Formula sheet 2017 - vcephysics.comvcephysics.com/.../uploads/2018/01/Formula-sheet-2017.pdf ·...
Transcript of Formula sheet 2017 - vcephysics.comvcephysics.com/.../uploads/2018/01/Formula-sheet-2017.pdf ·...
This formula sheet shows all of the formula given on the VCAA exam. It is assumed that students know the context that each formula would be used in; the focus of this sheet is to show all of the re-arrangements that could be required / used.Formulae marked with * are not included on the VCAA sheet, but are derived from included formulae and may still be of use in some of the questions.
Kinematics
v =u+at u =v −at , t =
v −ua
, a=
v −ut
s=ut+
12
at2
t=
2sa
(if u=0)
v2 =u2+2as v = u2+2as , u= 2as−v 2 ,
s=
v 2−u2
2a, a=
v 2−u2
2s
s=
12
(u+v )t t=
2s(u+v )
s=vt−
12
at2
t=
2sa
(if v=0)
Circular motion
a=
v 2
r v = ar , r =
v 2
a
a=
4π 2rT 2
T =
4π 2ra
, r =
aT 2
4π 2
VCE Physics.com - Physics 3&4 exam formula sheet 2017
1
Projectile motion
Vvertical =Vsinθ *
Vhorizontal =Vcosθ *
t =
2v sinθg
*
(These equations are based on starting and finishing at the same height)
H =v 2 sin2θ
2g* (These equations are based on starting and finishing at the
same height)
R =
v 2 sin2θg
*
(These equations are based on starting and finishing at the same height)
h(x )= tanθx −
g2v 2 cos2θ
x 2 *
Forces & energy
F∑ =ma a=
Fm
F =−kΔx k =
Fx
, x =
Fk
(- just indicates opposite direction)
E =
12
k(Δx )2
Δx =
2Ek
, k =
2E(Δx )2
E =mgΔh h =
Emg
, g =
Emh
, m =
Egh
E =
12
mv 2
v =
2Em
, m =
2Ev 2
p =mv v =
pm
Δp =FΔt F =
ΔpΔt
VCE Physics.com - Physics 3&4 exam formula sheet 2017
2
Gravitational fields
F =
GM1M2
r 2 r =
GM1M2
F
g =
GMr 2
r =
GMg
r 3
T 2 =GM4π 2
r =
GMT 2
4π 23 ,
T =
4π 2r 3
GM, M =
4π 2r 3
GT 2
v 2
r=
GMr 2
v =
GMr
, r =
GMv 2
Fields & applications of field concepts
E =
Vd V =Ed
12
mv 2 =qV v =
2qVm
E =
kqr 2
r =
kqE
F =qE E =
Fq
F =
kq1q2
r 2
F =qvB q =
FvB
, v =
FqB
, B=
Fqv
F = ILB I =
FLB
, B =
FIL
, L=
FBI
r =
mvqB
VCE Physics.com - Physics 3&4 exam formula sheet 2017
3
Generation and transmission of electricity
R = r1+r2+ .....
1R=
1r1
+1r2
+ ..... R =
r1r2
r1+r2
, r2 =
Rr1
R −r1
V = IR R =
VI
, I =
VR
P = IV P =
v 2
R, P = I 2R (combined with equations above)
V1
V2
=N1
N2 V1=V2
N1
N1
, V2 =V1
N2
N1
, N1=N2
V1
V2
, N2 =N1
V2
V1
I2
I1
=N1
N2
V1=V
r1
r1+r2
⎛
⎝⎜⎞
⎠⎟*
V2 =V
r2
r1+r2
⎛
⎝⎜⎞
⎠⎟
Vrms =
12
Vpeak Vpeak = 2×Vrms
F = ILB I =
FLB
, B =
FIL
, L=
FBI
ε =−N
ΔφΔt
φ =BA
Einstein’s special relativity
γ =1
1−v 2
c2 t =t0γ , m =m0γ ,
L=
L0
γ
E rest =mc2
c =
Em
Etotal =γmc2
Ekinetic =(1−γ )mc2
VCE Physics.com - Physics 3&4 exam formula sheet 2017
4
The nature of light and matter
Emax =hf −W W =Emax −hf , f(threshold ) =
Wh
(If electrons have 0 energy)
E =hf f =
Eh
, h =
Ef
p =
hλ
λ =hp
E =
hcλ
* λ =
hcE
Δp xΔx ≥
h4π
Wave concepts
v =fλ f =
vλ
, λ =
vf
Path difference = nλ(constructive interference)
Path difference =
n−12
⎛⎝⎜
⎞⎠⎟λ (destructive interference)
Δx =
λLd
n1sinθ1=n2sinθ2
θ2 =sin−1 n1
n2
sinθ1
⎛
⎝⎜
⎞
⎠⎟
n1v 1=n2v 2
VCE Physics.com - Physics 3&4 exam formula sheet 2017
5
Data
Acceleration due to gravity g=9.8m /s2
Rest mass of electron me =9.1×10−31kg
Electron charge e=1.6×10−19C
Planck’s constant h=6.63×10−34 Js
Speed of light in vacuum c =3.0×108 m /s
Gravitational constant G =6.67×10−11Nm2 /kg2
Mass of earth m=5.98×1024 kg
Radius of Earth RE =6.37×106 m
Coulomb’s constant k =8.99×109Nm2 /kg2
Prefixes / Units
p = pico = 10−12n = nano = 10−9
μ = micro = 10−6m = milli = 10−3
k = kilo = 103M = mega = 106
G = giga = 109 t = tonne = 103kg
VCE Physics.com - Physics 3&4 exam formula sheet 2017
6