Forensic Anthropology - University of Notre Damestephens/Forensics.pdfForensic Anthropology Age...
Transcript of Forensic Anthropology - University of Notre Damestephens/Forensics.pdfForensic Anthropology Age...
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ForensicAnthropologyForensicAnthropology
Age Determination Sex Determination Number of Individuals
Age Determination Sex Determination Number of Individuals
Cause of Death Individual Identification Disease Processes
Cause of Death Individual Identification Disease Processes
Forensic Analysis Team
What Can Be Identified ??What Can Be Identified ??
N Minimum number of individualsN Sex [not gender]N Approximate ageN “Race”N Approximate statureN ComminglingN Skeletal injuryN Cause of deathN Time since death
N Human or not
Steps in IdentificationSteps in Identification
N Anatomical arrangement
N Examination & description
N Correlation w/missingpersons
N Re-examination
N Correlation w/ putativedead
Separation TechniquesSeparation Techniques
N Positive articulation
N Ultraviolet light
N Blood groupings
N Trace analysis
N Coloration & markings
N DNA analysis
N Associated documents
Human ??Human ??
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Ante- or Post-mortem Damage ?Ante- or Post-mortem Damage ? Age DeterminationAge Determination
N Dental eruptionN Bone size & maturity
N Epiphyseal closureN Third molar rootN Sacral segmentsN Pubic symphysis
N Cranial suturesN Sternal rib end changesN Peri-auricular margins
Age DeterminationAge Determination
N developmentN eruptionN wearN loss
Age DeterminationAge Determination
Age DeterminationAge Determination Age DeterminationAge Determination
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Age DeterminationAge Determination
N Todd
N McKern-Stewart
N Suchey-Brooks
Age DeterminationAge Determination
N Growth hormonedeficiency
N Not achondroplasia(dwarfism)
N Sternal rib endchanges
N Wide age ranges
N Often difficult toscore
Age DeterminationAge Determination
N Relatively inaccurate
Age DeterminationAge Determination
Kereley’s Osteon MethodKereley’s Osteon Method
Sex DeterminationSex DeterminationN Humeral head diameter
N Deltoid tub. robusticity
N Gonial eversion
N Genial tubercle robust.
N Mental eminenceN Nuchal crest
N Browridge
N Mastoid process size
N Canine root length
N Ossified thyroid cartilage
N Temporal line
N Sciatic notch width
N Symphyseal block
N Ischio-pubic index
N Preauricular sulcus
N Auricular surf. elevationN Femoral head diameter
N Bicondylar breadth
N Linea aspera robusticity
N Sacrum curvature
N Epicondylar breadth
N Ala-promotory ratioN Based on the principle of
sexual dimorphism
N In general, males aremore robust
MaleMaleFemaleFemale
FemaleFemaleMaleMale
Sex DeterminationSex Determination
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MaleMale FemaleFemale
Sex DeterminationSex Determination Sex DeterminationSex Determination
Sex DeterminationSex Determination
FemaleFemaleMaleMale
Sex DeterminationSex Determination
Ridge on sub-pubic angle
Sub-pubicconcavity
Ventralarc
Sex DeterminationSex Determination
MaleMaleFemaleFemale
MaleMale
FemaleFemaleN Shape of symphyseal blockN Ascending ramus widthN Acetabulum size
Sex DeterminationSex Determination
MaleMaleFemaleFemale
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N Elevation of theauricular surfacearound its entiremargin
MaleMale
FemaleFemale
N Non-elevated = male
N Elevated = female
Sex DeterminationSex Determination
FemaleFemaleMaleMale
Sex DeterminationSex Determination
N Curvature ofthe sacral body
N Ala vs.promatorywidth
N Generalbreadth
Sex DeterminationSex Determination
Male
Female
N Nasal aperture shape
N Lower nasal border
N Nasal bridge height
N Orbital shape
N Malar widthN Dental arch
N Tooth form
N Prognathism
N Femur-Tibia ratio
N Humerus-Ulna ratio
N Anterior femoral bowing
Race DeterminationRace Determination
… such analysis is based onthe premise that race is abiological reality. By NOmeans a ‘given.’
…… such analysis is based onthe premise that race is abiological reality. By NOmeans a ‘given.’
Race DeterminationRace Determination
Anterior ViewAnterior View
Race DeterminationRace Determination
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Race DeterminationRace Determination
C
N
M
Side ViewSide View
Race DeterminationRace Determination
M N C
Race ???Race ???
Shovel ShapedIncisors
Shovel ShapedIncisors
Individual IdentificationIndividual Identification
Individual IdentificationIndividual Identification Kennewick ManKennewick Man
N ~9,000 year old find
N Caucasian ???
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Kennewick ManKennewick Man
You be the judge….
N Mastoid air cell pattern
N Compare to xrays
N Warren commission
Individual IdentificationIndividual Identification
Individual IdentificationIndividual Identification
handedness
Applied AnthropologyApplied Anthropology
N Identify missing persons
N Provides closure
N Helps in criminal prosecution
N Provides information forinsurance claims
N MIAs, war dead
N Expert witness
N Mass disasters
Applied AnthropologyApplied Anthropology
N Human rightsN Mass gravesN Very difficult
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