g t2e ty3es * /al/ulati*+sd*+e t* deter.i+e t2e adusted -alues0 ; aseli+e -*lu.e a+d e.issi*+s deter.i+ati*+((1; I+di-idualbaseli+e -*lu.e0 i; T2e i+di-idual baseli+e -*lu.e * a rei+erydes/ribed i+ 3aragra32 b;1;i; * t2is se/ti*+ s2all be t2e larger *



t2e t*tal gas*li+e -*lu.e 3r*du/ed i+ *r s2i33ed r*. t2e rei+ery i+199%, e/ludi+g gas*li+e ble+dst*/s a+d e3*rted gas*li+e, a+di+/ludi+g t2e *yge+ate -*lu.e ass*/iated it2 a+y 3r*du/t .eeti+g t2ere5uire.e+ts s3e/iied i+ 3aragra32 /;1;ii; * t2is se/ti*+0 ii; #as*li+e br*ug2t i+t* t2e rei+ery i+ 199% 2i/2 eited t2e

rei+ery, i+ 199%, u+/2a+ged s2all +*t be i+/luded i+ deter.i+i+g t2erei+ery?s baseli+e -*lu.e0

iii; I a rei+er is all*ed t* adust its baseli+e 3er 3aragra32se;=; t2r*ug2 e;); * t2is se/ti*+, its i+di-idual baseli+e -*lu.es2all be t2e -*lu.e deter.i+ed ater t2e adust.e+t0 i-; T2e i+di-idual baseli+e -*lu.e *r a/ilities dee.ed /l*selyi+tegrated, 3er 3aragra32 e;1; * t2is se/ti*+, s2all be t2e /*.bi+ed199% gas*li+e 3r*du/ti*+ * t2e a/ilities, s* l*+g as .utual -*lu.esare +*t d*uble(/*u+ted, i0e0, -*lu.es * ble+dst*/ se+t r*. t2erei+ery t* t2e ble+di+g a/ility s2*uld +*t be i+/luded i+ t2eble+di+g a/ility?s -*lu.e0

-; T2e baseli+e -*lu.e * a rei+er, 3er 3aragra32 b;C; * t2isse/ti*+, s2all be t2e larger * t2e t*tal gas*li+e -*lu.e 3r*du/ed i+*r s2i33ed r*. t2e rei+ery i+ 199%, e/ludi+g gas*li+e ble+dst*/sa+d e3*rted gas*li+e0

-i; T2e baseli+e -*lu.e * a+ i.3*rter, 3er 3aragra32 b;4; *t2is se/ti*+, s2all be t2e t*tal gas*li+e -*lu.e i.3*rted i+t* t2e 0'0i+ 199%0

@; I+di-idual baseli+e e.issi*+s0 i; I+di-idual a++ual a-eragebaseli+e e.issi*+s 3er 'e/0 &%09%; s2all be deter.i+ed *r e-eryrei+ery, rei+er *r i.3*rter, as a33li/able0 ii; F*r ea/2 i+di-idual su..er *r i+ter baseli+e uel 3ara.eter-alue deter.i+ed 3er 3aragra32 e; * t2is se/ti*+; 2i/2 is *utside* t2e /*.3le .*del /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e -alid ra+ge *r t2at3ara.eter 3er 'e/0 &%04=;1;ii;;, t2e /*.3le .*del ra+ge isete+ded *+ly *r su/2 uel 3ara.eters, i+ b*t2 baseli+e a+d /*.3lia+/e/*.3le .*del e.issi*+s deter.i+ati*+s, a+d *+ly *r t2e a33li/ablesu..er *r i+ter .*dels0

iii; Fa/ilities dee.ed /l*sely i+tegrated, 3er 3aragra32 e;1; *t2is se/ti*+, s2all 2a-e a si+gle set * a++ual a-erage i+di-idualbaseli+e e.issi*+s0

i-; Aggregate baseli+es 3er 'e/0 &%01%12;; .ust 2a-e t2eNOJINFK e.issi*+s * all rei+eries i+ t2e aggregate deter.i+ed *+ t2esa.e basis, usi+g eit2er *yge+ated *r +*+(*yge+ated baseli+e uel3ara.eters0



C; #e*gra32i/ /*+siderati*+s re5uiri+g i+di-idual /*+-e+ti*+algas*li+e /*.3lia+/e baseli+es0 i; A+y*+e .ay 3etiti*+ E!A t* establis2se3arate baseli+es *r rei+eries l*/ated i+ a+d 3r*-idi+g /*+-e+ti*+algas*li+e t* a+ area it2 a li.ited gas*li+e distributi*+ syste. i it/a+ s2* t2at t2e area is e3erie+/i+g i+/reased t*i/s e.issi*+s due

t* a+ *7*+e +*+attai+.e+t area *3ti+g i+t* t2e re*r.ulated gas*li+e3r*gra. 3ursua+t t* se/ti*+ @11;6; * t2e A/t0 ii; I E!A agrees it2 t2e i+di+g * 3aragra32 ;4;i; * t2isse/ti*+, it s2all re5uire t2at t2e baseli+es * su/2 rei+eries bese3arate r*. rei+eries +*t l*/ated i+ t2e area0 iii; I t* @; *r .*re * a rei+er?s rei+eries are l*/ated i+t2e ge*gra32i/ area * /*+/er+, t2e rei+er .ay aggregate t2e baseli+ee.issi*+s a+d sulur, *lei+ a+d T9% -alues * t2e rei+eries *r 2a-ea+ i+di-idual baseli+e *r *+e *r .*re * t2e rei+eries, 3er 3aragra32;C; * t2is se/ti*+0

4; aseli+e re/al/ulati*+s0 Aggregate baseli+e e2aust e.issi*+s3er 'e/0 &%09%; a+d baseli+e sulur, *lei+ a+d T9% -alues a+daggregate baseli+e -*lu.es s2all be re/al/ulated u+der t2e *ll*i+g/ir/u.sta+/es:

i; A rei+ery i+/luded i+ a+ aggregate baseli+e is e+tirelys2utd*+0 I t2e s2utd*+ rei+ery as 3art * a+ aggregate baseli+e,t2e aggregate baseli+e e.issi*+s, aggregate baseli+e sulur, *lei+ a+dT9% -alues a+d aggregate -*lu.e s2all be re/al/ulated t* a//*u+t *rt2e re.*-al * t2e s2utd*+ rei+ery?s /*+tributi*+s t* t2e aggregatebaseli+e0

ii; A rei+ery e/2a+ges *+ers0

A; All aggregate baseli+es ae/ted by t2e e/2a+ge s2all bere/al/ulated t* rele/t t2e additi*+ *r subtra/ti*+ * t2e baseli+ee2aust e.issi*+s, sulur, *lei+ a+d T9% -alues a+d -*lu.es * t2atrei+ery0

; T2e +e *+er .ay ele/t t* establis2 a+ i+di-idual baseli+e *rt2e rei+ery *r t* i+/lude it i+ a+ aggregate baseli+e0 "; I t2e rei+ery as 3art * a+ aggregate * t2ree *r .*rerei+eries, t2e re.ai+i+g rei+eries i+ t2e aggregate r*. 2i/2 t2atrei+ery as re.*-ed ill 2a-e a +e aggregate baseli+e0 I t2erei+ery as 3art * a+ aggregate * *+ly t* rei+eries, t2e re.ai+i+grei+ery ill 2a-e a+ i+di-idual baseli+e0 g; I+ability t* .eet t2e re5uire.e+ts * t2is se/ti*+0 I arei+er *r i.3*rter is u+able t* /*.3ly it2 *+e *r .*re * t2ere5uire.e+ts s3e/iied i+ 3aragra32s a; t2r*ug2 ; * t2is se/ti*+,it .ay, u3*+ 3etiti*+ a+d a33r*-al, a//*..*date t2e la/ * /*.3lia+/ei+ a reas*+able, l*gi/al, te/2+i/ally s*u+d .a++er, /*+sideri+g t2e



a33r*3riate+ess * t2e alter+ati-e0 A +arrati-e * t2e situati*+, asell as a+y /al/ulati*+s a+d results deter.i+ed, .ust be d*/u.e+ted0

'e/0 &%09@ aseli+e audit*r re5uire.e+ts0

a; #e+eral re5uire.e+ts0 1; Ea/2 rei+er *r i.3*rter is re5uiredt* 2a-e its i+di-idual baseli+e deter.i+ati*+ .et2*d*l*gy, resulti+gbaseli+e uel 3ara.eter, -*lu.e a+d e.issi*+s -alues, a+d 199%(199Cble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati*s 3er 'e/0 &%01%@; -eriied by a+ audit*r2i/2 .eets t2e re5uire.e+ts des/ribed i+ t2is se/ti*+0 A rei+er *ri.3*rter 2i/2 2as t2e a+ti(du.3i+g statut*ry baseli+e as itsi+di-idual baseli+e is ee.3t r*. t2is re5uire.e+t0 @; A+ audit*r .ay be a+ i+di-idual *r *rga+i7ati*+, a+d .ayutili7e /*+tra/t*rs a+d sub/*+tra/t*rs t* assist i+ t2e -erii/ati*+ *a baseli+e0

C; I a+ audit*r is a+ *rga+i7ati*+, *+e *r .*re 3ers*+s s2all bedesig+ated as 3ri.ary a+alysts;0 T2e 3ri.ary a+alysts; s2all .eet t2ere5uire.e+ts des/ribed i+ 3aragra32s /; @; a+d C; * t2is se/ti*+a+d s2all be res3*+sible *r t2e baseli+e audit 3er 3aragra32 ; *t2is se/ti*+0

b; I+de3e+de+/e0 T2e audit*r, its /*+tra/t*rs, sub/*+tra/t*rs a+dt2eir *rga+i7ati*+s s2all be i+de3e+de+t * t2e sub.itti+g*rga+i7ati*+0 All * t2e /riteria listed i+ 3aragra32s b; 1; a+d @;* t2is se/ti*+ .ust be .et by e-ery i+di-idual i+-*l-ed i+ substa+ti-eas3e/ts * t2e baseli+e -erii/ati*+0

1; !re-i*us e.3l*y.e+t /riteria0 i; N*+e * t2e auditi+g3ers*++el, i+/ludi+g a+y /*+tra/t*r *r sub/*+tra/t*r 3ers*++el,i+-*l-ed i+ t2e baseli+e -erii/ati*+ *r a rei+er *r i.3*rter s2all2a-e bee+ e.3l*yed by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter at a+y ti.e duri+g t2et2ree C; years 3re/edi+g t2e date * 2ire * t2e audit*r by t2erei+er *r i.3*rter *r baseli+e -erii/ati*+ 3ur3*ses0 ii; Audit*r 3ers*++el .ay 2a-e bee+ a /*+tra/t*r *r sub/*+tra/t*rt* t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter, as l*+g as all *t2er /riteria listed i+t2is se/ti*+ are .et0

iii; Audit*r 3ers*++el .ay als* 2a-e de-el*3ed t2e baseli+e * t2erei+er *r i.3*rter 2*se baseli+e t2ey are auditi+g, but +*t as a+e.3l*yee 3er 3aragra32 b;1;i; * t2is se/ti*+;0 T2*se i+-*l-ed *+lyi+ t2e de-el*3.e+t * t2e baseli+e * t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter +eed +*t.eet t2e re5uire.e+ts s3e/iied i+ t2is se/ti*+0 @; Fi+a+/ial /riteria0 Neit2er t2e 3ri.ary a+alyst, +*r t2eauditi+g *rga+i7ati*+ +*r a+y *rga+i7ati*+ *r i+di-idual 2i/2 .ay be/*+tra/ted *r sub/*+tra/ted t* su33ly baseli+e -erii/ati*+ e3ertise



s2all:

i; Da-e re/ei-ed .*re t2a+ *+e 5uarter * its re-e+ue r*. t2erei+er *r i.3*rter duri+g t2e year 3ri*r t* t2e date * 2ire * t2eaudit*r by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter *r auditi+g 3ur3*ses0 I+/*.e

re/ei-ed r*. t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter t* de-el*3 t2e baseli+e bei+gaudited is e/e3ted +*r

ii; Da-e a t*tal * .*re t2a+ 1% 3er/e+t * its +et *rt2 it2 t2erei+er *r i.3*rter +*r

iii; Re/ei-e /*.3e+sati*+ *r t2e audit 2i/2 is de3e+de+t *+ t2e*ut/*.e * t2e audit0

/; Te/2+i/al ability0 All * t2e *ll*i+g /riteria .ust be .et byt2e audit*r i+ *rder t* de.*+strate its te/2+i/al /a3ability t* 3er*r.t2e baseli+e audit:

1; T2e audit*r s2all be te/2+i/ally /a3able * e-aluati+g abaseli+e deter.i+ati*+0 It s2all 2a-e 3ers*++el a.iliar it2 3etr*leu.rei+i+g 3r*/esses, i+/ludi+g ass*/iated /*.3utati*+al 3r*/edures,.et2*ds * 3r*du/t a+alysis a+d e/*+*.i/s, a+d e3ertise i+ /*+du/ti+gt2e auditi+g 3r*/ess, i+/ludi+g sills *r ee/ti-e data gat2eri+g a+da+alysis0

@; T2e 3ri.ary a+alyst .ust u+dersta+d all te/2+i/al details *t2e e+tire baseli+e audit 3r*/ess0

C;i; T2e 3ri.ary a+alyst s2all 2a-e *red at least i-e =;years i+ eit2er rei+ery *3erati*+s *r as a /*+sulta+t *r t2e rei+i+gi+dustry0

ii; I *+e *r .*re /*.3uter .*dels desig+ed *r rei+ery 3la++i+ga+dL*r e/*+*.i/ a+alysis are used i+ t2e -erii/ati*+ * a+ i+di-idualbaseli+e, t2e 3ri.ary a+alyst .ust 2a-e at least t2ree C; yearse3erie+/e *ri+g it2 t2e .*dels; utili7ed i+ t2e -erii/ati*+0 iii; E!A .ay, u3*+ 3etiti*+, ai-e *+e *r .*re * t2e re5uire.e+tss3e/iied i+ 3aragra32 /;C; * t2is se/ti*+ i t2e te/2+i/al/a3ability * t2e 3ri.ary a+alyst is de.*+strated t* t2e satisa/ti*+* t2e 8ire/t*r * t2e Oi/e * M*bile '*ur/es, *r desig+ee0 d; Audit*r 5ualii/ati*+ state.e+t0 A state.e+t d*/u.e+ti+g t2e5ualii/ati*+s * t2e audit*r, 3ri.ary a+alysts;, /*+tra/t*rs,sub/*+tra/t*rs a+d t2eir *rga+i7ati*+s .ust be sub.itted t* E!A Fuel'tudies a+d 'ta+dards ra+/2, aseli+e Audit*r, 0'0 E!A, @=6= !ly.*ut2Rd0, A++ Arb*r, MI 4&1%=;0

