Formal Lab Write up Due Friday Oct. 16, email to robinson@cod.eduNO LATE PAPERS ACCEPTED, all parts of the paper must be typed, send in .doc, .docx or .pdf format50 POINTS

Format Name & lab day top left (don't waste paper with a separate title page) Title, descriptive not cutesy, a complete sentence is totally acceptable. Introduction Materials and Methods Data Conclusion References (papers without references will receive no points)

For each section put the section title such as "Data" in bold then start a new line.

Title: Descriptive, a full sentence if better than "Lab 8"

Introduction: MUST HAVE PARAGRAPHS (not bullet points)a. brief synopsis of the experiment (this should NOT be a step-by-step methods section)b. hypothesis (or purpose if the lab was more of a demonstration), make it a prediction, also make the hypothesis in the form of the data. So if the data is in the form of percent fed, the hypothesis should say percent fed.c. Use information from lab book, lecture or text to back up your hypothesis. (Needs a reference). For example when testing enzymes at different temperatures one might say "It is predicted that as the temperature increases the rate of the reaction as measured in milliliters oxygen produced, will also increase" - this is the hypothesis statement and it must be backed up with science. To find that science I do not expect a full research paper or review of literature or internet sources, I expect only that you open your text book or listen to my lecture or ask me questions to find out why enzymatic reactions increase with temperature and if there are any instances when this might not be true.d. explanation of how the experiment will be able to test the hypothesis. For some experiments this is straight forward, "The experiment will be conducted at three different temperatures, 10, 27 & 45 degrees Celsius to assess whether increasing the temperature increases the reaction rate." For other experiments more science is needed to explain for example how changing the level of activity is related to carbon dioxide output which can then be correlated to cellular respiration.Don't label each item above with "a, b ...." but do make paragraphs for each topic. I would rather have 4, two sentence paragraphs if each paragraph is about a different topic than one large 8 sentence paragraph.

In text citations should take the (author, year) format. If there are more than 2 authors list the 1st authors last name and put et al and the date for example (Reece, et al, 2011). If you do not have an in text citation for this section you have not cited your background information properly.

Methods: points will be subtracted for lengthy methods sections

This class will take the position that less is better. The method for each lab is outlined in the text therefore a very brief summary of the method and the appropriate citation is all that is needed. For example "The experiment was conducted using the method found in Chapter 6: Factors Effecting Enzyme Activity in the text "Investigations in the Biology Laboratory" (Petersen, Anderson & Adams 2014)When to say more in a methods section: If the method used was different than the method outlined in the text. If the text allows for variation, for example the number of repetitions or the exact temperature You make a mistake and do something other than the method in the text. The instructor specifically says: Write a complete methods section.

Data: This section should include a neat presentation of the data. All the raw data may not be necessary if one can include all pertinent information in a graph and/or table.

a. If any calculations were necessary one would write out one sample calculation. If multiple calculations of the same type were done then include only the answers in table format. b. If pictures or diagrams are required it is acceptable to use your lab book pages or to copy them and include them only when turning in an in class assignment. For the formal paper all paper should be uniform size and diagrams, graphs, etc. done as neatly as possible, preferably computer generated. c. All graphs and figures should be able to stand alone. The reader should not have to hunt all over your paper for an explanation of what a graph or diagram is. This may require a legend beneath the graph or diagram. The legend should be a brief description of what experiment was performed, a conclusion or explanation of the data presented.d. Data always comes after the Methods. If you have not mastered formatting documents and you can't get your graph in that exact spot put words where the graph should be that says "See graph 1 on page 4" so the reader can find it. In Word I find that inserting a text box with a figure or graph works easiest. Ask for help if you need it.e. Graphs: all graphs must include the following:i. have at descriptive titleii. a label on each axis iii. units if applicable on each axis iv. clearly marked points v. key if there is more than one line or bar on the graph, the legend must be descriptivevi. the lines of the graph must fill the space, therefore it is acceptable to start numbering on the axes at something other than 0vii. a caption beneath the graph

It matters which axis you put the data on. The independent variable goes on the x-axis and the dependent variable goes on the y-axis. The independent variable is most often the data that was given to you in the lab book. The dependent variable is most often the data that you measured. If you are ever in doubt how to graph something ask the instructor. Graphing with the computer is expected, get help if you don't know how to do it.

