Philosophiae Doctor (PhD)Thesis 2018:1

Walid Fayez Mustapha

Forest-based biofuels in the Nordic countries:Potentials and interactions with the forest industries andthe energy sector

Skogsbasert biodrivstoff i Norden:Potensialer og samspill med skogindustrien og energisektoren

Norwegian University of Life Sciences Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management

They say a PhD teaches you how to think. It turns out they were right.

Only now, in retrospect, am I able to appreciate their saying. Because up until this very moment, I was busy thinking about my PhD.

Walid Fayez Mustapha

Journal of Environmental Management

Energy Conversion and Management

Forest Policy and Economics

Energy

Synopsis

1. Is it best to store biomass in the biosphere or substitute fossil fuels and fossil intensive

materials for climate change mitigation in the short and long-term?

2. Are future forest-based conversion pathways for biofuel production cost-competitive?

3. Which Nordic countries and regions are most attractive for large-scale forest-based biofuel

facility deployment and how does regional deployment change with changing

technologies?

4. How will biofuel facilities interact with the existing forest dependent industries given large-

scale deployment?

5. How will large-scale biofuel facility deployment affect the heat and power technology mix?

question one

question two question four question three

question four question five

Biomass Products

P. maximowiczii P. trichocarpa

spatial partial

Paper I Taeroe, A., Mustapha, W.F., Stupak, I. & Raulund-Rasmussen, K. 2017. Do forests best mitigate CO2 emissions to the atmosphere by setting them aside for maximization of carbon storage or by management for fossil fuel substitution? - Journal of Environmental Management 197: 117-129. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.03.051

Paper II Mustapha, W.F., Bolkesjø, T.F., Martinsen, T. & Trømborg, E. 2017. Techno-economic comparison of promising biofuel conversion pathways in a Nordic context – Effects of feedstock costs and technology learning. - Energy Conversion and Management 149: 368-380. DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2017.07.004

Paper III Mustapha, W.F., Trømborg, E. & Bolkesjø, T.F. (Online first 2017) Forest-based biofuel production in the Nordic countries: Modelling of optimal allocation. - Forest Policy and Economics. DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2017.07.004

Paper IV Mustapha, W.F., Kirkerud, J.G., Trømborg, E. & Bolkesjø, T.F. Hard-Linking of a Forest Sector Model to an Energy Systems Model - Effects of Large-Scale Forest-Based Biofuel Facility Deployment and Carbon Prices on the Technology Mix in the Nordic Energy Sector.- Energy. (Submitted)

ISBN: 978-82-575-1477-8 ISSN: 1894-6402

Postboks 5003 NO-1432 Ås, Norway+47 67 23 00 00www.nmbu.no