1; Ti.i+g0 i; T2e audit*r 5ualii/ati*+ state.e+t .ay be



sub.itted by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter 3ri*r t* baseli+e sub.issi*+ 3er'e/0 &%09C; *r by a 3*te+tial audit*r at a+y ti.e0 T2e audit*r ill bedee.ed /ertiied 2e+ all 5ualii/ati*+s are .et, t* t2e satisa/ti*+* t2e 8ire/t*r * t2e Oi/e * M*bile '*ur/es, *r desig+ee0 I +*res3*+se is re/ei-ed r*. E!A it2i+ 4= days * a33li/ati*+ *r t*day?s

date, 2i/2e-er is later, t2e audit*r s2all be dee.ed /ertiied0 ii; T2e audit*r 5ualii/ati*+ state.e+t .ay be sub.itted by t2erei+er *r i.3*rter it2 its baseli+e sub.issi*+ 3er 'e/0 &%09C;0 It2e audit*r d*es +*t .eet t2e /riteria s3e/iied i+ t2is se/ti*+, t2ebaseli+e sub.issi*+ ill +*t be a//e3ted0 @; "*+te+t0 T2e audit*r 5ualii/ati*+ state.e+t .ust /*+tai+ all* t2e *ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+ a+d .ay /*+tai+ additi*+al i+*r.ati*+2i/2 .ay aid E!A?s re-ie * t2e 5ualii/ati*+ state.e+t: i; T2e +a.e a+d address * ea/2 3ers*+ a+d *rga+i7ati*+ i+-*l-edi+ substa+ti-e as3e/ts * t2e baseli+e audit, i+/ludi+g t2e audit*r,3ri.ary a+alysts;, *t2ers it2i+ t2e *rga+i7ati*+, a+d /*+tra/t*rs a+dsub/*+tra/t*rs

ii; T2e rei+ers a+dL*r i.3*rters *r 2i/2 t2e audit*r, its/*+tra/t*rs a+d sub/*+tra/t*rs a+d t2eir *rga+i7ati*+s d* +*t .eet t2ei+de3e+de+/e /riteria des/ribed i+ 3aragra32 b; * t2is se/ti*+ a+d iii; T2e te/2+i/al 5ualii/ati*+s a+d e3erie+/e * ea/2 3ers*+i+-*l-ed i+ t2e baseli+e audit, i+/ludi+g a s2*i+g t2at t2ere5uire.e+ts des/ribed i+ 3aragra32 /; * t2is se/ti*+ are .et0 e; Rei+er a+d i.3*rter res3*+sibility0 1; Ea/2 rei+er a+di.3*rter re5uired t* 2a-e its baseli+e -eriied by a+ audit*r 3er3aragra32 a;1; * t2is se/ti*+; is res3*+sible *r utili7i+g a+audit*r *r baseli+e -erii/ati*+ 2i/2 .eets t2e re5uire.e+tss3e/iied i+ 3aragra32s b; a+d /; * t2is se/ti*+0 @; A rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s baseli+e sub.issi*+ ill +*t bea//e3ted u+til it 2as bee+ -eriied usi+g a+ audit*r 2i/2 .eets t2ere5uire.e+ts s3e/iied i+ 3aragra32s b; a+d /; * t2is se/ti*+0 ; Audit*r res3*+sibilities0 1; T2e audit*r .ust -eriy t2at allbaseli+e sub.issi*+ re5uire.e+ts are ulilled0 T2is i+/ludes, but is+*t li.ited t*, t2e *ll*i+g:

i; Veriyi+g t2at all data is /*rre/tly a//*u+ted *r ii; Veriyi+g t2at all /al/ulati*+s are 3er*r.ed /*rre/tly iii; Veriyi+g t2at all adust.e+ts t* t2e data a+dL*r/al/ulati*+s t* a//*u+t *r 3*st(199% data, *r(i+(3r*gress, a+dL*rete+uati+g *r *t2er /ir/u.sta+/es, as all*ed 3er 'e/0 &%091, are-alid a+d 3er*r.ed /*rre/tly0

@; T2e 3ri.ary a+alyst s2all 3re3are a+d sig+ a state.e+t, t* bei+/luded i+ t2e baseli+e sub.issi*+ * t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter, stati+gt2at:



i; DeLs2e 2as t2*r*ug2ly re-ieed t2e sa.3li+g .et2*d*l*gy a+dbaseli+e /al/ulati*+s a+d

ii; T* t2e best * 2isL2er +*ledge, t2e re5uire.e+ts a+di+te+ti*+s * t2e rule.ai+g are .et i+ t2e baseli+e deter.i+ati*+ a+d

iii; DeLs2e agrees it2 t2e i+al baseli+e 3ara.eter, -*lu.e a+de.issi*+ -alues listed i+ t2e baseli+e sub.issi*+0 C; T2e audit*r .ay be sube/t t* debar.e+t u+der 0'0"0 1%%1 i itdis3lays gr*ss i+/*.3ete+/y, i+te+ti*+ally /*..its a+ err*r i+ t2e-erii/ati*+ 3r*/ess *r .isre3rese+ts itsel *r i+*r.ati*+ i+ t2ebaseli+e -erii/ati*+0

'e/0 &%09C I+di-idual baseli+e sub.issi*+ a+d a33r*-al0

a; 'ub.issi*+ ti.i+g0 1; Ea/2 rei+er, ble+der *r i.3*rter s2allsub.it t* /*3ies * its i+di-idual baseli+e t* E!A Fuel 'tudies a+d'ta+dards ra+/2, aseli+e 'ub.issi*+, 0'0 E!A, @=6= !ly.*ut2 Rd0, A++

Arb*r, MI 4&1%=; +*t later t2a+ <u+e 1, 19940 @; I a rei+er .ust /*lle/t data ater 8e/e.ber 1=, 199C 3er'e/0 &%091d;@;;, it s2all sub.it t* /*3ies * its i+di-idualbaseli+e t* E!A 3er 'e/0 &%09Ca;1;; by 'e3te.ber 1, 19940 C;i; All 3etiti*+s re5uired *r baseli+e adust.e+ts *r.et2*d*l*gy de-iati*+s ill be a33r*-ed *r disa33r*-ed by t2e 8ire/t*r* t2e Oi/e * M*bile '*ur/es, *r desig+ee0 All i+sta+/es 2ere a>>s2*i+g?? *r *t2er 3r** is re5uired are als* sube/t t* a33r*-al byt2e 8ire/t*r * t2e Oi/e * M*bile '*ur/es, *r desig+ee0 ii; Audit*r(-eriied 3etiti*+s, >>s2*i+gs?? a+d *t2er ass*/iated3r** .ay be sub.itted t* E!A 3er 'e/0 &%09Ca;1;; 3ri*r t* t2e*i/ial sub.ittal * t2e e+tire baseli+e deter.i+ati*+0 E!A illatte.3t t* re-ie a+d a33r*-e, disa33r*-e *r *t2erise /*..e+t *+ t2e3etiti*+, et/0, 3ri*r t* t2e deadli+e *r baseli+e sub.ittal0 iii; I+ t2e e-e+t t2at E!A d*es +*t /*..e+t *+ t2e 3etiti*+ 3ri*rt* t2e deadli+e *r baseli+e sub.ittal, t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter .uststill /*.3ly it2 t2e a33li/able baseli+e sub.ittal deadli+e0 4; I a baseli+e re/al/ulati*+ is re5uired 3er 'e/0 &%091;,d*/u.e+tati*+ a+d re/al/ulati*+ * all ae/ted baseli+es s2all besub.itted t* E!A it2i+ C% days * t2e 3re-i*us baseli+es; be/*.i+gi+a//urate due t* t2e /ir/u.sta+/es *utli+ed i+ 'e/0 &%091;0 b; 'ub.issi*+ /*+te+t0 1; I+di-idual baseli+e sub.issi*+s s2alli+/lude, at .i+i.u., t2e i+*r.ati*+ s3e/iied i+ t2is 3aragra32 b;0 i; 8uri+g its re-ie a+d e-aluati*+ * t2e baseli+e sub.issi*+,E!A .ay re5uire a rei+er *r i.3*rter t* sub.it additi*+al i+*r.ati*+i+ su33*rt * t2e baseli+e deter.i+ati*+0 ii; Additi*+al i+*r.ati*+ 2i/2 .ay assist E!A duri+g its re-iea+d e-aluati*+ * t2e baseli+e .ay be i+/luded at t2e sub.itter?sdis/reti*+0



@; Ad.i+istrati-e i+*r.ati*+ s2all i+/lude: i; Na.e a+d busi+ess address * t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter ii; Na.e, busi+ess address a+d busi+ess 32*+e +u.ber * t2e/*.3a+y /*+ta/t

iii; Address a+d 32ysi/al l*/ati*+ * ea/2 rei+ery, ter.i+al *ri.3*rt a/ility

i-; Address a+d 32ysi/al l*/ati*+ 2ere d*/u.e+ts 2i/2 aresu33*rti-e * t2e baseli+e deter.i+ati*+ *r ea/2 a/ility are e3t C; T2e /2ie ee/uti-e *i/er state.e+t s2all be: i; A state.e+t sig+ed by t2e /2ie ee/uti-e *i/er * t2e/*.3a+y, *r desig+ee, 2i/2 states t2at: A; T2e /*.3a+y is /*.3lyi+g it2 t2e re5uire.e+ts as a rei+er,ble+der *r i.3*rter, as a33r*3riate

; T2e data used i+ t2e baseli+e deter.i+ati*+ is t2e ete+t *t2e data a-ailable *r t2e deter.i+ati*+ * all re5uired baseli+e uel3ara.eters

"; All /al/ulati*+s a+d 3r*/edures *ll*ed 3er 'e/s0 &%09%t2r*ug2 &%09C 2a-e bee+ d*+e /*rre/tly 8; !r*3er adust.e+ts 2a-e bee+ .ade t* t2e data *r i+ t2e/al/ulati*+s, as a33li/able

E; T2e re5uire.e+ts a+d i+te+ti*+s * t2e rule.ai+g 2a-e bee+ .eti+ deter.i+i+g t2e baseli+e uel 3ara.eters a+d F; T2e baseli+e uel 3ara.eter -alues deter.i+ed *r ea/2 a/ilityre3rese+t t2at a/ility?s 199% gas*li+e t* t2e ullest ete+t 3*ssible0 ii; A rei+er *r i.3*rter 2i/2 is 3er.itted t* utili7e t2e3ara.eter -alues s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%091/;=;, a+d d*es s*, s2allsub.it a state.e+t sig+ed by t2e /2ie ee/uti-e *i/er * t2e/*.3a+y, *r desig+ee, i+di/ati+g t2at i+sui/ie+t data eist *r abaseli+e deter.i+ati*+ by t2e ty3es * data all*ed *r t2at e+tity, ass3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%0910

4; T2e audit*r(related re5uire.e+ts are: i; Na.e, address, tele32*+e +u.ber a+d date * 2ire * ea/2audit*r 2ired *r baseli+e -erii/ati*+, 2et2er *r +*t t2e audit*r asretai+ed t2r*ug2 t2e baseli+e a33r*-al 3r*/ess0 ii; Ide+tii/ati*+ * t2e audit*r res3*+sible *r t2e-erii/ati*+0 A /*3y * t2is audit*r?s 5ualii/ati*+ state.e+t, 3er'e/0 &%09@, .ust be i+/luded i t2e audit*r 2as +*t bee+ a33r*-ed byE!A, 3er 'e/0 &%09@

iii; I+di/ati*+ * t2e 3ri.ary a+alysts; i+-*l-ed i+ ea/2



rei+ery?s baseli+e -erii/ati*+ a+d

i-; T2e sig+ed audit*r -erii/ati*+ state.e+t, 3er 'e/0 &%09@0 =; T2e *ll*i+g baseli+e i+*r.ati*+ *r ea/2 rei+ery, rei+er*r i.3*rter, as a33li/able, s2all be 3r*-ided:

i; I+di-idual baseli+e uel 3ara.eter -alues, *+ a+ *yge+ated a+d+*+(*yge+ated basis, a+d *+ a su..er a+d i+ter basis, 3er 'e/0 &%091 ii; I+di-idual baseli+e e2aust e.issi*+s s2all be s2*+se3arately, *+ a su..er, i+ter a+d a++ual a-erage basis 3er'e/0 &%09%; as *ll*s:

A; 'i.3le .*del e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s ; "*.3le .*del e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s "; "*.3le .*del e2aust t*i/s e.issi*+s, *r !2ase I 8; "*.3le .*del e2aust NOJINFK e.issi*+s, *r !2ase I, usi+g*yge+ated i+di-idual baseli+e uel 3ara.eters E; "*.3le .*del e2aust NOJINFK e.issi*+s, *r !2ase I, usi+g+*+(*yge+ated i+di-idual baseli+e uel 3ara.eters F; "*.3le .*del e2aust t*i/s e.issi*+s, *r !2ase II #; "*.3le .*del e2aust NOJINFK e.issi*+s, *r !2ase II, usi+g*yge+ated i+di-idual baseli+e uel 3ara.eters a+d D; "*.3le .*del e2aust NOJINFK e.issi*+s, *r !2ase II, usi+g+*+(*yge+ated i+di-idual baseli+e uel 3ara.eters iii; I+di-idual 199% baseli+e gas*li+e -*lu.es, 3er 'e/0 &%091,s2all be s2*+ se3arately *+ a su..er, i+ter a+d a++ual a-erage basisa+d

i-; le+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati*s *r ea/2 /ale+dar year 199%t2r*ug2 t* 199C, 3er 'e/0 &%01%@0