Conclusion:

This section may seem a bit redundant as you may have already included much of the requested information in the introduction. The big difference between the introduction in the conclusion is that you should work in specific information about the data and of course you should include whether or not the data supports your initial hypothesis.

a. Begin by re-stating the hypothesis. Don't simply say the hypothesis was supported you must tell the reader what the hypothesis is.b. Summarize the data using specific, key data points. So for example in the catabolism lab don't be afraid to say the specific number of drops that were required to return the solution back to baseline color after it had been blown into by the exercising subject. Do not verbally explain each data point, that is overkill.c. State whether the hypothesis is supported or refuted by the data. Remember it is incorrect to say that the data proves the hypothesis.d. Give scientific information that supports your hypothesis and your data. There should be enough background information in your lab book or your lecture text, it should not be necessary to do an extensive search of the literature. Also remember Wikipedia is not considered an appropriate source for scientific papers but if you happen to wind up there look for references in Wikipedia and visit those sources.e. If your data does not support your hypothesis give possible scientific explanations for this or possible sources of error. Remember I care much, much, much, much, much more about the science and than I do about errors like your lack of technical skill or that your partner didn't add a critical chemical to the reaction.f. Summarize the entire paper in the last paragraph in 1 or 2 sentences. Yes, this IS repetitive. If this was original research this would also be the place an investigator would discuss the future direction of this research.

References If there are no References you will get a zero for the paperThe citations should be in alphabetical order by the first authors last name. Use the APA format, see www.apastyle.org for help, some info may be different as style guides are updated occasionally, use the most up to date style even if it differs from this slightly.

ReferencesFor your paper do not include the words I have in red, these are simply to help you.

{this is a journal article accessed online}Anderson, A. K. (2005). Affective influences on the attentional dynamics supporting awareness.Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 154, 258281. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.134.2.258 { This is a journal article accessed in print}Anderson, A. K., Christoff, K., Panitz, D., De Rosa, E., & Gabrieli, J. D. E. (2003). Neural correlates of the automatic processing of threat facial signals. Journal of Neuroscience,23, 56275633. {This is a book}Wilson, B. A., Alderman, N., Burgess, P. W., Emslie, H. C., & Evans, J. J. (1996). TheBehavioural Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome. Flempton, England: ThamesValley Test Company.

When there is no author for a web page, the title moves to the first position of the reference entry:Example:New child vaccine gets funding boost. (2001). Retrieved March 21, 2001, from http://news.ninemsn.com.au/health/story_13178.aspCite in text the first few words of the reference list entry (usually the title) and the year. Use double quotation marks around the title or abbreviated title.: ("New Child Vaccine," 2001).Grading Rubric on next Page

Student name

Levels of Achievement

Criteria Novice Competent proficient

title 0 Pointsno title1 Pointstitle present but lacking descriptiveness 2 Pointsdescriptive title

introductory summary 0 Pointsno summary of experiment 1 Pointssummary present but far too long 2 Pointsbrief but thorough summary

scientific explanation in intro 0.5 Pointslacks accuracy and detail 1 Pointspresent and accurate 2 Pointsincludes all scientific aspects of the experiment

hypothesis 0 Pointsmissing or in such a format that it does not present as a hypothesis 1 Pointspresent as a prediction but not in the form of the data gathered 2 Pointsa prediction in the form of the data gathered

in text citations 0 Pointsnot present 1 Pointspresent but the wrong format 2 Pointspresent with proper format

materials and methods 1 Pointspresent but missing citation of the lab book 2 Pointstoo long, with proper citation of the lab book 3 Pointsbrief with proper citation of the lab book

graphs 1 Pointsonly the line graphed without formatting of the axes or a title 3 Pointsmissing critical parts of the format. 5 Pointshas all appropriate titles and labels, data graphed properly

data table 0 pointsneeded but not present 1 Pointsif needed, present with headings no label3 Pointsif needed, present with appropriately labeled headings

Ho for conclusion 0 Pointsconclusion drawn about hypothesis incorrect 1 Pointshypothesis supported or refuted but not restated 2 Pointshypothesis Re-stated and supported or refuted

science in conclusion 1 Pointsscience facts incomplete or inaccurate 2 Pointscompared to known science but don't use actual numbers from experiment 3 Pointsuse actual data from the experiment and compare it to known science

conclusion summary statement 0 Points 0 Points1 Pointspresent

conclusion in text citations 0 Pointsnot present 1 Pointspresent wrong format 2 Pointspresent with proper format

reference section 0 PointsIf Not Present Entire Paper Receives A zero1 Pointspresent but wrong format or missing citations found in paper 2 Pointsproper format with all of the in text citations

grammar 0 Pointspoor sentence structure, lack of paragraphs, and many grammatical errors 1 Pointsadequate grammar but multiple spelling or punctuation errors 3 Pointsproper use of grammar and sentence structure with few spelling errors

overall format 0 Points0 Points1 Pointsall of the proper sections in the proper order

Total points /35

Total percentage