6; "*+ide+tiality /lai.0

i; 3*+ a33r*-al * a+ i+di-idual baseli+e, E!A ill 3ublis2 t2ei+di-idual sta+dards *r ea/2 rei+ery, ble+der *r i.3*rter i+ t2eFederal Register0 'u/2 i+*r.ati*+ s2all i+/lude baseli+e e.issi*+s ass3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%09% a+d 1@= * t2e i+di-idual baseli+e -alues *rsulur, *lei+s a+d T9%0

ii; I+*r.ati*+ i+ t2e baseli+e sub.issi*+ 2i/2 t2e sub.itterdesires be /*+sidered /*+ide+tial busi+ess i+*r.ati*+ 3er 4% "FR3art @, sub3art ; .ust be /learly ide+tiied0 I+*r.ati*+ s3e/iied i+3aragra32 b;=; * t2is se/ti*+ s2all +*t be /*+sidered /*+ide+tial0 ); I+*r.ati*+ related t* baseli+e deter.i+ati*+ as s3e/iied i+'e/0 &%091 a+d 3aragra32 /; * t2is se/ti*+0 /; Additi*+al baseli+e sub.issi*+ re5uire.e+ts 2e+ Met2*d 1(, @(a+dL*r C(ty3e data is utili7ed0 All re5uire.e+ts * t2is 3aragra32s2all be re3*rted se3arately *r ea/2 a/ility, u+less t2e a/ilities



are /l*sely i+tegrated, 3er 'e/0 &%0910 1; #e+eral0 T2e *ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+ s2all be 3r*-ided: i; T2e +u.ber * .*+t2s i+ 199% duri+g 2i/2 t2e a/ility as*3erati+g

ii; 199% su..er gas*li+e 3r*du/ti*+ -*lu.e, 3er 'e/0 &%091, t*tala+d by grade, *r all gas*li+e 3r*du/ed but +*t e3*rted iii; 199% i+ter gas*li+e 3r*du/ti*+ -*lu.e, 3er 'e/0 &%091, t*tala+d by grade, *r all gas*li+e 3r*du/ed, e/ludi+g gas*li+e e3*rteda+d

i-; B2et2er t2is a/ility is a/tually t* a/ilities 2i/2 are/l*sely i+tegrated, 3er 'e/0 &%0910

@; aseli+e -alues0 T2e *ll*i+g s2all be i+/luded *r ea/2 uel3ara.eter *r 2i/2 a baseli+e -alue is re5uired, 3er 'e/0 &%091: i; Narrati-e * t2e de-el*3.e+t * t2e baseli+e -alue * t2e uel3ara.eter, i+/ludi+g dis/ussi*+ * t2e sa.3li+g a+d /al/ulati*+.et2*d*l*gies, te/2+i/al udg.e+t used, ee/ts * 3etiti*+ results *+/al/ulated -alues, a+d a+y additi*+al i+*r.ati*+ 2i/2 .ay assist E!Ai+ its re-ie * t2e baseli+e

ii; Ide+tii/ati*+ * t2e data(ty3es;, 3er 'e/0 &%091, used i+t2e deter.i+ati*+ * a gi-e+ uel 3ara.eter iii; Ide+tii/ati*+ * test .et2*d0 I +*t 3er 'e/0 &%046, i+/ludea +arrati-e, e3lai+ diere+/es a+d des/ribi+g ade5ua/y, 3er'e/0 &%091

i-; 8*/u.e+tati*+ t2at t2e .i+i.u. sa.3li+g re5uire.e+ts 3er'e/0 &%091 2a-e bee+ .et

-; !etiti*+ a+d +arrati-e, i +eeded, *r use * less t2a+ t2e.i+i.u. re5uired data, 3er 'e/0 &%091 -i; Ide+tii/ati*+ * i+sta+/es * sa.3le /*.3*siti+g 3er'e/0 &%091

-ii; Ide+tii/ati*+ * strea.s *r 2i/2 *+e *r .*re 3ara.eter-alues ere dee.ed +egligible 3er 'e/0 &%091 a+d -iii; 8is/ussi*+ * t2e /al/ulati*+ * *yge+ated *r +*+*yge+ateduel 3ara.eter -alues r*. +*+(*yge+ated *r *yge+ated-alues, res3e/ti-ely, 3er 'e/0 &%0910

C; Met2*d 10 I Met2*d 1(ty3e data is utili7ed i+ t2e baseli+edeter.i+ati*+, t2e *ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+ *+ 199% bat/2es * gas*li+e,*r s2i3.e+ts i +*t bat/2 ble+ded, are re5uired by grade s2all be3r*-ided:



i; First a+d last sa.3li+g dates ii; T2e *ll*i+g s2all be i+di/ated se3arately *+ a su..er a+di+ter basis, by .*+t2:

A; Nu.ber * .*+t2s sa.3led

; Nu.ber * 199% bat/2es, *r s2i3.e+ts i +*t bat/2 ble+ded "; T*tal -*lu.e * all bat/2es *r s2i3.e+ts 8; Nu.ber * bat/2es *r s2i3.e+ts sa.3led E; T*tal -*lu.e * all bat/2es *r s2i3.e+ts sa.3led F; aseli+e uel 3ara.eter -alue, 3er 'e/0 &%091 a+d iii; A s2*i+g t2at data as a-ailable *+ e-ery bat/2 * 199%gas*li+e, i a33li/able, 3er 'e/0 &%091 b;C; *r b;4;0 4; Met2*d @0 I Met2*d @(ty3e data is utili7ed i+ t2e baseli+edeter.i+ati*+, t2e *ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+ *+ ea/2 ty3e * 199%ble+dst*/ used i+ t2e rei+ery?s gas*li+e are re5uired, by ble+dst*/ty3e s2all be 3r*-ided:

i; First a+d last sa.3li+g dates a+d ii; T2e *ll*i+g s2all be i+di/ated se3arately *+ a su..er a+di+ter basis, by .*+t2:

A; Nu.ber * .*+t2s sa.3led

; Ea/2 ty3e * ble+dst*/ used i+ 199% gas*li+e a+d t*tal +u.ber* ble+dst*/s0 I+/lude all ble+dst*/s 3r*du/ed, 3ur/2ased *r*t2erise re/ei-ed 2i/2 ere ble+ded t* 3r*du/e gas*li+e it2i+ t2ea/ility0 Ide+tiy all ble+dst*/s +*t 3r*du/ed i+ t2e a/ility butused i+ t2e a/ility?s 199% gas*li+e

"; T*tal -*lu.e * ea/2 ble+dst*/ used i+ gas*li+e i+ 199% 8; Ide+tii/ati*+ * ble+dst*/ strea.s as bat/2 *r /*+ti+u*us E; Nu.ber * ble+dst*/ sa.3les r*. /*+ti+u*us ble+dst*/strea.s

F; Nu.ber * ble+dst*/ sa.3les r*. bat/2 3r*/esses, i+/ludi+g-*lu.e * ea/2 bat/2 sa.3led a+d

#; aseli+e uel 3ara.eter -alue, 3er 'e/0 &%0910 =; Met2*d C, ble+dst*/ data0 T2e *ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+ *+ ea/2ty3e * 3*st(199% gas*li+e ble+dst*/ used i+ t2e rei+ery?s gas*li+eare re5uired, by ble+dst*/ ty3e s2all be 3r*-ided: i; First a+d last sa.3li+g dates ii; T2e *ll*i+g s2all be i+di/ated se3arately *+ a su..er a+di+ter basis, by .*+t2:

A; Nu.ber * 3*st(199% .*+t2s sa.3led



; Ea/2 ty3e * ble+dst*/ used i+ 199% gas*li+e a+d t*tal +u.ber* ble+dst*/s0 I+/lude all ble+dst*/s 3r*du/ed, 3ur/2ased *r*t2erise re/ei-ed 2i/2 ere ble+ded t* 3r*du/e gas*li+e it2i+ t2ea/ility0 Ide+tiy all ble+dst*/s +*t 3r*du/ed i+ t2e a/ility butused i+ t2e a/ility?s 199% gas*li+e

"; T*tal -*lu.e * ea/2 ble+dst*/ used i+ gas*li+e i+ 199% 8; Ide+tii/ati*+ * 3*st(199% ble+dst*/ strea.s as bat/2 *r/*+ti+u*us

E; Nu.ber * 3*st(199% ble+dst*/ sa.3les r*. /*+ti+u*usble+dst*/ strea.s

F; Nu.ber * 3*st(199% ble+dst*/ sa.3les r*. bat/2 3r*/esses,i+/ludi+g -*lu.e * ea/2 bat/2 sa.3led a+d #; aseli+e uel 3ara.eter -alue, 3er 'e/0 &%091 a+d iii; 'u33*rt d*/u.e+tati*+ s2*i+g t2at t2e /riteria * 'e/0 &%091*r usi+g Met2*d C(ty3e ble+dst*/ data are .et0 6; Met2*d C, 3*st(199% gas*li+e data0 T2e *ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+ *+3*st(199% bat/2es * gas*li+e, *r s2i3.e+ts i +*t bat/2 ble+ded, arere5uired by grade:

i; First a+d last sa.3li+g dates ii; T2e *ll*i+g s2all be i+di/ated se3arately *r su..er a+di+ter 3r*du/ti*+, by .*+t2:

A; Nu.ber * 3*st(199% .*+t2s sa.3led ; Nu.ber * 3*st(199% bat/2es, *r s2i3.e+ts i +*t bat/2 ble+ded "; T*tal -*lu.e * all 3*st(199% bat/2es *r s2i3.e+ts 8; Nu.ber * 3*st(199% bat/2es *r s2i3.e+ts sa.3led E; V*lu.e * ea/2 3*st(199% bat/2 *r s2i3.e+t sa.3led a+d F; aseli+e uel 3ara.eter -alue, 3er 'e/0 &%091 a+d iii; 'u33*rt d*/u.e+tati*+ s2*i+g t2at t2e /riteria * 'e/0 &%091*r usi+g 3*st(199% gas*li+e data are .et0 ); B*r(i+(3r*gress BI!;0 All * t2e *ll*i+g .ust be i+/ludedi+ su33*rt * a BI! adust.e+t 3er 'e/0 &%091e;=;;: i; !etiti*+ i+/ludi+g ide+tii/ati*+ * t2e s3e/ii/ baseli+ee.issi*+s; *r 3ara.eter *r 2i/2 t2e BI! adust.e+t is desired ii; '2*i+g t2at all BI! /riteria, 3er 'e/0 &%091e;=;, are .et iii; +adusted a+d adusted baseli+e uel 3ara.eters, e.issi*+sa+d -*lu.e *r t2e a/ility a+d

i-; Narrati-e, 3er 'e/0 &%091 e;=;0 &; Ete+uati+g /ir/u.sta+/es0 All * t2e *ll*i+g .ust bei+/luded i+ su33*rt * a+ ete+uati+g /ir/u.sta+/e adust.e+t 3er'e/0 &%091 e;6; t2r*ug2 e;);;:



i; !etiti*+ i+/ludi+g ide+tii/ati*+ * t2e all*able/ir/u.sta+/e, 3er 'e/0 &%091 e;6; t2r*ug2 e;); ii; '2*i+g t2at all a33li/able /riteria, 3er 'e/0 &%091 e;6;t2r*ug2 e;);, are .et

iii; +adusted a+d adusted baseli+e uel 3ara.eters, e.issi*+sa+d -*lu.e *r t2e a/ility a+d

i-; Narrati-e, 3er 'e/0 &%0910

9; Ot2er baseli+e i+*r.ati*+0 Narrati-e dis/ussi+g a+y as3e/ts *t2e baseli+e deter.i+ati*+ +*t already i+di/ated 3er t2e re5uire.e+ts* t2is 3aragra32 /; s2all be 3r*-ided0 1%; Rei+ery i+*r.ati*+0 T2e *ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+, *+ a su..er*r i+ter basis, s2all be 3r*-ided:

i; Rei+ery bl*/ l* diagra., s2*i+g 3ri+/i3al rei+i+g u+its ii; !ri+/i3al rei+i+g u+it /2arge rates a+d /a3a/ities iii; "rude ty3es utili7ed +a.es, gra-ities, a+d sulur /*+te+t;a+d /rude /2arge rates a+d

i-; I+*r.ati*+ *+ t2e *ll*i+g u+its, i utili7ed i+ t2erei+ery:

A; "atalyti/ "ra/i+g +it: /*+-ersi*+, u+it yields, gas*li+e uel3ara.eter -alues 3er 'e/0 &%091a;@;; ; Dydr*/ra/i+g +it: u+it yields, gas*li+e uel 3ara.eter -alues3er 'e/0 &%091a;@;;

"; "atalyti/ Re*r.er: u+it yields, se-erities 8; *tt*.s !r*/essi+g +its i+/ludi+g, but +*t li.ited t*,/*i+g, etra/ti*+ a+d 2ydr*ge+ 3r*/essi+g;: gas*li+e strea. yields E; $ield stru/tures *r *t2er 3ri+/i3al u+its i+ t2e rei+eryi+/ludi+g but +*t li.ited t* Alylati*+, !*ly.eri7ati*+,Is*.eri7ati*+, Et2erii/ati*+, 'tea. "ra/i+g;0

'e/s0 &%094(&%01%% [Reser-ed]

'e/0 &%01%1 'ta+dards a33li/able t* rei+ers a+d i.3*rters0

A+y rei+er *r i.3*rter * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e s2all .eet t2esta+dards s3e/iied i+ t2is se/ti*+ *-er t2e s3e/iied a-eragi+g3eri*d, begi++i+g *+ <a+uary 1, 199=0

a; A-eragi+g 3eri*d0 T2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d *r t2e sta+dards



s3e/iied i+ t2is se/ti*+ s2all be <a+uary 1 t2r*ug2 8e/e.ber C10 b; "*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e /*.3lia+/e sta+dards((1; 'i.3le .*delsta+dards0 T2e si.3le .*del sta+dards are t2e *ll*i+g: i; A++ual a-erage e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s, /al/ulated a//*rdi+gt* 3aragra32 g;1;i; * t2is se/ti*+, s2all +*t e/eed t2e rei+er?s

*r i.3*rter?s /*.3lia+/e baseli+e *r e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s ii; A++ual a-erage le-els * sulur s2all +*t e/eed 1@= * t2erei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s /*.3lia+/e baseli+e *r sulur iii; A++ual a-erage le-els * *lei+s s2all +*t e/eed 1@= * t2erei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s /*.3lia+/e baseli+e *r *lei+s a+d i-; A++ual a-erage -alues * T(9% s2all +*t e/eed 1@= * t2erei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s /*.3lia+/e baseli+e *r T(9%0 @; O3ti*+al /*.3le .*del sta+dards0 A++ual a-erage le-els *e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s, eig2ted by -*lu.e *r ea/2 bat/2 a+d/al/ulated usi+g t2e a33li/able /*.3le .*del u+der 'e/0 &%04=, s2all+*t e/eed t2e rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s 199% a-erage e2aust be+7e+ee.issi*+s0

C; "*.3le .*del sta+dards0 A++ual a-erage le-els * e2austt*i/s e.issi*+s a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s, eig2ted by -*lu.e *r ea/2bat/2 a+d /al/ulated usi+g t2e a33li/able /*.3le .*del u+der'e/0 &%04=, s2all +*t e/eed t2e rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s 199% a-eragee2aust t*i/s e.issi*+s a+d NOJINFK e.issi*+s, res3e/ti-ely0 /; A33li/ability * sta+dards0 1; F*r ea/2 a-eragi+g 3eri*d 3ri*rt* <a+uary 1, 199&, a rei+er *r i.3*rter s2all be sube/t t* eit2ert2e 'i.3le M*del *r O3ti*+al "*.3le M*del 'ta+dards, at t2eir *3ti*+,e/e3t t2at a+y rei+er *r i.3*rter s2all be sube/t t*: i; T2e 'i.3le M*del 'ta+dards i t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter uses t2e'i.3le M*del 'ta+dards *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e *r ii; T2e O3ti*+al "*.3le M*del 'ta+dards i t2e rei+er *ri.3*rter used t2e "*.3le M*del 'ta+dards *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e0 @; egi++i+g <a+uary 1, 199&, ea/2 rei+er a+d i.3*rter s2all besube/t t* t2e "*.3le M*del 'ta+dards *r ea/2 a-eragi+g 3eri*d0 d; !r*du/t t* 2i/2 sta+dards a33ly0 A+y rei+er *r ea/2rei+ery, *r a+y i.3*rter, s2all i+/lude i+ its /*.3lia+/e/al/ulati*+s:

1; A+y /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted duri+g t2ea-eragi+g 3eri*d

@; A+y +*+(gas*li+e 3etr*leu. 3r*du/ts t2at are 3r*du/ed *ri.3*rted a+d s*ld *r tra+serred r*. t2e rei+ery *r gr*u3 *rei+eries *r i.3*rter duri+g t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d, i re5uired3ursua+t t* 'e/0 &%01%@e;@;, u+less t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter is ablet* establis2 i+ t2e *r. * d*/u.e+tati*+ t2at t2e 3etr*leu. 3r*du/tsere used *r a 3ur3*se *t2er t2a+ t2e 3r*du/ti*+ * gas*li+e it2i+t2e +ited 'tates



C; A+y gas*li+e ble+di+g st*/ 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted duri+g t2ea-eragi+g 3eri*d 2i/2 be/*.es /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e s*lely u3*+ t2eadditi*+ * *yge+ate

4;i; A+y *yge+ate t2at is added t* /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e, *rgas*li+e ble+di+g st*/ as des/ribed i+ 3aragra32 d;C; * t2isse/ti*+, 2ere su/2 gas*li+e *r gas*li+e ble+di+g st*/ is 3r*du/ed *ri.3*rted duri+g t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d

ii; I+ t2e /ase * *yge+ate t2at is added at a 3*i+t d*+strea.* t2e rei+ery *r i.3*rt a/ility, t2e *yge+ate .ay be i+/luded *+lyi t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter /a+ establis2 t2e *yge+ate as i+ a/tadded t* t2e gas*li+e *r gas*li+e ble+dst*/ 3r*du/ed, by s2*i+g t2att2e *yge+ate as added by:

A; T2e rei+er *r i.3*rter *r

; y a 3ers*+ *t2er t2a+ t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter, 3r*-ided t2att2e rei+er *r i.3*rter:

1; Das a /*+tra/t it2 t2e *yge+ate ble+der t2at s3e/iies3r*/edures t* be *ll*ed by t2e *yge+ate ble+der t2at are reas*+ably/al/ulated t* e+sure ble+di+g it2 t2e a.*u+t a+d ty3e * *yge+ate/lai.ed by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter a+d @; M*+it*rs t2e *yge+ate ble+di+g *3erati*+ t* e+sure t2e -*lu.ea+d ty3e * *yge+ate /lai.ed by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter is /*rre/t,t2r*ug2 3eri*di/ audits * t2e *yge+ate ble+der desig+ed t* assess2et2er t2e *-erall -*lu.es a+d ty3e * *yge+ate 3ur/2ased a+d used byt2e *yge+ate ble+der are /*+siste+t it2 t2e *yge+ate /lai.ed by t2erei+er *r i.3*rter a+d t2at t2is *yge+ate as ble+ded it2 t2erei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s gas*li+e *r ble+di+g st*/, 3eri*di/ sa.3li+ga+d testi+g * t2e gas*li+e 3r*du/ed subse5ue+t t* *yge+ate ble+di+g,a+d 3eri*di/ i+s3e/ti*+s t* e+sure t2e /*+tra/tual re5uire.e+ts i.3*sedby t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter *+ t2e *yge+ate ble+der are bei+g .et0 e; !r*du/t t* 2i/2 sta+dards d* +*t a33ly0 A+y rei+er *r ea/2rei+ery, *r a+y i.3*rter, s2all e/lude r*. its /*.3lia+/e/al/ulati*+s:

1; #as*li+e t2at as +*t 3r*du/ed at t2e rei+ery *r as +*ti.3*rted by t2e i.3*rter

@; le+dst*/s t2at 2a-e bee+ i+/luded i+ a+*t2er rei+er?s/*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s, 3ursua+t t* 'e/0 &%01%@e;@; *r *t2erise C; #as*li+e t2at .eets t2e e+*r/e.e+t ee.3ti*+ *r "ali*r+iagas*li+e u+der 'e/0 &%0&1 a+d



4; #as*li+e t2at is e3*rted0

; "*.3lia+/e baseli+e deter.i+ati*+s0 1; I+ t2e /ase * a+yrei+er *r i.3*rter *r 2*. a+ i+di-idual baseli+e 2as bee+establis2ed u+der 'e/0 &%091, t2e i+di-idual baseli+e *r ea/2

3ara.eter *r e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e s2all be t2e /*.3lia+/e baseli+e *rt2at rei+er *r i.3*rter0

@; I+ t2e /ase * a+y rei+er *r i.3*rter *r 2*. t2e a+tidu.3i+gstatut*ry baseli+e a33lies u+der 'e/0 &%091, t2e a+ti(du.3i+gstatut*ry baseli+e *r ea/2 3ara.eter *r e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e s2all bet2e /*.3lia+/e baseli+e *r t2at rei+er *r i.3*rter0 C; I+ t2e /ase * a 3arty t2at is b*t2 a rei+er a+d a+ i.3*rter,a+d *r 2*. a+ i+di-idual 199% baseli+e 2as +*t bee+ establis2ed *rt2e i.3*rted 3r*du/t u+der 'e/0 &%091b;4;, t2e /*.3lia+/e baseli+e*r t2e i.3*rted 3r*du/t s2all be t2e 199% -*lu.e eig2ted a-erage *all * t2e rei+er?s i+di-idual rei+ery baseli+es0 4; A+y /*.3lia+/e baseli+e u+der 3aragra32 ; 1; *r C; * t2isse/ti*+ s2all be adusted *r ea/2 a-eragi+g 3eri*d as *ll*s: i; T2e 199% e5ui-ale+t /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e -*lu.e *r a+a-eragi+g 3eri*d is /al/ulated a//*rdi+g t* t2e *ll*i+g *r.ula:

J#RA!DI"KJTIF@1KTR16FE940%@1

2ere

VJINFKe5t2e 199% e5ui-ale+t /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e -*lu.eVJINFK199%t2e 199% -*lu.e * gas*li+e as deter.i+ed u+der'e/0 &%091;1;

VJINFKrt2e t*tal -*lu.e * re*r.ulated gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rtedby a rei+er *r i.3*rter duri+g t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d e/ludi+g gas*li+e2i/2 .eets t2e e+*r/e.e+t ee.3ti*+s * 'e/0 &%0&1VJINFK/t2e t*tal -*lu.e * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rtedby a rei+er *r i.3*rter duri+g t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d e/ludi+g gas*li+e2i/2 .eets t2e e+*r/e.e+t ee.3ti*+s * 'e/0 &%0&1

ii;A; I t2e t*tal -*lu.e * t2e /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e 3r*du/ed*r i.3*rted by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter duri+g t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d ise5ual t* *r less t2a+ t2at rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s 199% e5ui-ale+t/*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e -*lu.e, t2e /*.3lia+/e baseli+e *r ea/23ara.eter s2all be t2at rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s i+di-idual 199%baseli+e *r

; I t2e t*tal -*lu.e * t2e /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *ri.3*rted by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter is greater t2a+ t2at rei+er?s *ri.3*rter?s 199% e5ui-ale+t /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e -*lu.e, t2e /*.3lia+/e



baseli+e *r ea/2 3ara.eter *r e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e s2all be/al/ulated a//*rdi+g t* t2e *ll*i+g *r.ula:

J#RA!DI"KJTIF@@KTR16FE940%@@

2ere

"JINFKit2e /*.3lia+/e baseli+e -alue *r 3ara.eter *r e.issi*+s3r*du/t i

JINFKit2e rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s i+di-idual baseli+e -alue *r3ara.eter i /al/ulated a//*rdi+g t* t2e .et2*d*l*gy i+ 'e/0 &%091VJINFKe5t2e 199% e5ui-ale+t /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e -*lu.e *r t2ea-eragi+g 3eri*d, /al/ulated 3ursua+t t* 3aragra32 ;4;iii; * t2isse/ti*+

8JINFKit2e a+ti(du.3i+g statut*ry baseli+e -alue *r 3ara.eter i, ass3e/iied at 'e/0 &%091/;=;

VJINFK/t2e t*tal -*lu.e * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e a+d *t2er 3r*du/tsi+/luded u+der 3aragra32 d; * t2is se/ti*+ 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted by arei+er *r i.3*rter duri+g t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d

g; "*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s0 1; I+ t2e /ase * a+y rei+er *ri.3*rter sube/t t* a+ i+di-idual rei+ery baseli+e, t2e a++ual a-erage-alue *r ea/2 3ara.eter *r e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e duri+g t2e a-eragi+g3eri*d, /al/ulated a//*rdi+g t* t2e *ll*i+g .et2*d*l*gies, s2all beless t2a+ *r e5ual t* t2e rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s sta+dard u+der3aragra32 b; * t2is se/ti*+ *r t2at 3ara.eter0 i; E2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s u+der t2e 'i.3le M*del *r a+a-eragi+g 3eri*d are /al/ulated as *ll*s:

EDEN10&&4Q%0949 H;Q%011C AR(H;;

2ere

EDENt2e a-erage e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s *r t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*dHt2e a-erage be+7e+e /*+te+t *r t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d

ARt2e a-erage ar*.ati/s /*+te+t *r t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d

ii; T2e a-erage -alue *r ea/2 3ara.eter *r a+ a-eragi+g 3eri*ds2all be /al/ulated as *ll*s:

J#RA!DI"KJTIF@CKTR16FE940%@C

2ere



A!ARMt2e a-erage -alue *r t2e 3ara.eter bei+g e-aluatedVJINFKit2e -*lu.e * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e a+d *t2er 3r*du/ts i+/ludedu+der 3aragra32 d; * t2is se/ti*+, i+ bat/2 i!ARMJINFKit2e -alue * t2e 3ara.eter bei+g e-aluated *r bat/2 i asdeter.i+ed i+ a//*rda+/e it2 t2e test .et2*ds s3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%046

+t2e +u.ber * bat/2es * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e a+d *t2er 3r*du/tsi+/luded u+der 3aragra32 d; * t2is se/ti*+ 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rtedduri+g t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d

'#J'!Kis3e/ii/ gra-ity * bat/2 i *+ly a33li/able *r 3r*3ertiesdeter.i+ed *+ a eig2t 3er/e+t *r 33. basis;

iii; E2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e *r ea/2 bat/2 s2all be/al/ulated i+ a//*rda+/e it2 t2e a33li/able .*del u+der 'e/0 &%04=0 i-; E2aust t*i/s e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e *r ea/2 bat/2 s2all be/al/ulated i+ a//*rda+/e it2 t2e a33li/able .*del u+der 'e/0 &%04=0 -; E2aust NOJINFK e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e *r ea/2 bat/2 s2all be/al/ulated i+ a//*rda+/e it2 t2e a33li/able .*del u+der 'e/0 &%04=0 @; I+ t2e /ase * a+y rei+er *r i.3*rter sube/t t* t2e a+tidu.3i+gstatut*ry baseli+e, t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter s2all deter.i+e/*.3lia+/e usi+g t2e *ll*i+g .et2*d*l*gy: i; "al/ulate t2e /*.3lia+/e t*tal *r t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d *rsulur, T(9%, *lei+s, e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s, e2aust t*i/s a+de2aust NOJINFK e.issi*+s, as a33li/able, based u3*+ t2e a+ti(du.3i+gstatut*ry baseli+e -alue *r t2at 3ara.eter usi+g t2e *r.ula s3e/iiedat 'e/0 &%06)0

ii; "al/ulate t2e a/tual t*tal *r t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d *rsulur, T(9%, *lei+s, e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s, e2aust t*i/s a+de2aust NOJINFK e.issi*+s, as a33li/able, based u3*+ t2e -alue * t2e3ara.eter *r ea/2 bat/2 * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e a+d gas*li+eble+dst*/s, i a33li/able, usi+g t2e *r.ula s3e/iied at 'e/0 &%06)0 iii; T2e a/tual t*tal *r e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s, e2austt*i/s a+d e2aust NOJINFK e.issi*+s, s2all +*t e/eed t2e /*.3lia+/et*tal, a+d t2e a/tual t*tals *r sulur, *lei+s a+d T(9% s2all +*te/eed 1@= * t2e /*.3lia+/e t*tals, as re5uired u+der t2e a33li/able.*del0

C; I+ t2e /ase * a+y bat/2 * gas*li+e t2at is 3r*du/ed by/*.bi+i+g ble+dst*/ it2 gas*li+e, 2ere t2e gas*li+e 3*rti*+ * t2eble+d is +*t i+/luded i+ t2e /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+, t2e e.issi*+s3er*r.a+/e *r e2aust be+7e+e, e2aust t*i/s, a+d e2aust NOJINFKe.issi*+s *r t2e ble+dst*/ s2all be: i;A; T2e e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * a gas*li+e t2at *uld be3r*du/ed by /*.bi+i+g t2e ble+dst*/ used at t2e -*lu.e 3er/e+tageused, it2 a gas*li+e t2at 2as 3r*3erties t2at are e5ual t* t2erei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s a+ti(du.3i+g baseli+e .i+us



; T2e e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * a gas*li+e t2at 2as 3r*3ertiest2at are e5ual t* t2e rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s a+ti(du.3i+g baseli+e0 ii; T2e -*lu.e eig2ted +et e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e *r e2austbe+7e+e, e2aust t*i/s, a+d e2aust NOJINFK e.issi*+s, as a33li/able,*r all bat/2es * gas*li+e t2at are 3r*du/ed duri+g t2e a-eragi+g

3eri*d by /*.bi+i+g ble+dst*/ it2 gas*li+e, s2all be e5ual t* *r lesst2a+ 7er*0

iii; T2e -alue * t2*se 3r*3erties .easured *+ a eig2t 3er/e+t *r33. basis s2all be adusted *r t2e s3e/ii/ gra-ity * t2e gas*li+ea+d ble+dst*/s used *r t2e 3ur3*ses * /al/ulati*+s u+der 3aragra32g;C; * t2is se/ti*+0

i-; F*r ble+ds 2i/2 /*+tai+ greater t2a+ 10=% -*lu.e 3er/e+tet2a+*l, t2e RV! * t2e i+al ble+d s2all be 10% 3si greater t2a+ t2eRV! * t2e base gas*li+e a+d ble+dst*/s it2*ut t2e et2a+*l *r t2e3ur3*ses * /al/ulati*+s u+der 3aragra32 g;C; * t2is se/ti*+0 -; F*r ble+ds /*+tai+i+g less t2a+ 10=% -*lu.e 3er/e+t et2a+*l,t2e RV! * t2e base gas*li+e a+d ble+dst*/s it2*ut et2a+*l s2all beused *r t2e 3ur3*ses * /al/ulati*+s u+der 3aragra32 g;C; * t2isse/ti*+0

4; "*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s u+der t2is sub3art E s2all be based *+/*.3utati*+s t* t2e sa.e degree * a//ura/y t2at are s3e/iied i+establis2i+g i+di-idual baseli+es u+der 'e/0 &%0910 =; T2e e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * gas*li+e t2at 2as a+ RV! t2at ise5ual t* *r less t2a+ t2e RV! re5uired u+der 'e/0 &%0@) >>su..ergas*li+e??; s2all be deter.i+ed usi+g t2e a33li/able su..er /*.3le.*del u+der 'e/0 &%04=0

6; T2e e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e * gas*li+e t2at 2as a+ RV! greatert2a+ t2e RV! re5uired u+der 'e/0 &%0@) >>i+ter gas*li+e??; s2all bedeter.i+ed usi+g t2e a33li/able i+ter /*.3le .*del u+der 'e/0 &%04=,usi+g a+ RV! * &0) 3si *r /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+ 3ur3*ses u+der t2issub3art E0

);i; F*r t2e 199& a-eragi+g 3eri*d a+y rei+er *r i.3*rter .ayele/t t* deter.i+e /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e re5uire.e+t *r e2aust NOJINFKe.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e eit2er it2 *r it2*ut t2e i+/lusi*+ **yge+ates i+ its /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s, i+ a//*rda+/e it2'e/0 &%091e;4;, 3r*-ided t2at t2e baseli+e e2aust NOJINFK e.issi*+s3er*r.a+/e is /al/ulated usi+g t2e sa.e it2( *r it2*ut(*yge+a33r*a/20

ii;A; A+y rei+er *r i.3*rter .ust use t2e it2( *r it2*ut*yge+a33r*a/2 ele/ted u+der 3aragra32 g;);i; * t2is se/ti*+ *rall subse5ue+t a-eragi+g 3eri*ds e/e3t t2at



; I+ t2e /ase * a+y rei+er *r i.3*rter 2* ele/ts t* deter.i+es/*.3lia+/e *r t2e /ale+dar year 199& a-eragi+g 3eri*d it2*ut t2ei+/lusi*+ * *yge+ates, su/2 rei+er *r i.3*rter .ay ele/t t* i+/lude*yge+ates i+ its /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s *r t2e 1999 a-eragi+g3eri*d0

iii; A+y rei+er *r i.3*rter 2* ele/ts t* use t2e it2(*yge+a33r*a/2 u+der 3aragra32 g;);ii;; * t2is se/ti*+ .ust use t2isa33r*a/2 *r all subse5ue+t a-eragi+g 3eri*ds0 2; Rei+ery gr*u3i+g *r deter.i+i+g /*.3lia+/e0 1; A+y rei+ert2at *3erates .*re t2a+ *+e rei+ery .ay: i; Ele/t t* a/2ie-e /*.3lia+/e i+di-idually *r t2e rei+eries *r ii; Ele/t t* a/2ie-e /*.3lia+/e *+ a+ aggregate basis *r a gr*u3,*r *r gr*u3s, * rei+eries, s*.e * 2i/2 .ay be i+di-idualrei+eries 3r*-ided t2at

iii; "*.3lia+/e is a/2ie-ed *r ea/2 rei+ery se3arately *r as3art * a gr*u3 a+d

i-; T2e data *r a+y rei+ery is i+/luded *+ly i+ *+e /*.3lia+/e/al/ulati*+0

@; A+y ele/ti*+ by a rei+er t* gr*u3 rei+eries u+der 3aragra322;1; * t2is se/ti*+ s2all:

i; e .ade as 3art * t2e re3*rt *r t2e 199= a-eragi+g 3eri*dre5uired by 'e/0 &%01%=

ii; A33ly *r t2e 199= a-eragi+g 3eri*d a+d *r ea/2 subse5ue+ta-eragi+g 3eri*d, a+d .ay +*t t2ereater be /2a+ged a+d iii; A33ly *r 3ur3*ses * t2e ble+dst*/ tra/i+g a+d a//*u+ti+g3r*-isi*+s u+der 'e/0 &%01%@0

C;i; A+y sta+dards u+der t2is se/ti*+ s2all a33ly, a+d /*.3lia+/e/al/ulati*+s s2all be .ade, se3arately *r ea/2 rei+ery *r rei+erygr*u3 e/e3t t2at

ii; A+y rei+er t2at 3r*du/es /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e *rdistributi*+ t* a s3e/iied ge*gra32i/ area 2i/2 is t2e sube/t * a3etiti*+ a33r*-ed by E!A 3ursua+t t* 'e/0 &%091;C; s2all a/2ie-e/*.3lia+/e se3arately *r gas*li+e su33lied t* su/2 s3e/iiedge*gra32i/ area0

i; 'a.3li+g a+d testi+g0 1; A+y rei+er *r i.3*rter s2all *rea/2 bat/2 * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e, a+d *t2er 3r*du/ts i i+/luded3aragra32 d; * t2is se/ti*+, 3ri*r t* su/2 gas*li+e *r 3r*du/tlea-i+g t2e rei+ery *r i.3*rt a/ility:



iii; F"" +a32t2a

i-; e+7e+eLt*lue+eLyle+e

-; !yr*lysis gas

-i; Ar*.ati/s

-ii; !*lygas*li+e a+d

-iii; 8i.ate a+d

@; A+y gas*li+e ble+dst*/ it2 3r*3erties su/2 t2at, i *yge+ate*+ly is added t* t2e ble+dst*/ t2e resulti+g ble+d .eets t2edei+iti*+ * gas*li+e u+der 'e/0 &%0@/;, s2all be /*+sideredgas*li+e0

b;1; A+y rei+er *r i.3*rter * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e *rble+dst*/s s2all deter.i+e t2e baseli+e ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati**r ea/2 /ale+dar year 199% t2r*ug2 199C a//*rdi+g t* t2e *ll*i+g*r.ula:


B2ere:

#JINFKbyle+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati* *r base year VJINFKbsV*lu.e * a33li/able ble+dst*/ 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted a+dtra+serred t* *t2ers duri+g t2e /ale+dar year, a+d used i+ t* 3r*du/egas*li+e

VJINFKgV*lu.e * gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted duri+g t2e /ale+daryear

@;i; O+ly t2*se -*lu.es * a33li/able ble+dst*/s *r 2i/2 t2erei+er is able t* de.*+strate t2e ble+dst*/ as used i+ t2e3r*du/ti*+ * gas*li+e .ay be i+/luded i+ baseli+e ble+dst*/(t*gas*li+erati*s u+der 3aragra32 b;1; * t2is se/ti*+0 ii; T2e baseli+e -*lu.e data *r a33li/able ble+dst*/s a+dgas*li+e s2all be /*+ir.ed t2r*ug2 t2e baseli+e audit re5uire.e+tss3e/iied i+ 'e/0 &%09@ a+d sub.itted i+ a//*rda+/e it2 t2ere5uire.e+ts * 'e/0 &%09C0

/; A+y rei+er *r i.3*rter s2all /al/ulate t2e baseli+e /u.ulati-eble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati* a//*rdi+g t* t2e *ll*i+g *r.ula:



J#RA!DI"KJTIF@=KTR16FE940%@=

B2ere:

#"JINFKbaseaseli+e /u.ulati-e ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati*

VJINFKbs, iV*lu.e * a33li/able ble+dst*/ 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted a+dtra+serred t* *t2ers duri+g /ale+dar year iVJINFKg, iV*lu.e * gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted duri+g /ale+dar yeari

iea/2 year, 199% t2r*ug2 199C, *r 2i/2 a ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+erati* is /al/ulated u+der 3aragra32 b; * t2is se/ti*+

d;1; F*r ea/2 a-eragi+g 3eri*d, a+y rei+er *r i.3*rter s2all: i; 8eter.i+e t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati*a//*rdi+g t* t2e *ll*i+g *r.ula:


B2ere:

#JINFKale+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati* *r t2e /urre+t a-eragi+g 3eri*dVJINFKbsV*lu.e * a33li/able ble+dst*/ 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted duri+gt2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d a+d subse5ue+tly tra+serred t* *t2ersVJINFKgV*lu.e * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e, re*r.ulated gas*li+e, a+dRO 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted duri+g t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d

ii; F*r ea/2 a-eragi+g 3eri*d u+til <a+uary 1, 199&, /al/ulate t2e3ea year ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati* 3er/e+tage /2a+ge a//*rdi+g t*t2e *ll*i+g *r.ula:

J#RA!DI"KJTIF@)KTR16FE940%@)

B2ere:

!"JINFK3!ea year ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati* 3er/e+tage /2a+ge#JINFKale+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati* *r t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d/al/ulated u+der 3aragra32 d;1;i; * t2is se/ti*+#JINFK3argest *+e year ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati* /al/ulated u+der3aragra32 b; * t2is se/ti*+

@; egi++i+g *+ <a+uary 1, 199&, *r ea/2 a-eragi+g 3eri*d a+yrei+er *r i.3*rter s2all:

i; 8eter.i+e t2e ru++i+g /u.ulati-e /*.3lia+/e 3eri*d ble+dst*/t*(gas*li+e rati* a//*rdi+g t* t2e *ll*i+g *r.ula:



J#RA!DI"KJTIF@&KTR16FE940%@&

B2ere:

#"JINFK/*.3Ru++i+g /u.ulati-e /*.3lia+/e 3eri*d ble+dst*/(t*gas*li+e

rati*

VJINFKbs, iV*lu.e * a33li/able ble+dst*/ 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted a+dtra+serred t* *t2ers duri+g a-eragi+g 3eri*d iVJINFKg, iV*lu.e * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e, re*r.ulated gas*li+e, a+dRO 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted duri+g a-eragi+g 3eri*d iiT2e /urre+t a-eragi+g 3eri*d, a+d ea/2 * t2e t2ree i..ediately3re/edi+g a-eragi+g 3eri*ds

ii; "al/ulate t2e /u.ulati-e ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati*3er/e+tage /2a+ge a//*rdi+g t* t2e *ll*i+g *r.ula:


B2ere:

!"JINFK/"u.ulati-e ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati* 3er/e+tage /2a+ge#"JINFK/*.3Ru++i+g /u.ulati-e /*.3lia+/e 3eri*d ble+dst*/(t*gas*li+erati* as deter.i+ed i+ 3aragra32 d;@;i; * t2is se/ti*+#"JINFKbaseaseli+e /u.ulati-e ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati*/al/ulated u+der 3aragra32 /; * t2is se/ti*+

C; F*r 3ur3*ses * t2is 3aragra32 d;, all a33li/able ble+dst*/s3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted s2all be i+/luded, e/e3t t2*se *r 2i/2 t2erei+er *r i.3*rter 2as sui/ie+t e-ide+/e i+ t2e *r. *d*/u.e+tati*+ t2at t2e ble+dst*/s ere: i; E3*rted

ii; sed *r *t2er t2a+ gas*li+e ble+di+g 3ur3*ses iii; Tra+serred t* a rei+er t2at used t2e ble+dst*/ as a>>eedst*/?? i+ a rei+i+g 3r*/ess duri+g 2i/2 t2e ble+dst*/u+dere+t a substa+tial /2e.i/al *r 32ysi/al tra+s*r.ati*+ *r i-; Tra+serred betee+ rei+eries 2i/2 2a-e bee+ gr*u3ed3ursua+t t* 'e/0 &%01%12; by a rei+er *r t2e 3ur3*se * deter.i+i+g/*.3lia+/e u+der t2is sub3art0

e;1; A+y rei+er *r i.3*rter s2all 2a-e e/eeded t2e ble+dst*/t*(gas*li+e rati* 3er/e+tage /2a+ge t2res2*ld i: i; T2e 3ea year ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati* 3er/e+tage /2a+ge/al/ulated u+der 3aragra32 d;1;ii; * t2is se/ti*+ is .*re t2a+ te+*r



ii; egi++i+g *+ <a+uary 1, 199&, t2e /u.ulati-e ble+dst*/(t*gas*li+erati* 3er/e+tage /2a+ge /al/ulated u+der 3aragra32 d;@;ii;* t2is se/ti*+ is .*re t2a+ te+0

@; A+y rei+er *r i.3*rter t2at e/eeds t2e ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e

rati* 3er/e+tage /2a+ge t2res2*ld s2all, it2*ut urt2er +*tii/ati*+: i; I+/lude all ble+dst*/s 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted a+d tra+serred t**t2ers i+ its /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s *r t* a-eragi+g 3eri*dsbegi++i+g *+ <a+uary 1 * t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d subse5ue+t t* t2ea-eragi+g 3eri*d 2e+ t2e e/eeda+/e *//urs ii; !r*-ide tra+ser d*/u.e+ts t* t2e re/i3ie+t * su/2 ble+dst*/t2at /*+tai+ t2e la+guage s3e/iied at 'e/0 &%0 1%6b; a+d iii; Tra+ser su/2 ble+dst*/ i+ a .a++er su/2 t2at t2e ulti.ateble+der * su/2 ble+dst*/s 2as a reas*+able basis t* +* t2at su/2ble+dst*/ 2as bee+ a//*u+ted *r0

C; A+y rei+er *r i.3*rter t2at 2as 3re-i*usly e/eeded t2eble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati* 3er/e+tage /2a+ge t2res2*ld, a+dsubse5ue+tly e/eeds t2e t2res2*ld *r a+ a-eragi+g 3eri*d a+d is +*tgra+ted a ai-er 3ursua+t t* 3aragra32 ;@;i; * t2is se/ti*+,s2all, it2*ut urt2er +*tii/ati*+, .eet t2e re5uire.e+ts s3e/iied i+3aragra32s e;@; i; t2r*ug2 iii; * t2is se/ti*+ *r *ur a-eragi+g3eri*ds, begi++i+g *+ <a+uary 1 * t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d *ll*i+g t2ea-eragi+g 3eri*d 2e+ t2e subse5ue+t e/eeda+/e *//urs0 ;1; T2e rei+er *r i.3*rter ble+dst*/ a//*u+ti+g re5uire.e+tss3e/iied u+der 3aragra32 e; * t2is se/ti*+ s2all +*t a33ly i+ t2e/ase * a+y rei+er *r i.3*rter:

i; B2*se 199% baseli+e -alue *r ea/2 regulated uel 3r*3erty a+de.issi*+ 3er*r.a+/e, as deter.i+ed i+ a//*rda+/e it2 'e/s0 &%091 a+d&%09@, is less stri+ge+t t2a+ t2e a+ti(du.3i+g statut*ry baseli+e -alue*r t2at 3ara.eter *r e.issi*+s 3er*r.a+/e ii; B2*se a-eragi+g 3eri*d ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati*,/al/ulated a//*rdi+g t* 3aragra32 d;1;i; * t2is se/ti*+, is e5ualt* *r less t2a+ 0%C%% *r

iii; B2* *btai+s a ai-er r*. E!A, 3r*-ided t2at a 3etiti*+ *rsu/2 a ai-er is iled +* later t2a+ itee+ days *ll*i+g t2e e+d *t2e a-eragi+g 3eri*d *r 2i/2 t2e ble+dst*/(t*(gas*li+e rati*3er/e+tage /2a+ge t2res2*ld is e/eeded0 @;i; E!A .ay gra+t t2e ai-er reerred t* i+ 3aragra32;1;iii; * 2is se/ti*+ i t2e le-el * ble+dst*/ 3r*du/ti*+ ast2e result * etre.e *r u+usual /ir/u.sta+/es e0g0, a +aturaldisaster *r a/t * #*d; 2i/2 /learly are *utside t2e /*+tr*l * t2erei+er *r i.3*rter, a+d 2i/2 /*uld +*t 2a-e bee+ a-*ided by t2eeer/ise * 3rude+/e, dilige+/e, a+d due /are0 ii; A+y 3etiti*+ iled u+der 3aragra32 ; * t2is se/ti*+ s2all



i+/lude i+*r.ati*+ 2i/2 des/ribes t2e etre.e *r u+usual /ir/u.sta+/e2i/2 /aused t2e i+/reased -*lu.e * ble+dst*/ 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted,t2e ste3s tae+ t* a-*id t2e /ir/u.sta+/e, a+d t2e ste3s tae+ t*re.edy *r .itigate t2e ee/t * t2e /ir/u.sta+/e0 g; N*tit2sta+di+g t2e re5uire.e+ts * 3aragra32s a; t2r*ug2 ;

* t2is se/ti*+, a+y rei+er *r i.3*rter t2at tra+sers a33li/ableble+dst*/ t* a+*t2er rei+er *r i.3*rter it2 a less stri+ge+tbaseli+e re5uire.e+t, eit2er dire/tly *r i+dire/tly, *r t2e 3ur3*se *e-adi+g a .*re stri+ge+t baseli+e re5uire.e+t, s2all i+/lude su/2ble+dst*/s; i+ deter.i+i+g /*.3lia+/e it2 t2e a33li/ablere5uire.e+ts * t2is sub3art0

'e/0 &%01%C Registrati*+ * rei+ers a+d i.3*rters0

A+y rei+er *r i.3*rter * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e .ust register it2t2e Ad.i+istrat*r i+ a//*rda+/e it2 t2e 3r*-isi*+s s3e/iied at'e/0 &%0)60

'e/0 &%01%4 Re/*rd ee3i+g re5uire.e+ts0

A+y rei+er *r i.3*rter s2all .ai+tai+ re/*rds /*+tai+i+g t2ei+*r.ati*+ as re5uired by t2is se/ti*+0 a; egi++i+g i+ 199=, *r ea/2 a-eragi+g 3eri*d: 1; 8*/u.e+ts /*+tai+i+g t2e i+*r.ati*+ s3e/iied i+ 3aragra32a;@; * t2is se/ti*+ s2all be *btai+ed *r: i; Ea/2 bat/2 * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e, a+d ble+dst*/ ible+dst*/ a//*u+ti+g is re5uired u+der 'e/0 &%01%@e;@; *r ii; Ea/2 bat/2 * ble+dst*/ re/ei-ed i+ t2e /ase * a+y rei+ert2at deter.i+es /*.3lia+/e *+ t2e basis * ble+dst*/s 3r*3erties u+der'e/0 &%01%1g;C;0

@;i; T2e results * tests 3er*r.ed i+ a//*rda+/e it2'e/0 &%01%1i;

ii; T2e -*lu.e * t2e bat/2

iii; T2e bat/2 +u.ber

i-; T2e date * 3r*du/ti*+, i.3*rtati*+ *r re/ei3t -; T2e desig+ati*+ regardi+g 2et2er t2e bat/2 is su..er *r i+tergas*li+e

-i; T2e 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts *r a+y /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted



-ii; T2e 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts *r a+y /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+ere/ei-ed

-iii; F*r a+y gas*li+e ble+dst*/s re/ei-ed by *r tra+serred r*.a rei+er *r i.3*rter, d*/u.e+ts t2at rele/t:

A; T2e ide+tii/ati*+ * t2e 3r*du/t ; T2e date t2e 3r*du/t as tra+serred a+d "; T2e -*lu.e * 3r*du/t

i; I+ t2e /ase * a+y rei+ery(3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted 3r*du/tslisted i+ 'e/0 &%01%@a; t2at ere tra+serred *r *t2er t2a+ gas*li+eble+di+g 3ur3*ses, d*/u.e+ts 2i/2 de.*+strate t2at *t2er 3ur3*se a+d ; I+ t2e /ase * *yge+ate t2at is added by a 3ers*+ *t2er t2a+t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter u+der 'e/0 &%01%1d;4;ii;;, d*/u.e+ts t2atsu33*rt t2e -*lu.e * *yge+ate /lai.ed by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter,i+/ludi+g t2e /*+tra/t it2 t2e *yge+ate ble+der a+d re/*rds relati+gt* t2e audits, sa.3li+g a+d testi+g, a+d i+s3e/ti*+s * t2e *yge+ateble+der *3erati*+0

b; A+y rei+er *r i.3*rter s2all retai+ t2e d*/u.e+ts re5uired i+t2is se/ti*+ *r a 3eri*d * i-e years r*. t2e date t2e /*+-e+ti*+algas*li+e *r ble+dst*/ is 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted, a+d deli-er su/2d*/u.e+ts t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r * E!A u3*+ t2e Ad.i+istrat*r?s re5uest0

'e/0 &%01%= Re3*rti+g re5uire.e+ts0

a; egi++i+g it2 t2e 199= a-eragi+g 3eri*d, a+d *r ea/2subse5ue+t a-eragi+g 3eri*d, a+y rei+er *r ea/2 rei+ery *r gr*u3 *rei+eries at 2i/2 a+y /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e is 3r*du/ed, a+d a+yi.3*rter t2at i.3*rts a+y /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e, s2all sub.it t* t2e

Ad.i+istrat*r a re3*rt 2i/2 /*+tai+s t2e *ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+: 1; T2e t*tal gall*+s * /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *ri.3*rted

@; T2e t*tal gall*+s * a33li/able ble+dst*/s 3r*du/ed *ri.3*rted a+d tra+serred t* *t2ers

C; T2e t*tal gall*+s * ble+dst*/s i+/luded i+ /*.3lia+/e/al/ulati*+s 3ursua+t t* 'e/0 &%01%@e;@; 4; T2e a-erage e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s, sulur, *lei+s a+d T9%i usi+g t2e 'i.3le M*del e2aust be+7e+e e.issi*+s i usi+g t2e*3ti*+al "*.3le M*del *r e2aust t*i/ e.issi*+s a+d NOJINFKe.issi*+s i usi+g t2e "*.3le M*del, as a33li/able, /al/ulated i+a//*rda+/e it2 'e/0 &%01%1

=; T2e *ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+ *r ea/2 bat/2 * /*+-e+ti*+al



gas*li+e *r bat/2 * ble+dst*/ i+/luded u+der 3aragra32 a; * t2isse/ti*+:

i; T2e bat/2 +u.ber

ii; T2e date * 3r*du/ti*+

iii; T2e -*lu.e * t2e bat/2

i-; T2e grade * gas*li+e 3r*du/ed i0e0, 3re.iu., .id(grade, *rregular; a+d

-; T2e 3r*3erties, 3ursua+t t* 'e/0 &%01%1i; a+d 6; 'u/2 *t2er i+*r.ati*+ as E!A .ay re5uire0 b; T2e re3*rti+g re5uire.e+ts * 3aragra32 a; * t2is se/ti*+ d*+*t a33ly i+ t2e /ase * a+y /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e *r gas*li+eble+dst*/ t2at is e/luded r*. a rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s /*.3lia+/e/al/ulati*+ 3ursua+t t* 'e/0 &%01%1e;0 /; F*r ea/2 a-eragi+g 3eri*d, ea/2 rei+er a+d i.3*rter s2all/ause t* be sub.itted t* t2e Ad.i+istrat*r * E!A, by May C% * ea/2year, a re3*rt i+ a//*rda+/e it2 t2e re5uire.e+ts *r t2e AttestE+gage.e+ts * 'e/s0 &%01@= t2r*ug2 &%01C10 d; T2e re3*rt re5uired by 3aragra32 a; * t2is se/ti*+ s2all be: 1; 'ub.itted *+ *r.s a+d *ll*i+g 3r*/edures s3e/iied by t2e

Ad.i+istrat*r * E!A

@; 'ub.itted t* E!A by t2e last day * February ea/2 year *r t2e3ri*r /ale+dar year a-eragi+g 3eri*d a+d C; 'ig+ed a+d /ertiied as /*rre/t by t2e *+er *r a res3*+sible/*r3*rate *i/er * t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter0

'e/0 &%01%6 !r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts0

a;1; O+ ea/2 *//asi*+ 2e+ a+y 3ers*+ tra+sers /ust*dy *r titlet* a+y /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e, t2e tra+ser*r s2all 3r*-ide t* t2etra+seree d*/u.e+ts 2i/2 i+/lude t2e *ll*i+g i+*r.ati*+: i; T2e +a.e a+d address * t2e tra+ser*r ii; T2e +a.e a+d address * t2e tra+seree iii; T2e -*lu.e * gas*li+e bei+g tra+serred i-; T2e l*/ati*+ * t2e gas*li+e at t2e ti.e * t2e tra+ser -; T2e date * t2e tra+ser

-i; I+ t2e /ase * tra+ser*rs *r tra+serees 2* are rei+ers *ri.3*rters, t2e E!A(assig+ed registrati*+ +u.ber * t2*se 3ers*+s a+d -ii; T2e *ll*i+g state.e+t: >>T2is 3r*du/t d*es +*t .eet t2ere5uire.e+ts *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e, a+d .ay +*t be used i+ a+y



re*r.ulated gas*li+e /*-ered area0??

@; T2e re5uire.e+ts * 3aragra32 a;1; * t2is se/ti*+ a33ly t*3r*du/t t2at be/*.es gas*li+e u3*+ t2e additi*+ * *yge+ate *+ly0 b; O+ ea/2 *//asi*+ 2e+ a+y 3ers*+ tra+sers /ust*dy *r title t*

a+y ble+dst*/ t2at 2as bee+ i+/luded i+ t2e rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s/*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s u+der 'e/0 &%01%@e;@;, t2e tra+ser*r s2all3r*-ide t* t2e tra+seree d*/u.e+ts 2i/2 i+/lude t2e *ll*i+gstate.e+t: >>F*r 3ur3*ses * t2e A+ti(8u.3i+g re5uire.e+ts u+der 4% "FR!art &%, 'ub3art E, t2is ble+dst*/ 2as bee+ a//*u+ted *r by t2erei+er t2at 3r*du/ed it, a+d .ust be e/luded r*. a+y subse5ue+t/*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s0??

'e/s0 &%01%)(&%01@4 [Reser-ed]

'ub3art F((Attest E+gage.e+ts

'e/0 &%01@= Attest e+gage.e+ts0

a; A+y rei+er, i.3*rter, a+d *yge+ate ble+der sube/t t* t2ere5uire.e+ts * t2is sub3art F s2all e+gage a+ i+de3e+de+t /ertiied3ubli/ a//*u+ta+t, *r ir. * su/2 a//*u+ta+ts 2erei+ater reerred t*i+ t2is sub3art F as >>"!A??;, t* 3er*r. a+ agreed(u3*+ 3r*/eduresattestati*+ e+gage.e+t * t2e u+derlyi+g d*/u.e+tati*+ t2at *r.s t2ebasis * t2e re3*rts by 'e/s0 &%0)= a+d &%01%40 b; T2e "!A s2all 3er*r. t2e attestati*+ e+gage.e+ts i+ a//*rda+/eit2 t2e 'tate.e+ts *+ 'ta+dards *r Attestati*+ E+gage.e+ts0 /; T2e "!A .ay /*.3lete t2e re5uire.e+ts * t2is sub3art F it2t2e assista+/e * i+ter+al audit*rs 2* are e.3l*yees *r age+ts * t2erei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der, s* l*+g as su/2 assista+/e isi+ a//*rda+/e it2 t2e 'tate.e+ts *+ 'ta+dards *r Attestati*+E+gage.e+ts0

d; N*tit2sta+di+g t2e re5uire.e+ts * 3aragra32 a; * t2isse/ti*+, a+y rei+er, i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der .ay satisy t2ere5uire.e+ts * t2is sub3art F i t2e re5uire.e+ts * t2is sub3art Fare /*.3leted by a+ audit*r 2* is a+ e.3l*yee * t2e rei+er,i.3*rter, *r *yge+ate ble+der, 3r*-ided t2at su/2 e.3l*yee: 1; Is a+ i+ter+al audit*r /ertiied by t2e I+stitute * I+ter+al

Audit*rs, I+/0 2erei+ater reerred t* i+ t2is sub3art F as >>"IA??;a+d

@; "*.3letes t2e i+ter+al audits i+ a//*rda+/e it2 t2e"*dii/ati*+ * 'ta+dards *r t2e !r*essi*+al !ra/ti/e * I+ter+al

Auditi+g0



e; se * a "!A *r "IA 2* is debarred, sus3e+ded, *r 3r*3*sed *rdebar.e+t 3ursua+t t* t2e #*-er+.e+tide 8ebar.e+t a+d 'us3e+si*+Regulati*+s, 4% "FR !art C@, *r t2e 8ebar.e+t, 'us3e+si*+, a+dI+eligibility !r*-isi*+s * t2e Federal A/5uisiti*+ Regulati*+s, 4& "FR

3art 9, sub3art 904, s2all be dee.ed i+ +*+/*.3lia+/e it2 t2ere5uire.e+ts * t2is se/ti*+0

; T2e *ll*i+g d*/u.e+ts are i+/*r3*rated by reere+/e: t2e'tate.e+ts *+ 'ta+dards *r Attestati*+ E+gage.e+ts, "*dii/ati*+ *'tate.e+ts *+ Auditi+g 'ta+dards, ritte+ by t2e A.eri/a+ I+stitute *"ertiied !ubli/ A//*u+ta+ts, I+/0, 1991, a+d 3ublis2ed by t2e "*..er/e"leari+g D*use, I+/0, Ide+tii/ati*+ Nu.ber %=9%@1, a+d t2e"*dii/ati*+ * 'ta+dards *r t2e !r*essi*+al !ra/ti/e * I+ter+al

Auditi+g, ritte+ a+d 3ublis2ed by t2e I+stitute * I+ter+al Audit*rs,I+/0, 19&9, Ide+tii/ati*+ Nu.ber I'N %(&941C(@%)(=0 T2esei+/*r3*rati*+s by reere+/e ere a33r*-ed by t2e 8ire/t*r * t2eFederal Register i+ a//*rda+/e it2 = 0'0"0 ==@a; a+d 1 "FR 3art =10"*3ies * t2e 'tate.e+ts *+ 'ta+dards *r Attestati*+ E+gage.e+ts .aybe *btai+ed r*. t2e A.eri/a+ I+stitute * "ertiied !ubli/

A//*u+ta+ts, I+/0, 1@11 A-e+ue * t2e A.eri/as, Ne $*r, Ne $*r1%%C6, a+d /*3ies * t2e "*dii/ati*+ * 'ta+dards *r t2e !r*essi*+al!ra/ti/e * I+ter+al Auditi+g .ay be *btai+ed r*. t2e I+stitute *I+ter+al Audit*rs, I+/0, @49 Maitla+d A-e+ue, Alta.*+te '3ri+gs,Fl*rida C@)%1(4@%10 "*3ies .ay be i+s3e/ted at t2e 0'0 E+-ir*+.e+tal!r*te/ti*+ Age+/y, Oi/e * t2e Air 8*/et, 4%1 M 'treet, 'B0,Bas2i+gt*+, 8"0, *r at t2e Oi/e * t2e Federal Register, &%% N*rt2"a3it*l 'treet, NB0, suite )%%, Bas2i+gt*+ 8"0

'e/0 &%01@6 8ei+iti*+s0

T2e *ll*i+g dei+iti*+s s2all a33ly *r t2e 3ur3*ses * t2issub3art F:

a; A-eragi+g /*.3lia+/e re/*rds s2all i+/lude t2e /al/ulati*+sused t* deter.i+e /*.3lia+/e it2 rele-a+t sta+dards *+ a-erage, *rea/2 a-eragi+g 3eri*d a+d *r ea/2 5ua+tity * gas*li+e *r 2i/2sta+dards .ust be a/2ie-ed se3arately0 b; "redit tradi+g re/*rds s2all i+/lude *rs2eets a+d E!A re3*rtss2*i+g a/tual a+d /*.3lyi+g t*tals *r *yge+ a+d be+7e+e /redit/al/ulati*+ *rs2eets /*+tra/ts letter agree.e+ts a+d i+-*i/es a+d*t2er d*/u.e+tati*+ e-ide+/i+g t2e tra+ser * /redits0 /; 8esig+ati*+ re/*rds s2all i+/lude lab*rat*ry a+alysis re3*rtst2at ide+tiy 2et2er gas*li+e .eets t2e re5uire.e+ts *r a gi-e+desig+ati*+ *3erati*+al a+d a//*u+ti+g re3*rts * 3r*du/t st*rage a+d3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts0



d; Oyge+ate ble+der re/*rds s2all i+/lude lab*rat*ry a+alysisre3*rts rei+er, i.3*rter a+d *yge+ate ble+der /*+tra/ts 5ualityassura+/e 3r*gra. re/*rds 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts *yge+ate3ur/2asi+g, i+-e+t*ry, a+d usage re/*rds a+d daily ta+ i+-e+t*ry

gaugi+g re3*rts, .eter ti/ets, a+d 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts0 e; !r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts s2all i+/lude d*/u.e+ts t2at rele/tt2e tra+ser * *+ers2i3 *r 32ysi/al /ust*dy * gas*li+e *rble+dst*/, i+/ludi+g i+-*i/es, re/ei3ts, bills * ladi+g, .a+iests,a+d 3i3eli+e ti/ets0

; A te+der .ea+s t2e 32ysi/al tra+ser * /ust*dy * a -*lu.e *gas*li+e *r *t2er 3etr*leu. 3r*du/t all * 2i/2 2as t2e sa.eide+tii/ati*+ re*r.ulated gas*li+e, /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e, RO, a+d*t2er +*+(i+is2ed gas*li+e 3etr*leu. 3r*du/ts;, a+d /2ara/teristi/sti.e a+d 3la/e * use restri/ti*+s *r re*r.ulated gas*li+e;0 g; V*lu.e re/*rds s2all i+/lude su..aries * gas*li+e 3r*du/ed *ri.3*rted t2at a//*u+t *r t2e -*lu.e * ea/2 ty3e * gas*li+e 3r*du/ed*r i.3*rted0 T2e -*lu.es s2all be based *+ ta+ gauges *r .eter re3*rtsa+d te.3erature adusted t* 6% degrees Fa2re+2eit0

'e/0 &%01@) 'a.3le si7e guideli+es0

I+ 3er*r.i+g t2e attest e+gage.e+t, t2e audit*r s2all sa.3lerele-a+t 3*3ulati*+s t* 2i/2 agreed(u3*+ 3r*/edures ill be a33liedusi+g t2e .et2*ds s3e/iied i+ t2is se/ti*+, 2i/2 s2all /*+stitute are3rese+tati-e sa.3le0

a; 'a.3le ite.s s2all be sele/ted i+ su/2 a ay as t* /*.3rise asi.3le ra+d*. sa.3le * ea/2 rele-a+t 3*3ulati*+ a+d b; 'a.3le si7e s2all be deter.i+ed usi+g *+e * t2e *ll*i+g*3ti*+s:

1; O3ti*+ 10 8eter.i+e t2e sa.3le si7e usi+g t2e *ll*i+g table:

'a.3le 'i7e, ased 3*+ !*3ulati*+ 'i7e

N*0 i+ 3*3ulati*+ N; 'a.3le si7e

66 a+d larger0000000000000000000000 @941(6=000000000000000000000000000000 @=@6(4%000000000000000000000000000000 @%



%(@=0000000000000000000000000000000 N *r 19, 2i/2e-er is s.aller0

@; O3ti*+ @0 8eter.i+e t2e sa.3le si7e i+ su/2 a .a++er t2at t2e

sa.3le si7e is e5ual t* t2at 2i/2 *uld result by usi+g t2e *ll*i+g3ara.eters a+d sta+dard statisti/al .et2*d*l*gies:

"*+ide+/e e-el((9=

E3e/ted Err*r Rate((%

Mai.u. T*lerable Err*r Rate((1%

C; O3ti*+ C0 T2e audit*r .ay use s*.e *t2er *r. * sa.3lesele/ti*+ a+dL*r s*.e *t2er .et2*d t* deter.i+e t2e sa.3le si7e,3r*-ided t2at t2e resulti+g sa.3le a*rds e5ual *r better stre+gt2 *i+ere+/e a+d reed*. r*. bias as /*.3ared it2 3aragra32s b;1; a+d@; * t2is se/ti*+;, a+d t2at t2e audit*r su..ari7es t2e substitute.et2*ds a+d /learly de.*+strates t2eir e5ui-ale+/e i+ t2e i+al re3*rt*+ t2e audit0

'e/0 &%01@& Agreed u3*+ 3r*/edures *r rei+ers a+d i.3*rters0

T2e *ll*i+g are t2e .i+i.u. attest 3r*/edures t2at s2all be/arried *ut *r ea/2 rei+ery a+d i.3*rter0 Agreed u3*+ 3r*/edures .ay-ary r*. t2e 3r*/edures stated i+ t2is se/ti*+ due t* t2e +ature *t2e rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s busi+ess *r re/*rds, 3r*-ided t2at a+yrei+er *r i.3*rter desiri+g t* .*diy 3r*/edures *btai+s 3ri*ra33r*-al r*. E!A0

a; Read t2e rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s re3*rts iled it2 E!A *r t2e3re-i*us year as re5uired by 'e/s0 &%0)= a+d &%01%=0 b; Obtai+ a gas*li+e i+-e+t*ry re/*+/iliati*+ a+alysis *r t2e/urre+t year r*. t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter 2i/2 i+/ludes re*r.ulatedgas*li+e, RO, /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e, a+d +*+(i+is2ed(gas*li+e3etr*leu. 3r*du/ts0

1; Test t2e .at2e.ati/al a//ura/y * t2e /al/ulati*+s /*+tai+ed i+t2e a+alysis0

@; Agree t2e begi++i+g a+d e+di+g i+-e+t*ries t* t2e rei+er?s *ri.3*rter?s 3er3etual i+-e+t*ry re/*rds0 /; Obtai+ se3arate listi+gs * all te+ders duri+g t2e /urre+t year* re*r.ulated gas*li+e, RO, /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e, a+d +*+i+is2ed(gas*li+e 3etr*leu. 3r*du/ts0



1; Test t2e .at2e.ati/al a//ura/y * t2e /al/ulati*+s /*+tai+ed i+t2e listi+gs0

@; Agree t2e listi+gs * te+ders? -*lu.es t* t2e gas*li+e

i+-e+t*ry re/*+/iliati*+ i+ 3aragra32 b; * t2is se/ti*+0 C; Agree t2e listi+gs * te+ders? -*lu.es, 2ere a33li/able, t*t2e E!A re3*rts0

d; 'ele/t a re3rese+tati-e sa.3le r*. t2e listi+g * re*r.ulatedgas*li+e te+ders, a+d *r t2is sa.3le: 1; Agree t2e -*lu.es t* t2e 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts @; "*.3are t2e 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts desig+ati*+ *r/*+siste+/y it2 t2e ti.e a+d 3la/e, a+d /*.3lia+/e .*del desig+ati*+s*r t2e te+der VO"(/*+tr*lled *r +*+(VO"(/*+tr*lled, VO" regi*+ *rVO"(/*+tr*lled, O!R# -ersus +*+(O!R#, su..er *r i+ter gas*li+e, a+dsi.3le *r /*.3le .*del /ertiied; a+d C; Tra/e ba/ t* t2e bat/2 *r bat/2es i+ 2i/2 t2e gas*li+e as3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted0 Obtai+ t2e rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s i+ter+allab*rat*ry a+alyses *r ea/2 bat/2 a+d /*.3are su/2 a+alyses *r/*+siste+/y it2 t2e a+alyses results re3*rted t* E!A a+d t* t2e ti.ea+d 3la/e desig+ati*+s *r t2e te+der?s 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts0 e; 'ele/t a re3rese+tati-e sa.3le r*. t2e listi+g * ROte+ders, a+d *r t2is sa.3le:

1; Agree t2e -*lu.es t* t2e *rigi+al 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts @; 8eter.i+e t2at t2e re5uisite /*+tra/t as i+ 3la/e it2 t2ed*+strea. ble+der desig+ati+g t2e re5uired ble+di+g 3r*/edures, *rt2at t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter a//*u+ted *r t2e RO usi+g t2eassu.3ti*+s i+ 'e/0 &%0)@a;9;

C; Re-ie t2e 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts *r t2e i+di/ati*+ * t2ety3e a+d a.*u+t * *yge+ate re5uired t* be added t* t2e RO 4; Tra/e ba/ t* t2e bat/2 *r bat/2es i+ 2i/2 t2e RO as3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted0 Obtai+ rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s i+ter+al laba+alysis *r ea/2 bat/2 a+d agree t2e /*+siste+/y * t2e ty3e a+d-*lu.e * *yge+ate re5uired t* be added t* t2e RO it2 t2ati+di/ated i+ a33li/able te+der?s 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts a+d =; Agree t2e sa.3li+g a+d testi+g re5ue+/y * t2e rei+er?s *ri.3*rter?s d*+strea. *yge+ated ble+der 5uality assura+/e 3r*gra. it2t2e sa.3li+g a+d testi+g rates as re5uired i+ 'e/0 &%0)@0 ; 'ele/t a re3rese+tati-e sa.3le * re*r.ulated gas*li+e a+dRO bat/2es 3r*du/ed by /*.3uteri7ed i+(li+e ble+di+g, a+d *r t2issa.3le:

1; Obtai+ t2e /*.3*site sa.3le i+ter+al lab*rat*ry a+alysesresults a+d



@; Agree t2e results * t2e i+ter+al lab*rat*ry a+alyses t* t2e5uarterly bat/2 i+*r.ati*+ sub.itted t* t2e E!A0 g; 'ele/t a re3rese+tati-e sa.3le r*. t2e listi+g * t2e te+ders* /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e a+d /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e ble+dst*/ t2at

be/*.es gas*li+e t2r*ug2 t2e additi*+ * *yge+ate *+ly, a+d *r t2issa.3le:

1; Agree t2e -*lu.es t* t2e 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts @; F*r a re3rese+tati-e sa.3le * te+ders, tra/e ba/ t* t2e bat/2*r bat/2es i+ 2i/2 t2e gas*li+e as 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted0 Obtai+ t2erei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s i+ter+al lab*rat*ry a+alyses *r ea/2 bat/2 a+d/*.3are su/2 a+alyses *r /*+siste+/y it2 t2e a+alyses resultsre3*rted t* E!A a+d

C; B2ere t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter 2as i+/luded *yge+ate t2at isble+ded d*+strea. * t2e rei+ery *r i.3*rt a/ility i+ its /*.3lia+/e/al/ulati*+s i+ a//*rda+/e it2 'e/0 &%01%1d;4;ii;, *btai+ a listi+g* ea/2 d*+strea. *yge+ate ble+di+g *3erati*+ r*. 2i/2 t2e rei+er*r i.3*rter is /lai.i+g *yge+ate *r use i+ /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s,a+d *r ea/2 su/2 *3erati*+:

i; 8eter.i+e i t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter 2ad a /*+tra/t i+ 3la/eit2 t2e d*+strea. ble+der duri+g t2e 3eri*d *yge+ate as ble+ded ii; 8eter.i+e i t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter 2as re/*rds rele/ti+gt2at it /*+du/ted 32ysi/al i+s3e/ti*+s * t2e d*+strea. ble+di+g*3erati*+ duri+g t2e 3eri*d *yge+ate as ble+ded iii; Obtai+ a listi+g r*. t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter * t2e bat/2es* /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e *r /*+-e+ti*+al sub(*/ta+e ble+dst*/, a+d t2e/*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s *r 2i/2 i+/lude *yge+ate ble+ded by t2ed*+strea. *yge+ate ble+der, a+d test t2e .at2e.ati/al a//ura/y * t2e/al/ulati*+s /*+tai+ed i+ t2is listi+g i-; Obtai+ a listi+g r*. t2e d*+strea. *yge+ate ble+der * t2e*yge+ate ble+ded it2 /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e *r sub(*/ta+e ble+dst*/t2at as 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter0 Test t2e.at2e.ati/al a//ura/y * t2e /al/ulati*+s i+ t2is listi+g0 Agree t2e*-erall *yge+ate ble+di+g listi+g *btai+ed r*. t2e rei+er *ri.3*rter it2 t2e listi+g *btai+ed r*. t2e d*+strea. *yge+ateble+der0 'ele/t a re3rese+tati-e sa.3le * *yge+ate ble+di+g listi+g*btai+ed r*. t2e d*+strea. *yge+ate ble+der, a+d *r t2is sa.3le: A; si+g 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts, deter.i+e i t2e *yge+ateas ble+ded it2 /*+-e+ti*+al gas*li+e *r /*+-e+ti*+al sub(*/ta+eble+dst*/ t2at as 3r*du/ed by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rted by t2ei.3*rter a+d

; Agree t2e *yge+ate -*lu.e it2 t2e rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?slisti+g * *yge+ate /lai.ed *r t2is gas*li+e



-; Obtai+ a listi+g * t2e sa.3li+g a+d testi+g /*+du/ted by t2erei+er *r i.3*rter *-er t2e d*+strea. *yge+ate ble+di+g *3erati*+0'ele/t a re3rese+tati-e sa.3le * t2e test results r*. t2is listi+g,a+d *r t2is sa.3le agree t2e tested *yge+ate -*lu.e it2 t2e*yge+ate use listi+gs r*. t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter, a+d r*. t2e

*yge+ate ble+der a+d

-i; Obtai+ a /*3y * t2e re/*rds rele/ti+g t2e rei+er *ri.3*rter audit *-er t2e d*+strea. *yge+ate ble+di+g *3erati*+0 Re-iet2ese re/*rds *r i+di/ati*+s t2at t2e audit i+/luded re-ie * t2e*-erall -*lu.es a+d ty3e * *yge+ate 3ur/2ased a+d used by t2e*yge+ate ble+der t* be /*+siste+t it2 t2e *yge+ate /lai.ed by t2erei+er *r i.3*rter a+d t2at t2is *yge+ate as ble+ded it2 t2erei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s gas*li+e *r ble+di+g st*/0 2; I+ t2e /ase * a rei+er *r i.3*rter t2at is +*t ee.3t r*.ble+dst*/ tra/i+g u+der 'e/0 &%01%@;: 1; Obtai+ listi+gs *r t2*se te+ders * +*+(i+is2ed(gas*li+e/lassiied by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter as: i; A33li/able ble+dst*/ 2i/2 is i+/luded i+ t2e rei+er?s *ri.3*rter?s ble+dst*/ tra/i+g /al/ulati*+s 3ursua+t t* 'e/0 &%01%@b;t2r*ug2 d;

ii; A33li/able ble+dst*/ 2i/2 is ee.3t 3ursua+t t*'e/0 &%01%@d;C; r*. i+/lusi*+ i+ t2e rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?sble+dst*/ tra/i+g /al/ulati*+s 3ursua+t t* 'e/0 &%01%@ b; t2r*ug2d; a+d

iii; All *t2er +*+(i+is2ed(gas*li+e 3etr*leu. 3r*du/ts0 @; Test t2e .at2e.ati/al a//ura/y * t2e /al/ulati*+s /*+tai+ed i+t2e a+alysis0

C; Agree t2e listi+gs * te+ders? -*lu.es t* t2e gas*li+ei+-e+t*ry re/*+/iliati*+ i+ 3aragra32 b; * t2is se/ti*+0 4; Agree t2e E!A re3*rt *r t2e -*lu.e /lassiied as a33li/ableble+dst*/ 3ursua+t t* t2e re5uire.e+ts * 'e/0 &%01%@0 =; 'ele/t a re3rese+tati-e sa.3le r*. t2e listi+g * a33li/ableble+dst*/ 2i/2 is re3*rted t* E!A, a+d *r su/2 sa.3le: i; Agree t2e -*lu.es t* re/*rds su33*rti+g t2e tra+ser * t2ete+der t* a+*t2er 3ers*+ a+d

ii; Tra/e ba/ t* t2e bat/2 *r bat/2es i+ 2i/2 t2e +*+(i+is2edgas*li+e3etr*leu. 3r*du/t as 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted0 Obtai+ t2erei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s i+ter+al lab*rat*ry a+alysis *r ea/2 bat/2 a+d/*.3are su/2 a+alysis *r /*+siste+/y it2 t2e 3r*du/t ty3e assig+ed byt2e rei+er *r i.3*rter e0g0, re*r.ate, lig2t /*er +a32t2a, et/0;,a+d t2at t2is 3r*du/t ty3e is i+/luded i+ t2e a33li/able ble+dst*/list at 'e/0 &%01%@a;0



6; 'ele/t a re3rese+tati-e sa.3le r*. t2e listi+g * a33li/ableble+dst*/ 2i/2 is ee.3t r*. i+/lusi*+ i+ t2e ble+dst*/ tra/i+gre3*rt t* E!A, a+d *r su/2 sa.3le:

i; Agree t2e -*lu.es t* re/*rds su33*rti+g t2e tra+ser * t2ete+der t* a+*t2er 3ers*+

ii; Tra/e ba/ t* t2e bat/2 *r bat/2es i+ 2i/2 t2e +*+(i+is2edgas*li+e3etr*leu. 3r*du/t as 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted0 Obtai+ t2erei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s i+ter+al lab*rat*ry a+alysis *r ea/2 bat/2 a+d/*.3are su/2 a+alysis *r /*+siste+/y it2 t2e 3r*du/t ty3e assig+ed byt2e rei+er *r i.3*rter e0g0, re*r.ate, lig2t /*er +a32t2a, et/0;,a+d t2at t2is 3r*du/t ty3e is i+/luded i+ t2e a33li/able ble+dst*/list at 'e/0 &%01%@a; a+d

iii; Obtai+ t2e d*/u.e+ts t2at de.*+strate t2e 3ur3*se *r 2i/2t2e 3r*du/t as used, a+d agree t2at t2e d*/u.e+ted 3ur3*se is *+e *t2*se s3e/iied at 'e/0 &%01%@d;C;0

); 'ele/t a re3rese+tati-e sa.3le r*. t2e listi+g * all *t2er+*+(i+is2ed(gas*li+e 3etr*leu. 3r*du/ts, a+d *r su/2 sa.3le: i; Agree t2e -*lu.es t* re/*rds su33*rti+g t2e tra+ser * t2ete+der t* a+*t2er 3ers*+

ii; Tra/e ba/ t* t2e bat/2 *r bat/2es i+ 2i/2 t2e +*+(i+is2edgas*li+e3etr*leu. 3r*du/t as 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted0 Obtai+ t2erei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s i+ter+al lab*rat*ry a+alysis *r ea/2 bat/2 a+d/*.3are su/2 a+alysis *r /*+siste+/y it2 t2e 3r*du/t(ty3e assig+ed byt2e rei+er *r i.3*rter e0g0, alylate, is*buta+e, et/0;, a+d agreet2at t2is 3r*du/t ty3e is e/luded r*. t2e a33li/able ble+dst*/ listat 'e/0 &%01%@a;0

i; I+ t2e /ase * a rei+er *r i.3*rter re5uired t* a//*u+t *rble+dst*/s 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted u+der 'e/0 &%01%@e;@;: 1; Obtai+ listi+gs *r t2*se te+ders * +*+(i+is2ed(gas*li+ete+ders /lassiied by t2e rei+er *r i.3*rter as: i; le+dst*/ 2i/2 is i+/luded i+ t2e /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s *rt2e rei+ery *r i.3*rter a+d

ii; All *t2er +*+(i+is2ed(gas*li+e 3etr*leu. 3r*du/ts @; Test t2e .at2e.ati/al a//ura/y * t2e /al/ulati*+s /*+tai+ed i+t2e listi+gs u+der 3aragra32 i;1; * t2is se/ti*+ C; Agree t2e listi+gs * te+ders? -*lu.es t* t2e gas*li+ei+-e+t*ry re/*+/iliati*+ i+ 3aragra32 b; * t2is se/ti*+ 4; 'ele/t a re3rese+tati-e sa.3le r*. t2e listi+g * ble+dst*/te+ders 2i/2 are i+/luded i+ t2e /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s *r t2e



rei+ery *r i.3*rter, a+d *r su/2 sa.3le: i; Agree t2e -*lu.es t* re/*rds su33*rti+g t2e tra+ser * t2ete+der t* a+*t2er 3ers*+

ii; Re-ie t2e 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts *r t2e state.e+t

i+di/ati+g t2e ble+dst*/ 2as bee+ a//*u+ted(*r, a+d .ay +*t bei+/luded i+ a+*t2er 3arty?s /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s a+d iii; Tra/e ba/ t* t2e bat/2 *r bat/2es i+ 2i/2 t2e ble+dst*/as 3r*du/ed *r i.3*rted0 Obtai+ t2e rei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s i+ter+allab*rat*ry a+alyses *r ea/2 bat/2 a+d /*.3are su/2 a+alyses *r/*+siste+/y it2 t2e a+alyses results re3*rted t* E!A a+d =; 'ele/t a re3rese+tati-e sa.3le r*. t2e listi+g * te+ders *+*+(i+is2ed(gas*li+e 3etr*leu. 3r*du/ts t2at are e/luded r*. t2erei+er?s *r i.3*rter?s /*.3lia+/e /al/ulati*+s, a+d *r su/2 sa.3le/*+ir. t2at d*/u.e+ts de.*+strate t2e 3etr*leu. 3r*du/ts ere used *ra 3ur3*se *t2er t2a+ t2e 3r*du/ti*+ * gas*li+e it2i+ t2e +ited'tates0

'e/0 &%01@9 Agreed u3*+ 3r*/edures *r d*+strea. *yge+ate ble+ders0

T2e *ll*i+g are t2e 3r*/edures t* be /arried *ut at ea/2*yge+ate ble+di+g a/ility t2at is sube/t t* t2e re5uire.e+ts * t2issub3art F:

a; Read t2e ble+ders re3*rts iled it2 t2e E!A *r t2e 3re-i*usyear as re5uired by 'e/0 &%0)=0

b; Obtai+ a .aterial bala+/e a+alysis su..ari7i+g re/ei3ts * ROa+d *yge+ate t* t2e ble+der, a+d t2e deli-eries * re*r.ulatedgas*li+e r*. t2e ble+der0

1; Test t2e .at2e.ati/al a//ura/y * t2e /al/ulati*+s /*+tai+ed i+t2e a+alysis0

@; Agree t2e begi++i+g a+d e+di+g i+-e+t*ry t* t2e ble+der?s3er3etual i+-e+t*ry re/*rds0

C; Agree t2e a+alysis, 2ere a33li/able, t* t2e E!A re3*rts0 /; Obtai+ a listi+g * all RO re/ei3ts *r t2e 3re-i*us year0 1; Test t2e .at2e.ati/al a//ura/y * t2e -*lu.etri/ /al/ulati*+s/*+tai+ed i+ t2e listi+g0

@; Agree t2e -*lu.etri/ /al/ulati*+s * RO re/ei3ts t* t2e/al/ulati*+s /*+tai+ed i+ t2e .aterial bala+/e a+alysis0 C; 'ele/t a re3rese+tati-e sa.3le * RO re/ei3ts r*. t2elisti+g0 Re-ie t2e 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts *r t2e i+di/ati*+ *



t2e ty3e a+d -*lu.e * *yge+ate re5uired t* be added t* t2e RO0 d; Obtai+ a listi+g * all re*r.ulated gas*li+e bat/2es 3r*du/edby t2e ble+der duri+g t2e 3re-i*us year0 1; Test t2e .at2e.ati/al a//ura/y * t2e -*lu.etri/ /al/ulati*+s/*+tai+ed i+ t2e listi+g0

@; Agree t2e -*lu.etri/ /al/ulati*+s /*+tai+ed i+ t2e listi+g t*t2e /al/ulati*+s /*+tai+ed i+ t2e .aterial bala+/e a+alysis0 C; 'ele/t a re3rese+tati-e sa.3le * t2e bat/2es r*. t2e listi+g,a+d *r t2ese bat/2es:

i; Obtai+ t2e ble+der?s re/*rds t2at i+di/ate t2e -*lu.e a+d ty3e* *yge+ate t2at as ble+ded, t2e -*lu.e * RO t2at as ble+ded a+dt2e 3r*du/t tra+ser d*/u.e+ts *r t2e RO, a+d t2e i+ter+al laba+alysis 2ere a33li/able

ii; Agree t2e /*+siste+/y * t2e ty3e a+d -*lu.e * *yge+ateadded t* t2e RO it2 t2at i+di/ated t* be added i+ t2e RO?s 3r*du/ttra+ser d*/u.e+ts

iii; Re/al/ulate t2e a/tual *yge+ /*+te+t based *+ t2e -*lu.esble+ded a+d agree t* t2e re3*rt t* E!A*+ *yge+ a+d

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